Herman Berlinski - Knowledge

1020:(Pentecost), with melodies drawn from what are called in the Ashkenazic tradition Missinai tunes. Although, in view of the traditional association between each Mis-sinai tune and a specific day in the Jewish calendar, each movement can be performed as an independent prelude on the appropriate day, Frohbieter points out that, because of the way Berlinski has constructed it, the entire sinfonia "coheres as one grand work ... a work of concert organ repertoire", the implication being that this work has potential use both as a recital piece and within the synagogue liturgy. 997:(which Berlinski described as "... very brave, nice ... most conventional ... and not typically Jewish.") Principal organist Baker, he said, was filling the gap by drawing upon the output of Bach, Mendelssohn and some French composers; but as these had been written for a Christian context, Berlinski thought they did not relate well to the Jewish calendar, and he saw it as desirable that he write a prelude for each of the holy days and festivals in a way "that a piece dedicated to would use melodies which are part of that holiday celebration." 884:

the doctor why and what he fears, which in itself will not cure him. In the realistic portrayal of a world in disorder, the artist, at least, must have a vision of order. His art will otherwise become as chaotic as the world around and within himself. But the urge for mental organization and for order cannot be satisfied by any complicated, philosophical equation. The answers must be simple and they must be unsophisticated, because truth and simplicity seem to be closely related in our minds.

824:)) for chamber orchestra, written in 1941 and revised in 1995, has four movements, Prayer at Midnight, Procession, Legend, and Dance and is, as its subtitle suggests, related to the suite for string quartet and ondes Martenot which he composed in Paris in 1938. It also appeared later after several revisions as an Organ Suite also under the title, From the World of My Father, but with five movements listed in the HBMC catalogue as Prayer at Midnight (Chazoth), Air ( 1119:

placed them in three parts for the composition: I. Keter (crown), II. Tiferet (beauty), and III. Gevurah (might). The work is written for trumpets I, II, III; horns I, II, III, IV; trombones I, II, III; tuba; harps I, II; piano; celesta; timpani; percussion; organ; violins I, II; viola; violoncello and double bass. Facsimile copies of Sinfonia No. 4 are housed at the Library of Congress and the Library of the Jewish Theological Seminary.

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Peretz Suite: oboe or flute or clarinet and organ or piano, with an explanatory note from the composer, "From incidental music to stage plays by J.L. Peretz." According to the catalogue, there are four movements, Lament, Pastorale, Allegretto, and Song and finale, reflecting some parallels with the suite for clarinet and chamber orchestra mentioned in the previous paragraph.

2275:, Yale University Press, 2004, p. 72: "About 10,000 volunteered for duty, and over 100,000 out of a total German-Jewish population of 550,000 served during World War One. Some 78% saw front-line duty, 12,000 died in battle, over 30,000 received decorations, and 19,000 were promoted. Approximately 2,000 Jews became military officers and 1,200 became medical officers.") 842:) is for clarinet and chamber orchestra and has five movements, Lament, (Untitled), Mayouffes Dance Dance, Song, and Finale. Its date of composition is not known although the material would have originated from Berlinski's days in Paris. It was finally published in 1995 together with Suites Nos. 1 and 2 under the umbrella title, From the World of My Father: a 2521:, August 2007.) who migrated in 1937 at the age of 12 from Warsaw, Poland, to Paris, and was involved with the theatre from 1944 to 1983. This survey includes a description of the impact the German invasion of France and the establishment of the Vichy régime had on Jews living in Paris at that time. As this article indicates, the company was first called 1305:. Celan's prolific output included many works about the Holocaust. After the war he moved to Paris where, following many years of isolation and loneliness, he committed suicide in 1970. Berlinski constructed the work so poems are narrated between movements written for the solo piano. This dramatic work was first performed at Washington's 282:, and it is a sign of Berlinski's skills as a pianist that he gave the premiere performance in 1931 of Tveitt's dynamic First Piano Concerto. He graduated in 1932 with an honours degree. In the context of Leipzig's long involvement with European music, the strongest influences at that time on Berlinski's own composition style were 558:

composed. By 1954 he had been appointed as assistant organist at Emanu-El working with Saminsky as music director. He gave his first public recital the following year. He served there for a total of eight years, during which time he composed many works including choral and other liturgical music as well as organ pieces.

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A quick survey of Berlinski's works may suggest his propensity to dwell on Jewish suffering in general, and the Holocaust in particular. This drew leading American sociologist Joseph B Maier to ask him, "Could you tell me to what extent you are a composer concerned with the Holocaust, and how does it

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A quick glance through a catalogue of Berlinski's works, even the selective listing below, quickly reveals that his music covers a broad range of formats - symphonic and chamber works, solo works for the organ, song cycles, numerous liturgical choral works and oratorios. Many of these works have been

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Some years later the work was being assessed for performance at Emanu-El and was submitted for examination by several musicians including Leonard Bernstein, who noted it to be "a fine compromise between tradition and somewhat contemporary sounds." Subsequently, Berlinski orchestrated and expanded the

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organ. Robert Baker, an eminent musician and teacher who had succeeded Saminsky as Emanu-El's principal organist, gave the first performance in 1956, approved of the work, played it again the following year at the International Congress of Organists in London, and brought it to the public's attention

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The inclusion of sorrow and fear in the field of musical expression does not mean that one has to assume a continuously prophetical attitude with its implicit warning of approaching doom. Facing and including in music the realities surrounding us leaves us just at the point where the patient has told

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It was very moving to be there. Mr Berlinski was visibly moved by the process. It was obviously one of the highlights of his career. Not only was the music being recorded for the first time, but it was also being recorded for the first time in Germany. Before each piece was recorded, he would explain

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who was enthusiastic about contemporary music and who wanted the temple to be presenting the best sacred music in the city. Here he continued composing music for liturgical use as well as many other works, he was called upon widely to lecture and write on the subject of Jewish music, and he gave many

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Facing the high risk of internment, Berlinski and his wife obtained visas and finally sailed to the United States, arriving in 1941. With them, they took only fragments of the compositions that he had written for the Yiddish theatre which they had been able to save from their ransacked Paris home. He

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continued until early 1921 as Russia attempted to reclaim the territory that had belonged to it in the days of the empire. Furthermore, by contrast with the relative poverty he had experienced working as a factory labourer in Łódź, Boris Berlinski had been able to gain a stable income in Leipzig from

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This statement is based on the catalogue listing for the entry "From the World of My Father: a trilogy for chamber orchestra, chamber orchestra and 'cello, chamber orchestra and clarinet" held in The Herman Berlinski Music Collection (HBMC) of the Jewish Theological Seminary Library which says, "All

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In the international arena, the then Federal Republic of Germany awarded him the Order of Merit which he received from the President in 1995, followed by the Commander's Cross of the Order of Merit which he received in 2001. The award letter for the Commander's Cross cited Berlinski as having been a

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Auditorium in Independence, Missouri. Knoche was a collaborator and student of Jewish liturgical music interpretation with Berlinski. The tetragrammaton are the three Hebrew letters used to represent the name of God. Berlinski selected three emotive attributes from the Sefirot for Sinfonia No. 4 and

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Sinfonia No. 2, subtitled Holy days and festivals, has an earlier origin in Berlinski's compositions than No. 1, having been commenced in 1954, shortly after he was appointed to the staff of Emanu-El, and completed in 1956. According to Berlinski's explanation to Frohbieter, when he first arrived at

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His first major works written in New York were suites all published under the title, From the World of My Father, and drawn in part from material on the fragmentary scores which he had been able to rescue from his home in Paris, but mostly from his memory of the melodies that he had heard or written

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Having completed his master's degree program at JTSA, Berlinski undertook doctoral studies in composition there. A major setback occurred in 1958 when he had a heart attack from which he made recovery and was able to complete his doctorate in 1960. This made him the first person ever to be awarded a

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gained power in German politics, general restrictions, including their involvement in the arts, were imposed upon the Jews. In 1933, having gained a Polish passport at his father's urging, Berlinski returned to Łódź. However, he found himself disadvantaged by being unable to speak Polish, and he was

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The picture is similar with Max Reger whose organ works have long been in the mainstream of organists' repertoire, while his prolific output of solo piano music, concertos and other orchestral works, chamber music, choral works and lieder, with a small number of exceptions, has largely disappeared

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These two movements provide the parentheses for four others which reflect the breadth of Berlinski's inspiration and musical language, Movement 2, subtitled Motion and Silence, being just 28 bars in which phrase statements are followed by equal measures of silence, while Movement 3, Contemplation,

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Confusion may arise because there is another work carrying the title From the World of My Father: Suite No. 3, this one for oboe and organ. The HBMC catalogue shows it as having been written originally in 1938, rewritten in 1942 and revised in 1976, and it carries on the cover the alternate title,

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In any case, as Poland had regained its independent statehood, the Berlinskis retained their Polish nationality rather than facing the increasingly difficult task foreigners had in gaining German citizenship at that time, and with success made even less likely because they were Jews. In fact there

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The fourth movement, Light Motion, is a playful dance with strong reference to French symphonic organ writing, while the fifth movement, Pulsation, has a hypnotic repeated note pattern in the pedal part. According to Frohbieter, Berlinski drew a parallel between this movement and the heart attack

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It is clear then that Berlinski was not preoccupied with his own tribulations, nor lamenting those of his fellow Jews, or anyone else for that matter, who had suffered at the hands at the hands of others. His argument appears to be that, by remembering the pointless and unjustifiable outcomes of

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After his retirement in 1977, Berlinski remained in Washington and founded his own performing group, Shir Chadash Chorale, through which he was able to arrange the performance of much Jewish music in the city and the surrounding areas. This thirty-voice choir continued its work for eleven years,

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During those last years after Rabbi Gerstenfeld's death, requirements for Berlinski's liturgical music decreased, and he took the opportunity to compose larger vocal works and continued writing his sinfonias for organ with other instruments or singers. He lectured widely in the United States and

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A change in Berlinski's career occurred in 1951 when Yasser offered him organ lessons. As a result, he quickly demonstrated skill both as a recitalist and as a liturgical organist, setting the direction for the future both in terms of his professional appointments and the types of works which he

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Much of Berlinski's music expresses a sense of triumph in the face of affliction. His belief in that principle appears not only in the themes and ideas that he explored in his music but also in the way he lived. In view of the tortuous path that led him from his place of birth, Leipzig, via his

