190:
7116:
3281:. These anti-apartheid organisations led protests that were both active (e.g. marching through the streets with torches) and passive (e.g. standing silently in black). Two Jewish organisations were formed in 1985: Jews for Justice (in Cape Town) and Jews for Social Justice (in Johannesburg). They tried to reform South African society and build bridges between the white and black communities. The South African Jewish Board also passed a resolution rejecting apartheid in 1985.
3937:
46:
7196:
3270:
English-speaking white South
Africans, Jews supported either the Progressive Party or the United Party. One organisation, the Union of Jewish Women, sought to alleviate the suffering of blacks through charitable projects and self-help schemes. Fourteen of the 23 whites involved in the 1956 Treason Trial were Jewish and all five whites of the 17 members of the African National Congress who were arrested for anti-apartheid activities in 1963 were Jewish.
2950:("parliament"), and from superintendencies of natives and mines. These positions were restricted to persons above 30 years of age with permanent property and a longer history of settlement. As a consequence of the fact that Boer republics were only in existence from 1857 to 1902, unfortunately many residents of the Boer republics had limited access to positions in the upper echelons of government. All instruction was to be given in a
172:
3923:
3445:
3577:
3203:
3252:, who was Jewish as well, and held him as a 'savior of the country.' The Afrikaner National Party government also collaborated with the Israeli government who sold them arms and anti-rioting equipment to suppress Black communities. The apartheid government also secretly worked with Israel to develop a nuclear program.
3285:
Johannesburg's Oxford
Synagogue and Cape Town's Temple Israel established nurseries, medical clinics and adult education programs in the townships and provided legal aid for victims of apartheid laws. Many Jewish lawyers acted as nominees for non-whites who were not allowed to buy properties in white areas.
3342:, a refugee from Nazi Germany, also played a key role in national opposition to Apartheid and later became South Africa's Ambassador to the US during its transition to democracy. The Progressive Party (later renamed the Democratic Party and then the Democratic Alliance) was later led by Jewish politician,
3193:
reported on the systematic oppression of Jewish medical professionals in
Germany. These actions included denial of graduations for Jewish medical students, employment bans, forced resignations, raids on a Jewish medical association, and violent attacks on individual doctors. The report concluded that
3134:
refugees coming to South Africa, brought such migration to almost a complete halt. Some Jews were able to enter the country, but many were unable to do so. A total of approximately six-and-a-half thousand Jews came to South Africa from
Germany between the years 1933 and 1939. During this period, many
3353:
In 1980, after 77 years of neutrality, South Africa's
National Congress of the Jewish Board of Deputies passed a resolution urging "all concerned and, in particular, members of our community to cooperate in securing the immediate amelioration and ultimate removal of all unjust discriminatory laws
3237:
maintained a cordial relationship with the South
African government even though it objected to the policies of apartheid being enacted. South Africa's Jews were permitted to collect huge sums of money to be sent on as official aid to Israel, despite strict exchange-control regulations. Per capita,
2984:
The South
African gold rush began after 1886, attracting many Jews. In 1880, the Jewish population of South Africa numbered approximately 4,000; by 1914 it had grown to more than 40,000. So many of them came from Lithuania that some referred to the population as a colony of Lithuania; Johannesburg
3287:
In 1980, South Africa's
National Congress of the Jewish Board of Deputies passed a resolution urging "all concerned and, in particular, members of our community to cooperate in securing the immediate amelioration and ultimate removal of all unjust discriminatory laws and practices based on race,
3396:
Although the Jewish community peaked in the 1970s (at around 120,000), about 52,000 mostly nominally
Orthodox, remain in South Africa. A proportion are secular, or have converted to Christianity. Despite low intermarriage rates (around 7%), approximately 1,800 Jews emigrate every year, mainly to
3474:
The 2016 Community Survey mini-census conducted by
Statistics South Africa found the largest numbers in the following municipalities: Johannesburg 23,420; Cape Town 12,672; Ethekwini (Durban) 3,599; Ekurhuleni (East Rand) 1,846; Tshwane (Pretoria) 1,579; Nelson Mandela Bay (Port Elizabeth) 623;
3269:
Many Jewish South Africans, both individuals and organisations, helped support the anti-apartheid movement. It was estimated that Jews were disproportionately represented (some sources maintain by as much as 2,500%) among whites involved in anti-apartheid political activities. Much like other
3284:
In addition to the well-known high profile Jewish anti-apartheid personalities, there were very many ordinary Jews who expressed their revulsion of apartheid in diverse ways and contributed to its eventual downfall. Many Jews actively provided humanitarian assistance for black communities.
2846:(Day of Atonement) at the home of Benjamin Norden on the corner of Weltevreden and Hof streets. Benjamin Norden, Simeon Markus, together with a score of others arriving in the early 1820s and '30s, were commercial pioneers, especially the Mosenthal brothers—Julius, Adolph (see
3329:
corporations. He was a supporter of the liberal Progressive Party and its policies, believing that granting more freedom and economic growth to South Africa's Black African majority was good politics and sound economic policy. The banner for this cause was held high by
7143:
3872:) in 1996 – as well as a midrasha; it also runs a bet midrash in Cape Town. Aish HaTorah emphasizes student-focused programming – lectures and retreats, as well as various group trips to Israel – and also runs a community synagogue for singles and young marrieds.
3478:
Kosher certification in South Africa plays a significant role in the local Jewish community. Currently, there are three agencies operating in the country, namely the Union of Orthodox Synagogues (UOS) Kosher Division, Kosher Certified South Africa (KCSA), and
3733:, Rosh Yeshiva at Yeshiva College for over 50 years, is credited with the growth of that school and its associated institutions, but more broadly, with the "massive sea change for the South African Jewish community and for its spiritual development".
3441:(2008), has been widely credited for initiating a "Bill of Responsibilities" which the government has incorporated in the national school curriculum. The chief rabbi has also pushed for community run projects to combat crime in the country.
6741:
3354:
and practices based on race, creed, or colour". This inspired some Jews to intensify their anti-apartheid activism, but the bulk of the community either emigrated or avoided public conflict with the National Party government.
6496:
3462:
restaurants and religious centres. In politics, the Jewish community continues to have influence, particularly in leadership roles. Currently, the sole national Jewish newspaper, with a readership of about 40,000, is the
3170:
argued that the Aliens Act was too lenient and advocated a complete ban on Jewish immigration, a halt in the naturalisation of Jewish permanent residents of South Africa and the banning of Jews from certain professions.
3357:
The Jewish establishment and the majority of South African Jews remained focused on Jewish issues. A few rabbis spoke out against apartheid early, but they failed to gain support and it was not until 1985 that the
3471:, commenced broadcasting in Johannesburg, and also broadcasting on the internet to the large South African "diaspora". Despite a fall in number, since 2003 the number of South African Jews has stabilised.
3989:
3879:
maintains a network of supplementary Hebrew and Religious classes at its temples. These schools are all affiliated to the SA Union for Progressive Judaism. Rabbi Sa'ar Shaked, congregational rabbi of
6531:
6814:
6810:
3656:
3288:
creed, or colour". This inspired some Jews to intensify their anti-apartheid activism, but the bulk of the community either emigrated or avoided public conflict with the National Party government.
3189:
In this period, Jewish activism in South Africa also included attempts to secure the position of Jews overseas. In 1933, following the rise of the Nazi Party in Germany, a correspondent for the
7148:
6806:
6476:
6686:
6506:
4164:
6746:
6666:
6616:
3907:
conferences are held in August/September each year. South Africa's Orthodox rabbis do not participate, unlike the UK's Orthodox Rabbinate part of whom have taken part in Limmud UK; see
6797:
6793:
6775:
6591:
6481:
5092:
2902:, as the acting attorney-general of Cape Colony he introduced and carried in 1872 the Cape Colony Responsible Government Bill and the Voluntary Bill (abolishing state aid to the
6919:
6651:
5066:
3655:
Jewish Day School (subsequently renamed), was opened in January 2012, to cater for Jewish children in the greater Durban area. In total, nineteen Day Schools, affiliated to the
6771:
6641:
5119:
4213:
6701:
6501:
4488:
3194:
the actions of the Nazi regime likely had the tacit support of the German medical establishment and ended with the request that South African doctors protest the actions.
3350:. Zille is of Jewish descent: her parents separately left Germany in the 1930s to avoid Nazi persecution (her maternal grandfather and paternal grandmother were Jewish).
6511:
3241:
Despite the anti-semitism of the ruling National Party, Jewish people were considered as white under the law and shared the same privileges as the Afrikaners. After the
1303:
3625:– the high school was established in 1955. Today, the King David schools are, combined, amongst the largest Jewish day schools in the world. King David's equivalent in
3273:
Some Jewish university students vehemently opposed the apartheid movement. A large number of Jews were also involved in organisations such as the Springbok Legion, the
3182:. South African Jews in Israel number around 20,000 in the 21st century. During this time, there were also two waves of Jewish immigration to Africa from the island of
5780:
5246:
4133:
3374:, where for generations the school has been funded and led by women from the Progressive movement, even in opposition to the Bantu Education Act, 1953 (Feld 2014).
3233:. This began a long history of cooperation between Israel and South Africa on many levels. Elements of the South Africa Jewish community through such bodies as the
3711:
5812:
3998:
3673:
youth movement. As an institution with hundreds of pupils, Yeshivah College is today the largest religious school in the country, with Torah studied alongside
1881:
1536:
1231:
4262:
6996:
6656:
4999:
Spurdle, AB; Jenkins, T (November 1996), "The origins of the Lemba "Black Jews" of southern Africa: evidence from p12F2 and other Y-chromosome markers.",
1423:
3102:
Although South Africans Jews were granted equal rights after the Second Boer War, they again became subject of persecution in the days leading up to the
3037:), though other Jews volunteered. Jews fighting on the Boer side participated in many of the major engagements of the war, and continued to fight in the
2686:. From 1880 to 1914, the Jewish population in South Africa grew from 4,000 to over 40,000. South African Jews have played an important role in promoting
3114:, was intended to curtail the immigration of Jews into South Africa. The vast majority of Jews immigrating to South Africa during this period came from
6852:
3802:, Cape Town two and Kwazulu-Natal one, all of which offer a variety of Torah classes and adult education and informal children's education programmes.
3458:
The community has become more observant and in Johannesburg, the largest centre of Jewish life with 40,000 Jews, there is a high number and density of
2631:
395:
6516:
1418:
7001:
6951:
3483:. These agencies provide certification and supervision services to ensure that food products meet the strict dietary requirements of Jewish law.
1666:
2886:
industry. Jews also played some part in early South African politics. Captain Joshua Norden was shot at the head of his Mounted Burghers in the
7006:
6946:
2811:, 1669. Despite this, Jewish immigration to the colony remained small in number due to the VOC requiring all its employees and settlers to be
3370:
while women in the movement engaged in social work as a form of protest. This includes the Moses Weiler School in Alexandra founded by Rabbi
1920:
5276:
5685:
3475:
Msunduzi (Pietermaritzburg) 600; Mangaung (Bloemfontein) 343; Stellenbosch 316; Buffalo City (East London) 251; Mbombela (Nelspruit) 242.
7173:
6934:
6929:
5805:
3674:
3430:
3363:
3107:
2927:
2820:
2683:
905:
868:
5096:
3598:, while children received secular education at government and private schools. There were, initially, no formal structures in place for
3556:
Since the late twentieth century, there has been increased media and scholarly attention about the Lemba's claim of common descent from
3245:
in which Nelson Mandela and several co-defendants, some Jewish, were sentenced to life in prison, the Apartheid government praised then-
7011:
5761:
5617:
5714:
5070:
2752:
6914:
6767:
3826:
3784:
3262:
1844:
6991:
5218:
5127:
1867:
4501:
4427:
3321:(1908–2000) (born Jewish but converted to Anglicanism upon his marriage), the richest man in South Africa and the chairman of the
3225:
came to power in 1948 it did not adopt an anti-Jewish policy despite its earlier position. In 1953 South Africa's Prime Minister,
3099:
one. This prevented Yiddish speaking Jewish immigrants from being stopped on racial ground, which has been a frequent occurrence.
6899:
4906:
1217:
5651:
A comprehensive overview of the history of the community, from early settlement in Northern and Southern Rhodesia to life today.
