328:
56:
422:. According to the chronicle, Óláfr had been confronted by three Dublin-based nephews—the Haraldssonar—the sons of his exiled brother, Haraldr. After hearing the demands of these men—that half of the kingdom should be handed over to them—a formal council was convened in which one of the Haraldssonar slew Óláfr himself. In the resulting aftermath, the chronicle relates that the Haraldssonar partitioned the island amongst themselves. Whether the men attained any form of authority in the rest of the Isles is unknown. Once in control, the chronicle reveals that the men fortified themselves against forces loyal to Guðrøðr, the kingdom's legitimate heir, by launching a preemptive strike against his maternal grandfather, Fergus. Although the invasion of Galloway was repulsed with heavy casualties, once the Haraldssonar returned to Mann the chronicle records that they slaughtered and expelled all resident
324:. Several contemporary sources concerning Fergus' descendants suggest that he was married to an illegitimate daughter of Henry I, and that this woman was the mother of at least some of his offspring, including Affraic herself. Although the union between Guðrøðr's parents is not dated in contemporary sources, it appears to have been arranged in the 1130s or 1140s. The marital alliance forged between Óláfr and Fergus gave the Crovan dynasty valuable familial-connections with the English Crown, one of the most powerful monarchies in western Europe. As for Fergus, the union bound Galloway more tightly to a neighbouring kingdom from which an invasion had been launched during the overlordsship of Magnús. The alliance with Óláfr also ensured Fergus the protection of one of Britain's most formidable fleets, and further gave him a valuable ally outside the orbit of the Scottish Crown.
1235:
1273:
703:
565:
602:
1458:
651:
1619:
uncertain if the chronicle has preserved an accurate account of events, as the
Islesmen are stated to have chosen Rǫgnvaldr to rule instead, because unlike Óláfr svarti, who was only a child at the time, Rǫgnvaldr was a hardy young man fully capable to reign as king. One possibility is that Guðrøðr may have intended for Rǫgnvaldr to temporarily rule as a lieutenant of sorts until Óláfr svarti was able to hold sway himself. Although Rǫgnvaldr appears to have later forged an alliance with the Meic Somairle, and may have temporarily reunited the entire Kingdom of the Isles under his own leadership, he was later opposed by Óláfr svarti, and the ensuing violent conflict between Guðrøðr's descendants carried on to further generations.
1087:
1513:. Robert's account of the meeting indicates that the kings of the Isles were obligated to render tribute to newly crowned kings of Norway. It is possible that Reginald followed Guðrøðr into exile after the latter's defeat to Somairle. Reginald's successor was Christian, an Argyllman who appears to have been appointed by Somairle or his sons. The fact that Christian did not receive acknowledgement from the Archbishop of Niðaróss could be evidence that Reginald remained in Norway. The apparent antipathy between Guðrøðr and Christian may be evidenced by the fact that it was Silvan, Abbot of Rievaulx—and not Christian—who conducted the marriage ceremony of Guðrøðr and Findguala during Vivian's visit in 1176/1177.
1454:—encompassed eleven dioceses in and outside mainland Norway. One such overseas diocese was that of the Isles, officially incorporated within the province in November 1154. Although Óláfr did not live long enough to witness the latter formality, it is evident that the remarkable overseas statecraft undertaken by Óláfr and Guðrøðr secured their kingdom's ecclesiastical and secular independence from nearby Dublin. The establishment of the Norwegian archdiocese bound outlying Norse territories closer to Norwegian royal power. In effect, the political reality of the Diocese of the Isles—its territorial borders and nominal subjection to far-off Norway—appears to have mirrored that of the Kingdom of the Isles.
272:
1489:
1426:
1204:. Guðrøðr's close relations with the English Crown may have revolved around ensuring royal protection from the English invaders of Ireland–especially considering his former control of Dublin. With the defeat of the Dubliners at the hands of English adventurers, and the ongoing entrenchment of the English throughout Ireland itself, the Crovan dynasty found itself surrounded by a threatening, rising new power in the Irish Sea zone. Despite his original opposition to the English in Dublin, Guðrøðr did not take long to realign himself with this new power, as exemplified through the marital alliance between his daughter,
1043:
485:
2701:. Ingibjǫrg was in turn a maternal granddaughter of Moddan, an eminent Caithnessman who had a son named Óttar. The fact that Moddan had a son so-named could be evidence that Moddan's wife was related to Þorfinnr's family (since Þorfinnr's father was a man named Óttar as well). If all these possibilities are correct, it is conceivable that a familial relationship such as this could have played a part in Þorfinnr's allegiance to Somairle. There may have been another factor contributing to animosity between Þorfinnr and Guðrøðr. For example, it is possible that Þorfinnr was related to
453:, suggests that Fergus may have struggled to maintain control of his lordship by the mid 1150s, and may also explain his failure to come to Guðrøðr's aid following Óláfr's death. Óláfr and Guðrøðr's turn to Ingi occurred at about the same time that Norwegian encroachment superseded roughly thirty years of Scottish influence in Orkney and Caithness, and could be evidence of a perceived wane in Scottish royal authority in the first years of the 1150s. In November 1153, following the death of David, Somairle seized the initiative and rose in revolt against the recently inaugurated
731:
627:. According to the chronicle, Somairle's fleet numbered eighty ships, and when the fighting concluded, the feuding brothers-in-law divided the Kingdom of the Isles between themselves. Although the precise partitioning is unrecorded and uncertain, the allotment of lands seemingly held by Somairle's descendants in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries could be evidence that he and his son gained the southernmost islands of the Hebrides, whilst Guðrøðr retained the northernmost. Two years later the chronicle reveals that Somairle, with a fleet of fifty-three ships,
15681:
727:, and Somairle came into the king's peace. Although the concordat between the Scottish Crown and Somairle may have taken place after the Malcolm's subjugation of Somairle and Fergus, an alternate possibility is that the agreement was concluded in the context of Somairle having aided the Scots in their overthrow of Fergus. Somairle's deal with Scottish Crown may also have been undertaken not only in an effort to ensure that his own authority in the Isles was recognised by Malcolm, but to limit any chance of Guðrøðr receiving future royal support from the Scots.
1357:
238:
itself, the territories ceded to
Somairle in 1156 were retained by the latter's descendants. At some point in his career, Guðrøðr briefly held the kingship of Dublin. Although he was initially successful in fending off Muirchertach, the Dubliners eventually settled with the latter, and Guðrøðr returned to the Isles. This episode may have bearing on Guðrøðr's marriage to Findguala ingen Néill, Muirchertach's granddaughter. In 1170, Dublin fell to an Anglo-Irish alliance. The following year the ousted King of Dublin attempted to retake the town, and
642:
either
Dubgall or Somairle became King of the Isles. Although the young Dubgall may well have been the nominal monarch, the chronicle makes it clear that it was Somairle who possessed the real power. Certainly, Irish sources regarded Somairle as king by the end of his career. The reason why the Islesmen specifically sought Dubgall as their ruler instead of Somairle is unknown. Evidently, Somairle was somehow an unacceptable candidate, and it is possible that Ragnhildr's royal ancestry lent credibility to Dubgall that Somairle lacked himself.
1162:
905:
1029:, was a relation of Somairle himself. If Muirchertach and Somairle were indeed allied at this point in time it may have meant that Guðrøðr faced a united front of opposition. If correct, it could also be possible that Þorfinnr participated in Somairle's insurrection as an agent of Muirchertach. On the other hand, the fact that Somairle and Muirchertach jostled over ecclesiastical affairs in the 1160s suggests that these two were in fact rivals. Furthermore, the fact that Þorfinnr may have been related to a previous
813:
1522:
994:
374:
203:. Throughout his career, Guðrøðr battled rival claimants to the throne, permanently losing about half of his realm to a rival dynasty in the process. Although dethroned for nearly a decade, Guðrøðr clawed his way back to regain control of a partitioned kingdom, and proceeded to project power into Ireland. Although originally opposed to the English invasion of Ireland, Guðrøðr adeptly recognised the English ascendancy in the Irish Sea region and aligned himself with the English. All later kings of the
471:
857:
845:, of Somairle's forces being drawn from Argyll, Kintyre, Dublin, and the Isles, reveals the climax of Somairle's authority and further confirms his usurpation of power from Guðrøðr. Despite the record preserved by the Icelandic annals—that Guðrøðr regained the kingship of the Isles in 1160—it appears that Guðrøðr made his actual return to the region after Somairle's fall. Although it is possible that Dubgall was able to secure power following his father's demise, it is evident from the
427:
military support, and was unanimously acclaimed as king by the leading
Islesmen. He is then stated to have continued on to Mann where he overcame his three kin-slaying cousins, putting one to death whilst blinding the other two, and successfully secured the kingship for himself. Whether Guðrøðr succeeded to the throne in 1153 or 1154 is uncertain. The chronicle itself states that he overcame the Haraldssonar in the autumn following their coup.
1013:. The precise date when Guðrøðr and Findguala commenced their liaison is unknown, and the two could have been a couple for some time before their formal marriage. It is possible that the union was originally brokered as a compromise on Muirchertach's part, as a means to placate Guðrøðr for withdrawing from Dublin. The demonstrable unreliability of the chronicle's chronology, and the apparent corroboration of events by the
1264:
interest with the Meic
Lochlainn, situated on his left flank. John would have almost certainly attempted to use such alignments to his advantage, whilst Guðrøðr may have used John's campaigning against the Ulaid as a means of settling old scores. The marriage alliance between Guðrøðr and John partly exemplifies the effect that the English conquest of Ireland had upon not only Irish politics but that of the Isles as well.
2705:, an Islesmen who had attained the kingship of Dublin in 1142. This act may well have represented a threat to the authority of Guðrøðr's father, and the prospects of Guðrøðr himself. Certainly, the kin-slaying Haraldssonar who slew Óláfr a decade after Ottar's accession were raised in Dublin. Enmity between Þorfinnr and Guðrøðr, therefore, could have been a continuation of hostilities between their respective families.
1021:, suggests that the Guðrøðr's adventure in Dublin date to about 1162. Such a date, however, appears to contradict the fact that Guðrøðr seems to have endured Norwegian exile in 1160/1161, and apparently only returned to the Isles in 1164. If the chronicle's date is indeed correct, Guðrøðr's inability to incorporate Dublin into the Kingdom of the Isles could well have contributed to his loss of status to Somairle.
15448:
431:
1223:), drove off Ruaidrí Mac Duinn Sléibe, King of Ulaid, consolidated his conquest, and ruled with a certain amount of independence for about a quarter of a century. Although the precise date of the marriage between John and Affrica is unknown, the union itself may well have attributed to his stunning successes in Ireland. Certainly, decades later in the reign of Guðrøðr's son and successor,
853:, before the end of the year. Almost immediately afterwards, Guðrøðr is said by the same source to have arrived on Mann, ruthlessly overpowered his brother, having him mutilated and blinded. Guðrøðr thereafter regained the kingship, and the realm was divided between the Crovan dynasty and the Meic Somairle, in a partitioning that stemmed from Somairle's strike against Guðrøðr in 1156.
792:, who had been elected to the kingship within the year. In regard to Guðrøðr himself, the saga relates that during this final battle against Hákon, Guðrøðr, at the head of one thousand, five hundred men, went over to Hákon's side. Guðrøðr's decision to abandon his embattled overlord tipped the scales in favour of Hákon, and directly contributed to Ingi's defeat and death. The young
1477:. This bishop, an Englishman named Gamaliel, may have been consecrated between October 1154 and early 1155, possibly before news of the diocesesan realignment reached the Isles. Although it is possible that Gamaliel was consecrated without Guðrøðr's approval, the bishop appears to have witnessed at least one of the latter's charters. The fact that Gamaliel was buried in
921:, the Dubliners invited Guðrøðr to rule over them as king in the third year of his reign in the Isles. If correct, such an arrangement would have almost certainly provoked Muirchertach, the Dubliners' Irish overlord. In fact, the chronicle reveals that Muirchertach indeed took exception to such overtures, and marched on Dublin with a massive host before forming up at "
2851:, a woman who seems to have borne a Gaelic name. Eysteinn was eventually recognised as Haraldr gilli's son, and it is conceivable that Eysteinn and Bjaðǫk had powerful relatives who backed their claims. In regard to Guðrøðr, it is possible that his cooperation with Ingi was undertaken in the context of avoiding having to deal with Eysteinn and his seemingly
1149:". Although the operation was one of the greatest military mobilisations that the Irish mustered in the twelfth century, the blockade was ultimately a failure, and Dublin remained firmly in the hands of the English. Ascall was the last Norse-Gaelic King of Dublin; and before the end of the year, Clare relinquished possession of Dublin to his own liege lord,
1251:
the Crovan dynasty was actually the catalyst of his assault upon the Ulaid. In fact, Guðrøðr formalised his own marriage to
Findguala in 1176/1177, and it was by this union that Guðrøðr bound his own dynasty with the Meic Lochlainn, another traditional foe of the Ulaid. Another contributing factor to the alliance between Guðrøðr and John may have been the
699:. The fact that the Scottish Crown had faced opposition from Somairle in 1153 could suggest that Malcolm was sympathetic to Guðrøðr's plight. Although the latter was certainly honourably treated by the Scots, as revealed by his prominent place amongst the charter's other witnesses, he was evidently unable to secure military support against Somairle.
557:, and "the territories of Scotland". This record appears to be evidence that Guðrøðr, Fergus, and perhaps Somairle, provided ships to Muirchertach's cause. Although Toirrdelbach's forces obtained a narrow victory, his northern maritime power seems to have been virtually nullified by the severity of the contest, and Muirchertach soon after marched on
1554:
Vivian's part in the marriage ceremony of Guðrøðr and
Findguala may be evidence of an attempt by the papal representative to personally reinforce a stricter rule of marriage in the region. In any case, there may be evidence to suggest that Guðrøðr had another son, Ruaidrí, who appears in a royal charter recorded as Rǫgnvaldr's brother ("
218:. When Óláfr was assassinated by rival members of the Crovan dynasty in 1153, Guðrøðr returned to the Isles, overthrew his usurping cousins, and seized the throne for himself. Guðrøðr evidently pursued a more aggressive policy than his father, and the following year appears to have lent military assistance to
2580:. Evidence of Guðrøðr's seal stems from his 1154 charter of confirmation to Furness, which states: "in order that this licence... may be firmly observed in my kingdom, I have strengthened it by the authority of my seal affixed to the present charter". No seal used by a member of the dynasty survives today.
892:, Guðrøðr's English ally and son-in-law. Although the chronicle specifically dates Ragnall's invasion to 1172, the chronological placement of the passage positions it between events dating to 1176 and 1183. This could indicate that the incursion took place in the immediate aftermath of John's conquest of
598:, as a replacement to Guðrøðr's rule. Somairle's stratagem does not appear to have received unanimous support, however, as the chronicle specifies that the leading Islesmen were made to render pledges and surrender hostages unto him, and that one such chieftain alerted Guðrøðr of Somairle's treachery.
1250:
Although the promise of maritime military support could well have motivated John to align himself with Guðrøðr, there may have been a more significant aspect to their alliance. The rulers of Ulaid and those of Mann had a bitter past-history between them, and it is possible that the binding of John to
718:
It is uncertain why Guðrøðr did not turn to his grandfather, Fergus, for aid. One possibility is that the defeat of the
Gallovidian fleet in 1154 severely weakened the latter's position in Galloway. In fact, there is evidence to suggest that Galloway endured a bitter power struggle later that decade.
426:
that they could find. This ruthless reaction evidently reveals an attempt to uproot local factions adhering to Guðrøðr and his mother. Within months of his father's assassination, Guðrøðr executed his vengeance. According to the chronicle, he journeyed from Norway to Orkney, strengthened by
Norwegian
448:
Guðrøðr's reliance upon
Norwegian assistance, instead of support from his maternal-grandfather, could suggest that the attack upon Galloway was more successful than the compiler of the chronicle cared to admit. Additionally, the account of incessant inter-dynastic strife amongst the ruling family of
1380:
seems to have been severed during a period of Irish overlordship of Dublin, at about the beginning of Guðrøðr Crovan's reign in the Isles. Before the midpoint of the twelfth century, Óláfr firmly established the Diocese of the Isles to correspond to the territorial borders of his kingdom, and seems
1139:
sent for Guðrøðr, and others in the Isles, asking them to blockade Dublin by sea. Whilst it is possible that Guðrøðr may have been enticed to assist the Irish through the promise of financial compensation, and perhaps the possession of any vessel his fleet captured in the operation, there is reason
864:
In an entry dated 1172, the chronicle states that Mann was invaded by a certain Ragnall mac Echmarcacha, a man who slaughtered a force of Manx coast-watchers before being slain himself in a later engagement on the island. Although the chronicle claims that Ragnall was of "royal stock", his identity
767:
allege that Guðrøðr assumed the kingship of the Isles in 1160 could be evidence that, whilst in Norway, Ingi formally recognised Guðrøðr as king in a public ceremony. There is reason to suspect that Guðrøðr's support of Ingi may have been undertaken in the context of fulfilling military obligations
641:
had connections in the Isles, and overcame Somairle in battle at some point in the twelfth century. Although this source's account of Sveinn and Somairle is clearly somewhat garbled, it could be evidence that Sveinn aided Guðrøðr in his struggle against Somairle. With Guðrøðr gone, it appears that
1504:
The next known bishop was Reginald, a Norwegian who witnessed the bitter struggles between Guðrøðr and Somairle, and who seems to have died in about 1170. It is possible that Reginald was consecrated in Norway in 1153/1154, and that the York-backed Gamaliel was compelled to resign the see to him.