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It is perhaps of little importance whether this music is, in any sense of the word, Jewish. The work speaks in a contemporary musical language, but I think that I can never divest myself of the shadow of the Holocaust. The signature instrument of Judaism throughout Israel's history has been the

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It would be misguiding though to assume that either Berlinski's Jewish identity or his close involvement with writing music for the synagogue would or should limit the appeal of his works in any way. As Frohbieter commented: "His music transcends parochial boundaries, to touch the souls of all

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This is the century of mass destruction, of gas chambers, and the atomic bomb. Fear, sleeplessness, and melancholy have become the trademarks of our "displaced minds."... The projection of our own fears and worries, displaying and sharing them with those next to us, seems to alleviate our own

2328:(or Jewish High School) was added. It was set up so Jewish children would be able to observe the Sabbath and other Jewish holidays and festivals, a right that was being withheld within other schools. It operated until 1942 when all Jewish schools were closed by order of the German government. 742:(Out of the Depths)) for solo voice, choir and organ, had been commissioned by the Washington National Cathedral for the dedication of its last stained glass window. He had completed the work on 9 September, and it was first performed in the cathedral on 30 September, the day of his funeral. 1023:

Sinfonia No. 3, subtitled Sounds and Motions for Organ, is a secular work, in the sense that it was designed to explore the full range of expressive capabilities of the symphonic organ. It was written in 1961 and dedicated to New York organist Claire Cocci, at that time organist of the

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It is worth noting that Berlinski's childhood experience of synagogue music would have been in the context of the Jews of Central and Eastern Europe (called collectively the Ashkenazis or Ashkenazim), usually related to early migrants who moved eastward from the

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Considering the way Belinski had been treated by French authorities following his demobilization from the French Foreign Legion in 1940, leading to his urgent departure for the United States, it is ironic that he was decorated by the French Government with a

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in 1988, and in the same year the Hanukah oratorio, The Trumpets of Freedom, which he wrote for performance by his Chir Chadash Chorale and other forces in the Kennedy Centre. After the premiere of The Trumpets of Freedom, critic Joan Reinthaler wrote in

3606: 2261:), that the Jews were partly responsible for the German defeat. This accusation flew in the face of the truth because statistics showed that a large number of Jews fought in the German Army during that war, and more than 12,000 died during combat. (See 250:

scholarship, Herman Berlinski commenced study at the Leipzig Conservatory in 1926 at the age of 17. His first year majors were clarinet and conducting, with piano as his minor. The following year he changed his major to piano, with theory as his minor.

1863:(Tree of Life), oratorio for two actors, narrator, dancers, soprano, contralto, baritone, choir (SATB) and chamber orchestra (Text included poetry by Paul Celan, Kadya Molodowsky, Nelly Sachs, Karl Wolfskehl, and Jules Wein, and excerpts from the 1232:(In Remembrance of the Souls) which was commissioned by Ann and Donald Brown in memory of businessman Jules C. Winkelman, and its premiere was of excerpts only which were performed in 1998 at the Library of Congress for the sixtieth anniversary of 2733:

and had just joined the teaching staff of the Jewish Theological Seminary's Cantors Institute. Now formally known as the H. L. Miller Cantorial School, it was one of two music schools within the seminary, the other being the College of Jewish

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to classic Russian plays presented in Yiddish translation. He was soon appointed as music director, a role in which he continued until 1939, and for this group he directed plays or conducted, performed, arranged and composed incidental music.

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Between his arrival in 1963 and his retirement in 1977, Berlinski concentrated largely on writing liturgical music for use at the Reform Hebrew Congregation. Two notable exceptions are Sinfonia No. 4, The Tetragrammaton, and Sinfonia No. 5.

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parents' home country, Poland, to France which was then overtaken by Germany's Nazi forces, and finally to the United States, it is notable that he should have had the wisdom, insight and strength of purpose that would allow him to do so.

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Composition of Sinfonia No. 4, The Tetragrammaton for Organ and Orchestra, was started in New York, December 1962, and dated at final measure, 1 November 1965 (Washington, DC). The work is dedicated to Bethel Knoche, the organist at the

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Rabbi Gerstenfeld died in 1968, ending five years which Berlinski described as being "the most exciting and creative" of his life. Rabbi Gerstenfeld's widow paid tribute to her husband by commissioning Berlinski to write the oratorio,

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His choice of themes reveals much of the impact of Berlinski's own experience through the persecution of his fellow Jews and of the War itself, and of his escape to the United States. This is revealed in his own words on the subject:

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Berlinski's next major work was Symphonic Visions, for orchestra, which he started writing in 1949 and completed the following year. It has four movements which he called Sinfonias, each based on a biblical extracts, the first from

1502:(1948) Hassidic Suite for cello and piano (rev. 1948-1969 as Hassidic Suite for cello and organ. Also published as From the World of My Father, Suite No. 2 for cello and piano, and arranged in 1995 for cello and chamber orchestra) 2612:

The Jewish Music Forum referred to here was founded in 1939 by Abraham Wolfe Binder and continued until 1963, when it became the Jewish Liturgical Society of America, and then in 1974 was reorganised as the American Society for

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tradition. These tunes were allocated for use in the synagogue only on their own specific holy day or festival and with words associated with that day. For a brief description, see Friedmann, Jonathan L.. "Songs from Sinai" in

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Works from the earliest stage of his retirement include: a song cycle, Dost thou sleep, my brother Abel? (1979–1980); A Psalm of unity, commissioned in 1980 for the choir of St Margaret's Episcopal Church, Washington DC;

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Jewish music. Working with Weisgall and in the climate of the seminary provided an ideal stimulus for Berlinski to further explore and express his Jewish background, which in turn became more recognizable in his music.

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trumpet. The trumpets of this first movement are not the trumpets of the High Holidays. They are not trumpets of joy. The trumpets in Sinfonia No. 3 are trumpets of the Holocaust. They spell doom in cataclysmic events.

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In 1969 Berlinski began his Sinfonia No. 10 for cello and organ, completing it in 1976. It has two movements, the second of which is a theme and set of variations based on the traditional memorial prayer melody,

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Sinfonia No. 5 for organ was composed between 1964 and 1968 and like the previous sinfonia was dedicated to Bethel Knoche, who premiered the work on the Auditorium organ in Independence, Missouri, on 6 May 1967.

1381:'s fame as a pianist and his enormous output of virtuosic works for this instrument have distracted attention from his orchestral tone poems and symphonies, choral works and oratorios, chamber music and lieder. 2472:

in the later 6th century BCE. As a result, their music has a close relationship to that of the non-Jewish populations in those areas, and the free-flowing chant used in Eastern European synagogues is based on

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A question regarding the inspiration of this work, by contrast with the overtly Jewish content of Sinfonias Nos. 1 and 2, comes into focus, however, when considering Berlinski's own explanation of Movement 1:

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who had been driven out of their own countries. This was highly influential on the development of his own music style and introduced him to many themes and ideas which he later explored in his compositions.

1715:(1967, rev. 1986) And her children rise up and call her blessed, cantata for soprano, contralto, baritone, tenor, choir (SATB), percussion, timpani, harp, harpsichord and organ (Texts from The Bible, the 3389:

A recording of this work by flautist Frances Shelly and organist Steven Egler was broadcast on APM's Pipedreams program and can be accessed online. The recording is listed below under Recorded Works.

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I cannot suppress a continuous urge to come back to it again and again. I may be haunted by the fear that time will mollify the intensity of our memory, that the event will be forgotten altogether.

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honoured him with the Marjorie Peabody Waite Award, the citation reading: "Herman Berlinski is among the few 20th-century composers who have produced a significant body of music for the organ ..."

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The work has six movements entitled Trumpets, Motion and Silence, Contemplation, Light Motion, Pulsation, and Polymodal Sounds and Motions, and Berlinski employs a variety of techniques - changing

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From 1934 onwards, Berlinski became involved with a Jewish art theatre group known as the Paris Yiddish Avant-Garde Theatre (PIAT or PYAT) and made up largely of immigrants formerly involved with

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Parallels can be drawn between Berlinski and other composers whose reputations have been built so strongly on one part of their output that other equally important aspects have been ignored.

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According to an article entitled "The Myth of the 93 Cracow Girls Who Took Their Lives in the Holocaust Exposed" by Ezra Reichman which appeared in the Orthodox Jewish community's newspaper

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II. Here amen must be said, this crowning of words which moves into hiding and peace. You great eyelid closing on all unrest, your heavenly wreath of lashes, you most gentle of all births. "

357:. Although he valued Boulanger's training, Berlinski eventually found some of her musical ideas incompatible with his own, discontinued studies with her after two years, and enrolled at the 3475:, commented that he wasn't aware of Liszt having written "such pretty songs", his only contribution to music being "piano fingerings". Apparently Lehmann was not amused. (Perényi, Eleanor. 2841: 716:

and to whom the sinfonia was dedicated, greeted Berlinski in a speech at the conclusion of the concert as "his spiritual father and his music as a link between Judaism and Christianity."

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Berlinski was in danger not only because he was a Jew, but also because, in his early college days, he had composed music for a political cabaret ... writing music of a satirical nature.

1980:(These Holy Ten Commandments), for tenor, baritone, narrator, chorus, two trumpets, percussion, celeste and organ (Text from the Ten Commandments, the High Holiday Prayerbook and the 31: 2419: 3505:, Vol. 18, includes almost five columns of compositions including 35 works for orchestra and long lists of chamber works, piano pieces, partsongs, solo songs and so on (pp. 72-74) 1400:

have been in frequent use by choirs around the world, also wrote many other types of works - for orchestra, piano, chamber ensemble and so on - which have been all but forgotten.

932:... the cantata offers a range of musical expression quite unexpected in the usually tradition-laden realm of liturgical writing. As a composition it is free and easy-going ..., 3514:

Howells' output includes eleven orchestral works including two piano concertos and a violin concerto, 12 chamber works, and several solo works for the organ and the piano. (See

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Herman Berlinski's deep involvement with Jewish liturgical music meant that his compositions didn't get the attention they deserve on the wider stage of concerts and recordings.

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a statement which could be read as implying that labelling this or other works by Berlinski as strictly "liturgical" might limit their ability to attract a broader audience.

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which were driven principally by a radical increase in pan-German nationalism, and the rise of Nazism in 1933. For a detailed examination of this period, see Pulzer, Peter.