4830:
4143:
6961:
6845:
6433:
5798:
5766:
5654:
3359:
2660:
2624:
1794:
1729:
1611:
2946:
from military posts, from the positions of president, state secretary, or magistrate, from membership in the First and Second
7220:
7138:
6924:
5572:
5553:
5530:
5511:
5489:
5470:
5417:
4954:
4296:
3119:
915:
5382:
3229:, became the first foreign head of government to visit Israel though the trip was a "private visit" rather than an official
2899:
6571:
5254:
3970:
1353:
7064:
5149:
3297:
South African Jews have a history of political moderation and the majority supported opposition parties such as first the
2730:. As of 2021, it is estimated that 92% of the Jewish population on the African continent is concentrated in South Africa.
7163:
7133:
6966:
6671:
5613:
4800:
4773:
3015:
during the conflict. On the opposing side, roughly 300 Jews served on the Boer side; collectively they were known as the
1621:
1428:
668:
5729:
5622:
6894:
6576:
5679:
3795:
3381:
2017:
1967:
1932:
1626:
1491:
1358:
7200:
7168:
7153:
6939:
6838:
6631:
6601:
6556:
6491:
4711:
4595:
4538:
4459:
3769:
2890:
of 1846; Lieutenant Elias de Pass fought in the Xhosa War of 1849. Julius Mosenthal (1818–1880), brother of the poet
2687:
2617:
1709:
1671:
1646:
1566:
1551:
1398:
1338:
1293:
6157:
2958:
spirit, and Jewish and Catholic teachers and children were to be excluded from state-subsidised schools. Before the
7158:
6904:
6621:
4747:
3869:
3741:
3618:
3306:
3234:
3115:
2002:
1984:
1890:
1784:
1636:
1631:
1556:
1521:
1388:
4041:
7178:
6909:
6721:
6696:
6546:
6541:
6521:
6486:
6471:
6385:
6229:
5663:
5184:
4585:
3663:
2520:
2419:
1974:
1957:
1910:
1809:
1719:
1656:
1606:
1586:
1581:
1501:
1475:
1450:
1328:
1318:
1308:
1288:
1283:
4729:
4244:
2690:. South Africa's Jewish community peaked in the 1970s with an estimated 120,000 Jews living in the country. The
6956:
6784:
6706:
6676:
6661:
6646:
6636:
6626:
6586:
6536:
6456:
5458:
4266:
3791:
3131:
3001:
officer Karrie Davies, participated in some of the most significant engagements of the conflict, including the
2682:
in the 19th century, the Jewish South African community expanded greatly, in part thanks to encouragement from
1993:
1979:
1947:
1927:
1895:
1839:
1814:
1789:
1769:
1759:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1714:
1704:
1699:
1676:
1591:
1576:
1496:
1455:
1408:
1403:
1323:
1268:
2898:, was a member of the Cape Parliament in the 1850s. Simeon Jacobs, C.M.G. (1832–1883), who was a judge in the
7047:
6986:
6981:
6716:
6711:
6606:
6566:
6461:
6442:
5829:
5821:
5197:
3222:
3190:
3167:
2414:
1952:
1937:
1900:
1862:
1834:
1824:
1819:
1804:
1799:
1779:
1764:
1749:
1724:
1690:
1661:
1561:
1546:
1470:
1460:
1378:
1348:
1273:
1259:
5785:
4712:"Legendary Heroes of Africa - Stamps to Commemorate Jewish anti Apartheid South African Liberation struggle"
3794:(having ordained 98 Rabbis since its establishment in 2001), and Lubavitch Day schools in Johannesburg (the
2803:. The first records of Jews living in the colony were a baptism record of two Jewish settlers living in the
7183:
7026:
6876:
6691:
6596:
6581:
6561:
6551:
6526:
6466:
4414:
Official Year Book of the Union of South Africa and of Basutoland, Bechuanaland Protectorate, and Swaziland
4042:"Immigration and absorption - The Council of Immigrant Associations in Israel - מועצת ארגוני העולים בישראל"
3950:
3703:
3302:
3122:
recorded a total of 17,684 Yiddish speakers in the Union of South Africa with 11,528 of them living in the
2919:
2727:
2022:
1942:
1905:
1829:
1774:
1641:
1616:
1541:
1516:
1506:
1445:
1368:
1363:
1343:
1333:
1313:
1298:
1191:
895:
659:
654:
5312:
4072:
7101:
6884:
6611:
6365:
3334:, as the lone Progressive Party member in South Africa's parliament, representing the voting district of
3298:
2748:
2012:
2007:
1962:
1915:
1601:
1571:
1531:
1526:
1383:
689:
5775:
4325:. The South African Military History Society (Military History Journal – Vol 10 No 2). 21 November 2006.
7089:
7079:
6426:
6395:
5599:
3908:
3880:
3857:
3736:
In parallel to the establishment of Yeshiva College, and drawing on the same momentum, several smaller
3314:
3163:
2486:
2331:
2039:
1433:
629:
619:
355:
6264:
6234:
6190:
5037:"Lemba origins revisited: Tracing the ancestry of Y chromosomes in South African and Zimbabwean Lemba"
6380:
6182:
5604:
4180:
4107:
4064:
3883:
is currently involved in efforts to establish a Rabbinic Academy and Higher Education Institution in
3817:
movement, with other yeshivas established also. This was supported by the Israel-based organisations
3584:
3568:
analyses have established a paternal Middle-Eastern origin for the majority of the Lemba population.
3366:
took the strongest stand of any of the Jewish movements in the country against apartheid. It opposed
2891:
2600:
2293:
2144:
2085:
976:
236:
7115:
5354:
4944:
7074:
7069:
6861:
6249:
6239:
5506:. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press; in association with the South African Jewish Board of Deputies.
4678:
4641:
3861:
3335:
3033:
2784:
2303:
2283:
1393:
873:
414:
3226:
6971:
6390:
6375:
6195:
5287:
5171:
4362:
3830:
3818:
3698:
3652:
2744:
2656:
2444:
2434:
2399:
2278:
2268:
2051:
1222:
1164:
998:
677:
634:
349:
5633:
6370:
6333:
6210:
6200:
5673:
5608:
4220:
4113:
3630:
3144:
3024:
2703:
2563:
2298:
2212:
1278:
830:
449:
419:
4622:
4528:
7084:
7016:
6419:
6307:
6259:
6254:
6244:
3722:
3111:
2943:
2454:
2449:
2394:
2182:
1097:
825:
812:
707:
424:
214:
141:
6205:
4925:
4289:
Jewish Migration to South Africa: The Records of the Poor Jews' Temporary Shelter, 1885-1914
4025:
6976:
6315:
6149:
5952:
5866:
4209:
3890:
3707:
3689:
3123:
3056:
2906:), for both of which bills Saul Solomon, the member for Cape Town, had fought for decades.
2823:
2644:
2525:
2477:
2217:
2075:
888:
753:
742:
700:
2879:
8:
6889:
6137:
5637:
5036:
3942:
3904:
3580:
3557:
3422:
3092:
3051:
are known to have been killed in action, while 80 were captured by the British. Captured
2816:
2756:
2699:
2578:
2273:
951:
818:
721:
714:
644:
532:
407:
4387:
3174:
After the war, the situation began to improve, and a large number of South African Jews
5542:
5445:
5013:
4435:
4138:
3780:
3371:
3326:
3020:
3002:
2970:
2969:
However, a small number of Jews also settled among and identified with the rural white
2842:, was founded in Cape Town in September 1841. The first service was held on the eve of
2429:
2379:
2326:
2321:
2235:
2105:
1373:
1202:
961:
881:
735:
301:
5669:
4388:"SASIG - Southern Africa Jewish Genealogy: Morris Alexander Immigration Notebook 1911"
3960:
3852:
boys' schools in Johannesburg, each associated with one of the yeshivot, as well as a
3434:
2866:. From 1849 to 1886 they were the largest shipowners in Cape Town, and leaders of the
2694:
in 1976 and racial tensions led to an increase in Jewish emigration. Since the end of
7031:
5851:
5568:
5549:
5526:
5507:
5485:
5466:
5449:
5437:
5018:
4950:
4686:
4649:
4591:
4534:
4292:
3670:
3622:
3318:
3317:). The prime example of the more moderate approach is that of the highly assimilated
3096:
3038:
2796:
2788:
2772:
2675:
2667:
2573:
2515:
2495:
2312:
1872:
1511:
971:
842:
772:
649:
562:
429:
2834:
Jews did not arrive in significant numbers at Cape Town before the 1820s. The first
7021:
5429:
5008:
4566:
4205:
3842:
3810:
3776:
3757:
3438:
3418:
3246:
3238:
South African Jews were reputedly the most financially supportive Zionists abroad.
3127:
3084:
3012:
2792:
2671:
2648:
2543:
2424:
2384:
2348:
2046:
1596:
1107:
863:
767:
682:
572:
364:
251:
222:
4570:
3417:, and, although shrinking due to emigration, it remains one of the most nominally
2918:
Liberal Party, has been called the "Cape Disraeli." He was invited into the first
5680:
The Jewish community in the post-apartheid era: same narrative, different meaning
5659:
Without the Jewish people, the country would have taken many more years to evolve
5390:
4840:
4835:
4496:
4463:
4337:
3894:
3834:
3745:
3681:
3603:
3448:
3148:
2994:
2959:
2903:
2764:
2691:
2505:
2464:
2459:
2439:
2361:
2355:
2288:
2240:
2080:
2061:
1212:
941:
853:
836:
380:
285:
273:
226:
6411:
6117:
5790:
5642:
4554:
4530:
Encyclopedia of the Jewish Diaspora: Origins, Experiences, and Culture, Volume 1
7057:
6282:
6221:
6001:
5433:
5157:
3955:
3928:
3876:
3849:
3806:
3761:
3730:
3666:, was established in the mid-1950s, drawing primarily on the popularity of the
3648:
3546:
3274:
3159:
3060:
2978:
2759:. Jewish cartographers in Portugal, many of whom were member of the Portuguese
2715:
2605:
2404:
2259:
2139:
2118:
2095:
2090:
2068:
2056:
1651:
1132:
1066:
1031:
1009:
946:
784:
762:
624:
603:
579:
345:
327:
269:
256:
5596:, the central representative institution of the South African Jewish community
4880:
4808:
4777:
3764:
educational model, although accommodates students from across the spectrum of
2938:. Though freedom of worship was granted to all residents in 1870, the revised
7214:
6400:
6297:
6292:
6028:
6015:
6009:
5994:
5886:
5441:
4690:
4653:
4618:
3965:
3602:. (Note that although the majority of South Africa's Jews are descendants of
3530:
3410:
3367:
3339:
3242:
3007:
2955:
2812:
2768:
2707:
2553:
2548:
1754:
1681:
1207:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1036:
1014:
966:
728:
567:
472:
434:
385:
151:
4322:
3825:, which established active branches in South Africa in the 1980s and 1990s (
3621:
was established as the first full-time dual-curriculum (secular and Jewish)
7052:
6830:
6360:
6080:
5980:
5960:
5939:
5932:
5911:
5891:
5876:
5871:
5861:
5856:
5846:
5838:
5499:
4907:""The consumer is the ultimate winner," MK Kosher says as it expands in SA"
3822:
3814:
3799:
3595:
3514:
3510:
3492:
3331:
3140:
3103:
3064:
3043:
3028:
2998:
2951:
2935:
2923:
2911:
2907:
2847:
2839:
2804:
2647:
Jews, whether by culture, ethnicity, or religion, form the twelfth largest
2583:
2409:
2250:
2245:
2203:
2156:
1250:
1117:
1102:
1061:
1026:
639:
481:
281:
131:
101:
61:
51:
5022:
4456:
3087:
would be a notable community figure. In 1906 he gets law passed which had
6287:
6132:
5988:
5973:
5966:
5926:
5904:
4715:
4287:
Aubrey Newman, Nicholas J. Evans, J. Graham Smith & Saul W. Issroff,
3865:
3853:
3753:
3541:
heritage. Within South Africa, they are particularly concentrated in the
3385:
3347:
3249:
3230:
3072:
2915:
2863:
2855:
2760:
2723:
2679:
2674:, though a permanent presence was not established until the beginning of
2568:
2510:
2175:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1041:
4751:
4073:"South African Jews in Australia Recall Life in the Shadow of Apartheid"
4036:
4034:
2981:). A measure of intermarriage also occurred and was generally accepted.
