4649:
4388:
4412:
717:
5165:
claimants only claim portions of them. China has proposed co-operation with Taiwan against all the other countries claiming the islands. Taiwanese lawmakers have demanded that Taiwan fortify Itu Aba (Taiping) island with weapons to defend against the
Vietnamese, and both China and Taiwanese NGOs have pressured Taiwan to expand Taiwan's military capabilities on the island, which played a role in Taiwan expanding the island's runway in 2012. China has urged Taiwan to co-operate and offered Taiwan a share in oil and gas resources while shutting out all the other rival claimants. Taiwanese lawmakers have complained about repeated Vietnamese aggression and trespassing on Taiwan's Itu Aba (Taiping), and Taiwan has started viewing Vietnam as an enemy over the Spratly Islands, not China. Taiwan's state run oil company
5038:
4375:'s Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, said, "The worst thing anyone can do to a coral reef is to bury it under tons of sand and gravel ... There are global security concerns associated with the damage. It is likely broad enough to reduce fish stocks in the world's most fish-dependent region." He explained that the reason the world has heard little about the damage inflicted by the People's Republic of China to the reefs is that the experts can't get to them and noted "I have colleagues from the Philippines, Taiwan, PRC, Vietnam and Malaysia who have worked in the Spratly area. Most would not be able to get near the
13288:
13239:
13190:
13153:
13139:
13118:
13077:
13028:
12986:
12965:
12854:
12812:
12756:
12710:
12689:
12515:
12443:
12390:
10983:
231:
5695:
5659:
5622:
3941:
5169:'s board director Chiu Yi has called Vietnam as the "greatest threat" to Taiwan. Taiwan's airstrip on Taiping has irritated Vietnam. China views Taiwan's expansion of its military and airstrip on Taiping as benefiting China's position against the other rival claimants from southeast Asian countries. China's claims to the Spratly Islands benefit from legal weight because of Taiwan's presence on Itu Aba, while America on the other hand has regularly ignored Taiwan's claims in the South China Sea and does not include Taiwan in any talks on dispute resolution for the area.
14037:
5910:
5883:
5365:
exclusive control within the nine-dash line, hence has "no legal basis" to claim "historic rights" to resources. It also concluded that China's historic rights claims over the maritime areas (as opposed to land masses and territorial waters) inside the nine-dash line would have no lawful effect outside of what is entitled to under UNCLOS. It criticized China's land reclamation projects and construction of artificial islands in the
Spratly Islands, saying that they had caused "severe harm to the coral reef environment". Finally, it characterized
50:
4721:
13997:
13281:
13246:
13197:
13167:
13132:
13091:
13042:
12993:
12916:
12868:
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12770:
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12696:
12543:
12522:
12501:
12457:
12404:
11163:
408:
5547:
4657:
3916:
14044:
5123:, Taiwan stated that "legally, historically, geographically, or in reality", all of the South China Sea and Spratly islands were Taiwan's territory and under Taiwanese sovereignty, and denounced actions undertaken there by Malaysia and the Philippines, in a statement on 13 July 1999 released by the foreign ministry of Taiwan. Taiwan and China's claims "mirror" each other; during international talks involving the Spratly islands, China and Taiwan have cooperated with each other since both have the same claims.
5895:
5850:
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13160:
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12742:
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334:
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3703:
3190:
2924:
5305:, and when the Japanese-ruled Taiwan itself had annexed the Spratly islands in 1938, the US-ruled Philippines did not challenge the move and never asserted that it was their territory. He also pointed out that other countries did not need to do full land reclamation since they already control islands, and that the reason China engaged in extensive land reclamation is because they needed it to build airfields since China only has control over reefs.
3810:
3323:
3513:
3874:
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13267:
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437:
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13232:
12675:
10958:
207:
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5313:(designation of parts of the South China Sea claimed by the Philippines to be part of its EEZ)," Jannaral concluded. "Exploration of the marine territory and the waters around the Spratly Archipelago, Palawan in southwestern Philippines and the southern Philippines, belong to the residents in those areas," he added. The Sultanate of Sulu claims historic proprietary rights over the Spratly Islands since before the Spanish colonial era.
5373:. The award was ruled as final and non-appealable by either country. China rejected the ruling, calling it "ill-founded". Taiwan, which currently administers Taiping Island, the largest of the Spratly Islands, also rejected the ruling. As of November 2023, 26 governments support the ruling, 17 issued generally positive statements noting the ruling but not called for compliance, and eight rejected it. The governments in support were
4270:
12833:
12564:
5077:, stating that the Government of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV) respected the Chinese decision regarding the 12 nmi (22 km; 14 mi) limit of territorial waters. While accepting the 12-nmi principal with respect to territorial waters, the letter did not actually address the issue of defining actual territorial boundaries. North Vietnam recognised China's claims on the Paracels and Spratly Islands during the
13056:
13007:
12784:
12494:
2701:
4488:
13302:
13211:
13183:
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12937:
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12840:
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12633:
12557:
12422:
12397:
2893:
2855:
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3539:
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57:
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3798:
10139:'The fact that Taiwan continues to hold live-fire drills in the waters around Ba Binh in Vietnam's Truong Sa Islands is a serious violation of Vietnam's sovereignty over these islands, threatening peace, maritime stability, safety and security, causing tension, and complicating the situation in the East Sea (referring to the South China Sea),' Spokesperson Le Thi Thu Hang said Friday
4989:. The Republic of China then garrisoned Itu Aba (Taiping) island in 1946 and posted Chinese flags. The aim of the Republic of China was to block the French claims. The Republic of China drew up the map showing the U-shaped claim on the entire South China Sea, showing the Spratly and Paracels in Chinese territory, in 1947. Japan had renounced all claims to the islands in the 1951
13450:
5309:
paper. "China has no right over the
Spratly Islands in what it calls the South China Sea because that is part of our ancestral domain," Majaraj Julmuner Jannaral, Sultanate information officer, told the Philippine Star. "The Spratly Archipelago is part of the Sulu Sea (the inner area around the islands in the southern Philippines, which is part of the
4296:. Disruption of nesting areas by human activity and/or by introduced animals, such as dogs, has reduced the number of turtles nesting on the islands. Sea turtles are also slaughtered for food on a significant scale. The sea turtle is a symbol of longevity in Chinese culture and at times the military personnel are given orders to protect the turtles.
2445:
of these organisms accumulated over time as biogenic carbonates that comprise the current day reefs, shoals and cays of the
Spratly Islands. Starting with their formation in Late Cretaceous, fine-grained organic-rich marine sediments accumulated within the numerous submarine half-grabens that underlie sea bottom within the Dangerous Ground region.
4745:) was only published in 1821 by the hydrographer of the East India Company James Horsburgh after a survey by Captain Daniel Ross. A later 1859 edition of the map named the Spratly Island as Storm Island. The islands were sporadically visited throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries by mariners from different European powers (including
1791:
5293:'s influence over the disputed area in the South China Sea would bring attention to human rights violations and killings of ethnic minorities in Vietnam such as in the 2001 and 2004 uprisings, and lead to the issue of Cham autonomy being brought into the dispute, since the Vietnamese conquered the Hindu and Muslim
5826:
announced that its mobile phone coverage has expanded to the
Spratly Islands. The extended coverage would allow soldiers stationed on the islands, fishermen, and merchant vessels within the area to use mobile services, and can also provide assistance during storms and sea rescues. The service network
5300:
Japanese scholar Taoka Shunji said in a journal article that the assumption amongst many
Japanese people that the territory of the Philippines was being invaded by China, was incorrect. He pointed out that the Spratly islands were not part of the Philippines, when the US acquired the Philippines from
2461:
In some cays in the
Spratly Islands, the sand and pebble sediments form the beaches and spits around the island. Under the influence of the dominant wind direction, which changes seasonally, these sediments move around the island to change the shape and size of the island. For example, Spratly Island
681:
due to their location in strategic shipping lanes. The islands are largely uninhabited, but offer rich fishing grounds and may contain significant oil and natural gas reserves, and as such are important to the claimants in their attempts to establish international boundaries. Some of the islands have
5234:
accused
America of being behind the May 2014 flareup in the South China Sea, saying that Vietnam rammed a Chinese vessel on 2 May over an oil rig drilling platform and the Philippines detained 11 Chinese fishermens occurred because of Obama's visit to the region and that they were incited by America
4941:
Japan occupied the
Paracels and the Spratly Islands from February 1939 to August 1945. Japan annexed the Spratly Islands via Taiwan's jurisdiction and the Paracels via Hainan's jurisdiction. Parts of the Paracels and Spratly Islands were again controlled by Republic of China after the 1945 surrender
4769:
In the 1950s, a group of individuals claimed sovereignty over the islands in the name of Morton F. Meads, supposedly an
American descendant of a British naval captain who gave his name to Meads Island (Itu Aba) in the 1870s. In an affidavit made in 1971, the group claimed to represent the Kingdom of
5172:
Taiwan performed live fire military exercises on Taiping island in September 2012; reports said that Vietnam was explicitly named by the Taiwanese military as the "imaginary enemy" in the drill. Vietnam protested against the exercises as violation of its territory and "voiced anger", demanding that
5164:
Taiwan and mainland China are largely strategically aligned on the Spratly islands issue, since they both claim exactly the same area, so Taiwan's control of Itu Aba (Taiping) island is viewed as an extension of China's claim. Taiwan and China both claim the entire island chain, while all the other
4981:, as its base, and it renamed the island under the name of the naval vessel as Taiping. Also following the defeat of Japan at the end of World War II, the ROC re-claimed the entirety of the Spratly Islands (including Taiping Island) after accepting the Japanese surrender of the islands based on the
4881:
The Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs also try to claim that a 1883 incident involving a German ship conducting surveys in the South China Sea without China's consent was protested with Berlin and the Germans terminated the survey. Western scholars have determined, however, that this incident is
2444:
additional stretching and block faulting of continental crust occurred within the Spratly Islands and adjacent Dangerous Ground. During and after this period of tectonic activity, corals and other marine life colonised the crests of the horsts and other ridges that lay in shallow water. The remains
2435:
The dismemberment and subsidence of continental crust into horsts, rotated fault blocks and half-grabens that underlie the Spratly Islands and surrounding sea bottom occurred in two distinct periods. They occurred as the result of the tectonic stretching of continental crust along underlying deeply
5316:
Various incidents of fishing boats being harassed by Chinese warships have occurred. At least 2 vessels were rammed or sunk. One was a Vietnamese ship attacked by a Chinese coastguard vessel, and another was a Fillipino ship rammed and sunk by a Chinese fishing boat who let the Fillipino fishermen
5176:
In May 2011, Chinese patrol boats attacked two Vietnamese oil exploration ships near the Spratly Islands. Also in May 2011, Chinese naval vessels opened fire on Vietnamese fishing vessels operating off East London Reef (Da Dong). The three Chinese military vessels were numbered 989, 27 and 28, and
5364:
On 12 July 2016, the arbitral tribunal ruled in favor of the Philippines on most of its submissions. While it would not "rule on any question of sovereignty over land territory and would not delimit any maritime boundary between the Parties", it concluded that China had not historically exercised
5308:
The "Moro" as "people", is used to describe both the Filipino Muslims and their homeland. Ancestors of Moro people were the owners of Spratly Islands prior to the arrival of the Spanish colonials in the 16th century, according to the Sultan of Sulu in the southern Philippines reported in a local
5226:
suggested they might work with China and saying that Malaysia had no problem with China patrolling the South China Sea, and telling ASEAN, America, and Japan that "Just because you have enemies, doesn't mean your enemies are my enemies". However, until present Malaysia still maintained a balance
5017:
After pulling out its garrison in 1950 when the Republic of China evacuated to Taiwan, when the Filipino Tomas Cloma uprooted an ROC flag on Itu Aba laid claim to the Spratly Islands and, Taiwan again regarrisoned Itu Aba in 1956. In 1946, the Americans allegedly reminded the Philippines at its
4333:
Military groups in the Spratly Islands have engaged in environmentally damaging activities such as shooting turtles and seabirds, raiding nests and fishing with explosives. The collection of rare medicinal plants, collecting of wood, and hunting for the wildlife trade are common threats to the
4993:
together with the Paracels, Pratas and other islands captured from the Chinese, and upon these declarations, the government of the Republic of China reasserted its claim to the islands. At the peace conference, South Vietnam declared Vietnamese sovereignty over the Spratlys, but North Vietnam
5251:, that China had been building an airstrip on Fiery Cross Reef, one of the southern islands. The 10,000-foot-long (3,048 m) runway covers a significant portion of the island, and is viewed as a possible strategic threat to other countries with claims to the islands, such as
4462:
on Palawan. Therefore, it is difficult to say when humans first came upon this island group. Within historical times, several groups may have passed through or occupied the islands. Between 600 BC to 3 BC there was an east to west migration by members of the seafaring
2563:
species, 382 species of hard coral, 524 species of marine fish, 262 species of algae and sea grass, 35 species of seabirds, and 20 species of marine mammals and sea turtles. Terrestrial vegetation in the islands includes 103 species of vascular plants of magnolia branches
4736:
of 1758 by William Herbert, left the Spratly Islands region (known then as the Dangerous Ground) as largely blank, indicating that region has yet to be properly surveyed, although some islands and shoals at its western edge were marked (one appears at the same place as
2440:, the earliest period of tectonic stretching of continental crust and formation of horsts, half-grabens, and rotated fault-blocks occurred in association with the rifting and later sea-floor spreading that created the South China Sea. During the Late Oligocene-Early
6244:
4326:. One region of the Spratly Archipelago, named Truong Sa, was proposed by Vietnam's Ministry of Science, Technology, and the Environment (MOSTE) as a future protected area. The site, with an area of 160 km (62 sq mi), is currently managed by the
5181:(Chu Thap). The Chief Commander of Border Guards in Phú Yên Province, Vietnam, reported that a total of four Vietnamese vessels were fired upon by Chinese naval vessels. These incidents involving Chinese forces sparked mass protests in Vietnam, especially in
5108:
with the Vietnamese Navy, China installed some military structures on more reefs in the vicinity of the Philippines and Vietnamese occupied islands and this led to escalating tensions between these countries and China over the status and ownership of reefs.
4712:
were defined as belonging to the Quảng Ngãi District. He described it as where sea products and shipwrecked cargoes were available to be collected. Vietnamese text written in the 17th century referenced government-sponsored economic activities during the
4319:
4387:
4894:
China sent naval forces on inspection tours in 1902 and 1907 and placed flags and markers on the islands. The Qing dynasty's successor state, the Republic of China, claimed the Spratly and Paracel islands under the jurisdiction of Hainan.
9965:
5324:(FONOPs) to challenge what it deemed as excessive and illegal maritime claims from multiple Asia-Pacific states including Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Maldives, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, and Vietnam.
2643:). Little information is available regarding the current status of the islands' seabird populations, though it is likely that birds may divert nesting sites to smaller, less disturbed islands. Bird eggs cover the majority of
6240:
4434:
Records show the islands as inhabited at various times in history by Chinese and Vietnamese fishermen. In 1888 the Central Borneo Company were granted a lease to work guano "on Sprattly island and Amboyna Cay" During the
5239:
claimed America ordered Vietnam on 7 May to complain about the drilling platform, and noted that a joint military exercise was happening at this time between the Philippines and America, and also noted that the American
4874:, which lies to the west of the dividing line and had Chinese inhabitants, to Vietnam. In 1933 and 1937 France sent diplomatic notes to China maintaining that the 1887 treaty determined the ownership of islands near the
4774:, which they asserted was in turn the successor entity for a supposed Kingdom of Humanity established between the two world wars on Meads Island, allegedly by the son of the British captain. This claim to this would-be
9417:
4728:
Despite the fact that China and Vietnam both made a claim to these territories simultaneously, at the time, neither side was aware that its neighbour had already charted and made claims to the same stretch of islands.
4367:
Although the consequences of substrate mining are hidden, they are tremendous. Aggregate particles that are too fine to be used are rejected by dredging boats, releasing vast dust plumes and changing water turbidity.
2452:
sediments east of the Spratly Islands. Southeast and west of them, there also exist thick accumulations of sediments that possibly might contain economic oil and gas reserves, which lie closer to the Spratly Islands.
8954:
7920:
on 28 February 2008) Additionally, pages 48 and 51 of "The Brunei-Malaysia Dispute over Territorial and Maritime Claims in International Law" by R. Haller-Trost, Clive Schofield, and Martin Pratt, published by the
2462:
is larger during the northeast monsoon (about 700 by 300 metres (2,300 ft × 980 ft)), and smaller during the southwest monsoon (approximately 650 by 320 metres (2,130 ft × 1,050 ft)).
12338:
5489:
itself does not have a position on the legal and procedural merits of the case or on the disputed claims, and the Secretary-General expressed his hope that the continued consultations on a Code of Conduct between
4861:
recognised the sovereignty of China over the Paracel and Spratly islands. The line mentioned in the convention can be more accurately described as a shorthand for dividing islands between China and Vietnam in the
5214:
believed Malaysia could profit from China's economic growth through co-operation with China, and said that China "was not a threat to anyone and was not worried about aggression from China", as well accusing the
5189:, and in various Vietnamese communities in the West (namely in the US state of California and in Paris) over attacks on Vietnamese citizens and the intrusion into what Vietnam claimed was part of its territory.
4910:(ROC) government because France admitted finding Chinese fishermen there when French warships visited nine of the islands. In 1935, the ROC government also announced a sovereignty claim on the Spratly Islands.
4334:
biodiversity of the entire region, including these islands. Coral habitats are threatened by pollution, over-exploitation of fish and invertebrates, and the use of explosives and poisons as fishing techniques.
10359:
10389:
9365:
9179:
7721:
MARITIME BRIEFING, Volume I, Number 6: A Geographical Description of the Spratly Island and an Account of Hydrographic Surveys Amongst Those Islands, 1995 by David Hancox and Victor Prescott. Pages 14–15
5033:
Taiwan's garrison from 1946 to 1950 and 1956-now on Itu Aba represents an "effective occupation" of the Spratly Islands. China established a coastal defence system against Japanese pirates or smugglers.
4758:). However, these nations showed little interest in the islands. In 1883, German boats surveyed the Spratly and the Paracel Islands but eventually withdrew the survey, after receiving protests from the
6688:
9026:
9791:
5219:
of provoking China and trying to turn China's neighbours against China. Malaysian authorities displayed no concern over China conducting a military exercise at James Shoal in March 2013, with its
7022:
9769:
8599:
100:
6719:
6407:
4882:
not based on verifiable references and is inconsistent with other Chinese inaction during the same time period given that, in 1885, the German Admiralty published a two‐sheet chart entitled
13986:
12331:
10017:
4648:
9991:
9694:
10481:
7179:
10074:
9071:
5270:
against the Vietnamese, and fighting continued until the Vietnamese crushed the remnants of the resistance in 1835. The Cham organisation Front de Libération du Champa was part of the
9957:
9737:
6601:
in A. J. Fraser, S. J. Matthews, and R. W. Murphy, eds., pp. 293–310, Petroleum Geology of South East Asia. Special Publication no. 126, The Geological Society, Bath, England 436 pp.
10154:
9584:
9389:
9348:
9115:
9091:
6353:
7932:, University of Durham, UK, points out that this is, in fact, a "territorial dispute" between Brunei and other claimants over the ownership of one above-water feature (Louisa Reef)
2448:
The geological surveys show localised areas within the Spratly Islands region are favourable for the accumulation of economic oil and gas reserves. They include thick sequences of
674:
in 1843, the islands contain less than 2 km (490 acres) of naturally occurring land area, which is spread over an area of more than 425,000 km (164,000 sq mi).
12324:
9877:
7243:
9856:
9601:
9678:
9529:
2592:) formerly occurred in numbers sufficient to support commercial exploitation. These species reportedly continue to nest even on islands inhabited by military personnel (such as
9560:
3892:
682:
civilian settlements, but of the approximately 45 islands, cays, reefs and shoals that are occupied, all contain structures that are occupied by military forces from Malaysia,
10326:
10252:"Press Release: Arbitration between the Republic of the Philippines and the People's Republic of China: Arbitral Tribunal Establishes Rules of Procedure and Initial Timetable"
9413:
10532:
Declaration by the High Representative on behalf of the EU on the Award rendered in the Arbitration between the Republic of the Philippines and the People's Republic of China
9302:
5006:
and the founding of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in 1949. Taiwan quietly withdrew troops from Taiping Island in 1950, but then reinstated them in 1956 in response to
10531:
10420:
8958:
4676:
A Vietnamese map from 1834 also combines the Spratly and Paracel Islands into one region known as "Vạn Lý Trường Sa", a feature commonly incorporated into maps of the era (
15799:
9002:
4352:
from 1995 to 2001, but the price increased to US$ 190 per tonne from 2003 to 2005. Although the Philippines and China had both ratified the UNCLOS III, in the case of and
2674:
is still largely a mystery. Scientists have focused their research on the marine environment, while the ecology of the terrestrial environment remains relatively unknown.
2341:. These horsts are part of a series of half-grabens and rotated fault-blocks which lie parallel and en echelon. The long axes of the horsts, rotated fault blocks and half-
9051:
6824:"Opportunistic observations on the distribution of cetaceans in the Malaysian South China, Sulu and Sulawesi Seas and an updated checklist of marine mammals in Malaysia"
5266:, and then finally conquered the last remnants of the Cham people in an invasion in 1832. A Cham named Katip Suma who received Islamic education in Kelantan declared a
13367:
7348:
7040:
5227:
relations with the countries involved in this dispute. But since China has started encroaching its territorial waters, Malaysia has become active in condemning China.
728:, according to a Chinese 1986 source, the Spratly Islands consist of 14 islands or islets, 6 banks, 113 submerged reefs, 35 underwater banks and 21 underwater shoals.
14815:
14705:
13979:
8643:
7951:
6296:
5494:
and China under the framework of the Declaration of the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea will lead to increased mutual understanding among all the parties.
4741:). A number of maps of the South China Sea were later produced, but the first map that gives a reasonably accurate delineation of the Spratly Islands region (titled
4854:
annually sojourned on the Spratly islands for part of the year, while in 1877 it was the British who launched the first modern legal claims to the Spratly Islands.
10349:
9499:
7149:
10381:
9824:
9373:
9187:
9155:
9131:
10229:
9203:
16151:
15154:
6680:
4144:
9018:
7693:"A correct chart of the China Seas: containing the coasts of Tsiompa Cochin China, The Gulf of Tonquin, Part of the coast of China and the Philippine Islands"
6459:
6433:
5126:
It was unclear whether France continued its claim to the islands after World War II, since none of the islands, other than Taiping Island, was habitable. The
4652:
An 1801 Cary Map of the East Indies and Southeast Asia showing Panacot, the Scarborough Shoal, Amphitrite, the Paracels, and what is now known as the Spratlys
15036:
8069:[Full text of Convention relative to the delimitation of the frontier between China and Tonkin, signed in Beijing] (in French). Gallica. 26 June 1887
4942:
of Japan, since the Allied powers assigned the Republic of China to receive Japanese surrenders in that area, however no successor was named to the islands.
4166:
2551:
trees growing on one island. A few islands that have been developed as small tourist resorts had soil and trees brought in and planted where there was none.
10048:
9801:
2353:
of the adjacent South China Sea. The horsts, rotated fault blocks, and the rock forming the bottoms of associated grabens consist of stretched and subsided
14656:
13972:
11512:
11505:
7673:
David Hancox and Victor Prescott (1995). "A Geographical Description of the Spratly Islands and an Account of Hydrographic Surveys Amongst Those Islands".
10097:
9469:
15782:
14674:
9277:
9252:
8974:
6991:
6965:
8432:
7014:
4645:
continued to include the territory in maps compiled in 1724, 1755, 1767, 1810, and 1817, but did not officially claim jurisdiction over these islands.
4288:
Political instability, tourism, and the increasing industrialisation of neighbouring countries has led to serious disruption of native flora and fauna,
9759:
8595:
7401:
7295:
6524:
Seismic Stratigraphy, Tectonic Structure and Extension Factors Across the Dangerous Grounds: Evidence from Two Regional Multi-Channel Seismic Profiles.
5271:
9942:
6082:
Black type is used for islands, and for those reefs and shoals that have portions above water at high tide. Blue type is used for submerged features.
5882:
15846:
15758:
15752:
8773:
6711:
6411:
768:, shipping, guano mining, oil and gas exploitation, and more recently, tourism. The Spratly Islands are located near several primary shipping lanes.
8728:
16146:
15810:
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10857:
10678:
9227:
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6000:
4210:
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711:
141:
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to enable establishment of an outpost. As of 2014 it had not been removed, and Filipino marines have been stationed aboard since the grounding.
4314:
Some interest has been taken in regard to conservation of these island ecosystems. J.W. McManus, professor of marine biology and ecology at the
15816:
15371:
15031:
15011:
13360:
10637:
17:
13519:
10473:
9323:
9067:
8355:
7171:
5909:
1825:
16121:
15409:
15351:
14808:
14715:
10070:
8804:
9727:
9634:
7088:
4299:
Heavy commercial fishing in the region incurs other problems. Although it has been outlawed, fishing methods continue to include the use of
1765:
The total area of the archipelago's naturally occurring islands is 177 ha (440 acres) and 200 ha (490 acres) with reclaimed land.
