Heidelberg Castle - Knowledge

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into profound chasms and abysses where twilight reigns and the sun cannot intrude. Nature knows how to garnish a ruin to get the best effect. One of these old towers is split down the middle, and one half has tumbled aside. It tumbled in such a way as to establish itself in a picturesque attitude. Then all it lacked was a fitting drapery, and Nature has furnished that; she has robed the rugged mass in flowers and verdure, and made it a charm to the eye. The standing half exposes its arched and cavernous rooms to you, like open, toothless mouths; there, too, the vines and flowers have done their work of grace. The rear portion of the tower has not been neglected, either, but is clothed with a clinging garment of polished ivy which hides the wounds and stains of time. Even the top is not left bare, but is crowned with a flourishing group of trees

2005: 1993: 436: 424: 393: 1947: 1817: 1839: 1793: 454: 262: 915: 2039: 1759: 2099: 132: 2087: 1981: 1935: 1747: 2349: 963: 2017: 862: 1873: 628: 1959: 2455: 2431: 473: 2873: 1897: 892:. The office made a detailed plan for preserving or repairing the main building. They completed their work in 1890, which led a commission of specialists from across Germany to decide that while a complete or partial rebuilding of the castle was not possible, it was possible to preserve it in its current condition. Only the Friedrich Building, whose interiors were fire damaged, but not ruined, would be restored. This reconstruction was done from 1897 to 1900 by Karl Schäfer at the enormous cost of 520,000 Marks. 1022:

the sound condition of the castle that have been handed down permitted this. But it would take the unique phenomenon to Heidelberg that the castle in its ruinous condition has to register a considerable profit at aesthetic values. A rebuilt castle would equal a disenchantment, would be certification of an inadequate displacement process of history opposite, and granted to participating nature no more clearance. Which the understanding at realization clarity would win, would be lost to the mind at turn depth.

901: 2443: 1108: 4450: 1851: 694: 2419: 1885: 1771: 49: 1345: 2204: 1352: 778: 1137:, who knew each other well, stood in the service of the English king's court. Caus accompanied the newlyweds on their return journey to Heidelberg. Jones came to Heidelberg as well in June 1613. Very soon, the building of an enormous garden was tackled. However, the plants were intended for level ground, and the slope of the mountain had to be converted. First earth movements had to be achieved, which contemporaries regarded as the eighth wonder of the world. 2814: 4462: 2280: 984:

all Romantics came to be a ruin, I replied mischievously, "it was destroyed by American bombs." The reaction of the soldiers was very instructive. I will speculate briefly: the shock to their consciousness—stemming from an aesthetic, not an ethical problem—was extraordinary: the "ruin" no longer appeared beautiful to them; on the contrary, they regretted (thus: with realistic present consciousness) the recent destruction of a large building.

1359: 4426: 4438: 1321:. He, by the way, financed his collection "of the Altertümer" for the history of the city and the Castle, from his own fortune. It is due to him that the Castle still stands. He accomplished also the first historical excavations in the Castle and lived for a time long in the Castle yard, in order to prevent the citizens of Heidelberg take building material for their houses from the Castle out-fallow. 362:, who were answerable only to kings, emperors, and popes, and was of too much significance to bend to their whims, but couldn't raise his head without coming into conflict with them, and that is because, in my opinion, that the Heidelberg Castle has always taken up some position of opposition towards the powerful. Circa 1300, the time of its founding, it starts with a 206:. The claim that Conrad's main residence was on the Schlossberg (Castle Hill), known as the Jettenbühl, cannot be substantiated. The name "Jettenbühl" comes from the soothsayer Jetta, who was said to have lived there. She is also associated with Wolfsbrunnen (Wolf's Spring) and the Heidenloch (Heathens' Well). The first mention of a castle in Heidelberg (Latin: " 848:. He fought the government of Baden, which viewed the castle as an "old ruin with a multitude of tasteless, crumbling ornaments", for the preservation of the building. Until 1822, he served as a voluntary castle warden, and lived for a while in the Glass Wing (Gläserner Saalbau), where he could keep an eye on the courtyard. Long before the origin of 1280:. Liselotte, who later described herself as a "lunatic bee" (German: "dolle Hummel"), rode her horse at a gallop over the hills round Heidelberg and enjoyed her freedom. She often slipped out of the castle early in the morning to climb a cherry tree and gorge herself with cherries. In 1717, looking back on her childhood in Heidelberg, she wrote: 608:

never-ending tribuluations, the Thirty Years War, Gustav Adolfs Ruhmesblatt and finally the War of the Grand Alliance, the Turennes mission. All of these terrible events have blighted the castle. Three emperors, Louis the Bavarian, Adolf of Nassau, and Leopold of Austria, have laid siege to it; Pio II condemned it; Louis XIV wreaked havoc on it.

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castle and destroyed the town in attempt to weaken the castle's main support base. The castle's occupants capitulated the next day. Now the French took the opportunity to finish off the work started in 1689, after their hurried exit from the town. The towers and walls that had survived the last wave of destruction, were blown up with mines.

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admire would certainly have been decorated in the pompadour style); on this day, then, with the prince's furnishings already arrived and waiting in the Church of the Holy Spirit, fire from heaven hit the octagonal tower, set light to the roof, and destroyed this five-hundred-year-old castle in very few hours.

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Ruins are the pinnacle of what we have called "historical" Exoticism. As a jumping off point, a story from experience may serve: in 1945 shortly after the surrender of Germany, when asked by an American soldier who was eagerly "picture-taking" at the Heidelberg Castle how this place of pilgrimage for

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A ruin must be rightly situated, to be effective. This one could not have been better placed. It stands upon a commanding elevation, it is buried in green woods, there is no level ground about it, but, on the contrary, there are wooded terraces upon terraces, and one looks down through shining leaves

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Hoppe Stephan: Die Architektur des Heidelberger Schlosses in der ersten Hälfte des 16. Jahrhunderts. Neue Datierungen und Interpretationen. (online auf ART-Dok) In: Volker Rödel (Red.): Mittelalter. Schloss Heidelberg und die Pfalzgrafschaft bei Rhein bis zur Reformationszeit. (= Schätze aus unseren

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In the 20th century, Americans spread Heidelberg's reputation outside Europe. Thus, Japanese also often visit the Heidelberg Castle during their trips to Europe. Heidelberg has, at the beginning of the 21st century, more than three million visitors a year and about 1,000,000 overnight stays. Most of

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The oldest description of Heidelberg from 1465 mentions that the city is "frequented by strangers", but it did not really become a tourist attraction until the beginning of the 19th century. Count Graimberg made the castle a pervasive subject for pictures which became forerunners of the postcard. At

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But let me talk of its castle. (This is absolutely essential, and I should actually have begun with it.) What times it has been through! Five hundred years long it has been victim to everything that has shaken Europe, and now it has collapsed under its weight. That is because this Heidelberg Castle,

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Because of a shortage of good, healthy fountain water; whenever the royal household was in Mannheim, the necessary water was brought from the mountain daily. It was well known in which garage was kept the special water wagon, that drove to Heidelberg daily and that brought water out of the Prince's

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Liselotte is estimated to have written 60,000 letters, around one-tenth of which, survive to this day. The letters are penned in French and German and describe very vividly life at the French court. Most of them she wrote to her aunt Sophia and her half-sister Marie-Luise, but she also corresponded

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in Germany, he was the first person to take an interest in the conservation and documentation of the castle, which may never have occurred to any of the Romantics. Graimberg asked Thomas A. Leger to prepare the first castle guide. With his pictures of the castle, of which many copies were produced,

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Automatically one thinks, who would dedicate oneself to the devoted care of these enormous walls, were they to be constructed again. As to expenditure that does not make much difference, but how would it be arranged! It would require seeds of its historical imaginings, as far as extant pictures of

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became the King of Germany in 1401, the castle was so small that on his return from his coronation, he had to camp out in the Augustinians' monastery, on the site of today's University Square. What he desired was more space for his entourage and court and to impress his guests, but also additional

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In order Graimberg's wrote Thomas A. Leger's first sources written on the basis written Castle leader. A copy of this leader from the 1836 "Le guide des voyageurs dans la ruine de Heidelberg " ("Guide for travellers in the ruins of the Heidelberger Castle"), was acquired by Victor Hugo during his

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In 1619, Frederick V, then a young man, seized the crown of the kings of Bohemia, against the will of the emperor, and in 1687, Philip William, Count Palatine, by then an old man, assumes the title of prince-elector, against the will of the king of France. This was to cause Heidelberg battles and

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The earliest castle structure was built before 1214 and later expanded into two castles circa 1294; however, in 1537, a lightning bolt destroyed the upper castle. The present structures had been expanded by 1650, before damage by later wars and fires. In 1764, another lightning bolt caused a fire

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One could even say that the very heavens had intervened. On 23 June 1764, the day before Karl Theodor was to move into the castle and make it his seat (which, by the bye, would have been a great disaster, for if Karl Theodor had spent his thirty years there, these austere ruins which we today so

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had the walls and towers rebuilt. When the French again reached the gates of Heidelberg in 1691 and 1692, the town's defenses were so good that they did not gain entry. On 18 May 1693 the French were yet again at the town's gates and took it on 22 May. However, they did not attain control of the

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Of Charles de Graimberg reminds an honour board, which was attached 1868 at the passage to the Altan: "The memory of Karl count von Graimberg, born in Castle of Paars (near Château-Thierry) in France 1774, died in Heidelberg 1864. Heidelberg castle is home to the largest wine keg in the world!"

