666:
952:
918:
894:
936:
1037:
971:
1018:
838:
690:
1049:
77:
52:
33:
1193:
1997:
678:
985:
Eggs are laid in June and July, in clutches of 40â65 eggs. The size of the egg is 5.5â6.5 mm or 8.6 Ă 7.2 mm. Juveniles hatch after three to four weeks, and may consume their siblings under unfavourable climate conditions. Maturity is reached after two to five years. The life span is up to
884:
In
Central Europe, it occurs in forests and shrubland, as well as in various synanthropic habitats. It lives up to 2,100 m (6,900 ft) above sea level in the Alps, but usually below 2,000 m (6,600 ft). In the south of England, it is restricted to undisturbed grassy or bushy
1183:
contains large amounts of aryl, steroid, and glucosinolate sulfatase activities. These sulfatases have a broad specificity, so they are commonly used as a hydrolyzing agent in analytical procedures such as chromatography where they are used to prepare samples for analysis.
1095:
and drainage, usually less threatened by commercial collections. Many unsuccessful attempts have been made to establish the species in various parts of
England, Scotland, and Ireland; it only survived in natural habitats in southern England, and is threatened by
1883:
Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema
Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata [10th revised edition], vol. 1: 824 pp. Laurentius Salvius:
1889:
KorĂĄbek, O., JuĆiÄkovĂĄ, L. & Petrusek, A. (2015). Splitting the Roman snail Helix pomatia
Linnaeus, 1758 (Stylommatophora: Helicidae) into two: redescription of the forgotten Helix thessalica Boettger, 1886. Journal of Molluscan Studies 82:
1662:"Besonders geschĂŒtzte Pflanzen- und Tierarten des Burgenlandes gem. §§ 15a und 16 des BurgenlĂ€ndischen Naturschutz- und Landschaftspflegegesetzes, LGBl. Nr. 27/1991 in der Fassung LGBl. Nr. 20/2016"
986:
20 years, but they often die sooner due to drying in summer and freezing in winter. Ten-year-old individuals are probably not uncommon in natural populations. The maximum lifespan is 35 years.
951:
856:
is creamy white to light brownish, often with indistinct brown colour bands although sometimes the banding is well developed and conspicuous. The shell has five to six
1709:"ArrĂȘtĂ© du 24 avril 1979 fixant la liste des escargots dont le ramassage et la cession Ă titre gratuit ou onĂ©reux peuvent ĂȘtre interdits ou autorisĂ©s - LĂ©gifrance"
1385:"Diversity of Land Snail Tribe Helicini (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Helicidae): Where Do We Stand after 20 Years of Sequencing Mitochondrial Markers?"
1866:
1661:
3505:
3557:
1921:
935:
3637:
1151:
1804:
1620:
1582:"The Roman snail (Gastropoda: Helicidae) is not a generalist herbivore, but shows food preferences for Urtica dioica and plant litter"
2382:
3479:
917:
3518:
1127:
3647:
1161:
1100:
and habitat destruction. It is of lower concern in
Switzerland and Austria, but many regions restrict commercial collecting.
1017:
3652:
3523:
821:. In the east, isolated populations live as far as south of Novosibirsk. Introduced populations also exist in the eastern
1209:
Nowadays, these snails are especially popular in French cuisine. In the
English language, it is called by the French name
1036:
871:
The width of the shell is 30â50 millimetres (1.2â2.0 inches). The height of the shell is 30â45 mm (1.2â1.8 in).
3662:
1637:
1164:: collecting prohibited of individuals with shell diameter under 3 cm and during the period from 1 April to 30 June.
1532:
970:
3440:
1300:
per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis.
2351:
1914:
1894:
1763:
1638:"RIS - Oö. Natur- und Landschaftsschutzgesetz 2001 - Landesrecht konsolidiert Oberösterreich, Fassung vom 22.07.2023"
1567:
1346:"Glacial refugia and postglacial spread of an iconic large European land snail, Helix pomatia (Pulmonata: Helicidae)"
1155:
923:
3458:
3596:
1222:
Although this species is highly prized as a food, it is difficult to cultivate and is rarely farmed commercially.
3562:
3471:
191:
725:
and synanthropic occurrences. The northern limits of their natural distribution run presumably through central
653:
native to Europe. It is characterized by a globular brown shell. It is an edible species which commonly occurs
3614:
2375:
1048:
1907:
1863:
3393:
3388:
1452:
1131:
3642:
3178:
1835:
3601:
2967:
2942:
2300:
1581:
3657:
3303:
2999:
2755:
2368:
2097:
1271:
3549:
76:
3356:
3260:
3163:
2838:
2749:
2561:
2503:
2414:
2251:
2139:
3510:
3318:
3253:
2899:
2866:
2466:
2196:
1345:
1123:
and protected by law in several countries to regulate harvesting from free living populations.
754:
665:
1708:
3213:
3189:
3173:
2744:
2732:
2619:
2132:
1833:
Linnaeus, 1758: the history of its introduction and recent distribution in
European Russia".