724:
In 1939, the Spratly Islands were coral islets mostly inhabited by seabirds. Despite the Spratly Islands naturally consisting of 19 islands
15052:
15026:
14948:
2568:) of 39 families and 79 genera. The islands that do have vegetation provide important habitats for many seabirds and sea turtles. Both the
10165:
9581:
9381:
9340:
9107:
9087:
7066:
6361:
739:
often rising abruptly from ocean depths greater than 1,000 metres (3,000 ft) – all of which makes the area dangerous for navigation.
16066:
15021:
15006:
14858:
14001:
12153:
11423:
8324:
8111:
7621:
6181:
6048:
5990:
5138:. "The French bestowed its titles, rights, and claims over the two island chains to the Republic of Vietnam (RoV) in accordance with the
4411:
4364:, the PRC dredged sand for free in the EEZ the Philippines had claimed from 1978 arguing this is the "waters of China's Nansha Islands".
121:
9885:
8488:
7759:
7251:
6896:
4906:, built weather stations on two of the islands, and administered them as part of French Indochina. This occupation was protested by the
4623:) is taken by some to mean Spratly, however different authors interpret the identities of these islands differently. Another Ming text,
16019:
15776:
15563:
14981:
14736:
10198:
9920:
9853:
9668:
2000:
677:
The Spratly Islands are one of the major archipelagos in the South China Sea which complicate governance and economics in this part of
13070:
9552:
9521:
8005:
16141:
16086:
15770:
13353:
11474:
6823:
5349:(UNCLOS) across a range of issues, including the latter's historic rights claims over parts or all of the Spratly Islands inside the
565:
10318:
9443:
7913:
7349:"The South China Sea and Its Coral Reefs during the Ming and Qing Dynasties: Levels of Geographical Knowledge and Political Control"
5849:
16156:
16071:
16002:
15822:
15804:
15764:
14801:
14710:
13964:
10412:
9294:
6576:
2042:
716:
13926:
10450:
6932:
6758:
2491:
reported that China were using "scores of dredgers" to convert Fiery Cross Reef and several other reefs into military facilities.
2465:
Some islands may contain fresh groundwater fed by rain. Groundwater levels fluctuate during the day with the rhythm of the tides.
16131:
16061:
15840:
12261:
11684:
11403:
10535:
8923:
5508:
145:
10510:
8994:
8697:
8252:
7475:
5173:
Taiwan stop the drill. Among the inspectors of the live fire drill were Taiwanese national legislators, adding to the tensions.
4303:
fitted with chain rollers. In 1994, a routine patrol by Taiwan's marine navy confiscated more than 200 kg (400 lb) of
16136:
15936:
14824:
6053:
5995:
4717:, 200 years earlier. The Vietnamese government conducted several geographical surveys of the islands in the 18th century.
10123:
9043:
8892:
8514:
7424:
5089:
retract its recognition and admitted it recognised them as part of China to receive aid from China in fighting the Americans.
5037:
16056:
15997:
14185:
12777:
10789:
10766:
9611:
8482:
8390:
8318:
8199:
8105:
8038:
7991:
7883:
7856:
7829:
7792:
7753:
7454:
7436:
7395:
7331:
7289:
7216:
7127:
6799:
6488:
2487:
are the predominant structures of these islands; the Spratly group contains over 600 coral reefs in total. In April 2015 the
74:
8044:
7873:
7798:
7359:
7222:
7036:
4692:, referring to both the Spratly and Paracel Islands), which lay near the coast of the central Vietnam, as early as 1838. In
14775:
10850:
10830:
7943:
6331:
4338:
14036:
13957:
denotes provincial seat. / Sovereignty over the Hoàng Sa and Trường Sa archipelagoes is disputed as of 21 September 2024.
10701:
8635:
6787:
Marine Protected Areas for Whales, Dolphins and Porpoises: A World Handbook for Cetacean Habitat Conservation and Planning
6599:
An Overview of the Hydrocarbon Potential of the Spratly Islands Archipelago and its Implications for Regional Development.
6288:
14888:
12411:
12173:
11674:
11413:
11092:
8477:. Vol. 35 of Publications on Ocean Development (illustrated ed.). Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. pp. 91–92.
6015:
5369:
and other features of the Spratly Islands as "rocks" under UNCLOS, and therefore are not entitled to a 200 nautical mile
4447:
were in occupation. However, there is no record of large settlements on the islands until 1956, when Filipino adventurer
125:
10255:
9491:
8861:
8830:
7143:
13274:
11694:
10908:
4792:
The following are political divisions for the Spratly Islands claimed by various area nations (in alphabetical order):
4467:. This may have led them through the Spratly Islands on their way to Vietnam. These migrants were the forebears of the
3903:
732:
185:
129:
12436:
10605:
9832:
9163:
9139:
7700:
4593:
and may have been considered by them to have been within their national boundaries. However, the Yuan also ruled over
16166:
16096:
15717:
14648:
14638:
11418:
10221:
9195:
8416:
7447:
5867:
5101:
4954:
4771:
2019:
157:
13564:
6132:
4749:, after whom the island group derives its most recognisable English name, who visited the group in the 1840s in his
16091:
16076:
15554:
15094:
14941:
14767:
14165:
14052:
6866:
6437:
5321:
4886:(The Paracel Islands). The chart documented the work of a German expedition to the Paracels between 1881 and 1884.
2333:. These accumulations of biogenic carbonate lie upon the higher crests of major submarine ridges that are uplifted
1727:
1674:
1621:
1568:
1515:
1462:
1409:
1356:
1303:
1249:
1196:
1142:
1088:
1035:
982:
929:
876:
822:
5177:
they showed up with a small group of Chinese fishing vessels. Another Vietnamese fishing vessel was fired on near
16116:
16081:
15982:
13295:
11999:
11583:
11220:
10843:
10806:
10040:
8666:
4907:
4140:
3132:
454:
12347:
9465:
5026:. However, no document was found to that effect. The Philippines then claimed the Spratly Islands in 1971 under
4857:
Some Chinese scholars and officials argue that the 1887 Sino-French Tonkin Boundary convention signed after the
12158:
11555:
5358:
5263:
5220:
2160:
2095:
137:
9269:
9244:
8978:
6987:
6961:
15992:
15461:
15336:
12571:
12464:
12214:
12184:
11833:
11578:
11540:
11467:
11391:
11105:
10880:
8428:
8140:. U.S. policy options in the South China Sea. Arlington, VA: CNA Corporation's Strategic Studies. p. 86.
6058:
5054:
5011:
4998:
force withdrew from most of the Spratly and Paracel Islands after they retreated to Taiwan from the opposing
4766:. China sent naval forces on inspection tours in 1902 and 1907 and placed flags and markers on the islands.
4452:
2109:
558:
351:
177:
161:
13569:
13417:
10661:
6317:
Note, however, that a 2013 US EIA report questions the economic viability of many of the potential reserves.
16106:
14744:
14207:
13861:
13663:
13376:
11545:
11345:
8066:
5894:
5204:
2061:
518:
14043:
13811:
12316:
8765:
5065:
In 1958, China issued a declaration defining its territorial waters that encompassed the Spratly Islands.
153:
16111:
15987:
15977:
15260:
15080:
14934:
14868:
13841:
13730:
13458:
13146:
12196:
10891:
10737:
8739:
8621:
5980:
5113:
5105:
4404:
13796:
10578:
9219:
7925:
5262:
Champa historically had a large presence in the South China Sea. The Vietnamese broke Champa's power in
2693:
16101:
14080:
14013:
13689:
12798:
12202:
10282:
10190:
8556:
8411:
Kivimäki, Timo (2002), War Or Peace in the South China Sea?, Nordic Institute of Asian Studies (NIAS),
7096:
5857:
5070:
4990:
4935:
2686:
2373:
49:
13911:
13871:
13791:
13679:
13529:
13412:
12902:
8217:
6387:
4871:
2515:
and grasses. It is difficult to determine which species have been introduced or cultivated by humans.
16181:
15969:
15213:
15088:
14630:
12487:
10609:
8231:
5970:
4918:
base for the occupation of Southeast Asia. During the Japanese occupation, these islands were called
4605:. They are also referenced, sometimes with different names, in the Ming dynasty. For example, in the
13994:
13640:
13509:
8030:
Security and International Politics in the South China Sea: Towards a co-operative management regime
7986:. Contributor: Nordic Institute of Asian Studies (illustrated ed.). NIAS Press. pp. 9–11.
5050:
4898:
In 1933, France asserted its claims to the Spratly and Paracel Islands on behalf of its then-colony
4835:
2066:
16176:
16161:
16051:
15070:
13916:
13856:
13801:
13635:
13625:
11460:
9319:
8955:"Photo: Taiwan military exercises with Vietnam as an imaginary enemy generals admit Taiping Island"
8796:
8347:
8067:"Convention relative à la délimitation de la frontière entre la Chine et le Tonkin, signée à Pékin"
6269:
5632:
5146:
551:
13936:
13931:
13554:
13549:
13407:
13345:
9878:"The Cham: Descendants of Ancient Rulers of South China Sea Watch Maritime Dispute From Sidelines"
7244:"The Cham: Descendants of Ancient Rulers of South China Sea Watch Maritime Dispute From Sidelines"
6658:"Một số đặc điểm địa chất đảo san hô Trường Sa – Some geological features of Spratly coral Island"
6241:"The Impact of Artificial Islands on Territorial Disputes Over The Spratly Islands, by Zou Keyuan"
5780:
16171:
14883:
14720:
13831:
13655:
13630:
13594:
13402:
13225:
13174:
12923:
12254:
12168:
12127:
11386:
6035:
6030:
5370:
5317:
drift at sea without giving aid. The stranded fishermen were later rescued by a Vietnamese ship.
5192:
In June 2011, the Philippines began officially referring to parts of the South China Sea as the "
4999:
4839:
4787:
4327:
4293:
4215:
4204:
2070:
1960:
695:
628:
117:
13846:
10474:"Taiwan-controlled Taiping Island is a rock, says international court in South China Sea ruling"
9644:
8729:"Vietnam's Position on the Sovereignty over the Paracels & the Spratlys: Its Maritime Claim"
7172:"China and Philippines: The reasons why a battle for Zhongye (Pag-asa) Island seems unavoidable"
6745:"Vietnamese sea and islands – position, resources and typical geological and ecological wonders"
753:, are largely uninhabited, and very few of the islands have a permanent drinkable water supply.
13941:
13896:
13826:
13765:
13694:
12266:
12190:
10574:
7062:
6020:
5557:
5320:
In 2017, the United States despite not being a claimant in the Spratly dispute, reported using
5302:
5139:
5023:
4982:
4720:
4472:
4444:
13821:
13499:
8308:
8095:
7846:
7613:
7385:
7321:
7279:
6785:
5142:", said Nguyen Hong Thao, Associate Professor at Faculty of Law, Vietnam National University.
15710:
15581:
15484:
15221:
14913:
14440:
13750:
13740:
13735:
13704:
13674:
13645:
13559:
13504:
13494:
13489:
13422:
13000:
12847:
12276:
11932:
11235:
10811:
10795:
8472:
8292:
8152:
7899:
Whiting, Kenneth (2 February 1992). "Asian Nations Squabble Over Obscure String of Islands".
7743:
7653:
7208:
6988:"PRESIDENTIAL DECREE No. 1599 ESTABLISHING AN EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES"
6884:
6480:
6161:
5595:
4120:
3995:
3740:
3227:
2589:
1977:
1661:
464:
13851:
13806:
13745:
13579:
13427:
9908:
8378:
7981:
6460:"LAWATAN OPERASI KAPAL TENTERA DARAT AMERIKA SYARIKAT, CW3 HAROLD C CLINGER KE PULAU PINANG"
5207:
passed a law demarcating Vietnamese sea borders to include the Spratly and Paracel Islands.
15547:
15249:
14851:
14175:
13946:
13921:
13901:
13669:
12724:
12178:
12137:
11240:
10098:"In 2017, US Freedom of Navigation Operations Targeted 10 Asian Countries — Not Just China"
5805:
5705:
5345:
In January 2013, the Philippines initiated arbitration proceedings against China under the
5340:
5286:
minorities. The last remaining FULRO insurgents surrendered to the United Nations in 1992.
5223:
4701:
4464:
4345:
4104:
3303:
3113:
13836:
13684:
13514:
13439:
13434:
8931:
6838:
8:
14863:
14793:
14610:
14445:
14140:
13380:
12208:
12030:
11977:
11884:
11350:
11225:
11140:
10748:
10741:
9732:
9606:
9439:
8134:
7917:
6568:
6040:
5418:
5310:
5193:
5153:
5135:
5042:
4986:
4866:, but not its maritime waters. In the 1950s amid warming ties between the two countries,
4753:
4724:
A British chart of the sea in northern Borneo, first issued in 1881 and corrected in 1935
4372:
4315:
4084:
3550:
3398:
3075:
2604:
2236:
1781:
735:
and is characterised by many low islands, sunken reefs, and degraded, sunken atolls with
620:
523:
386:
194:
13620:
10752:
10350:"Taiwan rejects South China Sea ruling, says will deploy another navy vessel to Taiping"
7148:. Vol. 1 (8th ed.). Taunton: UKHO – United Kingdom Hydrographic Office. 2010.
4311:. These activities have a devastating impact on local marine organisms and coral reefs.
16024:
15872:
15356:
15174:
15169:
15144:
15114:
14500:
14460:
14410:
14405:
14240:
13906:
13816:
13584:
12550:
12114:
11947:
11915:
11869:
11848:
11669:
11397:
11360:
11330:
11215:
11065:
11015:
10442:
7521:
7204:
From Ancient Cham to Modern Dialects: Two Thousand Years of Language Contact and Change
6762:
6095:
5975:
5328:
5247:
In a series of news stories on 16 April 2015, it was revealed, through photos taken by
5018:
independence that the Spratly Islands were not Philippine territory, both to not anger
4974:
4914:
occupied some of the islands in 1939 during World War II, and it used the islands as a
4379:
except possibly some from PRC, and those would not be able to release their findings."
4353:
4254:
4193:
4182:
4171:
4160:
4149:
4092:
4035:
3970:
3778:
3360:
2904:
2628:
2577:
765:
312:
263:
133:
13885:
11439:
6615:[Deposition and erosion dynamics and shape change of the Spratly coral island]
2198:
15944:
15893:
15610:
14873:
14620:
14615:
14585:
14475:
14470:
14420:
14250:
14145:
13785:
13021:
12271:
11711:
11646:
11634:
10923:
10885:
10785:
10762:
10506:
10354:
9828:
9639:
8478:
8412:
8386:
8314:
8248:
8195:
8172:
8101:
8034:
7997:
7987:
7879:
7852:
7825:
7788:
7749:
7467:
7450:
7443:
7432:
7391:
7327:
7285:
7212:
7123:
6795:
6744:
6657:
6635:
6612:
6484:
6157:
5003:
4817:
4510:
4396:
4376:
4322:, has explored the possibilities of designating portions of the Spratly Islands as a
4304:
4289:
2559:
A total of 2,927 marine species have been recorded in the Spratly Sea, including 776
2399:
2354:
2024:
583:
181:
38:
13891:
13879:
10548:
5030:, after Taiwanese troops attacked and shot at a Philippine fishing boat on Itu Aba.
4973:
In November 1946, the ROC sent naval ships to take control of the islands after the
2329:
The Spratly Islands consist of islands, reefs, banks and shoals made up of biogenic
15925:
15703:
15672:
15532:
15517:
15451:
15298:
15062:
14780:
14545:
14535:
14505:
14465:
14435:
14360:
14220:
12661:
12619:
12281:
12235:
12004:
11992:
11987:
11805:
11629:
11560:
11532:
11310:
11245:
11150:
11000:
9414:"Chinese Boats Cause Thousands of Dollars in Damage to Vietnamese Fishermen's Nets"
8900:
8869:
8838:
8705:
8522:
8268:
8164:
6925:
6173:
5831:
5742:
5614:
5211:
5186:
5178:
5093:
5027:
4899:
4440:
4436:
4112:
4096:
4023:
3950:
3847:
3607:
3341:
3265:
2620:
2581:
2476:. The principal minerals bearing phosphate are podolite, lewistonite and dehonite.
2346:
2297:
2132:
1884:
916:
771:
The islands and cays, listed in descending order of naturally occurring area, are:
594:
591:
396:
248:
13718:
10549:"Daily Press Briefing by the Office of the Spokesperson for the Secretary-General"
8135:"China versus Vietnam: An Analysis of the Competing Claims in the South China Sea"
6540:
Tectonic Analysis of the Breakup and Collision Unconformities in the Nansha Block.
6222:
5131:
5022:
in China and because the Spratly Islands were not part of the Philippines per the
4709:
4661:
4656:
16126:
15954:
15949:
15834:
15615:
15600:
15540:
15507:
15502:
15479:
15278:
15226:
15164:
15159:
14590:
14480:
14425:
14370:
14350:
14305:
14215:
14135:
14130:
14125:
13755:
12826:
12246:
12081:
12035:
11920:
11843:
11523:
11483:
11335:
11285:
10928:
10780:
10756:
10705:
10665:
9958:"Chinese aggression in South China Sea & East China Sea face strong pushback"
9860:
9764:
9588:
8256:
8235:
8224:
8028:
7929:
7782:
7649:
7496:
7202:
6870:
6474:
6394:
6025:
6010:
5948:
5166:
5019:
4911:
4858:
4778:
fell dormant after 1972, when several members of the group drowned in a typhoon.
4746:
4669:
4585:
4576:
4506:
4308:
4300:
4068:
3474:
2504:
2338:
1904:
1813:
1769:
1129:
667:
635:
508:
484:
13724:
7015:"'Absolute Nightmare' As Chinese Destroy South China Reefs; Fish Stocks at Risk"
6327:
4564:
698:
in the southeastern part of the Spratly Islands, which includes the uninhabited
15901:
15746:
15681:
15643:
15605:
15469:
15419:
15326:
15313:
15303:
15283:
15192:
15149:
15109:
15047:
14575:
14570:
14565:
14485:
14365:
14225:
14100:
13537:
13478:
12749:
12703:
12359:
12163:
12122:
12104:
12014:
11982:
11952:
11864:
11838:
11790:
11785:
11570:
11428:
11340:
11300:
11260:
11180:
11175:
11130:
11100:
11070:
10995:
10698:
10683:
10591:
9674:
7748:(illustrated ed.). Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. pp. 74, 76.
6638:[Results of preliminary survey for groundwater in Spratly coral Island]
6005:
5962:
5874:
5835:
5809:
5761:
5539:
5486:
5462:
5390:
5366:
5350:
5058:
4978:
4966:
4903:
4863:
4258:
4136:
4072:
4027:
4011:
3962:
3885:
3866:
3664:
3588:
3455:
3151:
3037:
2999:
2885:
2516:
2330:
2269:
1889:
1874:
1183:
969:
807:
678:
671:
612:
513:
494:
425:
420:
376:
346:
317:
243:
31:
14926:
10251:
5096:
under the pretext of building an oceanic observation station and installing a
5081:
as it was being supported by China. Only after winning the war and conquering
5053:). Used from 22 August 1956 until 1975, when replaced by another one from the
5007:
4928:), literally the New Southern Islands, and together with the Paracel Islands (
4448:
1790:
99:
16045:
15959:
15666:
15648:
15638:
15633:
15361:
15321:
15288:
15124:
14495:
14430:
14375:
14355:
14310:
14105:
14095:
13125:
12305:
12132:
11927:
11874:
11775:
11758:
11721:
11716:
11609:
11588:
11499:
11491:
11295:
11265:
11250:
11135:
11125:
11050:
11020:
10775:
10222:"China's Global Reputation Hinges on Upcoming South China Sea Court Decision"
9792:"Malaysia lodges diplomatic protest against intrusion at Beting Patinggi Ali"
9760:"Presence of China Coast Guard ship at Luconia Shoals spooks local fishermen"
8194:. The Hague, The Netherlands: Brill/Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p. 99.
8176:
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8001:
5985:
5687:
5669:
5216:
5127:
5086:
5082:
5066:
5046:
4875:
4458:
Evidence of human presence in the region extends back nearly 50,000 years at
4361:
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4015:
4007:
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1941:
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878:
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824:
489:
474:
381:
371:
297:
268:
8674:
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6177:
4714:
1768:
Due to confusion, the Spratly Islands at times were also referred to as the
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10582:
10443:"South China Sea: Tribunal backs case against China brought by Philippines"
7692:
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5120:
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1558:
1343:
863:
538:
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528:
459:
391:
322:
10633:
7037:"Ever heard of the 1734 Murillo Velarde map and why it should be renamed?"
6613:"Động lực bồi tụ, xói lở bờ và sự thay đổi hình dạng đảo san hô Trường Sa"
4451:, decided to "claim" a part of Spratly islands as his own, naming it the "
2596:) to some extent, though it is believed that their numbers have declined.
746:(or keys): sand islands formed on old degraded and submerged coral reefs.
15573:
15474:
15381:
15376:
15366:
15293:
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11110:
11087:
11055:
11010:
11005:
10970:
10938:
10933:
10913:
10382:"A UN-appointed tribunal dismisses China's claims in the South China Sea"
8977:. Taipei Mission in the Republic of Latvia. 23 April 2013. Archived from
7429:
Security Flashpoints: Oil, Islands, Sea Access and Military Confrontation
7387:
Security Flashpoints: Oil, Islands, Sea Access and Military Confrontation
7281:
Security Flashpoints: Oil, Islands, Sea Access and Military Confrontation
6476:
Marine Geology and Geotechnology of the South China Sea and Taiwan Strait
6124:
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6087:
5901:
5737:
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5430:
5426:
5294:
5275:
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shows Galit, Pancot, and Lumbay, which the Philippines identifies as the
4392:
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was also cultivated there when it was profitable. Other accounts mention
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750:
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655:
631:
449:
361:
356:
339:
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302:
258:
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219:
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13466:
9366:"Vietnam's angry at Taiwan as it stages live-fire drill in the Spratlys"
6863:
5942:
4705:
4665:
15268:
15231:
15119:
15016:
14996:
14986:
14520:
14450:
14395:
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14110:
13779:
13773:
12529:
12383:
12355:
11942:
11753:
11290:
11120:
11060:
10733:
Dangerous Ground: The Spratly Islands and U.S. Interests and Approaches
8596:"Late Vietnam PM's letter gives no legal basis to China's island claim"
7745:
Where in the World is the Philippines?: Debating Its National Territory
6328:"Sandcastles of their own: Vietnamese Expansion in the Spratly Islands"
5804:
In 2005, a cellular phone base station was erected by the Philippines'
5466:
5283:
5097:
5074:
4995:
4867:
4528:
4495:, Spratly Islands are suggested to be the islands at the bottom right (
4250:
4128:
4003:
3702:
3189:
2923:
2636:
2499:
Little vegetation grows on these islands, which are subject to intense
2473:
2418:
2366:
366:
307:
13712:
13472:
12300:
9180:"Vietnam angry at Taiwan as it stages live-fire drill in the Spratlys"
8339:
5928:
4570:
4567:
15828:
15494:
15396:
15136:
15042:
14991:
14679:
14600:
14550:
13608:
13204:
13104:
12887:
12508:
12351:
12009:
11736:
11550:
11255:
11025:
10802:, National Council for Science and the Environment, Washington, D.C..
10731:
10507:"Arbitration Support Tracker | Asia Maritime Transparency Initiative"
10316:
10071:"How the Vietnamese rescued Pinoy fishermen rammed by Chinese vessel"
6791:
6538:
Zhen, S., Z. Zhong-Xian, L. Jia-Biao, Z. Di, and W. Zhang-Wen, 2013,
5793:
Military use only. Extended from 600 m to 1,200 m in 2016.
5651:
5374:
5197:
5049:, Spratly Islands, defining the cay as part of Vietnamese territory (
4977:. It had chosen the largest and perhaps the only inhabitable island,
4950:
4915:
4828:
4759:
4546:
4532:
4100:
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2387:
2383:
2376:
2212:
2153:
2047:
761:
469:
273:
9044:"Drills held on Taiwan-controlled Taiping island in South China Sea"
7384:
Jianming Shen (1998). Myron H. Nordquist; John Norton Moore (eds.).
7278:
Jianming Shen (1998). Myron H. Nordquist; John Norton Moore (eds.).
2472:) are mainly concentrated in the beach rocks by the way of exchange-
15913:
15907:
14666:
14605:
14560:
14555:
14515:
14415:
14380:
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13602:
13375:
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13217:
13049:
12978:
12894:
12734:
12667:
12653:
12625:
12584:
12577:
12477:
12428:
11780:
11679:
11280:
11042:
11037:
10594:
transporter airplane first landed on the island on 21 January 2008.
5590:
5470:
5446:
5438:
4945:
4934:), they were put under the governance of the Japanese authority in
4610:
4598:
4234:
4060:
3512:
2648:
2500:
2449:
2411:
2362:
2358:
2174:
1236:
659:
479:
290:
284:
149:
11452:
10835:
10722:
10679:"Vietnam Protests China Mobile Move to Disputed Islands, VNA Says"
8474:
The Law of the Sea and Northeast Asia: A Challenge for Cooperation
6964:. The Strategist: The Australian Strategic Policy Institute Blog.
5888:
A military cemetery for Vietnamese soldiers on Central London Reef
5210:
In 2010, it was reported that the former Malaysian Prime Minister
4479:
empire that ruled what was known for centuries as the Champa Sea.
