330:"Paixhans had so far satisfied naval men of the power of shell guns as to obtain their admission on shipboard; but by unduly developing the explosive element, he had sacrificed accuracy and range.... The difference between the system of Paixhans and my own was simply that Paixhans guns were strictly shell guns, and were not designed for shot, nor for great penetration or accuracy at long ranges. They were, therefore, auxiliary to, or associates of, the shot-guns. This made a mixed armament, was objectionable as such, and never was adopted to any extent in France... My idea was, to have a gun that should generally throw shells far and accurately, with the capacity to fire solid shot when needed. Also to compose the whole battery entirely of such guns."
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Paixhans developed a delaying mechanism which, for the first time, allowed shells to be fired safely in high-powered flat-trajectory guns. The effect of explosive shells hitting wooden hulls and setting them aflame was devastating, and was demonstrated in trials against the two-decker
252:
The first
Paixhans guns were founded in 1841. The barrel of the guns weighed about 10,000 pounds, and proved accurate to about two miles. In the 1840s, France, England, Russia and the United States had adopted the new naval guns.
197:
in 1832. He was also a naval theorist claiming that a few aggressively armed small units could destroy the largest naval units of the time, making him a precursor of the French "
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481:
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The effect of the guns in an operational context was first demonstrated during the actions at
Eckernförde in 1849 during the
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Wooden boats became so vulnerable that the only possible response could come with the introduction of the iron-hulled
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and a flat trajectory, thereby triggering the demise of wooden ships, and the iron hull revolution in
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361:. Four of these ships were launched between 1861 and 1862. Originally designed for use in
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in which he envisioned a fleet protected by armour and equipped with explosive shells.
181:" in the French Navy). Paixhans guns became the first naval guns to combine explosive
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446:- Page 26 by Clarence Stewart Peterson, John Adolphus Bernard Dahlgrenb 1945
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department between 1830 and 1848, and became "General de
Division" in 1848.
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618:
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846:
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628:
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291:, which was a wooden ship with iron sheathing. She was soon followed by
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147:) was a French artillery officer of the beginning of the 19th century.
193:"), using 500 kg bombs, which was used to terrible effect in the
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547:
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A class of floating batteries named after
Paixhans was developed by
871:
820:
306:
716:
365:, they were built in wood and equipped with 4 ft batteries.
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282:
643:
444:
Admiral John A. Dahlgren: Father of United States Naval
Ordance
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378:
Considérations sur l'état actuel de l'artillerie des places
140:
51:
322:
Paixhans's design was later improved by the
American
215:("Earth! the shell is God, Paixhans is his Prophet.")
212:"Terre! l'obus est Dieu, Paixhans est son prophète."
831:8 mm Lebel smokeless powder cartridge (1886)
976:French military personnel of the Napoleonic Wars
947:
189:. Paixhans also invented a "Mortier monstre" ("
862:Du Temple high-circulation steam engine (1876)
482:
298:, which was iron-hulled with wooden backing.
629:Mitrailleuse Gatling modèle APX 1895 (1895)
489:
475:
398:Force et faiblesse militaires de la France
29:
150:Henri-Joseph Paixhans graduated from the
920:French weapons in the American Civil War
806:Pauly-Prélat integrated cartridge (1808)
344:
305:
229:
114:
867:Krebs naval electric gyrocompass (1880)
301:
948:
219:
634:Mle 1897 Hotchkiss Machine gun (1897)
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340:
134:
16:French artillery officer and inventor
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123:, invented by Henri-Joseph Paixhans.
404:Constitution militaire de la France
285:. The first of them was the French
13:
910:Second Italian War of Independence
504:French weapons of the 19th century
14:
992:
852:Marié-Davy naval periscope (1854)
624:Hotchkiss "Canon-Revolver" (1872)
872:Smokeless powder Poudre B (1886)
857:De Bange breech obturator (1872)
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590:
583:
576:
498:
847:Lepage percussion system (1807)
169:In 1823, he invented the first
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373:Paixhans wrote, among others:
1:
956:19th-century French inventors
915:French Intervention in Mexico
752:Mechanical powered submarine
895:French Intervention in Spain
811:Prélat percussion cap (1818)
7:
816:Lefaucheux cartridge (1836)
687:Lahitolle 95 mm (1873)
459:by Christon I. Archer p.417
368:
310:The "Paixhans" barracks in
10:
997:
981:École Polytechnique alumni
961:Military history of France
900:French conquest of Algeria
801:Lepage fulminate (1807–10)
734:Ironclad floating battery
667:Canon obusier de 12 (1853)
619:Reffye mitrailleuse (1866)
223:
173:, which came to be called
158:, was the representative (
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791:
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642:
609:
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533:Lefaucheux M1858 revolver
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335:Admiral John A. Dahlgren.