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had the residential building erected between 1601 and 1607. Johannes Schoch (ca. 1550–1631) was the architect of the building. The facades were endowed with the statues of the electors' ancestors – which was a familiar concept given the Ottheinrich's wing. Sebastian Götz from Chur (ca. 1575 –

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was signed, marking the end of the War of the Grand Alliance and finally bringing peace to the town. Plans were made to pull down the castle and to reuse parts of it for a new palace in the valley. When difficulties with this plan became apparent, the castle was patched up. At the same time,

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The forecourt is the area enclosed between the main gate, the upper prince's well, the Elisabeth gate, the castle gate and the entrance to the garden. Around 1800 it was used by the overseer for drying laundry. Later on it was used for grazing cattle, and chickens and geese were kept here.

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welcomed the addition to his territory, although he regarded Heidelberg Castle as an unwanted addition. The structure was decaying and the townsfolk were helping themselves to stone, wood, and iron from the castle to build their own houses. The statuary and ornaments were also fair game.

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The religious conflict was probably only one reason for the move to Mannheim. In addition, converting the old-fashioned hill-top castle into a Baroque palace would have been difficult and costly. By moving down into the plain, the prince-elector was able to construct a new palace,

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Chézy, Helmina von: Manual for travellers to Heidelberg and its environs : a guide for foreigners and natives; with an appendix and the panorama of the Heidelberg castle, maps and plans. 3. ed. of the description of Heidelberg, Mannheim etc.. Heidelberg: Engelmann,

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to sketch the Castle for a landscape, he stayed for the remaining 54 years of his life. With his copper passes of the Castle ruins, he documented its condition and put the foundation-stone for the Roman Castle, which should protect the ruin against final decay.

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Although there were two significant fires in 1693 and 1764, it is the best preserved building part of the castle. From 1890 to 1900, the Friedrichsbau was fundamentally renovated in the 'historicist style' according to the designs of the Karlsruhe professor

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hill behind it, the commander of the Catholic League garrison handed over the castle. The following year, the emperor's troops tried to recapture the castle, but it was not until July 1635 that they succeeded. It remained in their possession until the

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Hanschke, Julian: Neue Forschungen zur Baugeschichte des Heidelberger Schlosses : Vorabauszug aus dem für 2015 geplanten Abschlussband zu dem am Institut für Baugeschichte (KIT) 2010–2013 durchgeführten Forschungsprojekt. Karlsruhe: KIT, 2014.

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From October 1612 until April 1613, Frederick V spent nearly a half year in England, and though only 17 years old, thereby took up contact with important architects, who later undertook changes and new building plans for the Heidelberg Castle.

673:), in order to prevent an enemy attack from this area. As the French withdrew from the castle on 2 March 1689, they set fire to it and blew the front off the Fat Tower. Portions of the town were also burned, but the mercy of a French general, 1241:"So I judge that papa must not have understood the magnitude of the matter of signing me over; but I was a burden to him and he was worried that I would become an old maid, so got rid of me as quickly as he was able. That was to be my fate." 741:

planned to move his court back to Heidelberg Castle. However, on 24 June 1764, lightning struck the Saalbau (court building) twice in a row, again setting the castle on fire, which he regarded as a sign from heaven and changed his plans.

546: 2050: 539:. It was during the Thirty Years War that arms were raised against the castle for the first time. This period marks the end of the castle's construction; the centuries to follow brought with them destruction and rebuilding. 2074: 959:

the foreign visitors come either from the USA or Japan. The most important attraction, according to surveys by the Geographical Institute of the University of Heidelberg, is the castle with its observation terraces.

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The water quality in Mannheim was so bad, that upper-class families of the court financed this transport of water from Heidelberg to Mannheim. In the princely residence, until 1777 there was a court position titled

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painters were not interested in faithful portrayals of the building and gave artistic licence free rein. For example, Turner's paintings of the castle show it perched far higher up on the hill than it actually is.

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expressed his indignation in 1803 at the government of Baden's intention to pull down the ruins. At the beginning of the nineteenth century, the ruined castle had become a symbol for the patriotic movement against

2062: 1230:'s court in Hanover. She often returned to Heidelberg with her father. At the age of 19, she was wedded for political reasons to the brother of the king of France. It was not a happy marriage. When her brother 996:

took place: the Renaissance (like the first generation) admired the ancient Torso, "not because, but although it was a Torso". One found beauty, but "unfortunately" (!) only as ruin. The second generation

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to famously watch over the castle's wine stock. Perkeo later became the unofficial mascot of the city. In 1720, Charles came into conflict with the town's Protestants as a result of fully handing over the

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In his house (today: Palace Graimberg, at the beginning of the footpath to the Castle) he developed a curiosity cabinet with pieces of find from the Castle, which later became the basic pieces of the

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The building standing on the site of the Friedrichsbau contained the court chapel. However, since there were severe structural damages which could not be repaired according to the experts , Elector

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The important culture and era critic Günther Anders pointed out that—contrary to widespread opinion—the Romantic Era did not first admire the view for the "beauty of the ruin." Rather the following

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and lost all interest in the castle. When on 12 April 1720, Charles announced the removal of the court and all its administrative bodies to Mannheim, he wished that "Grass may grow on her streets".

1804: 1144:, which however ended in a debacle. After 1619, Frederick V—against the expressed advice of many counsellors—was chosen as the Bohemian king, he could not maintain the crown after he lost at the 796:. Heidelberg Castle receded even further from his thoughts and the rooms which still had roofs were taken over by craftsmen. Even as early as 1767, the south wall was quarried for stone to build 4232: 2004: 253:

All that is known about the founding of the lower castle is that it took place sometime between 1294 and 1303. The oldest documented references to Heidelberg Castle are found during the 1600s:

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Kühnle, Johannes: Schloss Heidelberg : Geschichte, Architektur, Kuriositäten ; Gedichte, Lieder, Impressionen, Rundgang. Leimen (bei Heidelberg): Jk-Multimedia Consult, 2000

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Metzger, Johann: Beschreibung des Heidelberger Schlosses und Gartens : nach gründlichen Untersuchungen und den vorzüglichsten Nachrichten bearbeitet. Heidelberg: Osswald, 1829.

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Roux, Jacob Wilhelm Christian: Six views of Heidelberg and its castle / drawn and engraved by Prof. Roux. Together with a short text by A. Schreiber. Heidelberg: Engelmann, 1826.

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Sauer, Fritz: Das Heidelberger Schloß im Spiegel der Literatur : eine Studie über die entwicklungsgeschichtlichen Phasen seiner Betrachtungsweise. Heidelberg: Winter, 1910.

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Metzger, Johann: An historical description of the Castle of Heidelberg and its gardens: composed from careful researches and authentic accounts. Heidelberg: Meder, 1830.

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The approach to the forecourt takes you across a stone bridge, over a partially filled-in ditch. The main gate was built in 1528. The original watchhouse was destroyed in the

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for the date 1741. Through this fountain and the Lower Prince's Fountain were the water needs of the Prince's residences in Mannheim met until into the 19th century.

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Volker Rödel (ed.): Mittelalter. Schloss Heidelberg und die Pfalzgrafschaft bei Rhein bis zur Reformationszeit (=Schätze aus unseren Schlössern, 7). Regensburg 2002.

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Also Günter Heinemann raises the question of whether one could restore the Heidelberg Castle incompletely. Near the view from the Stück-garden over the deer moat (

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The castle has only been partially rebuilt since its demolition in the 17th and 18th centuries. It is located 80 metres (260 ft) up the northern part of the

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played with the idea of completely redesigning the castle, but shelved the project due to lack of funds. He did, however, install his favorite court jester,

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Even before 1800, artists had come to see the river, the hills and the ruins of the castle as an ideal ensemble. The best depictions are those of England's

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My God, how often at five in the morning I stuffed myself with cherries and a good piece of bread on the hill! In those days I was lustier than now I am.

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on 8 November 1620, Frederick V was on the run as an outlaw and had to release his troops prematurely, leaving the Palatinate undefended against General

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Wacker, Heiko P.: Das Heidelberger Schloss : Burg – Residenz – Denkmal. Ubstadt-Weiher ; Heidelberg ; Basel: Verl. Regionalkultur, 2012.

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After Ruprecht's death in 1410, his land was divided between his four sons. The Palatinate, the heart of his territories, was given to the eldest son,

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the same time, the castle was also found on souvenir cups. Tourism received a big boost when Heidelberg was connected to the railway network in 1840.

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In 1961 a stone tablet was erected on a ruined wall of the aviary to replace an older tablet. The inscription on the tablet includes verses by

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to the Catholics (it had previously been split by a partition and used by both congregations), the Catholic prince-elector moved his court to

4537: 3863: 3044: 1305:(copperplate engraver) Count Charles de Graimberg fled the French Revolution and emigrated with his family to England. He applied in 1810 to 1958: 1792: 667:. At war against the allied European powers, France's war council decided to destroy all fortifications and to lay waste to the Palatinate ( 4532: 4333: 3493: 3154: 2086: 2454: 3803: 3094: 2869: 1001:

the "ruin of the beautiful one" for the "beauty of the ruin." And from here to industrial "production of ruins" the way was clear: like

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Buselmeier, Michael (ed). Alles will für dich erglühen: das Heidelberger Schloss in Texten und Bildern. Heidelberg: Morio Verlag, 2018.

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The House of Orléans is descended from the children of Liselotte and Philipp, which came to the French throne in 1830 in the person of

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troops. On 26 August 1622, Tilly commenced his attack on Heidelberg, taking the town on 16 September, and the castle a few days later.

559:) towards the Old Town area of Heidelberg. Visible in the background are the Heidelberg Castle, Heiliggeist Church, and the Old Bridge. 3414: 2922: 2684:

Waldschmidt, Wolfram: Altheidelberg und sein Schloß : Kulturbilder aus dem Leben der Pfalzgrafen bei Rhein Jena: Diederich, 1909.