4320:
Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science School
15919:
15726:
15691:
14908:
14540:
14530:
14510:
14455:
14300:
14295:
14280:
14275:
14265:
14255:
14065:
13388:
13266:
13083:
12908:
12881:
12535:
12470:
11197:
11192:
10658:
10157:
The Republic of the Philippines v. The People's Republic of China
9943:"Spratly Islands long part of Filipino-Muslim's ancestral domain"
9796:
7550:
5956:
5816:
5775:
5482:
5442:
5406:
5398:
5394:
5382:
5378:
5274:, which waged war against the Vietnamese for independence in the
5252:
4850:
In the 19th century, Europeans found that Chinese fishermen from
4821:
4487:
4420:
4400:
4052:
3925:
2652:
2524:
2441:
2429:
2403:
2379:
2342:
2195:
2028:
663:
442:
436:
7672:
6045:, a computer game set during a conflict over the Spratly Islands
5134:
administration after the defeat of the French at the end of the
5116:(also called Gạc Ma Reef in Vietnam and Yongshu Reef in China).
4680:) ‒ that is, the same as the aforementioned Chinese island name
15658:
15592:
15443:
15184:
14595:
14525:
14400:
14385:
14330:
14260:
14245:
14160:
14021:
13449:
13280:
13245:
13231:
13196:
13166:
13131:
13090:
13055:
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13006:
12992:
12915:
12867:
12818:
12790:
12783:
12769:
12716:
12695:
12674:
12640:
12542:
12521:
12500:
12493:
12456:
12449:
12403:
11167:
11162:
10962:
10957:
10041:"Sinking of Philippine Boat Puts South China Sea Back at Issue"
9196:"Taiwan to conduct live-fire Taiping Island drill in September"
7518:
7468:"Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China"
6864:
2017、5月南沙最新航拍更新】出海偶遇鲸鱼&海警船和我们的船相伴航行全记录游记来蚂蜂窝,更多南沙群岛旅游攻略最新游记
5552:
5458:
5434:
5410:
5402:
5386:
5354:
5290:
5248:
4958:
4851:
4804:
4800:
4750:
4602:
4476:
4371:
John McManus, a professor of marine biology and ecology at the
4275:
3921:
2593:
2540:
2536:
2520:
2436:
rooted detachment faults. During the Late Cretaceous and Early
2422:
2415:
2369:
1986:
1982:
691:
687:
602:
413:
407:
212:
206:
9382:"Vietnam protests Taiwan's fire drill exercise plan on island"
9341:"Vietnam protests Taiwan's fire drill exercise plan on island"
9108:"Vietnam protests Taiwan's fire drill exercise plan on island"
9088:"Vietnam protests Taiwan's fire drill exercise plan on island"
9068:"Vietnam Demands Taiwan Cancel Spratly Island Live Fire Drill"
5819:, established mobile coverage in the Spratly Islands in 2007.
4781:
15625:
14958:
14842:
14700:
14695:
14320:
14285:
14235:
14230:
14194:
BARMM – Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao
14060:
13543:
13301:
13287:
13238:
13210:
13189:
13182:
13152:
13138:
13117:
13076:
13027:
13013:
12985:
12964:
12936:
12860:
12853:
12839:
12832:
12811:
12804:
12762:
12755:
12728:
12709:
12688:
12682:
12646:
12632:
12592:
12563:
12556:
12514:
12442:
12421:
12396:
12389:
10987:
10982:
10413:"Beijing's South China Sea Claims Rejected by Hague Tribunal"
8302:
8300:
8251:, Explorations in Southeast Asian Studies, Vol.3, Fall 1999.
7922:
7323:
Ying-Yai Sheng-Lan: 'The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores
6542:
Chinese Journal of Geophysics. vol. 54, no. 6, pp. 1069–1083.
5815:
Vietnam Military Telecommunications Corp., known commonly as
5700:
5664:
5627:
5491:
5478:
5474:
5465:, and the United States; the eight in opposition were China,
5454:
5422:
5414:
5279:
5267:
5182:
4962:
4810:
4685:
4594:
4349:
3946:
2469:
2316:
2218:
2203:
2005:
757:
736:
683:
651:
639:
236:
230:
9220:"Taiwan plans live-fire drill on Taiping in South China Sea"
7565:
Qing dynasty circuit and province map from Tianxia world map
7425:"Territorial Aspects of the South China Sea Island Disputes"
6681:"China Building Aircraft Runway in Disputed Spratly Islands"
6510:
Journal of Asian Earth Science. vol. 39, no. 5, pp. 371–385.
15241:
14580:
14335:
10319:"Beijing rejects tribunal's ruling in South China Sea case"
10124:"Vietnam demands Taiwan cancel military drills in Spratlys"
9822:
9156:"Taiwan unmoved by Vietnam's protest against Taiping drill"
8228:
6526:
Chinese Journal of Geophysics. vol. 54, no. 6, pp. 921–941.
6436:. Defence Review Asia.com. 22 November 2011. Archived from
5353:. A tribunal of arbitrators constituted under Annex VII of
4889:
4589:
to have been explored by the Chinese during the Mongol-led
2656:
2426:
647:
14823:
10317:
Tom Phillips; Oliver Holmes; Owen Bowcott (12 July 2016).
9988:"Philippines backs Vietnam after China sinks fishing boat"
9728:"Why Malaysia, unlike Philippines, keeps quiet on sea row"
8297:
8033:(illustrated ed.). Taylor & Francis. p. 43.
6636:"Kết quả khảo sát bước đầu nước ngầm đảo san hô Trường Sa"
2647:, a small island in the eastern Danger Zone. A variety of
2274:
14973:
9825:"Malaysia slams China's 'provocation' in South China Sea"
8269:"Japanese Occupation South China Sea Islands - 1937-1941"
4902:. It occupied a number of the Spratly Islands, including
2179:
2165:
1861:
743:
643:
10014:"Vietnam protests China's new South China Sea districts"
8736:
Journal of East Asia International Law, V JEAIL (1) 2012
7537:
Miscellaneous Records of the South Sea Defensive Command
6289:"China Has Much to Gain From the South China Sea Ruling"
5112:
In 1988, the Vietnamese and Chinese navies engaged in a
5014:. As of 2013, Taiping Island is administered by Taiwan.
4637:) for Spratly and noted that it is located southeast of
11444:
9909:"'China Threat Theory' Drives Japanese War Legislation"
9440:"South China Sea: Vietnamese hold anti-Chinese protest"
8795:
Himmelman, Jeff; Gilbertson, Ashley (24 October 2013).
7878:. Pennsylvania State University Press. pp. 54–55.
7589:
Great Qing of 10,000-years general map of all territory
5834:
established a satellite-based cellular base station on
5327:
In 2022, Vietnam demanded that Taiwan cease conducting
5092:
In 1987, China installed a small military structure on
666:. Named after the 19th-century British whaling captain
9186:. Agence France-Presse. 12 August 2012. Archived from
8345:
8153:"Maritime Boundary Delimitation in the Gulf of Tonkin"
731:
The northeast part of the Spratly Islands is known as
7427:, in Nordquist, Myron H.; Moore, John Norton (eds.),
6712:"What China Has Been Building in the South China Sea"
6556:
Disputed South China Sea hydrocarbons in perspective.
4341:(UNEP) report said: "Sand is rarer than one thinks".
2345:
form well-defined linear trends that lie parallel to
2144:
15562:
14657:
List of cities and municipalities in the Philippines
10761:(in Spanish). Barcelona: Crítica. pp. 258–261.
10699:
China Mobile Expands Coverage to the Spratly Islands
9553:"Vietnam Law on Contested Islands Draws China's Ire"
9138:. Agence France-Presse. 1 March 2013. Archived from
9019:"Taiwan to stage live-fire drill on disputed island"
8995:"Taiwan to stage live-fire drill on disputed island"
8975:"Taiwan holds live-fire drill in Spratlys: official"
8020:
6955:
6953:
5924:
5915:
The Pearson Reef dock under Vietnam's administration
4344:
The average price of sand imported by Singapore was
10471:
9522:"Name game: PH now calls Spratly isle 'Recto Bank'"
8794:
8189:
8097:
Dictionary of Contemporary Chinese Military History
7117:
5497:
2599:Seabirds use the islands as resting, breeding, and
705:
10509:. Center for Strategic and International Studies.
10298:PCA Award, Section V(F)(d)(264, 266, 267), p. 113.
8824:
8822:
7848:The United States in Asia: A Historical Dictionary
5827:deployment over the islands took nearly one year.
5272:United Front for the Liberation of Oppressed Races
4307:solution from fishermen who had been using it for
10579:"MND admits strategic value of Spratly airstrip."
10155:"Press Release: The South China Sea Arbitration (
9823:Ben Blanchard; Richard Pullin (18 October 2015).
9800:. The Rakyat Post. 15 August 2015. Archived from
9701:. Business Mirror. 29 August 2013. Archived from
9468:(in Vietnamese). BBC News Tiếng Việt. June 2011.
7431:, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, pp. 165–166,
6959:
6950:
6502:
6500:
6156:
6059:Tomás Cloma and the Free Territory of Freedomland
5289:The Vietnamese government fears that evidence of
4641:(Paracels). When the Ming Dynasty collapsed, the
16043:
11665:List of maritime features in the Spratly Islands
11409:List of maritime features in the Spratly Islands
10149:
10147:
10039:Gutierrez, Jason; Beech, Hannah (13 June 2019).
9695:"Malaysia splits with ASEAN on China Sea threat"
9632:
9582:China Criticizes Vietnam in Dispute Over Islands
9160:Want China Times: "Knowing China through Taiwan"
8192:Sovereignty over the Paracel and Spratly Islands
7326:. White Lotus Press. pp. Appendix 1 and 2.
7120:Sovereignty Over the Paracel and Spratly Islands
6821:
6739:
6737:
6376:List of maritime features in the Spratly Islands
6001:List of maritime features in the Spratly Islands
5159:
4969:illustrated in a 1947 map of the South China Sea
4946:Conflicts in the 20th century after World War II
4845:
4796:Brunei: Part of Brunei's Exclusive Economic Zone
4482:
2255:
2241:
764:and natural gas. Economic activity has included
742:The islands are all of similar nature; they are
712:List of maritime features in the Spratly Islands
142:List of maritime features in the Spratly Islands
14956:
10288:. Permanent Court of Arbitration. 12 July 2016.
8957:. newshome.us. 5 September 2012. Archived from
8819:
8636:"Chinese ships eye 'bumper harvest' in Spratly"
8581:
8453:
8306:
8100:(illustrated ed.). ABC-CLIO. p. 180.
7975:
7973:
7971:
7969:
7737:
7735:
7733:
7731:
7729:
7727:
7346:
7006:
6358:Kingdom of Colonia St John Information Services
6354:"The History of the Kingdom of Colonia St John"
6164:[The question of Hai-nan and Paracel].
6125:"Government told of China buildup 2 months ago"
5347:United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
5024:1898 treaty Spain signed with the United States
4505:). Others however believe they referred to the
37:"Spratly" redirects here. For the surname, see
11693:
10747:
10638:Center for Strategic and International Studies
10038:
9949:
8284:
8282:
8249:Vietnamese Claims to the Truong Sa Archipelago
7594:
7506:
7490:
6962:"Why Malaysia isn't afraid of China (for now)"
6633:
6610:
6497:
6152:
6150:
4923:
4575:) were given, interpreted by some to refer to
690:, the Philippines, and Vietnam. Additionally,
16152:Territorial disputes of the Republic of China
15711:
15548:
14942:
14809:
13980:
13361:
12332:
11468:
10851:
10628:
10626:
10588:(MND is the ROC Ministry of National Defense)
10277:
10275:
10273:
10144:
9725:
9666:
9635:"Malaysia's Mahathir says China is no threat"
9466:"Người Việt biểu tình chống TQ ở Los Angeles"
9338:
8307:Morley, James W.; Nishihara, Masashi (1997).
8090:
8026:
7422:
7383:
7277:
6920:
6918:
6916:
6914:
6885:"Sea Turtles at Dungsha Tao, South China Sea"
6734:
6473:Chaney, Ronald C.publisher=CRC Press (2020).
6286:
6264:
6262:
5145:In 1999, a Philippine navy ship (Number 57 –
4929:
4632:
4618:
4562:
4553:
4540:
2302:
2114:
2100:
654:, the archipelago lies off the coasts of the
559:
14166:CAR – Cordillera Administrative Region
14116:Mimaropa – Southwestern Tagalog Region
10781:The Spratly Islands dispute: who's on first?
10606:"Air Force to repair Pagasa Island airstrip"
10501:
10499:
9132:"Taiwan to hold live-fire drill in Spratlys"
8667:"Taiwan sticks to its guns, to U.S. chagrin"
8429:"Taiwan's Power Grab in the South China Sea"
7966:
7872:Fowler, Michael; Bunck, Julie Marie (1995).
7724:
6591:
6550:
6548:
6534:
6532:
5571:Military use only. No refueling facilities.
5230:The editorial of the Taiwanese news website
11424:Territorial disputes in the South China Sea
10603:
9550:
8279:
7871:
7273:
7271:
7269:
6558:Marine Policy. vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 809–822.
6518:
6516:
6506:Hutchison, C. S., and V. R. Vijayan, 2010,
6147:
6049:Territorial disputes in the South China Sea
4782:Military conflicts and diplomatic dialogues
2503:. Larger islands are capable of supporting
122:Territorial disputes in the South China Sea
27:Disputed archipelago in the South China Sea
15718:
15704:
15555:
15541:
14949:
14935:
14816:
14802:
13987:
13973:
13368:
13354:
12339:
12325:
11475:
11461:
10858:
10844:
10623:
10270:
8537:
8508:
8506:
8466:
8464:
8462:
8229:Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia 2008
8213:
8211:
8086:
8084:
7319:
6911:
6259:
5114:skirmish in the area of Johnson South Reef
4330:Provincial People's Committee of Vietnam.
566:
552:
15858:* Not a formal administrative subdivision
10496:
10435:
9318:Carpenter, Ted Galen (28 February 2013).
9317:
9292:
9268:Carpenter, Ted Galen (28 February 2013).
9267:
9243:Carpenter, Ted Galen (28 February 2013).
9242:
8924:"Rethinking the US-China-Taiwan triangle"
8831:"Taiwan pours cement on maritime dispute"
8383:The Spratly Islands and International Law
8157:Ocean Development & International Law
8027:Bateman, Sam; Emmers, Ralf, eds. (2008).
7944:"China fishing boats cordon off Spratlys"
7668:
7666:
6990:. Chan Robles Law Library. 11 June 1978.
6545:
6529:
6378:for information about individual islands.
6270:"Why is the South China Sea contentious?"
5010:'s sudden claim to the island as part of
4994:supported China's authority. The Chinese
10307:PCA Award, Section V(F)(d)(278), p. 117.
9670:Malaysia Breaks Ranks on South China Sea
8766:"Second Thomas Shoal Tensions Intensify"
8698:"US toe-dipping muddies South China Sea"
8664:
7979:
7741:
7315:
7313:
7266:
7200:
6597:Blanche, J. B. and J. D. Blanche, 1997,
6513:
6162:"La question de Hai-nan et des Paracels"
5036:
4949:
4890:Conflicts in the 20th century until 1945
4719:
4655:
4647:
4486:
4410:
4386:
3906:area contains many other reefs. Legend:
2315:
715:
104:Spratly Islands military occupations map
16147:Territorial disputes of the Philippines
11685:List of airports in the Spratly Islands
11404:List of airports in the Spratly Islands
9602:"Mahathir: China no threat to Malaysia"
8859:
8828:
8593:
8515:"Buffer benefits in Spratly initiative"
8503:
8459:
8208:
8132:
8081:
7898:
7892:
7819:
7780:
7643:
7641:
7639:
7530:
6783:
6709:
6554:Owen, N. A. and C. H. Schofield, 2012,
5509:List of airports in the Spratly Islands
4688:, Vietnamese maps record Bãi Cát Vàng (
254:Gaven Reefs, Nanxun Reef and Xinan Reef
146:List of airports in the Spratly Islands
56:
14:
16044:
12209:Designation of the West Philippine Sea
10831:Wikimedia Atlas of the Spratly Islands
10472:Jun Mai; Shi Jiangtao (12 July 2016).
10392:from the original on 13 September 2017
9772:from the original on 29 September 2015
9442:. BBC News Asia-Pacific. 5 June 2011.
9025:. Press Trust of India. 1 March 2013.
9001:. Agence France-Presse. 1 March 2013.
8921:
8862:"Taiwan circling South China Sea bait"
8726:
8150:
7941:
7923:International Boundaries Research Unit
7907:
7865:
7844:
7663:
7655:Dispute over the Paracels and Spratlys
7577:Great Qing of 10,000-years Tianxia map
7207:, University of Hawaii Press, p.
7043:from the original on 27 September 2019
6980:
6678:
6472:
6397:, Ministry of Civil Affairs of the PRC
6054:Territories claimed by the Philippines
5996:List of islands in the South China Sea
5361:(PCA) as registry to the proceedings.
4668:, which are considered as Spratly and
2519:(Itu Aba) was reportedly covered with
749:The Spratly Islands contain almost no
15699:
15536:
14930:
14797:
13968:
13349:
12799:South Tibet/Part of Arunachal Pradesh
12778:Sixty-Four Villages East of the River
12320:
11456:
11443:
10839:
10668:(video part 1 of 2), 14 November 2009
10410:
10219:
10201:from the original on 14 December 2016
9955:
9919:(38–5). Translated by Rumi Sakamoto.
9913:The Asia-Pacific Journal: Japan Focus
9906:
9869:
9502:from the original on 30 December 2011
9363:
9293:Carpenter, Ted Galen (4 March 2013).
8695:
8671:STRATFOR's Global Intelligence Update
8633:
8620:Chanda, Nayan. "Treacherous Shoals."
8190:Chemillier-Gendreau, Monique (2000).
7524:Comprehensive Public Memorial Records
7478:from the original on 20 December 2008
7310:
7118:Chemillier-Gendreau, Monique (2000).
7069:from the original on 20 February 2020
7012:
6899:from the original on 21 December 2016
6882:
6722:from the original on 23 February 2017
6522:Wei-Weil, D., and L, Jia-Biao, 2011,
6217:
6215:
6213:
6211:
6209:
6207:
6205:
6203:
6201:
6199:
5799:
4613:'s voyage of the early 15th century,
2677:
2667:are also present around the islands.
650:, sometimes grouped in submerged old
220:Louisa Reef-Semarang Barat Kecil Reef
14776:Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao
10659:Kalayaan Islands of Palawan Province
10347:
9923:from the original on 16 October 2015
9875:
9633:Kazuto Tsukamoto (9 November 2011).
9351:from the original on 16 October 2015
8922:Womack, Brantly (14 February 2013).
8763:
8563:from the original on 24 January 2015
8435:from the original on 1 February 2014
8288:
7983:War Or Peace in the South China Sea?
7954:from the original on 25 January 2014
7647:
7636:
7404:from the original on 16 October 2015
7236:
6579:from the original on 17 October 2013
6434:"Slow progress on capability growth"
6135:from the original on 2 November 2013
6122:
4878:area only not anywhere beyond that.
4660:An 1838 Unified Dai Nam map marking
4339:United Nations Environment Programme
14171:NCR – National Capital Region
13336:1: Divided among multiple claimants
12174:Philippines and the Spratly Islands
11675:Royal Malaysian Navy Offshore Bases
11482:
11445:Articles related to Spratly Islands
11414:Philippines and the Spratly Islands
10865:
10191:"Timeline: South China Sea dispute"
10164:. PCA. 12 July 2016. Archived from
9907:Taoka, Shunji (21 September 2015).
9326:from the original on 6 October 2014
9041:
8890:
8807:from the original on 27 August 2017
8646:from the original on 6 October 2012
8543:
8512:
8491:from the original on 1 January 2016
8470:
8346:Das, Darshana & Lotha, Gloria.
8327:from the original on 1 January 2016
8114:from the original on 1 January 2016
7875:Law, Power, and the Sovereign State
7801:from the original on 1 January 2016
7762:from the original on 1 January 2016
6960:Shahriman Lockman (24 April 2013).
6408:"PASUKAN GUGUSAN SEMARANG PENINJAU"
6320:
6016:Philippines and the Spratly Islands
5334:
2320:A geographic map of Spratly Islands
154:Royal Malaysian Navy Offshore Bases
126:Philippines and the Spratly Islands
24:
16067:Archipelagoes of the Pacific Ocean
16020:Township-level divisions of Hainan
15871:
10715:
10121:
10077:from the original on 14 April 2020
10051:from the original on 22 April 2020
10020:from the original on 22 April 2020
9994:from the original on 23 April 2020
9532:from the original on 7 August 2011
9162:. 5 September 2012. Archived from
9094:from the original on 25 March 2014
9070:. Bloomberg News. 23 August 2012.
8776:from the original on 17 March 2014
8602:from the original on 15 March 2016
8513:Lin, Cheng-yi (22 February 2008).
8376:
8047:from the original on 24 April 2016
7152:from the original on 21 March 2014
7095:. www.spratlys.org. Archived from
6938:from the original on 22 March 2016
6569:"Q&A: South China Sea dispute"
6299:from the original on 28 April 2017
6247:from the original on 10 April 2016
6196:
2603:sites. Species found here include
465:Cornwallis South Reef, Nui Le Reef
387:Second Thomas Shoal, Ayungin Shoal
367:Loaita Cay, Melchora Aquino Island
323:Swallow Reef, Layang-Layang Island
313:Investigator Shoal, Peninjau Shoal
186:Johnson South Reef skirmish (1988)
130:Dangerous Ground (South China Sea)
25:
16193:
14639:List of cities in the Philippines
11419:Republic of Morac-Songhrati-Meads
10819:
10805:Menon, Rajan (11 September 2012)
10577:was completed in December 2007, (
10513:from the original on 15 July 2024
10484:from the original on 15 July 2016
10453:from the original on 20 June 2018
10423:from the original on 12 July 2016
10362:from the original on 17 June 2018
10329:from the original on 12 July 2016
10258:from the original on 21 July 2016
10232:from the original on 13 July 2016
10095:
9740:from the original on 27 June 2014
9446:from the original on 13 June 2018
9420:from the original on 31 July 2016
9320:"Taiwan Challenges Its Neighbors"
9295:"Taiwan Challenges Its Neighbors"
9270:"Taiwan Challenges Its Neighbors"
9245:"Taiwan Challenges Its Neighbors"
9090:. thanhniennews. 27 August 2012.
8696:Sisci, Francesco (29 June 2010).
8008:from the original on 3 April 2014
7824:. UK: Methuen. pp. 168–172.
7703:from the original on 12 June 2018
7699:. National Library of Australia.
7624:from the original on 3 March 2009
7549:Qing dynasty provincial map from
7182:from the original on 2 March 2014
7025:from the original on 15 May 2016.
7013:Clark, Colin (18 November 2015).
6873:. Retrieved on September 25, 2017
6759:"中国海南赴南沙捕捞船队遇海豚领航 – 中国新闻 – 纽约华人网"
5152:) was purposely run aground near
5102:Global Sea Level Observing System
4772:Republic of Morac-Songhrati-Meads
4734:A correct chart of the China Seas
3898:Location of the major islands in
490:Southwest Cay, Song Tu Tay Island
158:Republic of Morac-Songhrati-Meads
16142:Territorial disputes of Malaysia
16087:Archipelagoes of the Philippines
14176:NIR – Negros Island Region
14042:
14035:
13995:
13448:
13314:
13307:
13300:
13286:
13279:
13265:
13258:
13251:
13244:
13237:
13230:
13216:
13209:
13195:
13188:
13181:
13165:
13158:
13151:
13137:
13130:
13116:
13109:
13089:
13082:
13075:
13061:
13054:
13040:
13033:
13026:
13012:
13005:
12991:
12984:
12977:
12963:
12956:
12942:
12935:
12928:
12914:
12907:
12893:
12886:
12866:
12859:
12852:
12838:
12831:
12817:
12810:
12803:
12789:
12782:
12768:
12761:
12754:
12740:
12733:
12715:
12708:
12694:
12687:
12673:
12666:
12652:
12645:
12631:
12624:
12604:
12597:
12583:
12576:
12562:
12555:
12541:
12534:
12520:
12513:
12499:
12492:
12476:
12469:
12455:
12448:
12441:
12427:
12420:
12402:
12395:
12388:
12299:
11191:
11161:
11086:
11036:
10981:
10956:
10825:
10724:Geopolitics of Scarborough Shoal
10691:
10671:
10652:
10597:
10567:
10541:
10525:
10465:
10404:
10374:
10341:
10310:
10301:
10292:
10244:
10213:
10183:
10115:
10089:
10063:
10032:
10006:
9980:
9968:from the original on 17 May 2020
9935:
9900:
9847:
9816:
9784:
9752:
9719:
9681:from the original on 17 May 2014
9667:Haslinda Amin (29 August 2013).
9659:
9626:
9594:
9575:
9544:
9514:
9484:
9472:from the original on 25 May 2012
9458:
9432:
9406:
9392:from the original on 17 May 2014
9339:thanhniennews (27 August 2012).
