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and up from the muzzle to pass between the eyes. Symmetry in markings and coloring are not a priority in the
American Kennel Club standard for the breed. Function and temperament are prioritized as the dog must work. It is common to hear the phrase "the head doesn't pull the cart" or "markings don't pull the cart" to mean that cosmetic features are not highly valued.
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and pale mucous membranes. One theory for the development of splenic torsion is that for dogs with chronic intermittent gastric dilatation, the dilation causes the spleen's ligaments to stretch and increases the spleen's mobility within the abdomen. The spleen becomes torsed because it is no longer anchored in its correct location.
682:
Heavier dogs such as the
Greater Swiss Mountain Dogs tend to have shorter lifespans than medium- and small-sized dogs; longevity is inversely related to breed size. Two websites list the life expectancy for Greater Swiss Mountain Dogs at 10 to 11 years; another lists it as 8–10 years. A survey by the
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is located in the left cranial abdomen and is held loosely in place by ligaments. Primary diseases of the spleen are splenic torsion and splenic tumors. Splenic torsion occurs when the spleen twists along the axis of the blood supply. Symptoms of splenic torsion include lethargy, abdominal distension
652:
The
Greater Swiss Mountain Dog is happy with an enthusiastic nature and strong affinity to people and children. This breed is sociable, active, calm and dignified. While the breed does need exercise, they do not need a vast space. The breed often stands close to their owners, rarely straying far away
551:
While the
Greater Swiss Mountain Dog Standard calls for a black, white and rust dog; they do come in other colors which include blue, white and tan tri-color; and rust and white bi-color. On the blue tri-color dogs, blue replaces where black would be and tan replaces where the rust would normally be.
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has a dense outer coat of about 1.25 to 2 in (3.2 to 5.1 cm) long. Textures of the topcoat can range from short, straight and fine to longer, wavier and coarser. The under coat is thick and ranges from the preferred dark gray to light gray to tawny, and must be on the neck, but can be all
474:
There are a number of
Greater Swiss that have been noted in the media. Network, owned by Sun Microsystems CEO, Scott McNealy, served as their mascot. Mouse, a Greater Swiss Mountain Dog living in Austin, TX served as the mascot of Keep Austin Dog Friendly. Oscar the Grouch, a Greater Swiss Mountain
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Males range between 25.5 and 28.5 in (65 and 72 cm) at the shoulder and females range between 23.5 and 27 in (60 and 69 cm) at the shoulder. There is no standard for weight in the
Greater Swiss Mountain Dog; males tend to range between 90 and 140 lb (41 and 64 kg) and
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There is black on top of the dog's back, ears, tail and the majority of the legs. There should be rust on the cheeks, a thumb print above the eyes, and also rust should appear on the legs between the white and black. There should be white on the muzzle, the feet, the tip of the tail, on the chest,
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are essential for a draft dog to provide powerful rear-drive during movement. The breed standard 'bend of stifle' refers to where the upper and the lower thighs meet. The hock joint corresponds to the human ankle and first short bones in the foot; the dog does not walk on the heel as people do.
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Evolutionary hierarchy suggests breeds should genetically cluster into groups sharing recent common ancestry. A genetic clustering algorithm could not easily distinguish between the obviously related pairs of
Greater Swiss Mountain Dog and the Bernese Mountain Dog.
443:
Although Heim has said that the big butcher dogs, Metzgerhund, became extinct after foreign imports became more popular, there is speculation over whether farmers would get an expensive foreign dog. In 1889 an
International Dog Show was held in
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It was assumed that the
Greater Swiss Mountain Dog had almost died out by the late 19th century, because their work was being done by other breeds or machines, but they were rediscovered in the early 1900s.
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The
Greater Swiss Mountain Dog is considered the oldest of the Swiss breeds. It is the largest of the four Sennenhund breeds; all four have the same colors and markings, but are different sizes.
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This Greater Swiss Mountain Dog has a fine, straight coat, a properly hanging tail and the desired level back. This dog lacks rear angulation, which is a serious fault for a working dog.
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of Switzerland were more or less isolated from world history for three centuries. Specific dog breeds were created by inbreeding, and puppies were given to neighbors and family members.