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and usurps his position; 120 years later in 1519, Count Palatine Frederick II was to create the young King Charles I of Spain Emperor

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and replaced in 1718 by a round-arched entrance gate. The gate to the left of the main entrance was closed by means of a drawbridge.

1928:. The present form of the roof and the room furnishings on second and third floors are among the implementations of this renovation. 836:, who stayed in Heidelberg several times between 1817 and 1844, and painted Heidelberg and the castle many times. He and his fellow 2681:

Heidelberger Schlossverein Mitteilungen zur Geschichte des Heidelberger Schlosses — 3.1896 https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.2905.11

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Schlössern. Band 7). Regensburg 2002, S. 183–190 und S. 205–210. http://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/artdok/volltexte/2010/994

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Müller, Jan-Dirk, Der siegreiche Fürst im Entwurf der Gelehrten, in, Buck, Augus (ed.), Höfischer Humanismus, Weinheim 1989.

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tree, from which Goethe gave a leaf to Marianne von Willemer as a symbol of friendship. The poem was published later as "

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from Harry B. Davis: "What Happened in Heidelberg: From Heidelberg Man to the Present": Verlag Brausdruck GmbH, 1977.

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from Harry B. Davis: "What Happened in Heidelberg: From Heidelberg Man to the Present": Verlag Brausdruck GmbH, 1977.

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Christian Philipp Köster - Blick auf Heidelberg und das Heidelberger Schloss - 1438 - Staatliche Kunsthalle Karlsruhe

334:. Ludwig was the representative of the emperor and the supreme judge, and it was in this capacity that he, after the 17: 1920:

Friedrich's wing houses the court chapel on the ground floor and the prince's apartment on the upper levels.

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who he claimed was the rightful heir to the Simmern lands. On 29 September 1688, the French troops marched into the

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The letter containing this poem with which Goethe included two Ginkgo leaves can be viewed in the Goethe Museum in

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loved to play with his children in the town of Heidelberg and to go for walks along the slopes of the hills of the

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served two congregations (Protestant and Catholic) for a time and was the reason why the court removed to Mannheim.

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Richard-Janillon, Vincent : Wanderings through the ruins of Heidelberg Castle and its environs. . Heidelberg, 1858

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The question of whether the castle should be completely restored was discussed for a long time. In 1868, the poet

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Mauntel, Christoph; Meyer, Carla; Wendt, Achim (ed.), Heidelberg in Mittelalter und Renaissance, Ostfildern 2017.

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Morgan, Luke, Nature as model: Salomon de Caus and early seventeenth-century landscape design, Philadelphia 2007.

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Harry B. Davis: "What Happened in Heidelberg: From Heidelberg Man to the Present": Verlag Brausdruck GmbH, 1977.

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Harry B. Davis: "What Happened in Heidelberg: From Heidelberg Man to the Present": Verlag Brausdruck GmbH, 1977.

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shrubs. Misfortune has done for this old tower what it has done for the human character sometimes – improved it.

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took particular pleasure in strolling among the ruins of the castle. He summarised its history in this letter:

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Hitchcock, Henry Russell: German Renaissance architecture. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press, 1981.

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Even after thirty-six years in France, she still thought of Heidelberg as her home, and wrote in a letter to

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stay in Heidelberg. This copy provided with notes is issued today in "the Maison de Victor Hugo" in Paris.

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The Heidelberg Castle Powder Turret, split by an explosion, was described by Mark Twain in his 1880 book

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argued for a complete reconstruction, leading to a strong backlash in public meetings and in the press.

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In 1777, Karl Theodor became ruler of Bavaria in addition to the Palatinate and removed his court from

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The former harness room, originally a coach house, was in reality begun as a fortification. After the

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In the following decades, basic repairs were made, but Heidelberg Castle remained essentially a ruin.

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All of these works are for the most part superficial and do not contain much information. In 1615,

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Cohn HJ. The Early Renaissance Court in Heidelberg. European Studies Review. 1971;1(4):295–322.

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The upper castle on Kleiner Gaisberg Mountain, near today's Hotel Molkenkur (destroyed in 1537);

3301: 2218: 1884: 1226:

Liselotte, granddaughter of Frederick V, was born in Heidelberg Castle and grew up at her aunt

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ALeXanDro Blblena CVra et opera HenrICl Neeb Fons hIC PrInCIpaLIs reparat(Vs) PVrIor sCatVrlt

2214: 2207: 966:

View from Stück-garden upon the ruins of the Rondells, the Heidelberg Old Town and Old Bridge

861: 849: 627: 162: 3760: 3248: 3892: 2678:

Woerl, Leo. Woerl's Manuals of Travel. Heidelberg Castle and Neighborhood. Wurzburg , 1889.

1219:

branch of the Wittelbachs died out, Louis XIV laid claim to the Palatinate and started the

1122: 845: 808: 714: 335: 215: 203: 158: 4081: 2878: 2740:

Pape, Burkhard: Das Heidelberger Schloss und seine Befestigungen. Petersberg: Imhof, 2013.

2672: 1253:"Why does the prince elector not have the castle rebuilt? It would certainly be worth it." 1234:

died without issue, Louis XIV claimed the Palatinate for himself and declared war on her.

234: 150:. The castle ruins are among the most important Renaissance structures north of the Alps. 105: 8: 4430: 4278: 4177: 4129: 4105: 3784: 3342: 3332: 3123: 2703:

Davis, Harry B.: "What Happened in Heidelberg: From Heidelberg Man to the Present". 1977.

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When the Swedes captured Heidelberg on 5 May 1633 and opened fire on the castle from the

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The Thesaurus Pictuarum of the Palatinate church counsel Markus zum Lamb (1559 to 1606);

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Wendt, Achim: Schloss Heidelberg. Regensburg: Schnell & Steiner, 2015.

2706:

Sauer, Willi: Heidelberg : a guide to town and castle. Heidelberg: von König, 1979

1216: 664: 597:(Karl Ludwig) and his family did not move into the ruined castle until 7 October 1649. 415: 295: 3916: 3195: 2637: 2616: 2595: 2551: 2502: 1266: 1227: 1141: 1081:

1810: Charles de Graimberg dedicates himself to the preservation of the Castle ruins.

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View of the Gläserner Saalbau, Hall of Glass in the middle, taken from the courtyard

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established a "Castle field office", supervised by building director Josef Durm in

536: 528: 443: 1896: 900: 512:) and paid a visit to the castle. He was shown around by Louis's younger brother, 4213: 3712: 3226: 3089: 2805:

in the Appendix of his 1880 European travelogue "The Tramp Abroad", available at

1148:(Bílá hora) (height 379m/1243 ft) against the troops of the Emperor and the 1134: 833: 731: 517: 463: 157:

hillside, and thereby dominates the view of the old downtown. It is served by an

1925: 746:, who had come to love the ruins of the castle, also saw it as a divine signal: 4466: 3975: 2728:

Frese, Anette; Hepp, Frieder; Ludwig, Renate, Der Winterkönig, Remshalden 2004.

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Under the rule of Frederick V, the Palatine sought Protestant supremacy in the

935: 933:, the American author, described the Heidelberg Castle in his 1880 travel book 906: 648: 363: 346:

in custody before he was taken to Burg Eichelsheim (today Mannheim-Lindenhof).

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The Upper Prince's Fountain was designed and built during the reign of Prince

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who accepted despite misgivings and in doing so triggered the outbreak of the

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one now sets ruins into the landscape, in order for the landscape to become

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wing were filled in, and the castle used as a source of building materials.

369:; in Count Rudolf and Emperor Ludwig, these degenerate brothers, it has its 4449: 3808: 3099: 2700:

Baier, Hermann, Heidelberg Castle: A Guide Through Historical Places, 1974.

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it was used as a stables as well as a toolshed, garage and carriage house.

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Hanschke, Julian, Schloss Heidelberg: Architektur und Baugeschichte, 2015.

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Wiese, Wolfgang: Heidelberg castle. Berlin, München: Dt. Kunstverl., 2009.

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proclaimed: "Oh, the Palatine is moving to Bohemia." After his escape to

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Façade van het Schloss Ottheinrichsbau, onderdeel van Schloss Heidelberg

1175:). The Rhein Palatinate was transferred in 1623 to Duke Maximilian I of 853:

Graimberg promoted the castle ruins and drew many tourists to the town.

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Hubach, Hanns: Heidelberg : das Schloss . Heidelberg: Braus, 1995.

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by the Heidelberg librarian and professor Pithopoeus (started in 1587);

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that runs from Heidelberg's Kornmarkt to the summit of the Königstuhl.

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written on 28 August 1824, on the occasion of Goethe's 75th birthday.

1952:

Schloss Heidelberg, Friedrichsbau, from Thesaurus Picturarum, ca. 1601

1208: 1156:, Frederick V entered another phase of his career: political refugee. 975:

The Heidelberg professor Ludwig Giesz wrote, in his 1960 essay titled

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View of courtyard through the arcaded balconies of the Hall of Glass

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1883: establishment of the "office of building of castles of Baden."

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Professor Ludwig Giesz goes further in his remarks about the ruins:

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and on 24 October moved into Heidelberg, which had been deserted by

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Heidelberg was first mentioned in 1196 as "Heidelberch". In 1155

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Gebrüder Bisson - Der Ottheinrichsbau des Heidelberger Schlosses

1183: 1164: 793: 4425: 2796:

Praetorius as pastor in Dittelsheim (in German, with pictures)

2367:(Translation: This work was undertaken under the oversight of 308:"started building a new castle one hundred and more years ago" 286:

by Martin Zeiller (Strasbourg 1632, reprinted in 1674 as the "

1917:

post-1621) was the main sculptor working with Schoch.