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102:
94:
84:
62:
37:
28:
21:
702:Canet 320 mm (1880)
457:World History of Warfare
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260:, and especially at the
384:Nouvelle force maritime
672:La Hitte system (1858)
548:Chassepot rifle (1866)
543:Tabatière rifle (1864)
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338:
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239:
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779:Electrical submarine
697:de Bange 90 mm (1877)
692:de Bange 80 mm (1877)
652:Year XI system (1803)
519:Delvigne rifle (1826)
349:The floating battery
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328:
309:
233:
201:" school of thought.
132:French pronunciation:
128:Henri-Joseph Paixhans
118:
23:Henri-Joseph Paixhans
821:Tamisier ball (1841)
563:Modèle 1892 revolver
302:Further developments
139:; January 22, 1783,
106:Inventing the first
925:Franco-Prussian War
682:Reffye 75 mm (1873)
677:Reffye 85 mm (1870)
662:Valée system (1828)
657:Paixhans gun (1823)
359:Henri Dupuy de Lôme
264:in 1853 during the
258:First Schleswig war
220:Paixhans naval guns
154:. He fought in the
152:École Polytechnique
143:– August 22, 1854,
89:École Polytechnique
707:Canon de 75 (1897)
558:Lebel rifle (1886)
538:Minié rifle (1849)
417:Retraite de Moscou
355:
341:Floating batteries
320:
240:
125:
943:
942:
826:Minié ball (1847)
770:Armoured cruiser
761:Steel battleship
725:Steam battleship
553:Gras rifle (1874)
277:Ironclad warships
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98:Artillery officer
56:Kingdom of France
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324:John A. Dahlgren
195:Siege of Antwerp
138:
136:[pɛksɑ̃]
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48:January 22, 1783
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33:
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18:
996:
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930:Tonkin Campaign
890:Napoleonic Wars
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262:Battle of Sinop
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156:Napoleonic Wars
145:Jouy-aux-Arches
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121:Mortier monstre
85:Alma mater
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74:Jouy-aux-Arches
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66:August 22, 1854
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386:(Paris 1822),
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224:Main article:
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191:Monster Mortar
179:canon-obusiers
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103:Known for
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70:(aged 71)
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772:Dupuy de Lôme
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406:(Paris 1849)
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175:Paixhans guns
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78:French Empire
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20:
780:
771:
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611:Machine guns
525:
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419:(Metz 1868)
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246:Pacificateur
245:
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236:Paixhans gun
226:Paixhans gun
203:
187:shipbuilding
174:
168:
149:
127:
126:
120:
68:(1854-08-22)
971:1854 deaths
966:1783 births
905:Crimean War
881:Operational
363:Cochinchina
266:Crimean War
206:Victor Hugo
199:Jeune École
950:Categories
793:Ammunition
763:Redoutable
524:Thouvenin
511:Small arms
171:shell guns
162:) for the
108:shell guns
95:Occupation
44:1783-01-22
743:Ironclad
425:10308203W
412:10308202W
392:17092419W
288:La Gloire
249:in 1824.
204:The poet
754:Plongeur
727:Napoléon
717:Warships
369:Writings
351:Paixhans
333:—
840:Systems
781:Gymnote
644:Cannons
353:(1862).
312:Le Mans
295:Warrior
283:warship
208:wrote:
164:Moselle
783:(1888)
774:(1890)
765:(1876)
756:(1863)
747:(1858)
745:Gloire
738:(1854)
729:(1850)
528:(1846)
423:
410:
400:(1830)
390:
380:(1815)
316:France
272:Legacy
183:shells
160:Député
883:usage
431:Notes
177:(or "
736:Lave
293:HMS
141:Metz
119:The
63:Died
52:Metz
38:Born
952::
421:OL
408:OL
388:OL
314:,
268:.
234:A
76:,
54:,
490:e
483:t
476:v
318:.
238:.
130:(
46:)
42:(
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