6175:
6162:
6112:
6104:
4049:
3838:
3667:
3550:
3534:
3522:
3278:
3152:
2966:("foreigners") and excluded from the mainstream of South African life.
2887:
2843:
2747:
were explorers, cartographers and astronomers who were employed by the
2226:
1240:
1169:
1127:
956:
936:
495:
402:
322:
277:
3897:
presence in South Africa is limited to one synagogue in Johannesburg.
6274:
5648:
4031:
4028:
South African Jewish Board of Deputies. Retrieved on 18 December 2023
3748:, is the best known of these, having trained dozens of South African
3680:
Other educational institutions sharing this same Religious Zionist /
3626:
3590:
Traditionally, Jewish education in South Africa was conducted by the
3480:
3426:
3402:
3377:
3343:
3310:
3218:
3210:
3206:
3136:
2835:
2808:
2800:
2719:
2695:
2389:
2374:
1464:
1412:
1174:
1122:
1112:
793:
789:
779:
694:
454:
218:
195:
91:
71:
4978:
Journey to the Vanished City: the Search for a Lost Tribe of Israel,
1142:
6127:
6100:
5881:
4946:
Journey to the Vanished City: The Search for a Lost Tribe of Israel
3765:
3693:
3634:
3526:
3452:
3413:. The Jewish community in South Africa is currently the largest in
3322:
3130:, motivated by a sharp increase the previous year in the number of
2867:
2666:
The history of the Jews in South Africa began during the period of
2558:
2168:
2100:
931:
439:
390:
289:
111:
5744:
3444:
2826:
in 1805, they issued a confirmation of this policy the next year.
122:
Gauteng Province (other than Johannesburg, Pretoria and East Rand)
5897:
5739:
5734:
5627:
4881:"Statistics South Africa census and survey datasets and metadata"
3997:. Cape Town: Kaplan Centre, UCT. 2019. p. 23. Archived from
3884:
3788:
3737:
3643:
3611:
3599:
3576:
3542:
3202:
3088:
3068:
2931:
2883:
2875:
2871:
2688:
diplomatic and military relations between Israel and South Africa
2534:
2500:
2369:
2163:
1152:
1147:
1019:
910:
805:
801:
797:
546:
541:
518:
500:
375:
370:
360:
338:
313:
121:
5918:
5770:
3900:
3837:
played a major role in the Haredi community at that time, with
3716:
3685:
3638:
3607:
3591:
3518:
3468:
3459:
3414:
3406:
3398:
3255:
3183:
3179:
3175:
3156:
3005:. Nearly 2,800 Jews fought in the war on the British side, and
2895:
2859:
2711:
2652:
2194:
2189:
2149:
2134:
1245:
1137:
557:
523:
509:
444:
177:
81:
5702:
5482:
Nations Divided: American Jews and the Struggle over Apartheid
5320:
4416:. Vol. 20. Pretoria: Union of South Africa. p. 1047.
3429:. The nation's Progressive communities are represented by the
6168:
5749:
5655:
How the guard has changed since Rhodes stormed the SA economy
5593:
5565:
Community and Conscience: The Jews and Apartheid South Africa
4204:
3749:
3565:
3538:
2862:
industry. Aaron and Daniel de Pass were the first to open up
1157:
586:
490:
459:
5719:
5198:"SA-SIG - Southern Africa Jewish Genealogy: Youth Movements"
4323:"Three South African "Boerejode' and the South African War"
3829:
had an active presence then also). Notable figures such as
3561:
2851:
309:
5724:
5697:
4854:
3841:
being an especially popular speaker. Yad Shaul was led by
2926:, and declined the premiership itself several times. Like
5544:
Jews and Zionism: The South African Experience 1910-1967
5504:
The Jews of South Africa: An Illustrated History to 1953
3610:
scholarship, the community did not establish schools or
3309:
and its successors during the decades of National Party
4679:"Brothers in arms - Israel's secret pact with Pretoria"
4642:"Brothers in arms - Israel's secret pact with Pretoria"
4623:"Brothers in arms – Israel's secret pact with Pretoria"
5341:
4165:
Racial Unrest Spurs White Emigration From South Africa
3421:
communities in the world, although there is a smaller
3031:
along with other residents of the republics (known as
2819:
to all inhabitants and prospective migrants; when the
5645:, Saks, D.Y. (2005), Southern Africa Jewish Genealogy
3909:
Limmud § Relationships with Orthodoxy in Britain
5463:
Founders and Followers: Johannesburg Jewry 1887-1915
4291:(Cape Town: Jewish Publications-South Africa, 2006)
3918:
3338:, home to many wealthy Jewish families at the time.
3263:
Internal resistance to apartheid § Jewish resistance
3083:
During this era the South African Jewish politician
2973:-speaking population; these persons became known as
2914:
25 May 1817; d. 16 October 1892), the leader of the
2795:. Among the settlers in the colony were a number of
2173:
2154:
577:
4970:
3571:
3213:, was Foreign Minister of Israel from 1966 to 1974.
2858:from Asia, in 1856 they became the founders of the
5567:. Hanover, N.H.: University Press of New England.
5541:
5362:South African Union of Progressive Judaism (SAUPJ)
3775:This era also saw the start of a large network of
2815:. In 1803, the Dutch colonial authorities granted
6441:
5820:
5383:"Shalom Independent Congregation - Masorti Olami"
4489:"Jews from Rhodes in Central and Southern Africa"
3362:as a whole condemned apartheid (Adler 2000). The
2878:industries. Jews were among the first to take to
132:Eastern Cape Province (other than Port Elizabeth)
7212:
5523:The Jews in South Africa: An Illustrated History
5305:
4949:. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. p. 40.
4801:"The Jews of Africa -- The Jews of South Africa"
4774:"The Jews of Africa -- the Jews of South Africa"
2850:), and James Mosenthal, who established a major
2791:at the Cape of Good Hope under the direction of
5670:The Jewish Community of Johannesburg, 1886-1939
5623:Lithuanian Jews make big impact in South Africa
5520:
4457:The Rise of the South African Reich – Chapter 4
3860:operates a full-time Yeshiva in Johannesburg ("
3798:school) and Cape Town. Johannesburg boasts ten
2934:. At the same time, the Jews faced substantial
2663:estimates that the figure is closer to 75,000.
28:
4998:
4992:
4105:
3779:activities and institutions. There is today a
6846:
6427:
5806:
5682:, Herman, Chaya. University of Pretoria, 2007
5219:"List of Approved Yeshivot, As of June, 2007"
4617:
4583:
4181:"World Jewish Population - Latest Statistics"
3659:, have been established in the main centres.
3617:An important change took place in 1947, when
2625:
6860:
5150:"The South African Jewish Board of Deputies"
5093:"King David School Victory Park (Secondary)"
4714:. Legendary Heroes of Africa. Archived from
4526:
4405:
4109:South African Jewish History and Information
4106:Rebecca Weiner, Rebecca Weiner, ed. (2010),
3292:
3256:South African Jewish opposition to apartheid
2698:, Jews have continued to emigrate mostly to
102:Western Cape Province (other than Cape Town)
6920:Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
5786:South African Union for Progressive Judaism
5605:Jewish Virtual History Tour of South Africa
5521:Shain, Milton; Mendelsohn, Richard (2008).
5028:
4475:The Columbia Gazetteer of the World: P to Z
3903:was introduced to the country in 2007. The
3431:South African Union for Progressive Judaism
3364:South African Union for Progressive Judaism
869:History of the Jews in the Byzantine Empire
6853:
6839:
6434:
6420:
5813:
5799:
5686:Southern African Jewish Rootsbank Database
5649:Zimbabwe Jewish Community history web site
5067:"King David School Linksfield (Secondary)"
4730:"South Africa Virtual Jewish History Tour"
4245:"South Africa Virtual Jewish History Tour"
4021:
4019:
3726:, both schools integrating Torah studies.
3186:, first in the 1900s and then after 1960.
2997:(1899–1902), and Jewish soldiers, such as
2659:estimates 52,300 Jews in the country. The
2632:
2618:
152:KwaZulu-Natal Province (other than Durban)
5755:
5012:
4134:"P.W. Botha felt Israel had betrayed him"
4101:
4099:
4097:
4095:
4093:
3787:) serving the Chabad community, a Chabad
3785:Lubavitch Yeshiva Gedolah of Johannesburg
2775:to India in 1488 and 1497, respectively.
2738:
5767:Chabad-Lubavitch Centers in South Africa
5525:. Jeppestown: Jonathan Ball Publishers.
4904:
4411:
4070:
3740:were opened, starting in the 1960s. The
3575:
3443:
3201:
3078:
2985:was also occasionally called "Jewburg".
2962:(1899–1902), Jews were often considered
5562:
5539:
5352:
5117:
5034:
4942:
4676:
4639:
4302:
4016:
3657:South African Board of Jewish Education
2829:
2655:. As of 2020, the Kaplan Centre at the
7213:
5698:South African Union of Jewish Students
5594:South African Jewish Board of Deputies
5548:. Cape Town: Oxford University Press.
5457:
5172:Rabbi Tanzer leaves magnificent legacy
4748:"South African Jews Against Apartheid"
4477:- Page 3471, Saul Bernard Cohen - 2008
4090:
2900:Supreme Court of the Cape of Good Hope
2661:South African Jewish Board of Deputies
6834:
6415:
5794:
5781:Machon L'Hora'ah The Pretoria Yeshiva
5498:
5415:
4923:
4672:
4670:
4239:
4237:
4126:
3868:established in 1990, and its kollel (
3805:The 1970s saw the establishment of a
3641:(both subsequently renamed), and the
2993:Jews fought on both sides during the
2778:
2651:in the world, and the largest on the
6997:Reformed Evangelical Anglican Church
5479:
4980:New York: Random House (2nd edition)
4905:Feinberg, Talia (11 November 2021).
4486:
4335:
3971:South African Jewish Maritime League
3662:The first religious day school, the
38:Regions with significant populations
5691:
5484:. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 191.
5118:Shapiro, Lauren (18 January 2012).
4926:"New hechsher stirs the kosher pot"
3813:, as well as the growth of a large
3467:. In 2008, a Jewish radio station,
3019:(Boer Jews). Jews who lived in the
13:
7114:
5418:"South African Jews and Apartheid"
5319:. 11 December 2014. Archived from
5120:"Umhlanga Jewish day school opens"
5095:. 14 November 2018. Archived from
5069:. 14 November 2018. Archived from
4677:McGreal, Chris (7 February 2006).
4667:
4640:McGreal, Chris (7 February 2006).
4517:(Encyclopedia of Diasporas, Vol 2)
4468:
4310:The Jews in the Twentieth Century,
4234:
4071:Goldberg, Dan (10 December 2013).
3388:from (2007-2015) are both Jewish.
3380:who was the Federal Leader of the
2988:
2930:, too, he early left the ranks of
2726:, as well as a significant number
14:
7232:
5582:
5465:. Cape Town: Vlaeerg Publishers.
5461:(1991). Robertson, Marian (ed.).
5353:SOLOMON, MONICA (November 2019).
5185:A tribute to Rabbi Avraham Tanzer
4989:Parfitt(2002), "The Lemba", p. 39
4924:Miltz, Nicola (27 January 2022).
4312:(New York: Schocken Books, 2001).
4142:. 2 November 2006. Archived from
3770:Orthodox yeshivas in South Africa
3027:and held citizenship rights were
2854:industry. By bringing in thirty
660:Historical population comparisons
7195:
7194:
7159:Witchcraft Suppression Act, 1957
6742:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
6512:Democratic Republic of the Congo
5745:Phyllis Jowell Jewish Day School
5428:(4). Informa UK Limited: 23–36.
5286:. 9 October 2009. Archived from
4584:Beit-Hallahmi, Benjamin (1988).
4363:"Olive Schreiner Letters Online"
4342:Southern Africa Jewish Genealogy
4263:"African Journals Online (AJOL)"
3991:The Jews of South Africa in 2019
3935:
3921:
3742:Yeshivah Gedolah of Johannesburg
3717:Phyllis Jowell Jewish Day School
3572:Jewish education in South Africa
3261:This section is an excerpt from
3235:South African Zionist Federation
3197:
3162:were openly antisemitic. In the
2942:of 1894 still debarred Jews and
2676:Dutch colonisation in the region
1304:Democratic Republic of the Congo
1218:Historical population by country
188:
170:
44:
6952:Evangelical Presbyterian Church
5730:Yeshiva College of South Africa
5408:
5375:
5346:
5335:
5269:
5239:
5211:
5190:
5177:
5164:
5142:
5111:
5085:
5059:
4983:
4943:Parfitt, Tudor (4 April 2000).