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The lower castle on the Jettenbühl (the present castle site).

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Directly across from the Goethe memorial tablet, stands the

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As Frederick V left Heidelberg, it is said that his mother,

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The ruins of the castle as portrayed in an 1815 painting by

2744:

https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000043430/3245789

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Gezicht op Schloss Ottheinrichsbau in Heidelberg Heidelberg

1237:

Liselotte wrote in a letter to her aunt Sophia in Hanover:

1066:

1693: renewed destruction in the Palatinate succession war.

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1620 – plans for the gardens (some of which survive today)

1102: 1189: 1179:, who also bought the Upper Palatinate from the emperor. 888:, district building supervisor Julius Koch and architect 265:

Heidelberger Schloss Innenhof um 1683 Johann Ulrich Kraus

2397:

Beloved Water Tower. The History of Mannheim's landmarks

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1537: destruction of the upper castle by lightning bolt.

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Heidelberg, aerial view of the old town with the Castle

593:

ending the Thirty Years War was signed. The new ruler,

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Mitteilungen zur Geschichte des Heidelberger Schlosses

2027: 1093:

1900: (circa) restorations and historical development.

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On a visit to Heidelberg in 1838, the French author

2010:

Balconies - Gläserner Saalbau - Heidelberg Castle -

1969: 1781: 688: 527:rebelling against the Emperor offered the crown of 2785:reprinted text of the "Bericht" of Praetorius 1613 2193: 1904: 314:, the court chapel was erected on the Jettenbühl. 2180: 1090:1890: stocktaking by Julius Koch and Fritz Seitz. 233:The earliest known depiction of the castle, from 4474: 2833:Mittheilungen des Heidelberger Schlossvereins – 2801:Illustrated description of Heidelberg Castle by 1827: 1735: 811:of 1803, Heidelberg and Mannheim became part of 555:Historic etching from the "Philosopher's Walk" ( 508:came to Heidelberg to defend one of his theses ( 1861: 1822:Schloss Heidelberg - Bibliotheksbau Grabenseite 844:The saviour of the castle was the French count 631:Pamphlet on the Destruction of the Castle, 1693 2501:of Frankfurt am Main: Societäts-Verlag, 2003, 1810:Courtyard facade of Bibliotheksbau, bay window 979:, about the meaning of the ruins for tourism: 520:praises the castle's beauty and its defenses. 29:Ruin in Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany 3038: 2855: 2241:I found her not, she is no longer to be seen" 1519: 1272:Liselotte's upbringing was rather bourgeois. 429:Plan of the Castle and its Defenses from 1622 327:defences to turn the castle into a fortress. 208:castrum in Heidelberg cum burgo ipsius castri 2188: 2117: 2109: 1072:1720: transfer of the residence to Mannheim. 1053:1622: Tilly conquers city and castle in the 1035:1225: first documented mention as "Castrum". 663:, the new Elector Palatine from the line of 577:, the supreme commander of the Imperial and 4508:Historic house museums in Baden-Württemberg 895: 856: 603:summarized these and the following events: 3045: 3031: 2862: 2848: 2460:Heidelberg Castle, aerial view of the site 2448:Heidelberg Castle, aerial view of the site 2343: 2249:This poem written by Marianne von Willemer 2156: 2148: 1526: 1512: 1031:Timeline of events for Heidelberg Castle: 2424:Heidelberg Castle and Old Bridge by night 2198: 1878:Englischer Bau Heidelberg 1645 von Merian 2594:, Tübingen: Verlag Ernst Wasmuth, 1982, 2347: 2278: 2202: 2044:View of Ottheinrichsbau courtyard facade 1964:Friedrichsbau Heidelberg 1645 von Merian 1534:Heidelberger Schloss (Heidelberg Palace) 1292: 1193: 1106: 1063:1688/1689: destruction by French troops. 961: 913: 899: 860: 776: 692: 680:Immediately upon his accession in 1690, 647:of France demanded the surrender of the 626: 260: 228: 130: 3053:Castles, Fortresses and Palaces in the 2310:Which pleases me and thoughtful people. 2254:in remembrance of her last meeting with 1752:View of Ruprechtsbau from the courtyard 1288: 172:which destroyed some rebuilt sections. 146:) is a ruin in Germany and landmark of 14: 4475: 2634:Madame sein ist ein eilendes Handwerck 2133: 1205:Elizabeth Charlotte, Princess Palatine 1199:Elizabeth Charlotte, Princess Palatine 1190:Elizabeth Charlotte, Princess Palatine 1044:1610: creation of the palace garden (" 971:Reflections on the "Heidelberg Mythos" 817:Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Baden 653:Elizabeth Charlotte, Princess Palatine 3026: 2843: 2236:the code pulled from the beloved hand 1998:Gläserner Saalbau - Heidelberg Castle 496:Reformation and the Thirty Years Wars 338:in 1415 and at the behest of Emperor 202:, and the region became known as the 180: 4538:Renaissance buildings and structures 3014:List of castles in Baden-Württemberg 2217:reflecting on her last meeting with 1121:married the English king's daughter 1078:1764: destruction by lightning bolt. 767: 711:Charles III Philip, Elector Palatine 651:in favor of the Duchess of Orléans, 4533:Renaissance architecture in Germany 2615:, Regionalkultur Publishing, 1996, 2259:Goethe in the Fall of the year 1815 2226:"On the terrace a high vaulted arch 1097: 1060:1642: renewal of the Castle plants. 865:Plan by Julius Koch and Fritz Seitz 277:"Originum Palatinarum Commentarius" 270:"Annales Academici Heidelbergenses" 102:Bishop of Worms (first known owner) 24: 2881:Castles, Fortresses and Palaces – 2791:Audio Tour in Castle of Heidelberg 2491: 2298:This leaf from a tree in the East, 1844:Frauenzimmerbau from the courtyard 1764:View of Ruprechtsbau from the west 1611:Apothekerturm (apothecary's tower) 1562:Frauenzimmerbau (women's building) 773:Slow decay and Romantic enthusiasm 622: 317: 25: 4569: 4558:Tourist attractions in Heidelberg 2760: 2092:Kaisersaal Otto Heinrichsbau 1895 1730: 1695:Bibliotheksbau (library building) 1632:Wirtschaftsbau (economy building) 1548:Englischer Bau (English building) 1274:Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine 4460: 4448: 4436: 4424: 2871: 2812: 2453: 2441: 2429: 2417: 2352:Steps to Upper Prince's Fountain 2097: 2085: 2073: 2061: 2049: 2037: 2015: 2003: 1991: 1979: 1957: 1945: 1933: 1895: 1883: 1871: 1849: 1837: 1815: 1803: 1791: 1769: 1757: 1745: 1357: 1350: 1343: 871:Wolfgang Müller von Königswinter 689:Removal of the court to Mannheim 682:Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine 544: 516:, and in a letter to his friend 483: 471: 452: 434: 422: 407: 398:The castle as it appears in the 391: 185: 47: 2548:Heidelberg of Frankfurt am Main 2386:recalled this water transport: 2331: 2194:Other monuments within the site 1646:Soldatenbau (soldiers building) 977:"Phenomenology of the Kitsches" 918:Excerpt from a broader view by 4548:Sandstone buildings in Germany 2626: 2605: 2584: 2570: 2561: 2540: 2531: 2522: 2231:was once your coming and going 1597:Gläserner Saalbau (glass hall) 564: 13: 1: 2671:Heidelberger Schlossverein , 2649: 2516: 2476:the Heidelberg Castle gardens 2287:The text of the poem begins: 2176:, Powder Tower/Exploded Tower 1702:Schlosshof (castle courtyard) 1119:Frederick V, Elector Palatine 1103:The "Winter King" Frederick V 1075:1742: (start) reconstruction. 