1108:
171:
3588:
3536:
3414:
3365:
2894:
2797:
2722:
2594:
2556:
2493:
2429:
2202:
2090:
1143:
893:
714:
1888:
1851:
Roumyantseva E. G. & Dedkov V. P. (2006). "Reproductive properties of the Roman snail
8:
3208:
2994:
2170:
1780:
1735:
BekendtgĂžrelse om fredning af visse dyre- og plantearter og pleje af tilskadekommet vildt
1092:
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41:
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2419:
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1427:
1120:
861:
770:
199:
71:
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3140:
3026:
2983:
2977:
2948:
2937:
2673:
2668:
2604:
2599:
2456:
2184:
2153:
1985:
1978:
1953:
1759:
1601:
1563:
1486:
1474:
1406:
1365:
1317:
1248:
1097:
148:
3406:
3135:
3087:
3037:
3031:
2972:
2909:
2802:
2738:
2538:
2445:
2159:
2083:
2033:
1971:
1964:
1593:
1464:
1396:
1357:
1312:
1266:
837:
1733:
1597:
689:
3570:
2919:
2904:
2889:
2884:
2488:
2477:
2234:
2124:
1870:
1297:
857:
853:
842:
646:
128:
1361:
3466:
3453:
3287:
3277:
3218:
3168:
3158:
3062:
2833:
2812:
2727:
2663:
2643:
2315:
2310:
2076:
2019:
1686:
1116:
1882:
1843:
3631:
3531:
3341:
3282:
3183:
3069:
2989:
2861:
2856:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2614:
2566:
2546:
2320:
2295:
2070:
1605:
1478:
1469:
1410:
1369:
1292:
1257:
1112:
1084:
1067:
905:
822:
810:
187:
61:
56:
3292:
2929:
2451:
2330:
2325:
2305:
2228:
2040:
2026:
1322:
3445:
864:
is large. The apertural margin is slightly reflected in adult snails. The
3544:
3492:
3350:
3095:
2822:
2702:
2678:
2609:
2589:
2571:
2508:
2483:
2261:
1028:
994:
654:
3575:
3380:
3484:
3127:
3053:
2770:
2439:
2335:
2279:
1940:
1540:
1087:, and in European Red List of Non-marine Molluscs as of least concern.
1002:
990:
781:
is distributed up to western Russia (broadly distributed in and around
766:
118:
1899:
1401:
1384:
3497:
3427:
3100:
3043:
3018:
2624:
2513:
2434:
1054:
1005:
962:
138:
88:
3312:
32:
3432:
3335:
2397:
2340:
2046:
1931:
1302:
Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. pp. , 1â824. Holmiae. (Salvius).
1211:
1198:
746:
682:
108:
2360:
1158:, making it illegal to kill, injure, collect or sell these snails.
805:. Scattered introduced populations occur westwards up to northern
3609:
3150:
3118:
2779:
2714:
2527:
2424:
2269:
2164:
2065:
2057:
1948:
1230:
This article incorporates public domain text from the reference.
1167:
1137:
868:
is narrow and partly covered by the reflected columellar margin.
818:
802:
798:
786:
758:
742:
738:
734:
726:
2827:
1756:
Methods in
Enzymology, Volume 143, Sulfatases from Helix pomatia
1383:
KorĂĄbek, OndĆej; JuĆiÄkovĂĄ, Lucie; Petrusek, Adam (2021-12-31).
1344:
KorĂĄbek, OndĆej; Petrusek, Adam; JuĆiÄkovĂĄ, Lucie (2018-01-01).
1192:
3419:
3237:
2876:
2635:
2581:
2498:
2223:
2218:
2190:
1996:
826:
794:
790:
782:
774:
750:
749:. In the south, the species reaches northern Bulgaria, central
730:
677:
650:
98:
3200:
3009:
2959:
2848:
2519:
2274:
1958:
1453:"Roman Snail, Helix pomatia (Mollusca: Helicidae), in Canada"
814:
806:
762:
722:
1130:: listed as a specially protected species in annex 1 of the
2406:
2114:
908:. Reproduction in Central Europe begins at the end of May.
733:
with the eastern range limits running through western-most
673:
showing the
European countries where the species is present
1148:, and the species is protected in some (e.g. Burgenland).
1543:, last modified 5 March 2009, accessed 6 September 2010.
1382:
1343:
1001:
is one of the few species that is capable of creating a
1619:
Cuttelod, A.; Seddon, M.; Neubert, E. (30 April 2024).
1618:
1107:is mostly a common species. It is also considered
1451:Forsyth, Robert G.; Kamstra, James (2019-11-17).
3629:
1731:
1580:Tluste, Claudia; Birkhofer, Klaus (2023-04-14).
1579:
773:. Westerly the native range extends to eastern
1450:
1272:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-1.RLTS.T156519A4957463.en
1115:. However, it is listed in the Annex V of the
721:is considerably affected by the dispersion by
2376:
1915:
1141:
1246:
1206:Roman snails were eaten by Ancient Romans.
1187:
961:with everted penis and dart sac shooting a
693:Helix pomatia, light micrograph of an eye;
2383:
2369:
1922:
1908:
1621:"European Red List of Non-marine Molluscs"
50:
31:
1468:
1400:
1350:Biological Journal of the Linnean Society
1270:
1191:
892:
836:
688:
676:
664:
1929:
1855:L. in the Kaliningrad Region, Russia".
645:, is a species of large, air-breathing
3630:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1170:: commercial collecting is prohibited.
3317:
3316:
2364:
1903:
1778:
1546:
1528:
1526:
1524:
1522:
1520:
1518:
1516:
1065:Preference for feeding on the nettle
3615:68CEFAF1-BD1B-489F-9B81-BBD6E148C565
3472:73b27335-1a42-444f-99b8-bfaa7a60d20e
1758:. Academic Press. pp. 361â366.