4936:
4917:
4898:
4873:
4847:
4823:
4793:
4766:
4740:
4722:
4704:
4633:
4611:
4577:
4547:
4520:
4480:
4450:
4420:
4380:
4355:
4329:
4315:
4281:
4255:
3744:, established in 1973 by Rabbi
3714:kollel. Cape Town also has the
3664:Yeshiva College of South Africa
3486:
3011:reported that 125 of them were
2882:and played a role in the early
2824:invaded and occupied the colony
2755:to discover a sea route to the
2743:The first Jews involved in the
237:Other Languages of South Africa
6443:History of the Jews in Africa
5502:(2001). Musiker, Naomi (ed.).
4198:
4173:
4158:
3982:
3545:province (historically around
1:
6982:Presbyterian Church of Africa
5822:Ethnic groups in South Africa
5715:Full listing: jewishweb.co.za
5414:Adler, Franklin Hugh (2000) (
5277:"South African Jewish Report"
5253:. 21 May 2008. Archived from
5041:South African Medical Journal
4831:"South African Jewish Report"
4565:(17): 596. 9 September 1933.
4559:South African Medical Journal
4336:Saks, D.Y. (9 January 2005).
4212:; Sheskin, Ira, eds. (2021).
3976:
3191:South African Medical Journal
2751:. These men were employed in
875:Christianity and Judaism
7221:Jewish South African history
7002:United Congregational Church
4734:www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org
4428:"Cape Town Holocaust Centre"
4249:www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org
3951:Antisemitism in South Africa
3147:, and organisations such as
82:Durban/Umhlangla - eThekwini
7:
7007:Uniting Presbyterian Church
6947:Evangelical Lutheran Church
6885:Afrikaans Protestant Church
4930:South African Jewish Report
4911:South African Jewish Report
4555:"Jewish doctors in Germany"
3961:Chief Rabbi of South Africa
3914:
3465:South African Jewish Report
2174:
2155:
1882:Latin America and Caribbean
578:
10:
7237:
7048:African Traditional Belief
7032:The Church of Almighty God
5587:
5480:Feld, Marjorie N. (2013).
5434:10.1080/003132200128810973
4976:Parfitt, Tudor (1993/2000)
4048:(in Latin). Archived from
3858:Ohr Somayach, South Africa
3760:. The Yeshiva follows the
3490:
3315:Liberalism in South Africa
3260:
2733:
2487:Jewish political movements
2184:Conversion to Judaism
112:Pretoria – City of Tshwane
7192:
7126:
7112:
7040:
7027:People's Church of Africa
6992:Reformed Church in Africa
6915:Christian Reformed Church
6875:
6868:
6755:
6730:
6449:
6353:
6306:
6273:
6148:
6099:
6079:
6027:
5951:
5837:
5828:
5776:Ohr Somayach South Africa
4533:. ABC-CLIO. p. 493.
3425:community, especially in
3293:Moderation and liberalism
3041:phase of the conflict as
890:Hinduism and Judaism
268:
263:
250:
245:
209:
204:
186:
168:
160:
150:
140:
130:
120:
110:
100:
90:
80:
70:
60:
56:estimated 52,300 - 75,000
42:
37:
26:
6862:Religion in South Africa
6497:Central African Republic
5703:Jewish Agency for Israel
5563:Shimoni, Gideon (2003).
5540:Shimoni, Gideon (1980).
5183:Ilan Preskovsky (2020).
3862:Yeshivas Meshech Chochma
3848:There are today several
3706:, Johannesburg, and the
3633:) with Carmel School in
3585:Beth din of Johannesburg
3391:
3164:South African Parliament
3112:South African government
2785:Dutch East India Company
716:Temple in Jerusalem
409:Bar and bat mitzvah
7012:Uniting Reformed Church
6972:Nazareth Baptist Church
6900:Apostolic Faith Mission
4462:3 November 2007 at the
4412:Malherbe, E.G. (1939).
4214:World Jewish Population
3675:the national curriculum
3433:. The current Orthodox
3025:South African Republics
2745:history of South Africa
2678:. During the period of
2657:University of Cape Town
678:Twelve Tribes of Israel
161:Other (In South Africa)
7120:
6962:Free Reformed Churches
5756:Religious institutions
5674:University of Pretoria
5609:Jewish Virtual Library
5170:Shaun Zagnoev (2020).
4587:The Israeli Connection
4571:10520/AJA20785135_6777
4367:www.oliveschreiner.org
4221:Berman Jewish DataBank
4114:Jewish Virtual Library
3631:United Herzlia Schools
3614:for several decades.)
3587:
3455:
3214:
3145:anti-British sentiment
2920:Responsible government
2771:who sailed around the
2739:Portuguese exploration
2704:English-speaking world
92:East Rand – Ekurhuleni
29:
7144:CRL Rights Commission
7118:
7017:Zion Christian Church
6925:Dutch Reformed Church
6657:São Tomé and Príncipe
6517:Republic of the Congo
5422:Patterns of Prejudice
4527:Saul Issroff (2009).
4210:Della-Pergola, Sergio
3792:programme in Pretoria
3684:ideology include the
3579:
3447:
3205:
3079:Union of South Africa
3057:prisoner-of-war camps
2838:in South Africa, the
2763:, assisted explorers
2680:British colonial rule
1424:São Tomé and Príncipe
1419:Republic of the Congo
813:Second Temple Judaism
684:Kingdom of Judah
655:Modern historiography
264:Related ethnic groups
215:South African English
7119:Flag of South Africa
6977:New Apostolic Church
5771:Chabad, Johannesburg
5750:Cape Town Torah High
5740:Theodor Herzl School
5735:Torah Academy School
5614:Jews in South Africa
5416:Adler, F.H. (2000).
5284:sajewishreport.co.za
5160:on 12 February 2007.
4185:simpletoremember.com
3877:Progressive Movement
3723:Cape Town Torah High
3708:Yeshiva of Cape Town
3644:Theodor Herzl School
3600:Rabbinical education
2830:British colonial era
2787:(VOC) established a
2753:attempts by Portugal
2728:emigrating to Israel
2526:World Agudath Israel
1667:United Arab Emirates
754:Second Temple period
744:Babylonian captivity
217:(vast majority) and
62:City of Johannesburg
30:Suid-Afrikaanse Jode
7164:Traditional healers
7134:Freedom of religion
6890:Afrikaner Calvinism
6732:States with limited
5672:. Rubin, Margot W.
5638:Jewish Encyclopedia
5600:Jewish South Africa
5393:on 23 December 2010
5355:"SAUPJ-WUPJ-REPORT"
5323:on 11 December 2014
5130:on 2 September 2013
5099:on 14 November 2018
5073:on 14 November 2018
5035:Soodyal, H (2013).
4621:(7 February 2006).
4438:on 13 November 2007
4269:on 2 September 2020
3943:South Africa portal
3905:Limmud South Africa
3845:for over 40 years.
3513:which is native to
3382:Democratic Alliance
3346:and his successor,
2797:non-practising Jews
2789:colonial settlement
2757:Indian subcontinent
2700:developed countries
2670:exploration in the
819:Hellenistic Judaism
397:Land of Israel
356:Principles of faith
142:Free State Province
23:
7154:Marriage Act, 1961
7149:Equality Act, 2000
7121:
5762:List of Synagogues
5720:King David Schools
5643:"Jews on Commando"
5247:"Machon L'Hora'ah"
5187:, jewishlife.co.za
5154:shemayisrael.co.il
5001:Am. J. Hum. Genet.
4790:The Jews of Africa
4590:. Pantheon Books.
4338:"Jews on Commando"
4139:The Jerusalem Post
4004:on 9 December 2021
3588:
3456:
3372:Moses Cyrus Weiler
3215:
3091:reclassified as a
3003:siege of Ladysmith
2779:Dutch colonial era
2380:Jewish Koine Greek
1922:Dominican Republic
1203:Judaism by country
882:Jews and Christmas
737:Assyrian captivity
22:South African Jews
21:
7208:
7207:
7110:
7109:
6828:
6827:
6759:other territories
6532:Equatorial Guinea
6409:
6408:
6095:
6094:
5574:978-1-58465-329-5
5555:978-0-19-570179-1
5532:978-1-86842-281-4
5513:978-0-620-27097-7
5491:978-1-137-02972-0
5472:978-0-947461-09-6
5293:on 7 October 2011
4956:978-0-375-72454-1
4861:. 4 December 2020
4843:on 31 March 2010.
4487:Hirschon, Renee.
4432:ctholocaust.co.za
4392:www.jewishgen.org
4297:978-0-7992-2315-6
4206:Dashefsky, Arnold
4026:SA Jewish history
3783:in Johannesburg (
3781:Lubavitch Yeshiva
3671:Religious Zionist
3623:Jewish day school
3619:King David School
3319:Harry Oppenheimer
3307:Progressive Party
3166:, the opposition
3139:sympathised with
3093:European language
3059:in South Africa,
2817:religious freedom
2773:Cape of Good Hope
2653:African continent
2642:
2641:
2591:
2590:
2339:
2338:
2086:Reconstructionist
2030:
2029:
1182:
1181:
989:
988:
826:Jewish–Roman wars
774:Hasmonean dynasty
690:Kingdom of Israel
594:
593:
295:
294:
72:City of Cape Town
7228:
7198:
7197:
7022:Zionist Churches
6967:Methodist Church
6873:
6872:
6855:
6848:
6841:
6832:
6831:
6820:
6819:(United Kingdom)
6815:Tristan da Cunha
6811:Ascension Island
6803:
6790:
6781:
6757:Dependencies and
6450:Sovereign states
6436:
6429:
6422:
6413:
6412:
6341:
6336:
6224:
6185:
6178:
6171:
6018:
6004:
5997:
5983:
5976:
5969:
5961:Basotho/S. Sotho
5942:
5935:
5921:
5914:
5907:
5900:
5835:
5834:
5815:
5808:
5801:
5792:
5791:
5692:Jewish education
5664:The Sunday Times
5578:
5559:
5547:
5536:
5517:
5495:
5476:
5453:
5403:
5402:
5400:
5398:
5389:. Archived from
5387:masortiworld.org
5379:
5373:
5372:
5370:
5368:
5359:
5350:
5344:
5339:
5333:
5332:
5330:
5328:
5309:
5303:
5302:
5300:
5298:
5292:
5281:
5273:
5267:
5266:
5264:
5262:
5251:Machon L'Hora'ah
5243:
5237:
5236:
5234:
5232:
5223:
5215:
5209:
5208:
5206:
5204:
5194:
5188:
5181:
5175:
5168:
5162:
5161:
5156:. Archived from
5146:
5140:
5139:
5137:
5135:
5126:. Archived from
5115:
5109:
5108:
5106:
5104:
5089:
5083:
5082:
5080:
5078:
5063:
5057:
5056:
5054:
5052:
5032:
5026:
5025:
5016:
4996:
4990:
4987:
4981:
4974:
4968:
4967:
4965:
4963:
4940:
4934:
4933:
4921:
4915:
4914:
4902:
4896:
4895:
4893:
4891:
4877:
4871:
4870:
4868:
4866:
4851:
4845:
4844:
4839:. Archived from
4827:
4821:
4820:
4818:
4816:
4811:on 25 April 2005
4807:. Archived from
4797:
4791:
4789:
4787:
4785:
4780:on 25 April 2005
4776:. Archived from
4770:
4764:
4763:
4761:
4759:
4754:on 28 March 2013
4750:. Archived from
4744:
4738:
4737:
4726:
4720:
4719:
4718:on 5 March 2011.
