3867:
64:
3993:
3970:
3093:. Hispanos demanded that their lands be returned but governments did not respond favorably. For example, the Surveyor of General Claims Office in New Mexico would at times take up to fifty years to process a claim, meanwhile, the lands were being grabbed up by the newcomers. One tactic used to defraud Hispanos from their lands was to demand that they present documentation proving ownership written in English. Because the territory had previously been part of Mexico, only Spanish-language ownership documentation existed. While the
3210:
evoked Spain, not Mexico, recalling images of a romantic colonial past and suggesting a future of equality in Anglo-dominated
America. For Anglos, on the other hand, it was a useful term that upgraded the state's image, for the old image as a "Mexican" land suggested violence and disorder, and had discouraged capital investment and set back the statehood campaign. The new term gave the impression that Spanish-Americans belonged to a true American political culture, making the established order appear all the more democratic.
3958:
4001:
government's paper working language, government business is often conducted in
Spanish, particularly at the local level. The original state constitution of 1912, renewed in 1931 and 1943, provided for a bilingual government with laws being published in both languages. The constitution does not identify any language as official. While the legislature permitted the use of Spanish there until 1935, in the 21st century all state officials are required to be fluent in English. Some scholars argue that, since not
3895:
5934:
2572:
2003:
5948:
2966:, enacted a law to force the settlers and Franciscans to pay Native Americans for their work. He opposed what he perceived to be the mistreatment of the Indians by the Franciscans and proposed to allow the Indians to preserve and to practice their culture, religion, and customs. The Franciscans protested the law and accused the governor before the Inquisition. Later he was tried in Mexico City. So, the Franciscans indirectly governed the New Mexico province.
10157:
5545:
120:
3966:
native
Americans. New Mexico's annexation to the United States resulted in the establishment of a curio market, to which Hispanic weavers adjusted their production. This market provided an important opportunity for Hispanics who became middlemen between weavers and customers. During this period, the Anglo-American market was interested in native American collectables, and as a result weavers incorporated many Amerindian designs into their weavings.
142:
164:
208:
186:
471:
10167:
3182:
Hispanos. At the same time, economic growth led to
Hispanos' being brought into the American cash economy, whereas previously most rural Hispanos lived at a subsistence level. Many Hispanos ended up moving to other areas as migrant laborers to be able to support their families. With the development of the curio market in the early 20th century, others were able to employ traditional crafts, such as
3801:, built in 1793, contains a Star of David on the left and right sides of the altar. Some observers believe that this is evidence of the influence of Crypto-Jews in New Mexico, but others think there is not enough to support that interpretation. Researchers have found cemetery headstones in Northern New Mexico with Hebrew and Jewish symbols alongside those with Catholic crosses.
3037:, a fellow Hispano appointed by Mexico, which eased the people's concerns. The impetus for this revolt was the class antagonism present in New Mexican society. When central rule was reestablished, Armijo ruled the province as governor, though with greater autonomy. In the mid-1830s, New Mexico began to function as a trading hub between the United States, Central Mexico, and
2838:, while Native New Mexicans were commonly enslaved and adopted Spanish language and culture. These natives, called Genízaros, served as house servants, sheep herders, and in other capacities in New Mexico including what is known today as Southern Colorado well into the 1800s. By the late 18th century, Genízaros and their descendants, often referred to as
3167:. The New Mexico Volunteer Infantry, with 157 Hispanic officers, was the Union unit with the most officers of that ethnic background. Along with Colonel Miguel E. Pino and Lieutenant Colonel Jose Maria Valdez, who belonged to the 2nd New Mexico Volunteer Infantry, the New Mexico Volunteer Infantry also included Colonel
3978:
weaving as a "pure" preserved
Spanish custom. They rejected the supposed inauthenticity and commerciality of the curio market. In many cases, they ended up attempting to impose their own artistic tastes on Hispanic weavers. Later, with the Great Depression came government programs promoting weaving as a skill.
2880:. In New Mexico, the Spanish-speaking population (of colonial descent) was always proportionally greater than those of California and Texas. The term is commonly used to differentiate those who settled the area early, around 1598 to 1848, from later Mexican migrants. It can also refer to anyone of "Spanish or
3965:
While New
Mexican Hispanic weaving started out with the production of woven goods for local consumption, even in the colonial era New Mexican Hispanos traded their woven blankets with native Americans and with residents of Mexico's interior. These blankets formed an important part of trade with local
3804:
Genetic studies have been conducted on some
Spanish New Mexicans. Michael Hammer, a research professor at the University of Arizona and an expert on Jewish genetics, said that fewer than 1% of non-Semites, but more than four times the entire Jewish population of the world, possessed the male-specific
2818:
politically and economically from the 1750s to 1850s. Due to the
Comanche, contact with the rest of the Spanish empire was limited, and the settlers developed closer trading links with the Comanche than the rest of New Spain. In the meantime, some of the colonists coexisted with and intermarried with
2954:
peoples. There were also major clashes between the
Franciscan missionaries (brought to New Mexico to convert the indigenous peoples to Christianity and Hispanicize them) and secular and religious authorities. The colonists exploited Indian labor, as was typical in other areas of the Spanish colonies
3017:
The mainland part of New Spain won independence from Spain in 1821, and New Mexico became part of the new nation of Mexico. The
Spanish settlers of New Mexico, and their descendants, adapted somewhat to Mexican citizenship. The Hispanos chose to make New Mexico a territory of Mexico, rather than a
3925:
style but it also shows many simplifications. The availability of commercial yarns in the late 1800s led to more intricate designs, such as the blankets which came to be known as "Hispanic eyedazzlers". A new type of design from this time, typically featuring eight-pointed stars, became known as
3209:
Anglos and Hispanics cooperated because both prosperous and poor Hispanics could vote and they outnumbered the Anglos. Around 1920, the term "Spanish-American" replaced "Mexican" in polite society and in political debate. The new term served the interests of both groups. For Spanish speakers, it
3181:
After New Mexico's annexation and before statehood, Anglos called New Mexico's Hispanics "Mexicans", with little distinction being made from those who lived south of the border. The loss of land, the encroachment of Anglos and ensuing conflict led to a growth in ethnic identity among New Mexican
2794:
Hispanos identify strongly with their Hispanic heritage, and have pride for their varying levels of Spanish and Indigenous ancestry, and are focused on their aforementioned New Mexican identity. Exact numbers for the population size of New Mexican Hispanos is difficult, as many also identify as
4000:
It is commonly thought that Spanish is an official language alongside English because of its wide usage and legal promotion of Spanish in New Mexico; however, the state has no official language. New Mexico's laws are promulgated bilingually in Spanish and English. Although English is the state
3977:
Later, after the first World War, Anglo-Americans interested in a revival of Spanish arts and crafts in New Mexico began to promote what they saw as authentic Spanish weaving. They rejected native American and Mexican influences in New Mexican Hispanic weaving and promoted the idea of Hispanic
3890:
influence, due to their occupation of Spain, and New Mexican Hispanic weaving also shows influence from trade goods imported from the Far East. Hispanic Weaving has evolved considerably from its establishment, while at the same time Hispanic weavers have always maintained continuity with their
3197:
The United States and the New Mexico State governments tried to incorporate the Hispanos into mainstream American life. Examples of this include: is the mixing of Hispanos' images with American patriots' symbols, the first translation of the national anthem into Spanish, and the recruitment of
3193:
eventually became the majority population. The state's Hispanos became an economically disadvantaged population, becoming virtual second-class citizens compared to the Anglos. The Hispanos suffered discrimination from Anglophone Americans, who also questioned the loyalty of these new American
5650:, American politician who served as Chair of the Democratic Caucus of the Colorado House of Representatives (1976–1979), being the first woman to hold that office and the first Hispanic woman elected to the Colorado State Senate and in the House and Senate of a state Legislature.
3288:
The Hispano community in Southern Colorado is descended from Hispanos from New Mexico who migrated there in the second half of the 19th century. Several Hispano ethnographers, linguists, and folklorists studied both of these centers of population (particularly Rubén Cobos,
3171:(eventually promoted to Brigadier General), the commanding officer of the First New Mexico Volunteer Infantry, Colonel Jose G. Gallegos commander of the Third New Mexico Volunteer Infantry, and Lieutenant Colonel Francisco Perea, who commanded Perea's Militia Battalion.
6330:
For centuries the Walatoans practiced both Christianity and their native religion, but slowly the religions merged, and by the time of the novel's central action the people of Walatowa have their own peculiar brand of Pueblo Christianity, with its own rituals and
2848:, New Mexico and all its inhabitants came under the governance of the English-speaking U.S., and for the next hundred years, English-speakers increased in number. By the 1980s, more and more Hispanos were using English instead of New Mexican Spanish at home.
2981:
became the new governor of New Mexico. He entered the former capital bearing an image of La Conquistadora. The Native Americans were so intrigued by the statue of the Virgin Mary that they are reputed to have laid down their arms at the sight of it. This
3113:
to accomplish their goals. They sought to develop a class-based consciousness among local people through the everyday tactics of resistance to the economic and social order confronting common property land grant communities. They called themselves
4027:
Because of the relative isolation of these people from other Spanish-speaking areas over most of the area's 400-year history, they developed what is known as New Mexico Spanish. In particular the Spanish of Hispanos in
4036:
has retained many elements of 16th- and 17th-century Spanish spoken by the colonists who settled the area. In addition, some unique vocabulary has developed here. New Mexican Spanish also contains loan words from the
3060:
crushed the rebellion. The rebels regrouped and fought three more engagements, but after being defeated, they abandoned open warfare. Mexico ceded the territories of the north to the United States with the so-called
4012:
as do speakers of English. In public education, the state has the constitutional obligation to provide for bilingual education and Spanish-speaking instructors in school districts where the majority of students are
3237:, although other southwestern states have thousands of Hispanos with origins in New Mexico. Most of New Mexico's Hispanos, numbering in the hundreds of thousands, live in the northern half of the state, mainly
11125:
3912:
from Mexico, and Mexican weavers would continue moving into New Mexico and influencing local weaving up through the early 20th century. New Mexican Hispanics also developed their own styles of weaving. The
2942:. He became the first governor of New Mexico. The exploitation of Spanish rule under Oñate caused nearly continuous attacks and reprisals from the nomadic Amer-Indian tribes on the borders, especially the
2545:
5852:(1900–1993), ethnographer, linguist, and folklorist who was a pioneer in the study of the Hispanos; he studied the peoples, their stories and language, from Northern both New Mexico and Southern Colorado.
1375:
3948:, developed between 1920 and 1940. It is characterized by well-developed transverse bands and a prominent central motif. The central motif is usually diamond or hourglass shaped and very elaborate. The
3022:
gained independence, Texas claimed part of the Province of New Mexico, and sought "if possible, to establish Texas jurisdiction over Santa Fe", the capital, which was disputed by Mexico. In 1841, the
10952:
1781:
2718:
are part of the larger Hispano community of the United States, who have lived in the American Southwest since the 16th century. These groups are differentiated by time period from the population of
4005:
legal matters are published in both languages, New Mexico cannot be considered a true bilingual state. Juan Perea has countered with saying that the state was officially bilingual until 1953.
3790:
in New Mexico, 1,700 of whom were born in the state. However some have proposed that there may be a significant number of Latinos in New Mexico who are descendants of Anusim, or crypto-Jews.
2986:
of New Mexico is reputed to have been bloodless and every year since then this statue of the Virgin Mary has been carried in procession through the City of Santa Fe to commemorate the event.
6193:
5656:(1864–1917), the first Hispano elected for office as Lieutenant Governor in New Mexico's first election. He is a descendant of the original Spanish settlers which later became part of the
2043:
4008:
With regard to the judiciary, witnesses have the right to testify in either of the two languages. Monolingual speakers of Spanish have the same right and obligation to be considered for
3827:
in Eastern Europe, also carries a Sephardic Y-chromosomal lineage, belonging to haplogroup J-M267. Greenspan's 67-marker STR matches include two Hispanic descendants of Juan Tenorio of
10112:
2702:
The descendants of these New Mexican settlers make up an ethnic community of more than 340,000 in New Mexico, with others throughout the historical Spanish territorial claim of
9665:
2301:
7085:
10327:
2211:
6757:
3902:
Mexican influence on New Mexican Hispanic weaving did not stop once Hispanics in New Mexico began developing their own weaving tradition. New Mexican weavers adopted the
11199:
10122:
3033:
in New Mexico caused the Hispanos to overthrow and execute the centrally appointed Mexican governor, demanding increased regional authority. This revolt was defeated by
11204:
9685:
3221:, provided employment to Hispanos. At the same time, Hispanos joined the military and served abroad at a higher-than-average rate. A large number were victims of the
7391:
3044:
New Mexico grew economically and the United States began to take notice of the strategic position New Mexico played in the western trade routes. In 1846, during the
2036:
7527:
3194:
citizens. The cultures of Hispanos and immigrant Anglophones eventually mixed to some degree, as was the case with immigrants in other parts of the United States.
3206:. Contributions from both sides helped to improve the conditions of citizenship in the community, but social inequality between the Anglos and Hispanos remained.
10203:
7470:
2602:
5730:(1907–2004), son of Aurelio Macedonio Espinosa Sr. Professor at Stanford University and an expert on Spanish linguistics, focusing on Spanish American folklore.
5724:(1880–1958), Professor who studied the Spanish American folklore and philology. He descended from the first New Mexicans to settle in Colorado in the mid-1800s.
3898:
A Chimayó weaver at his loom. One clear difference between New Mexican Hispanic weaving and Navajo weaving is that Hispanic weavers stand upright while weaving.
3866:
9986:
4074:
2306:
11078:
8613:
3081:
After the Mexican–American War, Anglo Americans began migrating in large numbers to all of the newly acquired territory. Anglos began taking lands from both
1877:
10889:
2029:
1711:
8739:
8729:
8689:
4053:), and borrowings from English. Grammatical changes include the loss of the second person plural verb form, changes in verb endings, particularly in the
3132:
2291:
1380:
5858:, American entrepreneur, activist and former American diplomat. He served as the U.S. Ambassador to Spain and Andorra between the years of 1998 and 2001
9658:
2738:
10320:
6860:
3148:
6151:
11155:
10421:
10127:
9981:
6878:
5706:(1808–1879), Rancher, landowner and member of the Los Angeles Common Council (modern City Council) and the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors.
7232:
6498:
10987:
10022:
9613:
6282:
4110:
2017:
2012:
6972:. ZichronNote, newsletter of the San Francisco Bay Area Jewish Genealogical Society, volume 37, number 1/2 (February/May 2017) on pages 18-20.
11031:
10170:
10160:
9702:
9651:
8373:
7384:
5028:
1859:
6957:. ZichronNote, newsletter of the San Francisco Bay Area Jewish Genealogical Society, volume 38, number 1/2 (February/May 2018) on pages 5-6.
6113:
3809:" (this is not carried by all Jews, but is prevalent among Jews claiming descent from hereditary priests). Some 30 of 78 Hispanos tested in
10313:
3730:
According to DNA studies, Hispanos of New Mexico have significant proportions of Amerindian genes (between 30 and 40% of the Nuevomexicano
5628:(1814–1884), Member of the Mexican Congress, soldier in the Mexican Army, in the Mexican–American War, Native American Agent by President
5422:
11214:
11173:
10983:
10979:
10196:
7537:
7505:
7435:
2595:
1845:
28:
2928:
came north from Mexico City to New Mexico with 500 Spanish settlers and soldiers and a livestock of 7,000 animals. The settlers founded
10620:
2326:
905:
10117:
10096:
10072:
8682:
6134:
5981:
3278:
2361:
7555:
4021:
10602:
10575:
7795:
7455:
7409:
7377:
7080:
2286:
1404:
882:
855:
11083:
10509:
9690:
7837:
7679:
7654:
7522:
6011:
6006:
4156:
3878:
tradition, with roots in the weaving practices of Spain and Mexico and heavy influences from the local weaving traditions of the
1882:
1618:
887:
637:
10972:
10608:
10189:
10044:
7864:
7495:
7475:
7465:
7430:
6749:
5911:
3094:
2588:
1838:
1792:
893:
4497:
11140:
11073:
8856:
7800:
7450:
7351:
6937:
6725:
6446:
6412:
6378:
6255:
6090:
6066:
4896:
3734:) due to mixing between Spanish and Native Americans that occurred during the colonial era. Much of this ancestry comes from
2881:
2550:
2431:
2321:
2251:
1872:
416:
240:
3147:
governments claimed ownership and territorial rights over it. In 1861 the Confederacy claimed the southern tract as its own
742:
11150:
9991:
7771:
7570:
7500:
7485:
7282:
7152:
5939:
4533:
4081:'s strength in New Mexico came from Latino voters, from whom he garnered 61% of the vote. These included 54% of Latinos of
3009:
and appointed a public defender to protect the rights of the Indians and to argue their legal cases in the Spanish courts.
2576:
2453:
1385:
792:
10896:
10744:
10059:
10054:
10012:
9965:
9960:
9955:
8840:
8070:
8063:
7996:
7783:
7669:
7510:
5961:
5574:
4387:
4146:
2525:
2520:
2515:
1718:
797:
3213:
World War II was a transformative time for New Mexican Hispanos. Increased federal investment in the state, such as the
10991:
10865:
10580:
10017:
7891:
7788:
7766:
7585:
7445:
7199:
6784:"Native American admixture recapitulates population-specific migration and settlement of the continental United States"
6543:
6194:"Oasisamérica, la antigua región entre México y Estados Unidos cuyos habitantes esperaban que el mundo acabase en 1695"
5489:
3082:
3006:
1686:
1565:
1247:
860:
747:
5917:
2894:
since 1970 to encompass all peoples in the United States (and often beyond) of Spanish-speaking background, the terms
2371:
11052:
11005:
10264:
10064:
10039:
10029:
8769:
7622:
7565:
7517:
7440:
7400:
7332:
7313:
2959:
2281:
63:
4103:
3954:
style is the most common one today, but other weavers recreate older designs, and some make very individual pieces.
