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763:. Upon returning, Adkins resigned his collectorship to seek the governor's office. Loathing the idea of turning the statehouse over to Adkins, Bailey decided to break Arkansas tradition and seek a third term, setting up a direct showdown between the leaders of Arkansas's warring Democratic factions in the
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disagreed with
Morgenthau, sustaining many of the charges but ruling "such practices have been common in the past". Adkins responded, "I am and shall continue to be interested in public affairs. I supported Senator Caraway loyally and wholeheartedly as I did the late Senator Robinson and Senator
564:'s office in Little Rock. Instead appointed as collector for internal revenue in Arkansas in July 1933, Adkins was responsible for educating taxpayers about new taxes and levies ordered at the national level, as well as implementing the collection and enforcing penalties for unpaid taxes.
528:, Adkins would clash with Sixth Circuit Deputy Prosecutor Carl E. Bailey, igniting a feud that would impact Arkansas politics for the next several decades. He returned to private enterprise in 1927, working for the Adkins-Williams Fire Insurance Company until 1933. He remained active in
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In 1939, Adkins' annual federal salary made news as $ 6,200 ($ 136,000 in today's dollars). His tax collection duties continued to take him across the state. Adkins continued to lead the remainder of
Robinson's "federal establishment" faction in state politics, battling Bailey over the
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presented challenges to employers in
Arkansas, and across the country. Early years were marked by large numbers of delinquencies, and guidance from Adkins and staff. The statewide travel and meetings Adkins conducted in his
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decision. Derided as "Holy Homer" by opponents, Adkins' strong brand of social conservativism earned formidable opposition from moderates and more progressive politicians, like preceding governor-turned rival
575:, businesses and individuals required more guidance to navigate the growing federal bureaucracy. In 1934, Adkins traveled the agricultural parts of the state discussing a new measure impacting
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who served as governor during a period when
Arkansas departed from several national economic and societal trends. The Adkins administration fought federal influence in Arkansas during the post-
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in 1907 and
Draughon's Business College in 1909. Adkins began working at Snodgrass & Bracy Drug Company in 1910, graduating from the Little Rock College of Pharmacy in 1911 as a licensed
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With support of the Klan, Adkins won a two-year term beginning
January 1926, and won reelection in November 1924, but did not win his November 1926 reelection bid. During his time at the
858:. Mrs. Caraway finished third, with Fulbright later winning the Democratic runoff against Adkins. Fulbright then claimed the Senate seat when he defeated the Republican Victor Wade of
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The Adkins administration presided over a doubling of the surplus in the state's treasury. His administration focused on highway construction and financing, electrification, and
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Adkins was a member of the Ku Klux Klan, whose support was important in obtaining his first political victory, and its racist views remained a hallmark of his political career.
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and business groups about the changing federal tax system, and held meetings with the public and local potentates. Implementation of the United States' first
452:, Adkins met his future wife Estelle Smith; they were wed December 21, 1921. Smith was a Red Cross United States Army nurse, and both were later stationed in
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teacher and church employee. His detractors often referred to him as "Holy Homer." He campaigned on a platform of reform and ending the practice of
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The Adkins administration was, in several ways, a forerunner to years of segregationist governors in
Arkansas and across the South; most famously
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631:-years of his term. Adkins was mentioned as a possible entrant into the special election. The key Democratic committee selected governor
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was responsible for rewarding supporters with statewide positions in
Arkansas. Adkins was reported to be seeking a post at the
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In 1948, Adkins was appointed administrator of the
Arkansas Employment Security Division, the agency responsible for worker's
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1515:. Vol. 77, no. 207 (Evening ed.). Fayetteville: Fayetteville Democrat Publishing Company. pp. 1, 4.
1461:. Vol. 77, no. 201 (Evening ed.). Fayetteville: Fayetteville Democrat Publishing Company. pp. 1, 6.
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and a leader of the
Arkansas Municipal League, 91.8 to 8.2 percent. In that campaign Stump claimed the employees of
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312:(October 15, 1890 â February 26, 1964) was an American businessman and Democratic politician who served as the
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Ledbetter, Cal, and C. Fred Williams. "Arkansas Governors in the Twentieth Century: a Ranking and Analysis."
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Miller, and in doing so did no more than has been the custom of loyal friends as long as one can remember."
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died on July 14, 1937, creating a large void in state politics and a special election to fill the remaining
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1174:. Vol. 39, no. 270 (Evening ed.). Fayetteville: Democrat Publishing Company. p. 5.
1064:. Vol. 28, no. 223 (Evening ed.). Fayetteville: Democrat Publishing Company. p. 1.