9305:from the original on 17 May 2014
9280:from the original on 17 May 2014
9255:from the original on 17 May 2014
9230:from the original on 17 May 2014
9206:from the original on 17 May 2014
9118:from the original on 17 May 2014
9074:from the original on 17 May 2014
9054:from the original on 17 May 2014
9029:from the original on 17 May 2014
9005:from the original on 17 May 2014
8946:
8915:
8884:
8853:
8829:Kastner, Jens (10 August 2012).
8788:
8757:
8727:Nguyen, Hong Thao (4 May 2012).
8720:
8385:, Brill Nijhoff, pp. 1–12,
8377:Ma, Xuechan (20 November 2021),
8358:from the original on 20 May 2015
8151:Keyuan, Zou (15 December 2010).
7914:Borneo Post: When All Else Fails
7851:. Greenwood Press. p. 285.
7358:. 32/33: 109–128. Archived from
7298:from the original on 10 May 2016
7225:from the original on 21 May 2016
6994:from the original on 17 May 2012
6968:from the original on 17 May 2014
6691:from the original on 15 May 2017
6334:from the original on 18 May 2015
6184:from the original on 5 June 2018
5955:
5941:
5927:
5908:
5893:
5881:
5866:
5848:
5768:
5730:
5693:
5657:
5620:
5583:
5545:
5498:Transportation and communication
5322:freedom of navigation operations
4268:
4227:
4045:
3984:
3939:
3914:
3884:
3872:
3865:
3853:
3846:
3834:
3827:
3815:
3808:
3796:
3784:
3777:
3765:
3758:
3746:
3739:
3727:
3720:
3708:
3701:
3689:
3682:
3670:
3663:
3651:
3644:
3632:
3625:
3613:
3606:
3594:
3587:
3575:
3568:
3556:
3549:
3537:
3530:
3518:
3511:
3499:
3492:
3480:
3473:
3461:
3454:
3442:
3435:
3423:
3416:
3404:
3397:
3385:
3378:
3366:
3359:
3347:
3340:
3328:
3321:
3309:
3302:
3290:
3283:
3271:
3264:
3252:
3245:
3233:
3226:
3214:
3207:
3195:
3188:
3176:
3169:
3157:
3150:
3138:
3131:
3119:
3112:
3100:
3093:
3081:
3074:
3062:
3055:
3043:
3036:
3024:
3017:
3005:
2998:
2986:
2979:
2967:
2960:
2948:
2941:
2929:
2922:
2910:
2903:
2891:
2884:
2872:
2865:
2853:
2699:
2692:
2685:
1789:
756:Natural resources include fish,
706:Geographic and economic overview
495:Spratly Island, Truong Sa Island
485:Sin Cowe Island, Sinh Ton Island
435:
406:
332:
283:
229:
205:
98:
55:
48:
16157:Territorial disputes of Vietnam
16122:Landforms of Khánh Hòa province
16072:Archipelagoes of Southeast Asia
14864:West Philippine Sea designation
10721:Bonnet, François-Xavier (2012)
9610:. 27 April 2010. Archived from
9563:from the original on 8 May 2017
8764:Keck, Zachary (13 March 2014).
8689:
8658:
8627:
8614:
8587:
8575:
8549:
8447:
8421:
8405:
8370:
8261:
8241:
8183:
8144:
8126:
8059:
7935:
7838:
7822:Contest for the South China Sea
7813:
7784:Contest for the South China Sea
7774:
7715:
7685:
7606:
7601:Great Qing tianxia overview map
7582:
7570:
7558:
7542:
7460:
7416:
7377:
7340:
7194:
7164:
7136:
7111:
7081:
7055:
7029:
6876:
6856:
6815:
6777:
6751:
6710:Watkins, Derek (30 July 2015).
6703:
6672:
6650:
6627:
6604:
6561:
6466:
6452:
6426:
6400:
6388:民政部关于国务院批准设立地级三沙市的公告-中华人民共和国民政部
6381:
6368:
6123:Anda, Redempto (17 July 2012).
6076:
2219:
2204:
2180:
2166:
1651:Vietnam (Trường Sa Đông Island)
264:Johnson South Reef, Chigua Reef
78:Location of the Spratly Islands
16132:Territorial disputes of Brunei
16062:Islands of the South China Sea
14675:Lists of barangays by province
14141:IX – Zamboanga Peninsula
13381:Vietnamese South Central Coast
12159:History of the Spratly Islands
10807:"Worry about Asia, Not Europe"
10778:and Clive H.Schofield. (1996)
10744:Press, Carlisle, Pennsylvania.
10220:Beech, Hannah (11 July 2016).
9726:Camille Diola (25 June 2014).
8860:Kastner, Jens (13 June 2012).
8094:; Higham, Robin D. S. (1999).
7250:. 18 June 2014. Archived from
6679:Perlez, Jane (17 April 2015).
6346:
6311:
6287:Mark E. Rosen (18 July 2016).
6280:
6233:
6116:
5873:Young Vietnamese residents of
5359:Permanent Court of Arbitration
4930:
4554:
4541:
4501:
2479:
2256:
2145:
2115:
2101:
1545:Vietnam (Sinh Tồn Đông Island)
607:
426:Itu Aba Island, Taiping Island
397:West York Island, Likas Island
318:Mariveles Reef, Mantanani Reef
249:Fiery Cross Reef, Yongshu Reef
138:History of the Spratly Islands
18:History of the Spratly Islands
13:
1:
16137:Territorial disputes of China
12750:Parigas region/Demchok sector
12215:Hai Yang Shi You 981 standoff
12185:Battle of the Paracel Islands
11392:Free Territory of Freedomland
10881:Southwest Cay incident (1975)
10758:La silenciosa conquista china
10348:Chow, Jermyn (12 July 2016).
9042:Yeh, Joseph (23 April 2013).
8893:"US goes fishing for trouble"
8133:Pedrozo, Raul (Pete) (2014).
7942:Romero, Alexis (8 May 2013).
6926:"Sand, rarer than one thinks"
6508:What are the Spratly Islands?
6098:in Chinese, part of the same
6064:
5264:an invasion of Champa in 1471
5244:newspaper supported Vietnam.
5160:Conflicts in the 21st century
5055:Socialist Republic of Vietnam
4846:Conflicts in the 19th century
4483:Early records and cartography
4453:Free Territory of Freedomland
2494:
2468:Phosphates from bird faeces (
1386:Malaysia (Layang-Layang Reef)
475:Namyit Island, Nam Yet Island
178:Southwest Cay incident (1975)
162:Free Territory of Freedomland
16057:Disputed territories in Asia
14136:VIII – Eastern Visayas
11346:Northeast Investigator Shoal
10730:Bouchat, Clarence J. (2013)
10697:Ian Mansfield, 18 May 2011,
10604:Bong Lozada (18 June 2014).
10411:Perez, Jane (12 July 2016).
9551:Jane Perlez (21 June 2012).
8797:"A game of shark and minnow"
8673:. Asia Times. Archived from
8634:Malig, Jojo (17 July 2012).
8313:. M.E. Sharpe. p. 124.
7980:Kivimäki, Timo, ed. (2002).
7501:Yuan Dynasty Territorial Map
7122:. Kluwer Law International.
6931:. 1 March 2014. p. 41.
6883:Cheng, I-Jiunn (July 1995).
6837:(1): 221–231. Archived from
6109:
5205:National Assembly of Vietnam
5041:Territorial monument of the
4762:government representing the
4475:people that founded the Old
2382:rocks, intermediate to acid
1118:Vietnam (Song Tử Tây Island)
519:Northeast Investigator Shoal
382:Northeast Cay, Parola Island
377:Nanshan Island, Lawak Island
244:Cuarteron Reef, Huayang Reef
7:
15725:
15206:Interior and water features
14737:Formally proposed provinces
14146:X – Northern Mindanao
14131:VII – Central Visayas
12197:Johnson South Reef skirmish
10892:Johnson South Reef Skirmish
10738:Strategic Studies Institute
9876:Bray, Adam (16 June 2014).
8899:. p. 2. Archived from
8891:Lee, Peter (29 July 2010).
8622:Far Eastern Economic Review
8582:Morley & Nishihara 1997
8454:Morley & Nishihara 1997
7787:. UK: Methuen. p. 81.
7390:. Brill. pp. 156–159.
7284:. Brill. pp. 168–169.
6831:Raffles Bulletin of Zoology
6634:Tran Duc Thanh (May 1994).
6611:Tran Duc Thanh (May 1994).
5981:Johnson South Reef Skirmish
5920:
5756:Dual-use concrete airport.
5718:Dual-use concrete airport.
5682:Dual-use concrete airport.
5646:Dual-use concrete airport.
5609:Dual-use concrete airport.
5502:
5057:(successor state after the
5002:due to their losses in the
4672:by some Vietnamese scholars
4579:and Spratly respectively.
4405:South China Sea Arbitration
2554:
1925:926 km (575.4 mi)
1757:Philippines (Panata Island)
1065:Philippines (Parola Island)
906:Philippines (Pagasa Island)
450:Amboyna Cay, An Bang Island
392:Thitu Island, Pagasa Island
10:
16198:
14909:Miangas / Island of Palmas
14161:XIII – Caraga Region
14126:VI – Western Visayas
14033:
12530:Jiangxinpo/Northern Kachin
12203:Scarborough Shoal standoff
10122:Vu, Minh (12 March 2022).
9492:"It's West Philippine Sea"
7742:Severino, Rodolfo (2011).
5858:Heliotropium foertherianum
5841:
5701:People's Republic of China
5665:People's Republic of China
5628:People's Republic of China
5506:
5338:
4991:San Francisco Peace Treaty
4785:
4382:
4292:of natural resources, and
3947:People's Republic of China
2456:
2324:
1971:People's Republic of China
1704:Philippines (Patag Island)
1226:Philippines (Lawak Island)
1012:Vietnam (Trường Sa Island)
959:Philippines (Likas Island)
709:
421:Centre Cay, Zhongzhou Reef
372:Loaita Island, Kota Island
362:Lankiam Cay, Panata Island
357:Irving Reef, Balagtas Reef
347:Commodore Reef, Rizal Reef
36:
29:
16015:
15968:
15935:
15892:
15883:
15869:
15856:
15792:
15733:
15690:
15657:
15624:
15591:
15580:
15571:
15493:
15460:
15442:
15395:
15344:
15335:
15312:
15259:
15240:
15212:
15205:
15183:
15135:
15079:
15061:
14972:
14965:
14901:
14835:
14755:
14729:
14688:
14665:
14647:
14629:
14206:
14184:
14106:III – Central Luzon
14101:II – Cagayan Valley
14088:
14079:
14051:
14012:
13955:
13870:
13764:
13703:
13654:
13593:
13528:
13457:
13446:
13387:
13332:
13105:Parangcho / Dingyan Islet
12488:Bolshoy Ussuriysky Island
12371:
12366:
12294:
12251:Paracel Islands Airports
12224:
12146:
12113:
12090:
12074:
12044:
12023:
11965:
11893:
11857:
11826:
11704:
11655:
11622:
11597:
11569:
11531:
11522:
11490:
11450:
11379:
11323:
11189:
11159:
11084:
11034:
10979:
10954:
10947:
10901:
10873:
10794:Hogan, C. Michael (2011)
10610:Philippine Daily Inquirer
9956:Chaudhury, Dipanjan Roy.
9831:. Reuters. Archived from
9591:, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
8665:STRATFOR (14 July 1999).
7201:Thurgood, Graham (1999),
6869:23 September 2017 at the
6822:Ponnampalam S.L. (2012).
6223:"South China Sea Islands"
5971:Coral triangle initiative
5130:government took over the
4924:
4633:
4619:
4563:
4496:
2310:
2296:
2291:
2282:Gugusan Semarang Peninjau
2268:
2263:
2249:
2235:
2230:
2211:
2194:
2187:
2173:
2159:
2152:
2138:
2131:
2126:
2122:
2108:
2094:
2089:
2085:
2080:
2060:
2053:
2041:
2034:
2018:
2011:
1999:
1992:
1976:
1969:
1959:
1952:
1947:
1937:
1929:
1921:
1913:
1867:
1856:
1819:
1809:
1804:
1800:
1788:
1780:
1598:Vietnam (Đá Tây A Island)
1333:Philippines (Kota Island)
1172:Vietnam (Sinh Tồn Island)
598:
460:Collins Reef, Co Lin Reef
352:Flat Island, Patag Island
269:Mischief Reef, Meiji Reef
259:Hughes Reef, Dongmen Reef
16167:Disputed islands of Asia
16097:Archipelagoes of Vietnam
14156:XII – Soccsksargen
14002:Administrative divisions
13175:Senkaku/Diaoyu/Tiaoyutai
12262:Spratly Islands Airports
10478:South China Morning Post
9882:National Geographic News
9364:(AFP) (12 August 2012).
8624:. 13 August 1992: p14-17
7820:Samuels, Marwyn (1982).
7781:Samuels, Marwyn (1982).
7650:China's War with Vietnam
7513:
7347:Ulises Granados (2006).
6889:Marine Turtle Newsletter
6069:
5331:at the Spratly Islands.
5073:, sent a formal note to
4583:is also recorded in the
4545:) and the "Ten-Thousand
4415:The Spratlys labeled as
2275:
2096:Traditional Chinese
1492:Vietnam (An Bang Island)
1439:Vietnam (Nam Yết Island)
182:East Sea Campaign (1975)
30:Not to be confused with
16092:Archipelagoes of Taiwan
16077:Maritime Southeast Asia
14721:Special Geographic Area
14151:XI – Davao Region
14111:IV-A – Calabarzon
14096:I – Ilocos Region
14026:National Capital Region
12169:Spratly Islands dispute
11387:Spratly Islands dispute
10815:, Issue: Sept–Oct 2012.
10586:. 6 January 2006. p. 2
10254:. PCA. 27 August 2013.
8594:Thao Vi (2 June 2014).
8352:Encyclopædia Britannica
8310:Vietnam Joins the World
8234:31 October 2009 at the
8223:29 October 2009 at the
8169:10.1080/009083299276177
7928:18 October 2009 at the
7093:History of the Spratlys
6178:10.3406/polit.1939.5631
6036:Spratly Islands dispute
6031:South China Sea Islands
5371:exclusive economic zone
5303:Treaty of Paris in 1898
5000:Chinese Communist Party
4788:Spratly Islands dispute
4732:An early European map,
4698:The Frontier Chronicles
4627:(海語, On the Sea), uses
4294:environmental pollution
2337:known by geologists as
2110:Simplified Chinese
1917:200 ha (490 acres)
1279:Vietnam (Sơn Ca Island)
852:Taiwan (Taiping Island)
696:exclusive economic zone
638:. Composed of islands,
587:
480:Sand Cay, Son Ca Island
298:Ardasier Reef, Ubi Reef
118:Spratly Islands dispute
86:Part of a series on the
16117:Landforms of Kaohsiung
16082:Archipelagoes of China
15877:
15564:County-level divisions
14957:Physical geography of
14121:V – Bicol Region
12191:Southwest Cay incident
10575:Taiping Island Airport
8471:Pak, Hŭi-gwŏn (2000).
8238:. All Rights Reserved.
7845:Shavit, David (1990).
7499:geographical records:
7423:Jianming Shen (1998),
6229:. World Wildlife Fund.
6227:Terrestrial Ecoregions
6021:Philippine Coast Guard
5558:Taiping Island Airport
5062:
4970:
4725:
4673:
4653:
4601:, and parts of modern
4549:of Stone Pools/Beds" (
4514:
4431:
4417:"Los Bajos de Paragua"
4408:
2609:Calonectris leucomelas
2586:Eretmochelys imbricata
2321:
2303:
2242:
1930:Highest elevation
721:
624:
616:
308:Erica Reef, Siput Reef
303:Dallas Reef, Laya Reef
15875:
14889:Philippine activities
14711:Legislative districts
14441:Maguindanao del Norte
12848:Trans-Karakoram Tract
11933:Cornwallis South Reef
11236:Cornwallis South Reef
10812:The National Interest
10800:Encyclopedia of Earth
10704:16 March 2012 at the
10283:"PCA Case Nº 2013–19"
9768:. 27 September 2015.
9345:Vietnam Breaking News
9274:The National Interest
9249:The National Interest
7039:. 20 September 2019.
6479:. CRC Press. p.
5596:Layang-Layang Airport
5235:"behind the scenes".
5040:
4953:
4870:decided to hand over
4816:Philippines: Part of
4786:Further information:
4723:
4659:
4651:
4531:, the name "Thousand
4490:
4473:Austronesian-speaking
4414:
4403:. It was used in the
4390:
4121:Cornwallis South Reef
2590:critically endangered
2319:
1978:Prefecture-level city
1933:4 m (13 ft)
794:Currently occupied by
719:
710:Further information:
274:Subi Reef, Zhubi Reef
14869:PCA arbitration case
14706:List of primary LGUs
12348:Territorial disputes
12179:Battle of Leyte Gulf
12154:Territorial disputes
12138:Tambelan Archipelago
11241:Discovery Great Reef
10749:Cardenal, Juan Pablo
10664:14 June 2014 at the
10538:on February 9, 2018)
9888:on 24 September 2014
9804:on 29 September 2015
9587:23 June 2012 at the
9322:. LibertyVoter.org.
8255:2 April 2013 at the
7254:on 24 September 2014
6393:25 June 2012 at the
6090:is wrongly labelled
5806:Smart Communications
5341:Philippines v. China
5224:Hishammuddin Hussein
4987:Potsdam Declarations
4145:Prince of Wales Bank
4105:Discovery Great Reef
2357:that is composed of
2304:Kapuluan ng Kalayaan
2181:nam4 saa1 kwun4 dou2
646:, and more than 100
588:Kapuluan ng Kalayaan
455:Bombay Castle, Ba Ke
195:Military occupations
75:class=notpageimage|
16107:Islands of Malaysia
15970:Autonomous counties
15894:County-level cities
14825:Territories claimed
14741:Autonomous regions
14611:Zamboanga del Norte
14446:Maguindanao del Sur
13872:Quảng Ngãi province
13664:Phan Rang–Tháp Chàm
13656:Ninh Thuận province
13530:Bình Thuận province
12952:Ieodo / Suyan Islet
12903:Bạch Long Vĩ Island
12031:Royal Captain Shoal
11978:Central London Reef
11885:Second Thomas Shoal
11680:Vietnamese DK1 rigs
11351:Royal Captain Shoal
11324:Unoccupied features
11226:Central London Reef
11141:Second Thomas Shoal
10742:US Army War College
9859:17 May 2014 at the
9733:The Philippine Star
9673:(video). First Up.
9299:Real Clear Politics
8934:on 14 February 2013
8598:. Thanh Nien News.
7948:The Philippine Star
7320:J.V. Mills (1970).
7248:National Geographic
7178:. 13 January 2014.
7019:breakingdefense.com
6440:on 19 December 2014
6166:Politique étrangère
6129:Philippine Inquirer
5991:Kingdom of Humanity
5433:, the Philippines,
5329:live fire exercises
5311:West Philippine Sea
5194:West Philippine Sea
5154:Second Thomas Shoal
5136:First Indochina War
5069:'s prime minister,
5045:(South Vietnam) on
5043:Republic of Vietnam
4872:Bạch Long Vĩ Island
4535:Stretch of Sands" (
4399:and islands off of
4373:University of Miami
4316:University of Miami
4167:Prince Consort Bank
4085:Central London Reef
2605:streaked shearwater
1837: /
1795:The Spratly Islands
1777:
1739: /
1686: /
1633: /
1608:Central London Reef
1580: /
1527: /
1474: /
1421: /
1368: /
1315: /
1261: /
1208: /
1154: /
1100: /
1047: /
994: /
941: /
888: /
834: /
720:The Spratly Islands
524:Royal Captain Shoal
470:Ladd Reef, Lat Reef
150:Vietnamese DK1 rigs
16112:Islands of Palawan
16025:Politics of Hainan
15878:
15800:Sandou Subdistrict
14716:Metropolitan areas
14689:Other subdivisions
14501:Occidental Mindoro
14461:Misamis Occidental
13766:Quảng Nam province
13595:Khánh Hòa province
13459:Bình Định province
12437:Bhutanese exclaves
12375:Islands and waters
12115:Tudjuh Archipelago
11948:Investigator Shoal
11916:Johnson South Reef
11870:First Thomas Shoal
11849:Third Thomas Shoal
11670:Great Wall of Sand
11513:South Vereker Bank
11506:North Vereker Bank
11398:Great Wall of Sand
11361:Third Thomas Shoal
11331:First Thomas Shoal
11216:Barque Canada Reef
11066:Investigator Shoal
11016:Johnson South Reef
10634:"Vietnam Responds"
10417:The New York Times
10045:The New York Times
9962:The Economic Times
9835:on 19 October 2015
9557:The New York Times
9388:. 23 August 2012.
9301:. Cato Institute.
9276:. Cato Institute.
9226:. 21 August 2012.
9202:. 21 August 2012.
9114:. 23 August 2012.
8801:The New York Times
8584:, pp. 126–127
8525:on 19 October 2013
8456:, pp. 125–126
7356:East Asian History
6765:on 5 February 2016
6716:The New York Times
6685:The New York Times
6096:Johnson South Reef
5976:Great Wall of Sand
5830:In 2013, Taiwan's
5800:Telecommunications
5297:in a war in 1832.
5203:In July 2012, the
5063:
5051:Phước Tuy Province
4975:surrender of Japan
4971:
4938:on 30 March 1939.
4884:Die Paracel‐Inseln
4840:Khánh Hòa Province
4809:Malaysia: Part of
4743:China Sea, Sheet 1
4726:
4674:
4654:
4515:
4432:
4409:
4377:artificial islands
4354:Johnson South Reef
4255:Investigator Shoal
4093:Barque Canada Reef
4036:Second Thomas Reef
2678:Ecological hazards
2629:great crested tern
2347:magnetic anomalies
2322:
2243:Quần đảo Trường Sa
1938:Highest point
1775:
1743:10.717°N 114.533°E
1690:10.817°N 115.817°E
1425:10.183°N 114.367°E
1319:10.667°N 114.417°E
1265:10.383°N 114.467°E
1212:10.750°N 115.817°E
1104:11.433°N 114.333°E
1051:11.467°N 114.350°E
945:11.083°N 115.017°E
892:11.050°N 114.283°E
838:10.383°N 114.350°E
766:commercial fishing
722:
625:Quần đảo Trường Sa
134:Great Wall of Sand
16102:Islands of Brunei
16039:
16038:
16033:
16032:
16011:
16010:
16003:Qiongzhong County
15983:Changjiang County
15867:
15866:
15863:
15862:
15530:
15529:
15526:
15525:
15438:
15437:
15252:(Bukit Tengkorak)
15201:
15200:
14924:
14923:
14874:Scarborough Shoal
14791:
14790:
14621:Zamboanga Sibugay
14616:Zamboanga del Sur
14586:Surigao del Norte
14476:Negros Occidental
14471:Mountain Province
14202:
14201:
13962:
13961:
13343:
13342:
13327:
13326:
13147:Scarborough Shoal
13022:Macclesfield Bank
12924:Dokdo / Takeshima
12485:Part of Heixiazi/
12412:Jammu and Kashmir
12314:
12313:
12306:Oceans portal
12070:
12069:
11961:
11960:
11712:North Danger Reef
11647:Scarborough Shoal
11635:Macclesfield Bank
11618:
11617:
11437:
11436:
11319:
11318:
10948:Occupied features
10924:North Danger Reef
10886:East Sea Campaign
10796:"South China Sea"
10790:978-1-897643-23-5
10776:Dzurek, Daniel J.
10768:978-84-9892-257-8
10753:Araújo, Heriberto
10640:. 1 December 2016
10355:The Straits Times
9829:Channel News Asia
9640:The Asahi Shimbun
9376:on 25 March 2014.
9190:on 25 March 2014.
9142:on 24 August 2014
8981:on 14 August 2014
8928:Asia Times Online
8897:Asia Times Online
8866:Asia Times Online
8835:Asia Times Online
8702:Asia Times Online
8519:Asia Times Online
8484:978-90-411-1407-5
8392:978-90-04-50433-2
8348:"Spratly Islands"
8320:978-0-7656-3306-4
8273:combinedfleet.com
8201:978-90-411-1381-8
8107:978-0-313-29337-5
8092:Wortzel, Larry M.
8040:978-0-203-88524-6
7993:978-87-91114-01-4
7901:Los Angeles Times
7885:978-0-271-01470-8
7858:978-0-313-26788-8
7831:978-0-416-33140-0
7794:978-0-416-33140-0
7755:978-981-4311-71-7
7675:Maritime Briefing
7567:《皇清各直省分图》之《天下总舆图》
7455:978-90-411-1056-5
7438:978-90-411-1056-5
7397:978-90-411-1056-5
7333:978-974-8496-78-8
7291:978-90-411-1056-5
7218:978-0-8248-2131-9
7129:978-90-411-1381-8
6844:on 14 August 2016
6801:978-1-136-53830-8
6490:978-1-000-22217-3
6158:Claudius Madrolle
5861:on Spratly Island
5797:
5796:
5781:Trường Sa Airport
5553:Republic of China
5200:as "Recto Bank".