293:
by foreign settlers. It was assumed to have almost died out by the late 19th century, since its work was being done by other breeds or machines, but was rediscovered in the early 1900s.
1923:
348:
The Greater Swiss Mountain Dog is a draft and drover breed that performs well very mountainous regions. Its popularity as a draft dog led to the nickname "the poor man's horse".
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and the Greater Swiss Mountain Dog are two of four distinctive farm-type dogs of Swiss origin who were saved from extinction and revitalized by Schertenlieb in the late 1800s.
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For the most part, this breed is relatively healthy for their size; Greater Swiss Mountain Dogs have far fewer problems than more populous breeds in the similar size range.
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The depth of the chest is approximately one-half the height of the dog at the withers, and the deepest point of the chest should lie between the elbows, not above them.
696:(FCI). They are in Group 2, Section 3 Swiss Mountain and Cattle Dogs; standards are dated March 25, 2003. The first standard was published not before February 5, 1939.
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Heim was a Sennenhund expert, and started to encourage breeders to take an interest in them. These efforts resulted in the re-establishment of the breed. The first
992:
561:
females range between 80 and 110 lb (36 and 50 kg). Body length to height is approximately a 10 to 9 proportion; they are slightly longer than tall.
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Their eyes are almond-shaped, vary in color from hazel to chestnut – dark brown is preferred – medium-sized, and neither deep-set nor protruding.
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718:
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More information about geologist and indigenous Swiss dog breeds advocate Albert Heim (1849-1937), including a photo with Swiss Mountain Dogs in 1929
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These two Greater Swiss Mountain Dogs, forming a double team, have collar harnesses, with the shaft between their legs. The driver is in the wagon.
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If this dog was commonly kept around 1870, it is unbelievable that only 30 years later you could only find him in remote valleys in the Bern area.
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This Greater Swiss Mountain Dog has strong, well-muscled shoulders; straight, strong forelegs; slightly sloping pasterns and well-rounded feet.
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The American Canine Registry (ACR) lists the Greater Swiss Mountain Dog as an acceptable breed under their American Canine Registry section.
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as he prepared to compete at the Westminster Dog Show. According to the AKC, Greater Swiss Mountain Dogs are 88th in popularity as a breed.
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In addition to the three breeds mentioned in the previous section, Greater Swiss Mountain Dogs are related to other mountain dogs:
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The four breeds of Sennenhund, with the original breed name followed by the most popular English version of the breed name:
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US breed club shows a median lifespan of 6.75 years. Dog lifespans may vary in different countries, even in the same breed.
1977:
1928:
1648:
Clotfelter, Ethan D.; Hollis, Karen L. (May 2008). "Cognition in Domestic Dogs: Object Permanence & Social Cueing".
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The Continental Kennel Club (CKC) lists the Greater Swiss Mountain Dog and provides minimal information about the breed.
1937:
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1001:
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The shoulders of a Greater Swiss Mountain Dog are long, sloping, strong, moderately laid back, flat and well-muscled.
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65:
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In 1945 over 100 puppies were registered, indicating the existence of about 350–400 dogs of the breed at that time.
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The American Kennel Club (AKC) fully recognized the breed in 1995, and classifies them in the Working Group.
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On the rust bi-color dogs, the dog is solid rust and white markings with a total absence of black coloring.
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The breed was first recognised internationally in 1939, when the Swiss Standard was first published by the
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733:
The America's Pet Registry Inc. (APRI) does have a classified ad section for Greater Swiss Mountain Dogs.
277:, dairymen and herders in the Swiss Alps. Greater Swiss Mountain Dogs are almost certainly the result of
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1405:
2206:
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2444:= Descended from and closely related to livestock guardian dogs, but traditionally used in other roles
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The Grosser Schweizer Sennenhund, or Greater Swiss Mountain Dog, is recognised internationally by the
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39:
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1970:
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over the body – with such a thick coat, Sennenhunde shed throughout the year and they have a
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329:
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43:
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2001:
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Chase, Kevin; Jones, Paul; Martin, Alan; Ostrander, Elaine A.; Lark, Karl G. (March 25, 2009).
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793:
727:, based in the United Kingdom, classifies the Greater Swiss Mountain Dog in the Working Group.