4708:
4702:
4701:
4699:
4697:
4674:
4665:
4664:
4662:
4660:
4637:
4631:
4630:
4615:
4609:
4608:
4606:
4604:
4581:
4575:
4574:
4551:
4545:
4544:
4524:
4518:
4516:
4514:
4512:
4506:
4500:. Archived from
4493:
4484:
4478:
4472:
4466:
4454:
4448:
4447:
4445:
4443:
4434:. Archived from
4424:
4418:
4417:
4409:
4403:
4402:
4400:
4398:
4384:
4378:
4377:
4375:
4373:
4359:
4353:
4352:
4350:
4348:
4333:
4327:
4326:
4319:
4313:
4308:Martin Gilbert,
4306:
4300:
4285:
4279:
4278:
4276:
4274:
4265:. Archived from
4259:
4253:
4252:
4241:
4232:
4231:
4229:
4227:
4218:
4202:
4196:
4195:
4193:
4191:
4177:
4171:
4162:
4156:
4155:
4153:
4151:
4130:
4124:
4123:
4122:
4120:
4103:
4088:
4087:
4085:
4083:
4068:
4062:
4061:
4059:
4057:
4052:on 7 August 2018
4038:
4029:
4023:
4014:
4013:
4011:
4009:
4003:
3996:
3986:
3945:
3940:
3939:
3938:
3931:
3926:
3925:
3924:
3843:Boruch Grossnass
3777:Chabad-Lubavitch
3758:Warren Goldstein
3725:
3719:
3701:
3646:
3583:approved by the
3439:Warren Goldstein
3384:(2000-2007) and
3247:Attorney general
3110:, passed by the
3104:Second World War
3095:as opposed to a
3085:Morris Alexander
3013:killed in action
2922:, formed by Sir
2793:Jan van Riebeeck
2749:Portuguese Crown
2672:early modern era
2649:Jewish community
2634:
2627:
2620:
2483:
2482:
2364:
2185:
2179:
2160:
2124:
2123:
2071:
2018:New Zealand
1970:
1933:El Salvador
1923:
1855:Northern America
1847:
1441:
1197:
1196:
1108:Crimean Karaites
1004:
1003:
982:
980:
901:
899:
891:
885:
876:
864:Rabbinic Judaism
845:
839:
833:
821:
809:
775:
768:Maccabean Revolt
745:
738:
732:
724:
717:
711:
703:
685:
609:
608:
583:
478:
477:
410:
398:
297:
296:
252:Orthodox Judaism
221:, of religious:
194:
192:
191:
176:
174:
173:
50:
48:
47:
32:
24:
20:
7236:
7235:
7231:
7230:
7229:
7227:
7226:
7225:
7211:
7210:
7209:
7204:
7188:
7179:Public holidays
7122:
7106:
7036:
6910:Catholic Church
6895:Anglican Church
6864:
6859:
6829:
6824:
6823:
6818:
6801:
6788:
6779:
6760:
6758:
6751:
6735:
6733:
6726:
6445:
6440:
6410:
6405:
6349:
6339:
6332:
6302:
6269:
6220:
6181:
6174:
6167:
6144:
6091:
6075:
6023:
6014:
6000:
5993:
5979:
5972:
5965:
5947:
5938:
5931:
5917:
5910:
5903:
5896:
5824:
5819:
5758:
5725:Herzlia Schools
5694:
5590:
5585:
5575:
5556:
5533:
5514:
5492:
5473:
5411:
5406:
5396:
5394:
5381:
5380:
5376:
5366:
5364:
5357:
5351:
5347:
5340:
5336:
5326:
5324:
5311:
5310:
5306:
5296:
5294:
5290:
5279:
5275:
5274:
5270:
5260:
5258:
5245:
5244:
5240:
5230:
5228:
5221:
5217:
5216:
5212:
5202:
5200:
5196:
5195:
5191:
5182:
5178:
5169:
5165:
5148:
5147:
5143:
5133:
5131:
5116:
5112:
5102:
5100:
5091:
5090:
5086:
5076:
5074:
5065:
5064:
5060:
5050:
5048:
5033:
5029:
4997:
4993:
4988:
4984:
4975:
4971:
4961:
4959:
4957:
4941:
4937:
4922:
4918:
4903:
4899:
4889:
4887:
4885:Nesstar WebView
4879:
4878:
4874:
4864:
4862:
4853:
4852:
4848:
4836:Wayback Machine
4829:
4828:
4824:
4814:
4812:
4799:
4798:
4794:
4783:
4781:
4772:
4771:
4767:
4757:
4755:
4746:
4745:
4741:
4728:
4727:
4723:
4710:
4709:
4705:
4695:
4693:
4675:
4668:
4658:
4656:
4638:
4634:
4616:
4612:
4602:
4600:
4598:
4582:
4578:
4553:
4552:
4548:
4541:
4525:
4521:
4510:
4508:
4507:on 4 March 2016
4504:
4497:Wayback Machine
4491:
4485:
4481:
4473:
4469:
4464:Wayback Machine
4455:
4451:
4441:
4439:
4426:
4425:
4421:
4410:
4406:
4396:
4394:
4386:
4385:
4381:
4371:
4369:
4361:
4360:
4356:
4346:
4344:
4334:
4330:
4321:
4320:
4316:
4307:
4303:
4286:
4282:
4272:
4270:
4261:
4260:
4256:
4243:
4242:
4235:
4225:
4223:
4216:
4203:
4199:
4189:
4187:
4179:
4178:
4174:
4168:Washington Post
4163:
4159:
4149:
4147:
4132:
4131:
4127:
4118:
4116:
4104:
4091:
4081:
4079:
4069:
4065:
4055:
4053:
4040:
4039:
4032:
4024:
4017:
4007:
4005:
4001:
3994:
3988:
3987:
3983:
3979:
3941:
3936:
3934:
3927:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3856:girls' school.
3835:Aharon Pfeuffer
3831:Moshe Sternbuch
3746:Azriel Goldfein
3721:
3715:
3697:
3682:Modern Orthodox
3642:
3604:Lithuanian Jews
3574:
3495:
3489:
3449:Ivan Glasenberg
3394:
3295:
3290:
3289:
3266:
3258:
3200:
3149:Louis Weichardt
3106:. In 1930, the
3081:
2995:Second Boer War
2991:
2989:Second Boer War
2904:Anglican Church
2880:ostrich-farming
2832:
2781:
2765:Bartolomeu Dias
2741:
2736:
2692:Soweto uprising
2638:
2593:
2592:
2480:
2470:
2469:
2460:Judeo-Malayalam
2440:Judaeo-Georgian
2360:
2351:
2341:
2340:
2241:Yiddish theatre
2183:
2121:
2111:
2110:
2069:
2042:
2032:
2031:
1968:
1921:
1845:
1439:
1223:Genetic studies
1194:
1184:
1183:
1001:
991:
990:
978:
977:
897:
896:
889:
879:
874:
856:and Middle Ages
854:Rabbinic period
841:
835:
828:
816:
787:
773:
743:
736:
727:
719:
715:
706:
701:in Judaism
698:
683:
606:
596:
595:
475:
465:
464:
408:
396:
341:
288:
286:Portuguese Jews
284:
280:
276:
274:Lithuanian Jews
272:
255:
241:
232:
213:
189:
187:
171:
169:
45:
43:
33:
19:
12:
11:
5:
7234:
7224:
7223:
7206:
7205:
7193:
7190:
7189:
7187:
7186:
7181:
7176:
7171:
7166:
7161:
7156:
7151:
7146:
7141:
7136:
7130:
7128:
7124:
7123:
7113:
7111:
7108:
7107:
7105:
7104:
7099:
7094:
7093:
7092:
7082:
7077:
7072:
7067:
7062:
7061:
7060:
7055:
7044:
7042:
7038:
7037:
7035:
7034:
7029:
7024:
7019:
7014:
7009:
7004:
6999:
6994:
6989:
6984:
6979:
6974:
6969:
6964:
6959:
6954:
6949:
6944:
6943:
6942:
6937:
6932:
6922:
6917:
6912:
6907:
6902:
6897:
6892:
6887:
6881:
6879:
6870:
6866:
6865:
6858:
6857:
6850:
6843:
6835:
6826:
6825:
6822:
6821:
6804:
6791:
6782:
6768:Canary Islands
6764:
6763:
6761:
6756:
6753:
6752:
6750:
6749:
6744:
6738:
6736:
6731:
6728:
6727:
6725:
6724:
6719:
6714:
6709:
6704:
6699:
6694:
6689:
6684:
6679:
6674:
6669:
6664:
6659:
6654:
6649:
6644:
6639:
6634:
6629:
6624:
6619:
6614:
6609:
6604:
6599:
6594:
6589:
6584:
6579:
6574:
6569:
6564:
6559:
6554:
6549:
6544:
6539:
6534:
6529:
6524:
6519:
6514:
6509:
6504:
6499:
6494:
6489:
6484:
6479:
6474:
6469:
6464:
6459:
6453:
6451:
6447:
6446:
6439:
6438:
6431:
6424:
6416:
6407:
6406:
6404:
6403:
6398:
6393:
6388:
6383:
6378:
6373:
6368:
6363:
6357:
6355:
6351:
6350:
6348:
6347:
6344:
6343:
6342:
6337:
6327:
6324:
6321:
6320:Telegu/Andhras
6318:
6312:
6310:
6304:
6303:
6301:
6300:
6295:
6290:
6285:
6283:Cape Coloureds
6279:
6277:
6271:
6270:
6268:
6267:
6262:
6257:
6252:
6247:
6242:
6237:
6232:
6227:
6226:
6225:
6222:Afrikaner-Jews
6213:
6208:
6203:
6198:
6193:
6188:
6187:
6186:
6179:
6172:
6160:
6154:
6152:
6146:
6145:
6143:
6142:
6141:
6140:
6135:
6125:
6124:
6123:
6120:
6109:
6107:
6097:
6096:
6093:
6092:
6090:
6089:
6085:
6083:
6077:
6076:
6074:
6073:
6070:
6067:
6064:
6061:
6058:
6055:
6052:
6049:
6046:
6043:
6040:
6037:
6033:
6031:
6025:
6024:
6022:
6021:
6020:
6019:
6007:
6006:
6005:
5998:
5986:
5985:
5984:
5977:
5970:
5957:
5955:
5949:
5948:
5946:
5945:
5944:
5943:
5936:
5924:
5923:
5922:
5915:
5908:
5901:
5889:
5884:
5879:
5874:
5869:
5864:
5859:
5854:
5849:
5843:
5841:
5832:
5830:Bantu-speaking
5826:
5825:
5818:
5817:
5810:
5803:
5795:
5789:
5788:
5783:
5778:
5773:
5764:
5757:
5754:
5753:
5752:
5747:
5742:
5737:
5732:
5727:
5722:
5717:
5711:
5710:
5706:
5705:
5700:
5693:
5690:
5689:
5688:
5683:
5677:
5667:
5652:
5646:
5640:
5631:
5620:
5611:
5602:
5597:
5589:
5586:
5584:
5583:External links
5581:
5580:
5579:
5573:
5560:
5554:
5537:
5531:
5518:
5512:
5496:
5490:
5477:
5471:
5459:Kaplan, Mendel
5455:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5404:
5374:
5345:
5334:
5313:"Ma'ayan Bina"
5304:
5268:
5257:on 21 May 2008
5238:
5226:www.rabbis.org
5210:
5189:
5176:
5163:
5141:
5110:
5084:
5058:
5027:
5007:(5): 1126–33,
4991:
4982:
4969:
4955:
4935:
4916:
4897:
4872:
4846:
4822:
4805:mindspring.com
4792:
4765:
4739:
4721:
4703:
4666:
4632:
4610:
4596:
4576:
4546:
4539:
4519:
4479:
4467:
4449:
4419:
4404:
4379:
4354:
4328:
4314:
4301:
4280:
4254:
4233:
4197:
4172:
4157:
4146:on 6 July 2013
4125:
4089:
4063:
4030:
4015:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3974:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3956:Afrikaner-Jews
3953:
3947:
3946:
3932:
3929:Judaism portal
3916:
3913:
3864:") – with its
3731:Avraham Tanzer
3649:Port Elizabeth
3629:is "Herzlia" (
3606:who venerated
3573:
3570:
3491:Main article:
3488:
3485:
3393:
3390:
3327:Anglo American
3294:
3291:
3275:Torch Commando
3267:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3223:National Party
3199:
3196:
3168:National Party
3160:Ossewabrandwag
3155:" and the pro-
3120:census of 1936
3080:
3077:
2990:
2987:
2831:
2828:
2780:
2777:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2716:United Kingdom
2706:, such as the
2640:
2639:
2637:
2636:
2629:
2622:
2614:
2611:
2610:
2609:
2608:
2603:
2595:
2594:
2589:
2588:
2587:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2538:
2537:
2531:
2530:
2529:
2528:
2523:
2521:Territorialism
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2490:
2489:
2481:
2476:
2475:
2472:
2471:
2468:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2405:Judaeo-Spanish
2402:
2400:Judaeo-Iranian