5004:Chinese Civil War
4908:Republic of China
4834:Vietnam: Part of
4511:Macclesfield Bank
4419:off the coast of
4397:Scarborough Shoal
4305:potassium cyanide
4290:over-exploitation
3922:Republic of China
2400:metamorphic rocks
2355:continental crust
2349:exhibited by the
2314:
2313:
2279:Kepulauan Spratly
2226:
2225:
2161:Yale Romanization
2133:Standard Mandarin
2076:
2075:
1763:
1762:
1637:8.933°N 112.350°E
1584:8.867°N 112.250°E
1531:9.850°N 114.483°E
1478:7.850°N 112.917°E
1372:7.367°N 113.833°E
1158:9.867°N 114.317°E
1080:North Danger Reef
1027:North Danger Reef
998:8.633°N 111.917°E
617:Kepulauan Spratly
576:
575:
39:Spratly (surname)
16:(Redirected from
16189:
16182:Horsts (geology)
15890:
15889:
15720:
15713:
15706:
15697:
15696:
15675:
15589:
15588:
15582:Prefecture-level
15574:Haikou (capital)
15557:
15550:
15543:
15534:
15533:
15342:
15341:
15210:
15209:
14970:
14969:
14966:Coastal features
14951:
14944:
14937:
14928:
14927:
14818:
14811:
14804:
14795:
14794:
14781:Southern Tagalog
14763:Former provinces
14506:Oriental Mindoro
14466:Misamis Oriental
14361:Davao Occidental
14221:Agusan del Norte
14086:
14085:
14046:
14039:
13999:
13998:
13989:
13982:
13975:
13966:
13965:
13705:Phú Yên province
13452:
13370:
13363:
13356:
13347:
13346:
13319:
13318:
13312:
13311:
13305:
13304:
13296:Tsushima/Daemado
13291:
13290:
13284:
13283:
13270:
13269:
13263:
13262:
13256:
13255:
13249:
13248:
13242:
13241:
13235:
13234:
13221:
13220:
13214:
13213:
13200:
13199:
13193:
13192:
13186:
13185:
13170:
13169:
13163:
13162:
13156:
13155:
13142:
13141:
13135:
13134:
13121:
13120:
13114:
13113:
13094:
13093:
13087:
13086:
13080:
13079:
13066:
13065:
13059:
13058:
13045:
13044:
13038:
13037:
13031:
13030:
13017:
13016:
13010:
13009:
12996:
12995:
12989:
12988:
12982:
12981:
12968:
12967:
12961:
12960:
12947:
12946:
12940:
12939:
12933:
12932:
12919:
12918:
12912:
12911:
12898:
12897:
12891:
12890:
12871:
12870:
12864:
12863:
12857:
12856:
12843:
12842:
12836:
12835:
12822:
12821:
12815:
12814:
12808:
12807:
12794:
12793:
12787:
12786:
12773:
12772:
12766:
12765:
12759:
12758:
12745:
12744:
12738:
12737:
12720:
12719:
12713:
12712:
12699:
12698:
12692:
12691:
12678:
12677:
12671:
12670:
12662:Limbang District
12657:
12656:
12650:
12649:
12636:
12635:
12629:
12628:
12620:Gilgit-Baltistan
12609:
12608:
12602:
12601:
12588:
12587:
12581:
12580:
12567:
12566:
12560:
12559:
12546:
12545:
12539:
12538:
12525:
12524:
12518:
12517:
12504:
12503:
12497:
12496:
12481:
12480:
12474:
12473:
12460:
12459:
12453:
12452:
12446:
12445:
12432:
12431:
12425:
12424:
12407:
12406:
12400:
12399:
12393:
12392:
12369:
12368:
12341:
12334:
12327:
12318:
12317:
12304:
12303:
12236:Coconut Princess
12075:Southeastern SCS
12005:Fiery Cross Reef
11993:West London Reef
11988:East London Reef
11806:West York Island
11702:
11701:
11691:
11690:
11630:Zhongsha Islands
11623:Northeastern SCS
11533:Amphitrite Group
11529:
11528:
11477:
11470:
11463:
11454:
11453:
11441:
11440:
11380:Related articles
11311:West London Reef
11246:East London Reef
11196:
11195:
11166:
11165:
11151:West York Island
11091:
11090:
11041:
11040:
11001:Fiery Cross Reef
10986:
10985:
10961:
10960:
10952:
10951:
10909:Dangerous Ground
10860:
10853:
10846:
10837:
10836:
10829:
10828:
10772:
10709:
10695:
10689:
10688:
10675:
10669:
10656:
10650:
10649:
10647:
10645:
10630:
10621:
10620:
10618:
10616:
10601:
10595:
10571:
10565:
10564:
10562:
10560:
10545:
10539:
10529:
10523:
10522:
10520:
10518:
10503:
10494:
10493:
10491:
10489:
10469:
10463:
10462:
10460:
10458:
10449:. 12 July 2016.
10439:
10433:
10432:
10430:
10428:
10408:
10402:
10401:
10399:
10397:
10388:. 12 July 2016.
10378:
10372:
10371:
10369:
10367:
10345:
10339:
10338:
10336:
10334:
10314:
10308:
10305:
10299:
10296:
10290:
10289:
10287:
10279:
10268:
10267:
10265:
10263:
10248:
10242:
10241:
10239:
10237:
10217:
10211:
10210:
10208:
10206:
10197:. 12 July 2016.
10187:
10181:
10180:
10178:
10176:
10170:
10163:
10151:
10142:
10141:
10136:
10134:
10119:
10113:
10112:
10110:
10108:
10093:
10087:
10086:
10084:
10082:
10073:. 14 June 2019.
10067:
10061:
10060:
10058:
10056:
10036:
10030:
10029:
10027:
10025:
10010:
10004:
10003:
10001:
9999:
9984:
9978:
9977:
9975:
9973:
9953:
9947:
9946:
9939:
9933:
9932:
9930:
9928:
9904:
9898:
9897:
9895:
9893:
9884:. Archived from
9873:
9867:
9865:Want China Times
9851:
9845:
9844:
9842:
9840:
9820:
9814:
9813:
9811:
9809:
9788:
9782:
9781:
9779:
9777:
9756:
9750:
9749:
9747:
9745:
9723:
9717:
9714:
9712:
9710:
9690:
9688:
9686:
9663:
9657:
9656:
9654:
9652:
9643:. Archived from
9630:
9624:
9623:
9621:
9619:
9614:on 30 April 2010
9598:
9592:
9579:
9573:
9572:
9570:
9568:
9548:
9542:
9541:
9539:
9537:
9528:. 14 June 2011.
9518:
9512:
9511:
9509:
9507:
9498:. 11 June 2011.
9488:
9482:
9481:
9479:
9477:
9462:
9456:
9455:
9453:
9451:
9436:
9430:
9429:
9427:
9425:
9410:
9404:
9401:
9399:
9397:
9377:
9372:. Archived from
9370:Philippines News
9360:
9358:
9356:
9335:
9333:
9331:
9314:
9312:
9310:
9289:
9287:
9285:
9264:
9262:
9260:
9239:
9237:
9235:
9215:
9213:
9211:
9191:
9184:Philippines News
9175:
9173:
9171:
9166:on 25 March 2014
9151:
9149:
9147:
9127:
9125:
9123:
9103:
9101:
9099:
9083:
9081:
9079:
9063:
9061:
9059:
9038:
9036:
9034:
9014:
9012:
9010:
8990:
8988:
8986:
8970:
8968:
8966:
8950:
8944:
8943:
8941:
8939:
8930:. Archived from
8919:
8913:
8912:
8910:
8908:
8888:
8882:
8881:
8879:
8877:
8872:on 25 March 2014
8868:. Archived from
8857:
8851:
8850:
8848:
8846:
8841:on 25 March 2014
8837:. Archived from
8826:
8817:
8816:
8814:
8812:
8792:
8786:
8785:
8783:
8781:
8761:
8755:
8754:
8752:
8750:
8744:
8738:. Archived from
8733:
8724:
8718:
8717:
8715:
8713:
8704:. Archived from
8693:
8687:
8686:
8684:
8682:
8677:on 25 March 2014
8662:
8656:
8655:
8653:
8651:
8631:
8625:
8618:
8612:
8611:
8609:
8607:
8591:
8585:
8579:
8573:
8572:
8570:
8568:
8553:
8547:
8541:
8535:
8534:
8532:
8530:
8521:. Archived from
8510:
8501:
8500:
8498:
8496:
8468:
8457:
8451:
8445:
8444:
8442:
8440:
8425:
8419:
8409:
8403:
8402:
8401:
8399:
8374:
8368:
8367:
8365:
8363:
8343:
8337:
8336:
8334:
8332:
8304:
8295:
8286:
8277:
8276:
8265:
8259:
8245:
8239:
8215:
8206:
8205:
8187:
8181:
8180:
8148:
8142:
8141:
8139:
8130:
8124:
8123:
8121:
8119:
8088:
8079:
8078:
8076:
8074:
8063:
8057:
8056:
8054:
8052:
8024:
8018:
8017:
8015:
8013:
7977:
7964:
7963:
7961:
7959:
7939:
7933:
7911:
7905:
7904:
7896:
7890:
7889:
7869:
7863:
7862:
7842:
7836:
7835:
7817:
7811:
7810:
7808:
7806:
7778:
7772:
7771:
7769:
7767:
7739:
7722:
7719:
7713:
7712:
7710:
7708:
7689:
7683:
7682:
7670:
7661:
7660:
7645:
7634:
7633:
7631:
7629:
7610:
7604:
7598:
7592:
7586:
7580:
7574:
7568:
7562:
7556:
7546:
7540:
7534:
7528:
7527:
7510:
7504:
7494:
7488:
7487:
7485:
7483:
7464:
7458:
7441:
7420:
7414:
7413:
7411:
7409:
7381:
7375:
7374:
7372:
7370:
7365:on 1 August 2019
7364:
7353:
7344:
7338:
7337:
7317:
7308:
7307:
7305:
7303:
7275:
7264:
7263:
7261:
7259:
7240:
7234:
7233:
7232:
7230:
7198:
7192:
7191:
7189:
7187:
7176:China Daily Mail
7168:
7162:
7161:
7159:
7157:
7140:
7134:
7133:
7115:
7109:
7108:
7106:
7104:
7099:on 21 March 2014
7085:
7079:
7078:
7076:
7074:
7059:
7053:
7052:
7050:
7048:
7033:
7027:
7026:
7010:
7004:
7003:
7001:
6999:
6984:
6978:
6977:
6975:
6973:
6957:
6948:
6947:
6945:
6943:
6937:
6930:
6922:
6909:
6908:
6906:
6904:
6880:
6874:
6862:opheliaH. 2017.
6860:
6854:
6853:
6851:
6849:
6843:
6828:
6819:
6813:
6812:
6810:
6808:
6784:Hoyt E. (2012).
6781:
6775:
6774:
6772:
6770:
6761:. Archived from
6755:
6749:
6748:
6741:
6732:
6731:
6729:
6727:
6707:
6701:
6700:
6698:
6696:
6676:
6670:
6669:
6667:
6665:
6654:
6648:
6647:
6645:
6643:
6631:
6625:
6624:
6622:
6620:
6608:
6602:
6595:
6589:
6588:
6586:
6584:
6575:. 13 June 2011.
6565:
6559:
6552:
6543:
6536:
6527:
6520:
6511:
6504:
6495:
6494:
6470:
6464:
6463:
6456:
6450:
6449:
6447:
6445:
6430:
6424:
6423:
6421:
6419:
6410:. Archived from
6404:
6398:
6385:
6379:
6372:
6366:
6365:
6364:on 24 July 2012.
6360:. Archived from
6350:
6344:
6343:
6341:
6339:
6324:
6318:
6315:
6309:
6308:
6306:
6304:
6284:
6278:
6277:
6266:
6257:
6256:
6254:
6252:
6237:
6231:
6230:
6219:
6194:
6193:
6191:
6189:
6154:
6145:
6144:
6142:
6140:
6120:
6103:
6080:
5965:
5960:
5959:
5951:
5946:
5945:
5937:
5932:
5931:
5912:
5897:
5885:
5870:
5852:
5832:Chunghwa Telecom
5822:On 18 May 2011,
5774:
5772:
5771:
5743:Rancudo Airfield
5736:
5734:
5733:
5699:
5697:
5696:
5663:
5661:
5660:
5626:
5624:
5623:
5615:Fiery Cross Reef
5589:
5587:
5586:
5551:
5549:
5548:
5513:
5512:
5335:2016 arbitration
5237:Want China Times
5232:Want China Times
5221:Defence Minister
5212:Mahathir Mohamad
5187:Ho Chi Minh City
5179:Fiery Cross Reef
5128:South Vietnamese
5119:Under President
5094:Fiery Cross Reef
5028:President Marcos
4933:
4932:
4927:
4926:
4900:French Indochina
4827:Taiwan: Part of
4694:Phủ Biên Tạp Lục
4690:Golden Sandbanks
4679:
4636:
4635:
4622:
4621:
4574:
4573:
4557:
4556:
4544:
4543:
4503:
4498:
4465:Sa Huỳnh culture
4441:French Indochina
4437:Second World War
4274:
4272:
4271:
4265:
4233:
4231:
4230:
4224:
4219:
4208:
4197:
4186:
4175:
4164:
4153:
4113:East London Reef
4097:West London Reef
4051:
4049:
4048:
4042:
4024:West York Island
3990:
3988:
3987:
3981:
3945:
3943:
3942:
3936:
3920:
3918:
3917:
3911:
3904:Dangerous Ground
3894:
3888:
3881:
3876:
3875:
3869:
3862:
3857:
3856:
3850:
3843:
3838:
3837:
3831:
3824:
3819:
3818:
3812:
3805:
3800:
3799:
3793:
3788:
3787:
3781:
3774:
3769:
3768:
3762:
3755:
3750:
3749:
3743:
3736:
3731:
3730:
3724:
3717:
3712:
3711:
3705:
3698:
3693:
3692:
3686:
3679:
3674:
3673:
3667:
3660:
3655:
3654:
3648:
3641:
3636:
3635:
3629:
3622:
3617:
3616:
3610:
3603:
3598:
3597:
3591:
3584:
3579:
3578:
3572:
3565:
3560:
3559:
3553:
3546:
3541:
3540:
3534:
3527:
3522:
3521:
3515:
3508:
3503:
3502:
3496:
3489:
3484:
3483:
3477:
3470:
3465:
3464:
3458:
3451:
3446:
3445:
3439:
3432:
3427:
3426:
3420:
3413:
3408:
3407:
3401:
3394:
3389:
3388:
3382:
3375:
3370:
3369:
3363:
3356:
3351:
3350:
3344:
3337:
3332:
3331:
3325:
3318:
3313:
3312:
3306:
3299:
3294:
3293:
3287:
3280:
3275:
3274:
3268:
3261:
3256:
3255:
3249:
3242:
3237:
3236:
3230:
3223:
3218:
3217:
3211:
3204:
3199:
3198:
3192:
3185:
3180:
3179:
3173:
3166:
3161:
3160:
3154:
3147:
3142:
3141:
3135:
3128:
3123:
3122:
3116:
3109:
3104:
3103:
3097:
3090:
3085:
3084:
3078:
3071:
3066:
3065:
3059:
3052:
3047:
3046:
3040:
3033:
3028:
3027:
3021:
3014:
3009:
3008:
3002:
2995:
2990:
2989:
2983:
2976:
2971:
2970:
2964:
2957:
2952:
2951:
2945:
2938:
2933:
2932:
2926:
2919:
2914:
2913:
2907:
2900:
2895:
2894:
2888:
2881:
2876:
2875:
2869:
2862:
2857:
2856:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2703:
2702:
2696:
2689:
2621:red-footed booby
2617:Sula leucogaster
2582:hawksbill turtle
2306:
2259:
2258:
2245:
2222:
2221:
2207:
2206:
2183:
2182:
2169:
2168:
2167:Nàhmsaa Kwùhndóu
2148:
2147:
2124:
2123:
2118:
2117:
2104:
2103:
2078:
2077:
1885:West York Island
1852:
1851:
1849:
1848:
1847:
1842:
1838:
1835:
1834:
1833:
1830:
1793:
1782:Disputed islands
1778:
1774:
1754:
1753:
1751:
1750:
1749:
1744:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1735:
1732:
1701:
1700:
1698:
1697:
1696:
1691:
1687:
1684:
1683:
1682:
1679:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1644:
1643:
1638:
1634:
1631:
1630:
1629:
1626:
1595:
1594:
1592:
1591:
1590:
1585:
1581:
1578:
1577:
1576:
1573:
1555:West London Reef
1542:
1541:
1539:
1538:
1537:
1532:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1523:
1520:
1489:
1488:
1486:
1485:
1484:
1479:
1475:
1472:
1471:
1470:
1467:
1436:
1435:
1433:
1432:
1431:
1426:
1422:
1419:
1418:
1417:
1414:
1383:
1382:
1380:
1379:
1378:
1373:
1369:
1366:
1365:
1364:
1361:
1330:
1329:
1327:
1326:
1325:
1320:
1316:
1313:
1312:
1311:
1308:
1276:
1275:
1273:
1272:
1271:
1266:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1257:
1254:
1223:
1222:
1220:
1219:
1218:
1213:
1209:
1206:
1205:
1204:
1201:
1169:
1168:
1166:
1165:
1164:
1159:
1155:
1152:
1151:
1150:
1147:
1115:
1114:
1112:
1111:
1110:
1105:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1096:
1093:
1062:
1061:
1059:
1058:
1057:
1052:
1048:
1045:
1044:
1043:
1040:
1009:
1008:
1006:
1005:
1004:
999:
995:
992:
991:
990:
987:
956:
955:
953:
952:
951:
946:
942:
939:
938:
937:
934:
921:West York Island
917:West York Island
903:
902:
900:
899:
898:
893:
889:
886:
885:
884:
881:
849:
848:
846:
845:
844:
839:
835:
832:
831:
830:
827:
774:
773:
733:Dangerous Ground
609:
600:
568:
561:
554:
440:
439:
411:
410:
338:Occupied by the
337:
336:
288:
287:
234:
233:
210:
209:
110:Related articles
102:
83:
82:
59:
58:
52:
21:
16197:
16196:
16192:
16191:
16190:
16188:
16187:
16186:
16177:Disputed shoals
16162:Disputed atolls
16052:Spratly Islands
16042:
16041:
16040:
16035:
16034:
16029:
16007:
15993:Lingshui County
15964:
15955:Chengmai County
15950:Tunchang County
15931:
15885:
15879:
15876:Hainan in China
15859:
15852:
15788:
15729:
15724:
15686:
15682:Nansha District
15671:
15653:
15620:
15583:
15576:
15567:
15561:
15531:
15522:
15489:
15462:Volcanic fields
15456:
15434:
15391:
15331:
15314:Mountain ranges
15308:
15255:
15236:
15222:Agop Batu Tulug
15197:
15179:
15131:
15095:Spratly Islands
15089:List of islands
15075:
15057:
14961:
14955:
14925:
14920:
14897:
14879:Spratly Islands
14859:South China Sea
14831:
14822:
14792:
14787:
14751:
14725:
14684:
14661:
14643:
14625:
14591:Surigao del Sur
14481:Negros Oriental
14426:Lanao del Norte
14371:Dinagat Islands
14351:Davao del Norte
14306:Camarines Norte
14198:
14180:
14075:
14047:
14041:
14040:
14031:
14008:
13996:
13993:
13963:
13958:
13951:
13866:
13760:
13699:
13650:
13589:
13524:
13453:
13444:
13398:Urban districts
13383:
13374:
13344:
13339:
13328:
13323:
13313:
13306:
13299:
13285:
13278:
13264:
13257:
13250:
13243:
13236:
13229:
13226:Spratly Islands
13215:
13208:
13194:
13187:
13180:
13176:
13164:
13157:
13150:
13136:
13129:
13115:
13108:
13098:
13088:
13081:
13074:
13071:Paracel Islands
13060:
13053:
13039:
13032:
13025:
13011:
13004:
12990:
12983:
12976:
12962:
12955:
12941:
12934:
12927:
12913:
12906:
12892:
12885:
12875:
12865:
12858:
12851:
12837:
12830:
12816:
12809:
12802:
12788:
12781:
12767:
12760:
12753:
12739:
12732:
12714:
12707:
12693:
12686:
12672:
12665:
12651:
12644:
12630:
12623:
12613:
12603:
12596:
12582:
12575:
12572:Khao Phra Wihan
12561:
12554:
12540:
12533:
12519:
12512:
12498:
12491:
12486:
12475:
12468:
12465:Doi Pha Hom Pok
12454:
12447:
12440:
12426:
12419:
12401:
12394:
12387:
12362:
12345:
12315:
12310:
12298:
12290:
12220:
12142:
12128:Anambas Islands
12109:
12086:
12082:Palawan Passage
12066:
12040:
12036:Half Moon Shoal
12019:
11957:
11921:Sin Cowe Island
11889:
11853:
11844:Reed Tablemount
11822:
11696:
11689:
11657:Spratly Islands
11651:
11614:
11593:
11565:
11524:Paracel Islands
11518:
11486:
11484:South China Sea
11481:
11446:
11438:
11433:
11375:
11336:Half Moon Shoal
11315:
11286:Sin Cowe Island
11190:
11185:
11160:
11155:
11085:
11080:
11035:
11030:
10980:
10975:
10955:
10943:
10929:Reed Tablemount
10897:
10869:
10867:Spratly Islands
10864:
10826:
10822:
10769:
10718:
10716:Further reading
10713:
10712:
10708:, Cellular News
10706:Wayback Machine
10696:
10692:
10677:
10676:
10672:
10666:Wayback Machine
10657:
10653:
10643:
10641:
10632:
10631:
10624:
10614:
10612:
10602:
10598:
10572:
10568:
10558:
10556:
10547:
10546:
10542:
10534:(archived from
10530:
10526:
10516:
10514:
10505:
10504:
10497:
10487:
10485:
10470:
10466:
10456:
10454:
10441:
10440:
10436:
10426:
10424:
10409:
10405:
10395:
10393:
10380:
10379:
10375:
10365:
10363:
10346:
10342:
10332:
10330:
10315:
10311:
10306:
10302:
10297:
10293:
10285:
10281:
10280:
10271:
10261:
10259:
10250:
10249:
10245:
10235:
10233:
10218:
10214:
10204:
10202:
10195:Financial Times
10189:
10188:
10184:
10174:
10172:
10171:on 12 July 2016
10168:
10161:
10153:
10152:
10145:
10132:
10130:
10120:
10116:
10106:
10104:
10102:thediplomat.com
10094:
10090:
10080:
10078:
10069:
10068:
10064:
10054:
10052:
10037:
10033:
10023:
10021:
10012:
10011:
10007:
9997:
9995:
9986:
9985:
9981:
9971:
9969:
9954:
9950:
9945:. 14 July 2011.
9941:
9940:
9936:
9926:
9924:
9905:
9901:
9891:
9889:
9874:
9870:
9863:, 13 May 2014,
9861:Wayback Machine
9852:
9848:
9838:
9836:
9821:
9817:
9807:
9805:
9790:
9789:
9785:
9775:
9773:
9765:The Borneo Post
9758:
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9589:Wayback Machine
9580:
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9412:
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9407:
9395:
9393:
9386:Thanh Nien News
9380:
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9327:
9308:
9306:
9283:
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9258:
9256:
9233:
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9207:
9194:
9178:
9169:
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9154:
9145:
9143:
9130:
9121:
9119:
9112:Thanh Nien News
9106:
9097:
9095:
9086:
9077:
9075:
9066:
9057:
9055:
9032:
9030:
9017:
9008:
9006:
8993:
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8964:
8962:
8953:
8951:
8947:
8937:
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8920:
8916:
8906:
8904:
8889:
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8875:
8873:
8858:
8854:
8844:
8842:
8827:
8820:
8810:
8808:
8793:
8789:
8779:
8777:
8762:
8758:
8748:
8746:
8745:on 6 March 2016
8742:
8731:
8725:
8721:
8711:
8709:
8708:on 10 July 2013
8694:
8690:
8680:
8678:
8663:
8659:
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8615:
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8494:
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8452:
8448:
8438:
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8406:
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8375:
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8359:
8344:
8340:
8330:
8328:
8321:
8305:
8298:
8287:
8280:
8267:
8266:
8262:
8257:Wayback Machine
8247:Todd C. Kelly,
8246:
8242:
8236:Wayback Machine
8225:Wayback Machine
8218:Spratly Islands
8216:
8209:
8202:
8188:
8184:
8149:
8145:
8137:
8131:
8127:
8117:
8115:
8108:
8089:
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8041:
8025:
8021:
8011:
8009:
7994:
7978:
7967:
7957:
7955:
7940:
7936:
7930:Wayback Machine
7916:(archived from
7912:
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7625:
7612:
7611:
7607:
7599:
7595:
7587:
7583:
7575:
7571:
7563:
7559:
7555:《清直省分图》之《天下总舆图》
7547:
7543:
7535:
7531:
7515:
7512:
7511:
7507:
7497:History of Yuan
7495:
7491:
7481:
7479:
7466:
7465:
7461:
7439:
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7417:
7407:
7405:
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7219:
7199:
7195:
7185:
7183:
7170:
7169:
7165:
7155:
7153:
7145:China Sea pilot
7142:
7141:
7137:
7130:
7116:
7112:
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6902:
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6881:
6877:
6871:Wayback Machine
6861:
6857:
6847:
6845:
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6826:
6820:
6816:
6806:
6804:
6802:
6794:. p. 307.
