24:
33:
1494:
503:(Pogrom Night) did the National Socialist authorities intervene massively in the negotiations and determine the path of aryanization. From the end of 1938 onwards, the business was mainly run by the Aufhäuser's close associate, Josef Bayer (1897–1965), who had been married to a Jewish woman since the 1920s, but could not be dismissed by the National Socialist authorities because of his knowledge of the bank. The
357:, he was considered a "Jewish mixed race of the second degree", which led to a restriction of his civil rights. To secure the future of the bank, in 1938, the banking house Hauck acquired the majority of the 1804 founded banking business J. Ph. Keßler. Its previous owner Adolf Melber (1894–1972) joined the banking house Hauck as a managing director in 1939, and now represented the bank to the outside.
376:(limited partnership on shares). At the end of 1993, Michael Hauck (born 1927), the last member of the family, left the bank after 47 years as personally liable partner. Michael Hauck is now honorary chairman of the bank Hauck & Aufhäuser, and members of the family continue to belong to the circle of shareholders of the bank.
491:
The
Bankhaus H. Aufhäuser was "forcefully Aryanized " as a result of the so-called Pogrom Night in early November and, in December 1938, Friedrich Wilhelm Seiler took over the bank. H. Aufhäuser was thus one of the last private banks and one of the most important ones that was aryanized in this way.
365:
After the complete destruction of the bank's building in the Neue
Mainzer Straße 30 in the air raids on Frankfurt am Main in March 1944, it was rebuilt after the war. In 1946 August Oswalt, Anne Marie Hauck and Michael Hauck became personally liable partners. In 1950, Georg Hauck & Sohn was
591:
On July 8, 2015, it was announced that Hauck & Aufhäuser is in sales talks with the
Chinese investment group Fosun International. According to media reports the offer of Fosun amounted to €210 million. In August 2016, after more than a year of auditing, the takeover was confirmed by the
496:
and the Jewish employees had to be dismissed. However, it must be noted that Martin Aufhäuser had led the first negotiations with
Frederick Seiler in the summer of 1938 more or less voluntarily; Seiler was the one to whom the Aufhäusers wanted to hand over their bank. Only after the
507:
succeeded in generating profits by 1944 without becoming involved in arms deals or the like. Josef Bayer, as well as the, since 1939, personally liable shareholder Otto
Schniewind, who was temporarily scheduled to serve as minister of finance or economy in the planned government of
165:(China) and focuses on the advisory and asset management of private and corporate clients as well as institutional investors and on cooperation with independent asset managers. The bank was created in 1998 from the merger of Georg Hauck & Sohn Bankiers in
631:
agreed to buy Hauck Aufhäuser Lampe (HAL) for 672 million euros ($ 730 million) from Fosun
International. Some of HAL's units such as those that provide alternative investment fund management or fund administration services were not part of the acquisition.
211:, commissions and freight forwarding business. Gebhard & Hauck operated banking transactions, like many trading houses of that time, at least in the beginning probably only incidentally. It is known that as early as 1800 Gebhard & Hauck granted the
353:" because his mother Anna Hauck born Reiss (1839-1925) came from the long-established Jewish families Reiss and Flersheim. After Otto Hauck's death in 1934, his son Alexander Hauck (1893–1946) took over the management of the bank. According to the
575:
was one of the few private bank houses that was run independently by personally liable partners and independent of the group. Besides the descendants of the founding family, the shareholders included Hans
Langmann, former CEO of
413:
to its customers. At the turn of the century, the bank, which initially specialized in securities brokerage, became a high-volume bank. For the first time in 1913 H. Aufhäuser's balance sheet totaled over 10 million
552:. In 1955, however, due to the events during the Nazi era, the family Aufhäuser sold its shares completely and has since ceased to be involved in the bank; however personal relationships continue to exist.
1087:
1165:
568:. The partner circle of the bank consists of the speaker Michael Bentlage as well as Stephan Rupprecht and Wolfgang Strobel. Hauck & Aufhäuser sees itself as a traditional and modern private bank.