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1765:
1598:"Greater Swiss Mountain Dog Club of America Breed Health Survey 2000 & 2001: Conclusions"
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1040:(in English), Vertebrate Animals Department, Naturhistoriches Museum der Burgergemeinde Bern
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2006:
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707:
703:
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8:
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2016:
1963:
1287:
Bernese Mountain Dogs: Everything About Purchase, Care, Nutrition, Behavior, and Training
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209:
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2156:
2051:
2031:
1544:
1519:
1517:
1000:. p. Chapter 6 (revised) History of the Greater Swiss Mountain Dog. Archived from
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1863:
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2011:
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396:
1955:
1520:"Genetic Mapping of Fixed Phenotypes: Disease Frequency as a Breed Characteristic"
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The origin of the Greater Swiss Mountain Dog is not known. Beginning in 1515, the
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1918:
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1603:. Greater Swiss Mountain Dog Club of America Health Committee. October 2002
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that form the roof of the pelvis and the first few vertebrae of the tail.
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and mastiffs. The breed probably contributed to the development of the
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broad, strong and muscular hindquarters, and proper angles between the
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Splenic Torsion in a 3 year old male intact Greater Swiss Mountain dog
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The Illustrated Standard of the German Shepherd Dog: The Hindquarters
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1839:
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1217:"Home of Greater Swiss Mountain Grand Champion Dog Oscar The Grouch"
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A painting of an Alpine Mastiff which was brought to Britain in 1815
50:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
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it is a large, heavy-boned dog with incredible physical strength.
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was formed in 1912 to promote the Greater Swiss Mountain Dog. The
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307:, this breed is considered the oldest, and is also the largest.
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1932:
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Origin and Historical Background of Greater Swiss Mountain Dogs
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recognized the breed in 2006, and also places the breed in the
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1261:"American Kennel Club Announces Most Popular Dogs in the U.S."
372:
922:. Greater Swiss Mountain Dog Club of America. Archived from
448:, northern Switzerland; various Sennenhunde were exhibited.
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1941:
1216:
1167:"Corporate Mascots Are Feeling Unwanted as Moods Turn Sour"
686:
531:
1081:"Fédération Cynologique Internationale for Dogs Worldwide"
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recognized the breed in 1992; they place the breed in the
422:
Dr. Hans Raber commented on this discrepancy in his book,
1662:
10.1662/0002-7685(2008)70[293:CIDDOP]2.0.CO;2
569:
1816:
Welcome to the American Canine Registry, Home on the Web
920:"The Beginner's Guide to the Greater Swiss Mountain Dog"
784:
Grosser Schweizer Sennenhund, Greater Swiss Mountain Dog
1938:
Historical photos of the Grosser Schweizer Sennenhund
1792:(Report). America's Pet Registry, Inc. Archived from
1142:(Report). Greater Swiss Mountain.Com. Archived from
1104:
1985:
739:As of May 2010 the breed is not recognised by the
455:Bello v Schlossgut, SSB 3965, first shown in 1908.
1243:"Local Guy Is a Westminster Underdog to Root For"
965:"AKC Meet the Breeds: Greater Swiss Mountain Dog"
300:calls for a black, white, and rust colored coat.
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1840:Ostrander, Elaine A.; Wayne, Robert K. (2005).
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766:Greater Swiss Mountain Dog standing next to an
471:. In 1968 the breed was imported into the U.S.
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1971:
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1978:
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1382:(Report). Mastiff Reporter. Archived from
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392:(April 12, 1849 – August 31, 1937).
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66:Learn how and when to remove this message
1922:) is being considered for deletion. See
1432:"Greater Swiss Mountain Dog Information"
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1424:
1422:
1290:. Barron's Complete Pet Owner's Manual.
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687:Kennel club and pet registry recognition
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170:tricolor (black, rust or tan, and white)
1622:Cassidy, Kelly M. (December 26, 2007).
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475:Dog, was featured in the front page of
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2464:Dog breeds originating in Switzerland
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1165:Suein L. Hwang (September 25, 2002).