6782:
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6609:
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6467:
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6453:
6443:
6441:
6432:
6431:
6427:
6417:
6415:
6414:on 26 June 2015
6406:
6405:
6401:
6395:Wayback Machine
6386:
6382:
6373:
6369:
6352:
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6302:
6300:
6285:
6281:
6276:. 12 July 2016.
6268:
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6121:
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6077:
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6026:South China Sea
6011:Paracel Islands
5961:
5954:
5949:Politics portal
5947:
5940:
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5926:
5923:
5916:
5913:
5904:
5898:
5889:
5886:
5877:
5871:
5862:
5853:
5844:
5802:
5790:1,200 m (est.)
5769:
5767:
5753:1,300 m (est.)
5731:
5729:
5715:2,700 m (est.)
5694:
5692:
5679:3,000 m (est.)
5658:
5656:
5643:3,300 m (est.)
5633:Yongshu Airport
5621:
5619:
5584:
5582:
5579:(Layang-Layang)
5568:1,200 m (est.)
5546:
5544:
5511:
5505:
5500:
5343:
5337:
5278:along with the
5167:CPC Corporation
5162:
5106:deadly skirmish
5020:Chiang Kai-shek
4948:
4892:
4859:Sino-French War
4848:
4799:China: Part of
4790:
4784:
4747:Richard Spratly
4684:. According to
4677:
4670:Paracel Islands
4615:Shixing Shitang
4586:History of Yuan
4560:Wanli Shichuang
4537:Qianli Changsha
4507:Paracel Islands
4502:shíxīng shítáng
4485:
4449:Tomás Cloma Sr.
4385:
4309:cyanide fishing
4301:bottom trawlers
4286:
4285:
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4269:
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4228:
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4069:Sin Cowe Island
4046:
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3985:
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3900:Spratly Islands
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2708:
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2704:
2700:
2697:
2690:
2680:
2557:
2505:tropical forest
2497:
2482:
2459:
2386:igneous rocks,
2327:
2287:
2286:
2285:
2231:Vietnamese name
2081:Spratly Islands
2056:
2037:
2014:
1995:
1972:
1955:
1909:
1905:Sin Cowe Island
1860:18 islands and
1845:
1843:
1839:
1836:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1824:
1823:
1814:South China Sea
1796:
1784:
1776:Spratly Islands
1748:10.717; 114.533
1747:
1745:
1741:
1738:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1726:
1725:
1695:10.817; 115.817
1694:
1692:
1688:
1685:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1672:
1641:
1639:
1635:
1632:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1620:
1619:
1588:
1586:
1582:
1579:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1567:
1566:
1535:
1533:
1529:
1526:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1513:
1482:
1480:
1476:
1473:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1461:
1460:
1430:10.183; 114.367
1429:
1427:
1423:
1420:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1408:
1407:
1376:
1374:
1370:
1367:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1355:
1354:
1324:10.667; 114.417
1323:
1321:
1317:
1314:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1301:
1270:10.383; 114.467
1269:
1267:
1263:
1260:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1248:
1247:
1217:10.750; 115.817
1216:
1214:
1210:
1207:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1195:
1194:
1162:
1160:
1156:
1153:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1141:
1140:
1130:Sin Cowe Island
1109:11.433; 114.333
1108:
1106:
1102:
1099:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1086:
1056:11.467; 114.350
1055:
1053:
1049:
1046:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1034:
1033:
1002:
1000:
996:
993:
988:
985:
983:
981:
980:
950:11.083; 115.017
949:
947:
943:
940:
935:
932:
930:
928:
927:
897:11.050; 114.283
896:
894:
890:
887:
882:
879:
877:
875:
874:
843:10.383; 114.350
842:
840:
836:
833:
828:
825:
823:
821:
820:
798:
787:
714:
708:
694:has claimed an
668:Richard Spratly
662:, and southern
636:South China Sea
580:Spratly Islands
572:
543:
509:Half Moon Shoal
505:
504:
499:
446:
445:
434:
430:
417:
416:
405:
401:
343:
342:
331:
327:
294:
293:
282:
278:
240:
239:
228:
224:
216:
215:
204:
189:
184:
180:
165:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
105:
92:Spratly Islands
81:
80:
79:
77:
71:
70:
69:
68:
67:
65:Spratly Islands
60:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
16195:
16185:
16184:
16179:
16174:
16172:Disputed reefs
16169:
16164:
16159:
16154:
16149:
16144:
16139:
16134:
16129:
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16119:
16114:
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16094:
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16064:
16059:
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16028:
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16022:
16016:
16013:
16012:
16009:
16008:
16006:
16005:
16000:
15998:Baoting County
15995:
15990:
15985:
15980:
15974:
15972:
15966:
15965:
15963:
15962:
15957:
15952:
15947:
15945:Ding'an County
15941:
15939:
15933:
15932:
15930:
15929:
15923:
15917:
15911:
15905:
15898:
15896:
15887:
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15762:
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15715:
15708:
15700:
15694:
15688:
15687:
15685:
15684:
15679:
15678:
15677:
15667:Xisha District
15663:
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15077:
15076:
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15059:
15058:
15056:
15055:
15050:
15045:
15040:
15034:
15029:
15024:
15019:
15014:
15009:
15004:
14999:
14994:
14989:
14984:
14978:
14976:
14967:
14963:
14962:
14954:
14953:
14946:
14939:
14931:
14922:
14921:
14919:
14918:
14917:
14916:
14905:
14903:
14899:
14898:
14896:
14895:
14894:
14893:
14892:
14891:
14886:
14876:
14871:
14866:
14856:
14855:
14854:
14839:
14837:
14833:
14832:
14821:
14820:
14813:
14806:
14798:
14789:
14788:
14786:
14785:
14784:
14783:
14778:
14770:
14765:
14759:
14757:
14753:
14752:
14750:
14749:
14748:
14747:
14739:
14733:
14731:
14727:
14726:
14724:
14723:
14718:
14713:
14708:
14703:
14698:
14692:
14690:
14686:
14685:
14683:
14682:
14677:
14671:
14669:
14663:
14662:
14660:
14659:
14653:
14651:
14649:Municipalities
14645:
14644:
14642:
14641:
14635:
14633:
14627:
14626:
14624:
14623:
14618:
14613:
14608:
14603:
14598:
14593:
14588:
14583:
14578:
14576:Sultan Kudarat
14573:
14571:Southern Leyte
14568:
14566:South Cotabato
14563:
14558:
14553:
14548:
14543:
14538:
14533:
14528:
14523:
14518:
14513:
14508:
14503:
14498:
14493:
14488:
14486:Northern Samar
14483:
14478:
14473:
14468:
14463:
14458:
14453:
14448:
14443:
14438:
14433:
14428:
14423:
14418:
14413:
14408:
14403:
14398:
14393:
14388:
14383:
14378:
14373:
14368:
14366:Davao Oriental
14363:
14358:
14353:
14348:
14343:
14338:
14333:
14328:
14323:
14318:
14313:
14308:
14303:
14298:
14293:
14288:
14283:
14278:
14273:
14268:
14263:
14258:
14253:
14248:
14243:
14238:
14233:
14228:
14226:Agusan del Sur
14223:
14218:
14212:
14210:
14204:
14203:
14200:
14199:
14197:
14196:
14190:
14188:
14182:
14181:
14179:
14178:
14173:
14168:
14163:
14158:
14153:
14148:
14143:
14138:
14133:
14128:
14123:
14118:
14113:
14108:
14103:
14098:
14092:
14090:
14089:Administrative
14083:
14077:
14076:
14074:
14073:
14068:
14063:
14057:
14055:
14049:
14048:
14034:
14032:
14030:
14029:
14018:
14016:
14010:
14009:
13992:
13991:
13984:
13977:
13969:
13960:
13959:
13956:
13953:
13952:
13950:
13949:
13944:
13939:
13934:
13929:
13924:
13919:
13914:
13909:
13904:
13899:
13894:
13889:
13883:
13876:
13874:
13868:
13867:
13865:
13864:
13859:
13854:
13849:
13844:
13839:
13834:
13829:
13824:
13819:
13814:
13809:
13804:
13799:
13794:
13789:
13783:
13777:
13770:
13768:
13762:
13761:
13759:
13758:
13753:
13748:
13743:
13738:
13733:
13728:
13722:
13716:
13709:
13707:
13701:
13700:
13698:
13697:
13692:
13687:
13682:
13677:
13672:
13667:
13660:
13658:
13652:
13651:
13649:
13648:
13643:
13638:
13633:
13628:
13623:
13618:
13612:
13606:
13599:
13597:
13591:
13590:
13588:
13587:
13582:
13577:
13575:Phú Quý Island
13572:
13567:
13562:
13557:
13552:
13547:
13541:
13534:
13532:
13526:
13525:
13523:
13522:
13517:
13512:
13507:
13502:
13497:
13492:
13487:
13482:
13476:
13470:
13463:
13461:
13455:
13454:
13447:
13445:
13443:
13442:
13437:
13432:
13431:
13430:
13425:
13420:
13415:
13410:
13405:
13394:
13392:
13385:
13384:
13373:
13372:
13365:
13358:
13350:
13341:
13340:
13338:
13337:
13333:
13330:
13329:
13325:
13324:
13322:
13321:
13293:
13272:
13223:
13202:
13172:
13144:
13123:
13101:
13099:
13097:
13096:
13068:
13047:
13019:
12998:
12970:
12949:
12921:
12900:
12878:
12876:
12874:
12873:
12845:
12824:
12796:
12775:
12747:
12722:
12704:Mainland China
12701:
12680:
12659:
12638:
12616:
12614:
12612:
12611:
12590:
12569:
12548:
12527:
12506:
12483:
12462:
12434:
12409:
12380:
12377:
12376:
12373:
12367:
12364:
12363:
12360:Southeast Asia
12344:
12343:
12336:
12329:
12321:
12312:
12311:
12309:
12308:
12295:
12292:
12291:
12289:
12288:
12287:
12286:
12285:
12284:
12279:
12274:
12269:
12259:
12258:
12257:
12249:
12241:
12240:
12239:
12228:
12226:
12222:
12221:
12219:
12218:
12212:
12206:
12200:
12194:
12188:
12182:
12176:
12171:
12166:
12164:Nine-dash line
12161:
12156:
12150:
12148:
12144:
12143:
12141:
12140:
12135:
12130:
12125:
12123:Natuna Islands
12119:
12117:
12111:
12110:
12108:
12107:
12105:Luconia Shoals
12102:
12094:
12092:
12088:
12087:
12085:
12084:
12078:
12076:
12072:
12071:
12068:
12067:
12065:
12064:
12059:
12054:
12048:
12046:
12042:
12041:
12039:
12038:
12033:
12027:
12025:
12021:
12020:
12018:
12017:
12015:Spratly Island
12012:
12007:
12002:
11997:
11996:
11995:
11990:
11985:
11983:Cuarteron Reef
11980:
11969:
11967:
11963:
11962:
11959:
11958:
11956:
11955:
11953:Mariveles Reef
11950:
11945:
11940:
11935:
11930:
11925:
11924:
11923:
11918:
11913:
11908:
11897:
11895:
11891:
11890:
11888:
11887:
11882:
11877:
11872:
11867:
11865:Commodore Reef
11861:
11859:
11855:
11854:
11852:
11851:
11846:
11841:
11839:Nanshan Island
11836:
11830:
11828:
11824:
11823:
11821:
11820:
11819:
11818:
11810:
11809:
11808:
11803:
11795:
11794:
11793:
11791:Zhongzhou Reef
11788:
11786:Taiping Island
11783:
11778:
11773:
11763:
11762:
11761:
11756:
11751:
11741:
11740:
11739:
11734:
11726:
11725:
11724:
11719:
11708:
11706:
11699:
11688:
11687:
11682:
11677:
11672:
11667:
11661:
11659:
11653:
11652:
11650:
11649:
11644:
11643:
11642:
11632:
11626:
11624:
11620:
11619:
11616:
11615:
11613:
11612:
11607:
11601:
11599:
11598:Other features
11595:
11594:
11592:
11591:
11586:
11581:
11575:
11573:
11571:Crescent Group
11567:
11566:
11564:
11563:
11558:
11553:
11548:
11543:
11537:
11535:
11526:
11520:
11519:
11517:
11516:
11509:
11502:
11496:
11494:
11488:
11487:
11480:
11479:
11472:
11465:
11457:
11451:
11448:
11447:
11435:
11434:
11432:
11431:
11429:Nine-dash line
11426:
11421:
11416:
11411:
11406:
11401:
11394:
11389:
11383:
11381:
11377:
11376:
11374:
11373:
11368:
11363:
11358:
11353:
11348:
11343:
11341:Luconia Shoals
11338:
11333:
11327:
11325:
11321:
11320:
11317:
11316:
11314:
11313:
11308:
11303:
11301:Spratly Island
11298:
11293:
11288:
11283:
11278:
11273:
11268:
11263:
11261:Lansdowne Reef
11258:
11253:
11248:
11243:
11238:
11233:
11228:
11223:
11218:
11213:
11208:
11202:
11200:
11187:
11186:
11184:
11183:
11181:Zhongzhou Reef
11178:
11176:Taiping Island
11172:
11170:
11157:
11156:
11154:
11153:
11148:
11143:
11138:
11133:
11131:Nanshan Island
11128:
11123:
11118:
11113:
11108:
11103:
11101:Commodore Reef
11097:
11095:
11082:
11081:
11079:
11078:
11073:
11071:Mariveles Reef
11068:
11063:
11058:
11053:
11047:
11045:
11032:
11031:
11029:
11028:
11023:
11018:
11013:
11008:
11003:
10998:
10996:Cuarteron Reef
10992:
10990:
10977:
10976:
10974:
10973:
10967:
10965:
10949:
10945:
10944:
10942:
10941:
10936:
10931:
10926:
10921:
10916:
10911:
10905:
10903:
10899:
10898:
10896:
10895:
10889:
10883:
10877:
10875:
10874:Confrontations
10871:
10870:
10863:
10862:
10855:
10848:
10840:
10834:
10833:
10821:
10820:External links
10818:
10817:
10816:
10803:
10792:
10773:
10767:
10745:
10728:
10717:
10714:
10711:
10710:
10690:
10687:. 20 May 2011.
10684:Bloomberg News
10670:
10651:
10622:
10596:
10592:C-130 Hercules
10566:
10555:. 12 July 2016
10553:United Nations
10540:
10524:
10495:
10464:
10434:
10403:
10373:
10340:
10309:
10300:
10291:
10269:
10243:
10212:
10182:
10143:
10114:
10096:Panda, Ankit.
10088:
10062:
10031:
10005:
9979:
9948:
9934:
9899:
9868:
9846:
9815:
9783:
9751:
9718:
9716:
9715:
9705:on 17 May 2014
9658:
9647:on 17 May 2014
9625:
9593:
9574:
9543:
9513:
9483:
9457:
9431:
9405:
9403:
9402:
9378:
9361:
9336:
9315:
9290:
9265:
9240:
9216:
9192:
9176:
9152:
9128:
9104:
9084:
9064:
9039:
9015:
8991:
8961:on 17 May 2014
8945:
8914:
8903:on 17 May 2014
8883:
8852:
8818:
8787:
8756:
8719:
8688:
8657:
8626:
8613:
8586:
8574:
8548:
8536:
8502:
8483:
8458:
8446:
8420:
8404:
8391:
8379:"Introduction"
8369:
8338:
8319:
8296:
8278:
8260:
8240:
8207:
8200:
8182:
8163:(3): 235–254.
8143:
8125:
8106:
8080:
8058:
8039:
8019:
7992:
7965:
7934:
7906:
7891:
7884:
7864:
7857:
7837:
7830:
7812:
7793:
7773:
7754:
7723:
7714:
7684:
7662:
7648:King C. Chen,
7635:
7605:
7593:
7581:
7569:
7557:
7541:
7529:
7514:《海南卫指挥佥事柴公墓志铬》
7505:
7489:
7459:
7437:
7415:
7396:
7376:
7339:
7332:
7309:
7290:
7265:
7235:
7217:
7193:
7163:
7135:
7128:
7110:
7080:
7054:
7028:
7005:
6979:
6949:
6910:
6875:
6855:
6814:
6800:
6776:
6750:
6733:
6702:
6671:
6649:
6626:
6603:
6590:
6560:
6544:
6528:
6512:
6496:
6489:
6465:
6451:
6425:
6399:
6380:
6367:
6345:
6319:
6310:
6279:
6258:
6232:
6195:
6172:(3): 302–312.
6146:
6114:
6113:
6111:
6108:
6105:
6104:
6074:
6073:
6071:
6068:
6066:
6063:
6062:
6061:
6056:
6051:
6046:
6038:
6033:
6028:
6023:
6018:
6013:
6008:
6006:Natuna Regency
6003:
5998:
5993:
5988:
5983:
5978:
5973:
5967:
5966:
5963:Islands portal
5952:
5938:
5922:
5919:
5918:
5917:
5914:
5907:
5905:
5899:
5892:
5890:
5887:
5880:
5878:
5875:Spratly Island
5872:
5865:
5863:
5854:
5847:
5843:
5840:
5836:Taiping Island
5810:Pag-asa Island
5801:
5798:
5795:
5794:
5791:
5788:
5785:
5783:
5778:
5765:
5762:Spratly Island
5758:
5757:
5754:
5751:
5748:
5745:
5740:
5727:
5720:
5719:
5716:
5713:
5710:
5708:
5703:
5690:
5684:
5683:
5680:
5677:
5674:
5672:
5667:
5654:
5648:
5647:
5644:
5641:
5638:
5635:
5630:
5617:
5611:
5610:
5607:
5604:
5601:
5598:
5593:
5580:
5573:
5572:
5569:
5566:
5563:
5560:
5555:
5542:
5540:Taiping Island
5536:
5535:
5532:
5529:
5526:
5523:
5520:
5517:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5496:
5487:United Nations
5481:, Taiwan, and
5463:United Kingdom
5391:Czech Republic
5367:Taiping Island
5357:appointed the
5351:nine-dash line
5339:Main article:
5336:
5333:
5242:New York Times
5161:
5158:
5140:Geneva Accords
5059:Fall of Saigon
4979:Taiping Island
4967:nine-dash line
4947:
4944:
4904:Taiping Island
4891:
4888:
4864:Gulf of Tonkin
4847:
4844:
4843:
4842:
4832:
4825:
4814:
4807:
4797:
4783:
4780:
4682:Wanli Changsha
4629:Wanli Changsha
4599:Outer Mongolia
4484:
4481:
4384:
4381:
4262:
4259:Mariveles Reef
4221:
4211:Kingston Shoal
4189:Alexandra Bank
4137:Lansdowne Reef
4073:Spratly Island
4039:
4028:Commodore Reef
4012:Nanshan Island
3978:
3933:
3908:
3902:. The eastern
3897:
3890:
3883:
3878:
3871:
3864:
3859:
3852:
3845:
3840:
3833:
3826:
3821:
3814:
3807:
3802:
3795:
3790:
3783:
3776:
3771:
3764:
3757:
3752:
3745:
3738:
3733:
3726:
3719:
3714:
3707:
3700:
3695:
3688:
3681:
3676:
3669:
3662:
3657:
3650:
3643:
3638:
3631:
3624:
3619:
3612:
3605:
3600:
3593:
3586:
3581:
3574:
3567:
3562:
3555:
3548:
3543:
3536:
3529:
3524:
3517:
3510:
3505:
3498:
3491:
3486:
3479:
3472:
3467:
3460:
3453:
3448:
3441:
3434:
3429:
3422:
3415:
3410:
3403:
3396:
3391:
3384:
3377:
3372:
3365:
3358:
3353:
3346:
3339:
3334:
3327:
3320:
3315:
3308:
3301:
3296:
3289:
3282:
3277:
3270:
3263:
3258:
3251:
3244:
3239:
3232:
3225:
3220:
3213:
3206:
3201:
3194:
3187:
3182:
3175:
3168:
3163:
3156:
3149:
3144:
3137:
3130:
3125:
3118:
3111:
3106:
3099:
3092:
3087:
3080:
3073:
3068:
3061:
3054:
3049:
3042:
3035:
3030:
3023:
3016:
3011:
3004:
2997:
2992:
2985:
2978:
2973:
2966:
2959:
2954:
2947:
2940:
2935:
2928:
2921:
2916:
2909:
2902:
2897:
2890:
2883:
2878:
2871:
2864:
2859:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2705:
2698:
2691:
2684:
2683:
2682:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2574:Chelonia mydas
2556:
2553:
2517:Taiping Island
2496:
2493:
2489:New York Times
2481:
2478:
2458:
2455:
2326:
2323:
2312:
2311:
2308:
2307:
2300:
2294:
2293:
2289:
2288:
2284:
2283:
2280:
2276:
2272:
2266:
2265:
2261:
2260:
2253:
2247:
2246:
2239:
2233:
2232:
2228:
2227:
2224:
2223:
2216:
2209:
2208:
2205:Lâm-soa Kûn-tó
2201:
2192:
2191:
2185:
2184:
2177:
2171:
2170:
2163:
2157:
2156:
2154:Yue: Cantonese
2150:
2149:
2142:
2136:
2135:
2129:
2128:
2127:Transcriptions
2120:
2119:
2112:
2106:
2105:
2098:
2092:
2091:
2087:
2086:
2083:
2082:
2074:
2073:
2064:
2058:
2057:
2054:
2051:
2050:
2045:
2039:
2038:
2035:
2032:
2031:
2022:
2016:
2015:
2012:
2009:
2008:
2003:
1997:
1996:
1993:
1990:
1989:
1980:
1974:
1973:
1970:
1967:
1966:
1963:
1957:
1956:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1944:
1939:
1935:
1934:
1931:
1927:
1926:
1923:
1919:
1918:
1915:
1911:
1910:
1908:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1890:Spratly Island
1887:
1882:
1877:
1875:Itu Aba Island
1871:
1869:
1865:
1864:
1858:
1854:
1853:
1821:
1817:
1816:
1811:
1807:
1806:
1802:
1801:
1798:
1797:
1794:
1786:
1785:
1761:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1723:
1720:
1717:
1712:
1708:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1670:
1667:
1664:
1659:
1655:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1642:8.933; 112.350
1617:
1614:
1609:
1606:
1602:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1589:8.867; 112.250
1564:
1561:
1556:
1553:
1549:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1536:9.850; 114.483
1511:
1508:
1505:
1500:
1496:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1483:7.850; 112.917
1458:
1455:
1452:
1447:
1443:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1394:
1390:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1377:7.367; 113.833
1352:
1349:
1346:
1341:
1337:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1288:
1284:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1245:
1242:
1239:
1234:
1230:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1184:Nanshan Island
1181:
1177:
1176:
1173:
1170:
1163:9.867; 114.317
1138:
1135:
1132:
1127:
1123:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1073:
1069:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1020:
1016:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1003:8.633; 111.917
978:
975:
974:Spratly Island
972:
970:Spratly Island
967:
963:
962:
960:
957:
925:
922:
919:
914:
910:
909:
907:
904:
872:
869:
866:
861:
857:
856:
853:
850:
818:
815:
810:
808:Itu Aba Island
805:
801:
800:
795:
792:
789:
784:
781:
778:
707:
704:
679:Southeast Asia
672:Spratly Island
574:
573:
571:
570:
563:
556:
548:
545:
544:
542:
541:
536:
531:
526:
521:
516:
514:Luconia Shoals
511:
502:
501:
500:
498:
497:
492:
487:
482:
477:
472:
467:
462:
457:
452:
433:
432:
431:
429:
428:
423:
404:
403:
402:
400:
399:
394:
389:
384:
379:
374:
369:
364:
359:
354:
349:
330:
329:
328:
326:
325:
320:
315:
310:
305:
300:
281:
280:
279:
277:
276:
271:
266:
261:
256:
251:
246:
227:
226:
225:
223:
222:
203:
202:
201:
198:
197:
191:
190:
175:
172:
171:
170:Confrontations
167:
166:
115:
112:
111:
107:
106:
103:
95:
94:
88:
87:
73:
72:
63:
62:
61:
54:
53:
47:
46:
45:
32:Spratly Island
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
16194:
16183:
16180:
16178:
16175:
16173:
16170:
16168:
16165:
16163:
16160:
16158:
16155:
16153:
16150:
16148:
16145:
16143:
16140:
16138:
16135:
16133:
16130:
16128:
16125:
16123:
16120:
16118:
16115:
16113:
16110:
16108:
16105:
16103:
16100:
16098:
16095:
16093:
16090:
16088:
16085:
16083:
16080:
16078:
16075:
16073:
16070:
16068:
16065:
16063:
16060:
16058:
16055:
16053:
16050:
16049:
16047:
16026:
16023:
16021:
16018:
16017:
16014:
16004:
16001:
15999:
15996:
15994:
15991:
15989:
15988:Ledong County
15986:
15984:
15981:
15979:
15978:Baisha County
15976:
15975:
15973:
15971:
15967:
15961:
15960:Lingao County
15958:
15956:
15953:
15951:
15948:
15946:
15943:
15942:
15940:
15938:
15934:
15927:
15924:
15921:
15918:
15915:
15912:
15909:
15906:
15903:
15900:
15899:
15897:
15895:
15891:
15888:
15882:
15874:
15855:
15848:
15845:
15842:
15839:
15836:
15833:
15830:
15827:
15824:
15821:
15818:
15815:
15812:
15809:
15806:
15803:
15801:
15798:
15797:
15795:
15791:
15784:
15781:
15778:
15775:
15772:
15769:
15766:
15763:
15760:
15757:
15754:
15751:
15748:
15745:
15742:
15739:
15738:
15736:
15734:Chengqu Area*
15732:
15728:
15721:
15716:
15714:
15709:
15707:
15702:
15701:
15698:
15695:
15693:
15689:
15683:
15680:
15674:
15670:
15669:
15668:
15665:
15664:
15662:
15660:
15656:
15650:
15647:
15645:
15642:
15640:
15637:
15635:
15632:
15631:
15629:
15627:
15623:
15617:
15614:
15612:
15609:
15607:
15604:
15602:
15599:
15598:
15596:
15594:
15590:
15587:
15585:
15579:
15575:
15570:
15565:
15558:
15553:
15551:
15546:
15544:
15539:
15538:
15535:
15519:
15516:
15514:
15511:
15509:
15506:
15504:
15501:
15500:
15498:
15496:
15492:
15486:
15483:
15481:
15478:
15476:
15473:
15471:
15468:
15467:
15465:
15463:
15459:
15453:
15450:
15449:
15447:
15445:
15441:
15431:
15428:
15426:
15423:
15421:
15418:
15416:
15413:
15411:
15408:
15406:
15403:
15402:
15400:
15398:
15394:
15388:
15385:
15383:
15380:
15378:
15375:
15373:
15370:
15368:
15365:
15363:
15360:
15358:
15355:
15353:
15350:
15349:
15347:
15343:
15340:
15338:
15334:
15328:
15325:
15323:
15320:
15319:
15317:
15315:
15311:
15305:
15302:
15300:
15297:
15295:
15292:
15290:
15287:
15285:
15282:
15280:
15277:
15275:
15272:
15270:
15267:
15266:
15264:
15262:
15258:
15251:
15248:
15247:
15245:
15243:
15239:
15233:
15230:
15228:
15225:
15223:
15220:
15219:
15217:
15215:
15211:
15208:
15204:
15194:
15191:
15190:
15188:
15186:
15182:
15176:
15173:
15171:
15168:
15166:
15163:
15161:
15158:
15156:
15153:
15151:
15148:
15146:
15143:
15142:
15140:
15138:
15134:
15126:
15123:
15121:
15118:
15116:
15113:
15111:
15108:
15106:
15105:Layang Layang
15103:
15101:
15098:
15097:
15096:
15092:
15090:
15087:
15086:
15084:
15082:
15078:
15072:
15071:Tip of Borneo
15069:
15068:
15066:
15064:
15060:
15054:
15051:
15049:
15046:
15044:
15041:
15039:(Pasir Putih)
15038:
15035:
15033:
15030:
15028:
15025:
15023:
15020:
15018:
15015:
15013:
15010:
15008:
15005:
15003:
15000:
14998:
14995:
14993:
14990:
14988:
14985:
14983:
14980:
14979:
14977:
14975:
14971:
14968:
14964:
14960:
14952:
14947:
14945:
14940:
14938:
14933:
14932:
14929:
14915:
14912:
14911:
14910:
14907:
14906:
14904:
14900:
14890:
14887:
14885:
14882:
14881:
14880:
14877:
14875:
14872:
14870:
14867:
14865:
14862:
14861:
14860:
14857:
14853:
14850:
14849:
14848:
14844:
14841:
14840:
14838:
14834:
14830:
14826:
14819:
14814:
14812:
14807:
14805:
14800:
14799:
14796:
14782:
14779:
14777:
14774:
14773:
14771:
14769:
14768:Sub-provinces
14766:
14764:
14761:
14760:
14758:
14754:
14746:
14743:
14742:
14740:
14738:
14735:
14734:
14732:
14728:
14722:
14719:
14717:
14714:
14712:
14709:
14707:
14704:
14702:
14699:
14697:
14694:
14693:
14691:
14687:
14681:
14678:
14676:
14673:
14672:
14670:
14668:
14664:
14658:
14655:
14654:
14652:
14650:
14646:
14640:
14637:
14636:
14634:
14632:
14628:
14622:
14619:
14617:
14614:
14612:
14609:
14607:
14604:
14602:
14599:
14597:
14594:
14592:
14589:
