Blackburn Buccaneer

1331: 1707: 1389:. It had been anticipated that Buccaneers might need to perform in the target designation role, although early on, this had been thought to be "unlikely". Following a short-notice decision to deploy, the first batch of six aircraft were readied to deploy in under 72 hours, including the adoption of desert camouflage, and additional equipment, and departed from Lossiemouth for the Middle Eastern theatre early on 26 January 1991. In theatre, it became common for each attack formation to comprise four Tornados and two Buccaneers; each Buccaneer carried a single laser designator pod, and acted as backup to the other in the event of an equipment malfunction. The first combat mission took place on 2 February, operating at a medium 351: 1726: 42: 1397: 1575: 857: 1382:, their presence intended to intimidate insurgents, rather than inflict damage directly. After 1983, the land strike duties were mostly reassigned to the Tornado aircraft then entering service, and two Buccaneer squadrons remaining (12 Squadron, and 208 Squadron) were then assigned to SACLANT for maritime strike duties. Only the 'Shadow Squadron', No. 237 OCU, remained assigned to the role of land strike on long term assignment to SACEUR, No. 237 was also to operate as a designator for Jaguar ground strike aircraft in the event of conflict. The Buccaneer stood down from its reserve nuclear delivery duties in 1991. 798: 1741: 572: 622:, the Royal Air Force still required a replacement for its Canberras in the low-level strike role, while the planned retirement for the Royal Navy's aircraft carriers meant that the RAF would also need to add a maritime strike capability. It was therefore decided in 1968 that the RAF would adopt the Buccaneer, both by the purchase of new-build aircraft, and by taking over the Fleet Air Arm's Buccaneers as the carriers were retired. A total of 46 new-build aircraft for the RAF were built by Blackburn's successor, Hawker Siddeley, designated 1413:, the Buccaneers switched to airfield bombing missions, targeting bunkers, runways, and any aircraft sighted; following the guidance of the Tornado's laser-guided ordnance, the Buccaneers would commonly conduct dive-bombing runs upon remaining targets of opportunity in the vicinity. In one incident on 21 February 1991, a pair of Buccaneers destroyed two Iraqi transport aircraft on the ground at Shayka Mazhar airfield. The Buccaneers flew 218 missions during the Gulf War, in which they designated targets for other aircraft, and dropped 48 1567: 1256: 1696: 1026: 2307: 1776: 746: 2023: 2011: 1999: 1082: 933: 1982: 2321: 1442: 1434: 339: 762:

and the observer's navigation systems and fire control radar. The Buccaneer was one of the largest aircraft to operate from British aircraft carriers, and continued operating from them until the last conventional carrier was withdrawn in February 1979. During its service, the Buccaneer was the backbone of the Navy's ground strike operations, including nuclear strike.

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allowed an overshooting aircraft to pull away more quickly during a failed landing attempt. The nose cone and radar antenna could also be swung around by 180 degrees to reduce the length of the aircraft in the carrier hangar. This feature was particularly important due to the small size of the aircraft carriers from which the Buccaneer typically operated.

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fuel consumption) before descending, just outside the anticipated enemy radar detection range, to 100 feet (30 m) for a 500-knot (930 km/h; 580 mph) dash to and from the target. Targets might be ships-at-sea or large shore-based installations at long range from the launching aircraft-carrier. To illustrate, in May 1966, an S.2 launched from

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S.1 on a training flight suffered a massive uncontained engine failure. The pilot successfully ejected, but due to a mechanical failure in his ejection seat the navigator was killed. Subsequent inspections concluded that the Gyron Junior engine was no longer safe to fly. All remaining S.1s were grounded immediately and permanently.

392:" during the Second World War, these new Soviet cruisers presented a serious threat to the merchant fleets in the Atlantic. To counter this threat, the Royal Navy decided not to use a new ship class of its own, but instead introduce a specialised strike aircraft employing conventional or nuclear weapons. Operating from the Navy's 611:, both types were rejected by the RAF; as being firmly subsonic, and incapable of meeting the RAF's range requirements; while the B.108, which retained Gyron Junior engines while being 10,000 pounds (4,500 kg) heavier than the S.1, would have been severely underpowered, giving poor short-take off performance. The 968:

would not be a limiting factor of the Buccaneer's operational life, even under the formidable conditions imposed of low level flight. However, design changes for the Mark 2 Buccaneer, the addition of extended wingtips and the position of a new bolt hole, did cause fatigue problems leading to the loss

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From 1970, with 12 Squadron initially, followed by 15 Squadron, 16 Squadron, No. 237 OCU, 208 Squadron, and 216 Squadron, the RAF Buccaneer force re-equipped with WE.177 nuclear weapons. At peak strength, Buccaneers equipped six RAF squadrons, although for only a year. A more sustained strength of

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The bomb bay could also accommodate a 2,000-litre (440 imp gal; 530 US gal) ferry tank, a photo-reconnaissance 'crate', or a cargo container. The reconnaissance package featured an assortment of six cameras, each at different angles or having different imaging properties, and was

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in the Irish Sea, performed a low-level simulated nuclear weapon toss on the airfield at Gibraltar and returned to the ship, a 2,300-mile (3,700 km) trip The aircraft had an all-weather operational capability provided by the pilot's head-up display and Airstream Direction Detector, for example,

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in 1978, being employed in repeated strikes upon armoured vehicles, including enemy tanks, and to cover the withdrawal of friendly ground forces from the combat zone. The Buccaneer was capable of carrying heavy load outs over a long range, and could remain in theatre for longer than other aircraft,

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Deficiences in the Buccaneer S.1's Gyron Junior engines led to the type's career coming to an abrupt end in December 1970. On 1 December, an S.1 attempted to overshoot from a misjudged landing approach but one engine surged and produced no thrust, forcing the two crewmen to eject. On 8 December, an

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free-fall bombs, which were carried internally on a rotating bomb-bay door. Two FAA operational squadrons, and a training unit were equipped with the Buccaneer S.1. The aircraft was well liked by Navy aircrew for its strength and flying qualities, and the BLC system gave them slower landing speeds

814:

doors could not be opened safely into the air stream; therefore, Blackburn developed a revolving bomb bay which turned about the long axis of the aircraft, exposing the weapon load mounted on what was effectively the inside of the single bomb bay door and allowing it to be released quickly without

753:

The Buccaneer was a mid-wing, twin-engine aircraft. It had a crew of two in a tandem-seat arrangement with the observer seated higher and offset from the pilot to give a clear view forwards to enable him to assist in visual search. Its operational profile included cruising at altitude (for reduced

1227:

After the General Dynamics F-111K was cancelled in early 1968, due to the programme suffering serious cost escalation and delays, the RAF was forced to look for a replacement that was available and affordable, and reluctantly selected the Buccaneer. The first RAF unit to receive the Buccaneer was

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to achieve slow, stable flight. A consequence of the blown wing was that the engines were required to run at high power for low-speed flight in order to generate sufficient compressor gas for blowing. Blackburn's solution to this situation was the adoption of a large air brake; this addition also

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The Buccaneer had been designed specifically as a maritime nuclear strike aircraft. Its intended weapon was a nuclear air-to-surface missile codenamed Green Cheese but this weapon's development was cancelled, and in its place was the unguided 2,000-pound (900 kg) Red Beard, which had been

1424:

stimulated major changes in British defence policy, many aircraft being deemed to be surplus to requirements. It was decided that a number of Tornado GR1s would be modified for compatibility with the Sea Eagle missile, and take over the RAF's maritime strike mission, and the Buccaneer would be

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formed the tail-cone of the aircraft. The hydraulically operated air brake formed two leaves that could be opened into the airstream to quickly decelerate the aircraft. The style of air brake chosen by Blackburn was highly effective in the dive-attack profile that the Buccaneer was intended to

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able to leave the tailplane in a neutral position. With blowing on, the Spey 101 output drops to around 9,100 pounds-force (40,000 N), though about 600 pounds-force (2,700 N) is recovered from the trailing edge slits which face aft. About 70% of the blown air goes over the flaps and

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advances; thus, later Buccaneers were adapted to make use of several missiles capable of striking enemy ships from a distance. The Anglo-French Martel missile was introduced upon the Buccaneer, but the weapon was said to have been "very temperamental", and its deployment required an attacking

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air-to-surface missiles. Due to the need to patrol the vast coastline, they also specified aerial refueling, and larger 430-US-gallon (1,600 L; 360 imp gal) underwing tanks. Once in service, the extra thrust of the BS.605 rocket engines proved to be unnecessary, and they were

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and laser designator pods. A similar underwing configuration was latterly adopted by the SAAF. Upon its entry into service, the Buccaneer was capable of carrying practically all munitions then in use by Royal Navy aircraft. It was intended for a pack with twin 30 mm (1.2 in)

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in Scotland. The Buccaneer quickly replaced the FAA's Supermarine Scimitar, which had previously been performing the naval attack role. In addition to conventional ordnance, the Buccaneer was cleared for nuclear weapons delivery in 1965; weapons deployed included Red Beard and

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performance. Blackburn proposed two designs, the B.103A, a simple modification of the Buccaneer S.1 with more fuel, and the B.108, a more extensively modified aircraft with more sophisticated avionics. Against a background of inter-service distrust, political issues, and the

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had to be enlarged to accommodate the Spey, and the wing required minor aerodynamic modifications as a result. Hawker Siddeley announced the production order for the S.2 in January 1962. All Royal Navy squadrons had converted to the improved S.2 by the end of 1966. However,

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commissioned on 15 January 1963 as the Buccaneer headquarters and training squadron. It disbanded in March 1965, when it was renumbered as 736 Naval Air Squadron. It reformed in January 1966 as an operational squadron equipped with the Buccaneer S.2, deploying on HMS

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was the only country other than the UK to operate the Buccaneer, where it was in service with the SAAF from 1965 to 1991. In January 1963, even before the S.2 entered squadron service, South Africa had purchased 16 Spey-powered Buccaneers. The order was part of the

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were viewed as reducing the need for aircraft carriers, and fixed-wing naval aviation in general. The decision was highly controversial, particularly to those within the FAA. The Royal Navy would replace the naval strike capability of the Buccaneer with the smaller

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By April 1965, intensive trials of the new Buccaneer S.2 had begun, with the type entering operational service with the FAA later that year. The improved S.2 type proved its value when it became the first FAA aircraft to make a non-stop, unrefuelled crossing of the

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During the 1980 Red Flag exercises, one of the participating Buccaneers lost a wing mid-flight due to a fatigue-induced crack and crashed, killing its crew. The entire RAF Buccaneer fleet was grounded in February 1980; subsequent investigation discovered serious

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With the phased withdrawal of the Royal Navy's carrier fleet during the 1970s, the Fleet Air Arm's Buccaneers were transferred to the RAF, which had taken over the maritime strike role. 62 of the 84 S.2 aircraft were eventually transferred, redesignated

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of 400 nautical miles (740 km; 460 mi) at low altitude, and 800 nautical miles (1,500 km; 920 mi) at higher cruising altitudes. A weapons load of 8,000 pounds (3,600 kg) was required, including conventional bombs, the

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retired early. Squadrons operating the Buccaneer were quickly re-equipped with the Tornado; by mid-1993, 208 Squadron was the sole remaining operator of the type. The last Buccaneers were withdrawn in March 1994, when 208 Squadron disbanded.

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Further developments beyond the Buccaneer S.2 were put forward by Hawker Siddeley in the 1960s and 1970s; however none would be pursued through to production by either the Royal Navy or the Royal Air Force. One such effort was designated as

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This weapon system was used by Buccaneers in the South-African Air Force (SAAF) in the late 1980's in the final phases of the South-African involvement in the Angolan conflict: 2x H2 Raptor Glide Bombs, 1x Communications Pod, 1x ELT-555 ECM

1404:

Operations continued on practically every available day; missions did not take place at night as the laser pod lacked night-time functionality. Approximately 20 road bridges were destroyed by Buccaneer-supported missions, restricting the

896:. A full-span slit along the part of the wing's trailing edge was found to give almost 50% more lift than any contemporary scheme. In order to counteract the severe pitch movements that would otherwise be generated by use of BLC, a self- 815:

creating a massive increase in drag; this feature also proved convenient in providing ground-level access and unintentionally improved the aircraft's stealth capability by not generating a large increase in the radar cross section.