1413:
of the Isles appears to have been vacant at the same time of Dublin's ecclesiastical ascendancy. In consequence, without a consecrated bishop of its own, Óláfr's diocese seems to have been in jeopardy of falling under Dublin's increasing authority. Moreover, in 1152, David I attempted to have the
2634:
At one point, after noting this 1156 segmentation, the chronicle laments the "downfall" of the Kingdom of the Isles from the time Somairle's sons "took possession of it". One possibility is that this statement is evidence that members of the Meic Somairle held a share of the kingdom before their
1033:
could reveal that Þorfinnr himself was opposed to Muirchertach's foreign overlordship. If Guðrøðr's difficulties in Dublin indeed date to a period just before Somairle's coup, the cooperation of men like Þorfinnr could be evidence that Dubgall—on account of his mother's ancestry and his father's
2842:
Nicholas Breakspeare, an Englishman who became Pope Adrian IV in 1154, was instrumental in the foundation of the new archdiocese. He apparently favoured Ingi as king over the latter's sibling co-rulers, Sigurðr and Eysteinn. Guðrøðr's 1152/1153 stay in Scandinavia appears to have coincided with
1553:
of Guðrøðr. As for Ívarr, nothing further is recorded of him, although it is possible that his mother was also the product of an uncanonical liaison. During the twelfth century, the Church sought to emphasise the sanctity of marriage, and took steps to combat concubinage. As such, the record of
1263:
dynast Áed Méith in 1177. The latter certainly clashed with John before the end of the century, and the strife between the Uí Néill and Meic Lochlainn continued on for decades. In any case, the unions meant that John was protected on his right flank by Guðrøðr, through whom John shared a common
237:
before journeying to Norway. In about 1161, Guðrøðr distinguished himself in the ongoing Norwegian civil wars at the final downfall of Ingi. Guðrøðr made his return to the Isles in 1164, in the aftermath of Somairle's defeat and death at the hands of the Scots. Although he regained the kingship
2575:
The inscription of the vessel may date to about the time of the Crovan dynasty, possibly from about the eleventh- to the thirteenth century. The vessel appears to be similar to those that appear on seals borne by members of the dynasty. Members of the dynasty known to have borne seals include:
1618:
in the Isles. For example, this episode appears to be the earliest record of a ruling member of the Crovan dynasty designating a royal successor. If so, such an arrangement may have been borne out of Guðrøðr's own bitter difficulties with rival claimants to the throne. On the other hand, it is
397:
portrays Óláfr's reign as one of tranquillity, a more accurate evaluation of his reign may be that he adeptly managed to navigate an uncertain political climate. By the mid-part of the twelfth century, however, the ageing king's realm may well have begun to buckle under the strain, as perhaps
1066:
and Diarmait. The latter had possessed the overlordship of Dublin since Muirchertach's actions there in 1162. Within the same year as Muirchertach's fall, however, Diarmait was overcome by Ruaidrí and his allies, and forced him from Ireland altogether. Although Ruaidrí thereupon gained the
1292:
There is reason to regard Óláfr, like his Scottish counterpart David, as a reforming monarch. Guðrøðr continued Óláfr's modernising policies, as evidenced by surviving sources documenting the ecclesiastical history of the Isles. For example, Guðrøðr confirmed his father's charter to the
1024:
There may be reason to suspect that Guðrøðr's defeat to Somairle was partly enabled by an alliance between Muirchertach and Somairle. For example, Argyllmen formed part of the mercenary fleet utilised by Muirchertach in 1154, and it is possible that the commander of the fleet, a certain
723:, Malcolm overcame certain "confederate enemies" in Galloway in 1160. Although the exact identities of these opponents are unknown, it is possible that this source documents a Scottish victory over an alliance between Somairle and Fergus. Before the end of the year, Fergus retired to
457:. The dynastic-challenges faced by Malcolm, and the ebb of Scottish influence in the Isles, may partly account for Guðrøðr's success in consolidating control of the kingdom, and may be perceptible in the seemingly more aggressive policy he pursued as king in comparison to his father.
1505:
Reginald is the first Bishop of the Isles to be attested by the Icelandic annals, which could indicate that he was the first such bishop to recognise the authority of Niðaróss. Either Gamaliel or Reginald could have been the unnamed Bishop of the Isles who is stated by Robert's
226:, whose son, as a grandson of Óláfr, possessed a claim to the throne. Late in 1156, Guðrøðr and Somairle fought an inconclusive sea-battle and partitioned the kingdom of the Isles between them. Two years later Somairle struck again and forced Guðrøðr from the Isles altogether.
1609:
in this building's architecture indicate that it dates to about the mid twelfth century. The chapel could well have been erected by Óláfr or Guðrøðr. Certainly, their family's remarkable ecclesiastical activities during this period suggest that patronage of Iona is probable.
1613:
Upon Guðrøðr's death the chronicle claims that he left instructions for his younger son, Óláfr svarti, to succeed to the kingship since he had been born "in lawful wedlock". On one hand, this record could be evidence that Guðrøðr continued to advance the institution of
15556:
1. Either Somairle or Dubgall gained the kingship from Guðrøðr in 1156. Whilst it is possible that Dubgall was the nominal monarch, it is evident that the real power was possessed by Somairle, and Irish sources certainly regarded the latter as king later in his
1144:
states that "the threat of English domination, inspired by the successes of the English, made the men of the Isles act all the more quickly, and with the wind in the north-west they immediately sailed about thirty ships full of warriors into the harbour of the
865:
is otherwise uncertain. One possibility is that this man's final adventure was somehow related to the dramatic fall of Norse-Gaelic Dublin in the preceding years. He could have possessed a connection with the former rulers of the town, as a distant relative of
1545:. Although the chronicle specifically states that Findguala was Óláfr svarti's mother, and that he had been born before his parents' formalised marriage, the mothers of the other three children are unknown or uncertain. According to the anonymous praise-poem
989:
plundered Dublin and gained dominance over the inhabitants. The payment reveals that the Dubliners recognised Diarmait's overlord, Muirchertach, as their own overlord, which in turn suggests that the price for peace was Guðrøðr's removal from the kingship.
929:". Whilst in control of Dublin, Guðrøðr and the defending Dubliners are stated to have repulsed a force of three thousand horsemen under the command of a certain Osiblen. After the latter's fall, Muirchertach and his remaining host retired from the region.
2843:
Eysteinn's absence from the region, when the latter was occupied in predatory campaigns in Orkney, Scotland, and England. Eysteinn may have had Hebridean connections since saga evidence reveals that he first appeared in Norway claiming to be a son of
2565:
According to the chronicle, Haraldr had been castrated by at some point in the late 1090s. If correct, it would seem that the Haraldssonar were at least in their fifties when they confronted their uncle, a man who must have been at least in his late
1116:. If so, this source would appear to be evidence that the Dubliners had retained close links with the Isles. Whatever the case, within weeks of Diarmait's death early in May 1171, Ascall made his return to Dublin. The account of events recorded by
2661:
Ascall was a member of the Meic Torcaill. If Ragnall was indeed a member of this family, his name could indicate that he was a son of Echmarcach Mac Torcaill, a man who—along with his brother Aralt—witnessed a charter of Diarmait between 1162 and
299:, appears to have succeeded to the kingship, he was soon forced to contend with factions supporting his younger brothers: Haraldr, and Óláfr. Although he successfully dealt with Haraldr, foreign powers from Ireland intruded into the Isles, and
414:, the kings of the Isles owed the kings of Norway a tribute of ten gold marks upon the accession of a new Norwegian king. This statement could indicate that Guðrøðr rendered Ingi such a payment upon his visit to the Norwegian court in 1152.
690:
coast, as well as Guðrøðr's own familial links with the king himself, may account for the Guðrøðr's attempts to secure English assistance. In any case, Guðrøðr was unable to gain Henry II's help, and the latter proceeded to busy himself in
242:
attempted to dislodge the English from Dublin. In both cases, Guðrøðr appears to have provided military assistance against the English. In succeeding years, however, Guðrøðr aligned himself with one of the most powerful English conquerors,
1126:
indicate that Ascall's forces consisted of heavily armoured Islesmen and Norwegians. The invasion itself was an utter failure, however, and Ascall himself was captured and executed. Amongst the slain appears to have been Sveinn himself.
2893:
The fact the poem also describes Rǫgnvaldr as a descendant of "Lochlann of the ships", Conn, and Cormac,—all apparent members of the Uí Néill—could indicate that Guðrøðr's apparent marriage to Sadb represents an earlier alliance with
980:
to campaign against the Dubliners. In time, the source states that a peace was concluded between the Irish and the Dubliners in which the latter rendered a tribute of one hundred forty ounces of gold to Muirchertach. According to the
916:
For a brief duration of his career, Guðrøðr appears to have possessed the kingship of Dublin. The chronology of his rule is unclear, however, as surviving sources concerning this episode are somewhat contradictory. According to the
361:, Óláfr's daughter. There is reason to suspect that the alliance was an after effect of the Scottish Crown's advancing overlordship. The marriage itself had severe repercussions on the later history of the Isles, as it gave the
1437:
It may have been in the context of this ecclesiastical crisis in the Isles that Guðrøðr undertook his journey to Norway in 1152. Guðrøðr's overseas objective, therefore, may have been to secure the patronage of a Scandinavian
417:
The following year marked a watershed in the history for the Kingdom of the Isles. For not only did David die late in May, but Óláfr himself was assassinated about a month later, on 29 June, whilst Guðrøðr was still absent in
1227:, John received significant military support from the Crovan dynasty, and it is not improbable that Guðrøðr himself supplied similar assistance. In the 1190s, John also received military assistance from Guðrøðr's kinsman
1067:
high-kingship for himself, Diarmait made his return the following year enstrengthened with English mercenaries, and reclaimed the core of his lands. In 1170 even more English troops flocked to Diarmait's cause, including
365:—the descendants of Somairle and Ragnhildr—a claim to the kingship through Ragnhildr's royal descent. In the words of the chronicle, the union was "the cause of the collapse of the entire Kingdom of the Isles".
13559:
MacInnes, IA (2019). "'A Somewhat too Cruel Vengeance was Taken for the Blood of the Slain': Royal Punishment of Rebels, Traitors, and Political Enemies in Medieval Scotland, c.1100–c.1250". In Tracy, L (ed.).
1130:
The successive deaths of Diarmait and Ascall left a power vacuum in Dublin that others sought to fill. Almost immediately after Ascall's fall, for example, Ruaidrí had the English-controlled town besieged.
746:
Having failed to secure substantial support in England and Scotland, Guðrøðr appears to have turned to Ingi, his nominal Norwegian overlord. In late 1160 or early 1161, Guðrøðr distinguished himself in the
1597:. The fact that Guðrøðr and his son, Óláfr svarti, are recorded to have died on this islet could indicate that it was a royal residence. In any case, the following year Guðrøðr was finally laid to rest on
2625:. Whether the latter was there in defiance of his father—or as a representative of him—is unknown. It is possible that discussion regarding Guðrøðr's plight was one of the factors in Uhtred's attestation.
11218:
Antonsson, H; Crumplin, S; Conti, A (2007). "A Norwegian in Durham: An Anatomy of a Miracle in Reginald of Durham's Libellus de Admirandis Beati Cuthberti". In Smith, BB; Taylor, S; Williams, G (eds.).
2688:. The fact that the chronicle describes her as Muirchertach's granddaughter without mentioning her father could indicate that the union was envisioned as a bond with her grandfather and not her father.
1005:
In the winter of 1176/1177, the chronicle reveals that Guðrøðr was formally married to Muirchertach's granddaughter, Findguala Nic Lochlainn, in a ceremony conducted under the auspices of the visiting
2747:, Óláfr svarti was three years old at the time of his parents' marriage in 1176/1177. As such, one possibility is that the liaison between Guðrøðr and Findguala commenced at about the time of siege.
2697:
There may be reason to suggest that Þorfinnr was distantly related to the Meic Somairle through Ragnhildr's ancestry. Specifically, it is possible that Ragnhildr's mother was Ingibjǫrg, daughter of
11252:
1079:, and effectively became heir to kingship of Leinster and the overlordship of Dublin. Later that year, the combined forces of Diarmait and Richard marched on Dublin, and drove out the reigning
13942:
2804:
worn by this particular piece may be evidence that it dates to the mid twelfth century, when horns began to be positioned on the front and back, as opposed to the sides of the headdress.
590:
The defeat of forces drawn from the Isles, and Muirchertach's subsequent spread of power into Dublin, may have had severe repercussions concerning Guðrøðr's career. In 1155 or 1156, the
753:
686:
received allowances for payments made to Guðrøðr for arms and equipment. Guðrøðr may have arrived in England by way of Wales. The English Crown's recent use of naval forces off the
1401:. For Óláfr, such an event would have threatened to undermine both his ecclesiastical authority and secular power within his own realm. As a result of Óláfr's inability to have
1062:
Later in his reign, Guðrøðr again involved himself in the affairs of Dublin. In 1166, the slaying of Muirchertach meant that two men made bids for the high-kingship of Ireland:
13834:
McDonald, RA (2016). "Sea Kings, Maritime Kingdoms and the Tides of Change: Man and the Isles and Medieval European Change, AD c1100–1265". In Barrett, JH; Gibbon, SJ (eds.).
11456:
12057:
936:. Unlike the previous source, however, this one dates the episode to 1162. Specifically, Muirchertach's forces are recorded to have devastated the Ostman lands of "
17033:
876:
Another possibility is that Ragnall's attack was somehow related to events in northern Ireland, where the Meic Lochlainn lost hold of the Cenél nEógan kingship to
14242:
16223:
944:" before his host of horsemen were repulsed. Despite the difference in their chronologies, both accounts refer to similar military campaigns, and the uncertain
16218:
15214:
Williams, G (2007). "'These People were High-Born and Thought Well of Themselves': The Family of Moddan of Dale". In Smith, BB; Taylor, S; Williams, G (eds.).
516:
219:
12674:
866:
410:
in 1152, where Guðrøðr rendered homage to the Norwegian king, and seemingly secured recognition of the royal inheritance of the Isles. According to Robert's
14764:
14655:
14304:Ó Mainnín, MB (1999). "'The Same in Origin and in Blood': Bardic Windows on the Relationship between Irish and Scottish Gaels in the Period c. 1200–1650".
14029:
13803:
McDonald, RA (2012). "The Manx Sea Kings and the Western Oceans: The Late Norse Isle of Man in its North Atlantic Context, 1079–1265". In Hudson, B (ed.).
13191:
12900:
12860:
12820:
12538:
12498:
12458:
12418:
11325:
11831:
Caldwell, DH; Hall, MA; Wilkinson, CM (2009). "The Lewis Hoard of Gaming Pieces: A Re-examination of Their Context, Meanings, Discovery and Manufacture".
1651:
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reveals that Somairle conducted a coup against Guðrøðr, specifying that Þorfinnr Óttarsson, one of the leading men of the Isles, produced Somairle's son,
288:
1389:. Such changes may have been orchestrated as a means to further distance his diocese from that of Dublin, where diocesan bishops were consecrated by the
10290:
1345:
in England. The chronicle also notes that a monastery was constructed on these lands, and that the lands eventually passed into the possession of the
10834:
1397:. Dublin's political and economic ties with the Isles could have meant that the Bishop of the Isles was now in danger of becoming subordinate to the
674:
Contemporaneous sources reveal that, upon his expulsion, Guðrøðr attempted to garner royal support in England and Scotland. For example, the English
385:. Comprising some four sets, the pieces are thought to have been crafted in Norway in the twelfth- and thirteenth centuries. They were uncovered in
972:. According this account preserved by this source, after Muirchertach's setback at Dublin and subsequent withdrawal in 1162, he left the forces of
1474:
16310:
2685:
1533:. The fact Guðrøðr and his son, Óláfr svarti, are recorded to have died on the islet could be evidence that it was the site of a royal residence.
1443:
1231:. Like Guðrøðr, Donnchad was a grandson of Fergus, and it possible that John's marriage to Affrica accounts for Donnchad's cooperation with him.
327:
15452:
13292:
Survival and Success on Medieval Borders: Cistercian Houses in Medieval Scotland and Pomerania From the Twelfth to the Late Fourteenth Century
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2537:
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in 1177. Therefore, it is conceivable that Ragnall embarked upon his invasion whilst Guðrøðr was absent from Mann assisting John in Ireland.
13972:
13532:
12666:
55:
15945:
11654:
Beuermann, I (2014). "No Soil for Saints: Why was There No Native Royal Martyr in Man and the Isles". In Sigurðsson, JV; Bolton, T (eds.).
1442:
willing to protect the Diocese of the Isles. Certainly, Guðrøðr's stay in Norway coincided with the Scandinavian visit of the papal legate
524:
13682:
McDonald, RA (1995). "Images of Hebridean Lordship in the Late Twelfth and Early Thirteenth Centuries: The Seal of Raonall Mac Sorley".
11561:
Beuermann, I (2009). "Review of RA McDonald, Manx Kingship in its Irish Sea Setting, 1187–1229: King Rǫgnvaldr and the Crovan Dynasty".
1136:
16333:
15954:
14997:
Valante, MA (2010). "Review of RA McDonald, Manx Kingship in Its Irish Sea Setting, 1187–1229: King Rǫgnvaldr and the Crovan Dynasty".
13313:
Jennings, A (2017). "Three Scottish Coastal Names of Note: Earra-Ghàidheal, Satíriseið, and Skotlandsfirðir". In Worthington, D (ed.).
1228:
222:
in the latter's bid for the high-kingship of Ireland. Not long afterwards, Guðrøðr faced a dynastic challenge from his brother-in-law,
130:
16157:
15490:
11792:
Caldwell, DH (2016). "The Sea Power of the Western Isles of Scotland in the Late Medieval Period". In Barrett, JH; Gibbon, SJ (eds.).
10685:
The Great Rolls of the Pipe for the Second, Third, and Fourth Years of the Reign of King Henry the Second, A.D. 1155, 1156, 1157, 1158
1760:
1104:, Ascall and many of the Dubliners managed to escape by fleeing to the "northern islands". On one hand, this term could well refer to
1063:
280:
239:
196:
168:
15588:
2911:
in the thirteenth century. The earliest evidence of ecclesiastical structures on the islet date to the tenth- and eleventh centuries.
350:
223:
15218:. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures. Leiden: Brill. pp. 129–152.
14800:. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures. Leiden: Brill. pp. 215–223.
11223:. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures. Leiden: Brill. pp. 195–226.
2612:
is 1157. Whatever the year, the weather conditions must have been particularly good to permit a naval battle at this time of season.
11727:
2528:
In specific regard to Guðrøðr, for example, the kinship between him and Henry I's maternal grandson, and eventual royal successor,
259:. Although Guðrøðr may have attempted to avert any succession disputes between his descendants, Rǫgnvaldr and his younger brother,
11948:. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures. Leiden: Brill. pp. 65–80.
11658:. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures. Leiden: Brill. pp. 81–95.