14587:
14584:
14582:
14579:
14577:
14574:
14572:
14569:
14567:
14564:
14562:
14559:
14557:
14554:
14552:
14549:
14547:
14544:
14542:
14539:
14537:
14534:
14532:
14529:
14527:
14524:
14522:
14519:
14517:
14514:
14512:
14509:
14507:
14504:
14502:
14499:
14497:
14496:Nueva Vizcaya
14494:
14492:
14489:
14487:
14484:
14482:
14479:
14477:
14474:
14472:
14469:
14467:
14464:
14462:
14459:
14457:
14454:
14452:
14449:
14447:
14444:
14442:
14439:
14437:
14434:
14432:
14431:Lanao del Sur
14429:
14427:
14424:
14422:
14419:
14417:
14414:
14412:
14409:
14407:
14404:
14402:
14399:
14397:
14394:
14392:
14389:
14387:
14384:
14382:
14379:
14377:
14376:Eastern Samar
14374:
14372:
14369:
14367:
14364:
14362:
14359:
14357:
14356:Davao del Sur
14354:
14352:
14349:
14347:
14344:
14342:
14339:
14337:
14334:
14332:
14329:
14327:
14324:
14322:
14319:
14317:
14314:
14312:
14311:Camarines Sur
14309:
14307:
14304:
14302:
14299:
14297:
14294:
14292:
14289:
14287:
14284:
14282:
14279:
14277:
14274:
14272:
14269:
14267:
14264:
14262:
14259:
14257:
14254:
14252:
14249:
14247:
14244:
14242:
14239:
14237:
14234:
14232:
14229:
14227:
14224:
14222:
14219:
14217:
14214:
14213:
14211:
14209:
14205:
14195:
14192:
14191:
14189:
14187:
14183:
14177:
14174:
14172:
14169:
14167:
14164:
14162:
14159:
14157:
14154:
14152:
14149:
14147:
14144:
14142:
14139:
14137:
14134:
14132:
14129:
14127:
14124:
14122:
14119:
14117:
14114:
14112:
14109:
14107:
14104:
14102:
14099:
14097:
14094:
14093:
14091:
14087:
14084:
14082:
14078:
14072:
14069:
14067:
14064:
14062:
14059:
14058:
14056:
14054:
14053:Island groups
14050:
14045:
14038:
14027:
14023:
14020:
14019:
14017:
14015:
14011:
14007:
14003:
13990:
13985:
13983:
13978:
13976:
13971:
13970:
13967:
13954:
13948:
13947:Lý Sơn Island
13945:
13943:
13940:
13938:
13935:
13933:
13930:
13928:
13925:
13923:
13920:
13918:
13915:
13913:
13910:
13908:
13905:
13903:
13900:
13898:
13895:
13893:
13890:
13887:
13884:
13881:
13878:
13877:
13875:
13873:
13869:
13863:
13860:
13858:
13855:
13853:
13850:
13848:
13845:
13843:
13840:
13838:
13835:
13833:
13830:
13828:
13825:
13823:
13820:
13818:
13815:
13813:
13810:
13808:
13805:
13803:
13800:
13798:
13795:
13793:
13790:
13787:
13784:
13781:
13778:
13775:
13772:
13771:
13769:
13767:
13763:
13757:
13754:
13752:
13749:
13747:
13744:
13742:
13739:
13737:
13734:
13732:
13729:
13726:
13723:
13720:
13717:
13714:
13711:
13710:
13708:
13706:
13702:
13696:
13693:
13691:
13688:
13686:
13683:
13681:
13678:
13676:
13673:
13671:
13668:
13665:
13662:
13661:
13659:
13657:
13653:
13647:
13644:
13642:
13639:
13637:
13634:
13632:
13629:
13627:
13624:
13622:
13619:
13616:
13613:
13610:
13607:
13604:
13601:
13600:
13598:
13596:
13592:
13586:
13583:
13581:
13578:
13576:
13573:
13571:
13570:Hàm Thuận Nam
13568:
13566:
13565:Hàm Thuận Bắc
13563:
13561:
13558:
13556:
13553:
13551:
13548:
13545:
13542:
13539:
13536:
13535:
13533:
13531:
13527:
13521:
13518:
13516:
13513:
13511:
13508:
13506:
13503:
13501:
13498:
13496:
13493:
13491:
13488:
13486:
13483:
13480:
13477:
13474:
13471:
13468:
13465:
13464:
13462:
13460:
13456:
13451:
13441:
13438:
13436:
13433:
13429:
13426:
13424:
13421:
13419:
13416:
13414:
13411:
13409:
13406:
13404:
13401:
13400:
13399:
13396:
13395:
13393:
13390:
13386:
13382:
13378:
13371:
13366:
13364:
13359:
13357:
13352:
13351:
13348:
13335:
13334:
13331:
13317:
13310:
13303:
13297:
13294:
13289:
13282:
13276:
13273:
13268:
13261:
13254:
13247:
13240:
13233:
13227:
13224:
13219:
13212:
13206:
13203:
13198:
13191:
13184:
13178:
13173:
13168:
13161:
13154:
13148:
13145:
13140:
13133:
13127:
13126:Pratas Island
13124:
13119:
13112:
13106:
13103:
13102:
13100:
13092:
13085:
13078:
13072:
13069:
13064:
13057:
13051:
13048:
13043:
13036:
13029:
13023:
13020:
13015:
13008:
13002:
13001:Kuril Islands
12999:
12994:
12987:
12980:
12974:
12971:
12966:
12959:
12953:
12950:
12945:
12938:
12931:
12925:
12922:
12917:
12910:
12904:
12901:
12896:
12889:
12883:
12880:
12879:
12877:
12869:
12862:
12855:
12849:
12846:
12841:
12834:
12828:
12825:
12820:
12813:
12806:
12800:
12797:
12792:
12785:
12779:
12776:
12771:
12764:
12757:
12751:
12748:
12743:
12736:
12730:
12726:
12723:
12718:
12711:
12705:
12702:
12697:
12690:
12684:
12681:
12676:
12669:
12663:
12660:
12655:
12648:
12642:
12639:
12634:
12627:
12621:
12618:
12617:
12615:
12607:
12600:
12594:
12591:
12586:
12579:
12573:
12570:
12565:
12558:
12552:
12549:
12544:
12537:
12531:
12528:
12523:
12516:
12510:
12507:
12502:
12495:
12489:
12484:
12479:
12472:
12466:
12463:
12458:
12451:
12444:
12438:
12435:
12430:
12423:
12417:
12413:
12410:
12405:
12398:
12391:
12385:
12382:
12381:
12379:
12378:
12374:
12370:
12365:
12361:
12357:
12353:
12349:
12342:
12337:
12335:
12330:
12328:
12323:
12322:
12319:
12307:
12302:
12297:
12296:
12293:
12283:
12280:
12278:
12275:
12273:
12270:
12268:
12265:
12264:
12263:
12260:
12256:
12253:
12252:
12250:
12248:
12245:
12244:
12242:
12238:
12237:
12233:
12232:
12230:
12229:
12227:
12223:
12216:
12213:
12210:
12207:
12204:
12201:
12198:
12195:
12192:
12189:
12186:
12183:
12180:
12177:
12175:
12172:
12170:
12167:
12165:
12162:
12160:
12157:
12155:
12152:
12151:
12149:
12145:
12139:
12136:
12134:
12133:Badas Islands
12131:
12129:
12126:
12124:
12121:
12120:
12118:
12116:
12112:
12106:
12103:
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12000:Bombay Castle
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11928:Ardasier Reef
11926:
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11903:
11902:
11899:
11898:
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11875:Mischief Reef
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11776:Namyit Island
11774:
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11769:
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11759:Loaita Island
11757:
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11722:Southwest Cay
11720:
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11717:Northeast Cay
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11610:Triton Island
11608:
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11590:
11589:Yagong Island
11587:
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11584:Robert Island
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11500:Pratas Island
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11296:Southwest Cay
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11266:Namyit Island
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11251:Grierson Reef
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11221:Bombay Castle
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11136:Northeast Cay
11134:
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11129:
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11126:Loaita Island
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11051:Ardasier Reef
11049:
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11039:
11033:
11027:
11024:
11022:
11021:Mischief Reef
11019:
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10727:, Irasec, 14.
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10386:The Economist
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10128:hanoitimes.vn
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9023:Business Line
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7903:. p. A2.
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7618:nansha.org.cn
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7539:《海南卫指挥佥事柴公墓志》
7538:
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7509:
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7448:90-411-1056-9
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7063:"FO 881/5741"
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6706:
6690:
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6682:
6675:
6660:. 21 May 2014
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6183:
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6175:
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6168:(in French).
6167:
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6159:
6153:
6151:
6134:
6130:
6126:
6119:
6115:
6102:sunken atoll.
6101:
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5989:
5987:
5986:Keying (ship)
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5717:
5714:
5711:
5709:
5707:
5706:Meiji Airport
5704:
5702:
5691:
5689:
5688:Mischief Reef
5686:
5685:
5681:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5671:
5670:Zhubi Airport
5668:
5666:
5655:
5653:
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5649:
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5436:
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5428:
5425:, Japan, the
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5306:
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5301:Spain in the
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5258:
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5218:
5217:United States
5213:
5208:
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5129:
5124:
5122:
5117:
5115:
5110:
5107:
5103:
5099:
5095:
5090:
5088:
5087:North Vietnam
5084:
5083:South Vietnam
5080:
5076:
5072:
5071:Phạm Văn Đồng
5068:
5067:North Vietnam
5060:
5056:
5052:
5048:
5047:Southwest Cay
5044:
5039:
5035:
5031:
5029:
5025:
5021:
5015:
5013:
5009:
5005:
5001:
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4980:
4976:
4968:
4964:
4960:
4956:
4952:
4943:
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4937:
4921:
4920:Shinnan Shoto
4917:
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4752:
4748:
4744:
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4722:
4718:
4716:
4711:
4707:
4703:
4700:) by scholar
4699:
4695:
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4687:
4683:
4671:
4667:
4663:
4658:
4650:
4646:
4644:
4640:
4639:Wanli Shitang
4630:
4626:
4616:
4612:
4608:
4604:
4600:
4596:
4592:
4588:
4587:
4582:
4581:Wanli Shitang
4578:
4572:
4569:
4566:
4561:
4552:
4551:Wanli Shitang
4548:
4538:
4534:
4530:
4526:
4525:
4520:
4512:
4508:
4504:
4494:
4489:
4480:
4478:
4474:
4470:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4454:
4450:
4446:
4442:
4438:
4430:
4426:
4422:
4418:
4413:
4406:
4402:
4398:
4394:
4389:
4380:
4378:
4374:
4369:
4365:
4363:
4362:Mischief Reef
4359:
4355:
4351:
4347:
4342:
4340:
4335:
4331:
4329:
4325:
4321:
4317:
4312:
4310:
4306:
4302:
4297:
4295:
4291:
4281:
4277:
4260:
4256:
4252:
4248:
4244:
4243:Ardasier Reef
4240:
4236:
4217:
4212:
4206:
4201:
4200:Orleana Shoal
4195:
4190:
4184:
4179:
4178:Grainger Bank
4173:
4168:
4162:
4157:
4156:Vanguard Bank
4151:
4146:
4142:
4141:Bombay Castle
4138:
4134:
4130:
4126:
4122:
4118:
4114:
4110:
4106:
4102:
4098:
4094:
4090:
4086:
4082:
4081:Grierson Reef
4078:
4074:
4070:
4066:
4065:Namyit Island
4062:
4058:
4057:Southwest Cay
4054:
4037:
4033:
4029:
4025:
4021:
4017:
4016:Northeast Cay
4013:
4009:
4008:Loaita Island
4005:
4001:
3997:
3993:
3976:
3972:
3968:
3964:
3960:
3956:
3952:
3948:
3931:
3927:
3924:(Taiwan): 1:
3923:
3905:
3901:
3893:
3887:
3868:
3849:
3830:
3811:
3780:
3761:
3742:
3723:
3704:
3685:
3666:
3647:
3628:
3609:
3590:
3571:
3552:
3533:
3514:
3495:
3476:
3457:
3438:
3419:
3400:
3381:
3362:
3343:
3324:
3305:
3286:
3267:
3248:
3229:
3210:
3191:
3172:
3153:
3134:
3115:
3096:
3077:
3058:
3039:
3020:
3001:
2982:
2963:
2944:
2925:
2906:
2887:
2868:
2695:
2688:
2675:
2673:
2668:
2666:
2662:
2658:
2654:
2650:
2646:
2645:Southwest Cay
2642:
2638:
2634:
2633:Sterna bergii
2630:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2597:
2595:
2591:
2587:
2583:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2567:
2566:Magnoliophyta
2562:
2552:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2530:
2526:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2513:coastal scrub
2510:
2506:
2502:
2492:
2490:
2486:
2477:
2475:
2471:
2466:
2463:
2454:
2451:
2446:
2443:
2439:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2424:
2420:
2417:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2402:that include
2401:
2397:
2394:, dark-green
2393:
2389:
2385:
2381:
2378:
2375:
2372:that include
2371:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2356:
2352:
2351:oceanic crust
2348:
2344:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2318:
2309:
2305:
2301:
2299:
2295:
2292:Filipino name
2290:
2281:
2278:
2277:
2273:
2271:
2267:
2262:
2254:
2252:
2248:
2244:
2240:
2238:
2234:
2229:
2220:Nâm-so Kún-tō
2217:
2214:
2210:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2193:
2190:
2186:
2178:
2176:
2172:
2164:
2162:
2158:
2155:
2151:
2146:Nánshā Qúndǎo
2143:
2141:
2137:
2134:
2130:
2125:
2121:
2113:
2111:
2107:
2099:
2097:
2093:
2088:
2084:
2079:
2072:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2059:
2052:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2040:
2033:
2030:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2017:
2010:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1998:
1991:
1988:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1975:
1968:
1964:
1962:
1958:
1951:
1946:
1943:
1942:Southwest Cay
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1900:Southwest Cay
1898:
1896:
1895:Northeast Cay
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1872:
1870:
1868:Major islands
1866:
1863:
1859:
1857:Total islands
1855:
1850:
1822:
1818:
1815:
1812:
1808:
1803:
1799:
1792:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1773:
1771:
1766:
1759:
1756:
1752:
1724:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1710:
1709:
1706:
1703:
1699:
1671:
1668:
1666:Nanshan Group
1665:
1663:
1660:
1657:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1646:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1604:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1593:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1550:
1547:
1544:
1540:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1503:Grierson Reef
1501:
1498:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1487:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1434:
1406:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1397:Namyit Island
1395:
1392:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1381:
1353:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1328:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1291:Loaita Island
1289:
1286:
1285:
1282:~2.1 ha
1281:
1278:
1274:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1221:
1193:
1190:
1188:Nanshan Group
1187:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1174:
1171:
1167:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1124:
1120:
1117:
1113:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1076:Southwest Cay
1074:
1071:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1060:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1023:Northeast Cay
1021:
1018:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1007:
979:
976:
973:
971:
968:
965:
964:
961:
958:
954:
926:
923:
920:
918:
915:
912:
911:
908:
905:
901:
873:
870:
867:
865:
862:
859:
858:
854:
851:
847:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
803:
802:
796:
793:
790:
785:
782:
779:
776:
775:
772:
769:
767:
763:
759:
754:
752:
747:
745:
740:
738:
734:
729:
727:
718:
713:
703:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
680:
675:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
608:Nánshā Qúndǎo
604:
596:
593:
589:
585:
581:
569:
564:
562:
557:
555:
550:
549:
547:
546:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
507:
506:
496:
493:
491:
488:
486:
483:
481:
478:
476:
473:
471:
468:
466:
463:
461:
458:
456:
453:
451:
448:
447:
444:
438:
427:
424:
422:
419:
418:
415:
409:
398:
395:
393:
390:
388:
385:
383:
380:
378:
375:
373:
370:
368:
365:
363:
360:
358:
355:
353:
350:
348:
345:
344:
341:
335:
324:
321:
319:
316:
314:
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
299:
296:
295:
292:
286:
275:
272:
270:
267:
265:
262:
260:
257:
255:
252:
250:
247:
245:
242:
241:
238:
232:
221:
218:
217:
214:
208:
200:
199:
196:
193:
192:
188:
187:
183:
179:
174:
173:
169:
168:
164:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
114:
113:
109:
108:
101:
97:
96:
93:
90:
89:
85:
84:
76:
66:
51:
44:
40:
33:
19:
15886:administered
15793:Binhai Area*
15357:Kinabatangan
14878:
14847:North Borneo
14391:Ilocos Norte
14346:Davao de Oro
14000:
13418:Ngũ Hành Sơn
13397:
12725:North Borneo
12416:Azad Kashmir
12277:Swallow Reef
12234:
12097:
12091:Southern SCS
12062:Swallow Reef
11973:London Reefs
11906:Collins Reef
11880:Sabina Shoal
11816:Western Reef
11732:Thitu Island
11728:Thitu Reefs
11656:
11640:Walker Shoal
11579:Money Island
11556:Woody Island
11541:Rocky Island
11511:
11504:
11371:Whitsun Reef
11366:Western Reef
11356:Sabina Shoal
11306:Tennent Reef
11271:Pearson Reef
11231:Collins Reef
11146:Thitu Island
11076:Swallow Reef
10919:London Reefs
10866:
10810:
10799:
10779:
10757:
10732:
10723:
10693:
10682:
10673:
10654:
10642:. Retrieved
10613:. Retrieved
10599:
10587:
10583:Taipei Times
10581:
10569:
10557:. Retrieved
10552:
10543:
10536:the original
10527:
10515:. Retrieved
10486:. Retrieved
10477:
10467:
10455:. Retrieved
10446:
10437:
10425:. Retrieved
10416:
10406:
10396:14 September
10394:. Retrieved
10385:
10376:
10364:. Retrieved
10353:
10343:
10331:. Retrieved
10323:The Guardian
10322:
10312:
10303:
10294:
10260:. Retrieved
10246:
10234:. Retrieved
10225:
10215:
10203:. Retrieved
10194:
10185:
10173:. Retrieved
10166:the original
10156:
10138:
10131:. Retrieved
10127:
10117:
10105:. Retrieved
10101:
10091:
10079:. Retrieved
10065:
10053:. Retrieved
10044:
10034:
10022:. Retrieved
10008:
9996:. Retrieved
9982:
9970:. Retrieved
9961:
9951:
9937:
9927:26 September
9925:. Retrieved
9916:
9912:
9902:
9890:. Retrieved
9886:the original
9881:
9871:
9864:
9849:
9837:. Retrieved
9833:the original
9818:
9806:. Retrieved
9802:the original
9795:
9786:
9776:28 September
9774:. Retrieved
9763:
9754:
9742:. Retrieved
9731:
9721:
9707:. Retrieved
9703:the original
9698:
9683:. Retrieved
9669:
9661:
9649:. Retrieved
9645:the original
9638:
9628:
9616:. Retrieved
9612:the original
9605:
9596:
9577:
9565:. Retrieved
9556:
9546:
9534:. Retrieved
9526:Inquirer.net
9525:
9516:
9504:. Retrieved
9496:Inquirer.net
9495:
9486:
9474:. Retrieved
9460:
9448:. Retrieved
9434:
9422:. Retrieved
9408:
9394:. Retrieved
9385:
9374:the original
9369:
9353:. Retrieved
9344:
9328:. Retrieved
9307:. Retrieved
9298:
9282:. Retrieved
9273:
9257:. Retrieved
9248:
9232:. Retrieved
9224:Taipei Times
9223:
9208:. Retrieved
9199:
9188:the original
9183:
9168:. Retrieved
9164:the original
9159:
9144:. Retrieved
9140:the original
9135:
9120:. Retrieved
9111:
9096:. Retrieved
9076:. Retrieved
9056:. Retrieved
9047:
9031:. Retrieved
9022:
9007:. Retrieved
8998:
8983:. Retrieved
8979:the original
8963:. Retrieved
8959:the original
8948:
8936:. Retrieved
8932:the original
8927:
8917:
8905:. Retrieved
8901:the original
8896:
8886:
8874:. Retrieved
8870:the original
8865:
8855:
8843:. Retrieved
8839:the original
8834:
8809:. Retrieved
8800:
8790:
8778:. Retrieved
8770:The Diplomat
8769:
8759:
8747:. Retrieved
8740:the original
8735:
8722:
8710:. Retrieved
8706:the original
8701:
8691:
8679:. Retrieved
8675:the original
8670:
8660:
8648:. Retrieved
8640:ABS CBN News
8639:
8629:
8616:
8604:. Retrieved
8589:
8577:
8565:. Retrieved
8557:"中华人民共和国外交部"
8551:
8546:, p. 81
8539:
8527:. Retrieved
8523:the original
8518:
8493:. Retrieved
8473:
8449:
8437:. Retrieved
8423:
8407:
8398:20 September
8396:, retrieved
8382:
8372:
8360:. Retrieved
8351:
8341:
8329:. Retrieved
8309:
8272:
8263:
8243:
8191:
8185:
8160:
8156:
8146:
8128:
8116:. Retrieved
8096:
8071:. Retrieved
8061:
8049:. Retrieved
8029:
8022:
8010:. Retrieved
7982:
7956:. Retrieved
7947:
7937:
7918:the original
7909:
7900:
7894:
7874:
7867:
7847:
7840:
7821:
7815:
7803:. Retrieved
7783:
7776:
7764:. Retrieved
7744:
7717:
7705:. Retrieved
7696:
7687:
7678:
7674:
7654:
7626:. Retrieved
7617:
7608:
7600:
7596:
7591:《大清万年一统地量全图》
7588:
7584:
7579:《大清万年一统天下全图》
7576:
7572:
7564:
7560:
7548:
7544:
7536:
7532:
7517:
7508:
7500:
7492:
7480:. Retrieved
7472:fmprc.gov.cn
7471:
7462:
7428:
7418:
7406:. Retrieved
7386:
7379:
7367:. Retrieved
7360:the original
7355:
7342:
7322:
7300:. Retrieved
7280:
7256:. Retrieved
7252:the original
7247:
7238:
7227:, retrieved
7203:
7196:
7184:. Retrieved
7175:
7166:
7154:. Retrieved
7144:
7138:
7119:
7113:
7101:. Retrieved
7097:the original
7092:
7083:
7071:. Retrieved
7057:
7045:. Retrieved
7031:
7018:
7008:
6996:. Retrieved
6982:
6970:. Retrieved
6940:. Retrieved
6901:. Retrieved
6892:
6888:
6878:
6858:
6846:. Retrieved
6839:the original
6834:
6830:
6817:
6805:. Retrieved
6786:
6779:
6767:. Retrieved
6763:the original
6753:
6724:. Retrieved
6715:
6705:
6693:. Retrieved
6684:
6674:
6662:. Retrieved
6652:
6640:. Retrieved
6629:
6617:. Retrieved
6606:
6598:
6593:
6581:. Retrieved
6572:
6563:
6555:
6539:
6523:
6507:
6475:
6468:
6454:
6442:. Retrieved
6438:the original
6428:
6416:. Retrieved
6412:the original
6402:
6383:
6370:
6362:the original
6357:
6348:
6336:. Retrieved
6322:
6313:
6301:. Retrieved
6293:The Diplomat
6292:
6282:
6273:
6249:. Retrieved
6235:
6226:
6186:. Retrieved
6169:
6165:
6137:. Retrieved
6128:
6118:
6094:, a name of
6091:
6083:
6078:
6041:
5935:Ocean portal
5900:A view from
5856:
5829:
5824:China Mobile
5821:
5814:
5803:
5724:Thitu Island
5577:Swallow Reef
5363:
5344:
5326:
5319:
5315:
5307:
5299:
5288:
5261:
5246:
5241:
5236:
5231:
5229:
5209:
5202:
5191:
5175:
5171:
5163:
5149:Sierra Madre
5148:
5144:
5125:
5121:Lee Teng-hui
5118:
5111:
5091:
5064:
5032:
5016:
4972:
4940:
4919:
4897:
4893:
4883:
4880:
4856:
4849:
4831:municipality
4791:
4768:
4764:Qing dynasty
4754:
4742:
4739:Thitu Island
4733:
4731:
4727:
4697:
4693:
4689:
4681:
4675:
4643:Qing dynasty
4638:
4628:
4624:
4614:
4609:dating from
4591:Yuan dynasty
4584:
4580:
4559:
4550:
4536:
4522:
4519:Song Dynasty
4516:
4500:
4457:
4439:troops from
4433:
4424:
4416:
4370:
4366:
4343:
4336:
4332:
4313:
4298:
4287:
4239:Swallow Reef
4133:Collins Reef
4089:Pearson Reef
4020:Thitu Island
3899:
2669:
2665:sperm whales
2661:pilot whales
2640:
2632:
2624:
2616:
2608:
2598:
2585:
2573:
2570:green turtle
2558:
2509:scrub forest
2498:
2488:
2483:
2467:
2464:
2460:
2447:
2434:
2374:calc-alkalic
2335:fault blocks
2328:
2215:Romanization
2189:Southern Min
2140:Hanyu Pinyin
2090:Chinese name
2043:Municipality
2020:Municipality
1880:Thitu Island
1767:
1764:
1612:London Reefs
1559:London Reefs
1348:Swallow Reef
1344:Swallow Reef
864:Thitu Island
770:
755:
748:
741:
730:
725:
723:
688:Taiwan (ROC)
676:
670:who sighted
606:
579:
577:
539:Whitsun Reef
534:Western Reef
529:Sabina Shoal
441:Occupied by
414:Taiwan (ROC)
412:Occupied by
289:Occupied by
235:Occupied by
211:Occupied by
176:
116:
91:
64:
43:
15397:Tributaries
15345:Main rivers
14829:Philippines
14491:Nueva Ecija
14326:Catanduanes
14006:Philippines
13275:Taiwan Area
12973:James Shoal
12099:James Shoal
12057:Louisa Reef
12052:Amboyna Cay
11938:Dallas Reef
11911:Hughes Reef
11901:Union Banks
11834:Flat Island
11801:Irving Reef
11771:Gaven Reefs
11766:Tizard Bank
11749:Lankiam Cay
11744:Loaita Bank
11605:Bombay Reef
11546:Tree Island
11276:Petley Reef
11211:Amboyna Cay
11206:Alison Reef
11116:Lankiam Cay
11111:Irving Reef
11106:Flat Island
11093:Philippines
11056:Dallas Reef
11011:Hughes Reef
11006:Gaven Reefs
10971:Louisa Reef
10939:Union Banks
10934:Tizard Bank
10914:Loaita Bank
10644:26 December
10615:26 December
10427:28 February
9892:3 September
9567:28 February
9136:InterAksyon
8999:Space Daily
8495:16 December
8331:16 December
8118:16 December
7681:(6): 31–32.