848:, a self-guiding 'fire-and-forget' missile capable of striking targets at an effective range of 60 miles (100 km), five times that of the Martel AJ 168 anti-ship missile, while also being significantly more powerful. 723:

1964–1970, the RAF had been hostile to the Buccaneer due to it being a naval aircraft; it has been further suggested that developing improved Buccaneers for the RAF would weaken arguments against the Royal Navy's planned

964:" shape of the fuselage. The majority of the airframe and fuselage was machined from solid castings to give the required strength to endure the stress of low-level operations. Considerable effort went into ensuring that 1875:

formed on 29 March 1965 as the Fleet Air Arm Buccaneer training squadron when 809 Squadron disbanded. It disbanded on 25 February 1972, with the task of training Buccaneer crews for the Fleet Air Arm transferred to 237

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reformed at Honington on 1 July 1974 in the strike role. It switched its primary mission to anti-shipping in 1983, moving to Lossiemouth in July that year. It disbanded on 31 March 1994, the last of the RAF's Buccaneer

1199:, the last of the navy's fleet carriers. Their retirement was part of a larger foreign policy agenda that was implemented throughout the 1970s. Measures such as the withdrawal of most British military forces stationed 924:, the Buccaneer took off in 3,000 feet (900 m) at 144 knots (267 km/h; 166 mph) with blown air. The figures become 3,700 feet (1,100 m) at 175 knots (325 km/h; 200 mph) without blown air. 1478:, but failed to sink it. The AS-30 missile was also used in ground attacks for effective precision strikes, one example being in 1981, when multiple missiles were used to strike a number of radar stations in southern 844:

Buccaneer to increase its altitude and thus its vulnerability to being attacked itself. An extensive upgrade programme undertaken in the 1980s added compatibility with several new pieces of equipment; including the

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Initial production aircraft suffered a series of accidents, largely due to insufficient engine power; this shortfall would be quickly addressed via the introduction of the Buccaneer S.2, equipped with more powerful

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if fully laden with both fuel and armament. A temporary solution to this problem was the "buddy system": aircraft took off with a full load of weaponry and minimal fuel, and would subsequently rendezvous with a

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that could be trimmed to suit the particular requirements of low-speed handling, or high-speed flight; the tailplane had to be high mounted due to the positioning and functionality of the Buccaneer's air brake.

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formed at Honington on 1 July 1979, with the intended role of anti-shipping operations. When the Buccaneer was grounded in 1980, the Squadron handed its aircraft to 12 Squadron without becoming operational.

239:. Instead of building a new class of its own cruisers, the Royal Navy decided that it could address the threat posed via low-level attack runs performed by Buccaneers, so low as to exploit the ship's 1359:, while others were scrapped; the nascent 216 Squadron was subsequently disbanded due to a resulting reduction in aircraft numbers. Later the same year, the UK-based Buccaneer squadrons moved to 309:

in the 1990s led to military cutbacks that accelerated the retirement of Britain's remaining Buccaneers; the last of the RAF's Buccaneers were retired in March 1994 in favour of the more modern

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for good gust response, and high-aspect ratio to give good range performance. The small wing was suited to high-speed flight at low altitude; however, a small wing did not generate sufficient

5865: 765:

The majority of the rear fuselage's internal area was used to house electronics, such as elements of the radio, equipment supporting the aircraft's radar functionality, and the crew's liquid

920:

ailerons, which are in a drooped position. Off an aircraft carrier, the minimum launch speed was around 120 knots (220 km/h; 140 mph) at 43,000 pounds (20,000 kg); from an

1152:, practising the type's role if war had broken out with the Soviet Union. During the 1960s and 1970s, the Royal Navy standardised the air wings operating from their carriers around the 1420:

It had originally been planned for the Buccaneer to remain in service until the end of the 1990s, having been extensively modernized in a process lasting up to 1989; the end of the

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programme would ensure that the 'interim' period would stretch out, and the Buccaneer would remain in RAF service for over two decades, long after the FAA had given up the type.

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range; and was mounted on a special bomb bay door, into which it nested neatly to reduce aerodynamic buffet on the launch aircraft. At low levels and high speeds, traditional

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For a carrier take-off, the Buccaneer was pulled tail-down on the catapult, with its nosewheel in the air to put the wing at about 11°. It could be launched "hands-off": the

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In order to dramatically improve aerodynamic performance at slow speeds, such as during takeoff and landing, Blackburn adopted a new aerodynamic control technology, known as

5498: 251:, allowing it to attack vessels from a stand-off distance and thus improve its survivability against modern ship-based anti-aircraft weapons. The Buccaneer performed its 5858: 1530:, following on from a less successful attempt on 12 December 1987. Only five aircraft remained operational by the time the Buccaneer was retired from service in 1991. 1848:

formed at RAF Honington on 1 March 1971 as the Operational Conversion Unit for the Buccaneer. In 1984, it gained the additional role of laser designation support for

404: 2580: 598:

light bombers, with supersonic speed, and a 1,000-nautical-mile (1,900 km; 1,200 mi) combat radius; asking for an all-weather aircraft that could deliver

5832: 5792: 5772: 5762: 5757: 5752: 5493: 5488: 1963: 1852:(RAFG), and moved north to Lossiemouth in October 1984. The OCU disbanded on 1 October 1991, with training duties for the Buccaneer being handled by 208 Squadron. 823:

capable of mounting 1,000-pound (450 kg) bombs, missiles, fuel tanks, or other equipment such as flares; later developments saw the adoption of wing-mounted

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eventually removed from all aircraft. South Africa later sought to procure further Buccaneers, but the British government blocked further orders, because of a

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system was interconnected with the BLC system, and additional blowing of the wing's leading edge was also introduced. The use of BLC allowed the use of

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Some Fleet Air Arm Buccaneers were modified in-service to also carry the Martel anti-ship missile. Martel-capable FAA aircraft were later redesignated

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that was essential for carrier operations. Therefore, BLC was used upon both the wing and tailplane, having the effect of energising and smoothing the

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in October 1969, in the maritime strike role, at first equipped with ex-Royal Navy Buccaneer S.2As. This was to remain a key station for the type, as

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airflow, which significantly reduced airflow separation at the back of the wing, and therefore decreased stall speed, and increased effectiveness of

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for first flight and testing. First aircraft flown on 23 January 1962. A further ten S.1 aircraft ordered in September 1959 were completed as S.2s.

4383: 4368: 4328: 3864: 5473: 5463: 5458: 5453: 5448: 5443: 5438: 5433: 5428: 5423: 5418: 5408: 5403: 5393: 5388: 5383: 5333: 5328: 5323: 5313: 5283: 5273: 5258: 5253: 5238: 5233: 5223: 5218: 5208: 5193: 5183: 5163: 5153: 5148: 5143: 5128: 5123: 5118: 5108: 5103: 5098: 5093: 5088: 5083: 5078: 5073: 5068: 5058: 5053: 5048: 5043: 5023: 5008: 4998: 4993: 4988: 4973: 4968: 4958: 4953: 4948: 4943: 4938: 4933: 4913: 4883: 4878: 4873: 4863: 4848: 4843: 4833: 4828: 4808: 1482:. For overland attack, the SAAF Buccaneers carried up to four 1,000-pound (450 kg) bombs in the rotary bomb bay, and four bombs, flares, or 297:

The Royal Navy retired the last of its large aircraft carriers in February 1979; as a result, the Buccaneer's strike role was transferred to the

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aircraft, it would have also adopted the same radar system as that being developed for the TSR-2. An even more extensively upgraded model, the

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was also mooted, which would have been furnished with more sophisticated land-strike capabilities derived from the TSR-2 again. According to

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laser-guided bombs; allowing the aircraft to act as target designators for further Buccaneers, Jaguars, and other strike aircraft. From 1986,

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carried internally could be dropped to provide an effective deterrent against any following aircraft. In 1979, the RAF obtained the American

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formed at Lossiemouth in Scotland on 1 May 1965, training its crews before moving back to South Africa in November that year, being based at

495:. The lack of power meant, however, that the loss of an engine during take-off, or landing at full load, when the aircraft was dependent on 4247: 1487: 3275: 1315:

in 1975, the RAF became keenly interested. The first Red Flag in which RAF aircraft were involved was in 1977, with 10 Buccaneers and two

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would have employed a mix of unguided bombs and rockets at close range. This tactic became increasingly impractical in the face of Soviet

749:

A 208 Sqn. RAF Buccaneer S.2B in 1981. Wrap-around camouflage was applied, as it would often be observed while manoeuvring at low levels

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jet engines, in 1965. The Buccaneer S.2 would be the first Fleet Air Arm (FAA) aircraft to make a non-stop, unrefuelled crossing of the

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exercise over Canada. The Buccaneer proved successful with its fast low-level attacks, which were highly accurate despite the lack of

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bombers participating. Buccaneers would be involved in later Red Flags through to 1983, and in 1979, also participated in the similar

1967: 1293: 17: 1815:

in Germany in January 1971, operating in the overland strike role. It disbanded on 1 July 1983, handing its aircraft to 16 Squadron.

1494:, with an estimated explosion yield of 10-18 kilotons, were designed for delivery by either the Buccaneer or the Canberra bomber. 1845: 1245: 1142: 3629: 1706: 1618:

turbofan engines. From 1962, ten were built by Blackburn Aircraft Limited, and seventy-four by Hawker Siddeley Aviation Limited.

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capability. RAF low-level strike Buccaneers could carry out what was known as 'retard defence'; four 1,000-pound (450 kg)

6624: 4773: 3350: 1953: 1461:

in South Africa, in exchange for maritime weapons. An order for a further 20 Buccaneers was blocked by British Prime Minister

732:(MoD), it was claimed that two Buccaneer 2* could do the job of one General Dynamics F-111, for less than half the unit cost. 6654: 4116: 4086: 3955: 3818: 2361: 1914:

commissioned on 3 July 1967 at Lossiemouth as the Buccaneer trials and headquarters squadron, disbanding on 18 December 1969.

1330: 267:. During the 1960s and 1970s, the Royal Navy standardised the air wings operating from their carriers around the Buccaneer, 1643: 1522:

making it attractive for the CAS role. On 3 January 1988, Buccaneers of the SADF destroyed the important bridge across the

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five squadrons was made up of three squadrons (15 Squadron, 16 Squadron, 208 Squadron), plus No. 237 OCU (a war reserve or

1264: 729: 361:; the S.2 featured more powerful Rolls-Royce Spey turbofan engines that allowed it to launch at its maximum take-off weight 294:, would also be cancelled. The Buccaneer was purchased as a TSR-2 substitute and entered RAF service during October 1969. 3966:

RAF Squadrons, a Comprehensive Record of the Movement and Equipment of all RAF Squadrons and their Antecedents since 1912

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Variant for South Africa. Wings could be folded, but folding was no longer powered. Aircraft could be equipped with two

700:, which was presented as a cost-effective alternative to the TSR-2. The 2* would have featured newer equipment; such as 451:(Blackburn Advanced Naval Aircraft) in documents, leading to the nickname of "Banana Jet". The first prototype made its 410:, calling for a two-seat aircraft with folding wings, capable of flying at 550 knots (1,020 km/h; 630 mph) at 6183: 5843: 1308: 819:

only mounted on missions specifically involving reconnaissance activities. The Buccaneer also featured four underwing

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commissioned on 17 July 1962 as the Fleet Air Arm's first Buccaneer squadron. It made one shakedown deployment on HMS

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Spey also had significantly lower fuel consumption than the pure-jet Gyron, which provided improved range. The engine

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Pre-production build of nine prototype NA.39 aircraft, and a development batch of fourteen S.1s ordered 2 June 1955.