1514:
1512:
1510:
1508:
1506:
1504:
1502:
1500:
1498:
1496:
1422:
1420:
1042:Photo of the shell with an epiphragm
885:wastelands, usually not in gardens.
3638:IUCN Red List least concern species
2390:
1805:"Snail Cultivation (Heliciculture)"
1753:
1687:"Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981"
1562:. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK, 2001,
1559:The biology of terrestrial molluscs
1258:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
1235:
945:in courtship, shortly before mating
13:
1823:
1779:Buono, Giuseppe Del (2015-02-24).
1305:
1008:to seal the opening of its shell.
14:
3674:
2352:List of fishing topics by subject
1876:
1493:
1417:
1376:
1337:
1156:Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981
1154:: protected in England under the
1995:
1047:
1035:
1016:
969:
950:
934:
916:
75:
1797:
1772:
1747:
1732:MiljĂžministeriet (2021-03-25),
1725:
1701:
1679:
1654:
1630:
1612:
1573:
1078:
817:soils in the south and west of
660:
2005:Land and freshwater gastropods
1807:. The Living World of Molluscs
1444:
1313:"Helix pomatia Linnaeus, 1758"
1286:
832:
1:
1598:10.1080/00222933.2023.2203335
1457:The Canadian Field-Naturalist
1428:"Roman Snail (Helix pomatia)"
1225:
330:Helix pomatia quinquefasciata
3648:Gastropods described in 1758
1091:is threatened by continuous
888:
7:
3653:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
1132:Bundesartenschutzverordnung
314:Helix pomatia expansilabris
10:
3679:
3663:Habitats Directive species
1836:Malacologica Bohemoslovaca
1586:Journal of Natural History
1140:: the protection is up to
1083:This species is listed in
957:Drawing of head of mating
879:
874:
3325:
3301:
3270:
3236:
3199:
3149:
3126:
3117:
3086:
3052:
3017:
3008:
2958:
2928:
2885:Black-foot opihi/Hawaiian
2875:
2847:
2778:
2769:
2713:
2634:
2580:
2537:
2405:
2396:
2349:
2288:
2260:
2244:
2211:
2107:
2055:
2004:
1993:
1938:
1895:Animal Diversity Web page
1803:
1785:Wall Street International
1754:Roy, Alexander B (1987).
1570:. 1â146, cited page: 428.
1556:. in Barker G. M. (ed.):
1362:10.1093/biolinnean/blx135
1325:: Leiden, the Netherlands
1196:Cooked snails are called
1103:Within its native range,
205:
198:
177:
170:
72:Scientific classification
70:
48:
39:
30:
23:
2756:Placopecten magellanicus
2600:New Zealand green-lipped
2098:Placopecten magellanicus
1470:10.22621/cfn.v133i2.2150
1188:Culinary use and history
1179:The intestinal juice of
761:. It occurs in northern
3261:Acanthopleura granulata
2830:(group of four species)
2252:Freshwater pearl mussel
2140:Austrovenus stutchburyi
1554:Life History Strategies
1174:
3254:Acanthopleura echinata
3164:Atlantic white-spotted
2615:Asian/Philippine green
2197:Ruditapes largillierti
1713:www.legifrance.gouv.fr
1626:. European Commission.
1215:when used in cooking (
1203:
1142:
1075:juveniles in Germany.
901:
849:
710:
686:
674:
657:throughout its range.
3190:Amphioctopus fangsiao
2834:South African abalone
2706:("true oyster" genus)
2472:California butterclam
2133:Mercenaria mercenaria
2056:Free-swimming marine
1533:"Species summary for
1265:: e.T156519A4957463.
1219:simply means snail).
1195:
896:
840:
755:Bosnia and Hezegovina
692:
680:
668:
325:Moquin-Tandon, 1855
306:Helix pomatia brunnea
301:Moquin-Tandon, 1855
3467:Fauna Europaea (new)
2915:Ribbed Mediterranean
2430:Grooved carpet shell
2203:Grooved carpet shell
2091:Argopecten irradians
1247:Neubert, E. (2011).
1093:habitat destructions
669:Distribution map of
333:Moquin-Tandon, 1855
309:Moquin-Tandon, 1855
298:Helix pomatia albida
293:O. F. MĂŒller, 1774
16:Species of gastropod
2910:Rayed Mediterranean
2504:Japanese littleneck
2245:Freshwater bivalves
2171:Spisula solidissima
1829:Egorov R. (2015). "
924:Reproductive system
785:), to the south of
609:O. F. MĂŒller, 1774
322:Helix pomatia parva
254:Helicogena pomatia
242:Helicogena pomatia
230:Helicogena pomatia
42:Conservation status
3283:Land snail farming
2697:Gillardeau oysters
2415:Atlantic jackknife
2178:Paphies ventricosa
2147:Saxidomus nuttalli
2120:Atlantic surf clam
1869:2018-12-22 at the
1592:(13â16): 758â770.