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Kahn, Eliott. "Remembrance and Renewal: Interview with Sina Berlinski", excerpts of a conversation between the late composer's wife and JTS music archivist Eliott Kahn in

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IV. Only death draws out of them the truth of misery, these recurring rhymes cut out of night's blackness, these reed exercises at the end of the organ of sounds. "

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which are used in Ashkenazic cantorial improvisation and take their names from the first words of the prayer with which they are most often used. The first is an

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of the music in this Trilogy is either adapted or copied from music Herman Berlinski wrote for the Paris Jewish Avant-Garde Theatre (PIAT) between 1934 and 1939.

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region, all classified together as speakers of their own composite language, Yiddish in one of its dialectical forms. Their links can be traced to the earliest

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builder of "many lasting bridges over the Atlantic", significant recognition from a former enemy against whom Berlinski had fought during the Second World War.

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which he had experienced four years before writing this work, with the abrupt ending of its first section representing the moment of the cardiac arrest itself.

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synagogues. Through Rudinow he was introduced to the then-named Jewish Music Forum, a body which was set up to promote the study and analysis of all aspects of

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in which historic 1929 pipework was retained. Information about this organ and its changes, including detailed listings of the specifications, can be found in

792:, for piano, also written in 1938, now exists in a revised version dated 1945 and held in The Herman Berlinski Music Collection (HBMC) at The Library of JTSA. 471:. Thus, when Berlinski was demobilized in that same year, he received a certificate which declared him to be a "foreigner who had no right to work in France." 703:)), for organ, choir, soprano, tenor, baritone, two trumpets and percussion, received its world premiere in the Leipzig Thomaskirche, and was repeated at the 2284:

The Jews were just one, although the largest, of several minorities who were treated in this way by the mainstream of German society between the time of the

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With his new Hanukah oratorio ... Herman Berlinski has affirmed his conviction that it is as important to celebrate victories as it is to remember tragedies.

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His first major solo organ composition, The Burning Bush, illustrates this well, having been commissioned for use on Emanu-El's newly restored and extended

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and gained from him an understanding of rhythmic and harmonic techniques which would affect his approach to using Jewish melodic forms in his later works.

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As we have noted in the previous paragraph, this work is a setting of the Friday-evening synagogue service, not a "cantata" as Dudious describes it here.

2858: 2207: 1255:, a tribute to a man who had been executed by the Nazis during the Second World War, for which other sections were co-commissioned from German composers 812:. It will remain with me the rest of my life - for every sound in it evokes in me a name, a face, a smile, or a lament. If that is sentimental, so be it! 712:

with Berlinski present. In Munich the work received a standing ovation, and Professor Robert Helmschrott who was then President and Rector of the Munich

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and to organize the performance of new music, and he became an invited member in 1944. There he met key musicians, composers and musicologists including

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Apart from the handful of scores that Berlinski was able to carry with him from Paris, nothing else seems to have survived the destruction of the War.

487:, Berlinski was reunited with his father who had escaped earlier from Germany, and other family members who had migrated from Łódź and were living in 3899: 3814: 3304: 2147:, organ; Avner Itai, conductor (Naxos 8.559446; Milken Archive Digital, Echoes of Ecstasy, Volume 7, Masterworks of Prayer: Art in Worship. MAV0705) 2730: 2838: 866:. The first three movements are centred on the themes of threat, destruction and war, while the final movement declares the blessing of new life. 755:

There is no evidence of anything that Berlinski composed in Leipzig except in a comment made by Ann Williams Frohbieter in her doctoral thesis at

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at the same time he was receiving the Ten Commandments from God. Musicologically, these tunes are traceable to the synagogues along the Rhine,

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A recording listed below under Recorded Works is on Vol. 1 of the Darkness & Light Series issued by Albany Records in association with the

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probably came about because Daniel-Lesur, whose mother was a virtuoso performer on the instrument, had introduced Berlinski to its inventor

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A valuable picture of Jewish life in Paris and of the PIAT is painted in an article by Cyril Robinson about Yiddish actor Gerard Frydman, (

1351: 565:(JTSA) where he engaged in a musicological analysis of the origins and practices of ancient Jewish music. He also studied composition with 2417: 1747:(1968–1972, rev. 1984–1985) Job, a music drama for two speaking voices, five soloists, choir (SATB) and orchestra (Texts from The Bible ( 1740:(Days of Awe), cantata for narrator, tenor or baritone, choir (SATB), clarinet, trumpets, organ, timpani, percussion and shofar (Text by 1411:

I don't think I can write a piece of music, no matter what I do and what I will try, that does not have the stamp of my Jewish existence.

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The second suite, written in 1948, existed first in a version for cello and piano. Subtitled Dialogues, it has four movements, Dialogue,

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The original organ installed in 1929 was Casavant Frères' Op. 1322. The restoration and extension carried out in 1956 was performed by

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once said, 'Memory is our strongest weapon.' I do not need the Holocaust to create music. Those who have been silenced by it need us.

2059:, bass; Olaf Georgi, flute; Bernhard Hentrich, cello; Holger Miersch, celesta; Hermann Berlinski, organ; Martin Homann, percussion; 808:

This was the music of my father's generation, now dedicated to the actors and actresses of the PIAT - almost all of them victims of

448:. At the end of almost a year, he was one of only 250 survivors out of 1,250 who had been assigned to battle on the Belgian border. 3884: 3874: 3854: 3824: 3015: 2285: 1925:(In Remembrance of the Soul), memorial cantata for soprano, contralto, tenor, baritone, flute, percussion, string quartet and organ 816:

Under this general title, From the World of My Father, there are several suites for various instrumentations. The first (subtitled

727:

for his artistic achievements and his contribution to interfaith dialogue. (See below under Awards and Tributes for more details.)

3151: 2996: 2910: 2264: 3879: 1306: 235: 3012:

A recording of this work by Herndon Spillman, organ (Titanic CD-205) was broadcast on Pipedreams and can be accessed online via

2082:; Gerard Schwarz, conductor (Naxos 8.559446; Milken Archive Digital, Volume 6, Echoes of Ecstasy: Hassidic Inspiration. MAV0601) 1278:

Also in 1993, when he was commissioned to write a work for the groundbreaking ceremony for the synagogue about to be rebuilt in

204:", thereby stripping them of any citizenship and eliminating any rights they had as foreigners legally resident in the country. 918: 773:, a theatrical piece for string quartet and ondes Martenot, which he wrote in 1938 and which had its premiere that year in the 617:

Europe through his later career. Commitments included sessions at the Mendelssohn Academy in Leipzig under the auspices of the

562: 2497: 305:

where he heard repertoire largely centred on the period from J.S. Bach to Reger. Having overheard Berlinski rehearsing Bach's

3869: 3819: 3789: 3084: 897:

There is no other work like The Burning Bush written for the organ. The piece employed a rhapsodic, fiery, twentieth-century

3844: 3794: 1987:(2001) Celan, for piano and narrator (Poetry by Paul Celan is read by the narrator between each of the work's 13 movements) 1328: 1164:

V. Footsteps - Which turn time ravenous emblazing the hour with wolves extinguishing the flight in the fugitive's blood. "

875:

suffering, making us realize that, although we are individuals, we are also part of a mass of people with similar emotions.

3740:

The Herman Berlinski Music Collection (HBMC) at The Library of The Jewish Theological Seminary of America, New York (JTSA)

2408:

Sina Berlinski née Goldfein was born in Leipzig on 27 August 1910. for more information about her, see Schinköth, Thomas.

1586:(1955–1956, 1967) Sinfonia No. 1: Litanies for the persecuted, for narrator, contralto and organ (Texts from the litany, " 346: 3909: 3804: 3681: 226:

Deborah Berlinski died in 1920 leaving the children in the care of their father who never remarried. After observing the

1590:" (This, I will remember) by Shlomo Ephraim ben Aaron of Łęczyca, Psalm 94, Jeremiah 4 and poems by Solomon ibn Gabirol) 2636: 1150:

III. The blood's circulation weeps toward its spiritual sea there where the blue flame of agony bursts through night. "

3536:

Maier was formerly Professor of Sociology at Rutgers University, New Jersey, until his retirement. He is now deceased.

3429:

This is quoted by Frohbieter (p. 16) and sourced from Marylou Kratzenstein. "The Organ Works of Herman Berlinski", in

2322:

began in 1912 as a primary-level school. By the beginning of the following year a secondary level school known as the

1096:

In 'Contemplation' I have composed a prayer which cannot be found in any liturgy. The music itself becomes the prayer.

3774: 3343: 2962:

The HBMC catalogue relates this suite directly to the suite for string quartet and ondes Martenot as mentioned above.

1867:

and the High Holiday Prayerbook) (In the 1995 revision, Berlinski included sections from The Beadle of Prague (1983))

515: 3119: 2757:

Raphael, Marc Lee. "From Anti-Zionist to champion of Israel: The metamorphosis of Reform Rabbi Norman Gerstenfeld."

219:

at home. Their mother arranged piano lessons for each of them, Herman's starting at age six. He was educated at the

3286:

It is often referred to as the "Jewish scale" because it has been so closely identified with music in this context.

3277:, a reference to the fact that this mode is an altered form of the Phrygian mode derived from the Classical Greeks. 2889: 948:

In 1967, Berlinski finished a work begun in 1955-1956 by using some of the material which he had incorporated into

618: 1617:(1959) Three Sacred Songs, for high voice and organ or piano (Texts in Hebrew and English from the Hebrew liturgy) 510:

A significant event in Berlinski's professional development was a meeting with Moshe Rudinow who was at that time

169: 3889: 3839: 200:

was a strong probability, based on the experience of others, that the German authorities would classify them as "

682:

as part of its Milken Archive of American Jewish Music series. Richard Sandler, Executive Vice President of the

3367:

This was published in 1967 after Nelly Sachs received the Nobel Prize for Literature which she has shared with

2972: 2798: 2685: 591: 2868: 2712: 2669: 2628: 2366:

This was contrary to his father's direction given because he was engaging in an activity inappropriate to the

2044:

8.559430; Milken Archive Digital, Echoes of Ecstasy, Volume 7, Masterworks of Prayer: Art in Worship. MAV0705)

1056:

Likewise, the last movement, with the arresting subtitle Polymodal Sounds and Motions, a set of variations in

569:, an experienced composer who was descended from a long line of cantors and was interested in both sacred and 3859: 3849: 2770:"Mendelssohn Academy" in this case is a reference to the University of Music and Theatre Leipzig (in German, 2698: 664: 321:

to have access to this program, and as he was not prepared to take that step, the idea proceeded no further.