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also used eight S.1 aircraft taken from storage to meet an extra training demand for RAF crews until December 1970.

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The RAF Strategic Nuclear Deterrent Forces: Their Origins, Roles and Deployment, 1946-1969: a Documentary History.

1008:. To extend the Buccanneer's operating life during the 1980s, it was deemed necessary to replace the original new 6634: 6560: 1307:

Opportunities for Buccaneer squadrons to engage in realistic training were limited, and so when the US began its

781:. The aircraft was made easier to control and land via an integrated flight control computer that performed auto- 555: 6467: 2854: 720: 290:

bomber, but this aircraft would be cancelled largely due to its high cost, then its selected replacement, the

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Chesneau, Roger. "Aeroguide 30 - Blackburn Buccaneer S Mks 1 and 2". Suffolk, UK: Ad Hoc Publications, 2005.

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Phoenix Squadron: HMS Ark Royal, Britain's Last Topguns and the Untold Story of Their Most Dramatic Mission.

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to be developed for the Buccaneer, but the effort was abandoned and the type was never equipped with a gun.

6025: 1725: 1396: 644:. RAF aircraft were given various upgrades. Self-defence was improved by the addition of the AN/ALQ-101 286:

carrying nuclear weapons. It was rejected as not meeting the specification in favour of the more advanced

41: 6619: 6414: 6198: 4233: 2941: 2344: 350: 4205: 4138: 3874: 3752: 3365: 2714: 1280:, joining 15 Squadron at RAF Laarbruch, and 208 Squadron at Honington; the last ex-FAA aircraft went to 977:

perform, as well as effectively balancing out induced drag from operating the BLC system. It featured a

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Aircraft Carriers: A History of Carrier Aviation and Its Influence on World Events, Volume I: 1909-1945

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had expressed mild interest in the aircraft, but quickly moved on to the development of its comparable

1458: 1248:, forming at Honington in March 1971. The Buccaneer was seen as an interim solution, but delays in the 645: 420: 1574: 305:

problems, the RAF's fleet was reduced to 60 aircraft while the rest were withdrawn. The ending of the

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at Laarbruch in October 1972. It discarded its Buccaneers on 29 February 1984, re-equipping with the

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problems to be present on numerous aircraft. A total of 60 aircraft were selected to receive new

1324: 889: 619: 591: 551:, and higher capacity wheel brakes, and had manually folded wings. They were equipped to use the 540: 532: 314: 291: 119: 2391: 1973:

Five Buccaneers in the UK (XN923, XN974, XW544, XX894 and XX900) are in fast taxiing condition.

1409:'s mobility and communications. In conjunction with the advance of Coalition ground forces into 6639: 6324: 6193: 6140: 6012: 5978: 5973: 5827: 5822: 5817: 5812: 5802: 5797: 5787: 5767: 5659: 5643: 5483: 5478: 5468: 5398: 4893: 4457: 4170: 3786:

Caygill, Peter. "Flying the Buccaneer: Britain's Cold War Warrior." Casemate Publishers, 2008.

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developed for the English Electric Canberra. Red Beard had an explosive yield in the 10 to 20

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in August 1952, and the first responses were returned in February 1953. Blackburn's design by

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rockets, as well as performing bombardment operations. Buccaneers played a major role in the

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of roughly 18,000 feet (5,500 m), and successfully attacked the As Suwaira Road Bridge.

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capability, and could be equipped with a bulged bomb-bay door containing an extra fuel tank.

3842:, Vol. 46, No 3, March 1994, pp. 137–144. Stamford, UK: Key Publishing. ISSN 0306-5634. 1195:

The Buccaneer was retired from FAA service with the decommissioning in February 1979 of the

797: 317:(SAAF) was the only export customer for the type. Buccaneers saw combat action in the first 6588: 6515: 6500: 6178: 5998: 5993: 5968: 5899: 4081:(3rd ed.). Durban, South Africa: Just Done Productions Publishing, 2006first edition 1985. 3869: 2946: 2349: 1839: 1832: 1671: 1642:

anti-radar or anti-shipping missile. Forty-six built between 1973 and 1977, plus three for

1602:

turbojet engines. Forty built, ordered on 25 September 1959, built at Brough and towed to

1543: 1454: 1281: 973: 937: 836: 755: 680: 488: 482:) of thrust. This mark was somewhat underpowered, and as a consequence, could not achieve 8: 6487: 6349: 6309: 6259: 6101: 6040: 5963: 5934: 5914: 5894: 4732: 4727: 4627: 4577: 4358: 4353: 4348: 4333: 1818: 1808: 1794: 1335: 1277: 1260: 1237: 1229: 1124: 1042: 845: 778: 5873: 560: 6442: 6354: 6304: 6269: 6264: 6150: 5904: 4702: 4692: 4587: 4572: 4562: 4547: 4482: 4423: 4403: 4398: 4303: 4256: 1518: 1474: 1356: 1352: 1009: 901: 824: 428: 206: 89: 4758: 6629: 6598: 6545: 6520: 6505: 6457: 5939: 5874: 4717: 4697: 4647: 4557: 4552: 4502: 4467: 4462: 4273: 4153: 4127: 4112: 4097: 4082: 4049: 4028: 4010: 3994: 3969: 3951: 3935: 3920: 3905: 3887: 3838: 3829: 3814: 3798: 3787: 3776: 3741: 3729: 3717: 2228: 2215: 1929:

from 1970 until the carrier decommissioned in 1979. It disbanded on 15 December 1978.

1566: 1510: 1468:

In the maritime strike role, SAAF Buccaneers were armed with the French radio-guided

1414: 1070:

than they were accustomed to. The Buccaneers were painted dark sea grey on top, and

684: 248: 1695: 1486:

rocket packs on the underwing stores pylons. During the 1990s, it was revealed that

1255: 6593: 6530: 6510: 6279: 6203: 6173: 6020: 5886: 5878: 5742: 5649: 4818: 4747: 4677: 4662: 4602: 4532: 4527: 4477: 4472: 4288: 4074: 2255: 2207: 1759: 1615: 1614:

Development of the S.1 with various improvements, and powered by the more powerful

1547: 1491: 1187: 1130: 1129:

took part in a 1,500-mile (2,400 km) mission to show a military presence over

1106: 1071: 1061: 953: 672: 661: 602:

over a long range, operate at high level at Mach 2+ or low level at Mach 1.2, with

571: 507: 492: 343: 260: 243:

to minimise the opportunity for being fired upon. The Buccaneer could attack using

210: 194: 1662:

Royal Navy aircraft upgraded to S.2B standard, operational with Martels from 1975.

988:

The wing design of the Buccaneer was a compromise between two requirements: a low-

873: 247:

or conventional munitions. During its service life, it would be modified to carry

6570: 6555: 6477: 6394: 6389: 6219: 6208: 6168: 6125: 6106: 6065: 6055: 6035: 5988: 5983: 5919: 5714: 5704: 5679: 5674: 5619: 5594: 5584: 5539: 5263: 5168: 5138: 5038: 5033: 5028: 5018: 5013: 5003: 4983: 4978: 4963: 4918: 4908: 4903: 4898: 4793: 4789: 4672: 4667: 4652: 4642: 4597: 4582: 4517: 4507: 4323: 4293: 3675: 3652: 3613: 3279: 2326: 1940:

At one point, a total of three privately owned Buccaneers were being operated at

1904:

was retired following a fire in 1967, 801 Naval Air Squadron was assigned to HMS

1826: 1802: 1788: 1551: 1360: 1289: 1249: 1177: 1056:

The Buccaneer entered service with the Fleet Air Arm (FAA) on 17 July 1962, when

1049: 908: 865: 701: 584: 355: 310: 276: 218: 198: 114: 94: 66: 5669: 1025: 6583: 6540: 6289: 6284: 6130: 6060: 5949: 5924: 5699: 5694: 5684: 5634: 5629: 5574: 5559: 5544: 4928: 4923: 4888: 4868: 4858: 4853: 4712: 4657: 4637: 4632: 4617: 4612: 4607: 4592: 4408: 4393: 4388: 4378: 4373: 4363: 4343: 4338: 4313: 4308: 3764: 2211: 1781: 1763: 1715: 1679: 1639: 1514: 1276:; some of these were later upgraded to S.2B standard. Ex-FAA aircraft equipped 1099: 997: 916: 770: 649: 627: 599: 443:, won the tender in July 1955. For reasons of secrecy, the aircraft was called 301:

and the Buccaneers were transferred to the RAF. After a crash in 1980 revealed

264: 244: 236: 63: 47: 4220: 4215: 3836:

Gething, Michael J. "The Buccaneer Bows Out: Valediction for the Sky Pirate".

2026: 2014: 2002: 396:, and attacking at high speed and low level, it would offer a solution to the 6613: 6550: 6535: 6472: 6384: 6379: 6334: 6319: 6314: 6299: 6135: 6045: 5929: 5689: 5664: 5639: 5614: 5599: 5589: 5554: 5534: 5529: 5413: 5378: 5373: 5368: 5363: 5358: 5353: 5348: 5343: 5338: 5318: 5308: 5303: 5298: 5293: 5288: 5278: 5268: 5248: 5243: 5228: 5213: 5203: 5198: 5188: 5178: 5173: 5158: 5133: 5113: 5063: 4838: 4823: 4813: 4722: 4707: 4537: 4522: 4497: 4318: 4298: 4283: 4278: 2955: 2224: 1860: 1812: 1798: 1472:

missile. In March 1971, Buccaneers fired 12 AS-30s at a stricken tanker, the

1462: 1241: 1233: 1157: 1001: 965: 665: 479: 475: 467: 452: 415: 393: 385: 302: 272: 252: 240: 1102:. On 28 March 1967, Buccaneers from RNAS Lossiemouth bombed the shipwrecked 6437: 6432: 6427: 6359: 6214: 6188: 6086: 5604: 5508: 5503: 4221:

Destruction of the Cuito River bridge on 3 January 1988 by a SAAF Buccaneer

4200: 3860: 3762:

Buttler, Tony. "Strike Rivals: The ones that 'lost' when the TSR.2 'won'."

2339: 2183: 2171: 1941: 1746: 1449: 1339: 1200: 993: 989: 861: 745: 716: 588: 576: 548: 544: 436: 366: 225: 1488:

South Africa had manufactured six air-deliverable tactical nuclear weapons

1300:

forces in continental Europe, plus one squadron (12 Squadron) assigned to

502:

The long-term solution to the underpowered S.1 was the development of the

6329: 6274: 6163: 6091: 6008: 5624: 5609: 5579: 5569: 5564: 5549: 5524: 2259: 1523: 1316: 1297: 1160:

aircraft. A total of six FAA squadrons were equipped with the Buccaneer:

961: 829: 456: 374: 373:

soon needed to respond to the threat posed by the rapid expansion of the

283: 4176: 3714:

Aircraft Carriers: The World's Greatest Naval Vessels and Their Aircraft

1148:

The Buccaneer also participated in regular patrols and exercises in the

907:

Before landing, the pilot would open the BLC vents as well as lower the

6374: 6369: 6364: 6344: 6158: 4182: 3902:

From East of Suez to the Eastern Atlantic: British Naval Policy 1964-70

2252: 2245: 1857: 1527: 1406: 1320: 1103: 1081: 885: 820: 786: 669: 496: 370: 280: 202: 107: 4094:

Rocketing into the Future: The History and Technology of Rocket Planes

2121:

580 kn (670 mph, 1,070 km/h) at 200 ft (61 m)

1509:

guerilla camps. During a ground offensive, Buccaneers would often fly

618:

After the cancellation of the TSR-2, and then the substitute American

6249: 4225: 3827:

English, Malcolm. "Database: Blackburn (Hawker Siddeley) Buccaneer".