1147:. Vol. 38, no. 88 (Evening ed.). Fayetteville: Democrat Publishing Company. p. 1.
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Smith, C. Calvin (1995) . Donovon, Timothy P.; Gatewood Jr., Willard B.; Whayne, Jeannie M. (eds.).
1702:. Vol. 78, no. 77. Fayetteville: Fayetteville Democrat Publishing Company. pp. 1, 7.
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from owning land in Arkansas. Looking for a new challenge, he was defeated in 1944 in a bid for the
485:, Adkins sought the office of Pulaski County sheriff in November 1922. At the time, the sheriff and
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The Pulaski County Sheriff's Office is contained within the Pulaski County Courthouse in Little Rock
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1058:"M'Crae Leads Two to One; Cubage and Herbert Wilson Races Close; Toney Has Carried Seven Counties"
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1838:. Vol. 78, no. 83. Fayetteville: Fayetteville Democrat Publishing Company. p. 1.
1603:. Vol. 78, no. 27. Fayetteville: Fayetteville Democrat Publishing Company. p. 8.
1560:. Vol. 34, no. 108. Blytheville: Fayetteville Democrat Publishing Company. p. 1.
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1934:. Vol. 37, no. 38. Blytheville: Edgar G. Harris and Beulah L. Harris. p. 1.
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granted Adkins special permission to practice for the six months before his 21st birthday.
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were underpaid. Adkins was unopposed in the 1942 general election for his second term.
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1393:. Vol. 17, no. 205. Camden: Camden News Publishing Company. p. 4.
1229:. Vol. 15, no. 197. Camden: Camden News Publishing Company. p. 3.
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to confer with the Arkansas federal delegation ahead of announcing a bid in the
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In his second term, Adkins signed into law a bill that would prevent anyone of
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1420:. Vol. 18, no. 129. Harrison: Times Publishing Company. p. 1.
1366:. Vol. 26, no. 255. Hope: Star Publishing Company, Inc. p. 1.
1312:. Vol. 18, no. 117. Harrison: Times Publishing Company. p. 3.
1033:. Vol. 27, no. 27. Conway: The Conway Printing Company. p. 7.
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2010:. Hopkinsville, Kentucky: Historical Record Association, Inc. pp. 3â4.
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investigate Adkins' efforts in the election, but was ultimately cleared by
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era; successfully courting federal wartime production investment, during
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universities known for conservative cultural and religious positions.
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civil rights gains made by African-Americans and sought to organize a
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888:, Arkansas. He is interred at the Roselawn Memorial Park Cemetery in
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position allowed Adkins to build a strong statewide base of support.
1646:"Fail to Find Atkins [sic] Was Unduely [sic] Active"
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1804:. No. 146. Camden: Camden News Publishing Company. p. 1.
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383:, as well as pro-gambling interests in the Arkansas resort town of
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1928:"Adkins Reported Nearly 'Ready', Bailey Certain, McClellan Likely"
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Adkins sought to build a voting base based on his background as a
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in the Medical Corps. Adkins won election as secretary of the
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Staff of the Fayetteville Daily Democrat (October 4, 1934).
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Staff of the Fayetteville Daily Democrat (March 3, 1933).
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Staff of the Parke-Harper News Service (August 9, 1922).
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Staff of the Blytheville Courier News (July 23, 1937).
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Staff of the Blytheville Courier News (July 12, 1934).
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Adkins began studying law in 1915, but enlisted in the
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1937 United States Senate special election in Arkansas
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1200:. Hope: Star Publishing Company, Inc. pp. 1, 3.
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Staff of The Log Cabin Democrat (February 17, 1916).
1010:
2058:
Historical Report of the Arkansas Secretary of State
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first 100 days of Franklin D. Roosevelt's presidency
1972:The Encyclopedia of Arkansas History & Culture
770:In the 1940 general election, Adkins defeated the
2005:
1304:Staff of The Harrison Times (February 18, 1937).
1126:
1108:. Hope: Star Publishing Company, Inc. p. 5.
951:
683:, and a refinancing of the state's highway debt.
668:Senate Special Committee on Campaign Expenditures
539:
2646:
1250:"Ginners to Learn Duties Under Bankhead Measure"
509:. Winning the Democratic primary was considered
1097:
806:In his first term, Adkins was awarded honorary
501:held firm control of virtually every office in
1796:"Fat Federal Paychecks go to State Jobholders"
1597:"Treasury asked to Probe State Poll Complaint"
1219:Staff of The Camden News (December 13, 1934).