234:, Herman began private piano lessons under Bronya Gottlieb, a Polish-born woman and a gifted graduate of the 3210:

Rivers in the period 11th-15th centuries, bear melodic and structural relationships to so-called monophonic

2744: 2544: 1290:). In 1995 he revised his unfinished 1983 cantata, The Beadle of Prague, incorporating it into the oratorio 993:

Emanu-El, there was no Jewish organ music suitable for use as preludes to worship apart from some pieces by

2653: 2340:

means literally "twelve months", the required period of formal mourning for sons in the Orthodox tradition.

2144: 424: 2617: 207:

Herman Berlinski, born there on 18 August 1910, was the last of six children. They were brought up in the

3296: 3031: 2465: 1339: 561:

In 1953, while continuing his organ studies with Yasser, Berlinski undertook postgraduate studies at the

3641:

The Religious Significance of Herman Berlinski's Music: A Dialogue Between Joseph Maier and the Composer

3547:

The Religious Significance of Herman Berlinski's Music: A Dialogue between Joseph Maier and the Composer

2388: 1297:

A work of particular interest is called Celan, for narrator and piano, written in 2001 in memory of the

1028:, who had already heard The Burning Bush. She gave the premiere performance in New York that same year. 613:. Berlinski continued as minister of music at the Washington Congregation until his retirement in 1977. 317:, offered him organ lessons at the institute. But because it was a prerequisite that Berlinski become a 2125: 1748: 1709: 1072:(the first line of that prayer in translation begins, "With abounding love hast thou loved us ...") or 547: 428: 302: 478: 3919: 3613:

The Musical Tradition of the Eastern European Synagogue: Vol. 1, Introduction: History and Definition

3225:

The Musical Tradition of the Eastern European Synagogue: Vol. 1, Introduction: History and Definition

2640: 1725: 1628: 1389: 1036: 953: 468: 335: 3214:, and also carry elements of Burgundian polyphony and German folk and secular songs, especially the 3194:'Missinai' means, literally, "from Sinai", a reference to the belief that these tunes were given to 2761:, Vol II, 2000. Tel Aviv University. pp. 109–132. Published online by JSTOR . Accessed 26 Jan. 2020. 2526: 1807:(1976) David's harp, cantata for choir (SATB), baritone and organ (Text by Rabbi Victor E. Reichert) 1583:(Sanctification of the Name of God), for cantor (baritone), solo voices, choir (SATB) and orchestra 731: 683: 255: 2594: 2481:) associated with the ancient Greeks, but probably with other, and seemingly older, origins. (See 1712:

Festival cantata, for choir (SATB), baritone, soprano, contralto, organ, 2 trumpets and percussion

1136:

I. Footsteps – Age-old game of hangman and victim, persecutor and persecuted, hunter and hunted. "

148:

Before he was born, Herman Berlinski's parents, Boris and Deborah Wygodzki Berlinski lived in the

3106: 2258: 2113: 2064: 2025: 1741: 1256: 1187: 1065: 909:

for cantor, choir and organ, which had been commissioned by Cantor David Putterman of New York's

551: 157: 1194:, K. 522 (1983); Adagietto for flute and organ, and a Sonata for violin and piano: Le violon de 3704: 2350: 1283: 893:

by including it later in many of his recital programs. Frohbieter said in her doctoral thesis:

724: 381: 362: 227: 184: 3052: 2729:

in 1917, migrated to the U.S in 1923, and when he met Berlinski he was organist at New York's

1324:

which he received in 1958. This assisted him in undertaking extensive musicological research.

1126:

This is a five movement work in which each movement is based on an excerpt from the poetry of

164:

against the Russian rule had led to many uprisings. The largest of these, commonly called the

3027: 2859:"Back to Berlin: German Jewish composer Herman Berlinski returns to the country of his birth" 1539: 1397: 1335: 1025: 981: 910: 609: 445: 283: 1076:

when used in Jewish liturgical prayer recitation and in Klezmer music. The second is called

3764: 3759: 3149: 2574: 1694:, tenor or baritone, choir (SATB), two trumpets and organ (Used in 1968 as 1st movement of 1673:(1963) Entreat me not, for contralto, choir (SATB) and organ or piano (Text from Ruth 1:16) 964:, the Book of Jeremiah, and Psalm 94. It has nine movements. Frohbieter says of this work: 570: 535: 475:

would eventually draw on this material for works that he wrote after arriving in New York.

8: 3044: 2726: 2478: 2474: 2060: 1786: 1416:

mankind." In other words, Berlinski's music has something worthwhile to say to everyone.

1248: 1236:. He wrote a Cello Concerto between 1992 and 1994, a work which has yet to be performed. 1217: 1206: 1140:." (That the persecuted may not become persecutors). From "In the Habitations of Death". 1115: 985: 961: 835:, Nigun, and Wedding Dance. Later Berlinski arranged it for cello and chamber orchestra. 638: 600: 435: 384:. Through Daniel-Lesur he met other young composers who were members of the group called 377: 306: 301:

liturgical music and the organ arose from attending Friday evening concerts at Leipzig's

3607:

The Jewish Theological Seminary - Remembrance and Renewal: Interview with Sina Berlinski

3070:

A brief note about Baker can be found in Gotwals, Vernon. "Baker, Robert, S(tevens)" in

3013: 1635:(This, I will remember), for cantor (tenor or baritone), choir (SATB) and piano or organ 1168:" (That the persecuted may not become persecutors). From "In the Habitations of Death". 976:

She then quotes Berlinski explaining something of the techniques on which he had drawn:

3368: 2994: 2902: 2262: 1758:(1968, rev. 1979) Sinfonia No. 6: Prayers for the night, for organ, strings and timpani 1528: 901:

and was the first serious Jewish work to be composed for the concert organ repertoire."

595: 324: 259: 165: 2815:

Levy, Claudia (28 September 2001). "Herman Berlinski Dies; Composer Of Jewish Works".

2562: 1133:

Berlinski recorded the poetry excerpts on his score against each movement as follows:

889: 267: 2319: 2253:), accelerated after the war as certain elements alleged (under what is now known as 2179: 2168: 2056: 1970: 1915: 1834: 1818: 1716: 1535: 994: 543: 416: 338:

within which he was living. Finally, when called up for military service, he fled to

220: 188: 3223:. September 2009. For a more detailed musicological examination, see Kalib, Sholom. 2249:

Anti-semitic attitudes, degrees of which had always operated in German society (See

846:

for chamber orchestra, chamber orchestra and cello, chamber orchestra and clarinet.

373: 3634:

To Worship God Properly: Tensions Between Liturgical Custom and Halakhah in Judaism

2494: 2469: 2090: 2079: 2029: 1826: 1614:(Friday Evening Service), for cantor (high or medium voice), choir (SATB) and organ 1321: 859: 782: 700: 587: 479:

Life in New York City; advanced studies; professional development and career change

452: 397: 389: 216: 212: 73: 2273:

Hitler's Jewish Soldiers: How One of Hitler's Soldiers Saved the Lubavitcher Rebbe

1881:(1983) The Beadle of Prague (Later adapted to become part of the 1995 revision of 905:

In 1958 Berlinski completed another major work, a Friday-evening service entitled

3211: 3155: 3123: 3113: 3058: 3019: 3000: 2845: 2802: 2673: 2632: 2621: 2600: 2581: 2550: 2532: 2501: 2453: 2423: 2354: 2302: 2268: 2237: 2196: 2189: 2140: 2109: 1801: 1702: 1534:(1950, rev. 1985) Return, a cycle of four songs for baritone and piano (Poems by 1509: 1489: 1393: 1000:

Hence this sinfonia is made up of five movements, one for each of the holy days,

988:, I have expanded my harmonic palette considerably beyond the scope of Max Reger. 969: 832: 756: 539: 496: 412: 404: 393: 385: 358: 350: 101: 3347: 2984:

Plays by Isaac Leib Peretz were among those being performed at PIAT - see above.

1043:, dramatic gestures and sudden silences - to express his thoughts and feelings. 3560: 3456: 2863: 2233: 2164: 2143:, baritone; James Ghigi, trumpet; Stephen Keavy, trumpet; Tim Roseman, shofar; 2037: 2011: 1848:, for mixed choir, organ, soprano, two contraltos and mezzo-soprano (Text from 1838: 1830: 1679:(1964) Sing joyfully, for choir (SATB), organ and obligato trumpet (Texts from 1656: 1338:

Medal of Excellence, followed in 1995 by a Lifetime Achievement Award from the

1264: 940: 778: 769: 671: 656: 519: 500: 208: 2993:

Berlinski, writing in detail about this work, Symphonic Visions, is quoted in

1936:), cantata for soprano, baritone, choir (SATB), flute, cello, organ, celesta, 774: 734:

on 27 September 2001 after heart attacks and a stroke. His final composition,

3753: 3464: 3117: 3116:. For information about recordings of Putterman on the RCA Victor label, see 2624:, an organisation which still exists. The organisation currently called the 2482: 2041: 1814: 1777: 1458: 1454:(rev. 1982 as From the World of My Father: Suite for organ in five movements) 1210: 1174: 863: 809: 785:. Having heard the work, Daniel-Lesur became a major advocate for Berlinski. 566: 531: 504: 484: 366: 354: 287: 201: 3380:

Berlinski's own recording of this work is listed below under Recorded Works.

2032:, soprano; Elizabeth Shammash, mezzo-soprano and cantor; Ernst Senff Choir; 1433:

persecution, humankind may be motivated to avoid the same stumbling blocks.

939:

For his doctoral dissertation at JTSA, Berlinski composed a large oratorio,

691:

to the performers in German what the prayer was about. They were fascinated.