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469:Fédération Cynologique Internationale
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205:Fédération Cynologique Internationale
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1883:Adopt a Greater Swiss Mountain Dog
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745:Australian National Kennel Council
14:
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1926:to help reach a consensus. ›
1905:
806:
123:25.5–28.5 in (65–72 cm)
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1945:Naturaidogsarebad History Museum
1241:Cohen, Ben (February 13, 2012).
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523:Blue Greater Swiss Mountain Dog
303:Among the four Sennenhunde, or
133:23.5–27 in (60–69 cm)
2361:Romanian Mioritic Shepherd Dog
2037:Schweizerischer Niederlaufhund
1158:
1132:
1098:
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515:Red Greater Swiss Mountain Dog
154:80–110 lb (36–50 kg)
144:90–140 lb (41–64 kg)
1:
1911:
1498:"How Long Will Your Dog Live"
1406:"Greater Swiss Mountain Dogs"
1105:Ostrander, Elaine A. (2007).
872:
482:
2305:Maremmano-Abruzzese Sheepdog
1650:The American Biology Teacher
1568:"Greater Swiss Mountain Dog"
1380:Orthopedic Problems in Hocks
245:Grosser Schweizer Sennenhund
7:
2366:Romanian Raven Shepherd Dog
1886:. Petfinder. Archived from
1192:"Log in or sign up to view"
1111:. CSHL Press. p. 141.
850:
677:
259:which was developed in the
46:the claims made and adding
10:
2490:
2331:Perro de Pastor Mallorquin
2232:Greater Swiss Mountain Dog
2207:Central Asian Shepherd Dog
2182:Buryat-Mongolian Wolfhound
2027:Greater Swiss Mountain Dog
1929:Greater Swiss Mountain Dog
1790:Greater Swiss Mountain Dog
1767:Greater Swiss Mountain Dog
1036:February 25, 2009, at the
796:, Appenzeller Mountain Dog
755:
535:Greater Swiss Mountain Dog
310:
237:Greater Swiss Mountain Dog
86:Greater Swiss Mountain Dog
2437:
2132:
2076:
2063:
1994:
1770:. Continental Kennel Club
1467:Perkins, Ranetta (2009).
994:Die Schweizer Hunderassen
752:Four breeds of Sennenhund
656:
499:The coloration on a puppy
437:Die Schweizer Hunderassen
424:Die Schweizer Hunderassen
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2212:Entlebucher Mountain Dog
2192:CĂŁo de Gado Transmontano
2162:Appenzeller Mountain Dog
2057:White Swiss Shepherd Dog
2022:Entlebucher Mountain Dog
1924:templates for discussion
1352:(Report). Archived from
1322:(Report). Archived from
1284:Riggsbee, Nikki (2007).
1031:Great Swiss Mountain Dog
801:Entlebucher Mountain Dog
799:Entlebucher Sennenhund,
768:Entlebucher Mountain Dog
460:20th-century development
269:refers to people called
2474:Livestock guardian dogs
2197:Carpathian Shepherd Dog
2187:CĂŁo de Castro Laboreiro
2126:Livestock guardian dogs
1247:The Wall Street Journal
741:New Zealand Kennel Club
665:Abdominal health issues
640:
605:the croup is the fused
577:
555:
490:
477:The Wall Street Journal
2404:South Russian Ovcharka
2384:Sardinian Shepherd Dog
2202:Caucasian Shepherd Dog
2002:Appenzeller Sennenhund
1108:The Dog and its Genome
794:Appenzeller Sennenhund
770:
601:
592:Neck, topline and body
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548:once or twice a year.
536:
524:
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500:
456:
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384:to an advocate of the
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345:
325:
289:-type dogs brought to
252:
244:
186:approximately 11 years
2351:Pyrenean Mountain Dog
2177:Bucovina Shepherd Dog
2047:St. Hubert Jura Hound
1536:10.1093/jhered/esp011
967:. America Kennel Club
765:
653:without checking in.
599:
572:
534:
522:
514:
506:
498:
454:
428:
376:Professor Albert Heim
375:
343:
323:
199:Kennel club standards
2217:Estrela Mountain Dog
2172:Bernese Mountain Dog
2007:Bernese Mountain Dog
1986:Dogs originating in
1890:on February 13, 2023
1677:Canadian Kennel Club
1624:"Survey Comparisons"
1318:Shaw, Linda (2003).