3101:, orchestrated schemes to remove natives from their lands. In response, Hispanos gathered to reclaim lands taken by
2814:(1598—1821) with its capital in Mexico City, and later independent Mexico (1821–1848). However, it was dominated by
11135:
10924:
10084:
10034:
10007:
7701:
7659:
7644:
7460:
5821:
5811:
5329:
5302:
4741:
4380:
1977:
1746:
5864:(1835–1918), American politician, rancher and Delegate to United States Congress from the Territory of New Mexico.
1268:
10903:
10647:
10049:
7711:
7649:
5632:, and member the Union Army (US Army) during the American Civil War. He was the first Hispanic Brigadier General.
5277:
5148:
3738:, Native American slaves serving Hispanic families in the colonial period. Their Amerindian ancestors are mainly
1725:
1261:
927:
7257:
10079:
7756:
7731:
7612:
7532:
7425:
6834:
5727:
5721:
5222:
4865:
3307:
3294:
2990:
1212:
308:
6910:
11145:
11098:
10554:
10259:
10091:
9674:
9292:
7592:
7560:
7547:
5387:
5287:
5252:
5207:
5118:
5043:
5012:
4461:
4402:
4345:
4303:
4217:
4196:
4129:
3853:. However, Hispanos of New Mexico have no more Sephardic Jewish genes than the Hispanic American population.
3250:
3140:
3089:. Squatters often sold these lands to land speculators for huge profits, especially after the passing of the
2730:. They also differ genetically in their indigenous heritage, as Mexican Americans tend to be more related to
2692:
2276:
2064:
1982:
1198:
807:
373:
272:
10850:
6624:
Phillip B. Gonzales, "Spanish Heritage and Ethnic Protest in New Mexico: The Anti-Fraternity Bill of 1933,"
6404:
Chicano Folklore: A Guide to the Folktales, Traditions, Rituals and Religious Practices of Mexican Americans
1484:
9362:
7664:
7597:
7490:
5781:
5599:
5479:
5474:
5356:
5346:
5322:
5232:
5197:
5143:
5128:
5123:
5048:
4947:
4936:
4926:
4768:
4647:
4523:
4424:
4232:
4186:
3759:
3262:
2271:
2221:
1924:
552:
10519:
5840:(1830 – 1913), American businessman and politician, serving first in the House of the New Mexico Territory
5793:
3202:
and the First World War. One early contribution by the Hispanos to American society was their support for
2756:. Culturally they identify with the culture of New Mexico, practicing Pueblo Christianity, and displaying
817:
11038:
10534:
9628:
9603:
9399:
7736:
6149:
5799:
5453:
5448:
5392:
5382:
5317:
5086:
5075:
4716:
4705:
4700:
4673:
4591:
4512:
4446:
4441:
4340:
4287:
4277:
4257:
4222:
4166:
3030:
2785:
2316:
2311:
1866:
1628:
1226:
1171:
772:
599:
399:
284:
6663:
Charles Montgomery, "Becoming 'Spanish-American': Race and Rhetoric in New Mexico Politics, 1880-1928,"
6639:
6220:
6001:
5292:
4502:
2640:
10426:
9384:
7607:
6085:. Recovering the U.S. Hispanic Literary Heritage Project publication. Arte Público Press. p. 407.
5787:
5615:
5351:
5242:
5227:
5164:
5133:
5053:
5038:
5017:
4952:
4906:
4819:
4814:
4695:
4657:
4632:
4576:
4548:
4528:
4466:
4350:
4323:
4267:
4247:
4242:
4207:
4191:
4181:
4171:
4136:
4124:
3258:
3144:
2935:
the first Spanish settlement in what was called the Kingdom of New Mexico, after the Valley of Mexico.
2930:
2656:
2206:
1425:
722:
652:
420:
5718:, American politician and businessman. He served as the mayor of San Antonio, Texas, from 1981 to 1989
5709:
5312:
4982:
4678:
2216:
11130:
10739:
9608:
9575:
9219:
8699:
8297:
6490:
6178:
5772:(1849–1892), Delegate to the United States House of Representatives from the Territory of New Mexico.
5657:
5443:
5432:
5407:
5361:
5334:
5262:
5237:
5176:
5113:
4997:
4931:
4921:
4901:
4891:
4880:
4875:
4803:
4793:
4788:
4773:
4685:
4652:
4622:
4581:
4476:
4456:
4419:
4414:
4292:
4272:
4237:
4151:
3798:
3356:
3312:
3249:, although they are distributed throughout the north of the state. Also there are communities in the
1972:
1929:
1661:
1233:
1085:
642:
10484:
7123:
4967:
4559:
3178:, aiming to abolish the historical system of peonage that had existed among the Hispano population.
1608:
777:
11066:
10734:
10446:
9623:
9598:
8382:
8229:
7951:
7901:
7847:
7639:
6538:
5619:
5548:
5417:
5371:
5297:
5267:
5257:
5247:
5159:
5138:
5033:
4962:
4870:
4860:
4855:
4726:
4627:
4586:
4564:
4492:
4451:
4397:
4392:
4313:
4262:
4119:
3199:
3045:
2994:
2845:
2723:
2680:
2226:
1418:
1302:
1014:
767:
672:
579:
27:
This article is about Hispanos of New Mexico. For Hispanic and Latino Americans in New Mexico, see
17:
10524:
10479:
5669:
5106:
5091:
3225:. As a result, there are many memorials and commemorations of that events' victims in New Mexico.
822:
717:
10820:
10237:
9783:
9723:
9560:
9167:
8709:
7879:
7815:
5873:
5653:
5567:
5500:
5458:
5366:
5181:
4845:
4783:
4778:
4690:
4637:
4538:
4507:
4481:
4471:
4429:
4407:
4176:
3233:
Currently, the majority of the Hispano population is distributed between New Mexico and Southern
3164:
2765:
2161:
1967:
1590:
1449:
1316:
627:
594:
407:
10241:
5733:
3246:
411:
10669:
10631:
10614:
9347:
7906:
7761:
7632:
5763:
5402:
5307:
5202:
5192:
4824:
4746:
4569:
4360:
4161:
3218:
2688:
2555:
1570:
1309:
899:
752:
535:
288:
232:
9728:
6715:
6402:
6166:
6080:
3992:
2488:
762:
11194:
11120:
11115:
11024:
10938:
10875:
10855:
10724:
10585:
9806:
9527:
9444:
9409:
9404:
9305:
8764:
8734:
8464:
8427:
8349:
8197:
8192:
7805:
7706:
7480:
6368:
6018:
5703:
5675:
5282:
5002:
4992:
4987:
4370:
3838:
2914:
2905:
are sometimes used in English to refer to this group, but this is less common in New Mexico.
2745:
2106:
1962:
1957:
1803:
1760:
1697:
1560:
1489:
865:
647:
589:
268:
244:
5870:(1916–2005), member of the Los Angeles City Council and of the U.S. House of Representatives
5593:
2963:
1613:
11058:
10931:
10679:
10626:
10544:
10539:
10451:
10431:
10147:
The U.S. Census Bureau excludes Brazilian Americans from the "Hispanic or Latino" category.
9896:
9881:
9876:
9831:
9826:
9821:
9811:
9517:
9507:
9497:
9487:
9439:
9330:
9325:
9320:
9310:
8749:
8714:
8704:
8541:
8359:
8329:
8283:
8149:
8124:
7946:
7884:
7776:
7162:
6533:
5905:
5825:
5815:
5790:(1793–1867), priest, educator, publisher, rancher, farmer, community leader, and politician
5672:(1833–1904), Military leader, politician, lawyer and rancher from the New Mexico Territory.
5611:
5532:
5484:
4318:
3794:
3238:
3128:
2924:
The first Spanish settlers emigrated to New Mexico on July 11, 1598, when the explorer Don
2769:
2696:
2684:
2426:
2181:
2166:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2126:
2121:
2007:
1753:
1527:
1164:
916:
782:
737:
677:
657:
10917:
6132:
2810:
For most of its modern history, New Mexico existed on the periphery of the viceroyalty of
1739:
8:
11012:
10754:
10549:
10529:
9891:
9871:
9861:
9851:
9778:
9512:
9482:
9472:
9462:
9342:
9236:
8835:
8828:
8806:
8784:
8779:
8667:
8588:
8407:
8344:
8314:
8266:
8256:
8209:
8185:
8139:
8134:
7982:
7852:
7810:
7741:
7726:
7721:
7617:
6033:
6028:
5007:
4972:
4957:
4850:
4829:
4642:
4029:
3987:
3945:
3835:
3806:
3203:
3175:
3163:. Confederate power in the New Mexico Territory was effectively broken in 1862 after the
3152:
2998:
2773:
2761:
2749:
2443:
2421:
2331:
2176:
2116:
2101:
2091:
2081:
1852:
1004:
966:
837:
787:
236:
35:
6608:
Phillip Gonzales and Ann Massmann, "Loyalty Questioned: Neomexicanos in the Great War."
4033:
11018:
10882:
10845:
10689:
10504:
10499:
10411:
10380:
10370:
10294:
10284:
10274:
9937:
9927:
9917:
9886:
9856:
9816:
9535:
9502:
9492:
9467:
9376:
9315:
9300:
9285:
8754:
8724:
8652:
8630:
8598:
8576:
8531:
8526:
8521:
8508:
8469:
8459:
8454:
8417:
8392:
8319:
8261:
8224:
8173:
8168:
8040:
8033:
8018:
8001:
7977:
7956:
7941:
7931:
7916:
7896:
7874:
7820:
7751:
7716:
7302:
7111:
6872:
6810:
6783:
6321:
6276:
5891:
5849:
5560:
5521:
5427:
5412:
5169:
4911:
4736:
4617:
4612:
4543:
4375:
4355:
4141:
4096:
3831:, Spain, one of whom is Manuel Tenorio, a Catholic from a New Mexican Hispano family.
3305:
The following family names are listed in the New Mexico Office of the State Historian,
3290:
3266:
3222:
3156:
3136:
3116:
3090:
3070:
3038:
3002:
2788:
2727:
2156:
2131:
2086:
1704:
1580:
1479:
1133:
1128:
933:
757:
732:
622:
574:
514:
494:
260:
10305:
11209:
10945:
10441:
10436:
10340:
10289:
10212:
9932:
9912:
9866:
9740:
9593:
9477:
9419:
9352:
8811:
8796:
8789:
8759:
8719:
8694:
8677:
8635:
8603:
8593:
8566:
8561:
8556:
8551:
8546:
8496:
8491:
8484:
8474:
8412:
8397:
8339:
8334:
8302:
8271:
8234:
8219:
8202:
8161:
8129:
8107:
8080:
8028:
7926:
7921:
7911:
7869:
7857:
7746:
7696:
7357:
7347:
7328:
7309:
7207:
6933:
6815:
6721:
6442:
6408:
6374:
6325:
6313:
6261:
6251:
6086:
6062:
6038:
5953:
5272:
5101:
5096:
4798:
4751:
4731:
4596:
4365:
4308:
4282:
4082:
3816:
3813:(38.5%) were found to carry the Cohanim marker according to claims in media reports.
3254:
3214:
3019:
2804:
2796:
2719:
2356:
2171:
2136:
2096:
1774:
1767:
707:
667:
662:
462:
387:
379:
264:
10674:
9209:
9023:
7369:
6640:"El uso de vosotros como símbolo de identidad en La Bandera Americana, Nuevo México"
5641:
5587:
3198:
numerous Hispanos ranchers, horsemen, and farmers to fight for the U.S. in both the
2411:
971:
304:
11168:
10779:
10769:
10759:
10749:
10636:
10494:
10466:
10360:
10279:
9922:
9695:
9429:
9424:
9414:
9394:
9073:
8951:
8871:
8801:
8774:
8744:
8657:
8640:
8618:
8536:
8447:
8442:
8432:
8368:
8276:
8249:
8239:
8214:
8180:
8112:
8097:
8092:
8087:
8075:
8023:
8013:
8006:
7987:
7963:
7936:
7842:
7575:
6805:
6795:
6305:
6023:
5867:
5855:
5831:
5769:
5757:
5516:
5511:
5463:
5339:
5212:
5063:
4916:
4840:
4761:
4252:
4227:
4212:
4070:
3242:
3190:
2884:-Hispanic descent native to the American Southwest." Since the spread of the terms
2820:
2777:
2624:
2401:
2396:
2246:
1585:
1411:
1352:
1219:
1191:
1080:
921:
832:
692:
470:
403:
248:
219:
197:
175:
153:
131:
6969:
6491:"Indian Slavery Once Thrived in New Mexico. Latinos Are Finding Family Ties to It"
6476:, "Genizaros, In Recognition," 2007 New Mexico State Legislature, Regular Session.
6464:, "Genizaros, In Recognition," 2007 New Mexico State Legislature, Regular Session.
5751:
5691:
2925:
10596:
10456:
10416:
10406:
9773:
9389:
9337:
8978:
8941:
8896:
8823:
8672:
8662:
8625:
8608:
8581:
8516:
8437:
8422:
8402:
8324:
8307:
8288:
8244:
8154:
8144:
8117:
8102:
8058:
7627:
7089:
6954:
6800:
6436:
6155:
6138:
5861:
5846:(1852–1906), Sheep rancher, politician and banker in the Territory of New Mexico.
5837:
5775:
5736:(1828–1867), New Mexican military leader, county sheriff, rancher and politician.
5685:
5663:
5629:
5625:
5217:
4756:
4668:
4434:
3820:
3270:
3168:
3110:
3062:
2978:
2824:
2753:
2416:
2111:
1357:
1335:
1254:
1042:
976:
876:
682:
632:
617:
280:
276:
10181:
9643:
6781:
6750:"Familias de Nuevo México descubren que sus antepasados eran esclavos indígenas"
6362:
6360:
3969:
3018:
state, in order to have more local control over its affairs. In 1836, after the
10825:
10699:
10684:
9570:
9231:
9184:
9048:
9043:
9008:
8993:
8571:
8387:
8354:
7832:
7827:
7156:
5908:(1881–1965), Woman's suffragist, educator, and politician in the United States
5888:, American lawyer and politician who is the United States ambassador to Mexico.
5805:
5739:
5715:
5058:
4977:
4721:
4601:
4330:
3894:
3879:
3824:
3771:
3282:
2939:
2844:, comprised nearly one-third of the entire population of New Mexico. After the
2376:
1656:
1532:
1454:
1157:
1138:
569:
395:
391:
335:
324:
256:
3026:
sent an expedition to occupy the area, but it was captured by Mexican troops.
3005:. After the revolt, the Spanish issued substantial land grants to each Pueblo
2989:
At the time of Vargas's arrival, New Mexico was under the jurisdiction of the
11188:
10910:
10835:
10815:
10719:
10694:
9276:
9147:
9095:
9083:
9078:
9068:
9058:
9053:
8973:
8946:
8936:
8931:
8926:
8479:
7602:
7361:
7211:
6357:
6317:
6265:
5635:
5605:
5070:
3957:
3846:
3274:
3121:
3098:
3034:
2974:
2973:
successfully rose against the Spanish colonizers in what became known as the
2947:
2498:
2406:
2366:
1732:
1469:
1444:
981:
328:
300:
296:
10840:
10794:
10784:
10709:
10704:
9256:
9132:
8916:
6819:
6782:
I. King Jordan; Lavanya Rishishwar; Andrew B. Conley (September 23, 2019).
5879:
5697:
5590:(died 8 August 1837) governor of Santa Fe de Nuevo México from 1832 to 1833
4014:
3106:
2830:
New Mexicans of all ethnicities were commonly enslaved by the Comanche and
2735:
2715:
2676:
1651:
1623:
1542:
1474:
1295:
1240:
1205:
1090:
1070:
1065:
1047:
1037:
911:
712:
292:
6309:
6248:
The healing power of the Santuario de Chimayó: America's miraculous church
6072:
3735:
10714:
10641:
10590:
10247:
9718:
9251:
9172:
9152:
9038:
8911:
8816:
6896:
5967:
5885:
5843:
5745:
4335:
3842:
3049:
2815:
2731:
2707:
1646:
1522:
1459:
1032:
870:
7024:
6689:
6682:
5971:
5876:(1898—2000) weaver, head of New Mexico's largest Hispanic weaving family
10998:
10489:
10232:
10227:
9735:
9214:
9157:
8988:
5996:
5986:
5647:
4042:
3810:
3755:
3160:
3056:
allies against the occupation. In two short campaigns, U.S. troops and
2970:
2757:
2644:
2483:
2473:
1907:
827:
727:
584:
442:
363:
355:
125:
9261:
9013:
6620:
6618:
6604:
6602:
6587:
6569:
6179:"For New Mexico Families, Connecting the Dots of an Ancestral Disease"
3870:
A corner in the Spanish Room, Indian Building, Albuquerque, New Mexico
3315:, and Beyond Origins of New Mexico Families by José Antonio Esquibel.
10799:
10774:
9788:
9588:
9565:
9540:
9266:
9162:
9018:
8968:
8886:
7233:"Conservative and Hispanic, Linda Chavez Carves Out Leadership Niche"
7045:
Language loyalties: a source book on the official English controversy
5688:(1910–1996), Friar Minor, priest, historian, author, poet and painter
4078:
4066:
4054:
4009:
3883:
3086:
2835:
2811:
2503:
2438:
1288:
1095:
426:
252:
10570:
10474:
8998:
6366:
702:
10830:
10729:
10385:
9545:
9199:
9189:
9117:
9090:
9003:
8983:
8921:
8901:
8881:
8876:
6615:
6599:
6373:. House document. U.S. Government Printing Office. pp. 30–55.
