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27:
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Local void models propose a large area of lower than average density, so they ordinarily make or imply stochastic predictions that can be falsified by astronomical surveys. For example, under a local void model, an unusually low number of nearby galaxies would be expected, so observations indicating
148:
In 2010, Moss et al. analyzed the Hubble Bubble model although without using that name, saying "The suggestion that we occupy a privileged position near the center of a large, nonlinear, and nearly spherical void has recently attracted much attention as an alternative to dark energy." Looking not
211:
implies that the universe should be expanding more slowly than is locally observed. In 2013, luminosity density measurements were made of galaxies from a broad sample of spectroscopic surveys. The resulting statistical analysis implies that the local mass density may be lower than the universe's
93:(a relative void), the local expansion of space would be faster due to the lack of nearby mass to slow it down. Thus, stars inside such a "Hubble bubble" would accelerate away from Earth faster than the general expansion of the universe. This situation could provide an alternative to
88:
that the Earth is not in a central, specially favored position, one would expect that measuring this constant at any point in the universe would yield the same value. If, on the other hand, Earth were at or near the center of a very low-density region of
194:
Measurements of the Hubble constant vary, with recent figures typically ranging from approximately 64 to 82 (km/s)/Mpc — a difference considered too significant to be explained by chance and too persistent to be explained by error. Measurements of the
157:
and other factors, they concluded that "voids are in severe tension with the data. In particular, void models predict a very low local Hubble rate, suffer from an "old age problem", and predict much less local structure than is observed."
144:
In 2007, Conley et al. examined the SNe Ia color data comparisons while taking into account the effect of cosmic dust in external galaxies. They concluded that the data did not support the existence of a local Hubble bubble.
136:
studied the peculiar velocities of 44 SNe Ia to test for a local void, and reported that Earth seemed to be inside a relative void of roughly 20% underdensity, surrounded by a dense shell, a "bubble".
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average mass density. The scale and amplitude of this underdensity could resolve the apparent discrepancy between direct local measurements of the Hubble constant and values calculated from
300:
Conley, A; RG Carlberg; J Guy; DA Howell; S Jha; A Riess; M Sullivan (2007). "Is there evidence for a Hubble Bubble? The nature of Type Ia supernova colors and dust in external galaxies".
868:"Large Magellanic Cloud Cepheid Standards Provide a 1% Foundation for the Determination of the Hubble Constant and Stronger Evidence for Physics Beyond LambdaCDM"
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an average number of nearby galaxies would constitute disconfirming evidence. Data from an infrared survey released in 2003, the
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240:
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Zehavi, Idit; Adam G Riess; Robert P Kirshner; Avishai Dekel (1998). "A Local Hubble Bubble from Type IA Supernovae?".
415:"The Local Perspective on the Hubble Tension: Local Structure Does Not Impact Measurement of the Hubble Constant"
34:
reveals many local anomalies in the generally homogeneous character of interstellar space, such as this galaxy (
1073:
360:
Moss, Adam; James P Zibin; Douglas Scott (2011). "Precision
Cosmology Defeats Void Models for Acceleration".
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In 1998, Zehavi et al. reported evidence in support of a Hubble bubble. The initial suggestion that local
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Riess, Adam G.; Casertano, Stefano; Yuan, Wenlong; Macri, Lucas M.; Scolnic, Dan (18 March 2019).
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186:) out to 600 Mpc scale have been proposed on the basis of studies of galaxy luminosity density.
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174:(Mpc) in diameter. This hypothesis has received additional support from further studies of
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8:
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Busswell, G. S.; Shanks, T.; W. J. Frith, P. J. O.; Metcalfe, N.; Fong, R. (2004-11-11).
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velocities differ from those seen elsewhere in the universe was based on observations of
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Frith, W. J.; Busswell, G. S.; Fong, R.; Metcalfe, N.; Shanks, T. (November 2003).
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811:"Evidence for a ~300 Mpc Scale Under-density in the Local Galaxy Distribution"
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tend to result in lower values than measurements by other means, such as
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distance markers for 20 years, and were key to the first observations of
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from its globally averaged value," or, more technically, "a local
690:"The local hole in the galaxy distribution: new optical evidence"
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631:"The local hole in the galaxy distribution: evidence from 2MASS"
482:"Measurements of the Hubble Constant: Tensions in Perspective*"
299:
413:
Kenworthy, W. D'Arcy; Scolnic, Dan; Riess, Adam (2019-04-24).
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163:
927:"Mystery over Universe's expansion deepens with fresh data"
121:, often abbreviated "SNe Ia." Such stars have been used as
1001:
809:
Keenan, Ryan C.; Barger, Amy J.; Cowie, Lennox L. (2013).
