324:. After rejecting the designs of two internationally known experts, he proposed his own design to the Prussian Admiralty on 29 May 1856. This port design met the requirements of the Prussian Admiralty but also allowed for later expansions and additions. The design was approved by cabinet order on 25 June 1856. After completion of the planning, he returned to the Prussian Ministry of Trade on 12 August 1856. The implementation of the plan was carried out in the following decade, and despite many changes, still determines the current layout of the town center.
347:
420:
182:, but in 1818 he switched to study civil engineering as he was more attracted to applied than theoretical science. Nevertheless, he remained in close contact with Bessel throughout his life. In 1819 he undertook the examination for surveyors (Landvermesserprüfung) and after graduating took a job as a junior engineer (Baukondukteur) in the civil service. His main responsibility was for hydraulic engineering and water management. In 1822 he took the state examination in
31:
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in Berlin. Hagen was unusual in stressing the mathematical and theoretical aspects of hydraulic engineering. In particular he was interested in using probability calculus for land surveying and this interest led to his contributions to probability theory. In a letter to Bessel dated 2 August 1836
357:
In 1869 he was made senior national building director (Oberlandesbaudirektor). This role involved responsibility for large water and harbor works in
Prussia and other German States. He held this post until his retirement in 1875.
218:
In 1830 Hagen joined the supreme building authority (Oberbaudeputation) in Berlin and became chief government building surveyor (Oberbaurat) in 1831. From 1834 to 1849 he taught as a professor of hydraulic engineering at the
189:
In 1824 he was appointed director of building (Baukondukteur) by the mercantile community in Königsberg and in 1825 he became deputy governmental building officer (stellvertretender
Regierungs- und Baurat) for
342:
In 1866 Hagen was promoted to chief director (Oberbaudirektor) in the
Department of Hydraulic Engineering and chair (Vorsitzenden) of the section of public works in the Ministry of Trade (Baudeputation).
416:
in 2007. A sculpture in honor of
Gotthilf Hagen was placed in the square. It was created by the artist Hartmut Wiesner. In 1959 a pilot station ship, the "Gotthilf Hagen" was named after him
147:) to Friedrich Ludwig Hagen and Helene Charlotte Albertine Hagen. His father was a government official and his mother was the daughter of Christian Reccard, professor of Theology at
228:
Hagen presented his hypothesis of elementary errors and deduced a
Gaussian distribution for observational errors. This idea was further developed in a book published in 1837
186:
to qualify as a master builder (Baumeister). He became known through his publications about various hydraulic constructions which he had visited during travels in Europe.
205:
On 27 April 1827 he married his niece
Auguste Hagen (1806–1884), with whom he had two daughters and five sons. His son Ludwig Hagen also became a notable civil engineer.
316:
Hagen played a decisive role in planning the development of numerous German rivers and harbors. The
Prussian Admiralty appointed him to supervise the planning of
789:
G. H. L. Hagen, Bericht ̈uber die zur
Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Koniglich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin. 1852: 35–42.
920:
310:
275:
that a value of 4.0 be assumed. This relationship was also discovered independently at around the same time by the French physicist and physiologist
202:, where he was responsible for the harbor and dyke construction. Methods he developed are still relevant to current harbor management in the region.
302:
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In 1872 suffered an accident on a business trip and was unable to walk in the subsequent period. Hagen died in 1884, his tomb is located on the
940:
306:
935:
385:. In 1881 he was made a Freeman of Pillau On 2 May 1883 he was awarded a gold medal for extraordinary services to the construction industry.
232:(“Foundations of Probability Calculus with Special Application to the Operations of Land Surveying”) which applied probability theory and
930:
320:
in 1855. Hagen took leave from his post in the
Ministry of Trade and became chair of the Commission for the port construction in the
905:
224:
625:Žaromskis, Rimas. Impact of harbour moles and access channels on the South-East Baltic shore zone Geografija 2007; 43(1): 12–20.
895:
925:
447:
Der
Baudirektor Gotthilf Hagen zu Königsberg und Berlin. Zum 200. Geburtstag des Urhebers des Hagen-Poiseuille´schen Gesetzes.
863:
649:
236:
techniques to construction and surveying and deduced an error law that was not based on inverse probability arguments.
915:
678:
244:
In 1839 Hagen undertook careful experiments in brass tubes that enabled him to discover the relationship between the
799:
Tighe, Brian P.; Sperl, Matthias (2007). "Pressure and motion of dry sand: translation of Hagen's paper from 1852".
486:
276:
910:
433:
280:
96:
900:
374:
148:
549:
Die neueren Theorien der Bewegung des strömenden Wassers. Über die Bewegung des Wassers in Strömen 1868
458:
Franz Ernst Neumann (1798-1895). Zum 200. Geburtstag des Mathematikers, Physikers und Kristallographen.