6367:
Wasniewski, M.A.; Kowalewski, A.; O'Hara, L.T.; Rucker, T. (2014).
6296:
Bennett, John Z. (1970). "House Made of Dawn by N. Scott Momaday".
6118:
6059:
To The End of The Earth: A History of the Crypto-Jews of New Mexico
5991:
5895:
4038:
3850:
3751:
3234:
2951:
2886:
2652:
2636:
2448:
1902:
1575:
1464:
1075:
504:
438:
383:
369:
147:
7000:
6557:
Chicano: The History of the Mexican American Civil Rights Movement
5694:(1888–1962), Democratic U.S. Senator from the State of New Mexico.
986:
10789:
10375:
10365:
10355:
10336:
9757:
9745:
9624:
Race and ethnicity in the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
9357:
9271:
9246:
9194:
9179:
9063:
8891:
8861:
7580:
5975:
5397:
3875:
3828:
3183:
3066:
3057:
3048:, the United States Army occupied the province, which caused the
3023:
2800:
2711:
2660:
2478:
1009:
509:
499:
458:
359:
169:
10764:
6670:
1537:
11091:
10653:
10390:
10252:
9550:
9142:
9127:
9122:
9110:
9105:
9033:
8963:
8866:
8645:
7012:
6976:
6911:"DNA Clears the Fog Over Latino Links to Judaism in New Mexico"
6892:
5796:(1631–?), Spanish soldier and member of the Novomexicana elite.
3909:
3777:
3747:
3743:
3739:
3731:
3105:. Hoping to scare off the new immigrants, they eventually used
3102:
3053:
2943:
2831:
2664:
2510:
1917:
519:
434:
430:
68:
Hispano musicians at a wedding at San Jose, New Mexico, ca.1898
6988:
5882:, former Congressman for Colorado's 3rd congressional district
34:"Spanish in New Mexico" redirects here. For the language, see
9241:
9224:
9204:
9137:
9100:
9028:
8958:
7346:(1st ed.). Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.
7258:"American Identity: Dolores Huerta traces her family history"
6114:"The Oñate-Moctezuma-Zaldívar Families of Northern New Spain"
6078:
5899:
3887:
2856:
In New Mexico, the predominant term for this ethnic group is
2839:
2781:
2668:
2336:
2296:
802:
213:
4057:, and partial merging of the second and third conjugations.
323:
Christianity (traditionally Pueblo Christianity, practicing
10514:
9555:
8906:
6861:"Mistaken Identity? The Case of New Mexico's "Hidden Jews""
6167:
https://www.caminorealheritage.org/articles/0905_names1.pdf
5894:(18th century), prominent military man and the governor of
5638:- (ca. 1793 – 1853), Three times as governor of New Mexico.
3787:
2672:
812:
191:
7325:
A Dictionary of New Mexico & Southern Colorado Spanish
7141:. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. p. 23.
6079:
Gutiérrez, R.A.; Padilla, G.M.; Herrera-Sobek, M. (1993).
3919:
style, named after the river, was heavily inspired by the
3189:
In January 1912, New Mexico became an American state, and
3073:
Texas gave up its claim to the other areas of New Mexico.
7063:
Progress in Language Planning: International Perspectives
3052:, a popular insurrection in January 1847 by Hispanos and
2977:. When the Spanish returned to the province in 1692, Don
2969:
In 1680, the Native American groups that lived along the
5834:(1844–1904), delegate from the Territory of New Mexico.
5700:, father's family came to New Mexico from Spain in 1601.
5666:(1847–1920), Helped write Colorado's State Constitution.
10335:
9620:
Births of U.S. states and territories by race/ethnicity
7145:
5614:, State Senator. In 1883 introduced the bill to create
2734:
groups, whereas New Mexicans are more often related to
7327:(2nd ed.). Santa Fe: Museum of New Mexico Press.
7304:
Dictionary of New Mexico and Southern Colorado Spanish
7283:'I'm From Here': Not All Hispanics Are Recent Arrivals
7200:"New Mexico Voter Surveys: How Different Groups Voted"
5644:(c. 1767 – 1834), Governor of Santa Fe de Nuevo México
7399:
6707:
6484:
6482:
5808:(1915–1978), Democratic U.S. Senator from New Mexico.
5748:, multi-platinum selling recording artist and actress
5682:(the little lion), was a soldier in the Mexican Army.
5929:
5712:(1768-1838), Governor of Mexican New Mexico in 1822.
4020:
In 1995, the state adopted a State Bilingual Song, "
3069:, which was formerly in New Mexico. However, in the
5920:(1946– ), Bilingual education advocate and educator
3065:. As a result, Texas gained control of the City of
11200:Hispanic and Latino American culture in New Mexico
7344:Chimayó weaving: the transformation of a tradition
7301:
7060:
6899:) in Contemporary Mexico (PDF). Hebrew University.
6479:
6394:
5760:, Former US Congressman, Secretary of the Interior
2739:indigenous peoples of the North American Southwest
2639:residents originating in the historical region of
11205:People of the colonial Southwest of North America
10211:
9673:
6891:Halevy, Schulamith C. (2009). Descendants of the
6859:Nathan, Barbara Ferry, Debbie (1 December 2000).
6559:(Houston, Texas: Arte Publico Press, 1997) p. 7-9
5784:(1843–1904), American businessman and politician.
5742:, labor union organizer and civil rights activist
3097:was built in the 1890s, speculators known as the
3085:and Hispanos by different means, most notably by
11186:
11156:List of Mexican-American political organizations
7308:(1st ed.). University of New Mexico Press.
7104:Los Olvidados: On the Making of Invisible People
6930:The Maternal Genetic Lineages of Ashkenazic Jews
6826:
3001:it was included only in the jurisdiction of the
7341:
7161:. New Mexico Secretary of State. Archived from
7030:
7018:
7006:
6994:
6982:
6970:"Sephardic Jews in Central and Northern Poland"
6676:
6637:
6593:
5778:, American politician who served in New Mexico.
3961:A Chimayó loom in the process of weaving a rug.
6967:
6952:
6717:MALDONADO JOURNEY to the KINGDOM of NEW MEXICO
6082:Recovering the U.S. Hispanic Literary Heritage
3834:New Mexican Hispanos have been found to share
10321:
10197:
9659:
7385:
7342:Lucero, Helen R.; Baizerman, Suzanne (1999).
7061:Cobarrubias, Juan; Fishman, Joshua A (1983).
7056:
7054:
6777:
6775:
6270:the Pueblo and Nuevomexicano Catholic origins
5568:
4047:
3949:
3939:
3933:
3927:
3920:
3914:
3903:
3886:. Hispanic weaving's Spanish roots also bear
2874:
2866:
2858:
2596:
2037:
6877:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
5596:(1627–1666?) Spanish official in New Mexico.
3938:, after the villages where it originated. A
3874:New Mexico's Hispanos have developed a rich
3273:, and along river valleys statewide such as
2997:. However, in 1777 with the creation of the
2938:Oñate also conquered the territories of the
2799:(with a small minority identifying with the
11174:Category:American people of Mexican descent
7139:Our New Mexico: A Twentieth Century History
6832:
6638:Gubitosi, Patricia; Lifszyc, Irina (2020).
6245:
6185:
3076:
2764:through pride for cities and towns such as
29:Hispanic and Latino Americans in New Mexico
10328:
10314:
10204:
10190:
9666:
9652:
7392:
7378:
7281:Jessica Montoya Coggins (April 11, 2014).
7051:
7047:. University of Chicago Press. p. 62.
6835:"Study estimates 24,000 Jews living in NM"
6772:
6741:
6434:
6347:
6345:
6343:
6341:
6339:
6281:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
5602:(1792–1866) Governor of New Mexico in 1846
5575:
5561:
2603:
2589:
2044:
2030:
62:
7230:
6809:
6799:
6713:
6370:Hispanic Americans in Congress, 1822-2012
5982:Cuisine of the Southwestern United States
3174:After the Civil War, Congress passed the
7082:Constitution of the State of New Mexico.
7076:
7074:
7072:
7042:
6833:Uyttebrouck, Olivier (October 1, 2013).
6694:New Mexico Office of the State Historian
6628:, Fall 1986, Vol. 61 Issue 4, pp 281–299
6523:Norman: U of OK Press, 1992, pp. 96, 111
4503:Dominican Americans (Dominican Republic)
4075:2020 United States presidential election
3996:Spanish language in New Mexico by county
3991:
3968:
3956:
3893:
3865:
3823:'s founder, whose recent ancestors were
2577:Hispanic and Latino Americans portal
1405:Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza
11126:U.S. communities with Hispanic majority
10510:Mission Cultural Center for Latino Arts
9589:People of the United States / Americans
7838:Southeast Africans in the United States
7796:African immigrants to the United States
7180:
7136:
6932:. Academic Studies Press. p. 144.
6612:, Nov 2006, Vol. 75 Issue 4, pp 629–666
6336:
6295:
6191:
6012:List of Mexican governors of New Mexico
6007:List of Spanish governors of New Mexico
4085:heritage and 70% of Spanish-Americans.
3300:
3095:Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway
2772:. Further cultural expression includes
1619:Mission Cultural Center for Latino Arts
14:
11187:
7865:Southern Africans in the United States
7707:Afro-Caribbean / West Indian Americans
7231:Hernandez, MacArena (19 August 1998).
6858:
6747:
6488:
6400:
6212:
3981:
3725:
255:, Indigenous languages of New Mexico (
11141:List of Hispanic and Latino Americans
10309:
10185:
9647:
7801:Central Africans in the United States
7373:
7323:Cobos, Rubén (2003). "Introduction".
7322:
7299:
7186:
7069:
6927:
6908:
6760:from the original on 13 February 2023
6501:from the original on January 28, 2023
6351:
6061:. Columbia University Press. p. 376.
3120:a term owing its origin to the white
3012:
2919:
2454:Indigenous languages of Latin America
11151:List of Mexican-American communities
10576:1985–1987 Watsonville Cannery strike
10166:
7772:Trinidadian and Tobagonian Americans
6720:. Trafford Publishing. p. 531.
6667:Summer 2001, Vol. 20 Issue 4, p59-84
6562:
5940:Hispanic and Latino Americans portal
1386:UCLA Chicano Studies Research Center
352:Other Hispanos of the United States:
111:Significant New Mexican Hispanos in:
91:Regions with significant populations
10953:DHS v. Regents of the Univ. of Cal.
10897:Espinoza v. Farah Manufacturing Co.
8841:White Hispanic and Latino Americans
8064:Asian Hispanic and Latino Americans
7997:North Africans in the United States
7784:Black Hispanic and Latino Americans
6665:Journal of American Ethnic History,
6218:
5962:Hispanics and Latinos in New Mexico
2526:White Hispanic and Latino Americans
2521:Black Hispanic and Latino Americans
2516:Asian Hispanic and Latino Americans
1782:DHS v. Regents of the Univ. of Cal.
1719:Espinoza v. Farah Manufacturing Co.
24:
11215:People of Santa Fe de Nuevo Mexico
7892:West Africans in the United States
7767:Stateside Virgin Islands Americans
6544:Texas State Historical Association
6489:Romero, Simon (January 28, 2018).
4022:New Mexico – Mi Lindo Nuevo México
3786:, in 2015 there were about 24,000
1248:The Revolt of the Cockroach People
25:
11226:
10141:
9436:Americans of Euro Oceanic origin
8770:Nordic and Scandinavian Americans
7401:Demographics of the United States
7106:. Vol. 70. pp. 965–990.
7101:
7065:. Walter de Gruyter. p. 195.
6748:Romero, Simon (1 February 2018).
4088:
3765:
2282:Congressional Hispanic Conference
41:Ethnic group native to New Mexico
10745:Mexican-American women's fashion
10165:
10156:
10155:
10113:Stereotypes in the United States
9614:Race and ethnicity in the census
7702:African diaspora in the Americas
6909:Kelly, David (5 December 2004).
5946:
5932:
5822:Miguel Antonio Otero (born 1859)
5812:Miguel Antonio Otero (born 1829)
5766:, current Governor of New Mexico
5544:
5543:
2570:
2546:Communities with Latino majority
2001:
469:
206:
184:
162:
140:
118:
10890:San Antonio I.S.D. v. Rodriguez
7712:Antiguan and Barbudan Americans
7292:
7275:
7250:
7224:
7192:
7130:
7095:
7036:
6961:
6946:
6921:
6902:
6885:
6852:
6657:
6631:
6549:
6526:
6513:
6467:
6455:
6428:
6289:
6239:
6192:Álvarez, Jorge (May 30, 2022).
5914:(1917–1975), Bilingual educator
3944:style, named after the town of
3186:, to supplement their income.
3159:and to open up access to Union
2679:groups and the settlers of the
1712:San Antonio I.S.D. v. Rodriguez
638:California agricultural strikes
7757:Kittian and Nevisian Americans
7732:Dominican Americans (Dominica)
7158:New Mexico Blue Book 2007–2008
6171:
6160:
6143:
6126:
6106:
6051:
5728:Aurelio Macedonio Espinosa Jr.
5722:Aurelio Macedonio Espinosa Sr.
4498:Dominican Americans (Dominica)
3841:segments with Ashkenazi Jews,
3308:Origins of New Mexico Families
3295:Aurelio Macedonio Espinosa Sr.
3257:, in mountain ranges like the
2991:Royal Audiencia of Guadalajara
1213:From This Wicked Patch of Dust
309:Indigenous languages of Mexico
13:
1:
10555:Occupation of Catalina Island
10530:Farm workers' rights campaign
10123:In the United States Congress
9675:Hispanic and Latino Americans
9293:Hispanic and Latino Americans
7031:Lucero & Baizerman (1999)
7019:Lucero & Baizerman (1999)
7007:Lucero & Baizerman (1999)
6995:Lucero & Baizerman (1999)
6983:Lucero & Baizerman (1999)
6677:Lucero & Baizerman (1999)
6594:Lucero & Baizerman (1999)
6044:
3228:
3155:in an attempt to control the
2693:Centralist Republic of Mexico
2277:Congressional Hispanic Caucus
1269:...y no se lo tragó la tierra
808:Occupation of Catalina Island
100:
80:
9363:Indigenous Mexican Americans
6801:10.1371/journal.pgen.1008225
6626:New Mexico Historical Review
5814:, Spanish politician of the
5782:Francisco Antonio Manzanares
5618:from the western portion of
5608:(1937–2020) American author.
5600:Juan Bautista Vigil y Alarid
3973:Chimayo rugs for sale (2016)
2960:Bernardo López de Mendizábal
2272:Association of Hispanic Arts
1925:Indigenous Mexican Americans
1629:Self Help Graphics & Art
269:Keresan Pueblo Sign Language
7:
9604:Maps of American ancestries
9400:French Polynesian Americans
7737:Dutch West Indian Americans
7137:Roberts, Calvin A. (2006).
6955:"Sephardic Jews in Belarus"
6534:"Texan Santa Fe Expedition"
6298:Western American Literature
6246:Hendrickson, Brett (2017).
6057:Hordes, Stanley M. (2005).
5925:
5800:Bernardo de Miera y Pacheco
4060:
3720:
2827:, enemies of the Comanche.
2317:National Hispanic Institute
2312:National Council of La Raza
1227:The Dirty Girls Social Club
600:Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
400:Indigenous Mexican American
10:
11231:
9385:Pacific Islander Americans
6928:Brook, Kevin Alan (2022).
6570:"MOLLUS Articles - art015"
6435:Hämäläinen, Pekka (2008).
5423:Trinidadian and Tobagonian
3985:
3861:
3856:
3775:
3769:
2931:San Juan de los Caballeros
2912:
2908:
2675:. They are descended from
2657:Southwestern United States
1426:This Bridge Called My Back
1172:Who Would Have Thought It?
421:Southwestern United States
33:
26:
11164:
11108:
10962:
10864:
10808:
10740:Mexican-American folklore
10662:
10563:
10520:Plan Espiritual de Aztlán
10465:
10399:
10348:
10220:
10136:
10105:
10000:
9974:
9948:
9905:
9844:
9799:
9766:
9711:
9681:
9584:
9576:Punjabi Mexican Americans
9526:
9455:
9375:
8849:
8700:Liechtensteiner Americans
8507:
8051:
7689:
7678:
7546:
7416:
7407:
7092:Adopted January 21, 1911.
7033:, pp. xi–xii, 71–85.
6610:Pacific Historical Review
6546:. Retrieved May 29, 2011.
6474:Senate Memorial 59 (SM59)
6441:. Yale University Press.
5802:(1713–1785), cartographer
5794:Juan Domínguez de Mendoza
5658:Baca family of New Mexico
4045:, Mexican-Spanish words (
3799:San Felipe de Neri Church
3133:Trans-Mississippi Theater
2655:, and other parts of the
1930:Punjabi Mexican Americans
1662:Great Wall of Los Angeles
1234:The House on Mango Street
1086:Mexican-American folklore
818:Plan Espiritual de Aztlán
643:Cantaloupe strike of 1928
350:
345:
319:
314:
231:
226:
204:
182:
160:
138:
116:
109:
95:
90:
78:
73:
61:
52:
10735:Mexican-American cuisine
9599:Native American ancestry
8374:Hungarian Slovak Gypsies
8230:Indo-Caribbean Americans
7952:Sierra Leonean Americans
7902:Bissau-Guinean Americans
7848:South Sudanese Americans
7285:. Published on NBC News.