656:1938 United States Senate election in Arkansas
646:Adkins also vigorously campaigned for Senator
2231:
1412:Staff of The Harrison Times (March 4, 1937).
1385:Staff of The Camden News (January 13, 1937).
973:Who Was Who in American History, the Military
1880:Staff of the Hope Star (November 24, 1939).
1331:Staff of the Hope Star (November 24, 1939).
2700:United States Army personnel of World War I
1882:"Homer M. Adkins will Address Bankers Meet"
1830:Staff of the NWA Times (October 23, 1939).
1414:"Many Delinquent Under Social Security Act"
1333:"Homer M. Adkins Will Address Bankers Meet"
1277:Staff of The Camden News (August 4, 1934).
1193:Staff of the Hope Star (October 15, 1934).
654:for the Democratic nomination ahead of the
399:Early life, education, and military service
56:January 14, 1941 â January 9, 1945
2238:
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1744:Staff of the NWA Times (January 3, 1939).
1694:Staff of the NWA Times (October 7, 1938).
1595:Staff of the NWA Times (August 17, 1938).
1100:"Smoking 'Em Out (Campaign advertisement)"
29:
2725:United States Army Medical Corps officers
2245:
1965:Williams, Patrick G. (January 25, 2017).
1794:Vaccaro, Ernest B.C. (October 12, 1939).
1453:"Arkansas will bury 'Joe T.' Next Sunday"
1358:Staff of the Hope Star (August 7, 1935).
975:. Chicago: Marquis Who's Who. p. 4.
737:Learn how and when to remove this message
468:
463:
186:
2081:(2nd ed.). Fayetteville, Arkansas:
1964:
1696:"Committee to Give Findings on Campaign"
1509:"No Activity at Meeting of Subcommittee"
1507:Staff of the NWA Times (July 22, 1937).
1451:Staff of the NWA Times (July 15, 1937).
1168:"Charge Farmer with Control Act Evasion"
472:
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593:Federal Insurance Contributions Act tax
2675:Democratic Party governors of Arkansas
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579:. He spoke to local civic groups like
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1925:
1552:"Committee names Bailey as Candidate"
1195:"Firearms Must be Registered in U.S."
595:(FICA) to fund the provisions of the
412:
16:32nd Governor of Arkansas (1890â1964)
1746:"Committee Comments on Caraway Race"
1098:Bailey Campaign (October 13, 1937).
765:1940 Arkansas gubernatorial election
761:1940 Arkansas gubernatorial election
751:1940 Arkansas gubernatorial election
719:adding citations to reliable sources
690:
637:1936 Arkansas gubernatorial election
316:. Adkins is remembered as a skilled
1958:
1360:"Homer Adkins to Speak on Saturday"
1088:
1025:"Young Democrats form Organization"
957:
879:
13:
2665:People from Jacksonville, Arkansas
2056:(1998). Runnells, Jonathan (ed.).
1998:
1977:Butler Center for Arkansas Studies
1141:"Arkansas Democrats Hope for Jobs"
755:In early 1940, Adkins traveled to
14:
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2710:20th-century American politicians
2695:20th-century American pharmacists
2117:
1967:"Homer Martin Adkins (1890â1964)"
1279:"No Bonds Posted by Many Ginners"
481:Following return from service in
2730:Military personnel from Arkansas
2290:
971:Marquis Who's Who, Inc. (1975).
914:
902:
695:
658:. McClellan later requested the
635:, who had just recently won the
427:Arkansas State Board of Pharmacy
417:Wood) Adkins. He graduated from
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1981:Central Arkansas Library System
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706:needs additional citations for
212:Little Rock College of Pharmacy
182:
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774:Harley C. Stump, the mayor of
556:underway at the time, Senator
540:Collector for Internal Revenue
440:. He rose from a private to a
1:
2720:American Ku Klux Klan members
2680:Arkansas city council members
1942:– via NewspaperARCHIVE.
1903:– via NewspaperARCHIVE.
1869:– via NewspaperARCHIVE.
1819:– via NewspaperARCHIVE.
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1683:– via NewspaperARCHIVE.
1634:– via NewspaperARCHIVE.
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1539:– via NewspaperARCHIVE.
1428:– via NewspaperARCHIVE.
1401:– via NewspaperARCHIVE.
1387:"Revenue Head to Explain Act"
1374:– via NewspaperARCHIVE.
1347:– via NewspaperARCHIVE.
1320:– via NewspaperARCHIVE.
1293:– via NewspaperARCHIVE.
1266:– via NewspaperARCHIVE.