2312: 2266: 1497:

SAAF Buccaneers saw active service in the 1970s and 1980s during the

1149: 1138: 981: 957: 949: 932: 893: 869: 612: 411: 377:. Chief amongst Soviet naval developments in the early 1950s was the 287: 1678:

rockets to assist take-off from hot-and-high airfields like that of

773:

drawn from the tailfin. For redundancy, the Buccaneer featured dual

6578: 6244: 2187: 2179: 2175: 2103: 1711: 1683: 1421: 1390: 1386: 1343: 1296:(SACEUR) for land strike duties in support of land forces opposing 1112: 945: 921: 811: 511: 318: 306: 4059: 3775:, Volume 14. London: Aerospace Publishing, 1999. pp. 34–103. 769:

life support system; the whole compartment was actively cooled by

547:" African airfields. The S.50 was also equipped with strengthened 2281: 1719: 1539: 1502: 1371: 1240:

equipped with the Buccaneer the following year, before moving to

1057: 1005: 807: 774: 676: 515: 483: 388:, being fast, effectively armed, and numerous. Like the German " 4048:. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). 3738:

From Spitfire to Eurofighter: 45 Years of Combat Aircraft Design

3137: 3135: 1805:

in Scotland in November 1980, and disbanded on 30 November 1993.

1441: 1433: 275:. The Buccaneer was also offered as a possible solution for the 6078: 3873:. Vol. 83, no. 2821. pp. 467–478. Archived from 2236: 1479: 1379: 1367: 1205: 1134: 1066: 860:

A depiction of the Buccaneer, the blowing slots visible on the

766: 725: 579:, a space-saving feature typically employed by carrier aircraft 338: 255:

in April 1958 and entered Royal Navy service during July 1962.

3733:, Vol. 23, No. 3, March 1995,. pp. 24–29. ISSN 0143-7240. 3590: 872:

are highlighted; these aerodynamic features contribute to the

3740:. Shrewsbury, Shropshire, UK: Airlife Publishing Ltd., 1990. 3132: 1506: 1469: 1385:

The Buccaneer took part in combat operations during the 1991

1378:. On 11 September 1983, two of these aircraft flew low over 1172:

and 809 Naval Air Squadrons. Buccaneers were embarked on HMS

683:, then No. 12 (B) Squadron, replaced the Martel ASM with the 626:. These had RAF-type communications and avionics equipment, 552: 4193:"NA.39 - Blackburn's Naval Bomber: A First Analytical Study" 4007:

Buccaneer: The story of the last all-British strike aircraft

888:, which was "blown" against various parts of the aircraft's 3771:

Calvert, Denis J. and David Donald. "Blackburn Buccaneer".

3607:"CAA Approval to Fly! XX885 (G-HHAA) To Return to the Sky." 2197: 2027:

Footage of Buccaneer activities during US Red Flag exercise

1675: 1483: 1410: 708: 603: 2820:"Thunder & Lightnings - Blackburn Buccaneer - History" 4187: 4126:(The Aviation Factfile). London: Grange Books plc, 2006. 1869:(S.1 and S.2 Intensive Flying Trials Units, respectively) 1801:

on 1 October 1969, in an anti-shipping role. It moved to

1490:

between 1978 and 1993. These nuclear weapons, containing

224:

The Buccaneer was originally designed in response to the

3968:. Shrewsbury, Shropshire, UK: Airlife Publishing, 2001. 2469: 2467: 1626:

Ex-Royal Navy S.2 aircraft reworked for Royal Air Force.

1550:

showed a greater interest, and considered replacing its

4788: 4145:, 11 February 1971, Vol. 99 No. 3231, pp. 202–207. 1137:) shortly before its independence, to deter a possible 583:

Blackburn's first attempt to sell the Buccaneer to the

3849:. London: Macdonald & Co. (Publishers) Ltd., 1964. 2464: 1554:

with the type, although it eventually decided on the

1363:

in order to free space at Honington for the Tornado.

543:

rocket engines to provide additional thrust for the "

2629: 2302: 2170:

4 × under-wing pylon stations for up to 12,000

1570:

A 700Z Sqn Buccaneer S.1 at RNAS Lossiemouth in 1961

940:

which made up the aircraft's rear fuselage tail cone

884:(BLC). BLC bled high-pressure air directly from the 403:

A detailed specification was issued in June 1952 as

3759:

Vol. 99, No. 3227, 14 January 1971, pp. 56–59.

2334:

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

960:

speeds, and gave rise to the characteristic curvy "

