246:
133:. At the conclusion of candidates' speeches, a show of hands was taken. This was an informal indication of the opinion of the voters and no official record was kept of how many voted for a particular candidate. Sometimes a candidate who found he had little support or otherwise did not want to continue declined to call for a poll. One example of this was seen in the 1784 election for the
207:
to determine if any candidate received a majority; if a losing candidate demanded a vote, this was followed by several days of polling, then a return to the hustings where the returning officer declared the winner. (The polling period was originally six days, but this was reduced to two days with the
152:
required that a separate hustings exist for every 600 electors. The 1832 act also slightly extended the franchise, expanding the percentage of the population eligible to vote from about 5% to 7%, and furthering the notions of
216:
did the hustings retain its original meaning: an elevated platform at the place of election from which the returning officer, candidates, and nominators of candidate addressed an assembled of electors before then."
157:. Although ineligible to vote, historians have noted that women and unenfranchised men took part in "looking on"—the "active participation of non-electors in the rituals of the nomination and the hustings."
212:
and hustings declaration were abolished in 1866, and hustings nominations were abolished in 1874 by a
Dominion statute. Historian George Neil Emery writes that after this point, "only in
141:
was proposed and "was returned on the show of hands" but removed himself from consideration before the polling was completed. Hustings crowds were often boisterous and unruly.
203:(under an 1849 act) typically administered elections from the hustings. "Nomination day" and "declaration day" were separate. The returning officer took nominations by a
564:
145:
250:
583:
176:
reformer, was among those who supported the secret ballot and the end to the hustings, citing the "tumult and disorder" (including often alcohol-fueled
531:
233:. However, a reorganization of state courts that took effect on July 1, 1973, abolished these and other courts, replacing them with a streamlined
37:, the term may now refer to any event (such as debates or speeches) during an election campaign where one or more of the candidates are present.
634:
601:
Running for parliament is a steep learning curve, full of challenges, and this week brought the most personal one yet: whether to attend
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342:
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that accompanied the hustings process in some areas). Proponents of the abolition of the public hustings also argued that the increased
64:
209:
126:
148:
might have several separate hustings. Initially, many constituencies had only a single hustings as the polling place, but the
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where far-right characters who have brought their vile agenda to my south London constituency would be on the same platform.
81:
to mean a "temporary platform for political speeches" had developed by the year 1719, as an extension of the meaning of the
254:
168:. The system of public nomination at the hustings was replaced by nomination based on the submissions of signed papers.
505:
63:"), an assembly of the followers or household retainers of a nobleman, such as a king, earl or chief. According to the
547:
98:
629:
420:
Origins of the Mass Party: Dispossession and the Party-Form in Mexico and
Bolivia in Comparative Perspective
312:
230:
204:
154:
138:
130:
485:
Elections in Oxford County, 1837-1875: A Case Study of
Democracy in Canada West and Early Ontario
472:
Elections in Oxford County, 1837-1875: A Case Study of
Democracy in Canada West and Early Ontario
234:
193:
245:
94:
8:
213:
624:
336:
200:
102:
86:
82:
60:
30:
26:
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and the availability of inexpensive newspapers rendered the hustings superfluous.
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What makes a great political speech? Let's talk about oratory, my fellow citizens
500:
161:
149:
501:
National Survey of Court
Organization: 1975 Supplement to State Judicial Systems
90:
618:
331:
181:
173:
165:
459:
Electing Our
Masters: The Hustings in British Politics from Hogarth to Blair
446:
Electing Our
Masters: The Hustings in British Politics from Hogarth to Blair
264:) is used to mean the campaign trail in current Canadian and British usage.
588:
307:
283:
278:
273:
177:
169:
46:
346:. Vol. 14 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 9.
584:"I'm standing up to the far right in Lewisham – because Labour isn't"
53:
226:
71:
34:
196:
229:, the Corporation or Hustings Courts were formerly lower-level
335:
519:
Public
Executions in Richmond, Virginia: A History, 1782–1907
433:
Victorian
Political Culture: "Habits of Heart and Mind"
373:
Victorian
Political Culture: "Habits of Heart and Mind"
532:
Little talk on the hustings of Canada's role in Libya
474:(University of Toronto Press, 2012), pp. xii, 24, 50.
112:came to refer to the election campaigning process.
164:abolished the hustings in Britain in favor of the
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324:
322:
115:
616:
407:Political Movements in Urban England, 1832–1914
74:, which was the assembly of the entire people.
319:
303:
301:
299:
495:
493:
125:In Britain, a similar practice prevailed in
108:By the middle of the 19th century, the term
487:(University of Toronto Press, 2012), p. 24.