1069:1697: (start) reconstruction. 1038:1303: mention of two castles. 1026: 800:. In 1784, the vaults in the 533:Frederick V, Elector Palatine 300:Topographia Palatinatus Rheni 4493:Episcopal palaces in Germany 4113:Schneirersbuckel tower house 3960:Old Castle (Nieder-Beerbach) 2395:Quote from Hans Weckesser: " 2384:Johann Andreas von Traitteur 2306:It reveals a certain secret, 2302:Has been given to my garden. 1721: 1639:Brunnenhalle (fountain hall) 1084:1860: first Castle lighting. 637:Charles II, Elector Palatine 358:the residence of the counts 7: 2817:Geographic data related to 2465: 2369:Alessandro Galli da Bibiena 1716:Schlossgraben (castle moat) 1332: 734:, that met his every wish. 641:House of Palatinate-Simmern 525:Bohemian Protestant estates 500:It was during the reign of 10: 4574: 2696:10.1177/026569147100100401 2550:. Societäts-Verlag, 2003. 2410: 1182:In Rhenen, to the west of 639:, the last in line of the 613:quoted from Victor Hugo: " 279:by Marquard Freher (1599); 241:published in 1527 (detail) 175: 4543:Ruined castles in Germany 3924:Ohrenbach Roman earthwork 3061: 3010: 2889: 2189:Courtyard and the Gardens 2143:War of the Grand Alliance 2129:, Coach house and stables 1688:Westzwinger (west kennel) 1555:Fassbau (barrel building) 1541:Dicker Turm (thick tower) 1247:Marie Luise von Degenfeld 1221:War of the Grand Alliance 1211:and the sister-in-law of 737:Karl Phillip's successor 720:Church of the Holy Spirit 698:Church of the Holy Spirit 502:Louis V, Elector Palatine 302:described Prince Elector 135:Heidelberg Castle in 1620 116: 111: 98: 90: 82: 72: 64: 59: 55: 46: 39: 34: 2391:Fountains to the castle. 1940:Facade of Friedrichsbau 1590:Glockenturm (bell tower) 1259:Louis-Philippe of France 1161:Louise Juliana of Nassau 1146:Battle of White Mountain 896:Castle ruins and tourism 857:Planning and restoration 675:René de Froulay de Tessé 571:Battle of White Mountain 569:After his defeat at the 514:Wolfgang, Count Palatine 414:The castle and town, by 212:Louis I, Duke of Bavaria 68:Gothic & Renaissance 3948:Old Castle (Heidelberg) 3244:Ducal Palace, Darmstadt 2636:, Munich, Piper, 1990. 2611:from Günter Heinemann: 2405:Heidelberg Water-filler 2344:Upper Prince's Fountain 2283:Original text of Goethe 1798:Bibliotheksbau Hofseite 1660:Turm Seitenleer (tower) 657:Palatinate of the Rhine 478:Castle floor plan, 1888 4310:Wald-Michelbach Castle 3768:Max-Wilhelmshöhe Manor 3535:Heppenheim City Palace 2632:Dirk Van der Cruysse, 2393: 2375:The inscription was a 2353: 2322: 2319:Johann Wolfgang Goethe 2284: 2219:Johann Wolfgang Goethe 2210: 2199:Goethe memorial tablet 1776:Ruprechtsbau from west 1298: 1286: 1201: 1115: 1024: 1011: 986: 967: 956: 923: 911: 866: 785: 762: 701: 632: 620: 510:Heidelberg Disputation 387: 266: 242: 192:Conrad of Hohenstaufen 143: 136: 4513:History of Heidelberg 4483:Castles in Heidelberg 2930:Handschuhsheim Palace 2481:Garden à la française 2388: 2351: 2289: 2282: 2215:Marianne von Willemer 2208:Marianne von Willemer 2206: 1674:Elisabethentor (gate) 1319:Kurpfälzisches Museum 1296: 1282: 1197: 1110: 1019: 990: 981: 965: 941: 917: 903: 864: 850:historic preservation 780: 748: 696: 630: 605: 355: 288:Itinerarium Germaniae 284:"Teutsche Reyssebuch" 264: 239:Kalendarium Hebraicum 232: 163:Heidelberger Bergbahn 134: 4498:Grand Duchy of Baden 4488:Electoral Palatinate 4298:Waldleiningen Castle 3900:Ober-Beerbach Castle 3624:Kirchbrombach Castle 2274:West-östlicher Diwan 2174:Krautturm/Pulverturm 2168:, Apothecary's tower 2031:, Ottheinrich's Wing 1709:Stückgarten (garden) 1667:Torhaus (gate house) 1653:Torturm (gate tower) 1297:Charles de Graimberg 1289:Charles de Graimberg 1215:of France. When the 846:Charles de Graimberg 809:German mediatisation 715:Perkeo of Heidelberg 670:Brûlez le Palatinat! 466:depicting the castle 402:, circa 16th century 336:Council of Constance 216:House of Wittelsbach 210:") is in 1214, when 204:Electoral Palatinate 200:Frederick Barbarossa 198:by his half-brother 159:intermediate station 144:Heidelberger Schloss 91:Construction started 41:Heidelberger Schloss 3993:Reichenstein Castle 3888:Nieder-Modau Castle 3523:Heiligenberg Palace 3410:Grand Duke's Palace 3374:Fürstenstein Castle 3333:Frankenstein Castle 2918:Grand Duke's Palace 2590:from Ludwig Giesz: 2371:and Heinrich Neeb.) 1207:was the duchess of 1114:: The "Winter King" 822:August von Kotzebue 807:As a result of the 798:Schwetzingen Castle 635:After the death of 591:Peace of Westphalia 400:Thesaurus Pictuarum 344:Antipope John XXIII 342:, held the deposed 121:.schloss-heidelberg 65:Architectural style 60:General information 4404:Zwingenberg Castle 4173:Schweinberg Castle 4125:Schnellerts Castle 4101:Schlierbach Castle 3981:Reichenberg Castle 3780:Michelstadt Castle 3696:Lichtenberg Castle 3672:Kurmainzer Amtshof 3434:Güttersbach Castle 3350:Freudenberg Castle 3338:Freienstein Castle 3321:Frankenberg Castle 2827:Video on building 2779:by Salomon de Caus 2354: 2285: 2211: 1908:, Friedrich's Wing 1785:, Library Building 1583:Zeughaus (arsenal) 1299: 1217:Palatinate-Simmern 1202: 1116: 968: 924: 912: 867: 786: 702: 665:Palatinate-Neuburg 633: 267: 243: 181:Before destruction 137: 4553:Thirty Years' War 4518:Holy Roman Empire 4443:Holy Roman Empire 4412: 4411: 4370:Wildenberg Castle 4233:Tannenberg Castle 4197:Stolzeneck Castle 4161:Schwarzach Castle 4065:Schaafheim Castle 4017:Rodenstein Castle 3852:Mühlhausen Castle 3828:Mörlenbach Castle 3756:Lützelbach Castle 3744:Löwenstein Palace 3720:Lindenfels Castle 3583:Hochhausen Palace 3571:Hirschhorn Castle 3518:Heidelberg Castle 3506:Heddersdorf Manor 3470:Hardheimer Castle 3458:Hammerschlösschen 3446:Guttenberg Castle 3386:Gammelsbach Manor 3309:Fechenbach Palace 3273:Ernsthofen Castle 3215:Dauchstein Castle 3020: 3019: 2942:Heidelberg Castle 2879:Baden-Württemberg 2835:Digizeitschriften 2819:Heidelberg Castle 2807:Project Gutenberg 2577:from Mark Twain: 1971:Gläserner Saalbau 1739:, Ruprecht's Wing 1339:Heidelberg Castle 1267:Gottfried Leibniz 1228:Sophia of Hanover 1142:Holy Roman Empire 947: 783:Karl Philipp Fohr 768:Since destruction 706:Treaty of Ryswick 504:(1508–1544) that 235:Sebastian Münster 218:received it from 166:funicular