3830:

Commanders Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany

3653:

Straus, Joseph N. "The Myth of Serial "Tyranny" in the 1950s and 1960s" in

3203: 2183: 1822: 1597: 1547: 1543: 1272: 1195: 1089: 1001: 957: 924:

Writing after the first recording of this work, critic Max Dudious said in

898: 720: 527: 523: 456: 441: 310: 279: 271: 263: 1790:), for narrator, contralto, organ, ten instruments, percussion and timpani 1068:

which is of widespread use in middle eastern music, and known commonly as

879:

As he sees it, however, the artist has an important role to play in this:

499:

was born there in 1942. Berlinski first earned a living by giving private

153: 3199: 2457: 2410:

Sehnsucht nach Menschlichkeit: Gedanken über die Pianistin Sina Berlinski

2290:

Jews and the German State: The Political History of a Minority, 1848-1933

2250: 2136: 1773:), for organ ((1995–1996) Scored as a symphonic poem for large orchestra) 1561: 1499:, Jessie Ward Haywood, Annie Hatch Boornazian, and Jessie Wilmore Murton) 1425: 1378: 1127: 679: 460: 298: 193: 180: 3588:, Herman Berlinski Collection of the Jewish Theological Seminary, 1989. 3023: 2635:

was founded in 2004 under the auspices of ASJM in association with the

1944:

and gongs (Text from the Song of Songs (Buber-Rosenzweig translation);

1937: 1908: 1730: 1607:, for cantor (medium-voice), soprano, contralto, choir (SATB) and organ 1524: 1496: 1302: 1260: 1005: 488: 330: 318: 275: 132: 125: 2772:

Hochschule für Musik und Theater "Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy" Leipzig

1800:, cantata for narrator, baritone, soprano, organ and bells (Text from 436:

Military service in France; Nazi invasion; escape to the United States

3472: 3215: 1945: 1853: 1849: 1554: 1523:(1950–1979) Four "Irreverent" Songs, for soprano and piano (Poems by 1040: 735: 492: 464: 459:

collaborated with the invaders by declaring certain groups including

369: 291: 2795: 1997:), for choir (SATB), mezzo-soprano, narrator, trumpet solo and organ 1474:(1941, rev. 1995) From the World of My Father, for chamber orchestra 917:

work for a concert performance conducted by Bernstein at New York's

444:

in 1939, Berlinski offered to enter military service and joined the

325:

Emigration to Paris; further music studies; professional involvement

3717:

Recorded archive held by the Milken Archive of Jewish Music (MAJM).

2666: 2625: 1941: 1864: 1766: 1680: 1621: 1451: 1404:

inspired by ideas related to his Jewish background and experience.

1057: 1017: 855: 652: 626: 411:. Their repertoire ranged from works by Jewish playwrights such as 247: 117: 113: 30: 3692: 3720:

Berlinski, Herman (Interview by Neil W. Levin and Barry Serota).

3713:

Berlinski, Herman (Interview by Neil W. Levin and Barry Serota).

3625:

Kratzenstein, Marilou. "The Organ Works of Herman Berlinski", in

3411:

Donald A Brown died on 6 March 2019. His wife Ann is still alive.

2783: 2367: 1684: 1517: 1513: 1485: 1298: 1279: 1060:

form, derives its thematic material from modes called in Yiddish

1009: 913:

who was cantor in its first performance there in that same year.

843: 839: 408: 176: 160:

was well underway in Russia from 1905, and growing discontent in

121: 54: 2953:

The recording of this work is listed below under Recorded Works.

2725:

Also born in Łódź, Yasser had graduated as an organist from the

2667:"The Jewish Theological Seminary - THE JOSEPH YASSER COLLECTION" 2213:

Asahi Orchestra of Tokyo; Richard Korn, conductor (CRI NWCRL115)

1457:(1938, rev. 1945) Allegretto grazioso con variazioni: Hommage à 1388:

Even closer to Berlinski's own situation, British composers Sir

980:

The music is expressive of the text. Under the influence of the

313:, then cantor at the Thomaskirche and professor of organ at the 274:) and Max Hochkofler (conducting). Fellow students included the 112:(18 August 1910 – 27 September 2001) was a German-born American 3745:

A Life in Music: Herman Berlinski Donates Collection to Library

3564:(27 April 2009), this book and the story behind it are a fraud. 3207: 3107:

orhttp://yiddishmusic.jewniverse.info/puttermandavid/index.html

2614: 2461: 2105: 1903: 1797: 1691: 1495:(1948) The City, four songs for high voice and piano (Poems by 1268: 1032: 1013: 704: 511: 161: 3602:, Vol 9, Macmillan Publishers Limited, 1980, pp. 614–645. 2535:

More information about PIAT is available in Rosenberg, Pnina.

1576:(1954–1956) Sinfonia No. 2: Holy days and festivals, for organ 3195: 2449: 2380: 1481: 1468: 825: 339: 129: 3083:

The International Congress of Organists is organised by the

1286:, he reworked in German his oratorio, Job (under the title, 546:

performing his new works including a piano reduction of his

542:. He also heard there the then young and relatively unknown 3715:

Herman Berlinski, Pt. 1: Family Background and Early Years.

3618:

Kennedy, Michael and Bourne, Joyce. "Berlinski, Herman" in

3371:

the previous year. It was her first publication in English.

1666:, for cello and organ (Used in 1968 as the 2nd movement of 1008:(the Day of Atonement), and one for each of the festivals, 149: 3420:"Celan" was a pseudonym; his legal name was Paul Antschel. 3047:. The current organ was the result of work carried out by 1676:(1964) Sinfonia No. 5: On poetry by Nelly Sachs, for organ 315:

Institut der Evangelisch-Lutherischen Landeskirche Sachsen

2438:, Vol 9, Macmillan Publishers Limited, 1980, pp. 614-634. 2324: 2155:

Lori Barnet, cello; Herman Berlinski, organ (CRI NWCR839)

1841:, Eliyahu (Eliahu or Eliah) Rudiakow and Lottie Rudiakow) 1317:

Berlinski received many awards, honours and fellowships.

3657:, Oxford University Press, Vol. 83, No. 3, Autumn, 1999. 2515:

Gerard Frydman, his Life in the Yiddish Theater in Paris

2434:"Jewish music: I. Liturgical", in Sadie, Stanley (Ed.). 2318:

This school, named after its founder, German-born rabbi

345:

Soon after arriving in Paris, Berlinski enrolled at the

1480:(1946–1948, 1971. German version 1974) Sinfonia No. 7: 804:

in that period before the War. As Berlinski explained:

246:

Having shown early talent in music and after winning a

3087:

which has 90 affiliated associations around the world.

2108:; Elizabeth S. Berke, cantor; Kathinka Lorger, organ; 1596:(1956) Entreat me not, for choir and organ (Text from 1130:

taken from the collection entitled "O The Chimneys".

719:

His last visit to Germany was early in 2001 after the

143: 1817:?, song cycle for soprano, flute and cello (Texts by 1755:

by Moses Buttenwieser, and the poetry of Nelly Sachs)

1638:(1962) Sinfonia No. 3 (Sounds and motions), for organ 1201:

Major works of this period included two commissions,

2829:

This recording is listed below under Recorded Works.

2124:

Donald Boothman, baritone; Herman Berlinski, piano (

2087:

From the World of My Father: Suite No 2 (Dialogues)

241: 85:

Composer, organist, musicologist and choir conductor

2759:

Michael: On the History of the Jews in the Diaspora

2208:

Barcelona Symphony and Catalonia National Orchestra

674:to Berlin to participate in the first recording of 550:. He studied composition with Messiaen at the 1948 2593:For a listing of some of the leading cantors, see 1205:(The Breaking of the Vessels) commissioned by the 828:), Nocturnal Procession, Legend and Ritual Dance. 788:Another work, Allegretto grazioso con variazioni: 396:, encouraged Berlinski to explore and express his 1962:, oratorio (Version in German of Job (1968–1972)) 503:, and quickly made contact with the city's large 388:. Most influential were Daniel-Lesur himself and 3751: 2093:, cello; Carol Honigberg, piano (Albany TROY157) 1793:(1975–1976) Sinfonia No. 10, for cello and organ 1420:show in your work?" To which Berlinski replied: 767:A work known to have been composed in Paris was 3646:Reinthaler, Joan. "The Blare of 'Trumpets'" in 3600:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians 3586:A Guide to the Compositions of Herman Berlinski 3398:Reinthaler, Joan, "The Blare of 'Trumpets'" in 2436:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians 2381:"Theologisch-Pädagogisches Institut Moritzburg" 578:doctorate in sacred music by that institution. 2932:The early organ sinfonias of Herman Berlinski. 2309:, part of the branch known as Eastern Yiddish. 2121:Return, a song cycle for baritone & piano 1990:(2001) Quintet for clarinet and string quartet 1166:Auf dass die Verfolgten nicht Verfolger werden 1147:" (Someone). From "Flight and Metamorphosis". 1138:Auf dass die Verfolgten nicht Verfolger werden 661:John F. Kennedy Centre for the Performing Arts 586:In 1963 Berlinski was named music director of 3729:The early organ sinfonias of Herman Berlinski 3593:The Early Organ Sinfonias of Herman Berlinski 1362:The obituary by Martin Anderson published in 1154:" (When at last). From "Glowing Engimas II". 723:had awarded him the Commander's Cross of the 223:, Leipzig's only Jewish school at that time. 2067:, conductor (Vienna Modern Masters VMM 3027) 2010:Frances Shelly, flute; Steven Egler, organ ( 1955:(1992–1994) Concerto for cello and orchestra 1645:, for cantor, optional mixed choir and organ 1505:(1949–1950) Symphonic Visions, for orchestra 423:In this context, Berlinski met many Polish, 2839:"Richard Sandler, Milken Family Foundation" 1810:(1978) Sinfonia No. 11 for violin and organ 968:The organ called for in the work is one of 695:Later that same year, his Sinfonia No. 12 ( 670:In early 2000 Berlinski was invited by the 581: 3722:Herman Berlinski, Pt. 2: The French Years. 3297:"The Main Klezmer Modes, by Josh Horowitz" 1874:, theme and variations from W.A. Mozart's 1161:" (Only death). From "Glowing Enigmas I". 334:greatly disheartened by the misery of the 29: 3895:Classical musicians from New York (state) 3598:"Jewish music", in Sadie, Stanley (Ed.). 3479:, Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1974, p. 344.) 2808: 2796:"Europäisches Zentrum für jüdische Musik" 2072:From the World of my Father: Suite No 1 ( 1765:(Theme and variations on the traditional 392:who, although strongly inspired by their 3900:20th-century American conductors (music) 3815:American people of German-Jewish descent 3577:Anderson, Martin. "Herman Berlinski" in 3442:Anderson, Martin. "Herman Berlinski" in 3273:is the Yiddish form of the German word, 3144:Dudious, Max. "Classical CD Reviews" in 3105:For a biography of David Putterman, see 2934:DMA Thesis, Rice University, 2001, p. 3. 1352:Croix du combattant volontaire 1939–1945 599:organ recitals including appearances at 1973:-Bartholdy, for violin, cello and piano 1557:, for flute, oboe, clarinet and bassoon 1307:United States Holocaust Memorial Museum 777:. Use of the then new and rather novel 636:(The Tree of Life), for the opening of 623:Europäisches Zentrum für jüdische Musik 491:. Herman and Sina Berlinski settled in 189:Soviet States of Russia and the Ukraine 179:, where they remained after the end of 3752: 3620:The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music 2774:).. It is not to be confused with the 2684:Yasser was one of the founders of the 2537:The World of Yiddish Theater in France 2152:Sinfonia No. 10 for cello & organ 1813:(1979–80) Dost thou sleep, my brother 1566:, for cantor, choir (SATB) and organ ( 1354:after this award was created in 1954. 1336:Shenandoah University and Conservatory 1312: 1309:a few weeks before Berlinski's death. 919:Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts 563:Jewish Theological Seminary of America 175:At that point, the Berlinskis fled to 3835:Soldiers of the French Foreign Legion 3734:Milken Archive of Jewish Music (MAJM) 3227:, Syracuse University Press, 2002 or 3085:Incorporated Association of Organists 2292:, Wayne State University Press, 2003. 632:Berlinski was commissioned to create 3905:20th-century American male musicians 3595:, DMA Thesis, Rice University, 2001. 2814: 1932:(The Prayer of Bonhoeffer) (Part of 1891:(1985) Sonata for violin and piano: 1888:(1983) Adagietto for flute and organ 1440: 1329:American Academy of Arts and Letters 750: 645: 625:(European Centre for Jewish Music), 3785:Jewish American classical composers 3780:Classical composers of church music 3731:. DMA Thesis, Rice University, 2001 3724:Recorded archive held by the MAAJM. 3693:Herman Berlinski papers, 1940s-2001 3682:Music Division, Library of Congress 3636:, Hebrew Union College Press, 2005. 2370:which begins at sundown on Fridays. 1948:(Buber-Rosenzweig translation) and 144:Family background; early upbringing 13: 3615:, Syracuse University Press, 2002. 2637:American Jewish Historical Society 2523:Parizer arbeiter yiddisher theater 2349:He gave this performance with the 1593:(1956) The Burning Bush, for organ 1407:Berlinski addressed this subject: 1301:-born poet and Holocaust survivor 453:surrender of France to the Germans 14: 3931: 3915:American male classical organists 3865:American male classical composers 3661: 2001: 1901:(The Breaking of the Vessels), a 1488:, for tenor and organ (Text from 242:Tertiary music studies in Leipzig 187:, turmoil between Poland and the 3810:American male conductors (music) 3800:American male classical pianists 3770:20th-century classical composers 3622:, Oxford University Press, 1996. 2890:"Robert Maxilillian Helmschrott" 2351:Leipzig Radio Symphony Orchestra 2204:Symphonic Visions for Orchestra 1918:and the High Holiday Prayerbook) 1708:(1966) The earth is the Lord's, 1655:(1962–1965) Sinfonia No. 4: The 1209:for the fiftieth anniversary of 858:, the second and third from the 619:United States Information Agency 172:, took place in that same year. 3885:20th-century American composers 3875:20th-century classical pianists 3855:Immigrants to the United States 3825:Schola Cantorum de Paris alumni 3743:The Library of Congress (TLC), 3571: 3552: 3539: 3530: 3521: 3508: 3495: 3482: 3449: 3436: 3423: 3414: 3405: 3392: 3383: 3374: 3361: 3336: 3327: 3318: 3307:from the original on 2023-05-11 3289: 3280: 3264: 3252: 3243: 3234: 3188: 3179: 3170: 3161: 3138: 3129: 3099: 3090: 3077: 3064: 3037: 3006: 2987: 2978: 2965: 2956: 2947: 2937: 2924: 2913:from the original on 2011-04-08 2895: 2883: 2851: 2832: 2823: 2789: 2764: 2751: 2737: 2719: 2705: 2691: 2678: 2660: 2646: 2606: 2587: 2568: 2555: 2507: 2488: 2441: 2428: 2402: 2391:from the original on 2023-06-03 2034:Berlin Radio Symphony Orchestra 1450:, suite for string quartet and 745: 730:Berlinski died at Washington's 3880:20th-century American pianists 3344:"Auditorium and Temple Organs" 2973:United States Holocaust Museum 2686:American Musicological Society 2495:"Lives in the Yiddish Theatre" 2373: 2360: 2343: 2331: 2312: 2295: 2278: 2243: 2226: 2101:(The Breaking of the Vessels) 2007:Adagietto for flute and organ 1982:History of the three good acts 1965:(1997) Variations on the Song 1477:(1944) Sonata brevis for piano 1: 3581:, Saturday, 15 December 2001. 3333:Frohbieter, 2001, pp. 99-101. 2271:; also refer to Rigg, Bryan. 2219: 1776:(1974) Sinfonia No. 9: After 1467:(1941, rev. 1981) Sonata for 1104: 665:Washington National Cathedral 349:and studied composition with 93:Sina Berlinski (née Goldfein) 3870:American classical composers 3820:Composers from New York City 3790:American classical organists 3705:How to use archival material 3463:, on hearing German soprano 3185:Frohbieter, 2001, pp. 49-50. 2145:Christopher Bowers-Broadbent 1320:The first major award was a 1186:: theme and variations from 1035:, chromaticism, contrasting 603:and Leipzig's Thomaskirche. 594:where he worked under Rabbi 518:, one of the city's leading 254:His teachers there included 7: 3845:Emigrants from Nazi Germany 3795:American classical pianists 3650:, Tuesday, 6 December 1988. 3549:, Unpublished, 1990, p. 43. 3402:, Tuesday, 6 December 1988. 2325:Höhere Israelitische Schule 2240:, and now a city of Poland. 