991:Raber, Hans (1971).
789:Bernese Mountain Dog
704:Canadian Kennel Club
401:Bernese Mountain Dog
388:, geology professor
253:Grand Bouvier Suisse
2356:Rafeiro do Alentejo
2257:Kangal Shepherd Dog
2017:Continental Bulldog
1842:"The canine genome"
1530:(suppl_1): S37–41.
1524:Journal of Heredity
787:Berner Sennenhund,
386:Swiss mountain dogs
305:Swiss mountain dogs
2409:Tatra Shepherd Dog
2242:Himalayan Sheepdog
2157:Armenian Gampr dog
2052:Swiss mountain dog
2032:Schweizer Laufhund
1859:10.1101/gr.3736605
1711:United Kennel Club
1326:on January 2, 2010
862:List of dog breeds
821:Doberman Pinschers
771:
758:Swiss mountain dog
719:Guardian Dog Group
715:United Kennel Club
602:
575:
537:
525:
517:
509:
507:Desired coloration
501:
457:
378:
346:
336:Selective breeding
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162:short, double coat
31:possibly contains
2451:
2450:
2227:Georgian Shepherd
2152:Aksaray Malaklisi
2092:
2091:
1852:(12): 1706–1716.
1436:JustDogBreeds.com
1146:on March 18, 2013
1007:on April 28, 2019
357:Prevailing theory
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190:
189:
76:
75:
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33:original research
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2414:Tibetan Kyi Apso
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2346:Pyrenean Mastiff
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2012:Bruno Jura Hound
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1796:on March 2, 2008
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1742:. Archived from
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1714:. Archived from
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1683:. Archived from
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1578:on March 2, 2019
1574:. Archived from
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1386:on April 7, 2008
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1221:Swissyisland.com
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926:on June 21, 2021
915:
607:sacral vertebrae
439:
435:Dr. Hans Raber,
419:
418:
414:
407:Secondary theory
369:
368:
364:
352:Renewal of breed
228:
222:
196:
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175:Litter size
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2419:Tibetan Mastiff
2399:Spanish Mastiff
2394:Slovensky Cuvac
2370:
2322:
2311:Moscow Watchdog
2309:
2291:
2252:Kurdish Mastiff
2137:Afghan Shepherd
2128:
2123:
2093:
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1990:
1984:
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1846:Genome Research
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1746:on May 29, 2010
1739:The Kennel Club
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808:
807:Similar breeds
805:
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1049:Also spelled
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316:Breed history
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29:This article
27:
18:
17:
2441:
2324:Newfoundland
2231:
2026:
1917:
1892:. Retrieved
1888:the original
1882:
1876:
1849:
1845:
1820:. Retrieved
1810:
1798:. Retrieved
1794:the original
1784:
1772:. Retrieved
1766:
1760:
1748:. Retrieved
1744:the original
1738:
1732:
1720:. Retrieved
1716:the original
1710:
1704:
1692:. Retrieved
1685:the original
1676:
1670:
1653:
1649:
1643:
1631:. Retrieved
1627:
1617:
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1592:
1580:. Retrieved
1576:the original
1571:
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1513:
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1492:
1480:. Retrieved
1439:. Retrieved
1435:
1409:. Retrieved
1400:
1388:. Retrieved
1384:the original
1370:
1358:. Retrieved
1354:the original
1340:
1328:. Retrieved
1324:the original
1313:
1301:. Retrieved
1286:
1279:
1267:. Retrieved
1263:
1255:
1246:
1236:
1226:November 23,
1224:. Retrieved
1220:
1211:
1201:November 23,
1199:. Retrieved
1196:Facebook.com
1195:
1186:
1176:November 23,
1174:. Retrieved
1170:
1160:
1148:. Retrieved
1144:the original
1134:
1122:. Retrieved
1107:
1100:
1088:. Retrieved
1084:
1051:Schertenleib
1050:
1045:
1009:. Retrieved
1002:the original
993:
969:. Retrieved
928:. Retrieved
924:the original
817:Bullmastiffs
810:
779:
775:
772:
681:
668:
660:
651:
644:
627:
624:Hindquarters
619:
616:Forequarters
611:
603:
587:
584:
581:
565:Conformation
559:
550:
538:
526:
486:
476:
473:
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463:
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436:
429:
423:
421:
394:
383:
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327:
302:
295:
274:
270:
264:
236:
234:
226:domestic dog
77:
62:
53:
30:
2389:Ĺ arplaninac
2222:Gaddi Kutta
2042:St. Bernard
1988:Switzerland
1952:(in German)
1912:‹ The
1482:October 14,
1350:The Stifles
1269:February 6,
857:Dogs portal
841:St. Bernard
825:Great Danes
648:Temperament
539:The double
390:Albert Heim
291:Switzerland
285:with large
263:. The name
103:Switzerland
2469:FCI breeds
2458:Categories
2379:Sarabi dog
2372:St Bernard
2341:Pshdar dog
2300:Leonberger
1656:(5): 293.
