580:
566:
25:
122:
421:, and a new guilder currency unit of 60 kreuzer was defined. The latter gulden was then defined over the succeeding centuries as a currency unit worth a fraction of the silver
927:
229:) issued by several states of the Holy Roman Empire from the 14 century. The Rhenish gulden was issued by Trier, Cologne and Mainz in the 14 and 15 centuries.
755:
723:
511:
666:
89:
1100:
788:
108:
61:
536:
68:
46:
828:
503:
75:
485:
448:
of the
Southern German states from 1754, until German unification in 1871. Currencies identical to the
922:
481:
57:
934:
912:
436:
agreed to the
Conventions monetary standard which resulted into two differently valued gulden: the
382:
became a term for various early modern and modern currencies, detached from actual gold coins. The
42:
877:
849:
492:
437:
35:
658:
387:
648:
990:
985:
781:
738:
523:
168:
969:
461:
319:
karats fine; hence 3.43 grams (0.110 troy ounces) fine gold, or identical to the
Florentine
507:
172:
406:
341:
258:
8:
995:
954:
897:
644:
449:
445:
939:
752:
714:
959:
585:
530:
153:
1049:
1016:
882:
766:
680:
672:
662:
542:
263:
214:
201:
is also the name of several currencies used in Europe and the former colonies of the
164:
82:
1095:
1060:
823:
774:
610:
163:"). This was the term that became current in the southern and western parts of the
136:
1071:
902:
872:
759:
688:
652:
453:
441:
429:
391:
144:
944:
907:
620:
615:
496:
414:
410:
288:
276:
267:
222:
140:
592:
Other coin names that are derived from the gold of which they were once made:
1089:
964:
949:
917:
892:
887:
818:
684:
468:
383:
336:
th to a Mark, 19 karats fine; hence 2.76 grams (0.089 troy ounces) fine gold.
180:
692:
867:
833:
696:
605:
571:
550:
519:
457:
422:
306:
202:
1032:
395:
213:
The guilder or gulden was the name of several gold coins used during the
160:
546:
515:
374:
With increasingly standardized currencies in the early modern period,
514:, in 2010. Afterwards, it remained the currency of the new countries
242:
250:
24:
797:
246:
125:
433:
418:
676:
1000:
802:
417:
of equal value. By 1551, however, both coins were valued at 72
320:
218:
600:
596:
230:
121:
474:
399:
238:
716:
Money And
Coinage In Late Medieval And Early Modern Europe
221:, introduced in the 13 century. It then referred to the
365:
karats; hence 2.50 grams (0.080 troy ounces) fine gold.
175:). Hence, the name has often been interchangeable with
796:
16:
Western
European currency from the 13th-20th centuries
753:
http://www.nbbmuseum.be/en/2008/01/the-vierlander.htm
561:
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1087:
782:
649:"Appendix V - The Monetary System of Germany"
409:of 1524 defined fixed standards for the gold
484:was introduced in 1602, at the start of the
291:has changed over the centuries, as follows:
253:in 1510, and other towns in the 17 century.
639:
637:
635:
394:. It remained the national currency of the
789:
775:
390:after the monetary reforms of 1435, under
751:The Vierlander, a precursor to the euro.
475:Currencies derived from the Dutch guilder
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
632:
217:. It first referred to the Italian gold
120:
708:
706:
1088:
770:
712:
386:first emerged as the currency of the
262:or imperial minting ordinance of the
703:
643:
274:) in 1524. It also defined a silver
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
369:
13:
654:The History of Currency, 1252-1894
14:
1112:
729:from the original on 13 June 2022
578:
564:
266:first defined standards for the
23:
522:and (until 1 January 2011) the
208:
34:needs additional citations for
745:
537:Netherlands New Guinean gulden
471:was in use from 1923 to 1939.