250:
after the death of their father
Friedrich Michael (whose partner Peter Gebhard had already died in 1814), but went separate ways in 1861. The Hauck brothers founded the banks
345:
On March 31, 1933 Otto Hauck resigned as a long-standing president of the
Frankfurt Chamber of Commerce and Industry, together with the entire Bureau. In connection with the
1061:
528:
The brothers Martin and
Siegfried Aufhäuser (1877–1949, since 1921 partner in the bank and British citizen) had to leave Germany destitute and humiliated and emigrated to
223:
at an interest rate of 4.5 percent. Friedrich Michael Hauck was a member of the Permanent Citizens' Representative from 1815 to 1825 and from 1817 to 1819 a member of the
600:(BaFin). For the first time, a German bank went to a majority shareholder from China. The management of Hauck & Aufhäuser remained unchanged as of January 2017.
1324:
703:
1173:
1139:
860:"Fosun completes acquisition of Germany private bank Hauck &Aufhäuser Continues to reinforce the blueprint of Fosun'sintegrated financial service business"
1557:
1247:
1298:
1349:
283:
In 1888, under the direction of Otto Hauck (* 10. April 1863 Frankfurt am Main, † 25. November 1934 Frankfurt am Main), the house, together with the
1398:
484:, the bank was subjected to massive reprisals and it lost a large part of its customers - by coercive measures (Jew boycott etc.), emigration or
1430:
1412:
1508:
1031:
397:
of the new bank increased fivefold. After Heinrich Aufhäuser had paid out his former partner Scharlach by 1892, the Institute was renamed
1195:
908:
458:. The 1920s were very successful years for H. Aufhäuser. Martin Aufhäuser (1875–1944) also sat on the board of the 1924 newly founded
1001:
733:
597:
1466:
1113:
438:
in 1918 – also a hallmark of the concentration process at the banks since the turn of the century. The official name was now:
763:
326:
548:
again, and the descendants of the Aufhäusers were, already in 1953 retroactively to 1948, offered a 40-percent stake in the
1272:
1552:
1374:
402:
1547:
346:
322:
450:
resulted in a cross-shareholding between the two Jewish banks. At the same time, Ernst Kritzler, a shareholder of
426:
One of the most renowned German private banks since the Empire and the former house bank of the former Chancellor
477:
1350:"Der Finanzprodukt Blog » Hauck & Aufhäuser Launches Digital Asset Management With Bionic Robo Advisor"
207:
in Frankfurt am Main, in operation since 1753. Gebhard & Hauck, as the business was now called, ran the
933:
485:
431:
1567:
834:
203:
On January 1, 1796 Friedrich Michael Hauck (1769–1839) became a new partner in the existing business
883:
513:
509:
619:. Hauck & Aufhäuser has been in the digital asset management business with Zeedin since 2018.
258:. The latter bank was quite successful for a while, but was liquidated in 1926 and transferred to
1562:
1039:
299:
228:
1221:
784:
593:
368:
1273:"Hauck & Aufhäuser erwirbt Luxemburger Sal. Oppenheim-Gesellschaften der Deutschen Bank"
667:
The list represents an excerpt. The complete list can be found in the current annual report.
267:
212:
585:
462:(Gold Discounter Bank), which was founded after the hyperinflation as a subsidiary of the
8:
549:
314:
310:
232:
174:
102:
1009:
741:
393:
was founded on 14 May 1870 in Munich. Already in the first years from 1870 to 1876, the
23:
1392:
427:
240:
236:
415:
334:
271:
963:
859:
809:
410:
208:
1431:
ABN Amro to buy German private bank in biggest deal since 2008 financial crisis
1413:
ABN Amro to buy German private bank in biggest deal since 2008 financial crisis
653:
H&A Global Investment Management GmbH, Frankfurt am Main (Minority holding)
604:
354:
298:. A few years later, the bank house Hauck participated as a limited partner in
266:
participated in the establishment and development of numerous companies in the
178:
97:
1114:"Hauck & Aufhäuser geht an Fosun: Chinesen kaufen deutsche Traditionsbank"
1541:
1523:
1510:
537:
517:
499:
394:
318:
246:
In 1839 Georg Heinrich (1812–1884) and Ferdinand Hauck (1813–1888) took over
468:
in order to provide German foreign trade with convertible means of payment.