railway 140:Heidelberg Castle 129: 128: 106:Baden-Württemberg 35:Heidelberg Castle 18:Heidelburg Castle 16:(Redirected from 4565: 4523:Imperial castles 4465: 4464: 4453: 4452: 4441: 4440: 4439: 4429: 4428: 4420: 4400: 4388: 4366: 4354: 4342: 4330: 4322:Wambolt's Castle 4318: 4306: 4294: 4282: 4265: 4253: 4241: 4229: 4217: 4205: 4193: 4181: 4169: 4157: 4145: 4137:Schönberg Castle 4133: 4121: 4109: 4097: 4085: 4073: 4061: 4049: 4037: 4029:Rodenstein Manor 4025: 4013: 4001: 3989: 3972: 3956: 3944: 3932: 3920: 3912:Obrigheim Castle 3908: 3896: 3884: 3872: 3860: 3848: 3836: 3824: 3812: 3800: 3788: 3776: 3764: 3752: 3740: 3728: 3716: 3704: 3692: 3680: 3668: 3656: 3644: 3632: 3620: 3608: 3591: 3579: 3567: 3555: 3543: 3531: 3514: 3502: 3490: 3478: 3466: 3454: 3442: 3430: 3418: 3406: 3394: 3382: 3370: 3362:Fürstenau Castle 3358: 3346: 3329: 3317: 3305: 3293: 3281: 3264: 3252: 3240: 3223: 3211: 3203:Darmstadt Castle 3199: 3187: 3175: 3163: 3151: 3139: 3131:Boisserée Palace 3127: 3115: 3107:Beerfurth Castle 3103: 3086: 3074: 3047: 3040: 3033: 3024: 3023: 3003: 2991: 2979: 2967: 2955: 2938: 2926: 2914: 2902: 2894:Boisserée Palace 2877: 2875: 2874: 2864: 2857: 2850: 2841: 2840: 2816: 2815: 2777:Hortus Palatinus 2772: 2771: 2769:Official website 2644: 2630: 2624: 2609: 2603: 2588: 2582: 2574: 2568: 2565: 2559: 2544: 2538: 2535: 2529: 2526: 2472:Hortus Palatinus 2457: 2445: 2433: 2421: 2338:Thirty Years War 2320: 2184:, Elizabeth Gate 2101: 2089: 2077: 2065: 2053: 2041: 2019: 2007: 1995: 1983: 1961: 1949: 1937: 1899: 1887: 1875: 1853: 1841: 1819: 1807: 1795: 1773: 1761: 1749: 1714: 1707: 1700: 1693: 1686: 1679: 1672: 1665: 1658: 1651: 1644: 1637: 1630: 1623: 1616: 1609: 1602: 1595: 1588: 1581: 1574: 1567: 1560: 1553: 1546: 1539: 1528: 1521: 1514: 1504: 1498: 1493: 1488: 1483: 1478: 1473: 1468: 1463: 1458: 1453: 1448: 1443: 1438: 1433: 1428: 1423: 1418: 1413: 1408: 1403: 1398: 1393: 1388: 1383: 1378: 1373: 1368: 1361: 1360: 1354: 1347: 1154:Thirty Years War 1123:Elizabeth Stuart 1098:Famous residents 1055:Thirty Years War 1047:Hortus Palatinus 954: 945: 760: 618: 548: 537:Thirty Years War 487: 475: 456: 444:Hortus Palatinus 441:Castle with the 438: 426: 411: 395: 125: 122: 120: 51: 32: 31: 21: 4573: 4572: 4568: 4567: 4566: 4564: 4563: 4562: 4528:Nine Years' War 4473: 4472: 4471: 4459: 4447: 4437: 4435: 4423: 4415: 4413: 4408: 4394: 4382: 4360: 4358:Weinheim Palace 4348: 4336: 4324: 4312: 4300: 4288: 4276: 4259: 4247: 4235: 4223: 4211: 4199: 4187: 4175: 4163: 4151: 4139: 4127: 4115: 4103: 4091: 4079: 4067: 4055: 4053:Rohrbach Palace 4043: 4041:Rohrbach Castle 4031: 4019: 4007: 3995: 3983: 3962: 3950: 3938: 3936:Ohrsberg Castle 3926: 3914: 3902: 3890: 3878: 3866: 3854: 3842: 3830: 3818: 3806: 3794: 3782: 3770: 3758: 3746: 3734: 3732:Lohrbach Castle 3722: 3710: 3698: 3686: 3684:Landsehr Castle 3674: 3662: 3650: 3638: 3626: 3614: 3602: 3600:Hundheim Castle 3595:Hornberg Castle 3585: 3573: 3561: 3549: 3537: 3525: 3508: 3496: 3484: 3482:Hardheim Castle 3472: 3460: 3448: 3436: 3424: 3412: 3400: 3388: 3376: 3364: 3352: 3340: 3323: 3311: 3299: 3287: 3275: 3258: 3256:Eberbach Castle 3246: 3234: 3232:Dorndiel Castle 3227:Dilsberg Castle 3217: 3205: 3193: 3181: 3169: 3167:Carlsruhe Manor 3157: 3145: 3143:Breuberg Castle 3133: 3121: 3119:Birkenau Castle 3109: 3097: 3090:Auerbach Castle 3080: 3078:Amorbach Palace 3068: 3057: 3051: 3021: 3016: 3006: 2997: 2985: 2983:Rohrbach Palace 2973: 2971:Rohrbach Castle 2961: 2949: 2932: 2920: 2908: 2896: 2885: 2872: 2870: 2868: 2813: 2767: 2766: 2763: 2652: 2647: 2631: 2627: 2610: 2606: 2589: 2585: 2575: 2571: 2566: 2562: 2545: 2541: 2536: 2532: 2527: 2523: 2519: 2494: 2492:Further reading 2468: 2461: 2458: 2449: 2446: 2437: 2434: 2425: 2422: 2413: 2346: 2334: 2321: 2318: 2315: 2312: 2308: 2304: 2300: 2201: 2196: 2191: 2186: 2178: 2170: 2162: 2154: 2139: 2131: 2123: 2115: 2113:, Ludwig's Wing 2105: 2102: 2093: 2090: 2081: 2078: 2069: 2066: 2057: 2054: 2045: 2042: 2033: 2029:Ottheinrichsbau 2023: 2020: 2011: 2008: 1999: 1996: 1987: 1984: 1975: 1973:, Hall of Glass 1965: 1962: 1953: 1950: 1941: 1938: 1910: 1900: 1891: 1888: 1879: 1876: 1867: 1857: 1856:Frauenzimmerbau 1854: 1845: 1842: 1833: 1829:Frauenzimmerbau 1823: 1820: 1811: 1808: 1799: 1796: 1787: 1777: 1774: 1765: 1762: 1753: 1750: 1741: 1733: 1724: 1719: 1718: 1717: 1715: 1712: 1710: 1708: 1705: 1703: 1701: 1698: 1696: 1694: 1691: 1689: 1687: 1684: 1682: 1680: 1677: 1675: 1673: 1670: 1668: 1666: 1663: 1661: 1659: 1656: 1654: 1652: 1649: 1647: 1645: 1642: 1640: 1638: 1635: 1633: 1631: 1628: 1626: 1624: 1621: 1619: 1617: 1614: 1612: 1610: 1607: 1605: 1603: 1600: 1598: 1596: 1593: 1591: 1589: 1586: 1584: 1582: 1579: 1577: 1575: 1572: 1570: 1568: 1565: 1563: 1561: 1558: 1556: 1554: 1551: 1549: 1547: 1544: 1542: 1540: 1537: 1535: 1533: 1532: 1506: 1505: 1501: 1499: 1496: 1494: 1491: 1489: 1486: 1484: 1481: 1479: 1476: 1474: 1471: 1469: 1466: 1464: 1461: 1459: 1456: 1454: 1451: 1449: 1446: 1444: 1441: 1439: 1436: 1434: 1431: 1429: 1426: 1424: 1421: 1419: 1416: 1414: 1411: 1409: 1406: 1404: 1401: 1399: 1396: 1394: 1391: 1389: 1386: 1384: 1381: 1379: 1376: 1374: 1371: 1369: 1366: 1364: 1362: 1358: 1355: 1348: 1340: 1335: 1291: 1192: 1173:Prince Electors 1150:Catholic League 1135:Salomon de Caus 1105: 1100: 1029: 973: 955: 952: 898: 859: 834:J. M. W. Turner 775: 770: 761: 755: 732:Mannheim Palace 691: 661:Philipp Wilhelm 625: 623:Nine Years' War 619: 612: 579:Catholic League 567: 562: 561: 560: 554: 549: 518:George Spalatin 498: 491: 488: 479: 476: 467: 464:J. M. W. Turner 457: 448: 439: 430: 427: 418: 416:Matthäus Merian 412: 403: 396: 320: 318:Palace of kings 188: 183: 178: 117: 103: 42: 30: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 4571: 4561: 4560: 4555: 4550: 4545: 4540: 4535: 4530: 4525: 4520: 4515: 4510: 4505: 4500: 4495: 4490: 4485: 4470: 4469: 4457: 4445: 4433: 4410: 4409: 4407: 4406: 4401: 4389: 4377: 4375:Windeck Castle 4372: 4367: 4355: 4343: 4331: 4319: 4307: 4295: 4286:Waldeck Castle 4283: 4271: 4266: 4254: 4242: 4230: 4218: 4206: 4194: 4182: 4170: 4158: 4146: 4134: 4122: 4110: 4098: 4086: 4077:Schanzenköpfle 4074: 4062: 4050: 4038: 4026: 4014: 4005:Riedern Castle 4002: 3990: 3978: 3976:Otzberg Castle 3973: 3957: 3945: 3933: 3921: 3909: 3897: 3885: 3876:Neuburg Castle 3873: 3861: 3849: 3837: 3825: 3813: 3801: 3789: 3777: 3765: 3753: 3741: 3729: 3717: 3708:Limbach Castle 3705: 3693: 3681: 3669: 3657: 3648:Krähberg Manor 3645: 3633: 3621: 3609: 3597: 3592: 3580: 3568: 3556: 3544: 3532: 3520: 3515: 3503: 3491: 3479: 3467: 3455: 3443: 3431: 3422:Greinberg Fort 3419: 3407: 3395: 3383: 3371: 3359: 3347: 3335: 3330: 3318: 3306: 3297:Eulbach Palace 3294: 3282: 3270: 3265: 3253: 3241: 3229: 3224: 3212: 3200: 3188: 3176: 3164: 3152: 3140: 3128: 3116: 3104: 3092: 3087: 3075: 3066:Alsbach Castle 3062: 3059: 3058: 3050: 3049: 3042: 3035: 3027: 3018: 3017: 3011: 3008: 3007: 3005: 3004: 2992: 