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11246:
10575:
Flateyjarbok: En Samling af Norske Konge-Sagaer med Indskudte Mindre Fortællinger om Begivenheder i og Udenfor Norse Same Annaler
986:
13998:
McLeod, W (2002). "Rí Innsi Gall, Rí Fionnghall, Ceannas nan Gàidheal: Sovereignty and Rhetoric in the Late Medieval Hebrides".
13784:
McDonald, RA (2008). "Man, Ireland, and England: The English Conquest of Ireland and Dublin-Manx Relations". In Duffy, S (ed.).
10040:
873:, a family that possessed royal power in Dublin as late as the English conquest, and evidently possessed some lands afterwards.
16439:
12297:
Duffy, S (1995). "The First Ulster Plantation: John de Courcy and the Men of Cumbria". In Berry, T; Frame, R; Simms, K (eds.).
1068:
1051:
16250:
13374:(1969). "The Payments From the Hebrides and Isle of Man to the Crown of Norway, 1153–1263: Annual Ferme or Feudal Casualty?".
11187:
Abrams, L (2007). "Conversion and the Church in the Hebrides in the Viking Age". In Smith, BB; Taylor, S; Williams, G (eds.).
10878:
The Annals of Roger de Hoveden: Comprising the History of England and of Other Countries of Europe, From A.D. 732 to A.D. 1201
1234:
389:
in the early nineteenth century. Some of the pieces may have arrived in the Isles as a result of Guðrøðr's return from Norway.
16434:
15417:
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13070:
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12941:
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12202:
12193:. Celtic, Anglo-Saxon, and Scandinavian Studies. Aberdeen: Centre for Anglo-Saxon Studies and The Centre for Celtic Studies,
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2702:
16374:
16172:
15521:
12078:
850:
17053:
17028:
14590:
11944:
Crawford, BE (2014). "The Kingdom of Man and the Earldom of Orkney—Some Comparisons". In Sigurðsson, JV; Bolton, T (eds.).
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11877:
11288:
10555:
2698:
1377:
13746:
McDonald, RA (2007a). "Dealing Death From Man: Manx Sea Power in and around the Irish Sea, 1079–1265". In Duffy, S (ed.).
10601:. Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society Record Series. Kendal: T Wilson & Son – via
2779:". This record appears to indicate that, although the two men were not related by blood, they had been nursed by the same
1272:
16303:
15680:
11151:
10952:
1238:
The name of Guðrøðr's wife, Findguala Nic Lochlainn, as it appears on folio 40r of British Library Cotton Julius A VII: "
1080:
702:
16652:
15784:
11632:
300:
31:
14688:
14259:
10674:
17:
15849:
13639:
The Norse in Islay: A Settlement Historical Case-Study for Medieval Scandinavian Activity in Western Maritime Scotland
564:
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15276:
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12024:
12005:
11716:
11471:
11369:
11307:
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11004:
10848:
10338:
10244:
1446:, a man who had been tasked to create Norwegian and Swedish ecclesiastical provinces in order to further extend the
561:, gained overlordship over the Dubliners, and effectively secured himself the high-kingship of Ireland for himself.
15938:
15324:
Woolf, A (2005). "The Origins and Ancestry of Somerled: Gofraid mac Fergusa and 'The Annals of the Four Masters'".
15162:
14000:
11418:
Barrow, GWS (1995). "Witnesses and the Attestation of Formal Documents in Scotland, Twelfth–Thirteenth Centuries".
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1205:
1169:
601:
419:
248:
16121:
15377:. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures. Leiden: Brill.
13508:. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures. Leiden: Brill.
13065:. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures. Leiden: Brill.
2635:
father's demise. It could even be evidence that it was not Somairle who had possessed the partition, but his sons.
1473:
Despite the ecclesiastical reorientation, the next Bishop of the Isles known from Manx sources was consecrated by
1140:
to suspect that the Islesmen were disquieted by prospect of permanent English authority in the region. Certainly,
296:
16187:
15538:
13943:"A Note on Grey Abbey and Other Religious Foundations on Strangford Lough Affiliated to the Abbeys of Cumberland"
11537:"Review of RA McDonald, Manx Kingship in its Irish Sea Setting, 1187–1229: King Rǫgnvaldr and the Crovan Dynasty"
2589:
An alternate possibility is that the annal does not refer to Galloway at all, and that it actually refers to the
1224:
1122:
735:
683:
407:
256:
211:
135:
16296:
16240:
14175:
Oram, RD (1993). "A Family Business? Colonisation and Settlement in Twelfth- and Thirteenth-Century Galloway".
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Seanchas: Studies in Early and Medieval Irish Archaeology, History and Literature in Honour of Francis J. Byrne
11767:
11638:
11160:
1567:
1457:
679:
13009:. Centre for Manx Studies Monographs (series vol. 2). Liverpool: Liverpool University Press. pp. 437–448.
2556:" ("For the aforesaid king is the cousin of the English king on the side of Matilda the empress, his mother").
263:, eventually fought each other over the throne, and the resulting conflict carried on into later generations.
16096:
15774:
15581:
12171:
10254:
2844:
1579:
Many anecdotes about him worthy of being remembered could be told, which for brevity's sake we have omitted.
650:
15357:
2675:
reports that the Dubliners rendered Muirchertach the kingship and gave him one thousand, two hundred cattle.
695:. Guðrøðr next appears on record in Scotland, the following year, when he witnessed a charter of Malcolm to
16602:
16470:
16424:
15799:
12795:
Irish Society, Anglo-Norman Settlers, Angevin Kingship: Interactions in Ireland in the Late Twelfth Century
12624:
Duffy, S (2006). "The Royal Dynasties of Dublin and the Isles in the Eleventh Century". In Duffy, S (ed.).
11191:. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures. Leiden:
10298:
2775:
One of the witnesses recorded by this charter is a certain Gilla Críst described as Guðrøðr's "brother and
1451:
454:
16939:
12144:
10855:
17048:
15931:
15049:
11270:
2758:
1294:
1193:
399:
16379:
16255:
16566:
16126:
12987:
11759:
11681:
11381:
10890:
10134:
2829:, and therefore means "of the Southern Isles", in reference to Mann and the Hebrides as opposed to the
2234:
1450:'s authority into the northern European periphery. Eventually the newly created Norwegian province—the
1346:
1034:
power—was advanced as a royal candidate in an effort to counter Muirchertach's overlordship of Dublin.
537:
13838:. The Society for Medieval Archaeology Monograph. Milton Park, Abingdon: Routledge. pp. 333–349.
13534:
Data Structure Report: Geophysical Survey and Excavation at Dundrum Castle, County Down, 2012 and 2013
2387:
Since the 1990s, academics have accorded Guðrøðr various personal names in English secondary sources:
877:
16909:
16667:
16399:
16394:
15859:
15507:
14635:'The King is Dead': The Thanatology of Kings in the Old Norse Synoptic Histories of Norway, 1035–1161
13345:
12662:
11751:
11608:
Beuermann, I (2010). "'Norgesveldet?' South of Cape Wrath? Political Views Facts, and Questions". In
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11496:
Beuermann, I (2002). "Metropolitan Ambitions and Politics: Kells-Mellifont and Man & the Isles".
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10115:
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1419:
1382:
1350:
1150:
1086:
1010:
628:
354:
16270:
16228:
13007:
Excavations on St Patrick's Isle, Peel, Isle of Man 1982–88: Prehistoric, Viking, Medieval and Later
789:
17038:
16977:
16929:
16429:
15574:
15094:
Wadden, P (2014). "Cath Ruis na Ríg for Bóinn: History and Literature in Twelfth-Century Ireland".
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10474:
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2261:
1390:
520:
435:
321:
304:
291:. Following Guðrøðr Crovan's death in 1095, there is a period of uncertainty in the history of the
200:
271:
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15754:
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12726:
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10139:
1606:
748:
16260:
15713:
13492:
Early Ecclesiastical Sites in the Northern Isles and Isle of Man: An Archaeological Field Survey
623:
Late in 1156, on the night of 5/6 January, Somairle and Guðrøðr finally clashed in a bloody but
16735:
16617:
16449:
16061:
15804:
12194:
11926:
10602:
10596:
10088:
2671:
Following Muirchertach's defeat of Toirrdelbach in 1154, and the former's march on Dublin, the
1488:
358:
16404:
15854:
15844:
15821:
15648:
14384:
10822:
Monumenta de Insula Manniæ; or, A Collection of National Documents Relating to the Isle of Man
527:. In 1154, the forces of Toirrdelbach and Muirchertach met in a major conflict fought off the
398:
evidenced by the depredations wrought on the Scottish mainland by Óláfr's leading ecclesiast,
16853:
16809:
16414:
16319:
16245:
16192:
15779:
15197:
Land Assessment and Military Organisation in the Norse Settlements in Scotland, c.900–1266 AD
14925:
14836:
12058:"At the Crossroads of Power and Cultural Influence: Manx Archaeology in the High Middle Ages"
11784:
11170:
2577:
2552:
Est enim prædictus rex consanguineus regis Anglorum ex parte Matildis imperatricis matris suæ
777:
739:
498:
16858:
16051:
15900:
15339:
The World of the Galloglass: Kings, Warlords and Warriors in Ireland and Scotland, 1200–1600
13748:
The World of the Galloglass: Kings, Warlords and Warriors in Ireland and Scotland, 1200–1600
12645:
The World of the Galloglass: Kings, Warlords and Warriors in Ireland and Scotland, 1200–1600
11780:
Cill- Names and Saints in Argyll: A Way Towards Understanding the Early Church in Dál Riata?
1372:. Little is known of its early history, although its origins may well lie with the Uí Ímair
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16551:
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16182:
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15958:
15884:
15789:
15769:
15511:
15177:
13471:
13161:(2003). "The Norwegian Kingdom: Succession Disputes and Consolidation". In Helle, K (ed.).
12756:
10924:
10346:
10328:
2921:
2868:. Of the eleven dioceses, five were centred in Norway and six in colonies overseas (two in
1594:
1549:, Rǫgnvaldr's mother was Sadb, an otherwise unknown Irishwoman who may have been a wife or
1530:
1430:
1425:
1398:
1369:
1189:
1173:
1100:
860:
The remains of a cross-shaft uncovered on Iona, once thought to be associated with Guðrøðr.
595:
568:
292:
192:
93:
62:
16696:
15864:
15653:
15637:
14451:
Purcell, E (2003–2004). "The Expulsion of the Ostmen, 1169–71: The Documentary Evidence".
14385:"Meeting in Norway: Norse-Gaelic Relations in the Kingdom of Man and the Isles, 1090–1270"
11048:
11028:
2548:
notes that Guðrøðr and Henry II were related by blood through Matilda, stating in Latin: "
1042:
793:
8:
16741:
16707:
16571:
16561:
16556:
16213:
16136:
16071:
16066:
16046:
15972:
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15874:
15718:
15288:
Ecclesia Nidrosiensis, 1153–1537: Søkelys på Nidaroskirkens og Nidarosprovinsens Historie
13315:
The New Coastal History: Cultural and Environmental Perspectives From Scotland and Beyond
13228:
Viking Pirates and Christian Princes: Dynasty, Religion, and Empire in the North Atlantic
13180:
12302:
11302:. Cambridge Studies in Medieval Life and Thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
11145:
11134:
10946:
10928:
10876:
10797:
10761:
10082:
2294:
1602:
1492:
The name of Reginald as it appears on folio 50v of British Library Cotton Julius A VII: "
1461:
The name of Gamaliel as it appears on folio 50v of British Library Cotton Julius A VII: "
1439:
1386:
1302:
1277:
973:
816:
785:
402:. Confirmation of Óláfr's concern over the royal succession may well be preserved by the
234:
16495:
16265:
15703:
13977:
Transactions of the Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archæological Society
13950:
Transactions of the Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archæological Society
13767:
Manx Kingship in its Irish Sea Setting, 1187–1229: King Rǫgnvaldr and the Crovan Dynasty
13127:
The English in the Twelfth Century: Imperialism, National Identity, and Political Values
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Clerics and Clansmen: The Diocese of Argyll between the Twelfth and Sixteenth Centuries
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13318:
13295:
13278:
13262:
13033:
12781:
12707:
12691:
12262:
12246:
12235:
Duffy, S (1992). "Irishmen and Islesmen in the Kingdoms of Dublin and Man, 1052–1171".
11864:
11848:
11596:
11580:
11515:
11435:
11398:
11379:
Barrow, GWS (1994). "The Date of the Peace between Malcolm IV and Somerled of Argyll".
11136:
Sturlunga Saga Including the Islendinga Saga of Lawman Sturla Thordsson and Other Works
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1406:
1256:
706:
The name of Fergus as it appears on folio 35v of British Library Cotton Julius A VII: "
687:
624:
572:
506:
303:
seized control of the kingdom. At some point, Óláfr was entrusted to the protection of
230:
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15759:
14696:
Transactions of the Dumfriesshire and Galloway Natural History and Antiquarian Society
14062:
12589:
Duffy, S (2005b). "Town and Crown: The Kings of England and Their City of Dublin". In
11923:
By Poetic Authority: The Rhetoric of Panegyric in Gaelic Poetry of Scotland to c. 1700
10195:
2604:
The chronicle dates the battle to the year 1156. Since the start of a new year in the
1393:. In 1152, steps were undertaken by the papacy to elevate the Diocese of Dublin to an
331:
Guðrøðr's name as it appears on folio 36r of British Library Cotton Julius A VII (the
16924:
16919:
16784:
16576:
16546:
16510:
16235:
16152:
16025:
16003:
15981:
15923:
15815:
15733:
15708:
15620:
15597:
15528:
15497:
15413:
15388:
15378:
15342:
15310:
15291:
15272:
15229:
15219:
15216:
West Over Sea: Studies in Scandinavian Sea-Borne Expansion and Settlement Before 1300
15181:
15158:
15137:
15080:
15053:
15024:
14985:
14975:
14956:
14939:
14929:
14908:
14867:
14840:
14829:
14811:
14801:
14742:
14703:
14639:
14618:
14578:
14535:
14528:
14512:
14493:
14472:
14418:
14401:
14363:
14334:
14313:
14281:
14248:
14227:
14210:
14138:
14119:
14100:
14092:
14078:
14009:
13921:
13896:
13882:
13857:
13847:
13820:
13789:
13770:
13751:
13732:
13707:
13668:
13583:
13575:
13565:
13519:
13509:
13496:
13475:
13458:
13446:
13391:
13357:
13353:
13330:
13299:
13282:
13270:
13231:
13166:
13130:
13108:
13076:
13066:
13025:
12991:
12968:
12947:
12937:
12798:
12773:
12740:
12711:
12699:
12648:
12629:
12612:
12602:
12590:
12575:
12396:
12392:
12371:
12361:
12357:
12336:
12306:
12254:
12208:
12198:
12189:
Downham, C (2013). "Living on the Edge: Scandinavian Dublin in the Twelfth Century".
12175:
12129:
12110:
12068:
12038:
12020:
12001:
11984:
11959:
11949:
11930:
11894:
11868:
11856:
11844:
11819:
11809:
11763:
11735:
11712:
11689:
11669:
11659:
11617:
11588:
11523:
11467:
11443:
11406:
11365:
11303:
11284:
11256:
11234:
11224:
11221:
West Over Sea: Studies in Scandinavian Sea-Borne Expansion and Settlement Before 1300
11206:
11196:
11189:
West Over Sea: Studies in Scandinavian Sea-Borne Expansion and Settlement Before 1300
11164:
11015:
11000:
10910:
10844:
10820:
10742:
10709:
10668:
10645:
10592:
10559:
10536:
10502:
10468:
10434:
10400:
10366:
10332:
10314:
10276:
10240:
10210:
10078:
10064:
10048:
1542:
1415:
1349:. Guðrøðr also granted certain commercial rights and protections to the monks of the
1306:
1076:
945:
839:
of mainland Scotland in 1164. The declaration in the fifteenth- to sixteenth-century
836:
692:
558:
440:
333:
316:
308:
260:
215:
188:
143:
122:
12237:
11536:
10785:
Liber S. Marie de Calchou: Registrum Cartarum Abbacie Tironensis de Kelso, 1113–1567
10705:
631:
and drove Guðrøðr from the kingship into exile. According to the thirteenth-century
484:
16934:
16894:
16832:
16756:
16662:
16607:
16500:
16056:
15405:
15200:
15121:
15112:
15072:
15008:
14892:
14769:
14660:
14562:
14456:
14437:
14200:
14184:
14161:
14070:
14034:
13984:
13957:
13904:
McDonald, RA; McLean, SA (1992). "Somerled of Argyll: A New Look at Old Problems".
13874:
13871:
Kings, Usurpers, and Concubines in the Chronicles of the Kings of Man and the Isles
13839:
13812:
13691:
13642:
13623:
13604:
13430:
13411:
13371:
13322:
13254:
13196:
12905:
12865:
12825:
12765:
12730:
12683:
12594:
12543:
12503:
12463:
12423:
12283:
11840:
11801:
11572:
11507:
11427:
11390:
11330:
11192:
11021:
10990:
10942:
10719:
10185:
10180:
1211:
In 1177, John led an invasion of Ulaid (an area roughly encompassing what is today
841:
764:
730:
638:
252:
15987:
15611:
15400:
Wyatt, D (2018). "Slavery and Cultural Antipathy". In Pargas, DA; Roşu, F (eds.).
14788:
14679:
14133:
O'Byrne, E (2005c). "Ua Conchobair, Tairrdelbach (1088–1156)". In Duffy, S (ed.).
14053:
13215:
12924:
12884:
12844:
12562:
12522:
12482:
12442:
11616:. Trondheim Studies in History. Trondheim: Tapir Academic Press. pp. 99–123.
11349:
1405:
formally consecrated as bishop, and his own refusal to accept one favoured by the
1381:
to have initiated the transfer the ecclesiastical obedience of the Isles from the
796:
was elected king after Ingi's death, and following the fall of Hákon, was crowned
781:
16987:
16972:
16944:
16914:
16899:
16879:
16723:
16717:
16632:
16536:
16131:
16077:
16014:
15838:
15241:
15110:(1994). "Bishops in the Isles Before 1203: Bibliography and Biographical Lists".
