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Hawise was countess in her own right when she married, on 14 January 1180, to
William, Earl of Essex. On his death late in 1189 the widowed Hawise was described by chronicler Richard of Devizes as "a woman who was almost a man, lacking nothing virile except the virile organs." In addition to her
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King Henry had promised
Baldwin marriage to a certain rich heiress, but King Richard had chosen to give that heiress in marriage to another. Now Richard fulfilled his father's promise with an even wealthier heiress, but their enjoyment of her Aumale lands in Normandy was short-lived. King
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proposed a fourth husband, Hawise declined. She paid 5,000 marks for her inheritance, her dower lands, and "that she be not distrained to marry". By
September 1213 she had paid £1,000 of that fine.
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one-third of the substantial
Mandeville estates. After a widowhood of less than a year, she remarried. Her second husband was
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took Aumale in August 1196 and it remained in the hands of the French king thereafter. Baldwin died in
October 1212. When
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and Cicely, daughter and co-heiress of
William fitz Duncan. She became Countess of Essex by her marriage to
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in 1178. The following year, in 1179, he and Earl
William de Mandeville escorted
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66:) of Oleron. The Poitevin was one of the commanders of the crusading fleet of
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from 1179 until 1194 with her husbands. She was the daughter and heiress of
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The Reign of
Richard Lionheart: Ruler of the Angevin Empire, 1189-1199
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The countess gave birth to a son and eventual heir, also named
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The lords of
Holderness, 1086-1260: a study in feudal society
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inherited lands in
Normandy and England (which included the
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131:Chronicon de rebus gestis Ricardi I regis Angliæ
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133:, ed. J. Stevenson (London: 1838). p. 10.
32:William de Mandeville, 3rd Earl of Essex
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93:to visit the tomb of newly canonized
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22:(died 11 March 1214) was ruling
227:12th-century English landowners
217:13th-century English landowners
207:12th-century countesses regnant
171:Turner, R.V., and R.R. Heiser,
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85:as ambassador to the count of
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232:12th-century women landowners
222:13th-century women landowners
212:12th-century English nobility
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147:The English Woman in History
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202:12th-century English women
20:Hawise, Countess of Aumale
47:, in the eastern part of
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95:Archbishop Thomas Becket
28:William, Count of Aumale
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16:Anglo-Norman noblewoman
162:(Oxford: 1979), p. 33.
129:Richard of Devizes,
91:King Philip Augustus
45:Honour of Holderness
51:), she received in
197:English countesses
158:English, Barbara,
79:Baldwin de Béthune
24:Countess of Aumale
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107:Philip Augustus
57:William de Forz
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68:King Richard I
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192:1214 deaths
64:de Fortibus
186:Categories
117:References
99:Canterbury
111:King John
49:Yorkshire
87:Flanders
75:William
59:(or in
61:Latin
53:dower
38:Life
97:in
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