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2366:
2365:
2352:
2347:
2346:
2343:
2342:
2337:
2336:
2335:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2316:
2315:
2309:
2308:
2307:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2263:
2262:
2256:
2255:
2254:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2230:
2229:
2223:
2222:
2221:
2220:
2215:
2207:
2206:
2200:
2199:
2198:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2180:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2129:
2128:
2122:
2117:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2109:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2066:
2065:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2043:
2038:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2028:
2027:
2026:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
1997:
1996:
1990:
1989:
1988:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1885:
1884:
1878:
1877:
1876:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1857:
1856:
1852:
1851:
1850:
1849:
1846:United Kingdom
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1694:
1693:
1687:
1686:
1685:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1486:
1485:
1481:
1480:
1479:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1279:Bilad-el-Sudan
1276:
1271:
1263:
1262:
1256:
1255:
1254:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1235:
1234:
1232:Land of Israel
1228:
1227:
1226:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1195:
1190:
1189:
1186:
1185:
1180:
1179:
1178:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1161:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1092:
1091:
1090:Related groups
1087:
1086:
1085:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1023:
1022:
1017:
1002:
997:
996:
993:
992:
987:
986:
985:
984:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:
947:Jewish atheism
944:
939:
934:
926:
925:
921:
920:
919:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:Islamic–Jewish
893:
886:
871:
866:
858:
857:
850:
849:
848:
847:
823:
810:
782:
777:
770:
765:
763:Yehud Medinata
757:
756:
750:
749:
748:
747:
740:
733:
725:
712:
704:
692:
687:
680:
672:
671:
669:Ancient Israel
665:
664:
663:
662:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
625:Land of Israel
622:
614:
613:
607:
602:
601:
598:
597:
592:
591:
590:
589:
584:
580:Shulchan Aruch
575:
570:
565:
560:
552:
551:
550:
549:
544:
536:
535:
529:
528:
527:
526:
521:
513:
512:
506:
505:
504:
503:
498:
493:
485:
484:
476:
471:
470:
467:
466:
463:
462:
457:
452:
447:
442:
437:
432:
427:
422:
417:
412:
405:
400:
393:
388:
383:
378:
373:
368:
358:
353:
346:God in Judaism
342:
337:
336:
333:
332:
331:
330:
325:
317:
316:
306:
305:
293:
292:
270:Afrikaner-Jews
266:
265:
261:
260:
257:Reform Judaism
248:
247:
243:
242:
240:
239:
233:
211:First language
207:
206:
202:
201:
198:
184:
183:
180:
166:
165:
162:
158:
157:
154:
148:
147:
144:
138:
137:
134:
128:
127:
124:
118:
117:
114:
108:
107:
104:
98:
97:
94:
88:
87:
84:
78:
77:
76:12,500 (23.9%)
74:
68:
67:
66:30,000 (57.5%)
64:
58:
57:
54:
40:
39:
35:
34:
27:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7233:
7222:
7219:
7218:
7216:
7203:
7202:
7191:
7185:
7184:Satanic panic
7182:
7180:
7177:
7175:
7172:
7170:
7167:
7165:
7162:
7160:
7157:
7155:
7152:
7150:
7147:
7145:
7142:
7140:
7137:
7135:
7132:
7131:
7129:
7125:
7117:
7103:
7100:
7098:
7095:
7091:
7088:
7087:
7086:
7083:
7081:
7078:
7076:
7073:
7071:
7068:
7066:
7063:
7059:
7058:Zulu religion
7056:
7054:
7051:
7050:
7049:
7046:
7045:
7043:
7039:
7033:
7030:
7028:
7025:
7023:
7020:
7018:
7015:
7013:
7010:
7008:
7005:
7003:
7000:
6998:
6995:
6993:
6990:
6988:
6987:Protestantism
6985:
6983:
6980:
6978:
6975:
6973:
6970:
6968:
6965:
6963:
6960:
6958:
6955:
6953:
6950:
6948:
6945:
6941:
6938:
6936:
6933:
6931:
6928:
6927:
6926:
6923:
6921:
6918:
6916:
6913:
6911:
6908:
6906:
6905:Baptist Union
6903:
6901:
6898:
6896:
6893:
6891:
6888:
6886:
6883:
6882:
6880:
6878:
6874:
6871:
6867:
6863:
6856:
6851:
6849:
6844:
6842:
6837:
6836:
6833:
6816:
6812:
6808:
6805:
6799:
6795:
6792:
6786:
6783:
6777:
6773:
6769:
6766:
6765:
6762:
6754:
6748:
6745:
6743:
6740:
6739:
6737:
6729:
6723:
6720:
6718:
6715:
6713:
6710:
6708:
6705:
6703:
6700:
6698:
6695:
6693:
6690:
6688:
6685:
6683:
6680:
6678:
6675:
6673:
6670:
6668:
6665:
6663:
6660:
6658:
6655:
6653:
6650:
6648:
6645:
6643:
6640:
6638:
6635:
6633:
6630:
6628:
6625:
6623:
6620:
6618:
6615:
6613:
6610:
6608:
6605:
6603:
6600:
6598:
6595:
6593:
6590:
6588:
6585:
6583:
6580:
6578:
6575:
6573:
6572:Guinea-Bissau
6570:
6568:
6565:
6563:
6560:
6558:
6555:
6553:
6550:
6548:
6545:
6543:
6540:
6538:
6535:
6533:
6530:
6528:
6525:
6523:
6520:
6518:
6515:
6513:
6510:
6508:
6505:
6503:
6500:
6498:
6495:
6493:
6490:
6488:
6485:
6483:
6480:
6478:
6475:
6473:
6470:
6468:
6465:
6463:
6460:
6458:
6455:
6454:
6452:
6448:
6444:
6437:
6432:
6430:
6425:
6423:
6418:
6417:
6414:
6402:
6399:
6397:
6394:
6392:
6389:
6387:
6384:
6382:
6379:
6377:
6374:
6372:
6369:
6367:
6364:
6362:
6359:
6358:
6356:
6352:
6345:
6338:
6335:
6331:
6330:
6328:
6325:
6322:
6319:
6317:
6314:
6313:
6311:
6309:
6305:
6299:
6296:
6294:
6291:
6289:
6286:
6284:
6281:
6280:
6278:
6276:
6272:
6266:
6263:
6261:
6258:
6256:
6253:
6251:
6248:
6246:
6243:
6241:
6238:
6236:
6233:
6231:
6228:
6223:
6219:
6218:
6217:
6214:
6212:
6209:
6207:
6204:
6202:
6199:
6197:
6194:
6192:
6189:
6184:
6180:
6177:
6173:
6170:
6166:
6165:
6164:
6161:
6159:
6156:
6155:
6153:
6151:
6147:
6139:
6136:
6134:
6131:
6130:
6129:
6126:
6121:
6119:
6116:
6115:
6114:
6111:
6110:
6108:
6106:
6102:
6098:
6087:
6086:
6084:
6082:
6078:
6071:
6068:
6065:
6062:
6059:
6056:
6053:
6050:
6047:
6044:
6041:
6038:
6035:
6034:
6032:
6030:
6026:
6017:
6013:
6012:
6011:
6008:
6003:
5999:
5996:
5992:
5991:
5990:
5989:Pedi/N. Sotho
5987:
5982:
5978:
5975:
5971:
5968:
5964:
5963:
5962:
5959:
5958:
5956:
5954:
5950:
5941:
5937:
5934:
5930:
5929:
5928:
5925:
5920:
5916:
5913:
5909:
5906:
5902:
5899:
5895:
5894:
5893:
5890:
5888:
5885:
5883:
5880:
5878:
5875:
5873:
5870:
5868:
5865:
5863:
5860:
5858:
5855:
5853:
5850:
5848:
5845:
5844:
5842:
5840:
5836:
5833:
5831:
5827:
5823:
5816:
5811:
5809:
5804:
5802:
5797:
5796:
5793:
5787:
5784:
5782:
5779:
5777:
5774:
5772:
5768:
5765:
5763:
5760:
5759:
5751:
5748:
5746:
5743:
5741:
5738:
5736:
5733:
5731:
5728:
5726:
5723:
5721:
5718:
5716:
5713:
5712:
5708:
5707:
5704:
5701:
5699:
5696:
5695:
5687:
5684:
5681:
5678:
5675:
5671:
5668:
5666:
5665:
5660:
5656:
5653:
5650:
5647:
5644:
5641:
5639:
5635:
5632:
5630:
5629:
5624:
5621:
5619:
5615:
5612:
5610:
5606:
5603:
5601:
5598:
5595:
5592:
5591:
5576:
5570:
5566:
5561:
5557:
5551:
5546:
5545:
5538:
5534:
5528:
5524:
5519:
5515:
5509:
5505:
5501:
5500:Saron, Gustav
5497:
5493:
5487:
5483:
5478:
5474:
5468:
5464:
5460:
5456:
5451:
5447:
5443:
5439:
5435:
5431:
5427:
5423:
5419:
5413:
5412:
5392:
5388:
5384:
5378:
5363:
5356:
5349:
5343:
5338:
5322:
5318:
5314:
5308:
5289:
5285:
5278:
5272:
5256:
5252:
5248:
5242:
5227:
5220:
5214:
5199:
5193:
5186:
5180:
5173:
5167:
5159:
5155:
5151:
5145:
5129:
5125:
5121:
5114:
5098:
5094:
5088:
5072:
5068:
5062:
5046:
5042:
5038:
5031:
5024:
5020:
5015:
5010:
5006:
5002:
4995:
4986:
4979:
4973:
4958:
4952:
4948:
4947:
4939:
4931:
4927:
4920:
4912:
4908:
4901:
4886:
4882:
4876:
4860:
4856:
4850:
4842:
4838:
4837:
4832:
4826:
4810:
4806:
4802:
4796:
4779:
4775:
4769:
4753:
4749:
4743:
4735:
4731:
4725:
4717:
4713:
4707:
4692:
4688:
4684:
4680:
4673:
4671:
4655:
4651:
4647:
4643:
4636:
4628:
4624:
4620:
4619:Chris McGreal
4614:
4599:
4597:9781850430698
4593:
4589:
4588:
4580:
4572:
4568:
4564:
4560:
4556:
4550:
4542:
4540:9781851098736
4536:
4532:
4531:
4523:
4503:
4499:
4498:
4490:
4483:
4476:
4471:
4465:
4461:
4458:
4453:
4437:
4433:
4429:
4423:
4415:
4408:
4393:
4389:
4383:
4368:
4364:
4358:
4343:
4339:
4332:
4324:
4318:
4311:
4305:
4298:
4294:
4290:
4284:
4268:
4264:
4258:
4250:
4246:
4240:
4238:
4222:
4215:
4211:
4207:
4201:
4186:
4182:
4176:
4170:. 14 May 1977
4169:
4166:
4161:
4145:
4141:
4140:
4135:
4129:
4115:
4111:
4110:
4102:
4100:
4098:
4096:
4094:
4078:
4074:
4067:
4051:
4047:
4043:
4037:
4035:
4027:
4022:
4020:
4000:
3993:
3992:
3985:
3981:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3966:Jewish Report
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3948:
3944:
3933:
3930:
3919:
3912:
3910:
3906:
3902:
3898:
3896:
3892:
3888:
3886:
3882:
3878:
3873:
3871:
3867:
3863:
3859:
3855:
3851:
3846:
3844:
3840:
3836:
3832:
3828:
3824:
3820:
3816:
3812:
3808:
3803:
3801:
3800:Chabad Houses
3797:
3796:Torah Academy
3793:
3790:
3786:
3782:
3778:
3773:
3771:
3767:
3763:
3759:
3755:
3751:
3747:
3743:
3739:
3734:
3732:
3727:
3724:
3718:
3713:
3712:Torah MiTzion
3709:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3691:
3690:Bet Mordechai
3687:
3683:
3678:
3676:
3672:
3669:
3665:
3660:
3658:
3654:
3651:(est. 1959).