14850:
14734:
14545:
13223:
13122:
12384:
12168:
Domination and Conquest: The Experience of Ireland, Scotland and Wales, 1100–1300
12044:
11708:
11357:
11118:
10956:
10771:
10748:
10729:
10693:
10655:
10634:
10624:
10579:
10259:
10236:
10216:
10201:
10092:
2605:
2541:
977:
881:
633:
571:'s name as it appears on folio 16v of British Library Cotton Domitian A VII (the
15698:
14955:. Oxford Studies in Medieval European History. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
14247:. The New Edinburgh History of Scotland. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
14114:
O'Byrne, E (2005b). "Ua Conchobair, Ruaidrí (c. 1116–1198)". In Duffy, S (ed.).
13326:
13145:
11902:
17002:
16712:
16702:
16480:
16348:
16343:
16338:
16208:
15658:
15467:
14970:
Thornton, DE (1996). "The Genealogy of Gruffudd ap Cynan". In Maund, KL (ed.).
14773:
14038:
13200:
13046:
12909:
12869:
12547:
12507:
12467:
12427:
12348:
Duffy, S (1998). "Ireland's Hastings: The Anglo-Norman Conquest of Dublin". In
12034:
11334:
11274:
10801:
10789:
10689:
10683:
10614:
10124:. Publications of the Scottish History Society. Edinburgh: T. and A. Constable.
10105:
2830:
2776:
2715:
1510:
1361:
1342:
1252:
1030:
909:
889:
828:
797:
724:
502:
382:
284:
244:
204:
158:
15409:
15076:
15012:
14758:
14188:
14074:
14023:
13878:
13695:
13185:
12934:
The Transformation of the Irish Church in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries
12894:
12854:
12829:
12601:. Thirteenth Century England. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press. pp. 95–117.
12532:
12492:
12452:
12412:
11431:
11394:
11319:
10763:
Annals of the Reigns of Malcolm and William, Kings of Scotland, A.D. 1153–1214
2762:. Much of the information presented by this source appears to be derived from
1562:"). There is also reason to suspect that Guðrøðr had another daughter, as the
60:
Guðrøðr's name as it appears on folio 46v of British Library Royal 13 B VIII (
17017:
16997:
16982:
16967:
16954:
16863:
16837:
16822:
16774:
16637:
16475:
16358:
16116:
15810:
15392:
15233:
15141:
15133:
15125:
15107:
15028:
15020:
14989:
14974:. Studies in Celtic History. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press. pp. 79–108.
14912:
14904:
14815:
14707:
14664:
14582:
14574:
14476:
14468:
14405:
14367:
14359:
14338:
14317:
14214:
14196:
14013:
13925:
13917:
13861:
13711:
13703:
13667:. New History of Ireland. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 127–154.
13579:
13523:
13450:
13442:
13395:
13387:
13274:
13266:
13258:
13088:
13080:
13029:
12951:
12814:
12777:
12703:
12695:
12687:
12616:
12383:
Duffy, S (1999). "Ireland and Scotland, 1014–1169: Contacts and Caveats". In
12375:
12340:
12258:
12250:
12212:
11988:
11963:
11898:
11860:
11852:
11823:
11739:
11673:
11609:
11592:
11584:
11541:
11527:
11519:
11447:
11439:
11410:
11402:
11238:
11210:
10830:
2908:
2877:
2591:
1482:
1410:
1260:
1212:
1201:
1047:
998:
885:
870:
824:
546:
386:
362:
15664:
15435:
14854:
14711:
14649:
13816:
12754:
Flanagan, MT (1977). "Hiberno-Papal Relations in the Late Twelfth Century".
12720:
12048:
11278:
11122:
10960:
10752:
10733:
10697:
10659:
10583:
10516:
10482:
10448:
10414:
10220:
788:. With both of these brothers dead by 1157, Ingi was forced to contend with
16992:
16817:
16647:
16622:
16465:
16419:
15154:
14730:
14549:
14489:
13660:
13656:
13434:
12960:
12098:
12097:
Davey, PJ (2006a). "Christianity in the Celtic Countries Isle of Man". In
10982:
10968:
10811:
10775:
10620:
Councils and Ecclesiastical Documents Relating to Great Britain and Ireland
10380:
10096:
2852:
1478:
1334:
1146:
1091:
1026:
1006:
965:
800:
in 1163/1164. It is likely that Guðrøðr was present at Magnús Erlingsson's
759:
662:, witnessed by Guðrøðr whilst in exile in 1159. His name and title reads: "
532:
423:
378:
210:
In the last year of his father's reign, Guðrøðr was absent at the court of
16531:
15728:
15358:"The Song of the Death of Somerled and the Destruction of Glasgow in 1153"
14095:(2005a). "Mac Lochlainn, Muirchertach (c. 1110–1166)". In Duffy, S (ed.).
13843:
12735:
11805:
11466:. Edinburgh: The Scottish Society for Northern Studies. pp. 140–154.
2766:, and it is possible that this is the origin of the marriage-date as well.
1333:" (perhaps near Ballure). In the reigns of Guðrøðr's succeeding sons, the
823:, dates to the mid twelfth century, and may have been built by either the
812:
776:
reveals that Guðrøðr played an important part in Ingi's final downfall in
16485:
16384:
14733:(2000). "Hebridean Sea Kings: The Successors of Somerled, 1164–1316". In
14566:
14460:
12163:
12067:. Edinburgh: The Scottish Society for Northern Studies. pp. 81–102.
11972:
11796:. The Society for Medieval Archaeology Monograph. Milton Park, Abingdon:
11703:
Bridgland, N (2004). "The Medieval Church in Argyll". In Omand, D (ed.).
11576:
11511:
2904:
2848:
1526:
1394:
1220:
1216:
1197:
1161:
1113:
869:. Alternately, Ragnall's name could indicate that he was a member of the
696:
659:
607:
554:
353:. Perhaps at about 1140, during a period when the latter was allied with
16288:
15271:. Oxford Companions. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 346–347.
15071:. Vol. 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 157–181.
15036:
14896:
14798:
Celtic-Norse Relationships in the Irish Sea in the Middle Ages, 800–1200
14375:
14069:. Vol. 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 131–156.
13933:
13719:
13403:
13165:. Vol. 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 369–391.
13037:
12785:
12643:
Duffy, S (2007). "The Prehistory of the Galloglass". In Duffy, S (ed.).
12266:
12220:
Duffy, S (1991). "The Bruce Brothers and the Irish Sea World, 1306–29".
11946:
Celtic-Norse Relationships in the Irish Sea in the Middle Ages, 800–1200
11656:
Celtic-Norse Relationships in the Irish Sea in the Middle Ages, 800–1200
11600:
11253:
The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland
10807:
Chronica Regvm Manniæ et Insvlarvm: The Chronicle of Man and the Sudreys
1356:
16779:
15264:
14557:
Rekdal, JE (2003–2004). "Vikings and Saints–Encounters Vestan um Haf".
13158:
12815:"Clare, Richard fitz Gilbert de, Second Earl of Pembroke (c.1130–1176)"
12299:
Colony and Frontier in Medieval Ireland: Essays Presented to J.F. Lydon
12145:"Eleven Years of Archaeological Research at Rushen Abbey, 1998 to 2008"
12124:
Davey, PJ (2006b). "Sodor and Man, The Diocese of". In Koch, JT (ed.).
11728:"Tynwald: A Manx Cult-Site and Institution of Pre-Scandinavian Origin?"
10882:
2645:
1571:
1337:
priory of St Bees continued to receive royal grants of Manx lands. The
1325:" (Ballellin) in exchange for the church of St Óláfr and the lands of "
1298:
1177:
880:. In fact, it is possible that the invader himself was a member of the
801:
780:
in 1161. Up until 1155, Ingi had shared the kingship with his brothers
675:
251:, may have played a critical role in John's successful conquest of the
187:(died 10 November 1187) was a twelfth-century ruler of the kingdoms of
15305:
Woolf, A (2004). "The Age of Sea-Kings, 900–1300". In Omand, D (ed.).
15205:
15172:
Watt, DER (2003). "Scotland: Religion and Piety". In Rigby, SH (ed.).
14166:
13729:
The Kingdom of the Isles: Scotland's Western Seaboard, c. 1100–c. 1336
13620:
Early Medieval Sculpture in the West Highlands and Islands of Scotland
13597:
Early Medieval Sculpture in the West Highlands and Islands of Scotland
12288:
10995:
10724:
2726:, as opposed to the Isles (the Hebrides and Mann) which were known as
1521:
16962:
16827:
16789:
16729:
16612:
16009:
14442:
14434:
Earl Rögnvaldr Kali: Crisis and Development in Twelfth Century Orkney
14392:
14205:
13647:
13628:
13609:
13564:. Explorations in Medieval Culture. Leiden: Brill. pp. 119–146.
12769:
11797:
2881:
2865:
2780:
2576:
Guðrøðr himself, (Guðrøðr's son) Rǫgnvaldr, and (Óláfr svarti's son)
1550:
1165:
1108:. On the other hand, it is also possible that the term refers to the
1072:
655:
528:
14823:
Simms, K (1998) . "The Norman Invasion and the Gaelic Recovery". In
13989:
13962:
11973:"St Patrick and St Maughold: Saints' Dedications in the Isle of Man"
2821:
in mediaeval sources. This Latin term is derived from the Old Norse
1280:
as it appears on folio 46v of British Library Cotton Julius A VII: "
1208:, and one of the most powerful incoming Englishmen, John de Courcy.
993:
932:
The chronicle's version of events appears to be corroborated by the
904:
373:
307:, and spent his youth in England before his eventual restoration as
247:. Guðrøðr's assistance to John, who had married Guðrøðr's daughter,
16769:
16746:
16642:
16627:
16541:
16167:
15286:
Woolf, A (2003). "The Diocese of the Sudreyar". In Imsen, S (ed.).
13973:"A Note Upon the Connections of Furness Abbey With the Isle of Man"
12106:
11546:
10119:
2797:
2756:
The marriage is dated to 1180 by the unreliable eighteenth-century
2456:
1615:
1373:
1109:
542:
15643:
15566:
15337:
Woolf, A (2007). "A Dead Man at Ballyshannon". In Duffy, S (ed.).
14943:
13587:
856:
605:
Guðrøðr's name and title as it appears on folio 63v of AM 47 fol (
470:
16799:
16764:
16683:
16592:
14633:
13490:
12982:
Freke, D (1990). "History". In Robinson, V; McCarroll, D (eds.).
11498:
10673:. Rerum Britannicarum Medii Ævi Scriptores. Vol. 4. London:
10337:. Rerum Britannicarum Medii Ævi Scriptores. Vol. 5. London:
2869:
2793:
2512:
1368:
The ecclesiastical jurisdiction within Guðrøðr's kingdom was the
550:
153:
15977:
15616:
13562:
Treason: Medieval and Early Modern Adultery, Betrayal, and Shame
13245:
Jamroziak, E (2008). "Holm Cultram Abbey: A Story of Success?".
12128:. Vol. 4. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. pp. 1618–1619.
11996:
Crooks, P (2005a). "Mac Murchada, Diarmait". In Duffy, S (ed.).
11778:
1566:
describes a thirteenth century Bishop of the Isles, a man named
1341:
reveals that Guðrøðr gave lands at Myroscough to the Cistercian
438:
as he is depicted in Leiden University Library Letterkunde 191 (
430:
283:
and his wife Affraic ingen Fergusa. The men were members of the
16597:
15626:
15447:
15067:
Veach, C (2018). "Conquest and Conquerors". In Smith, B (ed.).
13731:. Scottish Historical Monographs. East Linton: Tuckwell Press.
12065:
Mannin Revisited: Twelve Essays on Manx Culture and Environment
8778:
pp. 157 fig. 2i, 188 fig. 15, 192 tab. 5, 192–193, 197 tab. 8;
2873:
2652:
sculpted stones. It may date to the tenth- or eleventh century.
1447:
1105:
1055:
769:
12895:"Ua Conchobair, Ruaidrí [Rory O'Connor] (c.1116–1198)"
11634:
The Norwegian Attack on Iona in 1209–10: The Last Viking Raid?
2621:
The next secular witness listed after Guðrøðr is Fergus' son,
1196:
in the ceremony partly illustrates the imperial aspect of the
1176:. The mannequin is looking through the window of the castle's
15375:
Slaves and Warriors in Medieval Britain and Ireland, 800–1200
14881:
Stephenson, D (2008). "Madog ap Maredudd, Rex Powissensium".
14346:
Power, R (1986). "Magnus Barelegs' Expeditions to the West".
13063:
Kings' Sagas and Norwegian History: Problems and Perspectives
2801:
1976:
1. Guðrøðr Óláfsson, King of Dublin and the Isles (died 1187)
1192:, in 1170. The participation of monarchs such as Guðrøðr and
1188:, Guðrøðr attended the coronation of Henry II's teenage son,
958:
938:
893:
541:, Muirchertach's maritime forces were mercenaries drawn from
535:
of the twelfth century. According to the seventeenth-century
13788:. Vol. 8. Dublin: Four Courts Press. pp. 131–149.
13294:. Medieval Texts and Cultures of Northern Europe. Turnhout:
12936:. Studies in Celtic History. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press.
12015:
Crooks, P (2005b). "Ulster, Earldom of". In Duffy, S (ed.).
11614:
The Norwegian Domination and the Norse World c. 1100–c. 1400
11114:
Heimskringla; Eller, Norges Kongesagaer af Snorre Sturlasson
10670:
Chronicles of the Reigns of Stephen, Henry II, and Richard I
2903:
It is possible that seat of Manx royal power was located at
1541:, Guðrøðr had four children: Affrica, Rǫgnvaldr, Ívarr, and
804:, and possible that Guðrøðr rendered homage to him as well.
255:. Guðrøðr died in 1187 and was succeeded by his eldest son,
12191:
No Horns on Their Helmets? Essays on the Insular Viking-age
11283:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 809–827.
11280:
The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume 5, c.1198–c.1300
10578:. Vol. 3. Oslo: P.T. Mallings Forlagsboghandel. 1868.
10162:(16 December 2013 ed.). University College Cork. 2013b
1598:
820:
505:
displaying a contemporary sailing vessel. The power of the
229:
Guðrøðr appears to have spent his exile in the kingdoms of
106:
14598:
Saga-Book of the Viking Club Society for Northern Research
13147:
The Mac Lochlainn High-Kingship in Late Pre-Norman Ireland
12628:. Vol. 7. Dublin: Four Courts Press. pp. 51–65.
11055:(24 February 2011 ed.). University College Cork. 2011
10084:
Scottish Annals From English Chroniclers, A.D. 500 to 1286
320:
reveals that Guðrøðr's mother, Affraic, was a daughter of
12040:
Island Heritage: Dealing With Some Phases of Manx History
11020:. Rerum Britannicarum Medii Ævi Scriptores. Vol. 4.
2920:
Other potential candidates include Somairle and his son,
12570:
Duffy, S (2005a). "Courcy, John de". In Duffy, S (ed.).
12322:"Ulster and the Irish Sea Region in the Twelfth Century"
11095:(15 August 2012 ed.). University College Cork. 2012
11075:(29 August 2008 ed.). University College Cork. 2008
15176:. Blackwell Companions to British History. Malden, MA:
13416:"Further Discoveries of Cross-Slabs in the Isle of Man"
13056:. Reykjavík: Stofnun Árna Magnússona. pp. 194–207.
11035:(27 April 2010 ed.). University College Cork. 2010
10179:. Vol. 1. Edinburgh: H.M. General Register House.
10121:
A Scottish Chronicle Known as the Chronicle of Holyrood
2595:
of Arran, Kintyre, Mann, and the territory of Scotland.
1418:
and the Isles included within the prospective Scottish
1376:. Ecclesiastical interconnection between the Isles and
1071:, who successfully stormed the Norse-Gaelic enclave of
15953:
14953:
The Shape of the State in Medieval Scotland, 1124–1290
10233:
The Triumph Tree: Scotland's Earliest Poetry, 550–1350
2792:
The pictured piece depicts a seated bishop, holding a
1156:
406:, which states that Guðrøðr journeyed to the court of
13423:
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland
12675:
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland
2714:
Orkney is located in a chain of islands known as the
1601:, an island upon which the oldest intact building is
867:
Echmarcach mac Ragnaill, King of Dublin and the Isles
15267:(2001). "Isles, Kingdom of the". In Lynch, M (ed.).
14325:
Pollock, M (2005). "Rebels of the West, 1209–1216".
13622:(PhD thesis). Vol. 2. University of Edinburgh.
11758:. The New Edinburgh History of Scotland. Edinburgh:
11300:
The Papacy, Scotland and Northern England, 1342–1378
11273:(1999). "The Celtic lands of the British Isles". In
2455:. Likewise, academics have accorded Guðrøðr various
1037:
964:" may well refer to nearby locations roughly in the
15046:
Lordship in Four Realms: The Lacy Family, 1166–1241
14415:
The Story of Iona: An Illustrated History and Guide
13836:
Maritime Societies of the Viking and Medieval World
13005:Freke, D (2002). "Conclusions". In Freke, D (ed.).
12063:. In Davey, P; Finlayson, D; Thomlinson, P (eds.).
11794:
Maritime Societies of the Viking and Medieval World
10107:
Early Sources of Scottish History, A.D. 500 to 1286
849:that the kingship was seized by Guðrøðr's brother,
15362:Journal of the Sydney Society for Scottish History
14828:
14757:
14648:
14527:
14258:
14022:
13184:
13014:French, NE (2015). "Dublin, 1160–1200: Part One".
12893:
12853:
12813:
12531:
12491:
12451:
12411:
11318:
10854:
10633:
8441:
8439:
1570:, to have been of royal birth, and to have been a
1075:. Richard soon after married Diarmait's daughter,
14796:Sigurðsson, JV; Bolton, T, eds. (2014). "Index".
14741:. East Linton: Tuckwell Press. pp. 187–218.
12719:Ekrem, I; Mortensen, LB; Fisher, P, eds. (2006).
12667:"Argyll and the Isles in the Earlier Middle Ages"
10212:Registrum Prioratus Omnium Sanctorum juxta Dublin
6218:
6216:
968:. Another source documenting the conflict is the
831:. Guðrøðr himself was laid to rest on the island.
517:Muirchertach Mac Lochlainn, King of Cenél nEógain
220:Muirchertach Mac Lochlainn, King of Cenél nEógain
17015:
15404:. Vol. 2. Leiden: Brill. pp. 742–799.
13659:(2008) . "John, Lord of Ireland, 1185–1216". In
13356:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 405.
12329:Group for the Study of Irish Historic Settlement
10989:. Oslo: Norsk historisk kjeldeskrift-institutt.
