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HOMO and LUMO

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Diagram of the HOMO and LUMO of a molecule. Each circle represents an electron in an orbital; when light of a high enough frequency is absorbed by an electron in the HOMO, it jumps to the LUMO.
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If existent, the molecular orbitals at one energy level below the HOMO and one energy level above the LUMO are also found to play a role in frontier molecular orbital theory. They are named
330: 300: 467: 125:, as well as the colors they produce in solution. As a rule of thumb, the smaller a compound's HOMO–LUMO gap, the more stable the compound. 460: 394: 103: 491: 453: 247: 361: 486: 232: 267: 17: 284: 222: 227: 162: 134: 35: 31: 237: 122: 8: 182: 441: 433: 390: 87: 340: 310: 344: 335: 314: 305: 119: 384: 150: 437: 410: 142: 54: 161:
In organometallic chemistry, the size of the LUMO lobe can help predict where
480: 339:, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version: (2006–) " 309:, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version: (2006–) " 41: 348: 318: 138: 213:. These are also commonly referred to as HOMO−1 and LUMO+1 respectively. 146: 75: 98:, respectively. HOMO and LUMO are sometimes collectively called the 118:. Its size can be used to predict the strength and stability of 242: 149:. The same analogy can be made between the LUMO level and the 425: 63: 49: 67:
3D model of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital in CO
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Highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals
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3D model of the highest occupied molecular orbital in
30:"HOMO" and "LUMO" redirect here. For other uses, see 114:The energy difference between the HOMO and LUMO is 386:Molecular Orbitals and Organic Chemical Reactions 478: 461: 185:. This abbreviation may also be extended to 260: 156: 468: 454: 277: 211:second lowest unoccupied molecular orbital 203:next-to-highest occupied molecular orbital 362:"HOMO (Molecular Orbital) – an overview" 62: 48: 40: 382: 14: 479: 193:Subadjacent orbitals: NHOMO and SLUMO 420: 96:lowest unoccupied molecular orbital 24: 376: 336:Compendium of Chemical Terminology 306:Compendium of Chemical Terminology 92:highest occupied molecular orbital 25: 503: 404: 383:Fleming, Ian (21 December 2009). 266:Griffith, J. S. and L. E. Orgel. 179:singly occupied molecular orbital 128: 104:frontier molecular orbital theory 424: 187:semi occupied molecular orbital 354: 324: 294: 181:such as half-filled HOMO of a 13: 1: 253: 440:. You can help Knowledge by 7: 216: 10: 508: 419: 413:Molecular orbital database 29: 137:roughly what the maximum 90:. The acronyms stand for 157:Organometallic chemistry 492:Quantum chemistry stubs 349:10.1351/goldbook.S06067 319:10.1351/goldbook.S05765 248:Woodward–Hoffmann rules 168: 436:-related article is a 233:Klopman–Salem equation 228:Electron configuration 163:addition to pi ligands 135:organic semiconductors 109: 71: 60: 46: 268:"Ligand Field Theory" 133:The HOMO level is to 66: 52: 44: 36:Lumo (disambiguation) 32:Homo (disambiguation) 366:ScienceDirect Topics 223:Diels–Alder reaction 389:. pp. 1–360. 274:1957, 11, 381–383. 272:Q. Rev. Chem. Soc. 88:molecular orbitals 72: 61: 47: 487:Quantum chemistry 449: 448: 434:quantum chemistry 341:subjacent orbital 238:Koopmans' theorem 116:the HOMO–LUMO gap 102:, such as in the 100:frontier orbitals 16:(Redirected from 499: 470: 463: 456: 428: 421: 400: 370: 369: 358: 352: 328: 322: 298: 292: 281: 275: 264: 141:is to inorganic 120:transition metal 21: 507: 506: 502: 501: 500: 498: 497: 496: 477: 476: 475: 474: 417: 407: 397: 379: 377:Further reading 374: 373: 360: 359: 355: 329: 325: 299: 295: 291:2014, 1, 17–19. 285:"Mind the gap!" 282: 278: 265: 261: 256: 219: 195: 171: 159: 151:conduction band 131: 112: 70: 58: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 505: 495: 494: 489: 473: 472: 465: 458: 450: 447: 446: 429: 415: 414: 406: 405:External links 403: 402: 401: 395: 378: 375: 372: 371: 353: 323: 293: 283:Bredas, J,-L. 276: 258: 257: 255: 252: 251: 250: 245: 240: 235: 230: 225: 218: 215: 194: 191: 170: 167: 158: 155: 143:semiconductors 130: 129:Semiconductors 127: 111: 108: 68: 56: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 504: 493: 490: 488: 485: 484: 482: 471: 466: 464: 459: 457: 452: 451: 445: 443: 439: 435: 430: 427: 423: 422: 418: 412: 409: 408: 398: 396:9780470746592 392: 388: 387: 381: 380: 367: 363: 357: 350: 346: 342: 338: 337: 332: 327: 320: 316: 312: 308: 307: 302: 297: 290: 289:Mater. Horiz. 286: 280: 273: 269: 263: 259: 249: 246: 244: 241: 239: 236: 234: 231: 229: 226: 224: 221: 220: 214: 212: 208: 204: 200: 190: 188: 184: 180: 176: 166: 164: 154: 152: 148: 144: 140: 136: 126: 124: 121: 117: 107: 105: 101: 97: 93: 89: 86:are types of 85: 81: 77: 65: 59: 51: 43: 37: 33: 19: 442:expanding it 431: 416: 385: 365: 356: 334: 326: 304: 296: 288: 279: 271: 262: 210: 206: 202: 198: 196: 186: 178: 174: 172: 165:will occur. 160: 147:quantum dots 139:valence band 132: 115: 113: 99: 95: 91: 83: 79: 73: 481:Categories 254:References 153:minimum. 123:complexes 76:chemistry 18:HOMO/LUMO 217:See also 411:OrbiMol 183:radical 393:  243:Ligand 432:This 331:IUPAC 301:IUPAC 207:SLUMO 199:NHOMO 177:is a 438:stub 391:ISBN 311:SOMO 209:for 205:and 201:for 175:SOMO 169:SOMO 145:and 94:and 84:LUMO 82:and 80:HOMO 34:and 345:doi 343:". 315:doi 313:". 110:Gap 74:In 483:: 364:. 333:, 303:, 287:. 270:. 189:. 173:A 106:. 78:, 55:CO 469:e 462:t 455:v 444:. 399:. 368:. 351:. 347:: 321:. 317:: 69:2 57:2 38:. 20:)

Index

HOMO/LUMO
Homo (disambiguation)
Lumo (disambiguation)


CO2

chemistry
molecular orbitals
frontier molecular orbital theory
transition metal
complexes
organic semiconductors
valence band
semiconductors
quantum dots
conduction band
addition to pi ligands
radical
Diels–Alder reaction
Electron configuration
Klopman–Salem equation
Koopmans' theorem
Ligand
Woodward–Hoffmann rules
"Ligand Field Theory"
"Mind the gap!"
IUPAC
Compendium of Chemical Terminology
SOMO

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