2980: 2968: 2956: 2944: 2939: 2927: 2915: 2903: 2890: 2887: 2886: 2867: 2866: 2859: 2852: 2844: 2838: 2837: 2831: 2825: 2810: 2799: 2793: 2788: 2782: 2773: 2762: 2761:External links 2759: 2758: 2757: 2754: 2751: 2748: 2745: 2741: 2738: 2735: 2732: 2729: 2726: 2723: 2719: 2716: 2713: 2710: 2707: 2704: 2701: 2698: 2688: 2685: 2682: 2679: 2676: 2669: 2666: 2662: 2659: 2656: 2651: 2648: 2646: 2645: 2625: 2604: 2583: 2579:A Tramp Abroad 2569: 2560: 2539: 2530: 2520: 2518: 2515: 2514: 2513: 2510: 2493: 2490: 2489: 2488: 2486:Heidelberg Tun 2483: 2478: 2467: 2464: 2463: 2462: 2459: 2452: 2450: 2447: 2440: 2438: 2435: 2428: 2426: 2423: 2416: 2412: 2409: 2373: 2372: 2365: 2345: 2342: 2333: 2330: 2316: 2295: 2262: 2261: 2256: 2251: 2246: 2243: 2238: 2233: 2228: 2200: 2197: 2195: 2192: 2190: 2187: 2185: 2182:Elisabethentor 2179: 2177: 2171: 2169: 2163: 2161: 2160:, Bell Tower 2155: 2153: 2147: 2138: 2132: 2130: 2124: 2122: 2121:, Economy Wing 2116: 2114: 2108: 2107: 2106: 2103: 2096: 2094: 2091: 2084: 2082: 2079: 2072: 2070: 2067: 2060: 2058: 2055: 2048: 2046: 2043: 2036: 2032: 2026: 2025: 2024: 2021: 2014: 2012: 2009: 2002: 2000: 1997: 1990: 1988: 1985: 1978: 1974: 1968: 1967: 1966: 1963: 1956: 1954: 1951: 1944: 1942: 1939: 1932: 1909: 1903: 1902: 1901: 1894: 1892: 1890:Englischer Bau 1889: 1882: 1880: 1877: 1870: 1866: 1865:, English Wing 1863:Englischer Bau 1860: 1859: 1858: 1855: 1848: 1846: 1843: 1836: 1832: 1831:, Ladies' Wing 1826: 1825: 1824: 1821: 1814: 1812: 1809: 1802: 1800: 1797: 1790: 1786: 1783:Bibliotheksbau 1780: 1779: 1778: 1775: 1768: 1766: 1763: 1756: 1754: 1751: 1744: 1740: 1734: 1732: 1731:Building Parts 1729: 1723: 1720: 1711: 1704: 1697: 1690: 1683: 1676: 1669: 1662: 1655: 1648: 1641: 1634: 1627: 1620: 1613: 1606: 1604:Ottheinrichbau 1599: 1592: 1585: 1578: 1571: 1564: 1557: 1550: 1543: 1536: 1531: 1530: 1523: 1516: 1508: 1507: 1500: 1495: 1490: 1485: 1480: 1475: 1470: 1465: 1460: 1455: 1450: 1445: 1440: 1435: 1430: 1425: 1420: 1415: 1410: 1405: 1400: 1395: 1390: 1385: 1380: 1375: 1370: 1363: 1356: 1349: 1342: 1341: 1338: 1337: 1336: 1334: 1331: 1290: 1287: 1255: 1254: 1243: 1242: 1191: 1188: 1104: 1101: 1099: 1096: 1095: 1094: 1091: 1088: 1085: 1082: 1079: 1076: 1073: 1070: 1067: 1064: 1061: 1058: 1051: 1042: 1039: 1036: 1028: 1025: 972: 969: 950: 936:A Tramp Abroad 920:Theodor Verhas 907:A Tramp Abroad 897: 894: 858: 855: 774: 771: 769: 766: 753: 690: 687: 649:allodial title 624: 621: 610: 566: 563: 557:Philosophenweg 551: 550: 543: 542: 541: 497: 494: 493: 492: 489: 482: 480: 477: 470: 468: 458: 451: 449: 440: 433: 431: 428: 421: 419: 413: 406: 404: 397: 390: 319: 316: 292: 291: 280: 273: 258: 251: 250: 247: 196:Count Palatine 187: 184: 182: 179: 177: 174: 127: 126: 114: 113: 109: 108: 100: 96: 95: 92: 88: 87: 84: 80: 79: 74: 70: 69: 66: 62: 61: 57: 56: 53: 52: 44: 43: 40: 37: 36: 28: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4570: 4559: 4556: 4554: 4551: 4549: 4546: 4544: 4541: 4539: 4536: 4534: 4531: 4529: 4526: 4524: 4521: 4519: 4516: 4514: 4511: 4509: 4506: 4504: 4501: 4499: 4496: 4494: 4491: 4489: 4486: 4484: 4481: 4480: 4478: 4468: 4463: 4458: 4456: 4451: 4446: 4444: 4434: 4432: 4427: 4422: 4421: 4418: 4405: 4402: 4398: 4393: 4390: 4386: 4381: 4378: 4376: 4373: 4371: 4368: 4364: 4359: 4356: 4352: 4347: 4344: 4340: 4335: 4332: 4328: 4323: 4320: 4316: 4311: 4308: 4304: 4299: 4296: 4292: 4287: 4284: 4280: 4275: 4274:Waldau Castle 4272: 4270: 4267: 4263: 4258: 4255: 4251: 4246: 4245:Templar House 4243: 4239: 4234: 4231: 4227: 4222: 4219: 4215: 4210: 4207: 4203: 4198: 4195: 4191: 4186: 4183: 4179: 4174: 4171: 4167: 4162: 4159: 4155: 4150: 4149:Schwalbennest 4147: 4143: 4138: 4135: 4131: 4126: 4123: 4119: 4114: 4111: 4107: 4102: 4099: 4095: 4090: 4087: 4083: 4078: 4075: 4071: 4066: 4063: 4059: 4054: 4051: 4047: 4042: 4039: 4035: 4030: 4027: 4023: 4018: 4015: 4011: 4006: 4003: 3999: 3994: 3991: 3987: 3982: 3979: 3977: 3974: 3970: 3966: 3961: 3958: 3954: 3949: 3946: 3942: 3937: 3934: 3930: 3925: 3922: 3918: 3913: 3910: 3906: 3901: 3898: 3894: 3889: 3886: 3882: 3877: 3874: 3870: 3865: 3862: 3858: 3853: 3850: 3846: 3841: 3840:Morass Palace 3838: 3834: 3829: 3826: 3822: 3817: 3814: 3810: 3805: 3802: 3798: 3793: 3790: 3786: 3781: 3778: 3774: 3769: 3766: 3762: 3757: 3754: 3750: 3745: 3742: 3738: 3733: 3730: 3726: 3721: 3718: 3714: 3709: 3706: 3702: 3697: 3694: 3690: 3685: 3682: 3678: 3673: 3670: 3666: 3661: 3658: 3654: 3649: 3646: 3642: 3637: 3634: 3630: 3625: 3622: 3618: 3613: 3610: 3606: 3601: 3598: 3596: 3593: 3589: 3584: 3581: 3577: 3572: 3569: 3565: 3560: 3557: 3553: 3548: 3545: 3541: 3536: 3533: 3529: 3524: 3521: 3519: 3516: 3512: 3507: 3504: 3500: 3495: 3492: 3488: 3483: 3480: 3476: 3471: 3468: 3464: 3459: 3456: 3452: 3447: 3444: 3440: 3435: 3432: 3428: 3423: 3420: 3416: 3411: 3408: 3404: 3399: 3398:Giants' House 3396: 3392: 3387: 3384: 3380: 3375: 3372: 3368: 3363: 3360: 3356: 3351: 3348: 3344: 3339: 3336: 3334: 3331: 3327: 3322: 3319: 3315: 3310: 3307: 3303: 3298: 3295: 3291: 3286: 3283: 3279: 3274: 3271: 3269: 3268:Erbach Palace 3266: 3262: 3257: 3254: 3250: 3245: 3242: 3238: 3233: 3230: 3228: 3225: 3221: 3216: 3213: 3209: 3204: 3201: 3197: 3192: 3191:Dallau Castle 3189: 3185: 3180: 3179:Curti-Schloss 3177: 3173: 3168: 3165: 3161: 3156: 3153: 3149: 3144: 3141: 3137: 3132: 3129: 3125: 3120: 3117: 3113: 3108: 3105: 3101: 3096: 3093: 3091: 3088: 3084: 3079: 3076: 3072: 3067: 3064: 3063: 3060: 3056: 3048: 3043: 3041: 3036: 3034: 3029: 3028: 3025: 3015: 3009: 3001: 2996: 2993: 2989: 2984: 2981: 2977: 2972: 2969: 2965: 2960: 2957: 2953: 2948: 2947:Morass Palace 2945: 2943: 2940: 2936: 2931: 2928: 2924: 2919: 2916: 2912: 2907: 2906:Giants' House 2904: 2900: 2895: 2892: 2891: 2888: 2884: 2880: 2865: 2860: 2858: 2853: 2851: 2846: 2845: 2842: 2836: 2832: 2830: 2826: 2824: 2823:OpenStreetMap 2820: 2811: 2808: 2804: 2800: 2797: 2794: 2792: 2789: 2786: 2783: 2780: 2778: 2774: 2770: 2765: 2764: 2755: 2752: 2749: 2746: 2742: 2739: 2736: 2733: 2730: 2727: 2724: 2720: 2717: 2714: 2711: 2708: 2705: 2702: 2699: 2697: 2693: 2689: 2686: 2683: 2680: 2677: 2674: 2670: 2667: 2663: 2660: 2657: 2654: 2653: 2643: 2642:3-492-03373-3 2639: 2635: 2629: 2622: 2621:3-924973-01-6 2618: 2614: 2608: 2601: 2600:3-8030-3012-9 2597: 2593: 2587: 2581: 2580: 2573: 2564: 2557: 2556:3-7973-0825-6 2553: 2549: 2546:Victor Hugo: 2543: 2534: 2525: 2521: 2511: 2508: 2507:3-7973-0825-6 2504: 2500: 2497:Victor Hugo: 2496: 2495: 2487: 2484: 2482: 2479: 2477: 2473: 2470: 2469: 2456: 2451: 2444: 2439: 2432: 2427: 2420: 2415: 2414: 2408: 2406: 2400: 2398: 2392: 2387: 2385: 2380: 2378: 2370: 2366: 2363: 2362: 2361: 2359: 2350: 2341: 2339: 2329: 2327: 2314: 2311: 2307: 2303: 2299: 2294: 2293: 2292:Ginkgo Biloba 2288: 2281: 2277: 2275: 2271: 2267: 2260: 2257: 2255: 2252: 2250: 2247: 2244: 2242: 2239: 2237: 2234: 2232: 2229: 2227: 2224: 2223: 2222: 2220: 2216: 2209: 2205: 2183: 2175: 