470:(FAA) in January 1963. It was powered by a pair of 342:Buccaneer S.1 at the 1962 Farnborough Airshow; the 1985:Orthographic projection of the Blackburn Buccaneer 1882:commissioned on 18 March 1964, serving aboard HMS 835:Early on in the Buccaneer's career, conventional 4079:Borderstrike!: South Africa into Angola 1975-1980 3768:, No. 59, September/October 1995, pp. 12–23. 3288: 2855:"[SAAF] Buccaneer H-2 Raptor Weapon Pack" 2521: 2519: 2106:engines, 11,000 lbf (49 kN) thrust each 1976: 1811:formed at Honington on 1 October 1970, moving to 1731:Aeroplane and Armament Experimental Establishment 1701:South African National Museum of Military History 531:In October 1962, 16 aircraft were ordered by the 427:anti-ship missile. Based on the requirement, the 6611: 3917:The Royal Navy 1930-1990: Innovation and Defense 3716:. Minneapolis, Minnesota: Zenith Imprint, 2004. 2639:September/October 1995, pp. 12–13, 15–16, 21–23. 2042:Aeroguide 30: Blackburn Buccaneer S Mks. 1 and 2 1244:in 1971, and the RAF Buccaneer conversion unit, 1164:(intensive flying trials unit), 736 (training), 587:(RAF) occurred in 1957–1958, in response to the 4216:"1995 documentary about the Buccaneer's career" 3856:. London: Frederick Warne & Co. Ltd., 1968. 3684: 3630:"Hawker Hunter Aviation's new model air force." 2287: 2015:RAF Buccaneer performing display flight in 1993 1115:to make the oil burn in an attempt to avoid an 728:-class aircraft carriers. In one report by the 539:. These were S.2 aircraft with the addition of 3206: 3000: 2998: 2996: 2994: 2908: 2906: 2516: 1733:(A&AEE) colours at Kemble Airport, England 1654:Royal Navy aircraft upgraded to S.2A standard. 777:for electrical systems, and three independent 5859: 4774: 4241: 4183:Blackburn Buccaneer: The awesome "Banana" Jet 3865:"Buccaneer - An Outstanding Strike Aeroplane" 3833:, Vol. 40, No. 4, April 2012, pp. 69–86. 3811:A Passion For Flying 8000 hours of RAF Flying 3502: 3500: 3173:Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 3016: 2778: 2776: 2774: 2655: 2642: 2190:), with provisions to carry combinations of: 2133:2,000 nmi (2,300 mi, 3,700 km) 4122:Winchester, Jim, ed. "Blackburn Buccaneer." 3560: 3558: 3544: 3542: 3486: 3484: 3267: 3265: 3263: 3261: 3259: 3257: 3255: 3253: 3185: 3183: 3181: 2940:Burns, J.G.; Edwards, M. (14 January 1971). 2939: 1428: 952:technique, which had the effect of reducing 510:engine, which provided 40% more thrust. The 491:that would deliver the full load of fuel by 346:colour scheme is for the nuclear strike role 4009:. Sparkford, UK: Patrick Stephens Limited. 3619:, 12 April 2006. Retrieved: 7 October 2009. 2991: 2903: 2872: 2803: 2794: 2668: 2589: 2528: 2455: 2446: 2433: 5866: 5852: 4781: 4767: 4248: 4234: 4027:. Herndon, Virginia: Potomac Books, 2006. 3681:, 5 April 2009. Retrieved: 7 October 2009. 3658:, 5 April 2009. Retrieved: 7 October 2009. 3513: 3497: 3455: 3199: 3197: 3195: 3059: 3057: 3055: 3053: 2771: 2746: 2744: 2701: 2699: 2697: 2695: 2693: 2558: 2556: 526: 462:The first production Buccaneer model, the 3991:Fight's On!: Airborne with the Aggressors 3571: 3555: 3539: 3526: 3481: 3468: 3337: 3335: 3333: 3250: 3237: 3178: 3150:Bishop and Chant 2004, pp. 65, 71–72, 74. 3101: 2881: 2831: 2829: 2494: 2485: 1366:In 1983, six Buccaneer S.2s were sent to 927: 851: 792: 704:and onboard computers from the cancelled 205:(RN). Designed and initially produced by 3904:. Surrey, UK: Ashgate Publishing, 2013. 3693: 2145:120.5 lb/sq ft (588 kg/m) 1962:has been rebuilt to flying condition by 1724: 1705: 1694: 1573: 1565: 1445:SAAF Buccaneer at AFB Waterkloof, c.1980 1440: 1432: 1395: 1329: 1254: 1080: 1024: 948:of the Buccaneer was designed using the 931: 904:to be entirely discarded in the design. 855: 796: 744: 690: 594:OR.339, for a replacement for the RAF's 570: 349: 337: 27:Royal Navy carrier-borne attack aircraft 3945: 3881: 3859: 3446: 3428: 3297: 3192: 3114: 3092: 3050: 2741: 2690: 2553: 1846:No. 237 Operational Conversion Unit RAF 1246:No. 237 Operational Conversion Unit RAF 1143:its territorial claims over the country 213:, it was later officially known as the 14: 6612: 4255: 4004: 3727:Boot, Roy. "Father of the Buccaneer". 3330: 3083: 2826: 2178:) of bombs, and 1 × internal rotating 1954:List of surviving Blackburn Buccaneers 1538:Early in the Buccaneer programme, the 1457:, in which the UK obtained use of the 1304:(SACLANT) for maritime strike duties. 1015: 1012:on those aircraft that were retained. 1004:control surfaces, including flaps and 5847: 4762: 4229: 3948:Aircraft from 1914 to the present day 3808: 2762: 2362:List of aircraft of the Fleet Air Arm 1958:In the United Kingdom, Buccaneer S.2 1947: 1558:for its maritime strike requirement. 384:; these vessels were classifiable as 4045:The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989 2681: 1501:, frequently flying over Angola and 1265:Naval Air Weapons Station China Lake 1222: 1052:over Jacksonville, Florida, in 1976 466:, entered squadron service with the 217:when Blackburn became a part of the 2063:63 ft 5 in (19.33 m) 1886:. It disbanded on 23 February 1972. 1598:First production model, powered by 1578:A Buccaneer S.2 on the deck of HMS 1370:to support British peacekeepers in 24: 6184:de Havilland Canada DHC-1 Chipmunk 5877:manufactured in Britain since the 3984:Royal Air Force Historical Society 3366:"Nuclear Threat Initiative (NTI)." 3072:"Buccaneer Enters Service Today." 2988:Burns and Edwards 1971, pp. 58–59. 2930:Burns and Edwards 1971, pp. 56–58. 2075:16 ft 3 in (4.95 m) 1980: 1935: 1686:, where the type was mostly based. 566: 25: 6666: 4164: 4124:Military Aircraft of the Cold War 3389:Steenkamp 2006, pp. 178-179, 187. 3380:Steenkamp 2006, pp. 151-153, 164. 3369:Nuclear Disarmament South Africa. 3225:Jefford et al. 2005, pp. 105-106. 2900:Jefford et al. 2005, pp. 113-114. 2581:"British to sell jets to Africa." 2421:Jefford et al. 2005, pp. 103-104. 2269:for extended range/loitering time 2081:514 sq ft (47.8 m) 1970:permission to fly in April 2006. 1766:. It disbanded on 28 March 1991. 1302:Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic 1212:, which were operated from their 640:. The remaining aircraft became 615:was eventually selected in 1959. 6340:Rolls-Royce Thrust Measuring Rig 3981:"Seminar - Maritime Operations." 3661: 3638: 3622: 3599: 3584: 3273:"Gulf War Buccaneer Operations." 3170:"Sea Harrier – A New Dimension." 2319: 2305: 2196:4 × Matra rocket pods with 18 × 2021: 2009: 1997: 1774: 1739: 1400:Buccaneer S.2B in flight in 1994 1284:shortly before its disbandment. 1020: 221:, but this name is rarely used. 40: 3854:The Observer's Book of Aircraft 3712:Bishop, Chris and Chris Chant. 3706: 3437: 3419: 3410: 3401: 3392: 3383: 3374: 3359: 3351:"SA-30 Air-to-Surface Missile." 3344: 3315: 3306: 3228: 3219: 3162: 3153: 3144: 3123: 3066: 3041: 3029: 3007: 2982: 2970: 2933: 2924: 2915: 2894: 2847: 2838: 2812: 2785: 2753: 2732: 2723: 2708: 2620: 2611: 2602: 2574: 2565: 2541: 2507: 2093:62,000 lb (28,123 kg) 2087:30,000 lb (13,608 kg) 2038:The Observer's Book of Aircraft 1896:, before being assigned to HMS 1294:Supreme Allied Commander Europe 1048:, accompanied by three US Navy 648:(ECM) pod (also found on RAF's 423:free-fall nuclear bomb, or the 6468:Scottish Aviation Twin Pioneer 3141:Bishop and Chant 2004, p. 115. 2513:Bishop and Chant 2004, p. 162. 2476: 2424: 2415: 2406: 2384: 2182:with a capacity of 4,000 2139:40,000 ft (12,000 m) 1977:Specifications (Buccaneer S.2) 1582:in the Mediterranean Sea, 1970 447:(Blackburn Naval Aircraft) or 354:A Buccaneer S.2 launches from 328: 201:designed in the 1950s for the 13: 1: 6625:1950s British attack aircraft 6295:Fairey Ultra-light Helicopter 4188:The FAA Buccaneer Association 3932:Blackburn Aircraft since 1909 2715:"RAF plans Buccaneer update." 2372: 2214:, 2x AJ-168 TV Martel,or 3 × 1908:, disbanding on 21 July 1970. 1600:de Havilland Gyron Junior 101 1210:British Aerospace Sea Harrier 1085:Buccaneer S.2 landing on HMS 333: 299:British Aerospace Sea Harrier 6655:Aircraft first flown in 1958 4684:Fighters and Strike fighters 4111:London: Bantam Press, 2009. 4096:. New York: Springer, 2012. 4038: 3751:Burns, J.G. and M. Edwards. 3303:Jefford et al. 2005, p. 115. 2562:Jefford et al. 2005, p. 105. 2482:Jefford et al. 2005, p. 104. 2377: 2288:Notable appearances in media 2210:for self-defence, 3 × AS-37 2003:Documentary on the Buccaneer 1867:700Z/700B Naval Air Squadron 1690: 1029:A Royal Navy Buccaneer S.2 ( 133:211 (including 2 prototypes) 46:A Buccaneer taking off from 7: 6199:British Aerospace Jetstream 4173:from Thunder and Lightnings 3919:. London: Routledge, 2004. 3884:Attack Aircraft of the West 3175:, Volume 53, Issue 6, 1981. 3159:Jefford et al. 2005, p. 61. 2791:Gunston 1962, pp. 475, 478. 2345:Republic F-105 Thunderchief 2298: 1561: 1327:and other modern avionics. 801:Head-on view of a Buccaneer 740: 474:turbojets, producing 7,100 10: 6671: 6423:Armstrong Whitworth Argosy 6240:Armstrong Whitworth A.W.52 6119: / anti-submarine 5910:English Electric Lightning 4453:Blackburn Second Monoplane 4444:Touring and light aircraft 3813:. Pen $ Sword Books Ltd. 3753:"Blow, blow thou BLC wind" 3294:Gething 1994, pp. 143–144. 3234:Chesneau 2005, pp. 16, 22. 2942:"Blow, Blow Thou BLC Wind" 2738:Hampshire 2013, pp. 60–61. 2720:, 4 February 1984. p. 316. 2525:Jackson 1968, pp. 487–488. 2291: 1951: 1638:. Capable of carrying the 1513:(CAS) missions armed with 646:electronic countermeasures 90:Blackburn Aircraft Limited 6569: 6486: 6463:Scottish Aviation Pioneer 6413: 6405:Youngman-Baynes High Lift 6228: 6149: 6115: 6097:English Electric Canberra 6077: 6007: 5948: 5885: 5713: 5517: 4801: 4448:Blackburn First Monoplane 4437: 4264: 3679:blackburn-buccaneer.co.uk 3656:blackburn-buccaneer.co.uk 3617:blackburn-buccaneer.co.uk 3443:Chesneau 2005, pp. 15–16. 