605:"From the Clash of White Dwarfs, the Birth of a Supernova"
26:
628:
207:. For example, cosmic background radiation data from the
757:"The Local Hole revealed by galaxy counts and redshifts"
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978:
412:
216:'s measurements of the cosmic microwave background.
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761:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
694:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
635:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
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50:would be "a departure of the local value of the
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755:Whitbourn, J. R.; Shanks, T. (2014-01-21).
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182:galaxy surveys. Furthermore, larger voids (
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149:only at supernova data but also at the
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603:Overbye, Dennis (February 22, 2010).
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101:or contribute to explanations of the
151:cosmic microwave background spectrum
1084:Large-scale structure of the cosmos
925:Castelvecchi, Davide (2020-07-15).
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241:Large-scale structure of the cosmos
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14:
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1059:Hypothetical astronomical objects
480:Freedman, Wendy L. (2021-09-17).
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725:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.08217.x
666:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.07027.x
166:, is suggested to accord with a
16:Variation in the Hubble constant
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278:. The Astronomist. 29 July 2010
73:The Hubble constant, named for
38:) and the supernova beside it (
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190:Relationship to Hubble Tension
1:
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80:, whose work made clear the
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209:Atacama Cosmology Telescope
197:cosmic microwave background
97:in explaining the apparent
62:field, perhaps caused by a
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952:10.1038/d41586-020-02126-6
845:10.1088/0004-637X/775/1/62
392:10.1103/PhysRevD.83.103515
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872:The Astrophysical Journal
815:The Astrophysical Journal
486:The Astrophysical Journal
419:The Astrophysical Journal
164:Two Micron All Sky Survey
82:expansion of the universe
903:10.3847/1538-4357/ab1422
517:10.3847/1538-4357/ac0e95
450:10.3847/1538-4357/ab0ebf
155:Big Bang nucleosynthesis
19:Not to be confused with
205:cosmic distance ladder
140:Testing the hypothesis
109:Hubble bubble proposed
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32:Hubble Space Telescope
1074:Astrophysics theories
784:10.1093/mnras/stt2024
552:Astrophysical Journal
302:Astrophysical Journal
251:List of largest voids
170:of approximately 200
99:accelerating universe
29:
86:Copernican principle
943:2020Natur.583..500C
894:2019ApJ...876...85R
837:2013ApJ...775...62K
716:2004MNRAS.354..991B
657:2003MNRAS.345.1049F
574:1998ApJ...503..483Z
508:2021ApJ...919...16F
441:2019ApJ...875..145K
384:2011PhRvD..83j3515M
324:2007ApJ...664L..13C
1089:Interstellar media
1069:Physical cosmology
168:local underdensity
119:Type Ia supernovae
91:interstellar space
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1079:Voids (astronomy)
937:(7817): 500–501.
362:Physical Review D
60:peculiar velocity
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707:astro-ph/0302330
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46:In astronomy, a
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78:Edwin Hubble
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68:mass density
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1031:Outer space
1019:Spaceflight
176:photometric
172:megaparsecs
127:dark energy
95:dark energy
1053:Categories
885:1903.07603
614:6 February
558:(2): 483.
499:2106.15656
432:1901.08681
425:(2): 145.
282:2 February
257:References
236:Giant Void
231:Local Void
201:photometry
75:astronomer
64:local void
995:Astronomy
969:220583383
878:(1): 85.
853:118433293
828:1304.2884
821:(1): 62.
793:0035-8711
774:1307.4405
734:0035-8711
590:122223606
534:235683396
526:0004-637X
492:(1): 16.
467:119095484
459:1538-4357
400:119261120
375:1007.3725
315:0705.0367
961:32669728
912:85528549
742:18260737
340:11074723
226:KBC Void
220:See also
184:KBC Void
115:redshift
56:monopole
40:SN 1994D
36:NGC 4526
981:Portals
939:Bibcode
890:Bibcode
833:Bibcode
712:Bibcode
675:2115068
653:Bibcode
570:Bibcode
504:Bibcode
437:Bibcode
380:Bibcode
320:Bibcode
132:Zehavi
66:in the
58:in the
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931:Nature
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214:Planck
134:et al.
1007:Stars
965:S2CID
908:S2CID
880:arXiv
849:S2CID
823:arXiv
769:arXiv
738:S2CID
702:arXiv
671:S2CID
643:arXiv
586:S2CID
560:arXiv
530:S2CID
494:arXiv
463:S2CID
427:arXiv
396:S2CID
370:arXiv
336:S2CID
310:arXiv
957:PMID
789:ISSN
730:ISSN
616:2011
522:ISSN
455:ISSN
284:2011
203:and
178:and
30:The
947:doi
935:583
898:doi
876:876
841:doi
819:775
779:doi
765:437
720:doi
698:354
661:doi
639:345
578:doi
556:503
512:doi
490:919
445:doi
423:875
388:doi
328:doi
306:664
70:."
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23:.
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