230:
Grundzüge der Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung mit besonderer Anwendung auf die Operationen der Feldmeßkunst
208:
152:
522:
Beschreibung neuerer Wasserbauwerke in Deutschland, Frankreich, den Niederlanden und der Schweiz 1826
212:
604:
Eckhard M.S. Hitzer. Early works on the Hagen-Poiseuille flow. Mem Fac Eng Fukui Univ 2001; 49(1):45
581:
Schroeder, Ralph, "Hagen, Gotthilf Heinrich Ludwig" in: New German Biography 7 (1966), p 472 ; URL:
491:
301:: saturation of pressure with depth in a confined static granular system - generally known as the
179:
59:
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In 1852 Hagen published a notable paper that described and explained two fundamental aspects of
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drop (ΔP) and radius (R) of a tube corresponding to ΔP ∝ 1/R, but suggested in view of possible
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Verlag Terra Baltica, Kaliningrad / Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München 2005, S. 196–219
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198:). A year later he transferred to become harbor building inspector (Hafenbauinspektor) in
8:
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in high school and he went on to study at the University of Königsberg where his uncle,
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332:
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667:"The Meaning of Precision: The Exact Sensibility in Early Nineteenth-Century Germany"
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593:
298:
838:
468:
The Meaning of Precision: The Exact Sensibility in Early Nineteenth-Century Germany.
818:
762:
715:
641:
A History of the Central Limit Theorem: From Classical to Modern Probability Theory
346:
853:
666:
639:
616:
Willi Hager, Hydraulicians in Europe 1800-2000, Volume 2, CRC Press, 21 Mar 2014.
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112:
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305:; and the dynamics of granular flow out of a container – sometimes called the
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132:
55:
540:Über den Einfluß der Temperatur auf die Bewegung des Wassers in Röhren 1854
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The German pilot vessel Gotthilf Hagen in the fishing port of Bremerhaven
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156:
140:
120:
813:
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Grundzüge der Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung (published in 3 Editions) 1837
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In 1849 he was appointed as an expert adviser (Sachverständiger) to the
321:
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Tomb of Gotthilf Hagen and his wife Auguste on the Invalidenfriedhof,
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and in 1850 was appointed expert councillor (Vortragenden Rat) in the
264:
257:
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695:
495:(in German), vol. 7, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, p. 472
195:
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Geschwindigkeit des strömenden Wassers in verschiedenen Tiefen 1883
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268:
249:
291:
164:
30:
531:Über die Bewegung des Wassers in engen zylindrischen Röhren 1839
454:
Gotthilf Hagen (1797–1884) – der Reformator der Wasserbaukunst.
394:
351:
260:
199:
191:
183:
144:
77:
696:"Ueber die Bewegung des Wassers in engen cylindrischen Röhren"
525:
Untersuchungen über den Druck und die Reibung des Sandes 1833
381:. In 1843 Hagen received an honorary doctorate from the
474:
Princeton University Press, Princeton 1994, S. 103-134
449:
In: Königsberger Bürgerbrief 49 (1997), S. 38–41
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On 7 April 1842 Hagen was elected as a member of the
327:
In 1863 Hagen published his encyclopaedic manual on
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http://www.deutsche-biographie.de/ppn118719874.html
365:, Scharnhorststraße near the main railway station.
408:Detailed view of the monument to Hagen in Baltijsk
851:
479:Gotthilf Hagen: Der Altmeister der Wasserbaukunst
393:After his death a monument to Hagen was built in
877:
155:councillor and astronomer. He showed promise in
734:
534:Handbuch der Wasserbaukunst (3 Parts) 1841-1863
213:United Artillery and Engineering School, Berlin
792:
484:
107:(3 March 1797 – 3 February 1884) was a German
633:
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174:In 1816 Hagen began studying mathematics and
740:
637:
401:and is now maintained by the Russian Navy.
335:and served for decades as the guideline for
331:. This represented the state of the art for
239:
921:Members of the Prussian Academy of Sciences
855:History and Heritage of Coastal Engineering
577:
575:
573:
571:
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798:
658:
628:
537:Über die Oberfläche der Flüssigkeiten 1845
452:E. Neumann-Redlin von Meding, A. Klemens:
388:
29:
845:
812:
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644:. Springer Science & Business Media.
481:. Verlag Wilh. Ernst u. Sohn, Berlin 1934
412:Gotthilf Hagen square was inaugurated in
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612:
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225:United Artillery and Engineering School
946:Scientists from the Kingdom of Prussia
878:
664:
941:Engineers from the Kingdom of Prussia
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543:Über Flut und Ebbe in der Ostsee 1857
368:
852:Nicholas C. Kraus (1 January 1996).