3425:Chesneau 2005, pp. 11–12. 3356:, Retrieved: 19 May 2013. 3078:The Times Digital Archive 2665:11 February 1971, p. 203. 2586:, 12 October 1962. p. 10. 2020: 2008: 1996: 1991: 1533: 1505:, launching attacks upon 1119:. In 1972, Buccaneers of 1111:off the western coast of 735: 596:English Electric Canberra 499:, could be catastrophic. 472:de Havilland Gyron Junior 365:Following the end of the 321:of 1991, and the lengthy 215:Hawker Siddeley Buccaneer 172: 157: 142: 137: 129: 103: 80: 72: 59: 54: 39: 34: 18:Hawker Siddeley Buccaneer 5969:de Havilland Sea Vampire 3993:. Zenith Imprint, 1996. 3946:Jackson, Robert (2011). 3934:. London: Putnam, 1968. 3371:Retrieved: 11 June 2012. 3285:, Retrieved: 8 May 2013. 2284:ASV search/attack radar 2231:, as well as either the 1437:A SAAF Buccaneer in 1970 1267:, United States, in 1981 1217:-class aircraft carriers 609:1957 Defence White Paper 323:South African Border War 279:(RAF) requirement for a 6453:Hawker Siddeley Andover 6051:Hawker Siddeley Harrier 5964:de Havilland Sea Hornet 4177:The Blackburn Buccaneer 3986:, 2005. ISSN 1361-4231. 3322:"Simonstown Agreement." 3278:16 October 2012 at the 3038:14 January 1971, p. 56. 2979:14 January 1971, p. 58. 2835:Winchester 2006, p. 31. 2617:Laming 1996, pp. 11–12. 2584:Spokane Daily Chronicle 2550:11 January 1962, p. 38. 2473:Chesneau 2005, pp. 6–8. 2430:Chesneau 2005, pp. 5–6. 2367:List of attack aircraft 2101:Rolls-Royce Spey Mk.101 2048:General characteristics 1925:in 1967–68, and on HMS 1850:Royal Air Force Germany 1754:South African Air Force 1710:Preserved S.2B in 1991 1499:South Africa Border War 1492:highly enriched uranium 1429:South African Air Force 1325:terrain-following radar 1141:invasion in pursuit of 620:General Dynamics F-111K 592:Operational Requirement 541:Bristol Siddeley BS.605 533:South African Air Force 527:South African Air Force 405:Naval Staff Requirement 315:South African Air Force 292:General Dynamics F-111K 176:31 March 1994 161:30 April 1958 120:South African Air Force 6635:Carrier-based aircraft 6325:Hawker Siddeley P.1127 6194:Handley Page Jetstream 6141:Hawker Siddeley Nimrod 5979:de Havilland Sea Vixen 5974:de Havilland Sea Venom 4206:"Flying the Buccaneer" 3882:Gunston, Bill (1974). 3612:6 January 2009 at the 3407:Laming 1998, pp. 84–85 3216:April 2012, pp. 81–82. 3076:, 17 July 1962: 6 via 2768:Eeles 2008, pp. 41-42. 2729:Hampshire 2013, p. 60. 2608:Van Pelt 2012, p. 180. 2571:Eeles 2008, pp. 61-64. 2239:tactical nuclear bombs 2069:44 ft (13 m) 1986: 1964:Hawker Hunter Aviation 1918:809 Naval Air Squadron 1912:803 Naval Air Squadron 1890:801 Naval Air Squadron 1880:800 Naval Air Squadron 1873:736 Naval Air Squadron 1734: 1722: 1703: 1604:Holme-on-Spalding Moor 1583: 1571: 1446: 1438: 1401: 1347: 1334:RAF Buccaneer S.2B of 1311:military exercises at 1268: 1121:809 Naval Air Squadron 1117:environmental disaster 1094: 1053: 941: 936:Close-up of the split 928:Fuselage and structure 882:boundary layer control 877: 852:Boundary layer control 802: 793:Armament and equipment 750: 706:Hawker Siddeley P.1154 631:air-to-surface missile 580: 561:voluntary arms embargo 521:736 Naval Air Squadron 362: 347: 146:17 July 1962 6501:AgustaWestland Merlin 6496:AgustaWestland Apache 6448:Handley Page Hastings 3699:Chesneau 2005, p. 13. 3674:2 August 2009 at the 3651:2 August 2009 at the 3452:Chesneau 2005, p. 18. 3434:Chesneau 2005, p. 14. 3398:Scholtz 2013, p. 330. 3203:Chesneau 2005, p. 21. 3120:Chesneau 2005, p. 12. 3098:Chesneau 2005, p. 24. 3063:Chesneau 2005, p. 22. 3004:Gunston 1962, p. 468. 2878:Gunston 1962, p. 478. 2809:Gunston 1962, p. 479. 2800:Gunston 1962, p. 477. 2705:Chesneau 2005, p. 16. 2687:Boot 1990, pp. 64–65. 2678:Volume 14, pp. 59–60. 2599:Volume 14, pp. 51–53. 2538:Volume 14, pp. 49–50. 2461:Jackson 1968, p. 481. 2452:Jackson 1968, p. 480. 2412:Jackson 2011, p. 137. 2392:"Blackburn Buccaneer" 1984: 1821:re-equipped from the 1728: 1709: 1698: 1577: 1569: 1459:Simonstown naval base 1444: 1436: 1399: 1333: 1313:Nellis Air Force Base 1258: 1156:, Buccaneer, and the 1084: 1033:) and two Royal Navy 1028: 935: 894:horizontal stabiliser 876:airflow over the wing 870:horizontal stabiliser 859: 841:anti-aircraft missile 800: 748: 691:Proposed developments 670:AN/AVQ-23E Pave Spike 574: 431:issued specification 353: 341: 219:Hawker Siddeley Group 6589:Slingsby Grasshopper 6179:Boulton Paul Balliol 5999:Supermarine Scimitar 5994:Supermarine Attacker 5900:de Havilland Vampire 4143:Flight International 4005:Laming, Tim (1998). 3979:Jefford, C.G (ed.). 3870:Flight International 3757:Flight International 3633:Flight International 3312:Jefford 2001, p. 72. 3089:Chesneau 2005, p. 9. 3036:Flight International 2977:Flight International 2947:Flight International 2921:Harding 2004, p. 85. 2912:Gunston 1962, p.469. 2844:Polmar 2006, p. 186. 2782:Polmar 2006, p. 184. 2750:Gunston 1974, p. 33. 2718:Flight International 2663:Flight International 2548:Flight International 2350:Grumman A-6 Intruder 2253:AN/AVQ-23 Pave Spike 1840:No. 216 Squadron RAF 1833:No. 208 Squadron RAF 1699:Retired S.50 at the 1672:Bristol Siddeley 605 1646:weapons trials work. 1544:Grumman A-6 Intruder 1455:Simonstown Agreement 1060:was commissioned at 956:while travelling at 681:No. 208 Squadron RAF 489:Supermarine Scimitar 6400:Supermarine Seagull 6350:Saunders-Roe SR.A/1 6310:Handley Page HP.115 6260:Blackburn Firecrest 6102:Handley Page Victor 6056:Panavia Tornado IDS 6041:Eurofighter Typhoon 6031:Blackburn Buccaneer 5935:Panavia Tornado ADV 5915:Eurofighter Typhoon 5895:de Havilland Hornet 5560:F.20/27 Interceptor 4569:Maritime patrol/ASW 4171:Blackburn Buccaneer 4152:London: HMO, 1997. 3900:Hampshire, Edward. 3809:Eeles, Tom (2008). 3690:Green 1968, p. 136. 3635:, 17 December 2007. 3577:Calvert and Donald 3564:Calvert and Donald 3548:Calvert and Donald 3532:Calvert and Donald 3519:Calvert and Donald 3506:Calvert and Donald 3490:Calvert and Donald 3474:Calvert and Donald 3461:Calvert and Donald 3341:Caygill 2008, p.70. 3243:Calvert and Donald 3129:White 2009, p. 242. 3107:Calvert and Donald 3047:Laming 1996, p. 11. 2887:Calvert and Donald 2674:Calvert and Donald 2595:Calvert and Donald 2534:Calvert and Donald 2500:Calvert and Donald 2491:Green 1964, p. 430. 2294:Blackburn Buccaneer 1819:No. 16 Squadron RAF 1809:No. 15 Squadron RAF 1795:No. 12 Squadron RAF 1644:Ministry of Defence 1634:Variant of S.2 for 1336:No. 12 Squadron RAF 1292:), all assigned to 1261:No. 12 Squadron RAF 1074:on the undersides. 1016:Operational history 730:Ministry of Defence 575:Buccaneer S.2 with 191:Blackburn Buccaneer 55:General information 6620:Blackburn aircraft 6561:Westland Whirlwind 6526:Westland Dragonfly 6443:Blackburn Beverley 6355:Saunders-Roe SR.53 6305:Handley Page HP.88 6270:Boulton Paul P.120 6265:Boulton Paul P.111 5905:de Havilland Venom 5530:Australian Fighter 4092:Van Pelt, Michel. 4062:on 17 October 2014 3915:Harding, Richard. 3591:"BAe 2 Buccaneer." 3523:Volume 14, p. 101. 3510:Volume 14, p. 100. 3416:Laming 1998, p. 84 3327:, 8 February 1967. 3189:Laming 1996, p.12. 3026:March 1995, p. 26. 3013:Boot 1990, p. 181. 2652:March 1995, p. 29. 2626:Wynn 1997, p. 503. 2443:April 2012, p. 72. 2249:ECM protection pod 2229:laser-guided bombs 2200:68-mm rockets each 1987: 1948:Surviving aircraft 1735: 1729:Buccaneer S.2B in 1723: 1704: 1584: 1572: 1519:Battle of Cassinga 1447: 1439: 1415:laser-guided bombs 1402: 1376:Operation Pulsator 1348: 1269: 1259:Buccaneer S.2B of 1095: 1054: 979:variable incidence 942: 878: 837:anti-ship missions 825:electronic warfare 803: 751: 581: 506:, fitted with the 459:on 30 April 1958. 429:Ministry of Supply 390:pocket battleships 363: 348: 249:anti-ship missiles 207:Blackburn Aircraft 6645:Mid-wing aircraft 6607: 6606: 6599:Slingsby Sedbergh 6546:Westland Sea King 6521:Westland Commando 6506:Bristol Belvedere 6458:Percival Pembroke 5940:Supermarine Swift 5875:Military aircraft 5841: 5840: 4802:By project number 4756: 4755: 4558:C.A.15C Monoplane 4117:978-0-59305-451-2 4087:978-1-920169-00-8 4075:Steenkamp, Willem 3957:978-1-907446-02-3 3886:. Ian Allan Ltd. 3847:Aircraft Handbook 3839:Air International 3820:978-1-84415-688-7 3783:. ISSN 1361-2034. 3730:Aeroplane Monthly 3581:Volume 14, p. 97. 3568:Volume 14, p. 96. 3552:Volume 14, p. 95. 3536:Volume 14, p. 94. 3494:Volume 14, p. 99. 3478:Volume 14, p. 98. 3465:Volume 14, p.103. 3247:Volume 14, p. 84. 3111:Volume 14, p. 62. 3024:Aeroplane Monthly 2891:Volume 14, p. 14. 2759:Boot 1990, p. 85. 2650:Aeroplane Monthly 2504:Volume 14, p. 48. 2216:Sea Eagle missile 2208:AIM-9 Sidewinders 2032: 2031: 1966:. It was granted 1511:close air support 969:of two aircraft. 846:Sea Eagle missile 779:hydraulic systems 685:Sea Eagle missile 563:on that country. 493:aerial refuelling 187: 186: 143:Introduction date 16:(Redirected from 6662: 6594:Slingsby Prefect 6531:Westland Gazelle 6511:Bristol Sycamore 6280:Cierva Air Horse 6204:Percival Provost 6069: 6066:Westland Wyvern 6021:BAC Strikemaster 5879:Second World War 5868: 5861: 5854: 5845: 5844: 4783: 4776: 4769: 4760: 4759: 4250: 4243: 4236: 4227: 4226: 4148:Wynn, Humphrey. 4139:"RAF Buccaneers" 4137:Wynn, Humphrey. 4107:White, Rowland. 4071: 4069: 4067: 4058:. Archived from 4040:Scholtz, Leopold 4023:Polmar, Norman. 4020: 3961: 3897: 3878: 3877:on 6 March 2016. 3863:(4 April 1963). 3852:Green, William. 3845:Green, William. 