448:(Oxford University Press, 2009), pp. 45–48.
391:(Cambridge University Press, 2017), p. 525.
296:
490:
40:
401:
399:
397:
435:(Oxford University Press, 2015), p. 162.
422:(Oxford University Press: 2021), p. 123.
383:
381:
375:(Oxford University Press, 2015), p. 286.
330:
244:
461:(Oxford University Press, 2009), p. 46.
412:
617:
394:
85:, which was held at a platform at the
45:The origin of the term comes from the
378:
356:
581:
255:2005 United Kingdom general election
389:Modern Britain, 1750 to the Present
361:. Political Reference Publications.
13:
635:Election law in the United Kingdom
506:United States Bureau of the Census
208:1842 and 1849 Election Acts). The
70:, the husting contrasted with the
14:
646:
253:constituency, England during the
135:four seats of the City of London
25:originally referred to a native
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557:
541:
524:
511:
477:
464:
451:
240:
438:
425:
409:(Bloomsbury Publishing: 2008).
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350:
116:18th and 19th century practice
1:
289:
582:Reid, Mandu (12 June 2018).
357:Smith, Henry Stooks (1973).
220:
7:
313:Online Etymology Dictionary
267:
249:An election husting in the
93:, and presided over by the
10:
651:
521:(McFarland: 2012), 10, 15.
359:The Parliaments of England
146:parliamentary constituency
120:
187:
251:Oxford West and Abingdon
139:William Pitt the Younger
29:governing assembly, the
16:Small political assembly
343:Encyclopædia Britannica
260:The plural term (e.g.,
66:Encyclopædia Britannica
41:Development of the term
548:Hustle on the hustings
257:
235:Virginia Circuit Court
248:
630:Elections in England
214:provincial elections
483:George Neil Emery,
470:George Neil Emery,
418:Edwin F. Ackerman,
536:The Globe and Mail
258:
59:(literally "house
530:See for example,
405:Matthew Roberts,
262:"on the hustings"
201:returning officer
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609:
608:(emphasis added)
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598:
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580:See for example
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131:House of Commons
83:Court of Husting
68:Eleventh Edition
650:
649:
645:
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614:
613:
612:
594:
592:
579:
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571:(May 19, 2022).
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538:March 30, 2011.
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517:Harry M. Ward,
516:
512:
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469:
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431:Angus Hawkins,
430:
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417:
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371:Angus Hawkins,
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366:
355:
351:
337:"Husting"
329:
320:
306:
297:
292:
270:
243:
223:
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162:Ballot Act 1872
150:Reform Act 1832
123:
118:
43:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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638:
637:
632:
627:
611:
610:
573:
556:
554:(May 5, 2004).
540:
523:
510:
508:(1975), p. 33.
489:
476:
463:
457:Jon Lawrence,
450:
444:Jon Lawrence,
437:
424:
411:
393:
387:James Vernon,
377:
364:
349:
334:, ed. (1911).
332:Chisholm, Hugh
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155:representation
144:An individual
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91:City of London
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4:
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2:
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309:
308:hustings (n.)
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228:
218:
215:
211:
210:show of hands
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205:show of hands
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198:
195:
194:Confederation
185:
183:
182:literacy rate
179:
175:
171:
167:
166:secret ballot
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158:
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593:. Retrieved
589:The Guardian
587:
576:
569:The Guardian
568:
563:Paul Daley,
559:
552:The Guardian
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388:
372:
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311:
284:Stump speech
279:Town meeting
274:Mass meeting
261:
259:
241:Modern usage
231:state courts
224:
191:
178:mob violence
159:
143:
124:
109:
107:
78:
76:
65:
56:
49:
44:
22:
20:
18:
595:4 September
170:John Bright
77:The use of
47:Old English
619:Categories
603:a hustings
290:References
95:lord mayor
625:Elections
221:Elsewhere
127:elections
87:Guildhall
54:Old Norse
268:See also
237:system.
227:Virginia
110:hustings
103:aldermen
72:folkmoot
35:metonymy
27:Germanic
197:Ontario
192:In pre-
174:Radical
129:to the
121:Britain
99:sheriff
89:in the
79:husting
57:hūsþing
50:hūsting
23:husting
199:, the
188:Canada
101:, and
61:thing
33:. By
31:thing
597:2018
172:, a
160:The
52:and
225:In
621::
599:.
586:.
567:,
550:,
534:,
504:,
492:^
396:^
380:^
340:.
321:^
310:,
298:^
137:.
105:.
97:,
21:A
316:.
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