1237:– via NewspaperARCHIVE.
1208:– via NewspaperARCHIVE.
1182:– via NewspaperARCHIVE.
1155:– via NewspaperARCHIVE.
1116:– via NewspaperARCHIVE.
1072:– via NewspaperARCHIVE.
931:
926:List of governors of Arkansas
784:Works Progress Administration
2083:University of Arkansas Press
532:politics, and served on the
458:American Expeditionary Force
7:
2705:United States Army officers
2062:Arkansas Secretary of State
2042:American Review of Politics
1172:Fayetteville Daily Democrat
1145:Fayetteville Daily Democrat
1062:Fayetteville Daily Democrat
895:
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613:Arkansas' longtime Senator
446:Young Men's Democratic Club
210:Draughon's Business College
10:
2746:
2635:indicates acting governor.
2006:Ferguson, John L. (1965).
1926:Walsh, Pat (May 1, 1940).
872:In 1956, he established a
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372:after the Supreme Court's
2690:Pharmacists from Arkansas
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2079:The Governors of Arkansas
1221:"New Hog Tax Ruling Made"
526:Pulaski County Courthouse
366:constitutional convention
314:32nd Governor of Arkansas
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2670:Methodists from Arkansas
2141:Party political offices
1932:Blytheville Courier News
1836:Northwest Arkansas Times
1750:Northwest Arkansas Times
1700:Northwest Arkansas Times
1650:Northwest Arkansas Times
1601:Northwest Arkansas Times
1557:Blytheville Courier News
1513:Northwest Arkansas Times
1458:Northwest Arkansas Times
1255:Blytheville Courier News
921:United States portal
862:, 85.1 to 14.9 percent.
534:Little Rock City Council
884:Adkins died in 1964 in
419:Little Rock High School
411:to Ulysses and Lorena (
360:member fought the post-
1030:The Log Cabin Democrat
867:unemployment insurance
552:. Under the system of
511:tantamount to election
478:
469:Pulaski County Sheriff
464:Early political career
150:Roselawn Memorial Park
123:Jacksonville, Arkansas
2247:Governors of Arkansas
2208:Benjamin Travis Laney
2176:Benjamin Travis Laney
876:firm in Little Rock.
843:. He opposed Senator
830:worker's compensation
812:John Brown University
780:Franklin D. Roosevelt
571:multiplied under the
562:United States Marshal
546:Franklin D. Roosevelt
476:
2198:Governor of Arkansas
2160:Governor of Arkansas
852:J. William Fulbright
816:Bob Jones University
715:improve this article
664:Henry Morgenthau Jr.
650:over Representative
44:Governor of Arkansas
2124:Homer Martin Adkins
1916:, pp. 195â196.
1441:, pp. 198â199.
909:Politics portal
849:U.S. Representative
660:Treasury Department
597:Social Security Act
554:political patronage
536:from 1929 to 1933.
375:Smith vs. Allwright
326:social conservative
310:Homer Martin Adkins
175:Estelle Elise Smith
23:Homer Martin Adkins
2183:Political offices
1953:"Governors" (1995)
1914:"Governors" (1995)
1832:"Tax Speaker Here"
1439:"Governors" (1995)
1418:The Harrison Times
1310:The Harrison Times
1011:"Governors" (1995)
818:in 1941. Both are
810:degrees from both
558:Joseph T. Robinson
544:He campaigned for
517:, battling in the
479:
434:United States Army
263:United States Army
2685:Arkansas sheriffs
2642:
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2214:
2213:
2205:Succeeded by
2173:Succeeded by
2044:3 (1982): 36-58.
2017:978-1-56546-451-3
847:and the freshman
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746:
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652:John L. McClellan
569:New Deal agencies
403:He was born near
318:retail politician
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140:Malvern, Arkansas
133:February 26, 1964
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2620:Huckabee Sanders
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2188:Preceded by
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2060:. Office of the
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2008:Arkansas Lives
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808:Doctor of Laws
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648:Hattie Caraway
641:John E. Miller
633:Carl E. Bailey
607:Main article:
577:cotton ginners
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519:open primaries
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409:Pulaski County
400:
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381:Carl E. Bailey
354:George Wallace
324:proponent and
322:states' rights
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727:February 2019
720:
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704:This section
702:
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550:1932 election
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493:. During the
492:
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370:white primary
367:
363:
359:
356:. The former
355:
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349:
344:
342:
339:
338:Supreme Court
335:
331:
327:
323:
320:and a strong
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288:Medical Corps
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2158:nominee for
2154:
2128:Find a Grave
2078:
2057:
2041:
2007:
1984:. Retrieved
1970:
1960:
1948:
1931:
1921:
1909:
1897:. Retrieved
1885:
1875:
1863:. Retrieved
1835:
1825:
1813:. Retrieved
1799:
1789:
1777:. Retrieved
1749:
1739:
1727:. Retrieved
1699:
1689:
1677:. Retrieved
1649:
1640:
1628:. Retrieved
1600:
1590:
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1545:
1512:
1502:
1492:– via
1486:. Retrieved
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1336:
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1188:
1171:
1161:
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1129:, p. 4.