7416:
7414:
6878:
6876:
719:According to the twelfth- to thirteenth-century
17034:12th-century rulers of the Kingdom of the Isles
15174:A Companion to Britain in the Later Middle Ages
14689:"The Origins of Dundrennan and Soulseat Abbeys"
13054:Samtíðarsögur: The Contemporary Sagas. Forprent
8436:
6241:
6239:
2823:
2728:
2720:
1444:Nicholas Breakspeare, Cardinal-Bishop of Albano
1153:, who converted it into an English royal town.
757:within the thirteenth-century saga-compilation
613:
531:coast, in what was perhaps one of the greatest
349:Another alliance involving Óláfr was that with
275:Locations relating to Guðrøðr's life and times.
14033:(May 2005 ed.). Oxford University Press.
9196:
9194:
6213:
734:Nineteenth-century depiction of the forces of
615:Guðroðr Suðr eyia konvngr s(on) Olafs bitlings
16304:
15939:
15582:
15341:. Dublin: Four Courts Press. pp. 77–85.
13750:. Dublin: Four Courts Press. pp. 45–76.
13531:Macdonald, P; McQuillan, L; Young, T (n.d.).
12984:The Isle of Man: Celebrating a Sense of Place
11639:Iona Research Conference, 10 to 12 April 2012
7864:
7862:
7447:
7445:
7411:
6873:
5744:
5742:
4508:
4506:
2684:Findguala appears to have been a daughter of
2538:Robert de Torigni, Abbot of Mont Saint-Michel
449:Galloway, as recorded by the twelfth-century
311:in the second decade of the twelfth century.
15290:. Tapir Akademisk Forlag. pp. 171–181.
14972:Gruffudd ap Cynan: A Collaborative Biography
14835:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp.
14768:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
14659:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
14154:The Lordship of Galloway, c. 1000 to c. 1250
14063:"Perception and Reality: Ireland c.980–1229"
13195:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
12904:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
12864:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
12824:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
12647:. Dublin: Four Courts Press. pp. 1–23.
12542:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
12502:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
12462:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
12422:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
11329:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
10977:. Vol. 2. Oslo: I.M. Stenersens Forlag.
10636:Heimskringla: History of the Kings of Norway
9070:
9068:
6851:
6849:
6236:
6184:
6182:
4188:
2718:. In Old Norse, these islands were known as
1652:Guðrøðr Crovan, King of Dublin and the Isles
1584:— a less-than-illuminative excerpt from the
1267:
1054:. The device depicts a contemporary mounted
525:Toirrdelbach Ua Conchobair, King of Connacht
289:Guðrøðr Crovan, King of Dublin and the Isles
15246:"Manx Memorial Stones of the Viking Period"
15048:. Manchester Medieval Studies. Manchester:
14244:Domination and Lordship: Scotland 1070–1230
13344:Jennings, AP (2001). "Man, Kingdom of". In
12276:Ireland and the Irish Sea Region, 1014–1318
11166:The Historical Works of Giraldus Cambrensis
10930:Celtic Scotland: A History of Ancient Alban
9191:
4691:
4689:
3883:
3881:
2815:
2608:is 25 March, the year of the battle in the
2550:
1556:
1494:
1481:could suggest that he was removed from his
1463:
1327:
1319:
1311:
1301:house were granted the right to select the
1282:
1240:
950:
923:
708:
664:
580:
339:
68:
16311:
16297:
15946:
15932:
15589:
15575:
14611:The Middle Ages: A Very Short Introduction
14530:The Small Isles: Canna, Rum, Eigg and Muck
13468:Strong Bow: The Norman Invasion of Ireland
13089:"Gilchrist, Foster-Brother of King Godred"
12599:Proceedings of the Durham Conference, 2003
12574:. New York: Routledge. pp. 108–1109.
11464:Barra and Skye: Two Hebridean Perspectives
10177:Calendar of Documents Relating to Scotland
10014:
10012:
10010:
7859:
7642:pp. 161 fig. 6c, 184 fig. 11, 189 fig. 16.
7442:
7253:
7251:
6820:
6818:
6773:
6771:
6769:
6062:
6060:
5739:
4503:
3824:
3822:
2686:Niall Mac Lochlainn, King of Cenél nEógain
1475:Roger de Pont l'Evêque, Archbishop of York
1229:Donnchad mac Gilla Brigte, Earl of Carrick
54:
16318:
15204:
14831:The Oxford Illustrated History of Ireland
14441:
14204:
14165:
14137:. New York: Routledge. pp. 471–474.
14118:. New York: Routledge. pp. 466–471.
14099:. New York: Routledge. pp. 295–298.
13988:
13961:
13646:
13627:
13608:
12967:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
12734:
12287:
12126:Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia
12103:Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia
12043:. Manchester: George Falkner & Sons.
12019:. New York: Routledge. pp. 496–497.
12000:. New York: Routledge. pp. 299–302.
10994:
10933:. Vol. 3 (2nd ed.). Edinburgh:
10825:. Vol. 2. Douglas, IM: Manx Society.
10723:
10184:
9065:
8766:pp. 157 fig. 2i, 188 fig. 15, 192 tab. 5.
7117:p. 157 fig. 2a, 163 fig. 8d, 187 fig. 14.
6846:
6179:
5952:
5950:
5948:
5620:
5618:
5477:
5475:
1509:to have met with William and Henry II at
351:Somairle mac Gilla Brigte, Lord of Argyll
224:Somairle mac Gilla Brigte, Lord of Argyll
15269:The Oxford Companion to Scottish History
15199:(PhD thesis). University of St Andrews.
14739:Alba: Celtic Scotland in the Middle Ages
13350:The Oxford Companion to Scottish History
11362:The Anglo-Norman Era in Scottish History
10598:The Register and Records of Holm Cultram
9322:pp. 102–103, 103 n. 10, 106, 106 n. 32;
7955:
7953:
4810:pp. 55–56, 128–129 pl. 2, 162, 204–205;
4686:
4493:
4491:
3878:
1520:
1516:
1487:
1456:
1424:
1355:
1271:
1233:
1160:
1137:Lorcán Ua Tuathail, Archbishop of Dublin
1085:
1041:
992:
903:
855:
811:
749:ongoing civil war in the Norwegian realm
729:
701:
649:
600:
563:
429:
372:
326:
287:, a Norse-Gaelic kindred descended from
270:
15309:. Edinburgh: Birlinn. pp. 94–109.
14765:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
14656:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
14436:(MA thesis). University of St Andrews.
14030:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
13641:(PhD thesis). University of Edinburgh.
13192:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
12901:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
12861:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
12821:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
12539:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
12499:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
12493:"Mac Lochlainn, Muirchertach (d. 1166)"
12459:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
12419:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
11326:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
11139:. Vol. 2. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
10215:. Dublin: Irish Archæological Society.
10110:. Vol. 2. London: Oliver and Boyd.
10007:
7248:
6815:
6766:
6057:
3819:
2800:as an outer garment. The simple horned
1353:, another Cistercian house in England.
1120:and the twelfth- to thirteenth-century
1064:Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair, King of Connacht
987:Diarmait Mac Murchada, King of Leinster
645:
240:Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair, King of Connacht
14:
17016:
16440:Margaret of Denmark, Queen of Scotland
15440:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371
14278:Alexander II, King of Scots, 1214–1249
13153:(PhD thesis). Trinity College, Dublin.
13093:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371
12855:"Mac Murchada, Diarmait (c.1110–1171)"
11147:The Register of the Priory of St. Bees
10521:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371
10487:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371
10453:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371
10419:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371
10385:People of Medieval Scotland, 1093–1371
5945:
5615:
5472:
5129:
3325:
3323:
3310:
3308:
2214:
2210:
2198:
2105:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1978:
1885:
1781:
1777:
1765:
1668:
1645:
1641:
807:
678:record that, in 1158, the sheriffs of
314:The thirteenth- to fourteenth-century
27:King of Dublin and the Isles (d. 1187)
16292:
15927:
15570:
11248:Argyll: An Inventory of the Monuments
9776:Argyll: An Inventory of the Monuments
7950:
6703:Argyll: An Inventory of the Monuments
6684:Argyll: An Inventory of the Monuments
6645:Argyll: An Inventory of the Monuments
6615:Argyll: An Inventory of the Monuments
6585:Argyll: An Inventory of the Monuments
6206:Argyll: An Inventory of the Monuments
6172:Argyll: An Inventory of the Monuments
4488:
2703:Ottar mac meic Ottair, King of Dublin
2322:
2319:
2309:
2292:
2282:
2278:
2266:
2259:
2249:
2232:
2222:
2218:
2195:
2185:
2173:
2163:
2159:
2147:
2145:
2135:
2123:
2113:
2109:
2093:
2086:
2076:
2064:
2054:
2050:
2038:
2036:
2026:
2014:
2004:
2000:
1975:
1965:
1953:
1943:
1939:
1927:
1925:
1915:
1903:
1893:
1889:
1873:
1871:
1861:
1849:
1839:
1835:
1823:
1821:
1811:
1799:
1789:
1785:
1758:
1748:
1736:
1726:
1722:
1710:
1708:
1698:
1686:
1676:
1672:
1656:
1649:
523:, an office then held by the elderly
460:
15436:"Godred, King of the Isles (d.1187)"
15151:Medieval Church Councils in Scotland
14417:. London: Canterbury Press Norwich.
13163:The Cambridge History of Scandinavia
11886:The Journal of Scottish Name Studies
11179:
11017:Chronica Magistri Rogeri de Houedene
10747:. Oslo: Julius Thømtes Boktrykkeri.
10556:Viking Society for Northern Research
10550:Finlay, A; Faulkes, A, eds. (2015).
3179:
3177:
3000:
2998:
2511:. Guðrøðr has also been accorded an
1761:Óláfr Guðrøðarson, King of the Isles
1593:Guðrøðr died on 10 November 1187 on
1046:Nineteenth-century depiction of the
637:, the contemporary Orcadian warlord
515:Midway through the twelfth-century,
295:. Although the latter's eldest son,
281:Óláfr Guðrøðarson, King of the Isles
15596:
15402:Critical Readings on Global Slavery
14617:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
13230:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
13047:"1236: Órækja Meiddr ok Heill Gerr"
11152:Publications of the Surtees Society
10953:Publications of the Surtees Society
6031:pp. 116 § iv, 322 § viii, 475 § x;
3320:
3305:
1157:Aligned with the English in Ireland
1081:Ascall mac Ragnaill, King of Dublin
24:
15679:
14299:. Union, NJ: The Lawbook Exchange.
12105:. Vol. 2. Santa Barbara, CA:
10711:Heimskringla: Nóregs Konunga Sögur
10690:The Queen's Most Excellent Majesty
10032:
8288:Macdonald; McQuillan; Young (n.d.)
8244:Macdonald; McQuillan; Young (n.d.)
3710:Macdonald; McQuillan; Young (n.d.)
3494:Macdonald; McQuillan; Young (n.d.)
3300:Macdonald; McQuillan; Young (n.d.)
3157:Macdonald; McQuillan; Young (n.d.)
2648:. It is similar to other Manx and
2532:, is noted by the twelfth-century
1069:Richard de Clare, Earl of Pembroke
1052:Richard de Clare, Earl of Pembroke
509:laid in their armed galley-fleets.
25:
17065:
15428:
14866:. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press.
14591:"Reports of District Secretaries"
14135:Medieval Ireland: An Encyclopedia
14116:Medieval Ireland: An Encyclopedia
14097:Medieval Ireland: An Encyclopedia
13807:. The New Middle Ages. New York:
12572:Medieval Ireland: An Encyclopedia
12223:Cambridge Medieval Celtic Studies
12017:Medieval Ireland: An Encyclopedia
11998:Medieval Ireland: An Encyclopedia
11878:"The Gall-Ghàidheil and Galloway"
11457:"Skye From Somerled to A.D. 1500"
10948:Liber Vitae Ecclesiae Dunelmensis
10839:. Oxford Medieval Texts. Oxford:
10339:Longmans, Green, Reader, and Dyer
10197:The Coucher Book of Furness Abbey
9032:Antonsson; Crumplin; Conti (2007)
6079:Antonsson; Crumplin; Conti (2007)
3174:
2995:
1098:According to the twelfth-century
1038:Opposed to the English in Ireland
899:
16653:Port an Eilean Mhòir boat burial
16567:Scottish–Norwegian War (1262-66)
15785:Gofraid mac Amlaíb meic Ragnaill
15446:
15069:The Cambridge History of Ireland
14327:Cambrian Medieval Celtic Studies
14306:Cambrian Medieval Celtic Studies
14067:The Cambridge History of Ireland
14001:Cambrian Medieval Celtic Studies
13805:Studies in the Medieval Atlantic
11845:10.1179/007660909X12457506806243
11117:. Oslo: Brøgger & Christie.
10955:. London: J.B. Nichols and Son.
9995:
9983:
9951:
9935:
9923:
9875:
9863:
9847:
9799:
9783:
9756:
9732:
9720:
9708:
9688:
9668:
9652:
9636:
9620:
9604:
9569:
9553:
9541:
9525:
9509:
9477:
9445:
9421:
9405:
9393:
9381:
9357:
9345:
9309:
9293:
9281:
9269:
9253:
9237:
9225:
9213:
9171:
9155:
9143:
9131:
9092:
9053:
9041:
9025:
9009:
8997:
8981:
8969:
8949:
8929:
8917:
8905:
8893:
8881:
8865:
8853:
8829:
8817:
8797:
8785:
8769:
8764:Caldwell; Hall; Wilkinson (2009)
8757:
8714:
8686:
8674:
8644:
8609:
8574:
8562:
8542:
8523:
8511:
8495:
8483:
8471:
8424:
8392:
8373:
8349:
8309:
8293:
8265:
8249:
8209:
8189:
8165:
8141:
8101:
8085:
8057:
8045:
8033:
8021:
8001:
7989:
7965:
7930:
7843:
7827:
7807:
7765:
7749:
7737:
7717:
7705:
7693:
7645:
7640:Caldwell; Hall; Wilkinson (2009)
7633:
7617:
7601:
7577:
7561:
7549:
7533:
7513:
7497:
7481:
7457:
7430:
7399:
7379:
7351:
7335:
7319:
7307:
7291:
7279:
7263:
7208:
7120:
7115:Caldwell; Hall; Wilkinson (2009)
7108:
7088:
7062:
7024:
7008:
6970:
6944:
6928:
6830:
6795:
6783:
6754:
6742:
6710:
6691:
6672:
6652:
6633:
6599:
6569:
6557:
6541:
6505:
6489:
6469:
6453:
6421:
6393:
6381:
6369:
6327:
6275:
6148:
6124:
6112:
6096:
6084:
6072:
6022:
5921:
5909:
5893:
5881:
5837:
5821:
5809:
5785:
5773:
5754:
5719:
5646:
5630:
5560:
5531:
5515:
5499:
5487:
5460:
5396:
5384:
4143:Caldwell; Hall; Wilkinson (2009)
4127:Caldwell; Hall; Wilkinson (2009)
4115:Caldwell; Hall; Wilkinson (2009)
4099:Caldwell; Hall; Wilkinson (2009)
4087:Caldwell; Hall; Wilkinson (2009)
2914:
2897:
2887:
2858:
2836:
2813:The diocese is generally called
2807:
2786:
2769:
2750:
2737:
2708:
2691:
2678:
2665:
2655:
2638:
2628:
2615:
2598:
1094:of the so-called Lewis chessmen.
1001:of the so-called Lewis chessmen.
912:of the so-called Lewis chessmen.
819:, the oldest intact building on
483:
469:
434:Fourteenth-century depiction of
32:Gofraid mac Amlaíb meic Ragnaill
14922:Henry the Young King, 1155–1183
11756:The Wars of Scotland, 1214–1371
11462:. In Kruse, A; Ross, A (eds.).
10675:Her Majesty's Stationery Office
9162:Ekrem; Mortensen; Fisher (2006)
9099:Ekrem; Mortensen; Fisher (2006)
9075:Ekrem; Mortensen; Fisher (2006)
8988:Ekrem; Mortensen; Fisher (2006)
6626:Reports of District Secretaries
6592:Reports of District Secretaries
5372:
5360:
5276:
5257:
5229:
5141:
5110:
5094:
5070:
5058:
5046:
5014:
4948:
4888:
4860:
4848:
4821:
4793:
4782:pp. 56, 79, 204–205, 216, 221;
4769:
4753:
4733:
4713:
4658:
4646:
4634:
4618:
4590:
4578:
4456:
4444:
4432:
4416:
4364:
4344:
4332:
4300:
4267:Ekrem; Mortensen; Fisher (2006)
4240:
4220:
4204:
4176:
4148:
4132:
4120:
4104:
4092:
4080:
4044:
4012:
4000:
3981:
3969:
3953:
3937:
3925:
3913:
3866:
3834:
3791:
3743:
3731:
3715:
3643:
3631:
3615:
3587:
3575:
3563:
3511:
3499:
3483:
3375:
3363:
3358:Ekrem; Mortensen; Fisher (2006)
3351:
3335:
3293:
3281:
2699:Páll Hákonarson, Earl of Orkney
2583:
2569:
2559:
2522:
2381:
1403:an ecclesiast of his own choice
1364:of the so-called Lewis chessmen
1219:). He reached Down (modern day
1123:La Geste des Engleis en Yrlande
985:, this peace was reached after
736:Ingi Haraldsson, King of Norway
408:Ingi Haraldsson, King of Norway
368:
301:Magnús Óláfsson, King of Norway
214:, forging closer ties with the
212:Ingi Haraldsson, King of Norway
14297:The Growth of Scandinavian Law
10836:The Life of Ailred of Rievaulx
10623:. Vol. 2, pt. 1. Oxford:
10552:Snorri Sturluson: Heimskringla
8776:Caldwell; Hall; Wilkinson 2009
7921:Wright; Forester; Hoare (1905)
7798:Wright; Forester; Hoare (1905)
7684:Wright; Forester; Hoare (1905)
3265:
3249:
3189:
3162:
3010:
2955:
2936:
2796:with two hands, and wearing a
2459:in English secondary sources:
1305:. Guðrøðr granted the English
519:pressed forth to claim to the
501:(image a; detail, image b), a
13:
1:
15684:Sigtrygg Silkbeard (989–1029)
13769:. Dublin: Four Courts Press.