1204:
1121:Habitats Directive
902:
900:(left) laying eggs
850:
771:Ligurian Apennines
765:southwards to the
711:
697:anterior chamber,
687:
675:
601:Bourguignat, 1882
593:Bourguignat, 1882
345:Kimakowicz, 1890
222:Helicogena pomatia
214:Helicogena inflata
3643:Helix (gastropod)
3625:
3624:
3584:Open Tree of Life
3319:Taxon identifiers
3310:
3309:
3288:Gastropod anatomy
3247:Chiton magnificus
3232:
3231:
3209:New Zealand arrow
3113:
3112:
3109:
3108:
2984:Kelletia lischkei
2949:Littorina sitkana
2895:Yellow-foot opihi
2765:
2764:
2659:Colchester native
2358:
2357:
2301:Gathering by hand
2185:Paphies australis
2154:Arctica islandica
2108:Infaunal bivalves
1986:Kelletia lischkei
1979:Kelletia kelletii
1781:"The roman snail"
1642:www.ris.bka.gv.at
1402:10.3390/d14010024
1318:Catalogue of Life
1098:intensive farming
626:
625:
618:
614:Helix segalaunica
610:
602:
594:
586:
574:
562:
550:
538:
526:
514:
502:
490:
478:
466:
454:
442:
430:
418:
406:
394:
382:
370:
358:
346:
334:
326:
318:
310:
302:
294:
286:
282:Helix eusarcosoma
278:
262:
250:
249:Hartmann, 1844
238:
226:
225:(Linnaeus, 1758)
218:
65:
3670:
3618:
3617:
3605:
3604:
3592:
3591:
3579:
3578:
3566:
3565:
3553:
3552:
3540:
3539:
3527:
3526:
3514:
3513:
3501:
3500:
3488:
3487:
3475:
3474:
3462:
3461:
3449:
3448:
3436:
3435:
3423:
3422:
3410:
3409:
3397:
3396:
3384:
3383:
3374:
3373:
3361:
3360:
3359:
3346:
3345:
3344:
3314:
3313:
3124:
3123:
3038:Chorus giganteus
3015:
3014:
2776:
2775:
2739:Pecten jacobaeus
2446:Mactra stultorum
2403:
2402:
2385:
2378:
2371:
2362:
2361:
2212:Sessile bivalves
2084:Pecten jacobaeus
2034:Cepaea nemoralis
1999:
1972:Bullacta exarata
1965:Buccinum undatum
1924:
1917:
1910:
1901:
1900:
1850:
1817:
1816:
1814:
1812:
1801:
1795:
1794:
1792:
1791:
1776:
1770:
1769:
1751:
1745:
1744:
1743:
1742:
1729:
1723:
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1720:
1719:
1705:
1699:
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1696:
1694:
1683:
1677:
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1610:
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1530:
1491:
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1442:
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1415:
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1404:
1380:
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1373:
1341:
1335:
1334:
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1330:
1309:
1303:
1290:
1284:
1283:
1281:
1279:
1274:
1244:
1147:
1051:
1039:
1020:
973:
954:
938:
920:
655:synanthropically
647:stylommatophoran
616:
608:
600:
592:
584:
581:
572:
569:
560:
557:
548:
545:
536:
533:
524:
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389:
380:
377:
368:
365:
356:
353:
344:
341:
332:
324:
316:
308:
300:
292:
284:
277:Linnaeus, 1758
276:
273:
269:
261:Hartmann, 1844
260:
257:
248:
245:
237:Hartmann, 1844
236:
233:
224:
216:
183:
80:
79:
59:
54:
53:
35:
21:
20:
3678:
3677:
3673:
3672:
3671:
3669:
3668:
3667:
3658:Edible molluscs
3628:
3627:
3626:
3621:
3613:
3608:
3600:
3595:
3587:
3582:
3574:
3571:Observation.org
3569:
3561:
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3530:
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3496:
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3478:
3470:
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3452:
3444:
3439:
3431:
3426:
3418:
3413:
3405:
3400:
3392:
3387:
3379:
3377:
3369:
3364:
3355:
3354:
3349:
3340:
3339:
3334:
3321:
3311:
3306:
3297:
3293:Bivalve anatomy
3266:
3228:
3214:Japanese flying
3195:
3145:
3105:
3082:
3048:
3004:
2954:
2924:
2905:Common European
2871:
2843:
2761:
2745:Peruvian calico
2709:
2630:
2627:(mussel family)
2576:
2533:
2478:Senilia senilis
2392:
2391:Edible mollusks
2389:
2359:
2354:
2345:
2284:
2256:
2240:
2235:Pinctada maxima
2207:
2125:Soft-shell clam
2103:
2051:
2000:
1991:
1934:
1928:
1879:
1871:Wayback Machine
1848:
1826:
1824:Further reading
1821:
1820:
1810:
1808:
1802:
1798:
1789:
1787:
1777:
1773:
1766:
1752:
1748:
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1730:
1726:
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1702:
1692:
1690:
1685:
1684:
1680:
1670:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1659:
1655:
1646:
1644:
1636:
1635:
1631:
1623:
1617:
1613:
1578:
1574:
1551:
1547:
1531:
1494:
1449:
1445:
1436:
1434:
1426:
1425:
1418:
1381:
1377:
1342:
1338:
1328:
1326:
1311:
1310:
1306:
1298:Systema naturae
1291:
1287:
1277:
1275:
1245:
1236:
1228:
1190:
1181:H. pomatia
1177:
1089:H. pomatia
1081:
1061:
1052:
1043:
1040:
1031:
1021:
999:H. pomatia
981:
974:
965:
959:H. pomatia
955:
946:
939:
930:
928:H. pomatia
921:
891:
882:
877:
835:
663:
633:, known as the
622:
621:
579:
567:
555:
543:
531:
519:
507:
495:
483:
471:
465:Brancsik, 1888
459:
447:
435:
423:
417:Gredler, 1892
411:
399:
387:
375:
363:
351:
339:
285:Servain, 1884
271:
267:
255:
243:
231:
217:Hartmann, 1844
209:
194:
185:
179:
166:
163:H. pomatia
129:Stylommatophora
74:
66:
55:
51:
44:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3676:
3666:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3623:
3622:
3620:
3619:
3606:
3593:
3580:
3567:
3554:
3541:
3528:
3515:
3502:
3489:
3476:
3463:
3454:Fauna Europaea
3450:
3437:
3424:
3411:
3398:
3385:
3375:
3362:
3347:
3331:
3329:
3323:
3322:
3308:
3307:
3302:
3299:
3298:
3296:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3278:Oyster farming
3274:
3272:
3271:Related topics
3268:
3267:
3265:
3264:
3257:
3250:
3242:
3240:
3234:
3233:
3230:
3229:
3227:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3205:
3203:
3197:
3196:
3194:
3193:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3155:
3153:
3147:
3146:
3144:
3143:
3138:
3132:
3130:
3121:
3115:
3114:
3111:
3110:
3107:
3106:
3104:
3103:
3098:
3092:
3090:
3084:
3083:
3081:
3080:
3073:
3066:
3063:Cornu aspersum
3058:
3056:
3050:
3049:
3047:
3046:
3041:
3034:
3029:
3023:
3021:
3012:
3006:
3005:
3003:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2964:
2962:
2956:
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2926:
2925:
2923:
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2917:
2912:
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2897:
2892:
2887:
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2873:
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2869:
2864:
2859:
2853:
2851:
2845:
2844:
2842:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2825:
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2815:
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2800:
2795:
2790:
2784:
2782:
2773:
2767:
2766:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2759:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2719:
2717:
2711:
2710:
2708:
2707:
2699:
2694:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2640:
2638:
2632:
2631:
2629:
2628:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2586:
2584:
2578:
2577:
2575:
2574:
2572:Giant Atlantic
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2543:
2541:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2531:
2524:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2494:Triangle shell
2491:
2486:
2481:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2411:
2409:
2400:
2394:
2393:
2388:
2387:
2380:
2373:
2365:
2356:
2355:
2350:
2347:
2346:
2344:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2316:Oyster farming
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2292:
2290:
2286:
2285:
2283:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2266:
2264:
2258:
2257:
2255:
2254:
2248:
2246:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2238:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2215:
2213:
2209:
2208:
2206:
2205:
2200:
2193:
2188:
2181:
2174:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2150:
2143:
2136:
2129:
2128:
2127:
2122:
2111:
2109:
2105:
2104:
2102:
2101:
2094:
2087:
2080:
2077:Pecten maximus
2073:
2068:
2062:
2060:
2053:
2052:
2050:
2049:
2044:
2037:
2030:
2023:
2020:Cornu aspersum
2016:
2008:
2006:
2002:
2001:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1989:
1982:
1975:
1968:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1945:
1943:
1936:
1935:
1927:
1926:
1919:
1912:
1904:
1898:
1897:
1892:
1886:
1878:
1877:External links
1875:
1874:
1873:
1846:
1825:
1822:
1819:
1818:
1796:
1771:
1764:
1746:
1724:
1700:
1678:
1653:
1629:
1611:
1572:
1545:
1492:
1443:
1416:
1375:
1356:(1): 218â234.
1336:
1304:
1285:
1233:
1232:
1227:
1224:
1189:
1186:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1171:
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1080:
1077:
1063:
1062:
1053:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1034:
1032:
1022:
1015:
1013:
983:
982:
975:
968:
966:
956:
949:
947:
940:
933:
931:
922:
915:
913:
906:hermaphroditic
904:This snail is
890:
887:
881:
878:
876:
873:
834:
831:
813:, it lives on
662:
659:
639:Burgundy snail
624:
623:
620:
619:
611:
606:Helix scalaris
603:
595:
590:Helix promaeca
587:
585:Kobelt, 1906
582:transsylvanica
578:Helix pomatia
575:
566:Helix pomatia
563:
554:Helix pomatia
551:
542:Helix pomatia
539:
530:Helix pomatia
527:
518:Helix pomatia
515:
513:Gredler, 1890
506:Helix pomatia
503:
501:Kobelt, 1907
494:Helix pomatia
491:
489:Kobelt, 1906
482:Helix pomatia
479:
470:Helix pomatia
467:
458:Helix pomatia
455:
446:Helix pomatia
443:
434:Helix pomatia
431:
422:Helix pomatia
419:
410:Helix pomatia
407:
405:Kobelt, 1906
398:Helix pomatia
395:
386:Helix pomatia
383:
381:Kobelt, 1906
374:Helix pomatia
371:
362:Helix pomatia
359:
357:Kobelt, 1906
350:Helix pomatia
347:
338:Helix pomatia
335:
327:
319:
311:
303:
295:
287:
279:
263:
251:
239:
227:
219:
210:
207:
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82:
81:
68:
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49:
46:
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40:
37:
36:
28:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3675:
3664:
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3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3635:
3633:
3616:
3611:
3607:
3603:
3598:
3594:
3590:
3585:
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3577:
3572:
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3551:
3546:
3542:
3538:
3533:
3529:
3525:
3520:
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3507:
3503:
3499:
3494:
3490:
3486:
3481:
3477:
3473:
3468:
3464:
3460:
3455:
3451:
3447:
3442:
3438:
3434:
3429:
3425:
3421:
3416:
3412:
3408:
3403:
3399:
3395:
3390:
3386:
3382:
3376:
3372:
3371:Helix_pomatia
3367:
3363:
3358:
3357:Helix pomatia
3352:
3348:
3343:
3337:
3333:
3332:
3330:
3328:
3327:Helix pomatia
3324:
3320:
3315:
3305:
3300:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3275:
3273:
3269:
3263:
3262:
3258:
3256:
3255:
3251:
3249:
3248:
3244:
3243:
3241:
3239:
3235:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3206:
3204:
3202:
3198:
3192:
3191:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3174:Pacific giant
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3152:
3148:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3133:
3131:
3129:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3116:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3093:
3091:
3089:
3085:
3079:
3078:
3077:Helix pomatia
3074:
3072:
3071:
3070:Helix lucorum
3067:
3065:
3064:
3060:
3059:
3057:
3055:
3051:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3039:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3024:
3022:
3020:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3007:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2985:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2965:
2963:
2961:
2957:
2951:
2950:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2935:
2933:
2931:
2927:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2882:
2880:
2878:
2874:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2854:
2852:
2850:
2846:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2785:
2783:
2781:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2768:
2758:
2757:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2740:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2720:
2718:
2716:
2712:
2705:
2704:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2691:
2690:Ostra chilena
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2641:
2639:
2637:
2633:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2595:Mediterranean
2593:
2591:
2588:
2587:
2585:
2583:
2579:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2544:
2542:
2540:
2536:
2530:
2529:
2525:
2523:(razor genus)
2522:
2521:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2479:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2462:Pacific razor
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2447:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2420:Atlantic surf
2418:
2416:
2413:
2412:
2410:
2408:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2395:
2386:
2381:
2379:
2374:
2372:
2367:
2366:
2363:
2353:
2348:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2326:Pearl farming
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2296:Heliciculture
2294:
2293:
2291:
2287:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2259:
2253:
2250:
2249:
2247:
2243:
2237:
2236:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2216:
2214:
2210:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2198:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2186:
2182:
2180:
2179:
2175:
2173:
2172:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2155:
2151:
2149:
2148:
2144:
2142:
2141:
2137:
2135:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2117:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2110:
2106:
2100:
2099:
2095:
2093:
2092:
2088:
2086:
2085:
2081:
2079:
2078:
2074:
2072:
2071:Queen scallop
2069:
2067:
2064:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2054:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2042:
2038:
2036:
2035:
2031:
2029:
2028:
2024:
2022:
2021:
2017:
2015:
2014:
2013:Helix pomatia
2010:
2009:
2007:
2003:
1998:
1988:
1987:
1983:
1981:
1980:
1976:
1974:
1973:
1969:
1967:
1966:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1944:
1942:
1937:
1933:
1925:
1920:
1918:
1913:
1911:
1906:
1905:
1902:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1887:
1885:
1881:
1880:
1872:
1868:
1865:
1861:
1858:
1854:
1853:Helix pomatia
1847:
1845:
1841:
1838:
1837:
1832:
1831:Helix pomatia
1828:
1827:
1806:
1800:
1786:
1782:
1775:
1767:
1765:9780121820435
1761:
1757:
1750:
1737:
1736:
1728:
1714:
1710:
1704:
1688:
1682:
1663:
1657:
1643:
1639:
1633:
1622:
1615:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1576:
1569:
1568:0-85199-318-4
1565:
1561:
1560:
1555:
1549:
1542:
1538:
1536:
1535:Helix pomatia
1529:
1527:
1525:
1523:
1521:
1519:
1517:
1515:
1513:
1511:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1503:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1447:
1433:
1429:
1423:
1421:
1412:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1379:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1340:
1324:
1320:
1319:
1314:
1308:
1301:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1273:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1259:
1254:
1252:
1251:Helix pomatia
1243:
1241:
1239:
1234:
1231:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1214:
1213:
1207:
1201:
1200:
1194:
1185:
1182:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1160:
1157:
1153:
1152:Great Britain
1150:
1146:
1145:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1124:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1113:IUCN Red List
1110:
1109:Least Concern
1106:
1105:Helix pomatia
1101:
1099:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1085:IUCN Red List
1076:
1074:
1071:was found in
1070:
1069:
1068:Urtica dioica
1060:
1056:
1050:
1045:
1038:
1033:
1030:
1026:
1019:
1014:
1011:
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1009:
1007:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
987:
979:
972:
967:
964:
960:
953:
948:
944:
937:
932:
929:
925:
919:
914:
911:
910:
909:
907:
899:
898:Helix pomatia
895:
886:
872:
869:
867:
863:
859:
855:
848:
847:Helix pomatia
844:
839:
830:
828:
824:
823:United States
820:
816:
812:
811:Great Britain
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
777:. Currently,
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
729:and southern
728:
724:
720:
719:Helix pomatia
716:
708:
704:
700:
696:
691:
684:
679:
672:
667:
658:
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
631:
630:Helix pomatia
615:
612:
607:
604:
599:
596:
591:
588:
583:
576:
573:Hazay, 1880
571:
564:
561:Kobelt, 1906
559:
552:
547:
540:
537:Ulicny, 1885
535:
528:
525:Hazay, 1880
523:
516:
511:
504:
499:
492:
487:
480:
477:Kobelt, 1906
475:
468:
463:
456:
451:
444:
441:Kobelt, 1906
439:
432:
429:Hazay, 1880
427:
420:
415:
408:
403:
396:
393:Kobelt, 1906
391:
384:
379:
372:
369:Hazay, 1880
367:
360:
355:
348:
343:
336:
331:
328:
323:
320:
317:Kobelt, 1906
315:
312:
307:
304:
299:
296:
291:
290:Helix pomaria
288:
283:
280:
275:
264:
259:
252:
247:
240:
235:
228:
223:
220:
215:
212:
211:
204:
201:
197:
193:
189:
184:
182:
181:Helix pomatia
176:
173:
172:Binomial name
169:
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151:
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143:
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103:
100:
97:
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84:
83:
78:
73:
69:
63:
58:
57:Least Concern
47:
43:
38:
34:
29:
26:
25:Helix pomatia
22:
19:
3326:
3259:
3252:
3245:
3188:
3179:Southern red
3076:
3075:
3068:
3061:
3036:
3010:Other snails
2982:
2947:
2754:
2737:
2723:Atlantic bay
2701:
2689:
2654:Southern mud
2526:
2518:
2476:
2457:Ocean quahog
2444:
2331:Pearl diving
2321:Oyster boats
2306:Clam digging
2233:
2229:Pearl oyster
2195:
2183:
2176:
2169:
2152:
2145:
2138:
2131:
2096:
2089:
2082:
2075:
2041:Otala lactea
2039:
2032:
2027:Helix aperta
2025:
2018:
2012:
2011:
1984:
1977:
1970:
1963:
1859:
1856:
1852:
1849:(in Russian)
1839:
1834:
1830:
1809:. Retrieved
1799:
1788:. Retrieved
1784:
1774:
1755:
1749:
1739:, retrieved
1734:
1727:
1716:. Retrieved
1712:
1703:
1691:. Retrieved
1681:
1669:. Retrieved
1656:
1645:. Retrieved
1641:
1632:
1614:
1589:
1585:
1575:
1557:
1553:
1548:
1534:
1460:
1456:
1446:
1435:. Retrieved
1431:
1392:
1388:
1378:
1353:
1349:
1339:
1327:. Retrieved
1323:Species 2000
1316:
1307:
1296:
1288:
1276:. Retrieved
1262:
1256:
1250:
1229:
1221:
1216:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1197:
1180:
1178:
1144:BundeslÀnder
1104:
1102:
1088:
1082:
1079:Conservation
1072:
1066:
1064:
1058:
1024:
998:
988:
984:
977:
958:
942:
927:
912:Reproduction
903:
897:
883:
870:
851:
846:
778:
718:
715:distribution
713:The present
712:
706:
702:
698:
694:
670:
661:Distribution
642:
638:
634:
629:
628:
627:
617:Sayn, 1888
613:
605:
598:Helix pyrgia
597:
589:
577:
565:
553:
549:Hazay, 1880
541:
529:
517:
505:
493:
481:
469:
457:
453:Adami, 1885
445:
433:
421:
409:
397:
385:
373:
361:
349:
337:
329:
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313:
305:
297:
289:
281:
265:
253:
241:
229:
221:
213:
180:
178:
162:
161:
149:
24:
18:
3545:NatureServe
3493:iNaturalist
3351:Wikispecies
3224:Neon flying
2930:Periwinkles
2890:Turtle/talc
2823:Green ormer
2733:New Zealand
2703:Crassostrea
2684:Sydney rock
2562:New Zealand
2484:Smooth clam
2452:Blunt gaper
2262:Cephalopods
1930:Commercial
1862:: 131â138.
1552:Heller J.:
1432:iNaturalist
1293:Linnaeus C.
1029:hibernation
1023:Drawing of
1012:Hibernation
995:hibernation
980:laying eggs
976:Drawing of
833:Description
709:optic nerve
635:Roman snail
498:pedemontana
462:lednicensis
426:hajnaldiana
390:dobrudschae
354:claudiensis
3632:Categories
3141:Bottletail
3128:Cuttlefish
3088:Freshwater
3032:Korean mud
2995:Pear whelk
2771:Gastropods
2728:Great/king
2674:Windowpane
2669:Portuguese
2605:California
2509:Razor clam
2489:Soft-shell
2336:Ama divers
2289:Techniques
2280:Cuttlefish
1954:Periwinkle
1941:gastropods
1842:: 91â101.
1790:2020-08-17
1741:2023-07-22
1718:2023-07-22
1647:2023-07-22
1541:AnimalBase
1463:(2): 156.
1437:2024-07-15
1226:References
1073:H. pomatia
1059:H. pomatia
1025:H. pomatia
1003:calcareous
991:estivation
978:H. pomatia
943:H. pomatia
941:A pair of
841:View of a
779:H. pomatia
671:H. pomatia
378:costellata
258:sphaeralis
119:Gastropoda
3136:Spineless
3000:Lightning
2968:Channeled
2625:Mytilidae
2514:Pod razor
2435:Hard clam
1857:Ruthenica
1606:0022-2933
1487:214283688
1479:0008-3550
1411:1424-2818
1395:(1): 24.