1477:1813/12758
1471:(Report).
873:References
845:Rottweiler
483:Appearance
446:Winterthur
397:breed club
279:indigenous
266:Sennenhund
261:Swiss Alps
56:March 2024
40:improve it
2318:Mucuchies
2282:Koyun dog
1940:from the
1411:April 30,
1390:April 30,
1360:April 30,
1330:April 30,
1011:April 27,
971:April 30,
930:April 27,
833:Komondors
257:dog breed
80:Dog breed
44:verifying
2293:Landseer
2277:Komondor
2247:Hovawart
1914:template
1868:16339369
1818:(Report)
1633:April 3,
1607:April 6,
1554:19321632
1503:March 1,
1378:(1995).
1348:(2001).
1034:Archived
851:See also
843:and the
837:Kuvaszes
678:Lifespan
433:—
210:standard
178:up to 18
2424:Tornjak
2374:
2326:
2313:
2295:
2077:Extinct
1916:below (
1545:3139361
1264:Akc.org
1171:Wsj.com
867:Carting
743:or the
630:stifles
311:History
287:mastiff
255:) is a
151:Females
130:Females
38:Please
2429:Vikhan
2287:Kuvasz
2147:Akbash
1995:Extant
1933:Curlie
1919:Curlie
1894:May 5,
1866:
1822:May 5,
1800:May 5,
1774:May 5,
1750:May 3,
1722:May 3,
1694:May 3,
1582:May 1,
1552:
1542:
1441:May 1,
1303:May 1,
1294:
1150:May 5,
1124:May 1,
1115:
1090:May 4,
1085:Fci.be
813:Boxers
671:spleen
657:Health
411:": -->
361:": -->
283:mating
275:Senner
249:French
241:German
138:Weight
117:Height
112:Traits
100:Origin
1688:(PDF)
1681:(PDF)
1601:(PDF)
1005:(PDF)
998:(PDF)
634:hocks
281:dogs
167:Color
141:Males
120:Males
2267:Kars
2142:Aidi
1942:Bern
1896:2010
1864:PMID
1824:2010
1802:2010
1776:2010
1752:2010
1724:2010
1696:2010
1635:2011
1609:2011
1584:2010
1550:PMID
1505:2019
1484:2012
1443:2010
1413:2010
1392:2010
1362:2010
1332:2010
1305:2010
1292:ISBN
1271:2014
1228:2021
1203:2021
1178:2021
1152:2010
1126:2010
1113:ISBN
1092:2010
1013:2019
973:2010
932:2019
713:The
702:The
669:The
641:Gait
632:and
578:Head
556:Size
541:coat
491:Coat
413:edit
363:edit
296:Its
271:Senn
235:The
159:Coat
1931:at
1854:doi
1658:doi
1540:PMC
1532:doi
1528:100
1473:hdl
273:or
247:or
221:Dog
42:by
2460::
1862:.
1850:15
1848:.
1844:.
1832:^
1654:70
1652:.
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1451:^
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1169:.
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1058:^
1021:^
981:^
940:^
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847:.
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827:,
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426::
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1979:e
1972:t
1965:v
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1856::
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1754:.
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1534::
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1475::
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1364:.
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1249:.
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747:.
721:.
710:.
417:]
367:]
239:(
229:)
223:(
69:)
63:(
58:)
54:(
36:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