3824: 3700: 3697: 3691: 3688: 3682: 3665: 3659: 3642: 3636: 3626: 3620: 3603: 3597: 3588: 3582: 3575: 3569: 3562: 3553: 3546: 3537: 3530: 3524: 3517: 3511: 3504: 3495: 3488: 3479: 3472: 3466: 3459: 3453: 3450: 3444: 3441: 3435: 3432: 3426: 3423: 3417: 3414: 3408: 3405: 3399: 3396: 3390: 3387: 3381: 3378: 3372: 3363: 3357: 3348: 3342: 3339: 3328: 3319: 3313: 3310: 3304: 3301: 3295: 3292: 3286: 3269: 3248: 3241: 3235: 3232: 3226: 3223: 3217: 3210: 3204: 3201: 3190: 3187: 3176: 3166: 3160: 3157: 3151: 3148: 3142: 3139: 3130: 3127: 3121: 3118: 3112: 3105: 3099: 3096: 3090: 3087: 3081: 3070: 3064: 3061: 3048: 3045: 3039: 3033: 3027: 3020: 3014: 3011: 3005: 3002: 2989: 2986: 2980: 2974: 2968: 2967: 2965: 2963: 2937: 2931: 2928: 2922: 2919: 2913: 2910: 2901: 2898: 2892: 2885: 2879: 2876: 2870: 2869: 2863: 2861: 2851: 2845: 2842: 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Sidewinder 660:dispensers, and 508:Rolls-Royce Spey 367:Second World War 344:anti-flash white 261:Rolls-Royce Spey 228:introducing the 183: 181: 168: 166: 153: 151: 44: 32: 31: 21: 6670: 6669: 6665: 6664: 6663: 6661: 6660: 6659: 6650:T-tail aircraft 6610: 6609: 6608: 6603: 6565: 6556:Westland Wessex 6482: 6478:Vickers Valetta 6409: 6395:Supermarine 545 6390:Supermarine 508 6230: 6224: 6220:Vickers Varsity 6209:Percival Prince 6169:BAC Jet Provost 6145: 6126:Avro Shackleton 6117:Maritime patrol 6111: 6107:Vickers Valiant 6073: 6067: 6036:Bristol Brigand 6003: 5989:Hawker Sea Hawk 5984:Hawker Sea Fury 5959:BAE Sea Harrier 5944: 5920:Gloster Javelin 5881: 5872: 5842: 5837: 5715:Hawker Siddeley 5709: 5513: 4797: 4794:Hawker Siddeley 4787: 4757: 4752: 4624:Torpedo bombers 4553:C.A.15C Biplane 4433: 4266: 4260: 4254: 4167: 4065: 4063: 4056: 4017: 3958: 3894: 3821: 3709: 3704: 3703: 3698: 3694: 3689: 3685: 3676:Wayback Machine 3666: 3662: 3653:Wayback Machine 3643: 3639: 3628:Scott, Richard 3627: 3623: 3614:Wayback Machine 3604: 3600: 3589: 3585: 3576: 3572: 3563: 3556: 3547: 3540: 3531: 3527: 3518: 3514: 3505: 3498: 3489: 3482: 3473: 3469: 3460: 3456: 3451: 3447: 3442: 3438: 3433: 3429: 3424: 3420: 3415: 3411: 3406: 3402: 3397: 3393: 3388: 3384: 3379: 3375: 3364: 3360: 3349: 3345: 3340: 3331: 3320: 3316: 3311: 3307: 3302: 3298: 3293: 3289: 3283:Royal Air Force 3280:Wayback Machine 3270: 3251: 3242: 3238: 3233: 3229: 3224: 3220: 3211: 3207: 3202: 3193: 3188: 3179: 3167: 3163: 3158: 3154: 3149: 3145: 3140: 3133: 3128: 3124: 3119: 3115: 3106: 3102: 3097: 3093: 3088: 3084: 3071: 3067: 3062: 3051: 3046: 3042: 3034: 3030: 3021: 3017: 3012: 3008: 3003: 2992: 2987: 2983: 2975: 2971: 2961: 2959: 2938: 2934: 2929: 2925: 2920: 2916: 2911: 2904: 2899: 2895: 2886: 2882: 2877: 2873: 2859: 2857: 2853: 2852: 2848: 2843: 2839: 2834: 2827: 2818: 2817: 2813: 2808: 2804: 2799: 2795: 2790: 2786: 2781: 2772: 2767: 2763: 2758: 2754: 2749: 2742: 2737: 2733: 2728: 2724: 2713: 2709: 2704: 2691: 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529: 437:Barry P. Laight 336: 331: 311:Panavia Tornado 277:Royal Air Force 245:nuclear weapons 199:attack aircraft 179: 177: 164: 162: 149: 147: 125: 124: 115:Royal Air Force 99: 95:Hawker Siddeley 73:National origin 67:strike aircraft 50: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6668: 6658: 6657: 6652: 6647: 6642: 6637: 6632: 6627: 6622: 6605: 6604: 6602: 6601: 6596: 6591: 6586: 6584:Slingsby Cadet 6581: 6575: 6573: 6567: 6566: 6564: 6563: 6558: 6553: 6548: 6543: 6541:Westland Scout 6538: 6533: 6528: 6523: 6518: 6513: 6508: 6503: 6498: 6492: 6490: 6484: 6483: 6481: 6480: 6475: 6470: 6465: 6460: 6455: 6450: 6445: 6440: 6435: 6430: 6425: 6419: 6417: 6411: 6410: 6408: 6407: 6402: 6397: 6392: 6387: 6382: 6377: 6372: 6367: 6362: 6357: 6352: 6347: 6342: 6337: 6332: 6327: 6322: 6317: 6312: 6307: 6302: 6297: 6292: 6290:Fairey Delta 2 6287: 6285:Fairey Delta 1 6282: 6277: 6272: 6267: 6262: 6257: 6252: 6247: 6242: 6236: 6234: 6226: 6225: 6223: 6222: 6217: 6212: 6206: 6201: 6196: 6191: 6186: 6181: 6176: 6171: 6166: 6161: 6155: 6153: 6147: 6146: 6144: 6143: 6138: 6133: 6131:Fairey Firefly 6128: 6122: 6120: 6113: 6112: 6110: 6109: 6104: 6099: 6094: 6089: 6083: 6081: 6075: 6074: 6072: 6071: 6063: 6061:SEPECAT Jaguar 6058: 6053: 6048: 6043: 6038: 6033: 6028: 6026:BAE Harrier II 6023: 6017: 6015: 6005: 6004: 6002: 6001: 5996: 5991: 5986: 5981: 5976: 5971: 5966: 5961: 5955: 5953: 5946: 5945: 5943: 5942: 5937: 5932: 5927: 5925:Gloster Meteor 5922: 5917: 5912: 5907: 5902: 5897: 5891: 5889: 5883: 5882: 5871: 5870: 5863: 5856: 5848: 5839: 5838: 5836: 5835: 5830: 5825: 5823:P.1127 Kestrel 5820: 5815: 5810: 5805: 5800: 5795: 5790: 5785: 5780: 5775: 5770: 5765: 5760: 5755: 5750: 5745: 5740: 5730: 5725: 5719: 5717: 5711: 5710: 5708: 5707: 5702: 5697: 5692: 5687: 5682: 5677: 5672: 5667: 5662: 5657: 5647: 5637: 5632: 5627: 5622: 5617: 5612: 5607: 5602: 5597: 5592: 5587: 5582: 5577: 5572: 5567: 5562: 5557: 5552: 5547: 5542: 5537: 5532: 5527: 5521: 5519: 5515: 5514: 5512: 5511: 5506: 5501: 5496: 5491: 5486: 5481: 5476: 5471: 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155: 154: 144: 140: 139: 135: 134: 131: 127: 126: 123: 122: 117: 111: 110: 105: 101: 100: 98: 97: 92: 86: 84: 78: 77: 76:United Kingdom 74: 70: 69: 61: 57: 56: 52: 51: 48:Faro, Portugal 45: 37: 36: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6667: 6656: 6653: 6651: 6648: 6646: 6643: 6641: 6640:Air refueling 6638: 6636: 6633: 6631: 6628: 6626: 6623: 6621: 6618: 6617: 6615: 6600: 6597: 6595: 6592: 6590: 6587: 6585: 6582: 6580: 6577: 6576: 6574: 6572: 6568: 6562: 6559: 6557: 6554: 6552: 6551:Westland Wasp 6549: 6547: 6544: 6542: 6539: 6537: 6536:Westland Lynx 6534: 6532: 6529: 6527: 6524: 6522: 6519: 6517: 6514: 6512: 6509: 6507: 6504: 6502: 6499: 6497: 6494: 6493: 6491: 6489: 6485: 6479: 6476: 6474: 6473:Short Belfast 6471: 6469: 6466: 6464: 6461: 6459: 6456: 6454: 6451: 6449: 6446: 6444: 6441: 6439: 6438:Beagle Basset 6436: 6434: 6431: 6429: 6426: 6424: 6421: 6420: 6418: 6416: 6412: 6406: 6403: 6401: 6398: 6396: 6393: 6391: 6388: 6386: 6385:Slingsby T.53 6383: 6381: 6380:Short Sperrin 6378: 6376: 6373: 6371: 6368: 6366: 6363: 6361: 6358: 6356: 6353: 6351: 6348: 6346: 6343: 6341: 6338: 6336: 6335:Hunting H.126 6333: 6331: 6328: 6326: 6323: 6321: 6320:Hawker P.1072 6318: 6316: 6315:Hawker P.1052 6313: 6311: 6308: 6306: 6303: 6301: 6300:Folland Midge 6298: 6296: 6293: 6291: 6288: 6286: 6283: 6281: 6278: 6276: 6273: 6271: 6268: 6266: 6263: 6261: 6258: 6256: 6253: 6251: 6248: 6246: 6243: 6241: 6238: 6237: 6235: 6233: 6229:Prototype and 6227: 6221: 6218: 6216: 6213: 6210: 6207: 6205: 6202: 6200: 6197: 6195: 6192: 6190: 6187: 6185: 6182: 6180: 6177: 6175: 6172: 6170: 6167: 6165: 6162: 6160: 6157: 6156: 6154: 6152: 6148: 6142: 6139: 6137: 6136:Fairey Gannet 6134: 6132: 6129: 6127: 6124: 6123: 6121: 6118: 6114: 6108: 6105: 6103: 6100: 6098: 6095: 6093: 6090: 6088: 6085: 6084: 6082: 6080: 6076: 6070: 6064: 6062: 6059: 6057: 6054: 6052: 6049: 6047: 6046:Hawker Hunter 6044: 6042: 6039: 6037: 6034: 6032: 6029: 6027: 6024: 6022: 6019: 6018: 6016: 6014: 6013:ground attack 6010: 6006: 6000: 5997: 5995: 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3822: 3816: 3812: 3807: 3804: 3803:0-94695-840-8 3800: 3796: 3793: 3792:1-84415-669-9 3789: 3785: 3782: 3781:1-86184-029-2 3778: 3774: 3773:Wings of Fame 3770: 3767: 3766: 3761: 3758: 3754: 3750: 3747: 3746:1-85310-093-5 3743: 3739: 3735: 3732: 3731: 3726: 3723: 3722:0-76032-005-5 3719: 3715: 3711: 3710: 3696: 3687: 3680: 3677: 3673: 3670: 3667:White, Andy. 3664: 3657: 3654: 3650: 3647: 3644:White, Andy. 3641: 3634: 3631: 3625: 3618: 3615: 3611: 3608: 3605:White, Andy. 3602: 3595: 3592: 3587: 3580: 3579:Wings of Fame 3574: 3567: 3566:Wings of Fame 3561: 3559: 3551: 3550:Wings of Fame 3545: 3543: 3535: 3534:Wings of Fame 3529: 3522: 3521:Wings of Fame 3516: 3509: 3508:Wings of Fame 3503: 3501: 3493: 3492:Wings of Fame 3487: 3485: 3477: 3476:Wings of Fame 3471: 3464: 3463:Wings of Fame 3458: 3449: 3440: 3431: 3422: 3413: 3404: 3395: 3386: 3377: 3370: 3367: 3362: 3355: 3352: 3347: 3338: 3336: 3334: 3326: 3323: 3318: 3309: 3300: 3291: 3284: 3281: 3277: 3274: 3268: 3266: 3264: 3262: 3260: 3258: 3256: 3254: 3246: 3245:Wings of Fame 3240: 3231: 3222: 3215: 3209: 3200: 3198: 3196: 3186: 3184: 3182: 3174: 3171: 3168:Ford, Terry. 3165: 3156: 3147: 3138: 3136: 3126: 3117: 3110: 3109:Wings of Fame 3104: 3095: 3086: 3080:, 3 May 2013. 