3650:
3645:
3640:
3636:
3632:
3628:
3624:
3620:
3615:
3613:
3609:
3605:
3601:
3597:
3593:
3586:
3582:
3578:
3569:
3567:
3563:
3559:
3554:
3552:
3548:
3547:Sekhukuneland
3544:
3540:
3536:
3532:
3528:
3524:
3520:
3516:
3512:
3508:
3504:
3500:
3494:
3484:
3482:
3476:
3472:
3470:
3466:
3461:
3454:
3450:
3446:
3442:
3440:
3436:
3432:
3428:
3424:
3420:
3416:
3412:
3411:United States
3408:
3404:
3400:
3389:
3387:
3383:
3379:
3375:
3373:
3369:
3368:disinvestment
3365:
3361:
3355:
3351:
3349:
3345:
3341:
3340:Harry Schwarz
3337:
3333:
3328:
3324:
3320:
3316:
3312:
3308:
3304:
3303:Liberal Party
3300:
3286:
3282:
3280:
3276:
3271:
3264:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3244:
3243:Rivonia trial
3239:
3236:
3232:
3228:
3224:
3220:
3212:
3208:
3204:
3198:Apartheid era
3195:
3192:
3187:
3185:
3181:
3177:
3172:
3169:
3165:
3161:
3158:
3154:
3150:
3146:
3143:due to their
3142:
3138:
3133:
3132:German Jewish
3129:
3125:
3121:
3117:
3113:
3109:
3105:
3100:
3098:
3094:
3090:
3086:
3076:
3074:
3070:
3066:
3062:
3058:
3055:were held in
3054:
3050:
3046:
3045:
3044:bittereinders
3040:
3036:
3035:
3030:
3026:
3022:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3009:
3008:The Spectator
3004:
3000:
2996:
2986:
2982:
2980:
2976:
2972:
2967:
2965:
2961:
2957:
2953:
2949:
2945:
2941:
2937:
2933:
2929:
2925:
2921:
2917:
2913:
2909:
2905:
2901:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2881:
2877:
2873:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2849:
2845:
2841:
2837:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2810:
2809:Christmas Day
2806:
2802:
2799:who lived in
2798:
2794:
2790:
2786:
2783:In 1652, the
2776:
2774:
2770:
2769:Vasco da Gama
2766:
2762:
2758:
2754:
2750:
2746:
2731:
2729:
2725:
2721:
2717:
2713:
2709:
2708:United States
2705:
2701:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2681:
2677:
2673:
2669:
2664:
2662:
2658:
2654:
2650:
2646:
2645:South African
2635:
2630:
2628:
2623:
2621:
2616:
2615:
2613:
2612:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2597:
2596:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2541:
2540:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2532:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2493:
2492:
2491:
2488:
2485:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2473:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2445:Judeo-Aramaic
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2435:Judeo-Italian
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2415:Ghardaïa Sign
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2363:
2359:
2358:
2357:
2354:
2353:
2350:
2345:
2344:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2319:
2318:
2317:
2314:
2311:
2310:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2266:
2265:
2264:
2261:
2258:
2257:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2233:
2232:
2231:
2228:
2225:
2224:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2210:
2209:
2208:
2205:
2202:
2201:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2181:
2178:
2177:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2159:
2158:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2132:
2131:
2130:
2126:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2114:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2067:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2049:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2041:
2040:Denominations
2036:
2035:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1999:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1888:
1887:
1886:
1883:
1880:
1879:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1868:United States
1866:
1864:
1861:
1860:
1859:
1858:
1854:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1697:
1696:
1695:
1692:
1689:
1688:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1488:
1487:
1483:
1482:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1354:Guinea-Bissau
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1266:
1265:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1257:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1238:
1237:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1229:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1208:Lists of Jews
1206:
1204:
1201:
1200:
1199:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1187:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1135:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1095:
1094:
1093:
1089:
1088:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1011:
1008:
1007:
1006:
1005:
1000:
995:
994:
983:
975:
973:
970:
968:
967:The Holocaust
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
929:
928:
927:
923:
922:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
894:
892:
887:
883:
877:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
861:
860:
859:
855:
852:
851:
844:
838:
832:
827:
824:
820:
814:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
760:
759:
758:
755:
752:
751:
746:
741:
739:
734:
730:
726:
723:
718:
713:
709:
705:
702:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
681:
679:
676:
675:
674:
673:
670:
667:
666:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
646:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
626:
623:
621:
618:
617:
616:
615:
611:
610:
605:
600:
599:
588:
585:
582:
581:
576:
574:
571:
569:
568:Mishneh Torah
566:
564:
561:
559:
556:
555:
554:
553:
548:
545:
543:
540:
539:
538:
537:
534:
531:
530:
525:
522:
520:
517:
516:
515:
514:
511:
508:
507:
502:
499:
497:
494:
492:
489:
488:
487:
486:
483:
480:
479:
474:
469:
468:
461:
458:
456:
453:
451:
448:
446:
443:
441:
438:
436:
433:
431:
428:
426:
423:
421:
418:
416:
413:
411:
406:
404:
401:
399:
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
366:
362:
359:
357:
354:
351:
347:
344:
343:
340:
335:
334:
329:
328:Who is a Jew?
326:
324:
321:
320:
319:
318:
315:
311:
308:
307:
303:
299:
298:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
262:
258:
253:
249:
244:
238:
235:
234:
231:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
203:
199:
197:
185:
181:
179:
167:
163:
159:
155:
153:
149:
145:
143:
139:
135:
133:
129:
125:
123:
119:
115:
113:
109:
105:
103:
99:
95:
93:
89:
85:
83:
79:
75:
73:
69:
65:
63:
59:
55:
53:
41:
36:
31:
25:
16:
7199:
7096:
7065:Baháʼí Faith
7053:San religion
6877:Christianity
6807:Saint Helena
6778:
6682:South Africa
6681:
6672:Sierra Leone
6477:Burkina Faso
6215:
5953:Sotho-Tswana
5662:
5658:
5634:South Africa
5626:
5564:
5543:
5522:
5503:
5481:
5462:
5425:
5421:
5395:. Retrieved
5391:the original
5386:
5377:
5365:. Retrieved
5361:
5348:
5337:
5325:. Retrieved
5321:the original
5317:Ma'ayan Bina
5316:
5307:
5295:. Retrieved
5288:the original
5283:
5271:
5259:. Retrieved
5255:the original
5250:
5241:
5229:. Retrieved
5225:
5213:
5201:. Retrieved
5192:
5179:
5174:, sajr.co.za
5166:
5158:the original
5153:
5144:
5132:. Retrieved
5128:the original
5123:
5113:
5101:. Retrieved
5097:the original
5087:
5075:. Retrieved
5071:the original
5061:
5049:. Retrieved
5044:
5040:
5030:
5004:
5000:
4994:
4985:
4977:
4972:
4960:. Retrieved
4945:
4938:
4929:
4919:
4910:
4900:
4888:. Retrieved
4884:
4875:
4863:. Retrieved
4858:
4849:
4841:the original
4834:
4825:
4813:. Retrieved
4809:the original
4804:
4795:
4782:. Retrieved
4778:the original
4768:
4756:. Retrieved
4752:the original
4742:
4733:
4724:
4716:the original
4706:
4694:. Retrieved
4683:The Guardian
4682:
4657:. Retrieved
4646:The Guardian
4645:
4635:
4627:The Guardian
4626:
4613:
4601:. Retrieved
4586:
4579:
4562:
4558:
4549:
4529:
4522:
4509:. Retrieved
4502:the original
4495:
4482:
4474:
4470:
4452:
4440:. Retrieved
4436:the original
4431:
4422:
4413:
4407:
4395:. Retrieved
4391:
4382:
4370:. Retrieved
4366:
4357:
4347:27 September
4345:. Retrieved
4341:
4331:
4317:
4309:
4304:
4288:
4283:
4271:. Retrieved
4267:the original
4257:
4248:
4224:. Retrieved
4200:
4188:. Retrieved
4184:
4175:
4167:
4160:
4148:. Retrieved
4144:the original
4137:
4128:
4117:, retrieved
4108:
4080:. Retrieved
4076:
4066:
4054:. Retrieved
4050:the original
4045:
4006:. Retrieved
3999:the original
3990:
3984:
3899:
3891:Conservative
3889:
3881:Beit Emanuel
3874:
3847:
3823:Aish HaTorah
3819:Ohr Somayach
3815:baal teshuva
3804:
3774:
3752:, including
3735:
3728:
3679:
3661:
3616:
3596:Talmud Torah
3589:
3558:First Temple
3555:
3515:South Africa
3511:ethnic group
3506:
3502:
3498:
3496:
3493:Lemba people
3487:Lemba people
3477:
3473:
3464:
3457:
3395:
3376:
3356:
3352:
3332:Helen Suzman
3299:United Party
3296:
3283:
3272:
3268:
3240:
3216:
3188:
3173:
3141:Nazi Germany
3101:
3082:
3065:Saint Helena
3052:
3048:
3042:
3032:
3016:
3006:
2999:British Army
2992:
2983:
2974:
2968:
2963:
2947:
2939:
2936:antisemitism
2924:John Molteno
2908:Saul Solomon
2892:S. Mosenthal
2856:Angora goats
2848:Aliwal North
2840:Gardens Shul
2836:congregation
2833:
2805:Western Cape
2782:
2742:
2665:
2643:
2584:Post-Zionism
2455:Judeo-Berber
2450:Judeo-Arabic
2410:Judeo-Gascon
2157:Pidyon haben
2076:Conservative
1622:Saudi Arabia
1440:South Africa
1438:
1429:Sierra Leone
1251:Israeli Jews
1165:Mosaic Arabs
1118:Kaifeng Jews
979:Arab–Israeli
952:Emancipation
831:Great Revolt
640:Anti-Judaism
635:Antisemitism
630:Name "Judea"
425:Baal teshuva
282:British Jews
229:
210:
106:1,000 (2.0%)
96:3,400 (6.5%)
86:3,400 (6.5%)
52:South Africa
18:Ethnic group
15:
6957:Free Church
6734:recognition
6687:South Sudan
6577:Ivory Coast
6366:Zimbabweans
6288:Cape Malays
6265:Zimbabweans
6235:Mozambicans
6138:Strandloper
5905:Gqunukhwebe
5342:aish.org.za
5103:14 November
5077:14 November
4226:4 September
4077:haaretz.com
3870:Toras Chaim
3866:bet midrash
3854:Beis Yaakov
3768:. See also
3754:Chief Rabbi
3581:Kosher meal
3435:chief rabbi
3423:Progressive
3386:Helen Zille
3348:Helen Zille
3313:rule. (See
3301:, then the
3250:Percy Yutar
3231:state visit
3227:D. F. Malan
3221:-dominated
3126:. The 1937
3029:conscripted
2916:Cape Colony
2864:Namaqualand
2761:upper class
2724:New Zealand
2579:Revisionist
2569:Neo-Zionism
2176:Zeved habat
1969:Puerto Rico
1795:Netherlands
1627:South Korea
1612:Philippines
1492:Afghanistan
1359:Ivory Coast
1133:Crypto-Jews
1098:Bnei Anusim
1077:Bene Israel
1042:Beta Israel
999:Communities
906:Middle Ages
645:Persecution
420:Bereavement
7080:Irreligion
6789:(Portugal)
6747:Somaliland
6667:Seychelles
6632:Mozambique
6617:Mauritania
6602:Madagascar
6557:The Gambia
6492:Cape Verde
6396:Pakistanis
6329:Gujaratis
6250:Portuguese
6240:Norwegians
6176:Cape Dutch
6163:Afrikaners
5852:Mpondomise
5409:References
5367:5 December
4696:13 January
4659:13 January
4219:(Report).
4150:2 November
4046:mio.org.il
3977:References
3839:Akiva Tatz
3668:Bnei Akiva
3564:. Genetic
3553:province.