1122:
1103:
1078:
1061:
1051:
1041:– via
1028:
1018:
972:
954:, p. 3.
883:
871:
864:
856:Fayetteville
834:
827:
805:
791:
788:
769:
754:
733:
724:
713:Please help
708:verification
705:
681:Dyess Colomy
673:
645:
612:
566:
543:
523:
515:Ku Klux Klan
505:, including
480:
448:in 1916. At
431:
405:Jacksonville
402:
393:Orval Faubus
373:
362:World War II
358:Ku Klux Klan
345:
341:civil rights
334:World War II
309:
308:
294:Battles/wars
223:, Politician
135:(1964-02-26)
95:Ben T. Laney
90:Succeeded by
51:
2660:1964 deaths
2655:1890 births
2556:Rockefeller
2305:(from 1836)
2259:(1819â1836)
2255:Territorial
1986:December 2,
1899:December 2,
1865:December 2,
1815:December 2,
1801:Camden News
1779:December 2,
1729:December 2,
1679:December 2,
1630:December 2,
1488:December 2,
1306:"Personals"
890:Little Rock
841:U.S. Senate
801:bootlegging
589:payroll tax
585:Rotary Club
495:Solid South
438:World War I
385:Hot Springs
343:decisions.
298:World War I
153:Little Rock
78:Preceded by
2649:Categories
2615:Hutchinson
2202:1941â1945
2156:Democratic
982:0837932017
932:References
860:Batesville
772:Republican
749:See also:
591:under the
581:Lions Club
530:Democratic
489:positions
423:pharmacist
389:Sid McMath
233:Allegiance
221:Pharmacist
217:Profession
206:Alma mater
164:Democratic
155:, Arkansas
116:1890-10-15
62:Lieutenant
2511:Martineau
2401:Churchill
2396:W. Miller
2347:E. Conway
2313:J. Conway
2267:J. Miller
2109:988572226
1886:Hope Star
1844:1066-3355
1758:1066-3355
1708:1066-3355
1658:1066-3355
1609:1066-3355
1566:1066-3355
1521:1066-3355
1467:1066-3355
1364:Hope Star
1337:Hope Star
1198:Hope Star
1105:Hope Star
991:657162692
823:Christian
794:Methodist
776:Stuttgart
503:The South
487:collector
52:In office
42:32nd
2605:Huckabee
2472:Robinson
2467:Donaghey
2421:Fishback
2364:Flanagin
2358:Fletcher
2101:94-45806
2070:40157815
2026:65-25764
1940:20314526
1894:23187909
1860:18117496
1852:88051011
1810:16997701
1774:18117496
1766:88051011
1724:18117496
1716:88051011
1674:18117496
1666:88051011
1625:18117496
1617:88051011
1582:18117496
1574:88051011
1537:18117496
1529:88051011
1483:18117496
1475:88051011
1426:17000377
1399:16997701
1372:23187909
1345:23187909
1318:17000377
1291:16997701
1264:20314526
1235:16997701
1206:23187909
1180:18126013
1153:18126013
1114:23187909
1070:18126013
1039:19648290
896:See also
687:Governor
507:Arkansas
351:Governor
330:New Deal
197:Children
2633:Italics
2595:Clinton
2585:Clinton
2579:Purcell
2561:Bumpers
2521:Futrell
2516:Parnell
2485:Futrell
2454:Pindall
2391:Garland
2374:Clayton
2034:3621873
1979:at the
886:Malvern
820:private
626:⁄
567:As the
548:in the
442:captain
436:during
348:Alabama
278:Captain
191:
179:
2600:Tucker
2551:Faubus
2546:Cherry
2541:McMath
2531:Adkins
2526:Bailey
2506:Terral
2496:Brough
2478:Oldham
2461:Martin
2441:Little
2426:Clarke
2411:Hughes
2386:Baxter
2380:Hadley
2369:Murphy
2352:Rector
2282:Fulton
2107:
2099:
2089:
2068:
2046:online
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2014:
1938:
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