2160:Sonata for flute and piano 2052:(The Prayer of Bonhoeffer) 1721:Chaya Feldman's Last Letter 1701:(1965) Elegy: In memory of 1690:(1964) Shofar Service, for 1512:for flute, oboe, clarinet, 1340:American Guild of Organists 1334:In 1992 he was granted the 838:The third suite (subtitled 798: 721:Federal Republic of Germany 601:Notre Dame Cathedral, Paris 16:American classical composer 10: 3936: 3910:20th-century American Jews 3805:American choral conductors 3727:Frohbieter, Ann Williams. 3591:Frohbieter, Ann Williams. 2930:Frohbieter, Ann Williams. 2780:Moses Mendelssohn Akademie 2731:Congregation Rodeph Sholom 2416:, No. 49, Winter 2005/06. 1624:, for high voice and flute 1357: 1251:), part of a longer work, 1241:Union Theological Seminary 862:, and the fourth from the 592:Reform Hebrew Congregation 183:, for although Poland was 158:civil and political unrest 3687: 3677: 3527:Frohbieter, 2001, p. 133. 3261:means "mode" or "manner". 2776:Moses Mendelssohn Academy 2641:Centre for Jewish History 2615:Jewish Music, Inc. (ASJM) 2561:See also the entry under 2195:Herndon Spillman, organ ( 2022:(Friday Evening Service) 1726:The diary of a young girl 1659:, for organ and orchestra 1390:Charles Villiers Stanford 1243:(UTS) asked him to write 1037:consonance and dissonance 97: 89: 81: 62: 40: 28: 21: 3775:Composers for pipe organ 3737:Naxos biographical notes 3584:Berlinski, David (Ed.). 3324:Frohbieter, 2001, p. 93. 3249:Frohbieter, 2001, p. 86. 3240:Frohbieter, 2001, p. 83 3176:Frohbieter, 2001, p. 20. 3167:Frohbieter, 2001, p. 19. 3148:, May 2004 available on 3096:Frohbieter, 2001, p. vi. 2541:All About Jewish Theater 2192:, organ (Naxos 8.559446) 1978:Die heiligen Zehn Gebote 1976:(2000) Sinfonia No. 12: 1967:"Allnächtlich im Traume" 1911:, drum, cymbals and gong 1629:Shlomo Ephraim ben Aaron 1228:In 1990 Berlinski wrote 1039:, occasional use of the 954:Shlomo Ephraim ben Aaron 732:Sibley Memorial Hospital 697:Die heiligen Zehn Gebote 684:Milken Family Foundation 582:Move to Washington, D.C. 455:, the newly established 359:Schola Cantorum of Paris 347:École Normale de Musique 331:National Socialist party 297:His initial exposure to 221:Ephraim Carlebach School 3518:, Vol. 8, pp. 746-747.) 3488:Excluding organ works, 3026:is a weekly program on 2286:1848 German revolutions 2259:Stab-in-the-Back Legend 2238:1815 Congress of Vienna 2114:Deutsche Harmonia Mundi 2065:Hans-Christoph Rademann 2055:Nancy Gibson, soprano; 1952:by Dietrich Bonhoeffer) 1950:Widerstand und Ergebung 1872:Ein Musikalischer Spass 1761:(1972) Sinfonia No. 8: 1742:Meshullam ben Kalonymus 1685:High Holiday Prayerbook 1396:whose contributions to 1257:Heinz Werner Zimmermann 1184:Ein Musikalischer Spass 552:Tanglewood Music Center 363:Jewish liturgical music 138: 3890:20th-century organists 3840:American Orthodox Jews 3231:, Vol. 9, pp. 627-628. 2907:www.juedische-musik.de 2892:Accessed 2 March 2018. 2867:. 2006. Archived from 2805:Accessed 2 March 2018. 2782:) which is located in 2584:Accessed 2 March 2018. 2504:Accessed 2 March 2018. 2485:for more information.) 2301:They likely spoke the 1876:Dorfmusikanten-Sextett 1430: 1413: 1372: 1226: 1192:Dorfmusikanten-Sextett 1098: 1054: 990: 974: 934: 903: 886: 877: 814: 765: 693: 659:music annually in the 382:Jean-Yves Daniel-Lesur 228:formal mourning period 3655:The Musical Quarterly 3627:The American Organist 3431:The American Organist 3028:American Public Media 2848:Accessed 2 March 2018 2464:from the time of the 2163:Jody Schwarz, flute; 2050:Das Gebet Bonhoeffers 1984:by Isaac Leib Peretz) 1934:Bonhoeffer-Triptychon 1930:Das Gebet Bonhoeffers 1825:, Isaac Leib Peretz, 1573:(1953) String Quartet 1540:Demetrios Capetanakis 1422: 1409: 1398:Anglican church music 1368: 1253:Bonhoeffer-Triptychon 1245:Das Gebet Bonhoeffers 1222: 1094: 1066:altered Phrygian mode 1049: 1026:New York Philharmonic 978: 970:symphonic proportions 966: 930: 911:Park Avenue Synagogue 895: 881: 872: 806: 761: 688: 446:French Foreign Legion 440:With the outbreak of 185:reconstituted in 1918 3860:German Orthodox Jews 3850:Immigrants to France 3643:, Unpublished, 1991. 3501:Stanford's entry in 3433:, April 1989, p. 52. 3301:www.klezmershack.com 3146:Audiophile Auditions 2232:Then located in the 1907:for organ, soprano, 1893:Le violon de Chagall 1796:(1975) The death of 1520:and string orchestra 1322:MacDowell Fellowship 1294:(The Tree of Life). 926:Audiophile Auditions 642:at the Smithsonian. 536:Abraham Wolfe Binder 236:Leipzig Conservatory 209:Ashkenazic tradition 3648:The Washington Post 3446:, 15 December 2001. 3400:The Washington Post 3221:The Jewish Magazine 3045:Austin Organs, Inc. 2817:The Washington Post 2727:Moscow Conservatory 2479:Hebrew cantillation 2466:Babylonian conquest 2338:Shneim asar chodesh 2061:Dresdner Kammerchor 1787:The Glass Bead Game 1782:Das Glasperlenspiel 1313:Awards and tributes 1218:The Washington Post 1212:Reichskristallnacht 1207:Library of Congress 1178:(Merciful Father). 962:Solomon ibn Gabirol 678:for release on the 651:giving concerts of 639:The Precious Legacy 451:In 1940, after the 394:Catholic background 307:Goldberg Variations 232:shneim asar chodesh 3461:Tristan und Isolde 3369:Shmuel Yosef Agnon 3154:2010-10-25 at the 3122:2010-09-17 at the 3112:2010-09-02 at the 3057:2010-12-23 at the 3049:Sebastian M. Glück 3018:2010-07-06 at the 2999:2011-06-15 at the 2975:, Washington, D.C. 2903:"Synagogale Musik" 2844:2018-03-03 at the 2801:2014-12-19 at the 2672:2010-05-27 at the 2631:2010-07-27 at the 2626:Jewish Music Forum 2620:2010-11-23 at the 2599:2016-08-05 at the 2580:2018-03-02 at the 2549:2012-03-07 at the 2531:2010-01-15 at the 2500:2019-05-28 at the 2454:Jewish settlements 2422:2011-07-19 at the 2267:2019-05-14 at the 2099:Shevirath Ha-kelim 1993:(2001) Psalm 130 ( 1969:, Op. 86 No. 4 by 1899:Shevirath ha-kelim 1736:(1968, rev. 1985) 1662:(1962, rev. 1983) 1529:Samuel Hoffenstein 1510:Concerto da camera 1385:from public view. 1203:Shevirath ha-kelim 1041:serialist approach 596:Norman Gerstenfeld 260:Sigfrid Karg-Elert 166:June Days Uprising 3710: 3709: 3699: 3698: 2871:on 5 January 2006 2414:GewandhausMagazin 2385:tpi-moritzburg.de 2320:Ephraim Carlebach 2255:Dolchstosslegende 2180:Catharine Crozier 2176:The Burning Bush 2169:Innova Recordings 2104:Steven C. Berke, 2057:Matthias Weichert 1971:Felix Mendelssohn 1916:Book of Maccabees 1835:Jacob Isaac Segal 1819:Peretz Hirschbein 1717:Union Prayer Book 1627:(1961) Litany of 1536:Walter de la Mare 1441:Significant works 1033:rhythmic patterns 995:Louis Lewandowski 984:school of German 751:Leipzig and Paris 646:Retirement; death 544:Leonard Bernstein 417:Isaac Leib Peretz 361:where he studied 170:Łódź insurrection 156:at the time when 107: 106: 66:27 September 2001 35:Berlinski in 2000 3927: 3920:Berlinski family 3695: 3675: 3674: 3666: 3665: 3565: 3556: 3550: 3543: 3537: 3534: 3528: 3525: 3519: 3512: 3506: 3499: 3493: 3486: 3480: 3453: 3447: 3440: 3434: 3427: 3421: 3418: 3412: 3409: 3403: 3396: 3390: 3387: 3381: 3378: 3372: 3365: 3359: 3358: 3356: 3355: 3346:. 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of Unity 1827:Kadya Molodowsky 1230:Maskir Neshamoth 1198:, both in 1985. 860:Book of Jeremiah 783:Maurice Martenot 759:where she said: 701:Ten Commandments 588:Washington, D.C. 505:Jewish community 390:Olivier Messiaen 336:Jewish community 213:Orthodox Judaism 150:Jewish community 110:Herman Berlinski 74:Washington, D.C. 69: 50: 48: 33: 23:Herman Berlinski 19: 18: 3935: 3934: 3930: 3929: 3928: 3926: 3925: 3924: 3750: 3749: 3691: 3664: 3639:Maier, Joseph. 3611:Kalib, Sholom. 3579:The Independent 3574: 3569: 3568: 3557: 3553: 3545:Maier, Joseph. 3544: 3540: 3535: 3531: 3526: 3522: 3513: 3509: 3500: 3496: 3487: 3483: 3454: 3450: 3444:The Independent 3441: 3437: 3428: 3424: 3419: 3415: 3410: 3406: 3397: 3393: 3388: 3384: 3379: 3375: 3366: 3362: 3353: 3351: 3342: 3341: 3337: 3332: 3328: 3323: 3319: 3310: 3308: 3295: 3294: 3290: 3285: 3281: 3269: 3265: 3257: 3253: 3248: 3244: 3239: 3235: 3212:Gregorian chant 3193: 3189: 3184: 3180: 3175: 3171: 3166: 3162: 3156:Wayback Machine 3143: 3139: 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Korn 1811: 1808: 1805: 1794: 1791: 1774: 1771:Eliyahu ha-nav 1759: 1756: 1745: 1738:Un'saneh tokef 1734: 1713: 1706: 1699: 1698:(Days of Awe)) 1696:Un'saneh tokef 1688: 1677: 1674: 1671: 1670:(Days of Awe)) 1668:Un'saneh tokef 1660: 1657:Tetragrammaton 1653: 1646: 1639: 1636: 1625: 1618: 1615: 1612:Avodat Shabbat 1608: 1601: 1594: 1591: 1584: 1577: 1574: 1571: 1558: 1551: 1532: 1521: 1506: 1503: 1500: 1493: 1478: 1475: 1472: 1465: 1462: 1455: 1442: 1439: 1359: 1356: 1314: 1311: 1265:United Kingdom 1175:Av Ha-rachamim 1106: 1103: 907:Avodat Shabbat 800: 797: 779:ondes Martenot 752: 749: 747: 744: 740:Shir hamaaloth 725:Order of Merit 676:Avodat Shabbat 672:Milken Archive 647: 644: 583: 580: 548:first symphony 514:of New York's 495:and their son 480: 477: 469:"undesirables" 437: 434: 429:Ukrainian Jews 326: 323: 309:on the piano, 256:Otto Weinreich 243: 240: 145: 142: 140: 137: 105: 104: 99: 95: 94: 91: 87: 86: 83: 79: 78: 72: 70:(aged 91) 64: 60: 59: 53: 51:18 August 1910 42: 38: 37: 34: 26: 25: 22: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3932: 3921: 3918: 3916: 3913: 3911: 3908: 3906: 3903: 3901: 3898: 3896: 3893: 3891: 3888: 3886: 3883: 3881: 3878: 3876: 3873: 3871: 3868: 3866: 3863: 3861: 3858: 3856: 3853: 3851: 3848: 3846: 3843: 3841: 3838: 3836: 3833: 3831: 3828: 3826: 3823: 3821: 3818: 3816: 3813: 3811: 3808: 3806: 3803: 3801: 3798: 3796: 3793: 3791: 3788: 3786: 3783: 3781: 3778: 3776: 3773: 3771: 3768: 3766: 3763: 3761: 3758: 3757: 3755: 3746: 3742: 3739: 3736: 3733: 3730: 3726: 3723: 3719: 3716: 3712: 3711: 3706: 3703: 3702: 3694: 3690: 3686: 3683: 3680: 3676: 3673: 3672: 3668: 3667: 3656: 3652: 3649: 3645: 3642: 3638: 3635: 3631: 3629:, April 1989. 