3551:Mpumalanga
3549:) and the
3523:Mozambique
3279:Black Sash
3209:, born in
3153:Grayshirts
3137:Afrikaners
3128:Aliens Act
2964:uitlanders
2956:Protestant
2912:St. Helena
2844:Yom Kippur
2813:Protestant
2668:Portuguese
2564:Maximalism
2516:Secularism
2496:Autonomism
2313:Literature
2106:Humanistic
1710:Azerbaijan
1672:Uzbekistan
1647:Tajikistan
1567:Kyrgyzstan
1552:Kazakhstan
1399:Mozambique
1374:Madagascar
1294:Cape Verde
1246:New Yishuv
1241:Old Yishuv
1192:Population
1170:Subbotniks
1128:Samaritans
1067:Romanyotim
1010:Ashkenazim
957:Old Yishuv
937:Sabbateans
924:Modern era
916:Golden Age
843:Bar Kokhba
563:Beit Yosef
430:Philosophy
278:Dutch Jews
164:300 (0.9%)
156:400 (0.8%)
146:500 (1.0%)
136:700 (1.4%)
126:700 (1.3%)
116:900 (1.7%)
6869:Religions
6622:Mauritius
6381:Nigerians
6275:Coloureds
6183:Huguenots
6042:N'walungu
5450:145724288
5442:0031-322X
4691:0261-3077
4654:0261-3077
4119:13 August
3895:Masorti's
3811:Yad Shaul
3627:Cape Town
3535:Ethiopian
3529:of mixed
3481:MK Kosher
3451:, CEO of
3427:Cape Town
3403:Australia
3378:Tony Leon
3360:rabbinate
3344:Tony Leon
3311:apartheid
3219:Afrikaner
3217:When the
3211:Cape Town
3207:Abba Eban
3176:emigrated
3124:Transvaal
3116:Lithuania
3108:Quota Act
3039:guerrilla
3021:Transvaal
2979:Boer Jews
2975:Boerejode
2971:Afrikaans
2952:Christian
2948:Volksraad
2944:Catholics
2888:Xhosa War
2801:Cape Town
2720:Australia
2696:apartheid
2574:Religious
2430:Zarphatic
2420:Bukharian
2390:Judeo-Tat
2375:Yeshivish
2349:Languages
2304:Sephardic
2294:Israelite
2284:Ethiopian
2274:Ashkenazi
2213:Religious
2003:Australia
1985:Venezuela
1891:Argentina
1873:Greenland
1785:Lithuania
1637:Sri Lanka
1632:Singapore
1557:Kurdistan
1522:Indonesia
1512:Hong Kong
1465:Abayudaya
1389:Mauritius
1123:Igbo Jews
1113:Krymchaks
1032:Sephardim
900:relations
794:Sadducees
790:Pharisees
780:Sanhedrin
695:Jerusalem
455:Synagogue
323:Etymology
219:Afrikaans
205:Languages
196:Australia
7215:Category
7201:Category
7102:Paganism
7075:Hinduism
7070:Buddhism
6813: /
6809: /
6802:(France)
6796: /
6774: /
6770: /
6722:Zimbabwe
6697:Tanzania
6547:Ethiopia
6542:Eswatini
6522:Djibouti
6487:Cameroon
6472:Botswana
6386:Japanese
6230:Lebanese
6211:Italians
6191:Angolans
6128:Khoekhoe
6054:Hlanganu
6002:Mabelane
5995:Balobedu
5981:Batlokwa
5882:Ndwandwe
5618:Jay Sand
5397:8 August
5327:8 August
5297:8 August
5261:8 August
5231:1 August
5134:8 August
5124:MyShtetl
4890:8 August
4865:8 August
4855:"ChaiFM"
4815:8 August
4511:8 August
4460:Archived
4442:8 August
4082:8 August
4056:8 August
3915:See also
3809:kollel,
3766:Hashkafa
3762:"Telshe"
3738:yeshivot
3704:Mizrachi
3694:midrasha
3653:Umhlanga
3635:Pretoria
3612:yeshivot
3608:Talmudic
3527:Zimbabwe
3453:Glencore
3419:Orthodox
3409:and the
3336:Houghton
3323:De Beers
3277:and the
3053:Boerjode
3049:Boerjode
3034:burghers
3017:Boerjode
2960:Boer War
2940:Grondwet
2928:Disraeli
2601:Category
2559:Kahanism
2506:Feminism
2478:Politics
2362:Biblical
2332:American
2279:Bukharan
2269:American
2169:Shidduch
2145:Clothing
2101:Haymanot
2047:Orthodox
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1958:Paraguay
1911:Colombia
1810:Portugal
1720:Bulgaria
1657:Thailand
1607:Pakistan
1587:Mongolia
1582:Malaysia
1502:Cambodia
1476:Zimbabwe
1451:Tanzania
1329:Eswatini
1319:Ethiopia
1309:Djibouti
1289:Cameroon
1284:Botswana
1213:Diaspora
1175:Noahides
1148:Marranos
1072:Cochinim
1057:Bukharim
1047:Gruzinim
1037:Teimanim
1027:Mizrahim
1015:Galician
981:conflict
942:Hasidism
932:Haskalah
837:Diaspora
708:timeline
620:Timeline
533:Rabbinic
440:Kabbalah
415:Marriage
391:Tzedakah
381:Holidays
339:Religion
302:a series
300:Part of
290:Israelis
246:Religion
230:Minority
7127:Related
7097:Judaism
6798:Réunion
6794:Mayotte
6785:Madeira
6780:(Spain)
6776:Melilla
6707:Tunisia
6677:Somalia
6662:Senegal
6647:Nigeria
6637:Namibia
6627:Morocco
6592:Liberia
6587:Lesotho
6537:Eritrea
6507:Comoros
6482:Burundi
6457:Algeria
6391:Koreans
6376:Somalis
6371:Chinese
6308:Indians
6298:Oorlams
6293:Griquas
6196:Germans
6158:British
6036:Hlengwe
5974:Bataung
5967:Bakoena
5940:Khumalo
5898:Gcaleka
5867:Ndebele
5709:Schools
5628:Reuters
5588:General
5203:5 April
5023:8900243
5014:1914832
4859:Chai FM
4758:26 June
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3097:Semitic
3089:Yiddish
3069:Bermuda
2932:Judaism
2884:diamond
2876:fishing
2872:whaling
2868:sealing
2821:British
2734:History
2702:in the
2684:Britain
2544:General
2535:Zionism
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2501:Bundism
2425:Knaanic
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2370:Yiddish
2327:Yiddish
2322:Israeli
2299:Mizrahi
2289:Israeli
2260:Cuisine
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2140:Wedding
2127:Customs
2119:Culture
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1497:Bahrain
1456:Tunisia
1434:Somalia
1409:Nigeria
1404:Namibia
1394:Morocco
1324:Eritrea
1269:Algeria
1153:Neofiti
1062:Italkim
1052:Juhurim
962:Zionism
911:Khazars
806:Sicarii
802:Zealots
798:Essenes
785:Schisms
650:Leaders
612:General
604:History
547:Tosefta
542:Midrash
519:Mishnah
501:Ketuvim
496:Nevi'im
445:Customs
376:Shabbat
371:Halakha
363: (
361:Mitzvot
348: (
314:Judaism
223:Yiddish
6817:
6800:
6787:
6717:Zambia
6712:Uganda
6652:Rwanda
6607:Malawi
6567:Guinea
6462:Angola
6354:Others
6346:Koknis
6340:Surtis
6334:Memons
6316:Tamils
6201:Greeks
6150:Whites
6072:Thonga
6069:Ndzawu
6063:Dzonga
6057:Nhlave
6051:Rhonga
6045:Gwamba
6029:Tsonga
6016:Balete
6010:Tswana
5919:Xesibe
5887:Thembu
5676:, 2006
5571:
5552:
5529:
5510:
5488:
5469:
5448:
5440:
5021:
5011:
4962:19 May
4953:
4784:6 July
4689:
4652:
4594:
4537:
4295:
3901:Limmud
3850:Haredi
3807:Haredi
3750:Rabbis
3729:Rabbi
3699:Emunah
3692:) and
3686:kollel
3639:Durban
3592:Cheder
3539:Yemeni
3519:Malawi
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3469:ChaiFM
3460:kosher
3415:Africa
3407:Canada
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3118:. The
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2896:Vienna
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2860:mohair
2722:, and
2714:, the
2712:Canada
2606:Portal
2465:Domari
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2356:Hebrew
2251:Humour
2195:Hiloni
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2070:Reform
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1800:Norway
1780:Latvia
1765:Greece
1750:France
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1691:Europe
1662:Turkey
1652:Taiwan
1562:Kuwait
1547:Jordan
1537:Israel
1471:Zambia
1461:Uganda
1379:Malawi
1349:Guinea
1339:Gambia
1274:Angola
1260:Africa
1143:Dönmeh
1138:Anusim
1082:Berber
1020:Litvak
972:Israel
878:
815:
729:Second
697:
558:Targum
524:Gemara
510:Talmud
482:Tanakh
435:Ethics
386:Prayer
227:Hebrew
200:15,000
193:
182:20,000
178:Israel
175:
49:
7174:NICSA
7139:SAHRC
7085:Islam
7041:Other
6772:Ceuta
6692:Sudan
6642:Niger
6597:Libya
6582:Kenya
6562:Ghana
6552:Gabon
6527:Egypt
6467:Benin
6361:Lemba
6323:Hindi
6260:Turks
6255:Serbs
6245:Poles
6206:Irish
6169:Boers
6118:ǃKung
6088:Ngona
6081:Venda
6048:Tswha
5933:Fingo
5912:Gaika
5892:Xhosa
5877:Swazi
5872:Pondo
5862:Hlubi
5857:Fengu
5847:Bhaca
5839:Nguni
5446:S2CID
5358:(PDF)
5291:(PDF)
5280:(PDF)
5222:(PDF)
5051:9 May
4505:(PDF)
4492:(PDF)
4397:5 May
4372:5 May
4217:(PDF)
4008:2 May
4002:(PDF)
3995:(PDF)
3702:) of
3566:Y-DNA
3560:-era
3531:Bantu
3505:, or
3503:Remba
3499:Lemba
3392:Today
3073:India
3047:; 12
2554:Labor
2549:Green
2246:Dance
2204:Music
2023:Palau
1943:Haiti
1906:Chile
1830:Spain
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1682:Yemen
1642:Syria
1617:Qatar
1597:Nepal
1542:Japan
1517:India
1507:China
1446:Sudan
1369:Libya
1364:Kenya
1344:Ghana
1334:Gabon
1314:Egypt
1299:Benin
1158:Xueta
1103:Lemba
722:First
587:Zohar
491:Torah
473:Texts
460:Rabbi
450:Rites
350:names
259:(20%)
254:(80%)
7169:SACC
7090:Shia
6940:GKSA
6702:Togo
6612:Mali
6502:Chad
6401:Roma
6326:Urdu
6216:Jews
6133:Nama
6122:ǀXam
6103:and
6101:Khoi
6066:Copi
6060:Bila
6039:Xika
5927:Zulu
5569:ISBN
5550:ISBN
5527:ISBN
5508:ISBN
5486:ISBN
5467:ISBN
5438:ISSN
5399:2021
5369:2019
5329:2021
5299:2021
5263:2021
5233:2021
5205:2016
5136:2021
5105:2018
5079:2018
5053:2014
5047:(12)
5019:PMID
4964:2024
4951:ISBN
4892:2021
4867:2021
4817:2021
4786:2005
4760:2013
4698:2024
4687:ISSN
4661:2024
4650:ISSN
4605:2016
4592:ISBN
4535:ISBN
4513:2021
4444:2021
4399:2024
4374:2024
4349:2021
4293:ISBN
4275:2016
4228:2023
4192:2016
4152:2006
4121:2010
4084:2021
4058:2021
4010:2021
3875:The
3833:and
3821:and
3720:and
3710:, a
3637:and
3562:Jews
3537:and
3525:and
3497:The
3325:and
3157:Nazi
3151:'s "
3071:and
3023:and
2954:and
2910:(b.
2852:wool
2767:and
2013:Guam
2008:Fiji
1963:Peru
1916:Cuba
1602:Oman
1572:Laos
1532:Iraq
1527:Iran
1484:Asia
1413:Igbo
1384:Mali
403:Brit
312:and
310:Jews
6935:NHK
6930:NGK
6113:San
6105:San
5661:",
5657:, "
5430:doi
5045:103
5009:PMC
4567:hdl
3756:Dr
3647:in
3594:or
3178:to
2894:of
2807:on
2227:Art
573:Tur
365:613
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5769:;
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