7246:– via NYTimes.com.
6539:Handbook of Texas Online
6462:House Memorial 40 (HM40)
6407:. OUP USA. p. 123.
6221:"Algo de México en EEUU"
6154:October 6, 2007, at the
6002:Santa Fe de Nuevo México
3151:and waged the ambitious
3077:United States governance
2995:Viceroyalty of New Spain
2681:Viceroyalty of New Spain
2643:, today the US state of
2641:Santa Fe de Nuevo México
2252:Latino American politics
2008:United States portal
1419:The Church in the Barrio
1279:Poetry and Short Stories
1015:Mexican-American cuisine
856:1985–1987 cannery strike
53:
10925:Flores-Figueroa v. U.S.
10821:Coyolxauhqui imperative
9561:Louisiana Creole people
8710:Luxembourgish Americans
7880:South African Americans
7816:Equatoguinean Americans
7043:Crawford, John (1992).
6596:, pp. x–xi, 27–31.
6304:(1). Project Muse: 69.
6137:April 30, 2008, at the
5874:Agueda Salazar Martínez
5710:Francisco Xavier Chávez
5678:(1818?–1889), known as
5654:Ezequiel Cabeza De Baca
4041:languages of the upper
3750:, but may also include
3165:Battle of Glorieta Pass
2958:In the 1650s, Governor
2851:
2722:that arrived after the
2162:Stateside Puerto Ricans
1747:Flores-Figueroa v. U.S.
1591:Royal Chicano Air Force
1450:Coyolxauhqui imperative
1262:Under the Feet of Jesus
10904:U.S. v. Brignoni-Ponce
10670:Anti-Mexican sentiment
10632:Killing of Adam Toledo
10615:Great American Boycott
10485:Centro de Arte Público
9348:Puerto Rican Americans
7907:Cape Verdean Americans
7762:Saint Lucian Americans
7538:Ethnocultural politics
7506:Racial achievement gap
7436:Educational attainment
6714:Maldonado, G. (2014).
6521:The Last Conquistador,
5918:María Dolores Gonzales
5912:María Dolores Gonzáles
5764:Michelle Lujan Grisham
4048:
3997:
3974:
3962:
3950:
3940:
3934:
3928:
3921:
3915:
3904:
3899:
3871:
2962:, and his subordinate
2875:
2867:
2859:
2628:
2617:Hispanos of New Mexico
2075:National origin groups
1726:U.S. v. Brignoni-Ponce
1609:Centro de Arte Público
1571:East Los Streetscapers
1310:Pensamiento Serpentino
900:Great American Boycott
778:Las Adelitas de Aztlán
748:Conferencia de Mujeres
536:Anti-Mexican sentiment
48:Hispanos of New Mexico
10939:Mendez v. Westminster
10876:Botiller v. Dominguez
10856:Youth control complex
10725:Estrada Courts murals
10586:2019 El Paso shooting
10564:Post-Chicano Movement
10525:Plan de Santa Bárbara
10480:Católicos por La Raza
10222:Region of settlement
9445:New Zealand Americans
9410:Micronesian Americans
9405:Marshallese Americans
9306:Costa Rican Americans
8765:Sammarinese Americans
8735:Montenegrin Americans
8465:Azerbaijani Americans
8428:Palestinian Americans
8350:Singaporean Americans
8198:Bangladeshi Americans
7806:Cameroonian Americans
7528:Unemployment by state
7300:Cobos, Rubén (1983).
6310:10.1353/wal.1970.0051
6019:History of New Mexico
5788:Antonio José Martínez
5676:Manuel Antonio Chaves
5670:José Francisco Chaves
4157:Antiguan and Barbudan
4130:African-American Jews
3995:
3972:
3960:
3897:
3891:forebears practices.
3869:
3379:Cedillo Rico de Rojas
3131:played a role in the
2915:History of New Mexico
2432:United States Spanish
2200:Americans by ancestry
2107:Costa Rican Americans
1804:Madrigal v. Quilligan
1761:Mendez v. Westminster
1698:Botiller v. Dominguez
1490:Youth control complex
866:2019 El Paso shooting
823:Plan de Santa Bárbara
718:Católicos por La Raza
648:Citrus Strike of 1936
590:San Elizario Salt War
561:Early-American Period
346:Related ethnic groups
10932:Leal Garcia v. Texas
10627:Justice for Janitors
10545:Los Siete de la Raza
10540:Colegio César Chávez
10432:Mexican Repatriation
10400:Pre-Chicano Movement
9724:Creoles of Louisiana
9518:Venezuelan Americans
9508:Surinamese Americans
9498:Paraguayan Americans
9488:Ecuadorian Americans
9440:Australian Americans
9331:Salvadoran Americans
9326:Panamanian Americans
9321:Nicaraguan Americans
9311:Guatemalan Americans
8750:Portuguese Americans
8715:Macedonian Americans
8705:Lithuanian Americans
8542:Belarusian Americans
8360:Vietnamese Americans
8330:Indonesian Americans
8284:Sri Lankan Americans
8150:Fuzhounese Americans
7947:Senegalese Americans
7885:Zimbabwean Americans
7777:Vincentian Americans
7168:on November 29, 2008
6532:Carroll, H. Bailey.
5906:Adelina Otero-Warren
5826:New Mexico Territory
5816:New Mexico Territory
5734:José Manuel Gallegos
5612:Antonio D. Archuleta
4866:Kittian and Nevisian
3836:identical by descent
3795:Old Town Albuquerque
3391:Domínguez de Mendoza
3313:Fray Angélico Chávez
3301:New Mexican families
3217:and the founding of
3200:Spanish–American War
3129:New Mexico Territory
3046:Mexican–American War
2993:and belonged to the
2846:Mexican–American War
2724:Mexican–American War
2697:New Mexico Territory
2685:First Mexican Empire
2217:Isleños of Louisiana
2182:Venezuelan Americans
2167:Salvadoran Americans
2152:Paraguayan Americans
2147:Panamanian Americans
2142:Nicaraguan Americans
2127:Guatemalan Americans
2122:Ecuadorian Americans
1754:Leal Garcia v. Texas
1376:MAS Programs, Tucson
1165:Living Up the Street
917:Justice for Janitors
783:Los Siete de la Raza
738:Colegio César Chávez
658:Mexican Repatriation
609:Pre-Chicano Movement
580:Mexican–American War
273:Mescalero-Chiricahua
10755:New Mexican cuisine
10581:1992 Drywall Strike
10550:Los Seis de Boulder
10535:Land grant struggle
10452:Sleepy Lagoon trial
10128:Women in journalism
9691:Hispanic and Latino
9513:Uruguayan Americans
9483:Colombian Americans
9473:Brazilian Americans
9463:Argentine Americans
9343:Dominican Americans
9237:Alaskan Athabaskans
8836:Non-Hispanic whites
8829:Ukrainian Americans
8807:Slovenian Americans
8785:Norwegian Americans
8780:Icelandic Americans
8668:Hungarian Americans
8614:Dagestani Americans
8589:Bulgarian Americans
8408:Jordanian Americans
8345:Malaysian Americans
8315:Cambodian Americans
8267:Pakistani Americans
8257:Maldivian Americans
8210:Bhutanese Americans
8186:Mongolian Americans
8140:Taiwanese Americans
8135:Hong Kong Americans
7983:Ethiopian Americans
7853:Tanzanian Americans
7811:Congolese Americans
7742:Grenadian Americans
7727:Bermudian Americans
7722:Barbadian Americans
7456:Housing segregation
7410:Demographic history
7009:, pp. 176–178.
6968:Brook, Kevin Alan.
6953:Brook, Kevin Alan.
6839:Albuquerque Journal
6555:Rosales, F. Arturo
6438:The Comanche Empire
6401:Castro, R. (2001).
6034:New Mexican Spanish
6029:New Mexican cuisine
4030:Northern New Mexico
3988:New Mexican Spanish
3982:New Mexican Spanish
3760:Indigenous Mexicans
3726:Amerindian ancestry
3176:Peonage Act of 1867
3153:New Mexico campaign
2999:Provincias Internas
2774:New Mexican cuisine
2750:Neomexicano Spanish
2746:New Mexican English
2744:Neomexicanos speak
2240:Political movements
2177:Uruguayan Americans
2117:Dominican Americans
2102:Colombian Americans
2092:Brazilian Americans
2082:Argentine Americans
2059:Part of a series on
1793:Federal Court cases
1687:Supreme Court cases
1005:New Mexican cuisine
967:Abrazos, no balazos
888:Chicano Art Exhibit
861:1992 Drywall Strike
847:Post-Chicano Period
838:United Farm Workers
788:Los Seis de Boulder
773:Land grant struggle
763:Hijas de Cuauhtémoc
678:Sleepy Lagoon trial
453:Part of a series on
49:
36:New Mexican Spanish
10963:By city and region
10883:Hernandez v. Texas
10846:Spiritual activism
10690:Chicano literature
10505:Chicano Moratorium
10412:Bisbee Deportation
9503:Peruvian Americans
9493:Guyanese Americans
9468:Bolivian Americans
9390:Chamorro Americans
9316:Honduran Americans
9301:Belizean Americans
9286:Canadian Americans
8755:Romanian Americans
8725:Moldovan Americans
8653:Galician Americans
8631:Estonian Americans
8599:Croatian Americans
8577:Scottish Americans
8532:Austrian Americans
8527:Asturian Americans
8522:Albanian Americans
8470:Georgian Americans
8460:Assyrian Americans
8455:Armenian Americans
8418:Lebanese Americans
8393:Bahraini Americans
8320:Filipino Americans
8262:Nepalese Americans
8225:Gujarati Americans
8174:Ryukyuan Americans
8169:Japanese Americans
8041:Sudanese Americans
8034:Tunisian Americans
8019:Algerian Americans
8002:Egyptian Americans
7978:Eritrean Americans
7957:Togolese Americans
7942:Nigerian Americans
7932:Liberian Americans
7917:Ghanaian Americans
7897:Beninese Americans
7875:Malawian Americans
7821:Gabonese Americans
7752:Jamaican Americans
7717:Bahamian Americans
7623:Moorish Scientists
7523:Standard of living
7237:The New York Times
7204:The New York Times
7088:2014-01-02 at the
6754:The New York Times
6495:The New York Times
6225:Periodico El Vigia
6181:. 10 October 2017.
5892:Manuel de Sandoval
5850:Juan Bautista Rael
5594:Nicolás de Aguilar
4097:Lists of Americans
3998:
3975:
3963:
3900:
3872:
3784:Kupersmit Research
3538:Moreno de Trujillo
3466:López del Castillo
3291:Juan Bautista Rael
3223:Bataan Death March
3157:American Southwest
3137:American Civil War
3117:Las Gorras Blancas
3091:1862 Homestead Act
3071:Compromise of 1850
3039:Mexican California
3013:Mexican governance
3003:Commandant-General
2964:Nicolás de Aguilar
2920:Spanish governance
2728:Mexican Revolution
2157:Peruvian Americans
2132:Honduran Americans
2087:Bolivian Americans
1829:Population by City
1705:Hernandez v. Texas
1614:Galería de la Raza
1581:Mujeres Muralistas
1480:Spiritual activism
1134:Chicano literature
1129:Chicana literature
934:South Central Farm
758:East L.A. walkouts
733:Chicano Moratorium
623:Bisbee Deportation
575:Las Gorras Blancas
408:Louisiana Criollos
98:
47:
11182:
11181:
11131:Mexican Americans
11079:Dallas–Fort Worth
10946:Bernal v. Fainter
10918:Medellín v. Texas
10447:Porvenir Massacre
10442:Plan de San Diego
10437:Operation Wetback
10303:
10302:
10270:Region of origin
10213:Spanish Americans
10179:
10178:
9840:
9839:
9641:
9640:
9637:
9636:
9594:American ancestry
9478:Chilean Americans
9420:Palauan Americans
9353:Mexican Americans
8812:Spanish Americans
8797:Serbian Americans
8790:Swedish Americans
8760:Russian Americans
8740:Occitan Americans
8730:Monacan Americans
8720:Maltese Americans
8695:Latvian Americans
8690:Kosovan Americans
8678:Italian Americans
8636:Finnish Americans
8604:Cypriot Americans
8594:Catalan Americans
8567:English Americans
8562:Cornish Americans
8557:British Americans
8552:Bosnian Americans
8547:Belgian Americans
8497:Turkish Americans
8492:Kurdish Americans
8485:Israeli Americans
8475:Iranian Americans
8413:Kuwaiti Americans
8398:Emirati Americans
8340:Laotian Americans
8335:Iu Mien Americans
8303:Burmese Americans
8272:Punjabi Americans
8235:Punjabi Americans
8220:Bengali Americans
8203:Bengali Americans
8162:Tibetan Americans
8130:Chinese Americans
8108:Turkmen Americans
8081:Pashtun Americans
8029:Moroccan American
7927:Ivorian Americans
7922:Guinean Americans
7912:Gambian Americans
7870:Angolan Americans
7858:Ugandan Americans
7747:Haitian Americans
7697:African Americans
7496:Racial inequality
7466:Income inequality
7431:Gender inequality
7353:978-0-8263-1976-0
6939:978-1-64469-984-3
6915:Los Angeles Times
6727:978-1-4907-3952-6
6679:, pp. 97–98.
6448:978-0-300-12654-9
6414:978-0-19-514639-4
6380:978-0-16-092028-8
6257:978-1-4798-7054-7
6219:Lazcano, Carlos.
6092:978-1-55885-251-8
6067:978-0-231-12937-4
6039:Spanish Americans
5954:New Mexico portal
5898:(1729–1733 ) and
5585:
5584:
4592:French Polynesian
4513:Dutch West Indian
4304:Caucasian peoples
4125:African Americans
4043:Rio Grande Valley
4034:Southern Colorado
3817:Bennett Greenspan
3782:According to the
3619:Sandoval Martínez
3580:Pérez de Bustillo
3442:Jaramillo Negrete
3255:Albuquerque Basin
3251:Albuquerque metro
3215:Manhattan Project
3149:Arizona Territory
3020:Republic of Texas
2955:in the Americas.
2805:Spanish Americans
2797:Mexican Americans
2720:Mexican Americans
2613:
2612:
2172:Spanish Americans
2137:Mexican Americans
2097:Chilean Americans
2054:
2053:
1991:
1990:
1973:Mexican Americans
1938:
1937:
1878:Dallas–Fort Worth
1813:
1812:
1775:Perez v. Brownell
1768:Bernal v. Fainter
1740:Medellín v. Texas
1670:
1669:
1600:Art organizations
1498:
1497:
1326:
1325:
1303:Moment of Silence
1104:
1103:
942:
941:
708:Black-brown unity
673:Porvenir Massacre
668:Plan de San Diego
663:Operation Wetback
543:
542:
463:Mexican Americans
448:
447:
412:Louisiana Isleños
388:Spanish Americans
380:Mexican Americans
16:(Redirected from
11222:
11169:Category:Chicano
11099:Salt Lake Valley
10809:Chicana/o Theory
10780:Teatro Campesino
10770:Regional Mexican
10760:New Mexico music
10750:Mexican muralism
10637:Murder of Selena
10500:Chicano Blowouts
10495:Chicana feminism
10467:Chicano Movement
10361:Mexican American
10341:Mexican American
10330:
10323:
10316:
10307:
10306:
10206:
10199:
10192:
10183:
10182:
10169:
10168:
10159:
10158:
10148:
10145:
10097:Washington, D.C.
9975:Religious groups
9800:Central American
9764:
9763:
9668:
9661:
9654:
9645:
9644:
9430:Tongan Americans
9425:Samoan Americans
9415:Native Hawaiians
9395:Fijian Americans
9297:Central America
8857:Native Americans
8802:Slovak Americans
8775:Danish Americans
8745:Polish Americans
8658:German Americans
8641:French Americans
8619:Lezgin Americans
8537:Basque Americans
8480:Jewish Americans
8448:Yemeni Americans
8443:Syrian Americans
8433:Qatari Americans
8369:Romani Americans
8277:Sindhi Americans
8250:Telugu Americans
8240:Sindhi Americans
8215:Indian Americans
8181:Korean Americans
8113:Uyghur Americans
8098:Kyrgyz Americans
8093:Kazakh Americans
8088:Baloch Americans
8076:Afghan Americans
8024:Libyan Americans
8014:Berber Americans
8007:Coptic Americans
7988:Somali Americans
7964:Yoruba Americans
7937:Malian Americans
7843:Kenyan Americans
7687:
7686:
7680:By continent and
7451:Household income
7394:
7387:
7380:
7371:
7370:
7365:
7338:
7319:
7307:
7286:
7279:
7273:
7272:
7270:
7269:
7254:
7248:
7247:
7245:
7243:
7228:
7222:
7221:
7219:
7218:
7196:
7190:
7184:
7178:
7177:
7175:
7173:
7167:
7149:
7143:
7142:
7134:
7128:
7127:
7121:
7117:
7115:
7107:
7099:
7093:
7078:
7067:
7066:
7058:
7049:
7048:
7040:
7034:
7028:
7022:
7021:, pp. x–xi.
7016:
7010:
7004:
6998:
6992:
6986:
6985:, pp. 9–13.