1:
829:Netherlands Antillean guilder
626:
504:Netherlands Antillean guilder
398:until it was replaced by the
657:(Third ed.). New York:
152:, originally shortened from
7:
557:
545:is a proposed currency for
444:from 1754 to 1892, and the
171:(introduced in 1252 in the
10:
1117:
486:United East Indies Company
1042:
1025:
1009:
978:
923:Netherlands Indies gulden
842:
811:
482:Netherlands Indies gulden
1101:Denominations (currency)
935:Dutch New Guinean gulden
913:Lombardo-Venetian florin
878:British Guianan guilder
850:Austro-Hungarian florin
493:British Guianan guilder
438:Austro-Hungarian florin
326:By 1419, it was minted
295:In 1354, it was minted
245:followed in the 1480s,
237:between 1429 and 1509.
388:Burgundian Netherlands
280:of equal value to the
129:
1001:Florin (Italian coin)
991:Florin (English coin)
986:Florin (British coin)
739:University of Toronto
524:Caribbean Netherlands
402:, on 1 January 2002.
287:The standards of the
124:
713:Munro, John (n.d.).
661:. pp. 363–367.
508:Netherlands Antilles
173:Republic of Florence
43:improve this article
996:Florin (Irish coin)
955:South German Gulden
928:Japanese occupation
898:East African florin
659:G. P. Putnam's Sons
450:South German gulden
446:South German gulden
139:translation of the
970:Württemberg Gulden
960:Surinamese guilder
758:2021-05-12 at the
586:Numismatics portal
531:Surinamese guilder
506:was in use in the
499:from 1796 to 1839.
462:Württemberg gulden
272:Rheinischer Gulden
154:Middle High German
130:
1083:
1082:
1017:Caribbean guilder
979:As a denomination
883:Conventionsgulden
543:Caribbean guilder
407:Reichsmünzordnung
342:Reichsmünzordnung
264:Holy Roman Empire
259:Reichsmünzordnung
215:Holy Roman Empire
165:Holy Roman Empire
119:
118:
111:
93:
1108:
1076:
1070:
1065:
1059:
1054:
1048:
940:Neuchâtel gulden
824:Hungarian forint
791:
784:
777:
768:
767:
762:
749:
743:
742:
736:
734:
728:
721:
710:
701:
700:
641:
611:Hungarian forint
588:
583:
582:
581:
574:
569:
568:
567:
370:Currency guilder
364:
363:
359:
355:nd to a Mark, 18
354:
353:
349:
345:, it was minted
335:
334:
330:
318:
317:
313:
304:
303:
299:
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
1116:
1115:
1111:
1110:
1109:
1107:
1106:
1105:
1086:
1085:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1068:
1063:
1057:
1052:
1046:
1038:
1021:
1005:
974:
903:Fribourg gulden
873:Bavarian gulden
838:
807:
795:
765:
760:Wayback Machine
750:
746:
732:
730:
726:
719:
711:
704:
669:
642:
633:
629:
584:
579:
577:
570:
565:
563:
560:
477:
454:Bavarian gulden
442:Austrian Empire
430:Austria-Hungary
392:Philip the Good
372:
361:
357:
356:
351:
347:
346:
332:
328:
327:
315:
311:
310:
301:
297:
296:
233:minted its own
211:
157:guldin pfenninc
115:
104:
98:
95:
52:
50:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1114:
1104:
1103:
1098:
1081:
1080:
1078:
1077:
1066:
1055:
1043:
1040:
1039:
1037:
1036:
1029:
1027:
1023:
1022:
1020:
1019:
1013:
1011:
1007:
1006:
1004:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
982:
980:
976:
975:
973:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
947:
945:Rhenish gulden
942:
937:
932:
931:
930:
920:
915:
910:
908:Guldengroschen
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
846:
844:
840:
839:
837:
836:
831:
826:
821:
815:
813:
809:
808:
794:
793:
786:
779:
771:
764:
763:
744:
702:
668:978-0342143832
667:
630:
628:
625:
624:
623:
621:Reichsguldiner
618:
616:Meissen gulden
613:
608:
603:
590:
589:
575:
559:
556:
555:
554:
539:
533:
527:
500:
497:British Guiana
495:was in use in
489:
476:
473:
415:Guldengroschen
411:Rhenish gulden
371:
368:
367:
366:
337:
324:
289:Rhenish gulden
277:Guldengroschen
268:Rhenish gulden
227:florenus Rheni
223:Rhenish gulden
210:
207:
117:
116:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1113:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1093:
1091:
1073:
1067:
1062:
1056:
1051:
1045:
1044:
1041:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1028:
1026:See also
1024:
1018:
1015:
1014:
1012:
1008:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