607:
512:, Nr. 14/April 2009, Anhang, S. 1–33
111:who made important contributions to
768:10.1146/annurev.fl.25.010193.000245
13:
552:Über den Seitendruck der Erde 1871
456:In: Rudolf Fritsch u. a. (Hrsg.):
439:
377:, Berlin on the recommendation of
375:Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences
279:and is therefore now known as the
14:
957:
936:Burials at the Invalids' Cemetery
743:"The History of Poiseuille's Law"
546:Zur Theorie der Meereswellen 1859
487:"Hagen, Gotthilf Heinrich Ludwig"
747:Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics
126:
931:University of Königsberg alumni
783:
741:Sutera, S P; Skalak, R (1993).
638:Hans Fischer (8 October 2010).
516:
397:. The monument is currently in
263:. Hagen observed an empirical
906:19th-century German physicists
673:. Princeton University Press.
619:
598:
587:
445:E. Neumann-Redlin von Meding:
105:Gotthilf Heinrich Ludwig Hagen
42:Gotthilf Heinrich Ludwig Hagen
1:
896:19th-century German engineers
700:Annalen der Physik und Chemie
559:
7:
665:Olesko, Kathryn M. (1994).
427:
288:Frankfurt National Assembly
10:
962:
926:Scientists from Königsberg
506:Gotthilf Hagen (1797-1884)
823:10.1007/s10035-006-0027-x
434:Hagen–Poiseuille equation
281:Hagen–Poiseuille equation
267:relationship between the
240:Hagen–Poiseuille equation
97:Hagen–Poiseuille equation
88:
66:
37:
28:
21:
916:German fluid dynamicists
720:10.1002/andp.18391220304
671:The Meaning of Precision
492:Neue Deutsche Biographie
472:The Values of Precision.
363:Invalidenfriedhof Berlin
309:- the foundation of the
180:Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel
149:University of Königsberg
504:Hans-Joachim Uhlemann:
485:Ralph Schröder (1966),
389:Monuments and memorials
294:Ministry of Commerce.
470:In: M. N. Wise (Ed.):
424:
409:
379:Alexander von Humboldt
354:
215:
858:. ASCE Publications.
422:
407:
349:
329:hydraulic engineering
283:or Poiseuille's law.
211:
117:hydraulic engineering
911:German statisticians
252:under conditions of
161:Karl Gottfried Hagen
901:Hydraulic engineers
759:1993AnRFM..25....1S
712:1839AnP...122..423H
337:coastal engineering
694:Hagen, G. (1839).
425:
410:
383:University of Bonn
369:Honours and awards
355:
333:coastal protection
273:measurement errors
216:
131:Hagen was born in
865:978-0-7844-7414-3
651:978-0-387-87857-7
594:de:Gotthilf Hagen
510:DWhG-Mitteilungen
464:Kathryn M. Olesko
299:granular material
163:was professor of
102:
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807:(3–4): 141–144.
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499:full text online
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311:hourglass theory
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33:
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16:German physicist
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814:physics/0610201
801:Granular Matter
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477:Ernst Ottmann:
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440:Further reading
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277:Jean Poiseuille
256:of homogeneous
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70:3 February 1884
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303:Janssen effect
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113:fluid dynamics
109:civil engineer
100:
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89:Known for
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76:
74:(aged 86)
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23:Gotthilf Hagen
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248:and the tube
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234:least squares
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127:Life and work
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82:German Empire
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589:
517:Publications
509:
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497:; (
490:
478:
471:
467:
457:
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446:
411:
392:
372:
360:
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341:
339:in Germany.
326:
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307:Beverloo law
296:
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254:laminar flow
243:
229:
217:
204:
188:
173:
153:consistorial
137:East Prussia
130:
104:
103:
93:Hagen number
72:(1884-02-03)
60:East Prussia
52:3 March 1797
891:1884 deaths
886:1797 births
753:(1): 1–20.
221:Bauakademie
157:mathematics
141:Kaliningrad
121:probability
880:Categories
560:References
322:Jade Bight
133:Königsberg
56:Königsberg
48:1797-03-03
831:1434-5021
777:0066-4189
728:0003-3804
265:power law
176:astronomy
169:chemistry
839:16398110
428:See also
399:Baltijsk
292:Prussian
269:pressure
250:diameter
223:and the
123:theory.
755:Bibcode
708:Bibcode
261:liquids
258:viscous
165:physics
862:
837:
829:
775:
726:
677:
648:
508:, in:
395:Pillau
352:Berlin
200:Pillau
196:Gdańsk
192:Danzig
184:Berlin
145:Russia
78:Berlin
835:S2CID
809:arXiv
178:with
860:ISBN
827:ISSN
773:ISSN
724:ISSN
675:ISBN
646:ISBN
167:and
119:and
67:Died
38:Born
819:doi
763:doi
716:doi
704:122
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46:(
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