6980:
6974:
6973:
6965:
6959:
6958:
6950:
6944:
6943:
6925:
6919:
6918:
6906:
6900:
6889:
6883:
6882:
6876:
6868:
6856:
6850:
6849:
6847:
6845:
6830:
6824:
6823:
6813:
6803:
6779:
6770:
6769:
6767:
6765:
6745:
6739:
6738:
6736:
6734:
6711:
6705:
6704:
6702:
6700:
6686:
6680:
6674:
6668:
6661:
6655:
6654:
6644:
6635:
6629:
6622:
6613:
6606:
6597:
6591:
6585:
6584:
6582:
6580:
6566:
6560:
6553:
6547:
6530:
6524:
6517:
6511:
6510:
6508:
6506:
6486:
6477:
6471:
6465:
6459:
6453:
6452:
6432:
6426:
6425:
6423:
6421:
6398:
6392:
6391:
6389:
6387:
6364:
6355:
6349:
6334:
6333:
6293:
6287:
6286:
6280:
6272:
6243:
6237:
6236:
6234:
6232:
6216:
6210:
6209:
6207:
6205:
6198:La Brújula Verde
6189:
6183:
6182:
6175:
6169:
6164:
6158:
6147:
6141:
6130:
6124:
6123:
6110:
6104:
6103:
6101:
6099:
6076:
6070:
6055:
6024:New Mexico music
5956:
5951:
5950:
5949:
5942:
5937:
5936:
5935:
5868:Edward R. Roybal
5856:Edward L. Romero
5832:Mariano S. Otero
5776:Patricia Madrid
5770:Tranquilino Luna
5704:Julián A. Chávez
5616:Archuleta County
5577:
5570:
5563:
5547:
5546:
4932:Louisiana Creole
4093:
4092:
4071:Associated Press
4051:
3953:
3943:
3937:
3931:
3924:
3918:
3907:
3709:Vitoria Carvajal
3631:Sánchez de Iñigo
3613:Roybal y Torrado
3370:Bustos/Bustillos
3259:Sangre de Cristo
3204:women's suffrage
3083:Native Americans
2878:
2870:
2862:
2821:Puebloan peoples
2619:, also known as
2605:
2598:
2591:
2575:
2574:
2573:
2551:Latino Americans
2247:Chicano Movement
2067:Latino Americans
2056:
2055:
2046:
2039:
2032:
2006:
2005:
2004:
1951:
1950:
1826:
1825:
1683:
1682:
1586:Teatro Campesino
1511:
1510:
1412:Brown, Not White
1353:Chicana feminism
1341:
1340:
1220:Mexican WhiteBoy
1192:Bless Me, Ultima
1148:Autobiographical
1117:
1116:
1081:Lowrider bicycle
955:
954:
922:Murder of Selena
833:Raza Unida Party
693:Chicano Movement
628:Bloody Christmas
558:
557:
484:
483:
473:
450:
449:
417:Native Americans
404:Louisiana Cajuns
285:Plains Sign Talk
220:2010 U.S. census
212:
210:
209:
198:2010 U.S. census
190:
188:
187:
176:2010 U.S. census
168:
166:
165:
154:2010 U.S. census
146:
144:
143:
132:2010 U.S. census
124:
122:
121:
105:
102:
99:
85:
82:
74:Total population
66:
50:
46:
21:
11230:
11229:
11225:
11224:
11223:
11221:
11220:
11219:
11185:
11184:
11183:
11178:
11160:
11104:
10958:
10860:
10804:
10790:Tex-Mex cuisine
10658:
10648:Proposition 187
10597:Arizona SB 1070
10559:
10461:
10457:Zoot Suit Riots
10417:Bracero program
10407:1917 Bath riots
10395:
10344:
10334:
10304:
10299:
10216:
10210:
10180:
10175:
10152:
10151:
10146:
10142:
10132:
10101:
9996:
9970:
9944:
9901:
9836:
9795:
9762:
9707:
9677:
9672:
9642:
9633:
9580:
9522:
9451:
9371:
9338:Cuban Americans
8979:Mission Indians
8845:
8824:Swiss Americans
8673:Irish Americans
8663:Greek Americans
8626:Dutch Americans
8609:Czech Americans
8582:Welsh Americans
8517:White Americans
8503:
8438:Saudi Americans
8423:Omani Americans
8403:Iraqi Americans
8325:Hmong Americans
8308:Karen Americans
8289:Tamil Americans
8245:Tamil Americans
8155:Hoklo Americans
8145:Hakka Americans
8118:Uzbek Americans
8103:Tajik Americans
8059:Asian Americans
8047:
7974:Horn of Africa
7682:ethnic ancestry
7681:
7674:
7640:Native American
7628:Nation of Islam
7618:Five Percenters
7542:
7511:Racial wage gap
7501:Race and health
7486:Personal income
7418:
7412:
7403:
7398:
7368:
7354:
7335:
7316:
7295:
7290:
7289:
7280:
7276:
7267:
7265:
7256:
7255:
7251:
7241:
7239:
7229:
7225:
7216:
7214:
7198:
7197:
7193:
7189:, pp. x–xi
7185:
7181:
7171:
7169:
7165:
7153:"State Symbols"
7151:
7150:
7146:
7135:
7131:
7119:
7118:
7109:
7108:
7102:Perea, Juan F.
7100:
7096:
7090:Wayback Machine
7079:
7070:
7059:
7052:
7041:
7037:
7029:
7025:
7017:
7013:
7005:
7001:
6993:
6989:
6981:
6977:
6966:
6962:
6951:
6947:
6940:
6926:
6922:
6907:
6903:
6890:
6886:
6870:
6869:
6857:
6853:
6843:
6841:
6831:
6827:
6794:(9): e1008225.
6780:
6773:
6763:
6761:
6746:
6742:
6732:
6730:
6728:
6712:
6708:
6698:
6696:
6688:
6687:
6683:
6675:
6671:
6662:
6658:
6642:
6636:
6632:
6623:
6616:
6607:
6600:
6592:
6588:
6578:
6576:
6568:
6567:
6563:
6554:
6550:
6531:
6527:
6519:Simmons, Marc,
6518:
6514:
6504:
6502:
6487:
6480:
6472:
6468:
6460:
6456:
6449:
6433:
6429:
6419:
6417:
6415:
6399:
6395:
6385:
6383:
6381:
6365:
6358:
6350:
6337:
6294:
6290:
6274:
6273:
6258:
6244:
6240:
6230:
6228:
6217:
6213:
6203:
6201:
6190:
6186:
6177:
6176:
6172:
6165:
6161:
6156:Wayback Machine
6148:
6144:
6139:Wayback Machine
6131:
6127:
6112:
6111:
6107:
6097:
6095:
6093:
6077:
6073:
6056:
6052:
6047:
5952:
5947:
5945:
5938:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5862:Trinidad Romero
5838:Francisco Perea
5824:, Governor of
5686:Angelico Chavez
5664:Casimiro Barela
5630:Abraham Lincoln
5626:Diego Archuleta
5581:
5490:Virgin Islander
5034:Native Hawaiian
5029:Native American
4922:Liechtensteiner
4669:Habesha peoples
4091:
4063:
3990:
3984:
3864:
3859:
3821:Family Tree DNA
3780:
3774:
3768:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3682:Vásquez de Lara
3592:Rael de Aguilar
3526:Miera y Pacheco
3481:Lucero de Godoy
3469:López de Gracia
3463:López de Ocanto
3451:Jurdo de Gracia
3445:Jirón de Tejeda
3303:
3231:
3169:Diego Archuleta
3079:
3063:Mexican Cession
3015:
2979:Diego de Vargas
2922:
2917:
2911:
2896:Nuevomexicanos,
2864:, analogous to
2854:
2609:
2571:
2569:
2562:
2561:
2560:
2540:
2532:
2531:
2530:
2468:
2460:
2459:
2458:
2391:
2383:
2382:
2381:
2351:
2343:
2342:
2341:
2266:
2258:
2257:
2256:
2241:
2233:
2232:
2231:
2202:
2196:
2188:
2187:
2186:
2112:Cuban Americans
2076:
2066:
2050:
2002:
2000:
1993:
1992:
1987:
1968:Chicano rappers
1948:
1940:
1939:
1934:
1889:
1823:
1815:
1814:
1809:
1787:
1680:
1672:
1671:
1666:
1633:
1595:
1552:Art Collectives
1547:
1508:
1500:
1499:
1494:
1431:
1390:
1362:
1358:Chicanafuturism
1338:
1336:Chicano studies
1328:
1327:
1322:
1274:
1255:So Far from God
1177:
1143:
1114:
1106:
1105:
1100:
1052:
1019:
1010:Tex-Mex cuisine
991:
977:Chicano English
952:
944:
943:
938:
928:Proposition 187
877:Arizona SB 1070
842:
723:Centro Cultural
687:
683:Zoot Suit Riots
633:Bracero program
618:1917 Bath riots
604:
555:
545:
544:
481:
425:
414:
378:
366:
354:
341:
207:
205:
185:
183:
163:
161:
141:
139:
119:
117:
103:
97:
83:
69:
57:
55:
54:Nuevo Mexicanos
45:
42:
39:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
11228:
11218:
11217:
11212:
11207:
11202:
11197:
11180:
11179:
11177:
11176:
11171:
11165:
11162:
11161:
11159:
11158:
11153:
11148:
11143:
11138:
11133:
11128:
11123:
11118:
11112:
11110:
11106:
11105:
11103:
11102:
11095:
11088:
11087:
11086:
11081:
11071:
11070:
11069:
11061:
11056:
11049:
11046:Nuevomexicanos
11042:
11035:
11028:
11021:
11016:
11009:
11002:
10995:
10977:
10976:
10975:
10966:
10964:
10960:
10959:
10957:
10956:
10949:
10942:
10935:
10928:
10921:
10914:
10907:
10900:
10893:
10886:
10879:
10871:
10869:
10862:
10861:
10859:
10858:
10853:
10848:
10843:
10838:
10833:
10828:
10826:Gringo justice
10823:
10818:
10812:
10810:
10806:
10805:
10803:
10802:
10797:
10792:
10787:
10782:
10777:
10772:
10767:
10762:
10757:
10752:
10747:
10742:
10737:
10732:
10727:
10722:
10717:
10712:
10707:
10702:
10700:Chicano poetry
10697:
10692:
10687:
10685:Chicano cinema
10682:
10677:
10672:
10666:
10664:
10660:
10659:
10657:
10656:
10651:
10644:
10639:
10634:
10629:
10624:
10617:
10612:
10605:
10600:
10593:
10588:
10583:
10578:
10573:
10567:
10565:
10561:
10560:
10558:
10557:
10552:
10547:
10542:
10537:
10532:
10527:
10522:
10517:
10512:
10507:
10502:
10497:
10492:
10487:
10482:
10477:
10471:
10469:
10463:
10462:
10460:
10459:
10454:
10449:
10444:
10439:
10434:
10429:
10424:
10419:
10414:
10409:
10403:
10401:
10397:
10396:
10394:
10393:
10388:
10383:
10378:
10373:
10368:
10363:
10358:
10352:
10350:
10346:
10345:
10333:
10332:
10325:
10318:
10310:
10301:
10300:
10298:
10297:
10292:
10287:
10285:Canary Islands
10282:
10280:Basque Country
10277:
10268:
10267:
10262:
10257:
10256:
10255:
10250:
10245:
10235:
10230:
10221:
10218:
10217:
10209:
10208:
10201:
10194:
10186:
10177:
10176:
10174:
10173:
10163:
10150:
10149:
10139:
10138:
10137:
10134:
10133:
10131:
10130:
10125:
10120:
10115:
10109:
10107:
10103:
10102:
10100:
10099:
10094:
10089:
10088:
10087:
10077:
10076:
10075:
10067:
10062:
10057:
10052:
10047:
10042:
10037:
10032:
10027:
10026:
10025:
10020:
10010:
10004:
10002:
9998:
9997:
9995:
9994:
9989:
9984:
9978:
9976:
9972:
9971:
9969:
9968:
9963:
9958:
9952:
9950:
9946:
9945:
9943:
9942:
9941:
9940:
9935:
9930:
9925:
9920:
9909:
9907:
9903:
9902:
9900:
9899:
9894:
9889:
9884:
9879:
9874:
9869:
9864:
9859:
9854:
9848:
9846:
9845:South American
9842:
9841:
9838:
9837:
9835:
9834:
9829:
9824:
9819:
9814:
9809:
9803:
9801:
9797:
9796:
9794:
9793:
9792:
9791:
9781:
9776:
9770:
9768:
9761:
9760:
9755:
9750:
9749:
9748:
9738:
9733:
9732:
9731:
9721:
9715:
9713:
9712:North American
9709:
9708:
9706:
9705:
9700:
9699:
9698:
9688:
9682:
9679:
9678:
9671:
9670:
9663:
9656:
9648:
9639:
9638:
9635:
9634:
9632:
9631:
9626:
9621:
9618:
9617:
9616:
9606:
9601:
9596:
9591:
9585:
9582:
9581:
9579:
9578:
9573:
9568:
9563:
9558:
9553:
9548:
9543:
9538:
9532:
9530:
9524:
9523:
9521:
9520:
9515:
9510:
9505:
9500:
9495:
9490:
9485:
9480:
9475:
9470:
9465:
9459:
9457:
9453:
9452:
9450:
9449:
9448:
9447:
9442:
9434:
9433:
9432:
9427:
9422:
9417:
9412:
9407:
9402:
9397:
9392:
9381:
9379:
9373:
9372:
9370:
9369:
9368:
9367:
9366:
9365:
9360:
9350:
9345:
9340:
9335:
9334:
9333:
9328:
9323:
9318:
9313:
9308:
9303:
9289:
9288:
9282:
9281:
9280:
9279:
9274:
9269:
9264:
9259:
9254:
9249:
9244:
9239:
9232:Alaska Natives
9229:
9228:
9227:
9222:
9217:
9212:
9210:Tohono Oʼodham
9207:
9202:
9197:
9192:
9187:
9182:
9177:
9176:
9175:
9170:
9160:
9155:
9150:
9145:
9140:
9135:
9130:
9125:
9120:
9115:
9114:
9113:
9108:
9103:
9098:
9093:
9088:
9087:
9086:
9081:
9076:
9071:
9066:
9056:
9051:
9046:
9041:
9036:
9031:
9026:
9021:
9016:
9011:
9006:
9001:
8996:
8991:
8986:
8976:
8971:
8966:
8961:
8956:
8955:
8954:
8949:
8944:
8939:
8934:
8929:
8919:
8914:
8909:
8904:
8899:
8894:
8889:
8884:
8879:
8874:
8869:
8864:
8853:
8851:
8847:
8846:
8844:
8843:
8838:
8833:
8832:
8831:
8826:
8821:
8820:
8819:
8809:
8804:
8799:
8794:
8793:
8792:
8787:
8782:
8777:
8767:
8762:
8757:
8752:
8747:
8742:
8737:
8732:
8727:
8722:
8717:
8712:
8707:
8702:
8697:
8692:
8687:
8686:
8685:
8675:
8670:
8665:
8660:
8655:
8650:
8649:
8648:
8638:
8633:
8628:
8623:
8622:
8621:
8611:
8606:
8601:
8596:
8591:
8586:
8585:
8584:
8579:
8574:
8572:Manx Americans
8569:
8564:
8554:
8549:
8544:
8539:
8534:
8529:
8524:
8513:
8511:
8505:
8504:
8502:
8501:
8500:
8499:
8494:
8489:
8488:
8487:
8477:
8472:
8467:
8462:
8457:
8452:
8451:
8450:
8445:
8440:
8435:
8430:
8425:
8420:
8415:
8410:
8405:
8400:
8395:
8388:Arab Americans
8379:
8378:
8377:
8376:
8365:
8364:
8363:
8362:
8357:
8355:Thai Americans
8352:
8347:
8342:
8337:
8332:
8327:
8322:
8317:
8312:
8311:
8310:
8298:Southeast Asia
8295:
8294:
8293:
8292:
8291:
8281:
8280:
8279:
8274:
8264:
8259:
8254:
8253:
8252:
8247:
8242:
8237:
8232:
8227:
8222:
8212:
8207:
8206:
8205:
8190:
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8188:
8183:
8178:
8177:
8176:
8166:
8165:
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8159:
8158:
8157:
8152:
8147:
8137:
8122:
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8120:
8115:
8110:
8105:
8100:
8095:
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8083:
8068:
8067:
8066:
8055:
8053:
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8044:
8043:
8038:
8037:
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8031:
8026:
8021:
8011:
8010:
8009:
7993:
7992:
7991:
7990:
7985:
7980:
7971:
7970:
7969:
7968:
7967:
7966:
7961:
7960:
7959:
7954:
7949:
7944:
7939:
7934:
7929:
7924:
7919:
7914:
7909:
7904:
7899:
7889:
7888:
7887:
7882:
7877:
7872:
7862:
7861:
7860:
7855:
7850:
7845:
7835:
7833:Igbo Americans
7830:
7828:Fula Americans
7825:
7824:
7823:
7818:
7813:
7808:
7793:
7792:
7791:
7786:
7781:
7780:
7779:
7774:
7769:
7764:
7759:
7754:
7749:
7744:
7739:
7734:
7729:
7724:
7719:
7714:
7693:
7691:
7684:
7676:
7675:
7673:
7672:
7667:
7662:
7660:Scientologists
7657:
7652:
7647:
7642:
7637:
7636:
7635:
7633:Value Creators
7630:
7625:
7620:
7615:
7605:
7600:
7595:
7590:
7589:
7588:
7583:
7578:
7573:
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7544:
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7535:
7530:
7525:
7520:
7515:
7514:
7513:
7508:
7503:
7493:
7488:
7483:
7481:Middle classes
7478:
7473:
7468:
7463:
7458:
7453:
7448:
7446:Home-ownership
7443:
7438:
7433:
7428:
7422:
7420:
7414:
7413:
7408:
7405:
7404:
7397:
7396:
7389:
7382:
7374:
7367:
7366:
7352:
7339:
7333:
7320:
7314:
7296:
7294:
7291:
7288:
7287:
7274:
7249:
7223:
7206:. 2020-11-03.