1389:Diversity
1370:0024-4066
1199:escargots
1055:Epiphragm
1006:epiphragm
963:love dart
889:Lifecycle
866:umbilicus
685:, Germany
570:solitaria
522:pulskyana
486:pannonica
450:lagarinae
157:Species:
139:Helicidae
95:Kingdom:
89:Eukaryota
3550:2.115371
3511:10235747
3378:BioLib:
3336:Wikidata
3304:Category
3219:Humboldt
3169:Big blue
3027:Mud-flat
2978:Kellet's
2818:Greenlip
2813:Blacklip
2715:Scallops
2398:Bivalves
2341:Trawling
2311:Dredging
2058:bivalves
2047:Escargot
1932:mollusks
1867:Archived
1864:abstract
1295:(1758).
1217:escargot
1212:escargot
862:aperture
801:and the
769:and the
747:Bulgaria
705:retina,
683:Odenwald
643:escargot
546:sabulosa
438:kapellae
414:gratiosa
366:compacta
342:banatica
200:Synonyms
188:Linnaeus
135:Family:
109:Mollusca
105:Phylum:
99:Animalia
85:Domain:
62:IUCN 3.1
3610:ZooBank
3602:1000986
3485:2294287
3342:Q245314
3238:Chitons
3151:Octopus
3119:Inkfish
3101:Nerites
2990:Knobbed
2877:Limpets
2862:Elegant
2849:Conches
2839:Chilean
2780:Abalone
2664:Pacific
2649:Olympia
2644:Eastern
2636:Oysters
2582:Mussels
2539:Cockles
2528:Paphies
2425:Geoduck
2270:Octopus
2165:Geoduck
2066:Scallop
1949:Abalone
1939:Marine
1884:Holmiae
1811:14 June
1693:22 July
1671:22 July
1329:14 July
1278:10 June
1168:Denmark
1138:Austria
1128:Germany
1111:by the
1027:during
989:During
880:Habitat
875:Ecology
819:England
803:Benelux
799:Denmark
787:Finland
759:Croatia
743:Romania
739:Moldova
735:Ukraine
727:Germany
558:serbica
534:radiata
510:piceata
474:luteola
274:pomatia
246:rustica
234:gesneri
145:Genus:
125:Order:
115:Class:
60: (
3589:349693
3537:156519
3459:426188
3433:HELXPO
3420:449906
3394:312019
3159:Common
3044:Bailer
2973:Common
2960:Whelks
2943:Banded
2938:Common
2920:Rustic
2692:/Bluff
2567:Sydney
2557:Goolwa
2547:Common
2499:Tuatua
2224:Mussel
2219:Oyster
2191:Tuatua
2160:Cockle
1762:
1689:. 2022
1667:. 2016
1604:
1566:
1485:
1477:
1409:
1368:
1162:France
860:. The
858:whorls
827:Canada
795:Norway
791:Sweden
783:Moskva
775:France
751:Serbia
731:Poland
701:lens,
266:Helix
3597:WoRMS
3524:77907
3506:IRMNG
3498:61523
3441:EUNIS
3407:6LLM4
3201:Squid
3184:Mimic
3096:Apple
2900:China
2857:Queen
2803:Green
2798:Black
2788:White
2750:Yesso
2610:Brown
2552:Blood
2520:Ensis
2467:Venus
2440:Horse
2407:Clams
2275:Squid
1959:Whelk
1890:11â22
1665:(PDF)
1624:(PDF)
1483:S2CID
854:shell
843:shell
815:chalk
809:. In
807:Spain
797:, in
763:Italy
723:human
651:snail
649:land
641:, or
402:elsae
270:Helix
150:Helix
3576:7718
3563:6536
3558:NCBI
3532:IUCN
3519:ITIS
3480:GBIF
3428:EPPO
3389:BOLD
3381:2981
3054:Land
2828:PÄua
2808:Pink
2679:Rock
2620:Date
2590:Blue
2115:Clam
1813:2014
1760:ISBN
1695:2023
1673:2023
1602:ISSN
1564:ISBN
1475:ISSN
1407:ISSN
1366:ISSN
1331:2024
1280:2024
1263:2011
1175:Uses
852:The
825:and
793:and
757:and
737:and
580:var.
568:var.
556:var.
544:var.
532:var.
520:var.
508:var.
496:var.
484:var.
472:var.
460:var.
448:var.
436:var.
424:var.
412:var.
400:var.
388:var.
376:var.
364:var.
352:var.
340:var.
256:var.
244:var.
232:var.
208:List
192:1758
3446:174
3415:EoL
3402:CoL
3366:ADW
3019:Sea
2867:Dog
2793:Red
1844:PDF
1594:doi
1465:doi
1461:133
1397:doi
1358:doi
1354:123
1267:doi
1119:'s
1057:of
993:or
926:of
845:of
745:to
717:of
681:In
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3338::
1860:15
1840:14
1783:.
1711:.
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1600:.
1590:57
1588:.
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1539:.
1495:^
1481:.
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1455:.
1430:.
1419:^
1405:.
1393:14
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1387:.
1364:.
1352:.
1348:.
1321:.
1315:.
1261:.
1255:.
1237:^
1117:EU
997:,
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789:,
767:Po
753:,
637:,
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1467::
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1269::
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268:(
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