7657:, pp. 42–48
7229:16 December
7073:20 February
6903:17 December
6726:28 February
6695:28 February
6100:Union Banks
6092:Chigua Reef
6088:Hughes Reef
5902:Amboyna Cay
5855:An ancient
5764:(Trường Sa)
5738:Philippines
5519:Occupied by
5451:South Korea
5431:New Zealand
5427:Netherlands
5295:Cham people
5276:Vietnam War
5257:Philippines
5079:Vietnam War
5012:Freedomland
5008:Tomás Cloma
4776:micronation
4607:Mao Kun map
4524:Zhu fan zhi
4493:Mao Kun map
4469:Cham people
4460:Tabon Caves
4429:Velarde map
4393:Velarde map
4358:Hughes Reef
4324:marine park
4280:Louisa Reef
4247:Dallas Reef
4214: [
4203: [
4192: [
4181: [
4170: [
4159: [
4148: [
4125:Petley Reef
4117:Alison Reef
4109:Pigeon Reef
4077:Amboyna Cay
4032:Irving Reef
4000:Lankiam Cay
3996:Flat Island
3992:Philippines
2613:brown booby
2549:white peach
2547:, and even
2485:Coral reefs
2480:Coral reefs
2013:Philippines
1965:Brunei zone
1844: /
1820:Coordinates
1746: /
1719:Loaita Bank
1715:Lankiam Cay
1693: /
1662:Flat Island
1640: /
1587: /
1534: /
1507:Union Banks
1481: /
1454:Amboyna Cay
1450:Amboyna Cay
1428: /
1401:Tizard Bank
1375: /
1322: /
1295:Loaita Bank
1268: /
1241:Tizard Bank
1215: /
1175:~1 ha
1161: /
1134:Union Banks
1121:~8 ha
1107: /
1054: /
1001: /
948: /
895: /
868:Thitu Reefs
855:~6 ha
841: /
813:Tizard Bank
780:Island name
751:arable land
726:(see below)
700:Louisa Reef
684:China (PRC)
656:Philippines
632:archipelago
340:Philippines
237:China (PRC)
16046:Categories
15884:Provincial
15518:Takob Akob
15495:Waterfalls
15299:Tambuyukon
15155:Karambunai
15137:Peninsulas
15048:Schomburgk
14756:Historical
14745:Cordillera
14521:Pangasinan
14451:Marinduque
14396:Ilocos Sur
14186:Autonomous
13917:Nghĩa Hành
13880:Quảng Ngãi
13862:Tiên Phước
13857:Thăng Bình
13822:Nam Trà My
13802:Đông Giang
13792:Bắc Trà My
13680:Ninh Phước
13636:Khánh Vĩnh
13626:Diên Khánh
13538:Phan Thiết
13520:Vĩnh Thạnh
13413:Liên Chiểu
12384:Aksai Chin
12272:Spratly Is
11943:Erica Reef
11754:Loaita Cay
11291:South Reef
11121:Loaita Cay
11061:Erica Reef
10559:27 October
10107:8 December
9839:20 October
9200:China Post
9048:China Post
8650:29 October
8439:24 January
8291:, p.
7958:29 October
7805:30 October
7628:7 February
7603:《大清一统天下全图》
7522:Commandery
7482:2 December
7408:27 October
7089:"Timeline"
6769:5 February
6583:30 October
6444:4 December
6139:29 October
6065:References
5507:See also:
5473:, Russia,
5467:Montenegro
5284:Khmer Krom
5280:Montagnard
5196:" and the
5104:. After a
5098:tide gauge
5075:Zhou Enlai
4996:Kuomintang
4868:Mao Zedong
4715:Lê dynasty
4702:Lê Quý Đôn
4529:Zhao Rugua
4251:Erica Reef
4129:South Reef
4004:Loaita Cay
2641:Gygis alba
2637:white tern
2580:) and the
2578:endangered
2495:Vegetation
2474:endosmosis
2419:migmatites
2396:claystones
2392:siltstones
2388:sandstones
2367:Cretaceous
2264:Malay name
2237:Vietnamese
1948:Claimed by
1841:10°N 114°E
621:Vietnamese
503:Unoccupied
15902:Wuzhishan
15829:Baimajing
15783:Dongcheng
15611:Qiongshan
15566:of Hainan
15503:Kadamaian
15480:Magdalena
15452:Kundasang
15279:Kaingaran
15261:Mountains
15227:Gomantong
15110:Mantanani
15093:disputed
15043:Sepanggar
14680:Poblacion
14667:Barangays
14601:Tawi-Tawi
14551:Sarangani
14208:Provinces
13907:Minh Long
13852:Tây Giang
13842:Phước Sơn
13832:Núi Thành
13817:Nam Giang
13807:Duy Xuyên
13746:Sông Hinh
13731:Đồng Xuân
13695:Thuận Nam
13690:Thuận Bắc
13641:Trường Sa
13631:Khánh Sơn
13609:Nha Trang
13585:Tuy Phong
13580:Tánh Linh
13510:Tuy Phước
13479:Hoài Nhơn
13428:Thanh Khê
13377:Districts
13205:Sir Creek
12509:Hong Kong
12247:Pratas Is
12243:Airports
12225:Transport
12010:Ladd Reef
11737:Subi Reef
11695:Dangerous
11561:Qilian Yu
11551:West Sand
11256:Ladd Reef
11026:Subi Reef
10590:), and a
10517:25 August
9854:Editorial
9808:16 August
9699:Bloomberg
9675:Bloomberg
8289:King 1979
8177:0090-8320
8002:0904-597X
7553:world map
6895:: 13–14.
6792:Routledge
6110:Citations
5726:(Pag-asa)
5652:Subi Reef
5375:Australia
5198:Reed Bank
5132:Trường Sa
4916:submarine
4836:Trường Sa
4829:Kaohsiung
4770:Humanity/
4760:Guangdong
4710:Trường Sa
4662:Trường Sa
4427:) on the
4328:Khánh Hòa
4101:Ladd Reef
3930:Zhongzhou
2672:ecoregion
2649:cetaceans
2601:wintering
2533:pineapple
2531:in 1938;
2529:mangroves
2438:Oligocene
2408:muscovite
2384:intrusive
2377:extrusive
2331:carbonate
2213:Hainanese
2071:Khánh Hòa
2067:Trường Sa
2048:Kaohsiung
1922:Coastline
1805:Geography
797:Reclaimed
599:南沙群島/南沙群岛
15937:Counties
15926:Dongfang
15914:Wenchang
15908:Qionghai
15847:Xingzhou
15777:Guangcun
15673:Zhongsha
15470:Bombalai
15420:Pandasan
15327:Trusmadi
15304:Trusmadi
15284:Kinabalu
15175:Semporna
15170:Sandakan
15145:Bengkoka
15115:Peninjau
15032:Sandakan
15012:Marchesa
14772:Regions
14730:Proposed
14606:Zambales
14561:Sorsogon
14556:Siquijor
14516:Pampanga
14416:La Union
14381:Guimaras
14341:Cotabato
14316:Camiguin
14291:Bukidnon
14271:Batangas
14071:Mindanao
13942:Tư Nghĩa
13937:Trà Bồng
13932:Sơn Tịnh
13897:Bình Sơn
13837:Phú Ninh
13827:Nông Sơn
13812:Hiệp Đức
13786:Điện Bàn
13725:Sông Cầu
13719:Đông Hòa
13685:Ninh Sơn
13675:Ninh Hải
13646:Vạn Ninh
13615:Ninh Hòa
13603:Cam Ranh
13555:Đức Linh
13550:Bắc Bình
13515:Vân Canh
13467:Quy Nhơn
13440:Hoàng Sa
13435:Hòa Vang
13408:Hải Châu
13050:Noktundo
12551:Kalapani
12282:Thitu Is
12255:Woody Is
11781:Sand Cay
11281:Sand Cay
11043:Malaysia
10784:. IBRU.
10755:(2011).
10702:Archived
10662:Archived
10511:Archived
10482:Archived
10451:Archived
10421:Archived
10390:Archived
10360:Archived
10327:Archived
10256:Archived
10230:Archived
10199:Archived
10133:22 March
10075:Archived
10049:Archived
10018:Archived
9992:Archived
9966:Archived
9921:Archived
9857:Archived
9770:Archived
9738:Archived
9679:Archived
9607:The Star
9585:Archived
9561:Archived
9530:Archived
9500:Archived
9476:14 March
9470:Archived
9444:Archived
9418:Archived
9390:Archived
9349:Archived
9330:10 March
9324:Archived
9309:10 March
9303:Archived
9284:10 March
9278:Archived
9259:10 March
9253:Archived
9228:Archived
9204:Archived
9116:Archived
9092:Archived
9072:Archived
9052:Archived
9027:Archived
9003:Archived
8845:10 March
8811:17 March
8805:Archived
8780:17 March
8774:Archived
8681:10 March
8644:Archived
8600:Archived
8561:Archived
8544:Pak 2000
8489:Archived
8433:Archived
8356:Archived
8325:Archived
8253:Archived
8232:Archived
8221:Archived
8112:Archived
8051:10 March
8045:Archived
8012:10 March
8006:Archived
7952:Archived
7926:Archived
7799:Archived
7760:Archived
7701:Archived
7622:Archived
7614:"大南一统全图"
7503:(元代疆域图叙)
7476:Archived
7402:Archived
7296:Archived
7223:archived
7186:21 March
7180:Archived
7156:21 March
7150:Archived
7103:21 March
7067:Archived
7041:Archived
7023:Archived
6992:Archived
6966:Archived
6933:Archived
6897:Archived
6867:Archived
6720:Archived
6689:Archived
6577:Archived
6573:BBC News
6391:Archived
6332:Archived
6303:27 April
6297:Archived
6245:Archived
6182:Archived
6160:(1939).
6133:Archived
5921:See also
5606:1,367 m
5591:Malaysia
5516:Location
5503:Airports
5471:Pakistan
5447:Slovakia
5439:Portugal
5255:and the
5100:for the
4957:'s (now
4876:Móng Cái
4824:province
4818:Kalayaan
4706:Hoàng Sa
4666:Hoàng Sa
4611:Zheng He
4235:Malaysia
4061:Sand Cay
2709:124miles
2653:dolphins
2651:such as
2555:Wildlife
2501:monsoons
2450:Cenozoic
2412:feldspar
2363:Jurassic
2359:Triassic
2175:Jyutping
2062:District
2025:Kalayaan
1994:Malaysia
1810:Location
1770:Paracels
1734:114°32′E
1681:115°49′E
1628:112°21′E
1575:112°15′E
1522:114°29′E
1469:112°55′E
1416:114°22′E
1363:113°50′E
1310:114°25′E
1256:114°28′E
1237:Sand Cay
1203:115°49′E
1149:114°19′E
1095:114°20′E
1042:114°21′E
989:111°55′E
936:115°01′E
883:114°17′E
829:114°21′E
791:Location
783:in Atoll
660:Malaysia
629:disputed
627:) are a
592:Mandarin
584:Filipino
291:Malaysia
15920:Wanning
15835:Zhonghe
15771:Lanyang
15759:Dacheng
15753:Nanfeng
15727:Danzhou
15692:Danzhou
15644:Haitang
15616:Xiuying
15601:Longhua
15444:Valleys
15425:Pegalan
15405:Kibunut
15362:Kolopis
15322:Crocker
15289:Lumarku
15193:Balabac
15185:Straits
15081:Islands
15002:Kimanis
14884:dispute
14852:dispute
14836:Current
14827:by the
14541:Romblon
14531:Quirino
14511:Palawan
14456:Masbate
14411:Kalinga
14406:Isabela
14301:Cagayan
14296:Bulacan
14281:Biliran
14276:Benguet
14266:Batanes
14256:Basilan
14241:Antique
14081:Regions
14066:Visayas
14014:Capital
14004:of the
13927:Sơn Tây
13886:Đức Phổ
13847:Quế Sơn
13797:Đại Lộc
13751:Tây Hòa
13741:Sơn Hòa
13736:Phú Hòa
13713:Tuy Hòa
13621:Cam Lâm
13560:Hàm Tân
13505:Tây Sơn
13495:Phù Cát
13490:Hoài Ân
13473:An Nhơn
13423:Sơn Trà
13389:Da Nang
13379:of the
13177:Islands
12882:Ambalat
12267:Itu Aba
12147:History
11198:Vietnam
10902:Regions
10488:13 July
10457:21 June
10366:13 July
10333:13 July
10262:13 July
10236:13 July
10205:13 July
10175:13 July
9797:Bernama
9744:25 June
9536:28 June
9506:28 June
9450:21 June
9424:16 July
8275:. 2012.
8073:12 July
7766:29 June
7707:19 July
7652:(1979)
7551:tianxia
7302:19 July
7258:29 June
6848:6 April
6807:6 April
6664:28 July
6642:28 July
6619:28 July
6084:Erratum
5842:Gallery
5817:Viettel
5787:1976–77
5776:Vietnam
5637:AG 4553
5483:Vanuatu
5443:Romania
5419:Ireland
5407:Germany
5399:Finland
5395:Denmark
5383:Belgium
5379:Austria
5253:Vietnam
4822:Palawan
4704:, both
4577:Paracel
4517:In the
4491:In the
4425:Paragua
4421:Palawan
4401:Palawan
4383:History
4337:A 2014
4053:Vietnam
3975:Dongmen
3963:Huayang
3951:Yongshu
3926:Taiping
2635:), and
2625:S. sula
2561:benthic
2525:coconut
2457:Ecology
2442:Miocene
2430:schists
2404:biotite
2380:igneous
2343:grabens
2325:Geology
2298:Tagalog
2251:Hán-Nôm
2196:Hokkien
2055:Vietnam
2029:Palawan
1846:10; 114
1731:10°43′N
1678:10°49′N
1625:08°56′N
1572:08°52′N
1519:09°51′N
1466:07°51′N
1413:10°11′N
1360:07°22′N
1307:10°40′N
1253:10°23′N
1200:10°45′N
1146:09°52′N
1092:11°26′N
1039:11°28′N
986:08°38′N
933:11°05′N
880:11°03′N
826:10°23′N
664:Vietnam
634:in the
595:Chinese
443:Vietnam
16127:Sansha
15823:Wangwu
15811:Haitou
15805:Mutang
15765:Yaxing
15747:Heqing
15659:Sansha
15649:Yazhou
15639:Tianya
15634:Jiyang
15606:Meilan
15593:Haikou
15584:cities
15513:Maliau
15430:Sibuku
15415:Liwagu
15387:Tuaran
15372:Paitan
15337:Rivers
15053:Tambak
15027:Paitan
15017:Marudu
14997:Darvel
14987:Brunei
14902:Former
14701:Sitios
14696:Puroks
14631:Cities
14596:Tarlac
14526:Quezon
14421:Laguna
14401:Iloilo
14386:Ifugao
14331:Cavite
14261:Bataan
14251:Aurora
14246:Apayao
14022:Manila
13922:Sơn Hà
13912:Mộ Đức
13902:Lý Sơn
13780:Tam Kỳ
13774:Hội An
13756:Tuy An
13670:Bác Ái
13500:Phù Mỹ
13485:An Lão
13403:Cẩm Lệ
12641:Ladakh
12358:, and
12231:Ships
12217:(2014)
12211:(2012)
12205:(2012)
12199:(1988)
12193:(1975)
12187:(1974)
12181:(1944)
11697:Ground
11168:Taiwan
10963:Brunei
10894:(1988)
10888:(1975)
10788:
10765:
9709:14 May
9685:14 May
9651:14 May
9618:14 May
9396:14 May
9355:1 June
9234:14 May
9210:14 May
9170:14 May
9146:14 May
9122:14 May
9098:14 May
9078:14 May
9058:14 May
9033:14 May
9009:14 May
8985:14 May
8965:14 May
8938:14 May
8907:14 May
8876:14 May
8712:14 May
8567:9 June
8529:14 May
8481:
8415:
8389:
8362:1 June
8317:
8198:
8175:
8104:
8037:
8000:
7990:
7882:
7855:
7828:
7791:
7752:
7519:Hainan
7453:
7446:
7435:
7394:
7330:
7288:
7215:
7126:
6998:13 May
6972:14 May
6942:13 May
6798:
6487:
6418:4 June
6338:13 May
5773:
5735:
5698:
5662:
5625:
5588:
5550:
5534:Notes
5531:Length
5485:. The
5461:, the
5459:Sweden
5435:Poland
5411:Greece
5403:France
5389:, the
5387:Canada
5355:UNCLOS
5291:Champa
5249:Airbus
4936:Taiwan
4852:Hainan
4805:Hainan
4801:Sansha
4751:whaler
4603:Russia
4477:Champa
4348:3 per
4278:: 56:
4276:Brunei
4273:
4266:
4264:
4237:: 50:
4232:
4225:
4223:
4055:: 21:
4050:
4043:
4041:
3994:: 10:
3989:
3982:
3980:
3971:Chiguo
3967:Nanxun
3944:
3937:
3935:
3919:
3912:
3910:
2663:, and
2594:Pratas
2541:banana
2537:papaya
2527:, and
2521:shrubs
2423:garnet
2416:quartz
2398:, and
2370:strata
2365:, and
2339:horsts
2036:Taiwan
1987:Hainan
1983:Sansha
1954:Brunei
692:Brunei
652:atolls
640:islets
605::
603:pinyin
597::
213:Brunei
15841:Paipu
15626:Sanya
15508:Mahua
15485:Maria
15475:Lucia
15410:Labuk
15382:Sugut
15377:Papar
15367:Padas
15352:Danum
15294:Silam
15274:Danum
15250:Skull
15242:Hills
15232:Madai
15214:Caves
15165:Kudat
15160:Klias
15120:Siput
15063:Capes
15037:Sandy
15022:Padas
15007:Labuk
14992:Cowie
14959:Sabah
14843:Sabah
14546:Samar
14536:Rizal
14436:Leyte
14321:Capiz
14286:Bohol
14236:Albay
14231:Aklan
14061:Luzon
13892:Ba Tơ
13544:La Gi
12827:Susta
12729:Sabah
12683:Macau
12593:Korea
12356:South
12045:South
10988:China
10286:(PDF)
10169:(PDF)
10162:(PDF)
10081:6 May
10055:6 May
10024:6 May
9998:6 May
9972:6 May
8749:7 May
8743:(PDF)
8732:(PDF)
8606:7 May
8138:(PDF)
7697:Trove
7526:]
7516:[
7369:6 May
7363:(PDF)
7352:(PDF)
7047:6 May
6936:(PDF)
6929:(PDF)
6842:(PDF)
6827:(PDF)
6251:7 May
6188:7 May
6070:Notes
5528:Built
5492:ASEAN
5479:Syria
5475:Sudan
5455:Spain
5423:Italy
5415:India
5268:Jihad
5183:Hanoi
4983:Cairo
4955:China
4912:Japan
4813:state
4811:Sabah
4755:Cyrus
4686:Hanoi
4625:Haiyu
4595:Korea
4558:, or
4521:work
4471:, an
4445:Japan
4350:tonne
4218:]
4207:]
4196:]
4185:]
4174:]
4163:]
4152:]
3959:Zhubi
3955:Meiji
3949:: 3:
2707:200km
2670:This
2657:orcas
2470:guano
2270:Malay
2006:Sabah
2001:State
1832:114°E
1722:00.44
1669:00.57
1616:00.88
1563:01.10
1510:01.60
1457:01.60
1404:05.30
1351:06.20
1298:06.45
1244:07.00
1191:07.93
1137:08.00
1083:12.00
1030:12.70
977:13.00
924:18.60
871:37.20
817:46.00
799:area
788:(ha.)
758:guano
737:coral
648:reefs
613:Malay
15928:city
15922:city
15916:city
15910:city
15904:city
15849:town
15843:town
15837:town
15831:town
15825:town
15819:town
15817:Eman
15813:town
15807:town
15785:town
15779:town
15773:town
15767:town
15761:town
15755:town
15749:town
15743:town
15741:Nada
15269:Alab
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