3079: 3075: 3069: 3060: 3058: 3056: 3054: 3044: 3037: 3032: 3025: 3019: 3010: 3001: 2999: 2997: 2995: 2985: 2978: 2973: 2957: 2956:Flight Global 2953: 2949: 2948: 2943: 2936: 2927: 2918: 2909: 2907: 2897: 2890: 2889:Wings of Fame 2884: 2875: 2868: 2856: 2850: 2841: 2832: 2830: 2821: 2815: 2806: 2797: 2788: 2779: 2777: 2775: 2765: 2756: 2747: 2745: 2735: 2726: 2719: 2716: 2711: 2702: 2700: 2698: 2696: 2694: 2684: 2677: 2676:Wings of Fame 2671: 2664: 2658: 2651: 2645: 2638: 2632: 2623: 2614: 2605: 2598: 2597:Wings of Fame 2592: 2585: 2582: 2577: 2568: 2559: 2557: 2549: 2544: 2537: 2536:Wings of Fame 2531: 2522: 2520: 2510: 2503: 2502:Wings of Fame 2497: 2488: 2479: 2470: 2468: 2458: 2449: 2442: 2436: 2427: 2418: 2409: 2394:. BAE Systems 2393: 2387: 2383: 2368: 2365: 2363: 2360: 2359: 2358: 2357: 2356:Related lists 2351: 2348: 2346: 2343: 2341: 2338: 2337: 2336: 2335: 2328: 2317: 2314: 2303: 2295: 2285: 2283: 2278: 2268: 2265: 2261: 2257: 2254: 2250: 2247: 2244: 2241: 2238: 2234: 2230: 2226: 2222: 2219: 2217: 2213: 2209: 2205: 2202: 2199: 2195: 2192: 2191: 2189: 2185: 2181: 2177: 2173: 2169: 2166: 2165: 2164: 2161: 2153: 2151: 2150:Thrust/weight 2147: 2144: 2143:Wing loading: 2141: 2138: 2135: 2132: 2129: 2126: 2123: 2120: 2117: 2116: 2115: 2113: 2105: 2102: 2098: 2095: 2092: 2091:Gross weight: 2089: 2086: 2085:Empty weight: 2083: 2080: 2077: 2074: 2071: 2068: 2065: 2062: 2059: 2056: 2053: 2052: 2051: 2049: 2044: 2043: 2039: 2036: 2028: 2019: 2016: 2007: 2004: 1995: 1990: 1983: 1974: 1971: 1969: 1965: 1961: 1955: 1945: 1943: 1928: 1924: 1919: 1916: 1913: 1910: 1907: 1903: 1899: 1895: 1891: 1888: 1885: 1881: 1878: 1874: 1871: 1868: 1865: 1864: 1862: 1861:Fleet Air Arm 1859: 1856: 1851: 1847: 1844: 1841: 1838: 1834: 1831: 1828: 1824: 1820: 1817: 1814: 1813:RAF Laarbruch 1810: 1807: 1804: 1800: 1799:RAF Honington 1796: 1793: 1792: 1790: 1787: 1786: 1783: 1772: 1771: 1765: 1761: 1758: 1757: 1755: 1752: 1751: 1748: 1737: 1736: 1732: 1727: 1721: 1717: 1713: 1708: 1702: 1697: 1685: 1681: 1677: 1674:single-stage 1673: 1669: 1666: 1665: 1661: 1658: 1657: 1653: 1650: 1649: 1645: 1641: 1637: 1636:RAF squadrons 1633: 1630: 1629: 1625: 1622: 1621: 1617: 1613: 1611:Buccaneer S.2 1610: 1609: 1605: 1601: 1597: 1595:Buccaneer S.1 1594: 1593: 1589: 1586: 1585: 1581: 1576: 1568: 1559: 1557: 1553: 1549: 1545: 1541: 1531: 1529: 1525: 1520: 1516: 1512: 1508: 1504: 1500: 1495: 1493: 1489: 1485: 1481: 1477: 1476: 1471: 1466: 1464: 1463:Harold Wilson 1460: 1456: 1451: 1443: 1435: 1426: 1423: 1418: 1416: 1412: 1408: 1398: 1394: 1392: 1388: 1383: 1381: 1377: 1374:as a part of 1373: 1369: 1364: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1353:metal fatigue 1345: 1341: 1337: 1332: 1328: 1326: 1322: 1318: 1314: 1310: 1305: 1303: 1299: 1295: 1291: 1285: 1283: 1279: 1275: 1266: 1262: 1257: 1253: 1251: 1247: 1243: 1242:RAF Laarbruch 1239: 1235: 1234:RAF Honington 1231: 1220: 1218: 1216: 1211: 1207: 1202: 1198: 1193: 1191: 1190: 1185: 1181: 1180: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1158:Fairey Gannet 1155: 1151: 1146: 1144: 1140: 1136: 1132: 1128: 1127: 1122: 1118: 1114: 1110: 1109: 1108:Torrey Canyon 1105: 1101: 1092: 1088: 1083: 1079: 1075: 1073: 1068: 1063: 1059: 1051: 1047: 1046: 1040: 1036: 1035:Phantom FG.1s 1032: 1027: 1021:Fleet Air Arm 1013: 1011: 1007: 1003: 1002:trailing edge 999: 995: 991: 986: 983: 980: 975: 970: 967: 966:metal fatigue 963: 959: 955: 951: 947: 939: 934: 925: 923: 918: 913: 910: 905: 903: 899: 895: 891: 890:wing surfaces 887: 883: 875: 871: 867: 863: 862:leading edges 858: 849: 847: 842: 838: 833: 831: 826: 822: 816: 813: 809: 799: 790: 788: 784: 783:stabilisation 780: 776: 772: 768: 763: 760: 759: 747: 733: 731: 727: 722: 718: 714: 713:Buccaneer 2** 710: 707: 703: 699: 688: 686: 682: 678: 674: 671: 667: 663: 659: 655: 651: 647: 643: 639: 634: 632: 629: 625: 621: 616: 614: 610: 605: 601: 597: 593: 590: 586: 578: 577:wings folding 573: 564: 562: 557: 554: 550: 549:undercarriage 546: 542: 538: 534: 524: 522: 517: 513: 509: 505: 504:Buccaneer S.2 500: 498: 494: 490: 485: 481: 478:(32,000 477: 473: 469: 468:Fleet Air Arm 465: 464:Buccaneer S.1 460: 458: 454: 453:maiden flight 450: 446: 442: 441:Project B-103 438: 434: 430: 426: 422: 417: 416:combat radius 413: 409: 406: 401: 399: 395: 391: 387: 383: 381: 376: 372: 368: 360: 359: 352: 345: 340: 326: 324: 320: 316: 312: 308: 304: 303:metal fatigue 300: 295: 293: 289: 285: 282: 278: 274: 273:Fairey Gannet 270: 266: 262: 256: 254: 253:maiden flight 250: 246: 242: 241:radar horizon 238: 234: 232: 227: 222: 220: 216: 212: 208: 204: 200: 196: 193:is a British 192: 175: 171: 160: 156: 145: 141: 136: 132: 128: 121: 118: 116: 113: 112: 109: 106: 104:Primary users 102: 96: 93: 91: 88: 87: 85: 83: 79: 75: 71: 68: 65: 62: 58: 53: 49: 43: 38: 33: 30: 19: 6516:Saro Skeeter 6433:Auster AOP.9 6428:Auster AOP.6 6360:Short Seamew 6232:experimental 6215:Short Tucano 6189:Folland Gnat 6087:Avro Lincoln 6030: 6011: / 5727: 4737: 4458:White Falcon 4428: 4413: 4267:designations 4265:Manufacturer 4209: 4201:Bill Gunston 4196: 4149: 4142: 4123: 4108: 4093: 4078: 4064:. 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After 1712:Gulf War 1684:Pretoria 1562:Variants 1422:Cold War 1391:altitude 1387:Gulf War 1344:Portugal 1309:Red Flag 1113:Cornwall 1006:ailerons 972:A large 946:fuselage 922:airfield 898:trimming 812:bomb bay 741:Overview 675:pod for 516:nacelles 512:turbofan 484:take off 398:Sverdlov 380:Sverdlov 319:Gulf War 307:Cold War 231:Sverdlov 64:Maritime 6571:Gliders 6255:BAe EAP 6079:Bombers 6068:(naval) 5808:Trident 5733:Harrier 5723:Andover 5700:Typhoon 5695:Tornado 5685:Tempest 5660:Kestrel 5635:Hotspur 5630:Horsley 5575:Harrier 5545:Dantorp 5518:By name 4718:Lincock 4698:Turcock 4514:Bombers 4503:Mercury 4489:Trainer 4468:Sidecar 4463:Segrave 4438:By role 4212:article 4208:a 1962 4195:a 1958 3596:, 2010. 3325:Hansard 2958:: 56–59 2073:Height: 2061:Length: 1756:(SAAF) 1720:England 1540:US Navy 1503:Namibia 1372:Lebanon 1168:, 801, 1154:Phantom 1058:801 NAS 1041:) from 1039:892 NAS 1031:809 NAS 886:engines 808:kiloton 775:busbars 771:ram air 652:GR.3), 269:Phantom 195:carrier 178: ( 173:Retired 163: ( 148: ( 138:History 6009:Strike 5833:P.1202 5828:P.1154 5818:P.1017 5813:P.139B 5798:Nimrod 5793:HS.803 5788:HS.748 5783:HS.681 5778:HS.146 5773:HS.145 5768:HS.141 5763:HS.140 5758:HS.138 5753:HS.133 5748:HS.125 5690:Tomtit 5670:Osprey 5665:Nimrod 5640:Hunter 5625:Hornet 5615:Hoopoe 5600:Henley 5590:Hector 5555:Duiker 5535:Cygnet 5494:P.1217 5489:P.1202 5484:P.1155 5479:P.1154 5474:P.1152 5469:P.1150 5464:P.1149 5459:P.1143 5454:P.1141 5449:P.1140 5444:P.1139 5439:P.1137 5434:P.1136 5429:P.1134 5424:P.1132 5419:P.1131 5414:P.1130 5409:P.1129 5404:P.1128 5399:P.1127 5394:P.1126 5389:P.1125 5384:P.1124 5379:P.1123 5374:P.1122 5369:P.1121 5364:P.1120 5359:P.1118 5354:P.1116 5349:P.1115 5344:P.1114 5339:P.1109 5334:P.1108 5329:P.1107 5324:P.1106 5319:P.1105 5314:P.1104 5309:P.1103 5304:P.1102 5299:P.1101 5294:P.1100 5289:P.1099 5284:P.1098 5279:P.1097 5274:P.1096 5269:P.1095 5264:P.1094 5259:P.1093 5254:P.1092 5249:P.1091 5244:P.1090 5239:P.1089 5234:P.1088 5229:P.1087 5224:P.1085 5219:P.1084 5214:P.1083 5209:P.1082 5204:P.1081 5199:P.1080 5194:P.1079 5189:P.1078 5184:P.1077 5179:P.1076 5174:P.1075 5169:P.1074 5164:P.1073 5159:P.1072 5154:P.1071 5149:P.1070 5144:P.1069 5139:P.1068 5134:P.1067 5129:P.1065 5124:P.1064 5119:P.1063 5114:P.1062 5109:P.1061 5104:P.1060 5099:P.1059 5094:P.1058 5089:P.1057 5084:P.1056 5079:P.1055 5074:P.1054 5069:P.1053 5064:P.1052 5059:P.1051 5054:P.1050 5049:P.1049 5044:P.1048 5039:P.1047 5034:P.1046 5029:P.1045 5024:P.1044 5019:P.1043 5014:P.1042 5009:P.1041 5004:P.1040 4999:P.1039 4994:P.1038 4989:P.1037 4984:P.1036 4979:P.1035 4974:P.1034 4969:P.1033 4964:P.1032 4959:P.1031 4954:P.1030 4949:P.1029 4944:P.1028 4939:P.1027 4934:P.1025 4929:P.1024 4924:P.1023 4919:P.1022 4914:P.1021 4909:P.1020 4904:P.1019 4899:P.1018 4894:P.1017 4889:P.1016 4884:P.1015 4879:P.1014 4874:P.1013 4869:P.1012 4864:P.1011 4859:P.1010 4854:P.1009 4849:P.1008 4844:P.1007 4839:P.1006 4834:P.1005 4829:P.1004 4824:P.1003 4819:P.1002 4814:P.1001 4809:P.1000 4790:Hawker 4748:Pellet 4744:Racers 4603:Sydney 4533:Beagle 4528:Baffin 4478:Type I 4473:Type D 4210:Flight 4197:Flight 4156: 4130: 4115: 4100: 4085: 4052: 4031: 4013: 3997: 3972: 3954: 3938: 3923: 3908: 3890: 3817: 3801: 3790: 3779: 3744: 3720: 2243:Other: 2237:WE.177 2221:Bombs: 2131:Range: 1968:UK CAA 1923:Hermes 1906:Hermes 1863:(FAA) 1791:(RAF) 1779: 1744: 1640:Martel 1546:. The 1534:Others 1480:Angola 1380:Beirut 1368:Cyprus 1206:V/STOL 1189:Hermes 1186:, and 1182:, HMS 1135:Belize 1067:WE.177 874:Coandă 868:, and 767:oxygen 736:Design 726:CVA-01 628:Martel 433:M.148T 369:, the 313:. The 211:Brough 5950:Naval 5605:Heron 5570:Hardy 5550:Demon 5525:Audax 5509:P.V.4 5504:P.V.3 4598:Perth 4583:Botha 4518:Velos 4508:Sprat 4429:B-108 4424:B-107 4419:B-104 4414:B-103 4409:B-102 4404:B-101 4399:B-100 3074:Times 3022:Boot 2661:Wynn 2648:Boot 2262:pack 2258:pod, 2055:Crew: 1960:XX885 1884:Eagle 1580:Eagle 1507:SWAPO 1475:Wafra 1470:AS-30 1179:Eagle 1133:(now 1093:1971. 1091:circa 1087:Eagle 917:pilot 909:flaps 902:slats 866:flaps 658:flare 654:chaff 553:AS-30 455:from 408:NA.39 358:Eagle 233:class 5743:Hawk 5610:Hind 5580:Hart 5565:Fury 4792:and 4713:Skua 4618:B-88 4613:B-54 4608:B-20 4593:Iris 4394:B-95 4389:B-94 4384:B-90 4379:B-89 4374:B-88 4369:B-67 4364:B-54 4359:B-48 4354:B-46 4349:B-45 4344:B-44 4339:B-40 4334:B-37 4329:B-29 4324:B-26 4319:B-25 4314:B-24 4309:B-20 4154:ISBN 4128:ISBN 4113:ISBN 4098:ISBN 4083:ISBN 4068:2014 4050:ISBN 4029:ISBN 4011:ISBN 3995:ISBN 3970:ISBN 3952:ISBN 3936:ISBN 3921:ISBN 3906:ISBN 3888:ISBN 3815:ISBN 3799:ISBN 3788:ISBN 3777:ISBN 3742:ISBN 3718:ISBN 2964:2016 2862:2019 2400:2023 2198:SNEB 2154:0.36 2099:2 × 1876:OCU. 1676:RATO 1484:SNEB 1411:Iraq 1274:S.2A 994:lift 944:The 892:and 785:and 709:VTOL 656:and 642:S.2C 638:S.2D 624:S.2B 604:STOL 449:BANA 189:The 60:Type 4723:Roc 4708:F.3 4658:T.7 4538:B-7 4523:B-3 4498:B-2 4304:B-9 4299:B-7 4294:B-6 4289:B-5 4284:B-3 4279:B-2 4274:B-1 2867:Pod 2235:or 1682:in 1338:at 1263:at 1232:at 1170:803 1166:800 445:BNA 235:of 209:at 6616:: 4141:. 4077:. 3950:. 3867:. 3755:. 3557:^ 3541:^ 3499:^ 3483:^ 3332:^ 3252:^ 3194:^ 3180:^ 3134:^ 3052:^ 2993:^ 2952:99 2950:. 2944:. 2905:^ 2864:. 2828:^ 2773:^ 2743:^ 2692:^ 2555:^ 2518:^ 2466:^ 2264:or 2251:, 2227:, 2188:kg 2184:lb 2176:kg 2172:lb 2040:, 1944:. 1718:, 1417:. 1342:, 1219:. 1192:. 1176:, 1145:. 1089:, 864:, 719:, 687:. 439:, 325:. 5867:e 5860:t 5853:v 5739:) 5735:( 5656:) 5652:( 5646:) 5642:( 4782:e 4775:t 4768:v 4249:e 4242:t 4235:v 4160:. 4134:. 4119:. 4104:. 4089:. 4070:. 4035:. 4019:. 4001:. 3976:. 3960:. 3942:. 3927:. 3912:. 3896:. 3823:. 3805:. 3794:. 3748:. 3724:. 2966:. 2822:. 2402:. 2152:: 2057:2 1829:. 1037:( 480:N 182:) 167:) 152:) 20:)

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Blackburn Buccaneer

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