7191:
7179:
7144:
7129:
7094:
7068:
7050:
7035:
7023:
7011:
6999:
6997:, p. 161.
6987:
6975:
6960:
6945:
6938:
6920:
6901:
6884:
6851:
6825:
6771:
6756:(in Spanish).
6740:
6726:
6706:
6681:
6669:
6656:
6649:(in Spanish).
6630:
6614:
6598:
6586:
6561:
6548:
6525:
6512:
6478:
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6447:
6427:
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6393:
6379:
6356:
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6288:
6256:
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6211:
6184:
6170:
6159:
6142:
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6105:
6091:
6071:
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6041:
6036:
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6026:
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6016:
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5994:
5989:
5984:
5979:
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5957:
5943:
5927:
5924:
5923:
5921:
5915:
5909:
5903:
5889:
5883:
5877:
5871:
5865:
5859:
5853:
5847:
5841:
5835:
5829:
5819:
5809:
5806:Joseph Montoya
5803:
5797:
5791:
5785:
5779:
5773:
5767:
5761:
5755:
5749:
5743:
5740:Dolores Huerta
5737:
5731:
5725:
5719:
5716:Henry Cisneros
5713:
5707:
5701:
5695:
5689:
5683:
5673:
5667:
5661:
5651:
5645:
5642:Bartolomé Baca
5639:
5633:
5623:
5620:Conejos County
5609:
5603:
5597:
5591:
5588:Santiago Abréu
5583:
5582:
5580:
5579:
5572:
5565:
5557:
5554:
5553:
5552:
5551:
5538:
5537:
5536:
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5524:
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5477:
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5461:
5456:
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5446:
5438:
5437:
5436:
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5430:
5425:
5420:
5415:
5410:
5405:
5400:
5395:
5390:
5385:
5377:
5376:
5375:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5344:
5343:
5342:
5332:
5330:South Sudanese
5327:
5326:
5325:
5320:
5315:
5310:
5305:
5303:Indo-Caribbean
5300:
5295:
5290:
5280:
5275:
5270:
5265:
5260:
5255:
5250:
5248:Sierra Leonean
5245:
5240:
5235:
5230:
5225:
5220:
5215:
5210:
5205:
5200:
5195:
5187:
5186:
5185:
5184:
5179:
5174:
5173:
5172:
5162:
5154:
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5152:
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5146:
5141:
5136:
5131:
5126:
5121:
5116:
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5110:
5109:
5104:
5099:
5094:
5081:
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5078:
5073:
5068:
5067:
5066:
5061:
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5036:
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5023:
5022:
5021:
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5015:
5010:
5005:
5000:
4995:
4990:
4985:
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4955:
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4924:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4899:
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4886:
4885:
4884:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
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4858:
4853:
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4833:
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4827:
4822:
4817:
4809:
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4796:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4766:
4765:
4764:
4759:
4754:
4749:
4744:
4742:Indo-Caribbean
4739:
4734:
4724:
4719:
4711:
4710:
4709:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4688:
4683:
4682:
4681:
4676:
4663:
4662:
4661:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4625:
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4615:
4607:
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4599:
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4510:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4487:
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4479:
4474:
4469:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4438:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4417:
4412:
4411:
4410:
4405:
4400:
4395:
4385:
4384:
4383:
4381:Indo-Caribbean
4378:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4327:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4298:
4297:
4296:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4263:Bissau-Guinean
4260:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4202:
4201:
4200:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4133:
4132:
4122:
4114:
4113:
4107:
4106:
4100:
4099:
4090:
4089:Notable people
4087:
4062:
4059:
4004:
3986:Main article:
3983:
3980:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3825:Ashkenazi Jews
3807:Cohanim marker
3772:Crypto-Judaism
3770:Main article:
3767:
3766:Crypto-Judaism
3764:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3716:
3713:
3710:
3707:
3704:
3701:
3698:
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3542:
3539:
3536:
3533:
3530:
3527:
3524:
3521:
3518:
3515:
3512:
3509:
3508:Martín Serrano
3506:
3503:
3500:
3497:
3494:
3491:
3488:
3485:
3482:
3479:
3476:
3475:López Sambrano
3473:
3470:
3467:
3464:
3461:
3458:
3455:
3452:
3449:
3446:
3443:
3440:
3437:
3434:
3431:
3428:
3425:
3422:
3419:
3416:
3413:
3410:
3407:
3404:
3401:
3398:
3397:Durán y Chaves
3395:
3392:
3389:
3386:
3383:
3380:
3377:
3374:
3371:
3368:
3365:
3362:
3359:
3354:
3351:
3348:
3345:
3342:
3339:
3336:
3333:
3330:
3327:
3324:
3321:
3317:
3302:
3299:
3263:Sandia–Manzano
3230:
3227:
3122:head coverings
3078:
3075:
3031:Revolt of 1837
3014:
3011:
2940:Pueblo peoples
2921:
2918:
2913:Main article:
2910:
2907:
2899:Novomexicanos,
2853:
2850:
2633:Nuevomexicanos
2611:
2610:
2608:
2607:
2600:
2593:
2585:
2582:
2581:
2580:
2579:
2564:
2563:
2559:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2542:
2541:
2538:
2537:
2534:
2533:
2529:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
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2506:
2496:
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2409:
2399:
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2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
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2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2268:
2267:
2264:
2263:
2260:
2259:
2255:
2254:
2249:
2243:
2242:
2239:
2238:
2235:
2234:
2230:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2203:
2198:
2197:
2194:
2193:
2190:
2189:
2185:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2078:
2077:
2074:
2073:
2070:
2069:
2061:
2060:
2052:
2051:
2049:
2048:
2041:
2034:
2026:
2023:
2022:
2021:
2020:
2015:
2010:
1995:
1994:
1989:
1988:
1986:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1954:
1949:
1946:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1936:
1935:
1933:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1921:
1920:
1915:
1913:Nuevomexicanos
1910:
1899:
1896:
1895:
1891:
1890:
1888:
1887:
1886:
1885:
1880:
1870:
1863:
1856:
1849:
1842:
1834:
1831:
1830:
1824:
1821:
1820:
1817:
1816:
1811:
1810:
1808:
1807:
1799:
1796:
1795:
1789:
1788:
1786:
1785:
1778:
1771:
1764:
1757:
1750:
1743:
1736:
1729:
1722:
1715:
1708:
1701:
1693:
1690:
1689:
1681:
1678:
1677:
1674:
1673:
1668:
1667:
1665:
1664:
1659:
1657:Estrada Courts
1654:
1649:
1643:
1640:
1639:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1605:
1602:
1601:
1597:
1596:
1594:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1557:
1554:
1553:
1549:
1548:
1546:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1533:Chicano cinema
1530:
1525:
1519:
1516:
1515:
1509:
1506:
1505:
1502:
1501:
1496:
1495:
1493:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1455:Gringo justice
1452:
1447:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1433:
1432:
1430:
1429:
1422:
1415:
1408:
1400:
1397:
1396:
1392:
1391:
1389:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1372:
1369:
1368:
1364:
1363:
1361:
1360:
1355:
1349:
1346:
1345:
1339:
1334:
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1329:
1324:
1323:
1321:
1320:
1313:
1306:
1299:
1292:
1284:
1281:
1280:
1276:
1275:
1273:
1272:
1265:
1258:
1251:
1244:
1237:
1230:
1223:
1216:
1209:
1202:
1195:
1187:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1178:
1176:
1175:
1168:
1161:
1158:Always Running
1153:
1150:
1149:
1145:
1144:
1142:
1141:
1139:Chicano poetry
1136:
1131:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1115:
1112:
1111:
1108:
1107:
1102:
1101:
1099:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1054:
1053:
1051:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1029:
1026:
1025:
1021:
1020:
1018:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1001:
998:
997:
993:
992:
990:
989:
984:
979:
974:
969:
963:
960:
959:
953:
950:
949:
946:
945:
940:
939:
937:
936:
931:
924:
919:
914:
909:
902:
897:
890:
885:
880:
873:
868:
863:
858:
852:
849:
848:
844:
843:
841:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
768:Huelga schools
765:
760:
755:
750:
745:
740:
735:
730:
725:
720:
715:
710:
705:
699:
696:
695:
689:
688:
686:
685:
680:
675:
670:
665:
660:
655:
650:
645:
640:
635:
630:
625:
620:
614:
611:
610:
606:
605:
603:
602:
597:
592:
587:
582:
577:
572:
570:Josefa Segovia
566:
563:
562:
556:
551:
550:
547:
546:
541:
540:
539:
538:
530:
529:
525:
524:
523:
522:
517:
512:
507:
502:
497:
489:
488:
482:
479:
478:
475:
474:
466:
465:
455:
454:
446:
445:
348:
347:
343:
342:
340:
339:
336:Crypto-Judaism
332:
325:Roman Catholic
320:
317:
316:
312:
311:
229:
228:
224:
223:
216:
202:
201:
194:
180:
179:
172:
158:
157:
150:
136:
135:
128:
114:
113:
107:
106:
104: 750,000
93:
92:
88:
87:
84: 750,000
76:
75:
71:
70:
67:
59:
58:
43:
40:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
11227:
11216:
11213:
11211:
11208:
11206:
11203:
11201:
11198:
11196:
11193:
11192:
11190:
11175:
11172:
11170:
11167:
11166:
11163:
11157:
11154:
11152:
11149:
11147:
11144:
11142:
11139:
11137:
11134:
11132:
11129:
11127:
11124:
11122:
11121:Chicano poets
11119:
11117:
11116:Chicano films
11114:
11113:
11111:
11107:
11100:
11096:
11093:
11089:
11085:
11082:
11080:
11077:
11076:
11075:
11072:
11068:
11065:
11064:
11063:Pennsylvania
11062:
11060:
11057:
11054:
11053:New York City
11050:
11047:
11043:
11040:
11036:
11033:
11029:
11026:
11022:
11020:
11017:
11014:
11010:
11007:
11003:
11000:
10996:
10993:
10989:
10988:San Francisco
10985:
10981:
10978:
10974:
10971:
10970:
10968:
10967:
10965:
10961:
10955:
10954:
10950:
10948:
10947:
10943:
10941:
10940:
10936:
10934:
10933:
10929:
10927:
10926:
10922:
10920:
10919:
10915:
10913:
10912:
10911:Plyler v. Doe
10908:
10906:
10905:
10901:
10899:
10898:
10894:
10892:
10891:
10887:
10885:
10884:
10880:
10878:
10877:
10873:
10872:
10870:
10867:
10866:Supreme Court
10863:
10857:
10854:
10852:
10849:
10847:
10844:
10842:
10839:
10837:
10836:New tribalism
10834:
10832:
10829:
10827:
10824:
10822:
10819:
10817:
10816:Barrioization
10814:
10813:
10811:
10807:
10801:
10798:
10796:
10793:
10791:
10788:
10786:
10783:
10781:
10778:
10776:
10773:
10771:
10768:
10766:
10763:
10761:
10758:
10756:
10753:
10751:
10748:
10746:
10743:
10741:
10738:
10736:
10733:
10731:
10728:
10726:
10723:
10721:
10720:Cinco de Mayo
10718:
10716:
10713:
10711:
10708:
10706:
10703:
10701:
10698:
10696:
10695:Chicano names
10693:
10691:
10688:
10686:
10683:
10681:
10678:
10676:
10673:
10671:
10668:
10667:
10665:
10661:
10655:
10652:
10650:
10649:
10645:
10643:
10640:
10638:
10635:
10633:
10630:
10628:
10625:
10623:
10622:
10618:
10616:
10613:
10611:
10610:
10606:
10604:
10601:
10599:
10598:
10594:
10592:
10589:
10587:
10584:
10582:
10579:
10577:
10574:
10572:
10569:
10568:
10566:
10562:
10556:
10553:
10551:
10548:
10546:
10543:
10541:
10538:
10536:
10533:
10531:
10528:
10526:
10523:
10521:
10518:
10516:
10513:
10511:
10508:
10506:
10503:
10501:
10498:
10496:
10493:
10491:
10488:
10486:
10483:
10481:
10478:
10476:
10473:
10472:
10470:
10468:
10464:
10458:
10455:
10453:
10450:
10448:
10445:
10443:
10440:
10438:
10435:
10433:
10430:
10428:
10425:
10423:
10420:
10418:
10415:
10413:
10410:
10408:
10405:
10404:
10402:
10398:
10392:
10389:
10387:
10384:
10382:
10379:
10377:
10374:
10372:
10369:
10367:
10364:
10362:
10359:
10357:
10354:
10353:
10351:
10347:
10342:
10338:
10331:
10326:
10324:
10319:
10317:
10312:
10311:
10308:
10296:
10293:
10291:
10288:
10286:
10283:
10281:
10278:
10276:
10273:
10272:
10271:
10266:
10263:
10261:
10258:
10254:
10251:
10249:
10246:
10243:
10239:
10236:
10234:
10231:
10229:
10226:
10225:
10224:
10223:
10219:
10214:
10207:
10202:
10200:
10195:
10193:
10188:
10187:
10184:
10172:
10164:
10162:
10154:
10153:
10144:
10140:
10135:
10129:
10126:
10124:
10121:
10119:
10116:
10114:
10111:
10110:
10108:
10104:
10098:
10095:
10093:
10090:
10086:
10083:
10082:
10081:
10078:
10074:
10071:
10070:
10068:
10066:
10063:
10061:
10058:
10056:
10053:
10051:
10048:
10046:
10045:Massachusetts
10043:
10041:
10038:
10036:
10033:
10031:
10028:
10024:
10023:San Francisco
10021:
10019:
10016:
10015:
10014:
10011:
10009:
10006:
10005:
10003:
9999:
9993:
9990:
9988:
9985:
9983:
9980:
9979:
9977:
9973:
9967:
9964:
9962:
9959:
9957:
9954:
9953:
9951:
9949:Ethnic groups
9947:
9939:
9936:
9934:
9931:
9929:
9926:
9924:
9921:
9919:
9916:
9915:
9914:
9911:
9910:
9908:
9904:
9898:
9895:
9893:
9890:
9888:
9885:
9883:
9880:
9878:
9875:
9873:
9870:
9868:
9865:
9863:
9860:
9858:
9855:
9853:
9850:
9849:
9847:
9843:
9833:
9830:
9828:
9825:
9823:
9820:
9818:
9815:
9813:
9810:
9808:
9805:
9804:
9802:
9798:
9790:
9787:
9786:
9785:
9782:
9780:
9777:
9775:
9772:
9771:
9769:
9765:
9759:
9756:
9754:
9753:Nuevomexicano
9751:
9747:
9744:
9743:
9742:
9739:
9737:
9734:
9730:
9727:
9726:
9725:
9722:
9720:
9717:
9716:
9714:
9710:
9704:
9701:
9697:
9694:
9693:
9692:
9689:
9687:
9684:
9683:
9680:
9676:
9669:
9664:
9662:
9657:
9655:
9650:
9649:
9646:
9630:
9627:
9625:
9622:
9619:
9615:
9612:
9611:
9610:
9607:
9605:
9602:
9600:
9597:
9595:
9592:
9590:
9587:
9586:
9583:
9577:
9574:
9572:
9569:
9567:
9564:
9562:
9559:
9557:
9554:
9552:
9549:
9547:
9544:
9542:
9539:
9537:
9534:
9533:
9531:
9529:
9525:
9519:
9516:
9514:
9511:
9509:
9506:
9504:
9501:
9499:
9496:
9494:
9491:
9489:
9486:
9484:
9481:
9479:
9476:
9474:
9471:
9469:
9466:
9464:
9461:
9460:
9458:
9456:South America
9454:
9446:
9443:
9441:
9438:
9437:
9435:
9431:
9428:
9426:
9423:
9421:
9418:
9416:
9413:
9411:
9408:
9406:
9403:
9401:
9398:
9396:
9393:
9391:
9388:
9387:
9386:
9383:
9382:
9380:
9378:
9374:
9364:
9361:
9359:
9356:
9355:
9354:
9351:
9349:
9346:
9344:
9341:
9339:
9336:
9332:
9329:
9327:
9324:
9322:
9319:
9317:
9314:
9312:
9309:
9307:
9304:
9302:
9299:
9298:
9296:
9295:
9294:
9291:
9290:
9287:
9284:
9283:
9278:
9275:
9273:
9270:
9268:
9265:
9263:
9260:
9258:
9255:
9253:
9250:
9248:
9245:
9243:
9240:
9238:
9235:
9234:
9233:
9230:
9226:
9223:
9221:
9218:
9216:
9213:
9211:
9208:
9206:
9203:
9201:
9198:
9196:
9193:
9191:
9188:
9186:
9183:
9181:
9178:
9174:
9171:
9169:
9166:
9165:
9164:
9161:
9159:
9156:
9154:
9151:
9149:
9146:
9144:
9141:
9139:
9136:
9134:
9131:
9129:
9126:
9124:
9121:
9119:
9116:
9112:
9109:
9107:
9104:
9102:
9099:
9097:
9094:
9092:
9089:
9085:
9082:
9080:
9077:
9075:
9072:
9070:
9067:
9065:
9062:
9061:
9060:
9057:
9055:
9052:
9050:
9047:
9045:
9042:
9040:
9037:
9035:
9032:
9030:
9027:
9025:
9022:
9020:
9017:
9015:
9012:
9010:
9007:
9005:
9002:
9000:
8997:
8995:
8992:
8990:
8987:
8985:
8982:
8981:
8980:
8977:
8975:
8972:
8970:
8967:
8965:
8962:
8960:
8957:
8953:
8950:
8948:
8945:
8943:
8940:
8938:
8935:
8933:
8930:
8928:
8925:
8924:
8923:
8920:
8918:
8915:
8913:
8910:
8908:
8905:
8903:
8900:
8898:
8895:
8893:
8890:
8888:
8885:
8883:
8880:
8878:
8875:
8873:
8870:
8868:
8865:
8863:
8860:
8859:
8858:
8855:
8854:
8852:
8850:North America
8848:
8842:
8839:
8837:
8834:
8830:
8827:
8825:
8822:
8818:
8815:
8814:
8813:
8810:
8808:
8805:
8803:
8800:
8798:
8795:
8791:
8788:
8786:
8783:
8781:
8778:
8776:
8773:
8772:
8771:
8768:
8766:
8763:
8761:
8758:
8756:
8753:
8751:
8748:
8746:
8743:
8741:
8738:
8736:
8733:
8731:
8728:
8726:
8723:
8721:
8718:
8716:
8713:
8711:
8708:
8706:
8703:
8701:
8698:
8696:
8693:
8691:
8688:
8684:
8681:
8680:
8679:
8676:
8674:
8671:
8669:
8666:
8664:
8661:
8659:
8656:
8654:
8651:
8647:
8644:
8643:
8642:
8639:
8637:
8634:
8632:
8629:
8627:
8624:
8620:
8617:
8616:
8615:
8612:
8610:
8607:
8605:
8602:
8600:
8597:
8595:
8592:
8590:
8587:
8583:
8580:
8578:
8575:
8573:
8570:
8568:
8565:
8563:
8560:
8559:
8558:
8555:
8553:
8550:
8548:
8545:
8543:
8540:
8538:
8535:
8533:
8530:
8528:
8525:
8523:
8520:
8519:
8518:
8515:
8514:
8512:
8510:
8506:
8498:
8495:
8493:
8490:
8486:
8483:
8482:
8481:
8478:
8476:
8473:
8471:
8468:
8466:
8463:
8461:
8458:
8456:
8453:
8449:
8446:
8444:
8441:
8439:
8436:
8434:
8431:
8429:
8426:
8424:
8421:
8419:
8416:
8414:
8411:
8409:
8406:
8404:
8401:
8399:
8396:
8394:
8391:
8390:
8389:
8386:
8385:
8384:
8381:
8380:
8375:
8372:
8371:
8370:
8367:
8366:
8361:
8358:
8356:
8353:
8351:
8348:
8346:
8343:
8341:
8338:
8336:
8333:
8331:
8328:
8326:
8323:
8321:
8318:
8316:
8313:
8309:
8306:
8305:
8304:
8301:
8300:
8299:
8296:
8290:
8287:
8286:
8285:
8282:
8278:
8275:
8273:
8270:
8269:
8268:
8265:
8263:
8260:
8258:
8255:
8251:
8248:
8246:
8243:
8241:
8238:
8236:
8233:
8231:
8228:
8226:
8223:
8221:
8218:
8217:
8216:
8213:
8211:
8208:
8204:
8201:
8200:
8199:
8196:
8195:
8194:
8191:
8187:
8184:
8182:
8179:
8175:
8172:
8171:
8170:
8167:
8163:
8160:
8156:
8153:
8151:
8148:
8146:
8143:
8142:
8141:
8138:
8136:
8133:
8132:
8131:
8128:
8127:
8126:
8123:
8119:
8116:
8114:
8111:
8109:
8106:
8104:
8101:
8099:
8096:
8094:
8091:
8089:
8086:
8082:
8079:
8078:
8077:
8074:
8073:
8072:
8069:
8065:
8062:
8061:
8060:
8057:
8056:
8054:
8050:
8042:
8039:
8035:
8032:
8030:
8027:
8025:
8022:
8020:
8017:
8016:
8015:
8012:
8008:
8005:
8004:
8003:
8000:
7999:
7998:
7995:
7994:
7989:
7986:
7984:
7981:
7979:
7976:
7975:
7973:
7972:
7965:
7962:
7958:
7955:
7953:
7950:
7948:
7945:
7943:
7940:
7938:
7935:
7933:
7930:
7928:
7925:
7923:
7920:
7918:
7915:
7913:
7910:
7908:
7905:
7903:
7900:
7898:
7895:
7894:
7893:
7890:
7886:
7883:
7881:
7878:
7876:
7873:
7871:
7868:
7867:
7866:
7863:
7859:
7856:
7854:
7851:
7849:
7846:
7844:
7841:
7840:
7839:
7836:
7834:
7831:
7829:
7826:
7822:
7819:
7817:
7814:
7812:
7809:
7807:
7804:
7803:
7802:
7799:
7798:
7797:
7794:
7790:
7789:Black Indians
7787:
7785:
7782:
7778:
7775:
7773:
7770:
7768:
7765:
7763:
7760:
7758:
7755:
7753:
7750:
7748:
7745:
7743:
7740:
7738:
7735:
7733:
7730:
7728:
7725:
7723:
7720:
7718:
7715:
7713:
7710:
7709:
7708:
7705:
7704:
7703:
7700:
7699:
7698:
7695:
7694:
7692:
7688:
7685:
7683:
7677:
7671:
7668:
7666:
7663:
7661:
7658:
7656:
7653:
7651:
7650:Non-religious
7648:
7646:
7643:
7641:
7638:
7634:
7631:
7629:
7626:
7624:
7621:
7619:
7616:
7614:
7611:
7610:
7609:
7606:
7604:
7601:
7599:
7596:
7594:
7591:
7587:
7584:
7582:
7579:
7577:
7574:
7572:
7569:
7568:
7567:
7564:
7562:
7559:
7557:
7554:
7553:
7551:
7549:
7545:
7539:
7536:
7534:
7531:
7529:
7526:
7524:
7521:
7519:
7516:
7512:
7509:
7507:
7504:
7502:
7499:
7498:
7497:
7494:
7492:
7489:
7487:
7484:
7482:
7479:
7477:
7474:
7472:
7469:
7467:
7464:
7462:
7459:
7457:
7454:
7452:
7449:
7447:
7444:
7442:
7439:
7437:
7434:
7432:
7429:
7427:
7424:
7423:
7421:
7415:
7411:
7406:
7402:
7395:
7390:
7388:
7383:
7381:
7376:
7375:
7372:
7363:
7359:
7355:
7349:
7345:
7340:
7336:
7334:0-89013-452-9
7330:
7326:
7321:
7317:
7315:0-89013-142-2
7311:
7306:
7305:
7298:
7297:
7284:
7278:
7263:
7259:
7253:
7238:
7234:
7227:
7213:
7209:
7205:
7201:
7195:
7188:
7183:
7164:
7160:
7159:
7154:
7148:
7140:
7133:
7125:
7113:
7105:
7098:
7091:
7087:
7084:
7083:
7077:
7075:
7073:
7064:
7057:
7055:
7046:
7039:
7032:
7027:
7020:
7015:
7008:
7003:
6996:
6991:
6984:
6979:
6971:
6964:
6956:
6949:
6941:
6935:
6931:
6924:
6916:
6912:
6905:
6898:
6894:
6888:
6880:
6874:
6866:
6862:
6855:
6840:
6836:
6829:
6821:
6817:
6812:
6807:
6802:
6797:
6793:
6789:
6788:PLOS Genetics
6785:
6778:
6776:
6759:
6755:
6751:
6744:
6729:
6723:
6719:
6718:
6710:
6695:
6691:
6685:
6678:
6673:
6666:
6660:
6652:
6648:
6641:
6634:
6627:
6621:
6619:
6611:
6605:
6603:
6595:
6590:
6575:
6571:
6565:
6558:
6552:
6545:
6541:
6540:
6535:
6529:
6522:
6516:
6500:
6496:
6492:
6485:
6483:
6475:
6470:
6463:
6458:
6450:
6444:
6440:
6439:
6431:
6416:
6410:
6406:
6405:
6397:
6382:
6376:
6372:
6371:
6363:
6361:
6353:
6348:
6346:
6344:
6342:
6340:
6332:
6327:
6323:
6319:
6315:
6311:
6307:
6303:
6299:
6292:
6284:
6278:
6271:
6267:
6263:
6259:
6253:
6249:
6242:
6226:
6222:
6215:
6199:
6195:
6188:
6180:
6174:
6168:
6163:
6157:
6153:
6150:
6146:
6140:
6136:
6133:
6129:
6121:
6120:
6115:
6109:
6094:
6088:
6084:
6083:
6075:
6068:
6064:
6060:
6054:
6050:
6040:
6037:
6035:
6032:
6030:
6027:
6025:
6022:
6020:
6017:
6013:
6010:
6008:
6005:
6004:
6003:
6000:
5998:
5995:
5993:
5990:
5988:
5985:
5983:
5980:
5977:
5973:
5969:
5965:
5963:
5960:
5959:
5955:
5944:
5941:
5930:
5922:
5919:
5916:
5913:
5910:
5907:
5904:
5901:
5897:
5893:
5890:
5887:
5884:
5881:
5878:
5875:
5872:
5869:
5866:
5863:
5860:
5857:
5854:
5851:
5848:
5845:
5842:
5839:
5836:
5833:
5830:
5827:
5823:
5820:
5817:
5813:
5810:
5807:
5804:
5801:
5798:
5795:
5792:
5789:
5786:
5783:
5780:
5777:
5774:
5771:
5768:
5765:
5762:
5759:
5756:
5753:
5752:Ben Ray Luján
5750:
5747:
5744:
5741:
5738:
5735:
5732:
5729:
5726:
5723:
5720:
5717:
5714:
5711:
5708:
5705:
5702:
5699:
5696:
5693:
5692:Dennis Chávez
5690:
5687:
5684:
5681:
5677:
5674:
5671:
5668:
5665:
5662:
5659:
5655:
5652:
5649:
5646:
5643:
5640:
5637:
5636:Manuel Armijo
5634:
5631:
5627:
5624:
5621:
5617:
5613:
5610:
5607:
5606:Rudolfo Anaya
5604:
5601:
5598:
5595:
5592:
5589:
5586:
5578:
5573:
5571:
5566:
5564:
5559:
5558:
5556:
5555:
5550:
5542:
5541:
5540:
5539:
5534:
5531:
5530:
5529:
5528:
5523:
5520:
5518:
5515:
5513:
5510:
5509:
5508:
5507:
5502:
5499:
5498:
5497:
5496:
5491:
5488:
5486:
5483:
5481:
5478:
5476:
5473:
5472:
5471:
5470:
5465:
5462:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5441:
5440:
5439:
5434:
5431:
5429:
5426:
5424:
5421:
5419:
5416:
5414:
5411:
5409:
5406:
5404:
5401:
5399:
5396:
5394:
5391:
5389:
5386:
5384:
5381:
5380:
5379:
5378:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5341:
5338:
5337:
5336:
5333:
5331:
5328:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5316:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5294:
5291:
5289:
5286:
5285:
5284:
5281:
5279:
5278:South African
5276:
5274:
5271:
5269:
5266:
5264:
5261:
5259:
5256:
5254:
5251:
5249:
5246:
5244:
5241:
5239:
5236:
5234:
5231:
5229:
5226:
5224:
5221:
5219:
5216:
5214:
5211:
5209:
5206:
5204:
5201:
5199:
5196:
5194:
5191:
5190:
5189:
5188:
5183:
5180:
5178:
5175:
5171:
5168:
5167:
5166:
5163:
5161:
5158:
5157:
5156:
5155:
5150:
5147:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5108:
5105:
5103:
5100:
5098:
5095:
5093:
5090:
5089:
5088:
5085:
5084:
5083:
5082:
5077:
5074:
5072:
5071:Nuevomexicano
5069:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5056:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5027:
5026:
5025:
5024:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5009:
5006:
5004:
5001:
4999:
4996:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4945:
4944:
4943:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4930:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4889:
4888:
4887:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4844:
4842:
4839:
4838:
4837:
4836:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4812:
4811:
4810:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4763:
4760:
4758:
4755:
4753:
4750:
4748:
4745:
4743:
4740:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4730:
4729:
4728:
4725:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4714:
4713:
4712:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4671:
4670:
4667:
4666:
4665:
4664:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4610:
4609:
4608:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4571:
4568:
4567:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4557:
4556:
4555:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4539:Equatoguinean
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4521:
4520:
4519:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4491:
4490:
4489:
4488:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4465:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4422:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4390:
4389:
4388:Central Asian
4386:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4373:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4306:
4305:
4302:
4301:
4300:
4299:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4205:
4204:
4203:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4131:
4128:
4127:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4117:
4116:
4115:
4112:
4109:
4108:
4105:
4102:
4101:
4098:
4095:
4094:
4086:
4084:
4080:
4076:
4072:
4068:
4058:
4056:
4052:
4050:
4044:
4040:
4035:
4031:
4025:
4023:
4018:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4002:
3994:
3989:
3979:
3971:
3967:
3959:
3955:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3936:
3930:
3923:
3917:
3911:
3906:
3896:
3892:
3889:
3885:
3881:
3877:
3868:
3854:
3852:
3848:
3847:Moroccan Jews
3844:
3840:
3839:autosomal DNA
3837:
3832:
3830:
3826:
3822:
3818:
3814:
3812:
3808:
3802:
3800:
3796:
3791:
3789:
3785:
3779:
3773:
3763:
3761:
3757:
3753:
3749:
3745:
3741:
3737:
3733:
3714:
3711:
3708:
3705:
3702:
3699:
3696:
3693:
3690:
3687:
3684:
3681:
3678:
3675:
3673:Torres/Torrez
3672:
3669:
3666:
3663:
3660:
3657:
3654:
3651:
3648:
3645:
3642:
3639:
3636:
3633:
3630:
3627:
3624:
3621:
3618:
3615:
3612:
3609:
3606:
3603:
3600:
3597:
3594:
3591:
3588:
3585:
3582:
3579:
3576:
3573:
3570:
3567:
3564:
3561:
3558:
3555:
3552:
3549:
3546:
3543:
3540:
3537:
3534:
3531:
3528:
3525:
3522:
3519:
3516:
3513:
3510:
3507:
3504:
3501:
3498:
3495:
3492:
3489:
3486:
3483:
3480:
3477:
3474:
3472:López Holguín
3471:
3468:
3465:
3462:
3459:
3457:Lobato/Lovato
3456:
3453:
3450:
3448:Jorge de Vera
3447:
3444:
3441:
3438:
3435:
3432:
3429:
3426:
3423:
3420:
3418:García Jurado
3417:
3414:
3411:
3408:
3405:
3402:
3399:
3396:
3393:
3390:
3387:
3384:
3381:
3378:
3375:
3372:
3369:
3366:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3352:
3349:
3346:
3343:
3340:
3337:
3334:
3332:Anaya Almazán
3331:
3328:
3325:
3322:
3319:
3318:
3316:
3314:
3310:
3309:
3298:
3296:
3292:
3286:
3284:
3280:
3276:
3272:
3268:
3264:
3260:
3256:
3252:
3248:
3244:
3240:
3236:
3226:
3224:
3220:
3216:
3211:
3207:
3205:
3201:
3195:
3192:
3187:
3185:
3179:
3177:
3172:
3170:
3166:
3162:
3158:
3154:
3150:
3146:
3142:
3138:
3134:
3130:
3125:
3123:
3119:
3118:
3112:
3108:
3104:
3100:
3099:Santa Fe Ring
3096:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3074:
3072:
3068:
3064:
3059:
3055:
3051:
3047:
3042:
3040:
3036:
3035:Manuel Armijo
3032:
3027:
3025:
3021:
3010:
3008:
3004:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2987:
2985:
2980:
2976:
2975:Pueblo Revolt
2972:
2967:
2965:
2961:
2956:
2953:
2949:
2945:
2941:
2936:
2934:
2932:
2927:
2926:Juan de Oñate
2916:
2906:
2904:
2900:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2888:
2883:
2879:
2877:
2871:
2869:
2863:
2861:
2849:
2847:
2843:
2842:
2837:
2833:
2828:
2826:
2822:
2817:
2813:
2808:
2806:
2803:movement) or
2802:
2798:
2792:
2791:lifestyles.