142:
1499:
401:
in 1894. The bank quickly gained a good reputation and soon counted et al.
295:
32:
698:
577:
533:
516:
or rather taken into custody as a result of the assassination attempt of
406:
330:
224:
46:
1299:"Hauck & Aufhäuser übernimmt Luxemburg-Geschäft von Sal. Oppenheim"
693:
608:
581:
464:
290:
235:. During this time, he earned honors for his services to the Frankfurt
182:
154:
644:
Hauck & Aufhäuser Alternative Investment Services S.A., Luxembourg
421:
185:. The purchase is subject to approval by the competition authorities.
603:
In December 2016, the private bank announced that it would take over
276:
177:. In March 2020 Hauck & Aufhäuser announced its intention to buy
166:
130:
76:
1429:
Nilutpal Timsina, Yantoultra Ngui and Matteo Allievi (28 May 2024),
1411:
Nilutpal Timsina, Yantoultra Ngui and Matteo Allievi (28 May 2024),
628:
350:
162:
113:
1140:"Bafin gibt Gas: Fosun bald Eigentümer von Hauck & Aufhäuser?"
1434:
1416:
662:
Hauck Investment Management (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., Shanghai (China)
481:
389:
By Heinrich Aufhäuser (1842–1917) and Samuel Scharlach, the bank
220:
158:
146:
138:
80:
659:
Hauck Investment Management (Nanjing) Co., Ltd., Nanjing (China)
523:
1088:"Deutsche Wirtschaftselite verkauft Traditionsbank an Chinesen"
529:
170:
150:
134:
656:
FidesKapital Gesellschaft für Kapitalbeteiligungen mbH, Munich
360:
566:
Banking Institute H. Aufhäuser zu Hauck & Aufhäuser KGaA
650:
Hauck & Aufhäuser Pension Trust GmbH, Frankfurt am Main
239:, for example, for the establishment of the Central German
231:. From 1821 to 1829 he was Senior Manager of the Frankfurt
216:
198:
56:
337:
of the late twenties and early thirties almost unscathed.
173:. Since 2016 it has been part of the Chinese conglomerate
1325:"Hauck & Aufhäuser launches digital asset management"
884:"Fosun-owned Hauck & Aufhaeuser buys Bankhaus Lampe"
708:
446:
in Berlin. In 1921, Martin Aufhäuser's participation in
1062:"Hauck und Aufhäuser jetzt vollständig in Privatbesitz"
635:
193:
704:
Hauck & Aufhäuser in the company database of BaFin
622:
677:
647:
Hauck & Aufhäuser Fund Platforms S.A., Luxembourg
480:" of the Nazis. Since the Aufhäusers belonged to the
1489:
1375:"Hauck & Aufhäuser launches robo-advisor Zeedin"
1248:"Hauck & Aufhäuser hat wieder einen echten Chef"
641:
Hauck & Aufhäuser Fund Services S.A., Luxembourg
555:
422:
S. Bleichröder limited partner and successful 1920s
133:. Hauck & Aufhäuser also maintains offices in
584:AG as well as the family Findel-Mast, which owns
340:
1539:
37:Hauck & Aufhäuser headquarters in Frankfurt
476:The successful years were interrupted by the "
611:and, as a result, the two resident companies
524:Reconstruction, Aufhäusers retire permanently
379:
1558:1796 establishments in the Holy Roman Empire
1372:
1196:"Bafin gibt chinesischer Fosun grünes Licht"
909:"Hauck & Aufhäuser kauft Bankhaus Lampe"
756:
728:
726:
724:
617:Oppenheim Asset Management Services S.à r.l.
613:Sal. Oppenheim jr. & Cie. Luxemburg S.A.