12172:University of Cambridge Press
11320:"Swein Asleiffson (d. 1171?)"
11049:"Song of Dermot and the Earl"
11029:"Song of Dermot and the Earl"
10987:Islandske Annaler Indtil 1578
10118:; Anderson, AO, eds. (1938).
10041:"AM 47 Fol (E) – Eirspennill"
10027:
7792:pp. 164, 166 (§§ 2257–2272);
7777:pp. 165, 167 (§§ 2257–2272);
6763:pp. 150, 260–261, 260 n. 121.
4089:pp. 156 fig. 1b, 163 fig. 8e.
2845:Haraldr gilli, King of Norway
1631:Ancestors of Guðrøðr Óláfsson
1529:and St German's Cathedral on
1297:, in which the monks of this
1009:, Vivian, Cardinal priest of
266:
14789:UK public library membership
14680:UK public library membership
14054:UK public library membership
13873:. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan.
13216:UK public library membership
12925:UK public library membership
12885:UK public library membership
12845:UK public library membership
12563:UK public library membership
12523:UK public library membership
12483:UK public library membership
12443:UK public library membership
12413:"Courcy, John de (d. 1219?)"
12356:. Vol. 20. Woodbridge:
11420:The Journal of Legal History
11350:UK public library membership
10810:. Vol. 1. Douglas, IM:
10632:Hollander, LM, ed. (2011) .
10156:"Annals of the Four Masters"
10138:(3 December 2013 ed.).
10130:"Annals of the Four Masters"
8745:Grainger; Collingwood (1929)
7781:pp. 135–136, 135–136 n. 24;
6296:pp. 54, 67–68, 85, 111–113;
5977:Forte; Oram; Pedersen (2005)
5932:Forte; Oram; Pedersen (2005)
5904:Forte; Oram; Pedersen (2005)
5868:Forte; Oram; Pedersen (2005)
5802:pp. 136–137, 136 n. 1, 189;
5419:Forte; Oram; Pedersen (2005)
5311:Forte; Oram; Pedersen (2005)
5176:Forte; Oram; Pedersen (2005)
3534:Forte; Oram; Pedersen (2005)
3069:Forte; Oram; Pedersen (2005)
2930:
455:Malcolm IV, King of Scotland
48:King of Dublin and the Isles
7:
17054:Monarchs of the Isle of Man
17029:12th-century Irish monarchs
16415:Ingibjörg the Earls'-Mother
15050:Manchester University Press
13665:Medieval Ireland, 1169–1534
13599:(PhD thesis). Vol. 1.
13495:(PhD thesis). Vol. 1.
13327:10.1007/978-3-319-64090-7_7
12797:. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
11783:(PhD thesis). Vol. 1.
11364:. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
11154:. Durham: Andrews & Co.
7788:Song of Dermot and the Earl
7773:Song of Dermot and the Earl
6176:pp. 245 § 12, 249–250 § 12.
3804:pp. xv tab. 4, xvi tab. 5;
3756:pp. xv tab. 4, xvi tab. 5;
2864:Today Niðaróss is known as
2759:Dublin Annals of Inisfallen
2544:, daughter of Henry I. The
1622:
1295:abbey of St Mary of Furness
1194:William I, King of Scotland
400:Wimund, Bishop of the Isles
10:
17070:
16955:Associated clans and septs
14348:Scottish Historical Review
14226:. Edinburgh: John Donald.
14177:Scottish Historical Review
13906:Scottish Historical Review
13684:Scottish Historical Review
13376:Scottish Historical Review
12988:Liverpool University Press
12152:Monastic Research Bulletin
11760:Edinburgh University Press
11688:. Edinburgh: John Donald.
11382:Scottish Historical Review
11093:Corpus of Electronic Texts
11073:Corpus of Electronic Texts
11053:Corpus of Electronic Texts
11033:Corpus of Electronic Texts
10788:. Vol. 1. Edinburgh:
10347:"Diplomatarium Norvegicum"
10255:"Cotton MS Domitian A VII"
10231:; Márkus, G, eds. (1998).
10194:Brownbill, J, ed. (1919).
10160:Corpus of Electronic Texts
10135:Corpus of Electronic Texts
10104:Anderson, AO, ed. (1922).
8290:pp. 10–12 §§ 2.5.8–2.5.10.
7039:Annals of the Four Masters
7032:Annals of the Four Masters
6959:Annals of the Four Masters
6952:Annals of the Four Masters
4967:Annals of the Four Masters
4960:Annals of the Four Masters
4706:pp. 54–55, 128–129 pl. 1;
4587:pp. 27 tab. 1, 58, 67, 85.
2673:Annals of the Four Masters
2235:William I, King of England
2212:
2204:
2099:
1994:
1990:
1879:
1779:
1771:
1662:
1643:
1347:abbey of St Mary of Rushen
1015:Annals of the Four Masters
970:Annals of the Four Masters
538:Annals of the Four Masters
29:
16953:
16872:
16846:
16808:
16755:
16676:
16585:
16519:
16458:
16435:Margaret, Queen of Norway
16395:Gormflaith ingen Murchada
16367:
16326:
16279:
16201:
16145:
16039:
15996:
15965:
15914:
15860:Toirdelbach Ua Conchobair
15831:
15747:
15691:
15677:
15604:
15554:
15545:
15535:
15526:
15518:
15508:Somairle mac Gilla Brigte
15504:
15495:
15487:
15482:
15461:
15410:10.1163/9789004346611_025
15077:10.1017/9781316275399.010
15013:10.1017/S0038713409990418
14189:10.3366/shr.1993.72.2.111
14075:10.1017/9781316275399.009
13879:10.1007/978-3-030-22026-6
13696:10.3366/shr.1995.74.2.129
12453:"Godred Crovan (d. 1095)"
11564:English Historical Review
11432:10.1080/01440369508531114
11395:10.3366/shr.1994.73.2.222
10642:University of Texas Press
8657:pp. 72–73 § 43, 73 n. 7;
6564:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957)
6552:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957)
6528:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957)
6376:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957)
6360:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957)
6322:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957)
6037:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957)
5997:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957)
5800:Anderson; Anderson (1938)
5698:Liber S. Marie de Calchou
5693:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957)
5591:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957)
5539:Liber S. Marie de Calchou
5510:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957)
5447:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957)
5343:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957)
5244:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957)
5212:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957)
5198:pp. 259–260, 260 n. 114;
4957:pp. 18, 29–30, 30 n. 78;
4113:pp. 168–169, 182 n. 175;
4067:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957)
4053:pp. viii, 59, 62–63, 93;
3782:Duncan; Brown (1956–1957)
3526:Sigurðsson; Bolton (2014)
3330:Sigurðsson; Bolton (2014)
3025:Sigurðsson; Bolton (2014)
2907:before the seat moved to
2644:The stone is carved in a
2530:Henry II, King of England
2465:Godhfhraidh mac Amhlaoibh
2303:
2280:
2272:
2243:
2220:
2216:
2179:
2161:
2153:
2129:
2111:
2107:
2070:
2052:
2044:
2020:
2002:
1998:
1959:
1941:
1933:
1909:
1891:
1887:
1855:
1837:
1829:
1805:
1787:
1783:
1742:
1724:
1716:
1692:
1674:
1670:
1420:Archdiocese of St Andrews
1383:Archdiocese of Canterbury
1351:monastery of Holm Cultram
1268:Ecclesiastical activities
1151:Henry II, King of England
1011:St Stephen in Celio Monte
835:Somairle was slain in an
355:David I, King of Scotland
199:and Affraic, daughter of
174:
164:
152:
121:
113:
99:
87:
79:
53:
46:
41:
16430:Margaret, Maid of Norway
16380:Bethóc, Prioress of Iona
16097:Diarmait mac Maíl na mBó
15916:^ Disputed * Speculative
15775:Diarmait mac Máel na mBó
15399:
15372:
15240:
15213:
15194:
15171:
15148:
15126:10.3366/inr.1994.45.2.99
15093:
14919:
14884:The Welsh History Review
14880:
14822:
14795:
14755:
14646:
14631:
14615:Very Short Introductions
14509:The West Highland Galley
14450:
14431:
14412:
14345:
14324:
14303:
14294:
14224:The Lordship of Galloway
14158:University of St Andrews
14061:Ní Mhaonaigh, M (2018).
13970:
13940:
13903:
13868:
13833:
13802:
13681:
13636:
13617:
13594:
13530:
13503:
13259:10.1179/174587008X256593
13052:. In Tómasson, S (ed.).
13017:Dublin Historical Record
13004:
12981:
12688:10.9750/PSAS.090.192.220
12623:
12569:
12529:
12449:
12409:
12382:
12347:
12319:
12296:
12273:
12219:
12162:
12142:
12123:
12096:
12033:
11970:
11791:
11776:
11725:
11702:
11686:The Campbells, 1250–1513
11680:
11560:
11534:
11495:
11454:
11417:
11356:
11269:
11159:Wright, T; Forester, T;
11013:
10819:Oliver, JR, ed. (1861).
10768:James MacLehose and Sons
10760:Lawrie, AC, ed. (1910).
10741:Jónsson, F, ed. (1916).
10667:Howlett, R, ed. (1889).
10572:
10515:
10481:
10447:
10413:
10379:
10351:Dokumentasjonsprosjektet
10334:Giraldi Cambrensis Opera
10291:"Cotton MS Julius A VII"
10193:
9989:
9977:
9909:
9897:
9884:pp. 24, 46, 48, 66, 77;
9881:
9853:
9829:
9825:
9805:
9793:
9789:
9762:
9746:
9742:
9726:
9714:
9702:
9698:
9694:
9682:
9678:
9595:
9587:
9575:
9559:
9531:
9515:
9495:
9483:
9451:
9427:
9415:
9411:
9387:
9367:
9351:
9275:
9185:
9181:
9177:
9149:
9124:Diplomatarium Norvegicum
9114:
9086:
9019:
9003:
8963:
8955:
8935:
8923:
8911:
8899:
8887:
8875:
8847:
8843:
8839:
8811:
8807:
8803:
8748:
8740:
8736:
8732:
8692:
8665:
8658:
8650:
8635:
8627:
8623:
8600:
8592:
8588:
8580:
8552:
8505:
8477:
8465:
8461:
8457:
8430:
8418:
8414:
8410:
8406:
8398:
8367:
8359:
8339:
8335:
8331:
8323:
8319:
8315:
8287:
8283:
8279:
8259:
8243:
8239:
8235:
8231:
8227:
8203:
8183:
8179:
8171:
8159:
8155:
8135:
8127:
8123:
8079:
8051:
8039:
8027:
8015:
7979:
7916:
7908:
7900:
7892:
7876:
7872:
7871:pp. 145–146, 146 n. 80;
7833:
7817:
7727:
7711:
7675:
7671:
7667:
7611:
7591:
7527:
7507:
7471:
7436:
7393:
7373:
7369:
7361:
7285:
7257:
7234:
7214:
7186:
7174:
7166:
7138:
7130:
7126:
7098:
7082:
7052:
7014:
6998:
6964:
6914:
6906:
6863:
6840:
6801:
6777:
6760:
6728:
6724:
6716:
6697:
6678:
6666:
6658:
6639:
6609:
6579:
6575:
6523:
6511:
6499:
6483:
6475:
6463:
6439:
6399:
6355:
6317:
6313:
6305:
6297:
6269:
6257:
6253:
6245:
6226:
6222:
6192:
6188:
6154:
6130:
6118:
6048:
5988:
5984:
5960:
5939:
5859:
5847:
5729:
5725:
5710:
5705:Diplomatarium Norvegicum
5684:
5680:
5660:
5608:Diplomatarium Norvegicum
5574:
5566:
5551:
5546:Diplomatarium Norvegicum
5466:
5438:
5434:
5417:pp. 92, 113, 121 n. 86;
5402:
5330:
5326:
5306:
5290:
5286:
5282:
5239:
5203:
5199:
5195:
5167:
5151:
5147:
5122:Cotton MS Domitian A VII
5076:
5020:
4996:
4984:
4954:
4938:
4894:
4878:
4854:
4839:
4831:
4811:
4799:
4783:
4775:
4759:
4747:
4723:
4719:
4707:
4695:
4676:
4608:
4560:
4552:
4544:
4524:
4512:
4470:
4450:
4438:
4422:
4398:
4394:
4390:
4382:
4370:
4358:
4278:
4254:
4230:
4138:
4110:
4054:
4050:
4026:
3848:
3844:
3840:
3809:
3797:
3761:
3749:
3725:
3709:
3701:
3673:
3653:
3649:
3625:
3605:
3581:
3549:
3525:
3517:
3505:
3493:
3489:
3469:
3465:
3457:
3453:
3429:
3425:
3413:
3405:
3389:
3385:
3369:
3345:
3329:
3314:
3299:
3275:
3243:
3235:
3231:
3223:
3215:
3156:
3152:
3144:
3140:
3124:
3112:
3104:
3096:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3080:
3064:
3040:
3028:
3024:
3016:
2989:
2981:
2973:
2969:
2965:
2884:, and one in the Isles).
2540:. Henry II's mother was
2375:
2262:Henry I, King of England
2196:3. Affraic ingen Fergusa
1547:Baile suthach síth Emhna
1391:Archbishop of Canterbury
1186:Chronicle of Northampton
774:Hákonar saga herðibreiðs
754:Hákonar saga herðibreiðs
582:Dunegal filius Sumerledi
521:high-kingship of Ireland
436:Fergus, Lord of Galloway
322:Fergus, Lord of Galloway
305:Henry I, King of England
207:descended from Guðrøðr.
201:Fergus, Lord of Galloway
30:Not to be confused with
16506:Thorbjorn Thorsteinsson
16425:Máel Muire ingen Amlaíb
16102:Echmarcach mac Ragnaill
15870:Conchobar Ua Conchobair
15355:
15336:
15323:
15304:
15285:
15263:
15106:
15066:
15043:
14996:
14969:
14950:
14861:
14737:; McDonald, RA (eds.).
14729:
14686:
14608:
14589:
14556:
14525:
14506:
14483:
14382:
14275:
14240:
14221:
14174:
14151:
14132:
14113:
14091:
14060:
14020:
13997:
13817:10.1057/9781137062390_6
13783:
13764:
13745:
13726:
13655:
13601:University of Edinburgh
13558:
13488:
13465:
13410:
13370:
13343:
13312:
13289:
13244:
13222:
13186:"Henry I (1068/9–1135)"
13179:
13157:
13143:
13121:
13087:
13060:
13044:
13013:
12958:
12931:
12891:
12851:
12811:
12792:
12753:
12727:Museum Tusculanum Press
12718:
12661:
12642:
12588:
12489:
12280:Trinity College, Dublin
12234:
12188:
12055:
12014:
11995:
11943:
11920:
11875:
11830:
11750:
11653:
11630:
11607:
11378:
11316:
11297:
11245:
11217:
11186:
11158:
11144:Wilson, J, ed. (1915).
11143:
11129:
11107:
11087:
11067:
11047:
11027:
11014:Stubbs, W, ed. (1871).
10981:
10967:
10941:
10923:
10889:
10881:. Vol. 2. London:
10871:
10841:Oxford University Press
10829:
10818:
10796:
10782:
10759:
10740:
10704:
10682:Hunter, J, ed. (1844).
10681:
10666:
10631:
10609:
10590:
10554:. Vol. 3. London:
10549:
10345:
10327:
10289:
10253:
10227:
10209:Butler, R, ed. (1845).
10208:
10186:2027/mdp.39015014807203
10174:
10154:
10140:University College Cork
10128:
10114:
10103:
10077:
10039:
10018:
10001:
9973:
9969:
9965:
9961:
9957:
9945:
9941:
9929:
9917:
9913:
9905:
9901:
9893:
9889:
9885:
9869:
9857:
9841:
9837:
9833:
9821:
9817:
9813:
9809:
9774:
9770:
9766:
9750:
9738:
9674:
9662:
9658:
9646:
9642:
9630:
9626:
9614:
9610:
9591:
9583:
9579:
9563:
9547:
9535:
9519:
9503:
9499:
9491:
9487:
9471:
9467:
9463:
9459:
9455:
9439:
9435:
9431:
9399:
9375:
9371:
9363:
9339:
9335:
9331:
9327:
9323:
9319:
9315:
9303:
9299:
9287:
9263:
9259:
9247:
9243:
9231:
9219:
9204:
9200:
9165:
9161:
9137:
9122:
9118:
9110:
9106:
9102:
9098:
9082:
9078:
9074:
9059:
9047:
9035:
9031:
9015:
8991:
8987:
8975:
8959:
8943:
8939:
8871:
8859:
8835:
8823:
8791:
8779:
8775:
8763:
8744:
8728:
8724:
8720:
8708:
8704:
8700:
8696:
8680:
8654:
8631:
8619:
8615:
8596:
8584:
8568:
8556:
8548:
8533:
8529:
8517:
8501:
8489:
8453:
8449:
8445:
8402:
8383:
8379:
8363:
8355:
8343:
8327:
8303:
8299:
8275:
8271:
8255:
8223:
8219:
8215:
8199:
8195:
8175:
8151:
8147:
8131:
8119:
8115:
8111:
8107:
8095:
8091:
8075:
8071:
8067:
8063:
8011:
8007:
7995:
7983:
7975:
7971:
7959:
7944:
7940:
7936:
7924:
7920:
7912:
7904:
7896:
7888:
7884:
7880:
7868:
7853:
7849:
7837:
7821:
7813:
7801:
7797:
7793:
7786:
7782:
7778:
7771:
7759:
7755:
7743:
7731:
7723:
7699:
7687:
7683:
7679:
7663:
7659:
7655:
7651:
7639:
7627:
7623:
7607:
7595:
7587:
7583:
7571:
7567:
7555:
7543:
7539:
7523:
7519:
7503:
7491:
7487:
7475:
7467:
7463:
7451:
7424:
7420:
7405:
7389:
7385:
7365:
7357:
7345:
7341:
7329:
7325:
7313:
7301:
7297:
7273:
7269:
7242:
7238:
7230:
7226:
7222:
7218:
7202:
7198:
7194:
7190:
7182:
7178:
7170:
7162:
7158:
7154:
7150:
7146:
7142:
7134:
7114:
7102:
7094:
7075:
7068:
7056:
7048:
7044:
7037:
7030:
7018:
7002:
6994:
6990:
6983:
6976:
6957:
6950:
6938:
6934:
6922:
6918:
6910:
6902:
6898:
6894:
6890:
6886:
6882:
6867:
6859:
6855:
6836:
6824:
6809:
6805:
6789:
6748:
6736:
6732:
6720:
6701:
6682:
6662:
6643:
6624:
6620:
6613:
6605:
6590:
6589:p. 212 § 95 figs. a–b;
6583:
6563:
6551:
6547:
6535:
6531:
6527:
6519:
6515:
6495:
6479:
6459:
6447:
6443:
6435:
6431:
6427:
6415:
6411:
6407:
6403:
6387:
6375:
6363:
6359:
6351:
6344:
6340:
6333:
6321:
6309:
6301:
6293:
6289:
6285:
6281:
6265:
6261:
6249:
6230:
6204:
6200:
6196:
6170:
6166:
6162:
6158:
6142:
6138:
6134:
6106:
6102:
6090:
6078:
6066:
6044:
6040:
6036:
6032:
6028:
6016:
6012:
6008:
6004:
6000:
5996:
5992:
5980:
5976:
5972:
5968:
5964:
5956:
5935:
5931:
5927:
5915:
5903:
5899:
5887:
5875:
5871:
5867:
5863:
5855:
5851:
5843:
5831:
5827:
5815:
5803:
5799:
5795:
5791:
5779:
5764:
5760:
5748:
5733:
5703:
5696:
5692:
5688:
5685:McDonald; McLean (1992)
5676:
5672:
5668:
5664:
5656:
5652:
5640:
5636:
5624:
5606:
5602:
5598:
5594:
5590:
5586:
5582:
5578:
5570:
5544:
5537:
5525:
5521:
5509:
5505:
5493:
5481:
5454:
5450:
5446:
5442:
5439:McDonald; McLean (1992)
5430:
5426:
5422:
5418:
5414:
5410:
5406:
5390:
5378:
5366:
5354:
5350:
5346:
5342:
5338:
5334:
5331:McDonald; McLean (1992)
5322:
5318:
5314:
5310:
5302:
5298:
5294:
5267:
5263:
5251:
5247:
5243:
5240:McDonald; McLean (1992)
5235:
5223:
5219:
5215:
5211:
5207:
5204:McDonald; McLean (1992)
5191:
5187:
5183:
5179:
5175:
5171:
5163:
5159:
5155:
5135:
5120:
5116:
5104:
5100:
5088:
5084:
5080:
5064:
5052:
5040:
5036:
5032:
5028:
5024:
5008:
5004:
5000:
4992:
4988:
4980:
4976:
4972:
4965:
4958:
4942:
4934:
4930:
4926:
4922:
4918:
4914:
4910:
4906:
4902:
4898:
4882:
4874:
4870:
4866:
4835:
4827:
4815:
4807:
4803:
4787:
4779:
4763:
4743:
4739:
4730:pp. 120, 128–129 pl. 1.