2167: 2166:Apothekerturm 2159: 2152:, Thick Tower 2151: 2146: 2144: 2136: 2128: 2120: 2112: 2104:Interior view 2100: 2095: 2088: 2083: 2076: 2071: 2064: 2059: 2052: 2047: 2040: 2035: 2034: 2030: 2018: 2013: 2006: 2001: 1994: 1989: 1982: 1977: 1976: 1972: 1960: 1955: 1948: 1943: 1936: 1931: 1930: 1929: 1927: 1921: 1918: 1915: 1907: 1906:Friedrichsbau 1898: 1893: 1886: 1881: 1874: 1869: 1868: 1864: 1852: 1847: 1840: 1835: 1834: 1830: 1818: 1813: 1806: 1801: 1794: 1789: 1788: 1784: 1772: 1767: 1760: 1755: 1748: 1743: 1742: 1738: 1728: 1576:Friedrichsbau 1529: 1524: 1522: 1517: 1515: 1510: 1509: 1503: 1353: 1346: 1330: 1326: 1322: 1320: 1315: 1312: 1308: 1304: 1303:Kupferstecher 1295: 1285: 1281: 1279: 1275: 1270: 1268: 1262: 1260: 1252: 1251: 1250: 1248: 1240: 1239: 1238: 1235: 1233: 1229: 1224: 1222: 1218: 1214: 1210: 1206: 1200: 1196: 1187: 1185: 1180: 1178: 1174: 1170: 1166: 1162: 1157: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1143: 1138: 1136: 1132: 1126: 1124: 1120: 1113: 1109: 1092: 1089: 1086: 1083: 1080: 1077: 1074: 1071: 1068: 1065: 1062: 1059: 1056: 1052: 1049: 1048: 1043: 1040: 1037: 1034: 1033: 1032: 1023: 1018: 1016: 1010: 1008: 1004: 1003:garden gnomes 1000: 995: 989: 985: 980: 978: 964: 960: 949: 940: 938: 937: 932: 928: 921: 916: 909: 908: 902: 893: 891: 887: 883: 879: 876:In 1883, the 874: 872: 863: 854: 851: 847: 842: 839: 835: 830: 828: 823: 818: 814: 810: 805: 803: 799: 795: 791: 784: 779: 765: 759: 756:Victor Hugo, 752: 747: 745: 740: 735: 733: 727: 725: 721: 716: 712: 707: 699: 695: 686: 683: 678: 676: 672: 671: 666: 662: 658: 654: 650: 646: 642: 638: 629: 616: 609: 604: 602: 598: 596: 595:Charles Louis 592: 587: 582: 580: 576: 572: 558: 553: 547: 540: 538: 534: 530: 526: 521: 519: 515: 511: 507: 506:Martin Luther 503: 486: 481: 474: 469: 465: 461: 455: 450: 446: 445: 437: 432: 425: 420: 417: 410: 405: 401: 394: 389: 388: 386: 384: 380: 376: 372: 368: 365: 361: 354: 352: 347: 345: 341: 337: 333: 328: 325: 315: 313: 309: 305: 301: 297: 289: 285: 281: 278: 274: 271: 263: 259: 256: 255: 254: 248: 245: 244: 240: 236: 231: 227: 225: 221: 217: 213: 209: 205: 201: 197: 194:was made the 193: 186:Early history 173: 169: 167: 164: 160: 156: 151: 149: 145: 141: 133: 124: 115: 110: 107: 101: 97: 93: 89: 85: 81: 78: 75: 71: 67: 63: 58: 54: 50: 45: 38: 33: 27: 19: 4503:Hill castles 4431:Architecture 4392:Wörth Castle 4380:Wiser Palace 4221:Stutz Castle 4209:Strahlenburg 3636:König Castle 3612:Jossa Castle 3517: 2941: 2776: 2633: 2628: 2612: 2607: 2591: 2586: 2578: 2572: 2563: 2547: 2542: 2533: 2524: 2499:"Heidelberg" 2498: 2475: 2404: 2401: 2396: 2394: 2389: 2381: 2374: 2358:Karl Philipp 2355: 2335: 2332:Harness room 2323: 2309: 2305: 2301: 2297: 2296: 2291: 2290: 2286: 2269: 2263: 2258: 2253: 2248: 2240: 2235: 2230: 2225: 2212: 2181: 2173: 2165: 2157: 2149: 2140: 2137:, Gate Tower 2134: 2127:Sattelkammer 2126: 2118: 2110: 2028: 1970: 1926:Carl Schäfer 1922: 1919: 1914:Friedrich IV 1911: 1905: 1862: 1828: 1782: 1737:Ruprechtsbau 1736: 1725: 1681:Ruprechtsbau 1327: 1323: 1316: 1302: 1300: 1283: 1271: 1263: 1256: 1244: 1236: 1225: 1203: 1181: 1158: 1139: 1127: 1117: 1045: 1030: 1020: 1015:Hirschgraben 1014: 1012: 1006: 998: 993: 991: 987: 982: 976: 974: 957: 942: 934: 929: 925: 905: 875: 868: 843: 831: 806: 802:Ottoheinrich 787: 763: 757: 749: 739:Karl Theodor 736: 728: 704:In 1697 the 703: 679: 668: 634: 614: 606: 599: 583: 568: 556: 522: 499: 462:painting by 447:, circa 1650 442: 399: 356: 348: 329: 321: 307: 299: 293: 287: 283: 276: 269: 252: 238: 224:Friedrich II 220:Hohenstaufen 207: 189: 170: 152: 139: 138: 73:Town or city 26: 4455:Middle Ages 4395: [ 4383: [ 4361: [ 4349: [ 4346:Weilerhügel 4337: [ 4325: [ 4313: [ 4301: [ 4289: [ 4277: [ 4260: [ 4248: [ 4236: [ 4224: [ 4212: [ 4200: [ 4188: [ 4185:Starkenburg 4176: [ 4164: [ 4152: [ 4140: [ 4128: [ 4116: [ 4104: [ 4092: [ 4089:Schauenburg 4080: [ 4068: [ 4056: [ 4044: [ 4032: [ 4020: [ 4008: [ 3996: [ 3984: [ 3963: [ 3951: [ 3939: [ 3927: [ 3915: [ 3903: [ 3891: [ 3879: [ 3867: [ 3864:Naus Castle 3855: [ 3843: [ 3831: [ 3819: [ 3807: [ 3795: [ 3783: [ 3771: [ 3759: [ 3747: [ 3735: [ 3723: [ 3711: [ 3699: [ 3687: [ 3675: [ 3663: [ 3651: [ 3639: [ 3627: [ 3615: [ 3603: [ 3586: [ 3574: [ 3562: [ 3550: [ 3538: [ 3526: [ 3509: [ 3497: [ 3485: [ 3473: [ 3461: [ 3449: [ 3437: [ 3425: [ 3413: [ 3401: [ 3389: [ 3377: [ 3365: [ 3353: [ 3341: [ 3324: [ 3312: [ 3300: [ 3288: [ 3276: [ 3259: [ 3247: [ 3235: [ 3218: [ 3206: [ 3194: [ 3182: [ 3170: [ 3158: [ 3146: [ 3134: [ 3122: [ 3110: [ 3098: [ 3081: [ 3069: [ 2998: [ 2986: [ 2974: [ 2962: [ 2950: [ 2933: [ 2921: [ 2909: [ 2897: [ 2158:Glockenturm 2119:Ökonomiebau 1301:The French 1169:Netherlands 1131:Inigo Jones 1112:Frederick V 890:Fritz Seitz 878:Grand Duchy 744:Victor Hugo 601:Victor Hugo 565:Destruction 351:Victor Hugo 94:before 1214 4477:Categories 4334:Wannenberg 4269:Wachenburg 4257:Vorderburg 3816:Mittelburg 3792:Mildenburg 3660:Kronenburg 3559:Hirschburg 3547:Hinterburg 3494:Harfenburg 3285:Emichsburg 3155:Burgschell 3012:Also see: 2959:Old Castle 2883:Heidelberg 2803:Mark Twain 2675:, 1885–86. 2650:Literature 2613:Heidelberg 2592:Der Kitsch 2517:References 2377:chronogram 2326:Düsseldorf 2150:Dicke Turm 2111:Ludwigsbau 1618:Ludwigsbau 1311:Heidelberg 1027:Chronology 953:Mark Twain 931:Mark Twain 758:Heidelberg 615:Heidelberg 586:Königstuhl 379:Wenceslaus 332:Ludwig III 312:Ruprecht I 155:Königstuhl 148:Heidelberg 77:Heidelberg 3804:Minneburg 3095:Bacheburg 2382:In 1798, 1722:Forecourt 1625:Krautturm 1307:Karlsruhe 1213:Louis XIV 1007:beautiful 994:inversion 886:Karlsruhe 645:Louis XIV 523:In 1619, 383:Charles V 375:Polynices 340:Sigismund 142:(German: 104:State of 3055:Odenwald 2995:Tiefburg 2466:See also 2317:— 1333:Building 1278:Odenwald 999:inverted 951:— 838:Romantic 827:Napoleon 790:Mannheim 754:— 724:Mannheim 611:— 460:Romantic 373:and its 371:Eteocles 360:Palatine 324:Ruprecht 304:Ludwig V 222:Emperor 4467:Museums 4417:Portals 2829:history 2411:Gallery 2270:Suleika 2135:Torturm 1232:Charles 1209:Orléans 1177:Bavaria 1167:in the 529:Bohemia 367:analogy 214:of the 176:History 161:on the 112:Website 86:Germany 83:Country 2876: 2640: 2619: 2598: 2554: 2505: 2266:Ginkgo 1184:Arnhem 1165:Rhenen 922:, 1856 794:Munich 364:Thebes 306:as he 296:Merian 4399:] 4387:] 4365:] 4353:] 4341:] 4329:] 4317:] 4305:] 4293:] 4281:] 4264:] 4252:] 4240:] 4228:] 4216:] 4204:] 4192:] 4180:] 4168:] 4156:] 4144:] 4132:] 4120:] 4108:] 4096:] 4084:] 4072:] 4060:] 4048:] 4036:] 4024:] 4012:] 4000:] 3988:] 3971:] 3955:] 3943:] 3931:] 3919:] 3907:] 3895:] 3883:] 3871:] 3859:] 3847:] 3835:] 3823:] 3811:] 3799:] 3787:] 3775:] 3763:] 3751:] 3739:] 3727:] 3715:] 3703:] 3691:] 3679:] 3667:] 3655:] 3643:] 3631:] 3619:] 3607:] 3590:] 3578:] 3566:] 3554:] 3542:] 3530:] 3513:] 3501:] 3489:] 3477:] 3465:] 3453:] 3441:] 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