349:of 1 April 1933, he had been attacked as a "
309:even survived difficult periods such as the
1397:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
598:Banking and Financial Supervisory Authority
680:Wegmarken: 125 Jahre Bankhaus H. Aufhäuser
361:War and reconstruction, last Hauck retires
31:
22:
1464:
996:
994:
992:
990:
988:
986:
984:
958:
956:
954:
721:
1166:"Frankfurter Privatbank wird chinesisch"
709:Hauck & Aufhäuser Investment Banking
199:Development since the foundation in 1796
1245:
560:As of January 1, 1998, the Frankfurter
127:Hauck & Aufhäuser Privatbankiers AG
17:Hauck & Aufhäuser Privatbankiers AG
1540:
981:
951:
1460:
1458:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1446:
1444:
1214:
1080:
785:"Opening of Hauck Shanghai | H&A"
678:Moser, Eva; Winkler, Richard (1995).
636:Operating subsidiaries and ownership
194:Banking house Georg Hauck & Sohn
623:2022–present: Hauck Aufhäuser Lampe
13:
1441:
1246:Mussler, Hanno (8 February 2017).
14:
1579:
1373:October 2018, 26th (2018-10-26).
1222:"Vermögen verdient Beständigkeit"
699:Zeedin - digital asset management
347:Nazi boycott of Jewish businesses
68:1 January 1796 (current namesake)
1492:
556:1998–2022: Hauck & Aufhäuser
434:, became limited partner of the
384:
374:Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien
1465:Aufhäuser, Hauck (2020-09-23).
1423:
1405:
1366:
1342:
1329:www.internationalinvestment.net
1317:
1291:
1265:
1239:
1188:
1158:
1132:
1106:
1054:
1024:
562:Bankhaus Georg Hauck & Sohn
471:
926:
901:
876:
852:
827:
802:
777:
694:Hauck & Aufhäuser Homepage
372:(limited partnership), 1980 a
341:National Socialism – Reprisals
1:
1172:. 8 July 2015. Archived from
714:
671:
607:'s fund platform business in
520:, but survived the Nazi era.
492:The bank changed its name to
169:and Bankhaus H. Aufhäuser in
315:German-French War of 1870-71
285:Bankhaus J. J. Weiller Söhne
7:
968:Frankfurter Personenlexikon
432:Arnhold and S. Bleichroeder
129:is a private bank based in
10:
1584:
380:Banking house H. Aufhäuser
188:
66:1753 (Platz & Gebhard)
1553:Banks established in 1796
505:Bankhaus Aufhäuser/Seiler
409:as well as Neuberger and
391:Aufhäuser & Scharlach
108:
96:
86:
72:
62:
52:
42:
30:
21:
1548:Banks based in Frankfurt
964:"Hauck, Bankiersfamilie"
839:www.hauck-aufhaeuser.com
814:www.hauck-aufhaeuser.com
789:www.hauck-aufhaeuser.com
687:
682:. Munich: R. Oldenbourg.
510:Carl Friedrich Goerdeler
403:Duke Luitpold in Bavaria
1474:www.hauck-aufhäuser.com
934:"Geschäftsbericht 2015"
580:, Frank Asbeck, CEO of
454:since 1917, joined the
440:H. Aufhäuser Kommandite
300:Brown, Boveri & Cie
1252:Frankfurter Allgemeine
913:www.finance-magazin.de
319:founding crash in 1873
307:Georg Hauck & Sohn
264:Georg Hauck & Sohn
260:Georg Hauck & Sohn
252:Georg Hauck & Sohn
229:Free City of Frankfurt
1277:Hauck & Aufhäuser
1226:Hauck & Aufhäuser
1036:Hauck & Aufhäuser
1006:Hauck & Aufhäuser
938:Hauck & Aufhäuser
771:Hauck & Aufhäuser
738:Hauck & Aufhäuser
594:European Central Bank
573:Hauck & Aufhäuser
546:Bankhaus H. Aufhäuser
456:Bankhaus H. Aufhäuser
436:Bankhaus H. Aufhäuser
399:Bankhaus H. Aufhäuser
369:Kommanditgesellschaft
1467:"annual report 2019"
1354:www.finanzprodukt.ch
1176:on 13 September 2016
512:, were taken to the
213:Upper Rhenish Circle
1520: /
1042:on 17 November 2018
571:Until August 2016,
550:limited partnership
366:transformed into a
323:November Revolution
248:Gebhard & Hauck
233:Chamber of Commerce
205:Platz & Gebhard
103:Fosun International
88:Number of employees
18:
1524:50.1104°N 8.6744°E
1279:. 22 December 2016
1032:"Michael Bentlage"
1012:on 5 November 2018
744:on 5 November 2018
514:concentration camp
430:, the Berlin bank
405:and the family of
325:and the period of
311:German War in 1866
277:Metallgesellschaft
57:Credit Institution
16:
1568:Corporate finance
1305:. 4 December 2017
1068:. 17 January 2010
773:. 8 October 2020.