4727:
4703:
4699:
4680:
4672:
4668:
4664:
4652:
4640:
4628:
4624:
4612:
4604:
4600:
4596:
4584:
4572:
4568:
4564:
4556:
4548:
4540:
4536:
4532:
4528:
4520:
4516:
4497:
4482:
4478:
4474:
4466:
4462:
4426:
4410:
4406:
4402:
4386:
4378:
4374:
4354:
4350:
4338:
4326:
4322:
4318:
4314:
4310:
4306:
4294:
4290:
4286:
4282:
4274:
4270:
4266:
4262:
4258:
4250:
4246:
4234:
4226:
4214:
4210:
4198:
4194:
4182:
4170:
4166:
4162:
4158:
4154:
4142:
4126:
4114:
4098:
4086:
4074:
4070:
4066:
4062:
4058:
4038:
4034:
4030:
4022:
4018:
4006:
3991:
3987:
3975:
3963:
3959:
3947:
3943:
3931:
3919:
3907:
3903:
3899:
3895:
3891:
3887:
3872:
3860:
3856:
3852:
3828:
3813:
3805:
3801:
3785:
3781:
3777:
3773:
3769:
3765:
3757:
3753:
3737:
3721:
3705:
3697:
3693:
3689:
3685:
3681:
3677:
3669:
3665:
3661:
3657:
3637:
3621:
3609:
3601:
3597:
3593:
3569:
3557:
3553:
3545:
3541:
3537:
3533:
3529:
3521:
3477:
3473:
3461:
3449:
3445:
3441:
3437:
3433:
3421:
3417:
3409:
3401:
3397:
3393:
3381:
3357:
3341:
3287:
3271:
3259:
3255:
3239:
3227:
3219:
3211:
3207:
3203:
3199:
3195:
3183:
3168:
3148:
3141:McDonald; McLean (1992)
3136:
3132:
3128:
3120:
3116:
3108:
3100:
3076:
3072:
3068:
3060:
3056:
3052:
3048:
3044:
3036:
3032:
3020:
3004:
2985:
2977:
2961:
2946:
2942:
2824:
2729:
2721:
1452:Archdiocese of Niðaróss
1168:of Guðrøðr's daughter,
959:
939:
625:inconclusive sea-battle
614:
195:. Guðrøðr was a son of
117:Findguala Nic Lochlainn
16450:Ragnhildis Olafsdottir
16271:Dubhghall mac Ruaidhrí
16229:Ruaidhrí mac Raghnaill
15685:
15195:Williams, DGE (1997).
14920:Strickland, M (2016).
14864:From Kings to Warlords
14774:10.1093/ref:odnb/26782
14534:. Edinburgh: Birlinn.
14511:. Edinburgh: Birlinn.
14280:. Edinburgh: Birlinn.
14039:10.1093/ref:odnb/20672
13765:McDonald, RA (2007b).
13618:Mac Lean, DG (1985b).
13595:Mac Lean, DG (1985a).
13504:MacDonald, IG (2013).
13435:10.9750/PSAS.050.50.62
13201:10.1093/ref:odnb/12948
12963:; Pedersen, F (2005).
12910:10.1093/ref:odnb/20522
12892:Flanagan, MT (2004c).
12870:10.1093/ref:odnb/17697
12852:Flanagan, MT (2004b).
12812:Flanagan, MT (2004a).
12548:10.1093/ref:odnb/50617
12508:10.1093/ref:odnb/20745
12468:10.1093/ref:odnb/50613
12428:10.1093/ref:odnb/50616
12195:University of Aberdeen
11971:Crawford, DKE (2016).
11927:Dunedin Academic Press
11335:10.1093/ref:odnb/49359
11298:Barrell, ADM (2002) .
11171:George Bell & Sons
11089:"The Annals of Ulster"
11069:"The Annals of Ulster"
10744:Eirspennill: Am 47 Fol
10603:British History Online
10200:. Vol. 2, pt. 3.
9470:pp. 296–297, 313–314;
9206:Cotton MS Julius A VII
8535:Cotton MS Julius A VII
8385:Cotton MS Julius A VII
7161:pp. 68, 71, 171, 185;
5957:Finlay; Faulkes (2015)
5766:Cotton MS Julius A VII
3993:Cotton MS Julius A VII
2816:
2551:
2489:Gofraidh mac Amhlaoibh
2477:Gofhraidh mac Amhlaíbh
1581:
1557:
1534:
1501:
1495:
1470:
1464:
1434:
1365:
1328:
1320:
1312:
1289:
1283:
1259:kingship to the rival
1247:
1241:
1181:
1095:
1059:
1002:
951:
924:
913:
888:who were opponents of
861:
832:
743:
715:
709:
671:
666:Godredo Rege Insularum
665:
620:
587:
581:
445:
390:
346:
340:
276:
69:
16854:Scottish island names
16677:Artifacts and culture
16354:Mormaers of Caithness
16320:Scandinavian Scotland
16224:Somairle mac Dubgaill
16193:Aonghus mac Somhairle
16188:Rǫgnvaldr Guðrøðarson
15780:Toirdelbach Ua Briain
15683:
15539:Rǫgnvaldr Guðrøðarson
15326:Mediaeval Scandinavia
14926:Yale University Press
14650:"Adrian IV (d. 1159)"
14295:Orfield, LB (2002) .
14065:. In Smith, B (ed.).
13971:McIntire, WT (1943).
13941:McIntire, WT (1941).
13869:McDonald, RA (2019).
13844:10.4324/9781315630755
13727:McDonald, RA (1997).
13290:Jamroziak, E (2011).
13129:. The Boydell Press.
12932:Flanagan, MT (2010).
12830:10.1093/ref:odnb/5447
12793:Flanagan, MT (1989).
12736:10.26530/OAPEN_342356
11806:10.4324/9781315630755
11785:University of Glasgow
11726:Broderick, G (2003).
11631:Beuermann, I (2012).
11535:Beuermann, I (2008).
10297:. n.d. Archived from
10175:Bain, J, ed. (1881).
10047:. n.d. Archived from
9500:Clancy; Márkus (1998)
9119:Haddan; Stubbs (1873)
7203:Haddan; Stubbs (1873)
6963:§§ 1154.12, 1154.13;
6956:§§ 1154.12, 1154.13;
6723:pp. 85–86, 85 n. 88;
4397:pp. 41–42, 42 n. 59;
2734:("Southern Islands").
1577:
1558:Rotherico, fratre meo
1524:
1517:Death and descendants
1491:
1460:
1428:
1359:
1275:
1237:
1164:
1089:
1045:
996:
907:
859:
837:unsuccessful invasion
815:
772:. Be that as it may,
733:
721:Chronicle of Holyrood
705:
653:
604:
567:
433:
376:
341:Godredus filius Olavi
330:
279:Guðrøðr was a son of
274:
178:Affraic ingen Fergusa
16873:Battles and treaties
16527:Kingdom of the Isles
16445:Ragnhild Eriksdotter
16400:Gunnhild Gormsdóttir
16390:Cacht ingen Ragnaill
16241:Guðrøðr Rǫgnvaldsson
16219:Dubgall mac Dubgaill
16183:Ragnall mac Somairle
16178:Dubgall mac Somairle
16092:Murchad mac Diarmata
15959:Kingdom of the Isles
15790:Domnall mac Murchada
15770:Murchad mac Diarmata
15714:Blácaire mac Gofraid
15548:Notes and references
15512:Dubgall mac Somairle
15455:at Wikimedia Commons
15180:. pp. 396–410.
15178:Blackwell Publishing
14759:"Somerled (d. 1164)"
14756:Sellar, WDH (2004).
14665:10.1093/ref:odnb/173
14632:Salvucci, G (2005).
14567:10.1484/J.Peri.3.536
14461:10.1484/J.Peri.3.537
14432:Prescott, J (2009).
14024:"Olaf (1173/4–1237)"
13811:. pp. 143–184.
13637:Macniven, A (2006).
13550:: CS1 maint: year (
13321:. pp. 119–129.
13144:Griffin, PC (2002).
13113:: CS1 maint: year (
12990:. pp. 103–122.
12757:Archivium Hibernicum
12665:; Brown, AL (1959).
12533:"Ragnvald (d. 1229)"
12395:. pp. 348–356.
12354:Anglo-Norman Studies
12197:. pp. 157–178.
12109:. pp. 418–420.
11833:Medieval Archaeology
11800:. pp. 350–368.
11512:10.1484/J.Peri.3.497
11455:Barrow, GWS (2006).
11195:. pp. 169–193.
10915:: CS1 maint: year (
10891:"Royal MS 13 B VIII"
10541:: CS1 maint: year (
10507:: CS1 maint: year (
10473:: CS1 maint: year (
10439:: CS1 maint: year (
10405:: CS1 maint: year (
10371:: CS1 maint: year (
10319:: CS1 maint: year (
10281:: CS1 maint: year (
10069:: CS1 maint: year (
9910:Williams, DGE (1997)
9896:pp. 70–71, 94, 170;
9824:pp. 70–71, 94, 170;
9695:Crawford, DKE (2016)
9050:pp. 22–23, 22 n. 21.
8581:Crawford, DKE (2016)
7923:pp. 221–222 (§ 22);
7800:pp. 219–221 (§ 21);
7686:pp. 213–215 (§ 17);
7149:p. 195, 195 n. 123;
7077:The Annals of Ulster
7070:The Annals of Ulster
6985:The Annals of Ulster
6978:The Annals of Ulster
6761:Williams, DGE (1997)
6725:Williams, DGE (1997)
6500:Williams, DGE (1997)
6484:Williams, DGE (1997)
6440:Williams, DGE (1997)
6346:The Annals of Ulster
6335:The Annals of Ulster
6314:Williams, DGE (1997)
6015:pp. 772–773 ch. 17;
6011:pp. 629–630 ch. 17;
6007:pp. 609–610 ch. 17;
5959:pp. 228–229 ch. 17;
5940:Williams, DGE (1997)
5196:Williams, DGE (1997)
4987:p. 141, 141 n. 121;
4553:Williams, DGE (1997)
4391:Williams, DGE (1997)
3315:Williams, DGE (1997)
2764:Expugnatio Hibernica
1431:Diocese of the Isles
1399:Archbishop of Dublin
1370:Diocese of the Isles
1317:" (Dhoon Glen) and "
1284:Sodorensis episcopus
1174:Carrickfergus Castle
1142:Expugnatio Hibernica
1135:records that he and
1133:Expugnatio Hibernica
1118:Expugnatio Hibernica
1101:Expugnatio Hibernica
763:. The fact that the
646:Exile from the Isles
293:Kingdom of the Isles
63:Expugnatio Hibernica
16742:St Magnus Cathedral
16618:Cubbie Roo's Castle
16562:Davidian Revolution
16405:Helga Moddansdóttir
16375:Aud the Deep-Minded
16256:Haraldr Guðrøðarson
16214:Donnchadh of Argyll
16137:Sigurðr Jórsalafari
16122:Lǫgmaðr Guðrøðarson
16107:Gofraid mac Sitriuc
16072:Lagmann mac Gofraid
16067:Thorfinn the Mighty
16047:Ragnall mac Gofraid
15875:Conchobar Ua Briain
15855:Domnall Gerrlámhach
15845:Domnall Gerrlámhach
15822:Domnall Gerrlámhach
15719:Gofraid mac Sitriuc
15649:Sichfrith mac Ímair
14897:10.16922/whr.24.1.1
14647:Sayers, JE (2004).
14484:Ritchie, A (1997).
14021:McNamee, C (2005).
13466:Kostick, C (2013).
12597:; Frame, R (eds.).
12303:The Hambledon Press
11908:on 24 November 2018
11876:Clancy, TO (2008).
11746:on 7 February 2009.
11732:Studeyrys Manninagh
11317:Barrett, J (2004).
9586:pp. 27 tab. 1; 75;
9466:pp. 27 tab. 1; 71;
9456:Ní Mhaonaigh (2018)
9316:Crawford, BE (2014)
9300:Crawford, BE (2014)
8518:Ní Mhaonaigh (2018)
8446:Ní Mhaonaigh (2018)
8108:Ní Mhaonaigh (2018)
7937:Ní Mhaonaigh (2018)
7927:pp. 265–266 (§ 22).
7903:p. 288, 288 n. 59;
7901:Purcell (2003–2004)
7869:Ní Mhaonaigh (2018)
7818:Purcell (2003–2004)
7804:pp. 263–265 (§ 21).
7746:p. 132, 132 n. 184.
7734:p. 132, 132 n. 184.
7690:pp. 256–258 (§ 17).
7668:Purcell (2003–2004)
7270:Ní Mhaonaigh (2018)
7145:p. 172, 172 n. 86;
6883:Ní Mhaonaigh (2018)
6621:Kermode (1915–1916)
6019:pp. 293–294 ch. 17.
5971:p. 112, 112 n. 43;
4681:Kermode (1915–1916)
4675:pp. 114–115 pl. 1;
4671:pp. 128–129 pl. 1;
4517:Crawford, BE (2014)
4381:p. 171, 171 n. 84;
4307:Crawford, BE (2014)
4283:Jennings, AP (2001)
3594:Ní Mhaonaigh (2018)
3554:Jennings, AP (2001)
3522:Crawford, BE (2014)
3276:Purcell (2003–2004)
3196:Ní Mhaonaigh (2018)
3117:Jennings, AP (2001)
3021:Crawford, BE (2014)
2295:Matilda of Flanders
1588:concerning Guðrøðr.
1387:Archdiocese of York
1362:bishop gaming piece
1303:Bishop of the Isles
1278:Bishop of the Isles
910:knight gaming piece
808:Return to the Isles
654:Nineteenth-century
357:, Somairle married
17049:Monarchs of Dublin
16736:Sen dollotar Ulaid
16690:Chronicles of Mann
16410:Ingeborg of Norway
16251:Rǫgnvaldr Óláfsson
16173:Rǫgnvaldr Óláfsson
16112:Fingal mac Gofraid
16052:Amlaíb mac Sitriuc
16031:Gofraid mac Arailt
15901:Gofraid mac Amlaíb
15739:Sigtrygg Silkbeard
15709:Amlaíb mac Gofraid
15686:
15522:Rǫgnvaldr Óláfsson
15149:Watt, DER (2000).
14951:Taylor, A (2016).
14862:Simms, K (2000) .
14687:Scott, JG (1988).
14561:. 17–18: 256–275.
14526:Rixson, D (2001).
14507:Rixson, D (1982).
14455:. 17–18: 276–294.
14276:Oram, RD (2013) .
13809:Palgrave Macmillan
13319:Palgrave Macmillan
13296:Brepols Publishers
12530:Duffy, S (2004d).
12490:Duffy, S (2004c).
12450:Duffy, S (2004b).
12410:Duffy, S (2004a).
12360:. pp. 69–85.
12143:Davey, PJ (2008).
11921:Coira, MP (2012).
11777:Butter, R (2007).
11711:. pp. 85–93.
11577:10.1093/ehr/cep261
11571:(510): 1148–1149.
10974:Norges Kongesagaer
10716:G.E.C. Gads Forlag
10051:on 26 January 2016
9918:Munch; Goss (1874)
9842:Munch; Goss (1874)
9663:Munch; Goss (1874)
9647:Munch; Goss (1874)
9631:Munch; Goss (1874)
9472:Munch; Goss (1874)
9440:Munch; Goss (1874)
9438:pp. 313, 363–364;
9201:Munch; Goss (1874)
9107:Rekdal (2003–2004)
9079:Rekdal (2003–2004)
8747:pp. 94–95 § 265a;
8731:pp. 68, 196, 219;
8709:Munch; Goss (1874)
8530:Munch; Goss (1874)
8380:Munch; Goss (1874)
8318:p. 37, 37 n. 107;
8030:pp. 86, 357 n. 61.