3628: 3624: 3621: 3617: 3614: 3610: 3608: 3604: 3601: 3597: 3594: 3590: 3587: 3583: 3580: 3576: 3575: 3563: 3562: 3561:Vos Iz Neias? 3555: 3548: 3542: 3533: 3524: 3517: 3511: 3504: 3498: 3491: 3485: 3478: 3474: 3470: 3467:sing Liszt's 3466: 3465:Lilli Lehmann 3462: 3458: 3452: 3445: 3439: 3432: 3426: 3417: 3408: 3401: 3395: 3386: 3377: 3370: 3364: 3350:on 2013-01-12 3349: 3345: 3339: 3330: 3321: 3306: 3302: 3298: 3292: 3283: 3276: 3272: 3267: 3260: 3255: 3246: 3237: 3230: 3226: 3222: 3217: 3213: 3209: 3205: 3201: 3197: 3191: 3182: 3173: 3164: 3157: 3153: 3150: 3147: 3141: 3132: 3125: 3121: 3118: 3115: 3111: 3108: 3102: 3093: 3086: 3080: 3073: 3067: 3060: 3056: 3053: 3050: 3046: 3040: 3033: 3029: 3025: 3021: 3017: 3014: 3009: 3002: 2998: 2995: 2990: 2981: 2974: 2968: 2959: 2950: 2940: 2933: 2927: 2912: 2908: 2904: 2898: 2891: 2886: 2870: 2866: 2865: 2860: 2854: 2847: 2843: 2840: 2835: 2826: 2818: 2811: 2804: 2800: 2797: 2792: 2785: 2781: 2777: 2773: 2767: 2760: 2754: 2746: 2740: 2732: 2728: 2722: 2714: 2708: 2700: 2694: 2687: 2681: 2675: 2671: 2668: 2663: 2655: 2649: 2642: 2638: 2634: 2630: 2627: 2623: 2619: 2616: 2609: 2602: 2598: 2595: 2590: 2583: 2579: 2576: 2571: 2564: 2558: 2552: 2548: 2545: 2542: 2538: 2534: 2530: 2527: 2524: 2520: 2516: 2510: 2503: 2499: 2496: 2491: 2484: 2483:Musical modes 2480: 2476: 2471: 2467: 2463: 2459: 2455: 2451: 2444: 2437: 2431: 2425: 2421: 2418: 2415: 2411: 2405: 2390: 2386: 2382: 2376: 2369: 2363: 2356: 2353:conducted by 2352: 2346: 2339: 2334: 2327: 2326: 2321: 2315: 2308: 2306: 2298: 2291: 2287: 2281: 2274: 2270: 2266: 2263: 2260: 2256: 2252: 2246: 2239: 2235: 2229: 2225: 2212: 2209: 2206: 2205: 2203: 2198: 2194: 2191: 2188: 2186:CD-FL-0601-2) 2185: 2181: 2178: 2177: 2175: 2170: 2166: 2162: 2161: 2159: 2154: 2153: 2151: 2146: 2142: 2138: 2135: 2134: 2132: 2127: 2123: 2122: 2120: 2115: 2111: 2107: 2103: 2102: 2100: 2097: 2092: 2089: 2088: 2086: 2081: 2078: 2077: 2075: 2071: 2066: 2062: 2058: 2054: 2053: 2051: 2048: 2043: 2040:, conductor ( 2039: 2035: 2031: 2027: 2024: 2023: 2021: 2018: 2013: 2009: 2008: 2006: 2005: 1996: 1992: 1989: 1986: 1983: 1979: 1975: 1972: 1968: 1964: 1961: 1957: 1954: 1951: 1947: 1943: 1939: 1935: 1931: 1927: 1924: 1920: 1917: 1913: 1910: 1906: 1905: 1900: 1896: 1894: 1890: 1887: 1884: 1880: 1877: 1873: 1869: 1866: 1862: 1858: 1855: 1851: 1847: 1843: 1840: 1836: 1832: 1829:, A. Lutzky, 1828: 1824: 1820: 1816: 1812: 1809: 1806: 1803: 1799: 1795: 1792: 1789: 1788: 1783: 1779: 1778:Hermann Hesse 1775: 1772: 1768: 1764: 1760: 1757: 1754: 1750: 1746: 1743: 1739: 1735: 1732: 1728: 1727: 1722: 1718: 1714: 1711: 1707: 1704: 1700: 1697: 1693: 1689: 1686: 1682: 1678: 1675: 1672: 1669: 1665: 1661: 1658: 1654: 1651: 1647: 1644: 1640: 1637: 1634: 1630: 1626: 1623: 1619: 1616: 1613: 1609: 1606: 1602: 1599: 1595: 1592: 1589: 1588:Eleh es'keroh 1585: 1582: 1578: 1575: 1572: 1569: 1565: 1564: 1559: 1556: 1552: 1549: 1545: 1541: 1537: 1533: 1530: 1526: 1522: 1519: 1515: 1511: 1507: 1504: 1501: 1498: 1494: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1479: 1476: 1473: 1470: 1466: 1463: 1460: 1456: 1453: 1449: 1445: 1444: 1438: 1434: 1429: 1427: 1421: 1417: 1412: 1408: 1405: 1401: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1386: 1382: 1380: 1377:For example, 1375: 1371: 1367: 1365: 1355: 1353: 1347: 1343: 1341: 1337: 1332: 1330: 1325: 1323: 1318: 1310: 1308: 1304: 1300: 1295: 1293: 1289: 1285: 1284:New Synagogue 1282:, called the 1281: 1276: 1274: 1270: 1266: 1262: 1258: 1254: 1250: 1246: 1242: 1237: 1235: 1234:Kristallnacht 1231: 1225: 1221: 1219: 1214: 1213: 1208: 1204: 1199: 1197: 1193: 1189: 1185: 1179: 1177: 1176: 1169: 1167: 1162: 1160: 1155: 1153: 1148: 1146: 1141: 1139: 1134: 1131: 1129: 1124: 1120: 1117: 1111: 1102: 1097: 1093: 1091: 1085: 1083: 1079: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1063: 1059: 1053: 1048: 1044: 1042: 1038: 1034: 1029: 1027: 1021: 1019: 1015: 1011: 1007: 1003: 998: 996: 989: 987: 986:expressionism 983: 977: 973: 971: 965: 963: 959: 955: 951: 946: 944: 943: 937: 933: 929: 927: 922: 920: 914: 912: 908: 902: 900: 894: 891: 885: 880: 876: 871: 867: 865: 864:Song of Songs 861: 857: 851: 847: 845: 841: 836: 834: 829: 827: 823: 819: 813: 811: 810:the Holocaust 805: 796: 793: 791: 786: 784: 780: 776: 772: 771: 764: 760: 758: 743: 741: 737: 733: 728: 726: 722: 717: 715: 711: 710: 706: 702: 698: 692: 687: 685: 681: 677: 673: 668: 666: 662: 658: 654: 643: 641: 640: 635: 630: 628: 624: 621:, and at the 620: 614: 612: 611: 604: 602: 597: 593: 589: 579: 575: 572: 568: 567:Hugo Weisgall 564: 559: 555: 553: 549: 545: 541: 537: 533: 532:Joseph Yasser 529: 525: 521: 517: 513: 508: 506: 502: 501:piano lessons 498: 494: 490: 486: 485:New York City 476: 472: 470: 466: 462: 458: 454: 449: 447: 443: 433: 430: 426: 421: 418: 414: 410: 406: 401: 399: 395: 391: 387: 383: 379: 375: 371: 368: 364: 360: 356: 355:Alfred Cortot 352: 348: 343: 341: 337: 332: 322: 320: 316: 312: 308: 304: 300: 295: 293: 289: 288:Gustav Mahler 285: 281: 277: 273: 269: 265: 261: 257: 252: 249: 239: 237: 233: 229: 224: 222: 218: 214: 210: 205: 203: 197: 195: 190: 186: 182: 178: 173: 171: 167: 163: 159: 155: 151: 136: 134: 131: 127: 123: 119: 115: 111: 103: 100: 96: 92: 88: 84: 82:Occupation(s) 80: 75: 65: 61: 56: 43: 39: 32: 27: 20: 3744: 3728: 3721: 3714: 3654: 3647: 3640: 3633: 3626: 3619: 3612: 3599: 3592: 3585: 3578: 3572:Bibliography 3559: 3554: 3546: 3541: 3532: 3523: 3515: 3510: 3502: 3497: 3489: 3484: 3476: 3469:Mignons Lied 3468: 3460: 3451: 3443: 3438: 3430: 3425: 3416: 3407: 3399: 3394: 3385: 3376: 3363: 3352:. 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Bach 278:composer 276:Norwegian 258:(piano), 202:stateless 133:conductor 57:, Germany 3678:Location 3305:Archived 3271:Freygish 3259:Shtayger 3152:Archived 3120:Archived 3110:Archived 3055:Archived 3016:Archived 2997:Archived 2911:Archived 2842:Archived 2799:Archived 2670:Archived 2639:and the 2629:Archived 2618:Archived 2597:Archived 2578:Archived 2547:Archived 2529:Archived 2498:Archived 2420:Archived 2389:Archived 2265:Archived 2128:NWCR839) 1958:(1993) 1942:crotales 1865:Kabbalah 1767:Passover 1683:and the 1681:Psalm 81 1622:Psalm 23 1605:V'shomru 1490:I Samuel 1452:Martenot 1299:Romanian 1074:Freygish 1058:chaconne 1018:Shavuoth 890:Casavant 856:Psalm 94 799:New York 663:and the 653:Hanukkah 627:Hannover 299:Lutheran 248:clarinet 118:organist 114:composer 98:Children 2784:Potsdam 2368:Sabbath 2307:dialect 2305:Poylish 2257:or the 2199:Ti-205) 2074:Chazoth 2014:CD-174) 1928:(1993) 1921:(1990) 1897:(1988) 1870:(1983) 1844:(1980) 1802:Genesis 1763:Eliyahu 1648:(1962) 1641:(1962) 1620:(1960) 1610:(1958) 1603:(1957) 1560:(1953) 1553:(1952) 1518:timpani 1514:bassoon 1492::17-18) 1486:Goliath 1461:(piano) 1448:Chazoth 1446:(1938) 1366:began: 1358:Summary 1280:Dresden 1196:Chagall 1010:Sukkoth 958:Łęczyca 844:trilogy 833:Hasidic 818:Chazoth 770:Chazoth 571:secular 329:As the 230:called 217:Yiddish 177:Leipzig 122:pianist 55:Leipzig 3688:Source 3457:Wagner 3208:Danube 2745:"Home" 2734:Music. 2713:"Home" 2699:"Home" 2654:"Home" 2470:Judaea 2462:Persia 2171:IN578) 2106:hazzan 1904:piyyut 1878:, K. 5 1798:Rachel 1692:shofar 1546:, and 1269:Israel 1188:Mozart 1014:Pesach 822:Hatzot 705:Munich 520:Reform 512:cantor 264:theory 162:Poland 90:Spouse 76:, U.S. 3477:Liszt 3455:Even 3196:Moses 2539:, in 2475:modes 2450:Rhine 2042:Naxos 1769:tune 1600:1:16) 1482:David 1469:flute 1459:Ravel 1145:Einer 826:Nigun 497:David 409:Vilna 380:with 340:Paris 130:choir 3206:and 3204:Main 2877:2014 2460:and 1960:Hiob 1852:and 1815:Abel 1723:and 1598:Ruth 1484:and 1392:and 1288:Hiob 1271:and 1259:, a 1116:RLDS 820:(or 538:and 427:and 415:and 376:and 290:and 154:Łódź 139:Life 128:and 63:Died 41:Born 3198:on 2517:in 2468:of 2456:in 2412:in 2126:CRI 1780:'s 1751:), 1729:by 1190:'s 1080:or 956:of 610:Job 590:'s 483:In 407:in 266:), 211:of 152:of 3756:: 3303:. 3299:. 3022:. 2909:. 2905:. 2861:. 2543:. 2387:. 2383:. 2139:; 2076:) 2063:; 2036:; 1940:, 1837:, 1833:, 1821:, 1719:, 1631:, 1542:, 1538:, 1527:, 1342:. 1275:. 1267:, 1220:: 960:, 928:: 667:. 629:. 534:, 530:, 507:. 463:, 400:. 294:. 286:, 238:. 196:. 135:. 124:, 120:, 116:, 3357:. 3314:. 3158:. 3126:. 3061:. 3034:. 3003:. 2920:. 2879:. 2819:. 2786:. 2747:. 2715:. 2701:. 2688:. 2656:. 2643:. 2603:. 2565:. 2398:. 2357:. 1856:) 1804:) 1784:( 1744:) 1733:) 1687:) 1570:) 1550:) 738:( 270:( 262:( 49:) 45:(

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