983:
981:
977:
971:
968:
966:
965:Tuscan florin
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
950:Schwyz Gulden
948:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
929:
926:
925:
924:
921:
919:
918:Luzern Gulden
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
893:Dutch guilder
891:
889:
888:Danzig gulden
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
863:
859:
855:
851:
848:
847:
845:
841:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
819:Aruban florin
817:
816:
814:
810:
805:
804:
799:
792:
787:
785:
780:
778:
773:
772:
769:
761:
757:
754:
748:
740:
725:
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717:
709:
707:
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694:
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682:
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664:
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646:
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631:
622:
619:
617:
614:
612:
609:
607:
604:
602:
598:
595:
594:
593:
587:
576:
573:
562:
552:
548:
544:
540:
538:
534:
532:
528:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
498:
494:
490:
487:
483:
479:
478:
472:
470:
469:Danzig gulden
465:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
426:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
403:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
384:Dutch guilder
381:
377:
344:
343:
338:
325:
322:
308:
294:
293:
292:
290:
285:
283:
279:
278:
273:
269:
265:
261:
260:
254:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
206:
204:
200:
195:
193:
192:
187:
186:
182:
181:currency sign
178:
174:
170:
169:Fiorino d'oro
166:
162:
158:
155:
151:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
128:gulden (1341)
127:
123:
113:
110:
102:
99:December 2009
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
1075:}}
1069:{{
1064:}}
1058:{{
1053:}}
1047:{{
868:Baden gulden
861:
857:
853:
834:Polish zloty
801:
747:
737:– via
731:. Retrieved
715:
697:Google Books
695:– via
653:
591:
572:Money portal
551:Sint Maarten
520:Sint Maarten
466:
458:Baden gulden
452:include the
427:
423:Reichsthaler
404:
379:
375:
373:
340:
339:By the 1559
307:Cologne Mark
286:
281:
275:
271:
257:
255:
249:in 1509 and
234:
226:
212:
209:Gold guilder
203:Dutch Empire
198:
196:
190:
189:
184:
183:
176:
156:
148:
147:
132:
131:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
1033:Florin sign
812:Circulating
722:(Lecture).
645:Shaw, W. A.
512:dissolution
396:Netherlands
309:of gold, 23
235:Apfelgulden
1090:Categories
806:or similar
798:Currencies
627:References
510:until its
460:& the
161:gold penny
69:newspapers
693:14346094M
685:613143051
428:In 1753,
243:Solothurn
58:"Guilder"
1050:Groschen
1010:Proposed
756:Archived
724:Archived
677:75006519
647:(1896).
558:See also
413:and the
247:Fribourg
167:for the
126:Florence
1096:Guilder
1061:Pfennig
843:Defunct
733:22 July
547:Curaçao
516:Curaçao
440:of the
434:Bavaria
419:kreuzer
380:guilder
360:⁄
350:⁄
331:⁄
314:⁄
300:⁄
199:guilder
137:English
135:is the
133:Guilder
83:scholar
1072:Thaler
858:forint
854:Gulden
803:florin
800:named
691:
683:
675:
665:
376:gulden
321:florin
282:gulden
251:Zürich
219:florin
177:florin
149:gulden
145:German
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
862:zlatý
727:(PDF)
720:(PDF)
606:Zloty
305:th a
231:Basel
141:Dutch
90:JSTOR
76:books
735:2022
681:OCLC
673:LCCN
663:ISBN
549:and
541:The
535:The
529:The
518:and
502:The
491:The
480:The
432:and
405:The
400:euro
256:The
241:and
239:Bern
197:The
143:and
62:news
1035:(ƒ)
601:øre
597:Öre
378:or
194:).
191:fl.
188:or
45:by
1092::
860:,
856:,
705:^
689:OL
687:.
679:.
671:.
651:.
634:^
599:,
467:A
464:.
456:,
425:.
352:72
333:67
302:66
284:.
205:.
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852:(
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741:.
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101:)
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80:·
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39:.
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