586:Mast-Jägermeister
542:Münchner Institut
428:Otto von Bismarck
241:Trade Association
237:Commercial policy
179:Bankhaus Lampe KG
167:Frankfurt am Main
131:Frankfurt am Main
124:
123:
116:.hauck-aufhaeuser
1575:
1535:
1534:
1532:
1531:
1530:
1525:
1521:
1518:
1517:
1516:
1513:
1502:
1497:
1496:
1495:
1484:
1483:
1481:
1480:
1471:
1462:
1439:
1427:
1421:
1409:
1403:
1402:
1396:
1388:
1386:
1385:
1370:
1364:
1363:
1361:
1360:
1346:
1340:
1339:
1337:
1336:
1321:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1295:
1289:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1269:
1263:
1262:
1260:
1258:
1243:
1237:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1218:
1212:
1211:
1209:
1207:
1202:. 18 August 2016
1192:
1186:
1185:
1183:
1181:
1170:WirtschaftsWoche
1162:
1156:
1155:
1153:
1151:
1136:
1130:
1129:
1127:
1125:
1110:
1104:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1084:
1078:
1077:
1075:
1073:
1058:
1052:
1051:
1049:
1047:
1038:. Archived from
1028:
1022:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1008:. Archived from
998:
979:
978:
976:
974:
960:
949:
948:
946:
944:
930:
924:
923:
921:
920:
905:
899:
898:
896:
895:
880:
874:
873:
871:
870:
856:
850:
849:
847:
846:
831:
825:
824:
822:
821:
806:
800:
799:
797:
796:
781:
775:
774:
768:
760:
754:
753:
751:
749:
740:. Archived from
730:
683:
494:Seiler & Co.
478:seizure of power
335:Great Depression
274:in 1854 and the
272:Frankfurter Bank
270:, including the
209:bill of exchange
120:
117:
115:
35:
26:
19:
15:
1583:
1582:
1578:
1577:
1576:
1574:
1573:
1572:
1538:
1537:
1529:50.1104; 8.6744
1528:
1526:
1522:
1519:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1507:
1506:
1498:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1487:
1478:
1476:
1469:
1463:
1442:
1428:
1424:
1410:
1406:
1390:
1389:
1383:
1381:
1379:FinTech Futures
1371:
1367:
1358:
1356:
1348:
1347:
1343:
1334:
1332:
1323:
1322:
1318:
1308:
1306:
1297:
1296:
1292:
1282:
1280:
1271:
1270:
1266:
1256:
1254:
1244:
1240:
1230:
1228:
1220:
1219:
1215:
1205:
1203:
1194:
1193:
1189:
1179:
1177:
1164:
1163:
1159:
1149:
1147:
1138:
1137:
1133:
1123:
1121:
1112:
1111:
1107:
1097:
1095:
1086:
1085:
1081:
1071:
1069:
1060:
1059:
1055:
1045:
1043:
1030:
1029:
1025:
1015:
1013:
1000:
999:
982:
972:
970:
962:
961:
952:
942:
940:
932:
931:
927:
918:
916:
907:
906:
902:
893:
891:
882:
881:
877:
868:
866:
858:
857:
853:
844:
842:
833:
832:
828:
819:
817:
808:
807:
803:
794:
792:
783:
782:
778:
766:
764:"annual report"
762:
761:
757:
747:
745:
732:
731:
722:
717:
690:
674:
638:
625:
564:and the Munich
558:
540:. In 1954, the
526:
474:
460:Golddiskontbank
424:
411:Alfred Einstein
387:
382:
363:
343:
333:as well as the
331:First World War
287:, marketed the
268:Rhine-Main area
256:Ferdinand Hauck
201:
196:
191:
112:
89:
67:
38:
12:
11:
5:
1581:
1571:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1504:
1503:
1486:
1485:
1440:
1422:
1404:
1365:
1341:
1316:
1290:
1264:
1238:
1213:
1187:
1157:
1131:
1105:
1079:
1053:
1023:
980:
950:
925:
900:
875:
851:
826:
801:
776:
755:
719:
718:
716:
713:
712:
711:
706:
701:
696:
689:
686:
685:
684:
673:
670:
664:
663:
660:
657:
654:
651:
648:
645:
642:
637:
634:
624:
621:
605:Sal. Oppenheim
596:(ECB) and the
557:
554:
525:
522:
473:
470:
452:S. Bleichröder
448:S. Bleichröder
444:S. Bleichröder
423:
420:
386:
383:
381:
378:
362:
359:
355:Nuremberg Laws
342:
339:
327:hyperinflation
200:
197:
195:
192:
190:
187:
122:
121:
110:
106:
105:
100:
94:
93:
90:
87:
84:
83:
74:
70:
69:
64:
60:
59:
54:
50:
49:
44:
40:
39:
36:
28:
27:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1580:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1563:Private banks
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1545:
1543:
1536:
1533:
1501:
1490:
1475:
1468:
1461:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1453:
1451:
1449:
1447:
1445:
1437:
1436:
1432:
1426:
1419:
1418:
1414:
1408:
1400:
1394:
1380:
1376:
1369:
1355:
1351:
1345:
1330:
1326:
1320:
1304:
1300:
1294:
1278:
1274:
1268:
1253:
1249:
1242:
1227:
1223:
1217:
1201:
1200:DasInvestment
1197:
1191:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1161:
1146:. 11 May 2016
1145:
1141:
1135:
1120:. 8 July 2015
1119:
1115:
1109:
1094:. 8 July 2015
1093:
1089:
1083:
1067:
1063:
1057:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1027:
1011:
1007:
1003:
997:
995:
993:
991:
989:
987:
985:
969:
965:
959:
957:
955:
939:
935:
929:
914:
910:
904:
889:
885:
879:
865:
864:www.fosun.com
861:
855:
840:
836:
830:
815:
811:
805:
790:
786:
780:
772:
765:
759:
743:
739:
735:
729:
727:
725:
720:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
691:
681:
676:
675:
669:
668:
661:
658:
655:
652:
649:
646:
643:
640:
639:
633:
630:
627:In May 2024,
620:
618:
614:
610:
606:
601:
599:
595:
589:
587:
583:
579:
574:
569:
567:
563:
553:
551:
547:
543:
539:
538:United States
535:
531:
521:
519:
515:
511:
506:
502:
501:
500:Kristallnacht
495:
489:
487:
483:
479:
469:
467:
466:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
419:
417:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
395:balance sheet
392:
385:Founding 1870
377:
375:
371:
370:
358:
356:
352:
348:
338:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
303:
301:
297:
293:
292:
286:
281:
279:
278:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
244:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
186:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
119:
111:
107:
104:
101:
99:
95:
91:
85:
82:
78:
75:
71:
65:
61:
58:
55:
51:
48:
45:
41:
34:
29:
25:
20:
1505:
1500:Banks portal
1477:. Retrieved
1473:
1433:
1425:
1415:
1407:
1382:. Retrieved
1378:
1368:
1357:. Retrieved
1353:
1344:
1333:. Retrieved
1331:. 2018-10-29
1328:
1319:
1307:. Retrieved
1303:Fonds Online
1302:
1293:
1281:. Retrieved
1276:
1267:
1255:. Retrieved
1251:
1241:
1229:. Retrieved
1225:
1216:
1204:. Retrieved
1199:
1190:
1178:. Retrieved
1174:the original
1169:
1160:
1148:. Retrieved
1144:Fonds Online
1143:
1134:
1122:. Retrieved
1117:
1108:
1096:. Retrieved
1092:Handelsblatt
1091:
1082:
1070:. Retrieved
1066:Handelsblatt
1065:
1056:
1044:. Retrieved
1040:the original
1035:
1026:
1014:. Retrieved
1010:the original
1005:
1002:"Geschichte"
971:. Retrieved
967:
941:. Retrieved
937:
928:
917:. Retrieved
912:
903:
892:. Retrieved
890:. 2020-03-05
887:
878:
867:. Retrieved
863:
854:
843:. Retrieved
838:
829:
818:. Retrieved
813:
804:
793:. Retrieved
788:
779:
770:
758:
746:. Retrieved
742:the original
737:
734:"Geschichte"
679:
666:
665:
626:
616:
612:
602:
590:
572:
570:
565:
561:
559:
545:
544:was renamed
541:
532:and via the
527:
518:20 July plot
504:
498:
493:
490:
482:Jewish faith
475:
472:Aryanization
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
425:
398:
390:
388:
373:
367:
364:
344:
306:
304:
296:stock market
288:
284:
282:
275:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
245:
227:Body of the
204:
202:
183:Oetker Group
161:(China) and
126:
125:
73:Headquarters
43:Company type
1527: /
1309:17 November
1283:17 November
1257:17 November
1231:17 November
1206:17 November
1180:17 November
1150:17 November
1124:17 November
1072:17 November
1046:17 November
915:(in German)
841:(in German)
816:(in German)
791:(in German)
578:Merck Group
534:Netherlands
486:deportation
407:Thomas Mann
262:. The Bank
225:Legislative
219:of 100,000
47:Corporation
1542:Categories
1512:50°06′37″N
1479:2020-09-23
1384:2020-09-23
1359:2020-09-23
1335:2020-09-23
1098:5 November
1016:5 November
973:5 November
943:5 November
919:2020-09-23
894:2020-09-23
869:2020-09-23
845:2020-09-23
820:2020-09-23
795:2020-09-23
748:5 November
715:References
672:Literature
609:Luxembourg
582:SolarWorld
465:Reichsbank
416:gold marks
329:after the
289:Farbwerke
155:Luxembourg
143:Düsseldorf
1515:8°40′28″E
835:"History"
810:"Contact"
305:The bank
243:in 1828.
181:from the
77:Frankfurt
1393:cite web
629:ABN Amro
351:half-Jew
221:guilders
163:Shanghai
53:Industry
1435:Reuters
1417:Reuters
888:Reuters
536:to the
294:at the
291:Hoechst
189:History
159:Nanjing
147:Cologne
139:Hamburg
109:Website
81:Germany
63:Founded
530:London
321:, the
317:, the
313:, the
171:Munich
151:London
135:Munich
98:Parent
1470:(PDF)
767:(PDF)
688:Links
175:Fosun
1399:link
1311:2018
1285:2018
1259:2018
1233:2018
1208:2018
1182:2018
1152:2018
1126:2018
1100:2018
1074:2018
1048:2018
1018:2018
975:2018
945:2018
750:2018
615:and
588:SE.
442:von
254:and
217:loan
118:.com
1118:ntv
114:www
92:722
1544::
1472:.
1443:^
1395:}}
1391:{{
1377:.
1352:.
1327:.
1301:.
1275:.
1250:.
1224:.
1198:.
1168:.
1142:.
1116:.
1090:.
1064:.
1034:.
1004:.
983:^
966:.
953:^
936:.
911:.
886:.
862:.
837:.
812:.
787:.
769:.
736:.
723:^
488:.
418:.
302:.
280:.
215:a
157:,
153:,
149:,
145:,
141:,
137:,
79:,
1482:.
1438:.
1420:.
1401:)
1387:.
1362:.
1338:.
1313:.
1287:.
1261:.
1235:.
1210:.
1184:.
1154:.
1128:.
1102:.
1076:.
1050:.
1020:.
977:.
947:.
922:.
897:.
872:.
848:.
823:.
798:.
752:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