2790:
2787:
2783:
2780:, as well as
2779:
2775:
2771:
2767:
2763:
2759:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2736:Oasisamerican
2733:
2729:
2725:
2721:
2717:
2713:
2709:
2705:
2700:
2698:
2694:
2690:
2686:
2682:
2678:
2674:
2670:
2666:
2662:
2658:
2654:
2650:
2646:
2642:
2638:
2634:
2630:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2606:
2601:
2599:
2594:
2592:
2587:
2586:
2584:
2583:
2578:
2568:
2567:
2566:
2565:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2543:
2536:
2535:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2505:
2502:
2501:
2500:
2499:Puerto Ricans
2497:
2495:
2494:Nuevomexicano
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2471:
2467:Ethnic groups
2464:
2463:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2404:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2394:
2387:
2386:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2354:
2347:
2346:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2269:
2265:Organizations
2262:
2261:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2237:
2236:
2228:
2227:Puerto Ricans
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2204:
2201:
2192:
2191:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2079:
2072:
2071:
2068:
2063:
2062:
2058:
2057:
2047:
2042:
2040:
2035:
2033:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2024:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
1999:
1998:
1997:
1996:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1963:Chicano poets
1961:
1959:
1958:Chicano films
1956:
1955:
1953:
1952:
1944:
1943:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1905:
1904:
1901:
1900:
1898:
1897:
1893:
1892:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1875:
1874:
1871:
1868:
1864:
1861:
1857:
1854:
1850:
1847:
1843:
1840:
1836:
1835:
1833:
1832:
1828:
1827:
1819:
1818:
1806:
1805:
1801:
1800:
1798:
1797:
1794:
1791:
1790:
1784:
1783:
1779:
1777:
1776:
1772:
1770:
1769:
1765:
1763:
1762:
1758:
1756:
1755:
1751:
1749:
1748:
1744:
1742:
1741:
1737:
1735:
1734:
1733:Plyler v. Doe
1730:
1728:
1727:
1723:
1721:
1720:
1716:
1714:
1713:
1709:
1707:
1706:
1702:
1700:
1699:
1695:
1694:
1692:
1691:
1688:
1685:
1684:
1676:
1675:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1641:
1637:
1636:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1606:
1604:
1603:
1599:
1598:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1566:Culture Clash
1564:
1562:
1559:
1558:
1556:
1555:
1551:
1550:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1520:
1518:
1517:
1513:
1512:
1504:
1503:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1470:New tribalism
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1445:Barrioization
1443:
1442:
1440:
1439:
1435:
1434:
1428:
1427:
1423:
1421:
1420:
1416:
1414:
1413:
1409:
1407:
1406:
1402:
1401:
1399:
1398:
1394:
1393:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1373:
1371:
1370:
1367:Organizations
1366:
1365:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1348:
1347:
1343:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1331:
1319:
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994:
988:
985:
983:
982:Chicano names
980:
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975:
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968:
965:
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962:
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948:
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298:
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289:Southern Tiwa
286:
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108:
96:United States
94:
89:
86:
77:
72:
65:
60:
51:
37:
30:
19:
11195:Neomexicanos
11146:Bibliography
11067:Philadelphia
11045:
11044:New Mexico (
10997:California (
10951:
10944:
10937:
10930:
10923:
10916:
10909:
10902:
10895:
10888:
10881:
10874:
10841:Rasquachismo
10795:Tortilla art
10785:Tejano music
10710:Chicano rock
10705:Chicano Park
10646:
10619:
10607:
10595:
10269:
10143:
9784:Puerto Rican
9752:
9703:Demographics
8071:Central Asia
7670:Zoroastrians
7518:Social class
7343:
7324:
7303:
7293:Bibliography
7277:
7266:. Retrieved
7264:. 2021-09-18
7261:
7252:
7240:. Retrieved
7236:
7226:
7215:. Retrieved
7203:
7194:
7187:Cobos (2003)
7182:
7170:. Retrieved
7163:the original
7157:
7147:
7138:
7132:
7103:
7097:
7081:
7062:
7044:
7038:
7026:
7014:
7002:
6990:
6978:
6963:
6948:
6929:
6923:
6914:
6904:
6887:
6865:The Atlantic
6864:
6854:
6842:. Retrieved
6838:
6828:
6791:
6787:
6762:. Retrieved
6753:
6743:
6731:. Retrieved
6716:
6709:
6697:. Retrieved
6693:
6684:
6672:
6664:
6659:
6650:
6646:
6633:
6625:
6609:
6589:
6577:. Retrieved
6573:
6564:
6556:
6551:
6537:
6528:
6520:
6515:
6503:. Retrieved
6494:
6473:
6469:
6461:
6457:
6437:
6430:
6418:. Retrieved
6403:
6396:
6384:. Retrieved
6369:
6354:, p. ix
6352:Cobos (2003)
6329:
6301:
6297:
6291:
6269:
6250:. New York.
6247:
6241:
6229:. Retrieved
6227:(in Spanish)
6224:
6214:
6202:. Retrieved
6200:(in Spanish)
6197:
6187:
6173:
6162:
6145:
6128:
6117:
6108:
6096:. Retrieved
6081:
6074:
6058:
6053:
5880:John Salazar
5828:(1897–1906).
5758:Manuel Lujan
5754:, US Senator
5698:Linda Chavez
5679:
5223:Scotch-Irish
5193:Saint Lucian
5149:Puerto Rican
4361:Cape Verdean
4111:By ethnicity
4064:
4049:mexicanismos
4046:
4026:
4019:
4015:hispanophone
4007:
3999:
3976:
3964:
3901:
3873:
3833:
3815:
3803:
3792:
3783:
3781:
3729:
3661:Telles Jirón
3607:Romo de Vera
3568:Páes Hurtado
3523:Montes Vigil
3306:
3304:
3287:
3232:
3212:
3208:
3196:
3188:
3180:
3173:
3126:
3115:
3107:intimidation
3080:
3043:
3028:
3016:
2988:
2983:
2968:
2957:
2937:
2929:
2923:
2903:Neomexicanos
2902:
2898:
2895:
2891:
2885:
2873:
2865:
2857:
2855:
2840:
2829:
2809:
2793:
2760:in regional
2743:
2732:Mesoamerican
2716:Neomexicanos
2706:. Alongside
2704:Nuevo México
2703:
2701:
2677:Oasisamerica
2651:), southern
2649:Nuevo México
2648:
2632:
2621:Neomexicanos
2620:
2616:
2614:
2493:
2427:Puerto Rican
2199:
2065:Hispanic and
1983:Bibliography
1912:
1844:California (
1802:
1780:
1773:
1766:
1759:
1752:
1745:
1738:
1731:
1724:
1717:
1710:
1703:
1696:
1652:Chicano Park
1624:Precita Eyes
1543:Tortilla art
1475:Rasquachismo
1424:
1417:
1410:
1403:
1315:
1308:
1301:
1296:I Am Joaquin
1294:
1287:
1267:
1260:
1253:
1246:
1241:The Rain God
1239:
1232:
1225:
1218:
1211:
1206:Desert Blood
1204:
1197:
1190:
1170:
1163:
1156:
1091:Pancho Claus
1066:Cal-Style VW
1048:Tejano music
1043:Chicano soul
1038:Chicano rock
926:
912:Farah strike
904:
892:
875:
713:Brown Berets
415:
367:
351:
243:), English (
110:
79:
56:Neomexicanos
44:Ethnic group
10999:Californios
10984:Los Angeles
10715:Chicano rap
10680:Chicano art
10642:Party crews
10603:Castro 2020
10591:Abolish ICE
10265:Puerto Rico
10215:by location
10118:In politics
9807:Costa Rican
9609:2010 census
9528:Multiethnic
8817:Californios
8683:before 1880
7586:Protestants
7548:By religion
7461:Immigration
7417:By economic
7120:|work=
6897:Crypto-Jews
6844:October 26,
6690:"Genealogy"
6098:December 8,
5968:Californios
5902:(1734–1736)
5886:Ken Salazar
5844:Pedro Perea
5746:Demi Lovato
5680:El Leoncito
5308:Indo-Fijian
5288:Bangladeshi
5283:South Asian
5253:Singaporean
5208:Sammarinese
5119:Palestinian
5044:New Zealand
5013:Montenegrin
5003:Micronesian
4993:Mauritanian
4988:Marshallese
4747:Indo-Fijian
4701:Hongkongese
4570:Indo-Fijian
4462:Costa Rican
4346:Cameroonian
4336:Californios
4218:Bangladeshi
4197:Azerbaijani
4104:By US state
3843:Syrian Jews
3712:Villalpando
3697:Vega y Coca
3634:Santisteban
3511:Mares/Marez
3430:Guadalajara
3191:Anglophones
3141:Confederate
3124:many wore.
3050:Taos Revolt
2984:Reconquista
2816:Comancheria
2786:US Route 66
2766:Albuquerque
2754:bilingually
2708:Californios
2629:Neomexicano
2556:Puerto Rico
2422:New Mexican
1908:Californios
1894:Multiethnic
1846:Los Angeles
1647:Balmy Alley
1528:Chicano art
1523:Chicana art
1460:Nahui Ollin
1033:Chicano rap
883:Castro 2020
871:Abolish ICE
443:Ute Peoples
356:Californios
11189:Categories
11051:New York (
11037:Nebraska (
11030:Michigan (
11023:Maryland (
11011:Illinois (
11004:Colorado (
10980:California
10490:Chicanismo
10427:La Matanza
10422:Korean War
10248:New Mexico
10228:California
10060:New Mexico
10055:New Jersey
10013:California
9982:Christians
9897:Venezuelan
9882:Paraguayan
9877:Ecuadorian
9832:Salvadoran
9827:Panamanian
9822:Nicaraguan
9812:Guatemalan
9736:Floridanos
9719:Californio
9536:Afro-Asian
9158:Potawatomi
8989:Chemehuevi
8193:South Asia
7655:Rastafaris
7613:Ahmadiyyas
7566:Christians
7441:Emigration
7419:and social
7268:2024-03-03
7262:Yahoo News
7217:2020-11-09
7172:January 3,
6764:5 February
6331:mythology.
6045:References
5997:New Mexico
5987:Floridanos
5966:Hispanos (
5648:Polly Baca
5533:Zimbabwean
5485:Vincentian
5480:Vietnamese
5475:Venezuelan
5357:Surinamese
5347:Sri Lankan
5323:Sri Lankan
5233:Senegalese
5198:Salvadoran
5144:Portuguese
5129:Paraguayan
5124:Panamanian
5049:Nicaraguan
4948:Macedonian
4937:Luxembourg
4927:Lithuanian
4769:Indonesian
4648:Guatemalan
4524:Ecuadorian
4319:Circassian
4233:Belarusian
4187:Australian
4077:, much of
4067:exit polls
3916:Río Grande
3811:New Mexico
3776:See also:
3616:Sáez/Sáenz
3514:Mascareñas
3499:Manzanares
3373:Candelaria
3367:Bustamante
3341:Archibeque
3229:Population
3219:Los Alamos
3161:California
3007:Amerindian
2971:Rio Grande
2868:californio
2758:patriotism
2752:, or both
2726:and later
2695:, and the
2659:including
2645:New Mexico
2484:Floridanos
2474:Californio
2449:Portuglish
2444:Portuguese
2357:Literature
1865:Nebraska (
1858:Michigan (
1851:Illinois (
1822:Population
1514:Visual Art
1507:Visual art
1120:Literature
1113:Literature
828:Quinto Sol
728:Chicanismo
653:La Matanza
595:Sonoratown
585:Mutualista
364:Floridanos
329:Protestant
126:New Mexico
11025:Baltimore
10992:San Diego
10851:Vergüenza
10800:Zoot suit
10775:Skull art
10290:Catalonia
10238:Louisiana
10018:San Diego
10001:By region
9892:Uruguayan
9872:Colombian
9862:Brazilian
9852:Argentine
9789:Nuyorican
9779:Dominican
9767:Caribbean
9566:Melungeon
9541:Amerasian
9267:Tsimshian
9074:Chochenyo
9019:Kitanemuk
8969:Menominee
8952:Tuscarora
8887:Chickasaw
8872:Blackfeet
8383:West Asia
8125:East Asia
7645:Neopagans
7571:Catholics
7561:Buddhists
7426:Affluence
7362:955185451
7212:0362-4331
7122:ignored (
7112:cite book
6873:cite news
6574:suvcw.org
6326:165469989
6318:1948-7142
6277:cite book
6266:989726266
5972:Genízaros
5454:Uruguayan
5449:Ukrainian
5393:Tanzanian
5318:Pakistani
5293:Bhutanese
5087:Pakistani
5076:Norwegian
5008:Mongolian
4973:Malaysian
4958:Maldivian
4851:Kashubian
4830:Jordanian
4717:Icelandic
4706:Hungarian
4674:Ethiopian
4643:Grenadian
4447:Congolese
4442:Colombian
4371:Caribbean
4341:Cambodian
4288:Bulgarian
4278:Brazilian
4258:Bermudian
4223:Barbadian
4167:Argentine
4079:Joe Biden
4055:preterite
4010:jury duty
3908:style of
3884:Puebloans
3752:Comanches
3736:genízaros
3700:Velásquez
3601:Rodríguez
3535:Mondragón
3436:Gutiérrez
3361:Benavides
3344:Archuleta
3087:squatting
2836:Apacheria
2812:New Spain
2762:Americana
2504:Nuyorican
2439:Spanglish
2390:Languages
1903:Blaxicans
1837:Arizona (
1638:Locations
1485:Vergüenza
1317:The Moths
1289:Emplumada
1199:Caballero
1096:Zoot suit
427:Puebloans
396:Spaniards
334:Judaism (
261:Jicarilla
253:Spanglish
227:Languages
174:130,362 (
152:202,011 (
130:338,297 (
11210:Hispanos
11059:Oklahoma
10969:Arizona
10831:Nepantla
10730:Lowrider
10386:Blaxican
10275:Asturias
10161:Category
10073:Portland
10065:New York
10040:Maryland
10030:Colorado
9938:Galician
9928:Canarian
9918:Asturian
9906:European
9887:Peruvian
9857:Bolivian
9817:Honduran
9546:Blaxican
9358:Chicanos
9252:Gwich'in
9200:Shoshone
9190:Seminole
9118:Muscogee
9091:Tataviam
9054:Suisunes
9004:Diegueño
8984:Cahuilla
8942:Onondaga
8922:Iroquois
8902:Comanche
8897:Colville
8882:Cheyenne
8877:Cherokee
7471:Language
7242:11 March
7086:Archived
6820:31545791
6758:Archived
6733:July 23,
6699:July 23,
6579:11 March
6505:July 23,
6499:Archived
6420:July 23,
6386:July 23,
6231:March 1,
6204:March 1,
6152:Archived
6135:Archived
6119:ProQuest
5992:Hispanic
5926:See also
5896:Coahuila
5549:Category
5522:Yugoslav
5428:Tunisian
5413:Togolese
5352:Sudanese
5340:Hispanos
5313:Nepalese
5243:Sicilian
5228:Scottish
5170:Moldovan
5165:Romanian
5134:Peruvian
5054:Nigerian
5039:Nepalese
5018:Moroccan
4953:Malawian
4912:Liberian
4907:Lebanese
4820:Japanese
4815:Jamaican
4737:Gujarati
4696:Honduran
4679:Eritrean
4658:Guyanese
4633:Ghanaian
4618:Galician
4613:Gabonese
4577:Filipino
4549:Estonian
4544:Eritrean
4529:Egyptian
4467:Croatian
4376:Garifuna
4356:Canarian
4351:Canadian
4324:Georgian
4268:Bolivian
4248:Beninese
4243:Belizean
4208:Bahamian
4192:Austrian
4182:Assyrian
4172:Armenian
4142:Algerian
4137:Albanian
4073:for the
4061:Politics
4039:Puebloan
3922:Saltillo
3905:Saltillo
3851:GEDmatch
3721:Ancestry
3715:Zamorano
3691:Vallejos
3679:Ulibarrí
3676:Trujillo
3652:Sisneros
3589:Quintana
3502:Martinez
3424:González
3412:Gabaldón
3409:Gallegos
3406:Espinosa
3403:Esquibel
3400:Encinias
3385:Cisneros
3347:Arellano
3326:Alderete
3320:Abendaño
3279:San Juan
3267:Mogollon
3247:Española
3239:Santa Fe
3235:Colorado
2952:Comanche
2887:Hispanic
2789:cruising
2782:Ranchero
2770:Santa Fe
2689:Republic
2653:Colorado
2637:Hispanic
2372:Religion
2212:Hispanic
2013:Category
1576:Los Four
1465:Nepantla
1076:Lowrider
958:Language
528:Concepts
487:Identity
459:Chicanos
439:Comanche
392:Mexicans
384:Chicanos
376:peoples:
370:Hispanic
315:Religion
218:32,630 (
196:42,568 (
148:Colorado
18:Hispanos
11136:Writers
11092:Tejanos
11090:Texas (
11084:Houston
11032:Detroit
11013:Chicago
10663:Culture
10376:Pachuco
10366:La Raza
10356:Chicano
10337:Chicano
10295:Galicia
10233:Florida
10171:Commons
10085:Houston
10069:Oregon
10035:Florida
10008:Arizona
9992:Muslims
9933:Catalan
9913:Spanish
9867:Chilean
9746:Chicano
9741:Mexican
9571:Mulatto
9377:Oceania
9272:Tlingit
9262:Iñupiat
9247:Alutiiq
9195:Shawnee
9180:Quechan
9064:Awaswas
9049:Serrano
9044:Salinan
9024:Luiseño
9014:Juaneño
9009:Esselen
8994:Chumash
8892:Choctaw
8862:Abenaki
7608:Muslims
7581:Mormons
7576:Coptics
7556:Baha'is
7491:Poverty
6811:6756731
5976:Tejanos
5444:Ugandan
5433:Turkish
5408:Tibetan
5398:Tejanos
5362:Swedish
5335:Spanish
5273:Sorbian
5263:Slovene
5238:Serbian
5177:Russian
5114:Palauan
5102:Punjabi
5097:Pashtun
4998:Mexican
4968:Maltese
4902:Latvian
4892:Laotian
4881:Kuwaiti
4876:Kurdish
4804:Ivorian
4799:Iu Mien
4794:Italian
4789:Israeli
4774:Iranian
4752:Punjabi
4732:Bengali
4686:Haitian
4653:Guinean
4623:Gambian
4597:Frisian
4582:Finnish
4560:Faroese
4534:English
4477:Cypriot
4457:Cossack
4420:Chinese
4415:Chilean
4366:Catalan
4309:Chechen
4293:Burmese
4283:British
4273:Bosnian
4238:Belgian
4152:Angolan
4083:Mexican
4069:by the
3951:Chimayó
3946:Chimayó
3941:Chimayó
3935:Vallero
3929:Trampas
3888:Moorish
3876:weaving
3862:Weaving
3857:Culture
3829:Seville
3748:Apaches
3744:Navajos
3740:Pueblos
3670:Torrado
3667:Tenorio
3637:Sedillo
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