7945:Munch; Goss (1874)
7911:pp. 46–47, 59–60;
7437:Williams, G (2007)
7328:pp. 113–114, 120;
7199:Munch; Goss (1874)
6923:Munch; Goss (1874)
6889:pp. 166, 171–172;
6737:Munch; Goss (1874)
6619:pp. 212–213 § 95;
6536:Munch; Goss (1874)
6448:Munch; Goss (1874)
6416:Munch; Goss (1874)
6282:Jennings, A (2017)
5991:pp. 420–421 n. 8;
5761:Munch; Goss (1874)
5455:Munch; Goss (1874)
5355:Munch; Goss (1874)
5252:Munch; Goss (1874)
5224:Munch; Goss (1874)
5170:pp. 143, 145–146;
5168:Williams, G (2007)
4778:pp. 341, 343–344;
4573:Munch; Goss (1874)
4483:Munch; Goss (1874)
4411:Munch; Goss (1874)
4295:Munch; Goss (1874)
4281:p. 419, 419 n. 2;
4171:Munch; Goss (1874)
4075:Munch; Goss (1874)
4027:Williams, G (2007)
3988:Munch; Goss (1874)
3861:Munch; Goss (1874)
3810:Williams, G (2007)
3762:Williams, G (2007)
3346:Williams, G (2007)
2948:Royal MS 13 B VIII
2650:Anglo-Scandinavian
2646:Scandinavian style
2610:Gregorian calendar
2485:Gofraid mac Amlaíb
2481:Gofraid Mac Amlaíb
2089:Fergus of Galloway
1535:
1502:
1471:
1435:
1407:Archbishop of York
1366:
1290:
1248:
1182:
1096:
1060:
1003:
999:queen gaming piece
914:
884:, a branch of the
878:Áed Méith Ua Néill
862:
833:
751:, as evidenced by
744:
716:
710:Fergus de Galwedia
672:
658:of the charter of
639:Sveinn Ásleifarson
621:
588:
507:kings of the Isles
461:Contested kingship
446:
391:
347:
277:
18:Godred II Olafsson
17011:
17010:
16978:Macaulay of Lewis
16511:Thorstein the Red
16459:Other notable men
16286:
16285:
16209:Óláfr Guðrøðarson
16158:Óláfr Guðrøðarson
16153:Domnall mac Taidc
16026:Maccus mac Arailt
16004:Olaf Guthfrithson
15921:
15920:
15865:Énna Mac Murchada
15850:Diarmait mac Énna
15816:Domnall mac Taidc
15654:Sitriuc mac Ímair
15638:Oistin mac Amlaíb
15562:
15561:
15558:
15550:
15536:Succeeded by
15529:King of the Isles
15505:Succeeded by
15498:King of the Isles
15491:Óláfr Guðrøðarson
15463:Guðrøðr Óláfsson
15451:Media related to
15419:978-90-04-34661-1
15384:978-90-04-17533-4
15373:Wyatt, D (2009).
15356:Woolf, A (2013).
15348:978-1-85182-946-0
15225:978-90-04-15893-1
15086:978-1-107-11067-0
15059:978-0-7190-8937-4
15044:Veach, C (2014).
14962:978-0-19-874920-2
14924:. New Haven, CT:
14873:978-0-85115-784-9
14807:978-90-04-25512-8
14787:(Subscription or
14678:(Subscription or
14640:Durham University
14624:978-0-19-101955-5
14609:Rubin, M (2014).
14424:978-1-84825-556-2
14413:Power, R (2013).
14383:Power, R (2005).
14287:978-1-907909-05-4
14254:978-0-7486-1496-7
14241:Oram, RD (2011).
14222:Oram, RD (2000).
14152:Oram, RD (1988).
14084:978-1-107-11067-0
14052:(Subscription or
13888:978-3-030-22026-6
13853:978-1-315-63075-5
13826:978-1-137-06239-0
13795:978-1-84682-042-7
13776:978-1-84682-047-2
13757:978-1-85182-946-0
13738:978-1-898410-85-0
13674:978-0-19-821755-8
13571:978-90-04-40069-6
13515:978-90-04-18547-0
13497:Durham University
13481:978-1-84717-607-3
13472:The O'Brien Press
13354:Oxford Companions
13336:978-3-319-64090-7
13305:978-2-503-53307-0
13237:978-0-19-516237-0
13214:(Subscription or
13072:978-90-04-20989-3
13061:Ghosh, S (2011).
13045:Gade, KE (1994).
12974:978-0-521-82992-2
12943:978-1-84383-597-4
12923:(Subscription or
12883:(Subscription or
12843:(Subscription or
12722:Historia Norwegie
12654:978-1-85182-946-0
12561:(Subscription or
12521:(Subscription or
12481:(Subscription or
12441:(Subscription or
12393:Four Courts Press
12358:The Boydell Press
12320:Duffy, S (1996).
12305:. pp. 1–29.
12274:Duffy, S (1993).
12204:978-0-9557720-1-6
12084:on 6 January 2017
12056:Davey, P (2002).
11955:978-90-04-25512-8
11936:978-1-78046-003-1
11815:978-1-315-63075-5
11695:978-0-85976-631-9
11665:978-90-04-25512-8
11623:978-82-519-2563-1
11348:(Subscription or
11230:978-90-04-15893-1
11202:978-90-04-15893-1
11180:Secondary sources
11022:Longman & Co.
10651:978-0-292-73061-8
10565:978-0-903521-93-2
10517:"Document 1/15/1"
10483:"Document 1/14/3"
10449:"Document 1/14/2"
10415:"Document 1/14/1"
10381:"Document 1/5/24"
9338:pp. 114–115 § 6;
9330:p. 22, 22 n. 22;
9182:Davey, PJ (2006b)
9178:Davey, PJ (2006a)
8938:p. 399 map 20.1;
8848:Davey, PJ (2006b)
8844:Davey, PJ (2006a)
8812:Davey, PJ (2006b)
8808:Davey, PJ (2006a)
8595:pp. 710–711 § 4;
8553:Davey, PJ (2006a)
8242:p. 58, 58 n. 53;
8052:Strickland (2016)
8040:Strickland (2016)
8028:Strickland (2016)
7905:Gillingham (2000)
7364:p. 14, 14 n. 69;
7137:p. 93, 93 n. 45;
6731:p. 61, 61 n. 69;
6649:pp. 212–213 § 95.
6518:pp. 57–58 n. 18;
5575:Stephenson (2008)
5138:pp. 113–114, 120.
4834:pp. 710–711 § 4;
4818:pp. 127–128, 146.
4748:Wilson, DM (1973)
4708:Wilson, DM (1973)
4129:pp. 155, 168–173.
3855:pp. 66, 75, 154;
3065:Davey, PJ (2006a)
2966:Stephenson (2008)
2855:or Hebridean kin.
2745:Chronicle of Mann
2743:According to the
2461:Godfrey mac Aulay
2372:
2371:
2368:
2367:
1595:St Patrick's Isle
1586:Chronicle of Mann
1574:of Óláfr svarti.
1564:Chronicle of Mann
1539:Chronicle of Mann
1537:According to the
1531:St Patrick's Isle
1343:abbey of Rievaulx
1339:Chronicle of Mann
1307:priory of St Bees
1276:The title of the
1200:authority in the
1184:According to the
1092:rook gaming piece
919:Chronicle of Mann
847:Chronicle of Mann
794:Magnús Erlingsson
790:Hákon Sigurðarson
592:Chronicle of Mann
441:Roman van Ferguut
404:Chronicle of Mann
395:Chronicle of Mann
381:of the so-called
379:king gaming piece
334:Chronicle of Mann
317:Chronicle of Mann
309:King of the Isles
216:Kingdom of Norway
197:Óláfr Guðrøðarson
182:
181:
169:Óláfr Guðrøðarson
94:St Patrick's Isle
16:(Redirected from
17061:
16668:St Magnus Church
16663:Scar boat burial
16608:Brough of Birsay
16501:Sweyn Asleifsson
16496:Ragnall ua Ímair
16313:
16306:
16299:
16290:
16289:
16266:Eóghan of Argyll
16246:Haraldr Óláfsson
16163:Guðrøðr Óláfsson
16057:Sigurd the Stout
15948:
15941:
15934:
15925:
15924:
15704:Gofraid ua Ímair
15591:
15584:
15577:
15568:
15567:
15555:
15546:
15519:Preceded by
15488:Preceded by
15478:
15477:10 November 1187
15459:
15458:
15453:Guðrøðr Óláfsson
15450:
15443:
15423:
15396:
15369:
15352:
15333:
15320:
15301:
15282:
15260:
15250:
15237:
15210:
15208:
15191:
15168:
15145:
15113:The Innes Review
15103:
15090:
15063:
15040:
14993:
14966:
14947:
14916:
14877:
14858:
14834:
14819:
14792:
14784:
14782:
14780:
14761:
14752:
14726:
14724:
14722:
14716:
14710:. Archived from
14693:
14683:
14675:
14673:
14671:
14652:
14643:
14628:
14605:
14604:: 300–325. 1903.
14595:
14586:
14553:
14533:
14522:
14503:
14480:
14447:
14445:
14428:
14409:
14389:
14379:
14342:
14321:
14300:
14291:
14272:
14270:
14268:
14262:
14257:. Archived from
14237:
14218:
14208:
14171:
14169:
14148:
14129:
14110:
14088:
14057:
14049:
14047:
14045:
14026:
14017:
13994:
13992:
13967:
13965:
13947:
13937:
13900:
13865:
13830:
13799:
13780:
13761:
13742:
13723:
13678:
13652:
13650:
13633:
13631:
13614:
13612:
13591:
13555:
13549:
13541:
13539:
13527:
13500:
13489:Lowe, C (1988).
13485:
13470:(EPUB). Dublin:
13462:
13420:
13407:
13367:
13340:
13309:
13286:
13247:Northern History
13241:
13219:
13211:
13209:
13207:
13188:
13176:
13154:
13152:
13140:
13118:
13112:
13104:
13102:
13100:
13084:
13057:
13051:
13041:
13010:
13001:
12978:
12955:
12928:
12920:
12918:
12916:
12897:
12888:
12880:
12878:
12876:
12857:
12848:
12840:
12838:
12836:
12817:
12808:
12789:
12770:10.2307/25487421
12750:
12738:
12715:
12671:
12658:
12639:
12620:
12585:
12566:
12558:
12556:
12554:
12535:
12526:
12518:
12516:
12514:
12495:
12486:
12478:
12476:
12474:
12455:
12446:
12438:
12436:
12434:
12415:
12406:
12379:
12344:
12326:
12316:
12293:
12291:
12270:
12231:
12216:
12185:
12159:
12149:
12139:
12120:
12093:
12091:
12089:
12083:
12077:. Archived from
12062:
12052:
12030:
12011:
11992:
11967:
11940:
11917:
11915:
11913:
11907:
11901:. Archived from
11882:
11872:
11827:
11788:
11773:
11747:
11742:. Archived from
11722:
11699:
11677:
11650:
11648:
11646:
11627:
11604:
11557:
11555:
11553:
11531:
11492:
11490:
11488:
11482:
11476:. Archived from
11461:
11451:
11414:
11375:
11353:
11345:
11343:
11341:
11322:
11313:
11294:
11290:978-1-13905573-4
11266:
11242:
11214:
11174:
11155:
11140:
11126:
11104:
11102:
11100:
11084:
11082:
11080:
11064:
11062:
11060:
11044:
11042:
11040:
11024:
11010:
10998:
10978:
10964:
10938:
10920:
10914:
10906:
10904:
10902:
10886:
10868:
10866:
10864:
10858:
10853:. Archived from
10826:
10815:
10793:
10779:
10756:
10737:
10727:
10701:
10678:
10663:
10639:
10628:
10606:
10587:
10569:
10546:
10540:
10532:
10530:
10528:
10512:
10506:
10498:
10496:
10494:
10478:
10472:
10464:
10462:
10460:
10444:
10438:
10430:
10428:
10426:
10410:
10404:
10396:
10394:
10392:
10376:
10370:
10362:
10360:
10358:
10342:
10324:
10318:
10310:
10308:
10306:
10286:
10280:
10272:
10270:
10268:
10250:
10224:
10205:
10190:
10188:
10171:
10169:
10167:
10151:
10149:
10147:
10125:
10111:
10100:
10074:
10068:
10060:
10058:
10056:
10022:
10019:Hollister (2004)
10016:
10005:
9999:
9993:
9987:
9981:
9958:Beuermann (2014)
9955:
9949:
9939:
9933:
9927:
9921:
9894:McDonald (2007b)
9879:
9873:
9867:
9861:
9858:McDonald (2007b)
9851:
9845:
9830:Broderick (2003)
9822:McDonald (2007b)
9810:Beuermann (2014)
9808:pp. 24, 66, 77;
9803:
9797:
9787:
9781:
9760:
9754:
9736:
9730:
9724:
9718:
9712:
9706:
9692:
9686:
9675:McDonald (2007b)
9672:
9666:
9659:McDonald (2007b)
9656:
9650:
9643:McDonald (2007b)
9640:
9634:
9627:McDonald (2007b)
9624:
9618:
9617:p. 467 n. 2 tab.
9608:
9602:
9588:Brownbill (1919)
9584:McDonald (2007b)
9573:
9567:
9557:
9551:
9545:
9539:
9536:McDonald (2007b)
9529:
9523:
9520:McDonald (2007b)
9513:
9507:
9492:McDonald (2007b)
9481:
9475:
9464:McDonald (2007b)
9449:
9443:
9432:McDonald (2007b)
9425:
9419:
9409:
9403:
9400:Beuermann (2014)
9397:
9391:
9390:p. 32, 32 n. 56.
9388:MacDonald (2013)
9385:
9379:
9372:Beuermann (2012)
9368:MacDonald (2013)
9364:Beuermann (2014)
9361:
9355:
9352:MacDonald (2013)
9349:
9343:
9324:McDonald (2007b)
9320:Beuermann (2010)
9313:
9307:
9297:
9291:
9285:
9279:
9276:Beuermann (2002)
9273:
9267:
9257:
9251:
9241:
9235:
9229:
9223:
9217:
9211:
9198:
9189:
9175:
9169:
9159:
9153:
9150:Beuermann (2002)
9147:
9141:
9135:
9129:
9096:
9090:
9072:
9063:
9057:
9051:
9045:
9039:
9029:
9023:
9013:
9007:
9001:
8995:
8985:
8979:
8973:
8967:
8964:Beuermann (2002)
8953:
8947:
8933:
8927:
8924:MacDonald (2013)
8921:
8915:
8912:Beuermann (2002)
8909:
8903:
8900:Beuermann (2002)
8897:
8891:
8888:Beuermann (2002)
8885:
8879:
8876:Beuermann (2002)
8872:Beuermann (2012)
8869:
8863:
8857:
8851:
8840:Davey, PJ (2008)
8836:Beuermann (2012)
8833:
8827:
8821:
8815:
8804:Davey, PJ (2008)
8801:
8795:
8789:
8783:
8773:
8767:
8761:
8755:
8729:McDonald (2007b)
8725:Jamroziak (2008)
8721:Jamroziak (2011)
8718:
8712:
8701:McDonald (2007b)
8697:Beuermann (2014)
8690:
8684:
8681:McDonald (2007b)
8678:
8672:
8655:Wilson, J (1915)
8648:
8642:
8634:pp. 72–73 § 43;
8632:Wilson, J (1915)
8620:McDonald (2007b)
8616:Beuermann (2014)
8613:
8607:
8593:Brownbill (1919)
8585:McDonald (2007b)
8578:
8572:
8569:McDonald (2007b)
8566:
8560:
8549:McDonald (2007b)
8546:
8540:
8527:
8521:
8515:
8509:
8502:McDonald (2007b)
8499:
8493:
8487:
8481:
8475:
8469:
8454:McDonald (2007b)
8443:
8434:
8428:
8422:
8396:
8390:
8377:
8371:
8353:
8347:
8313:
8307:
8304:McDonald (2007b)
8297:
8291:
8276:McDonald (2007b)
8269:
8263:
8256:McDonald (2007b)
8253:
8247:
8224:McDonald (2007b)
8213:
8207:
8200:McDonald (2007b)
8193:
8187:
8176:McDonald (2007b)
8169:
8163:
8145:
8139:
8120:McDonald (2007b)
8105:
8099:
8096:McDonald (2007b)
8089:
8083:
8072:McDonald (2007b)
8068:McDonald (2007a)
8061:
8055:
8049:
8043:
8037:
8031:
8025:
8019:
8012:Flanagan (2004a)
8005:
7999:
7993:
7987:
7969:
7963:
7957:
7948:
7934:
7928:
7891:pp. 52, 63, 70;
7889:McDonald (2007a)
7866:
7857:
7847:
7841:
7831:
7825:
7811:
7805:
7769:
7763:
7753:
7747:
7741:
7735:
7721:
7715:
7709:
7703:
7697:
7691:
7649:
7643:
7637:
7631:
7621:
7615:
7608:Flanagan (2004a)
7605:
7599:
7588:Flanagan (2004b)
7584:Flanagan (2004a)
7581:
7575:
7572:Flanagan (2004b)
7565:
7559:
7553:
7547:
7544:Flanagan (2004c)
7540:Flanagan (2004b)
7537:
7531:
7517:
7511:
7501:
7495:
7485:
7479:
7461:
7455:
7449:
7440:
7434:
7428:
7418:
7409:
7403:
7397:
7383:
7377:
7355:
7349:
7339:
7333:
7323:
7317:
7311:
7305:
7295:
7289:
7283:
7277:
7267:
7261:
7255:
7246:
7227:McDonald (2007b)
7223:McDonald (2007a)
7212:
7206:
7159:McDonald (2007b)
7155:McDonald (2007a)
7135:Beuermann (2014)
7124:
7118:
7112:
7106:
7092:
7086:
7066:
7060:
7028:
7022:
7012:
7006:
6974:
6968:
6948:
6942:
6932:
6926:
6899:McDonald (2007a)
6880:
6871:
6853:
6844:
6843:p. 61, 61 n. 69.
6837:McDonald (2007b)
6834:
6828:
6822:
6813:
6799:
6793:
6787:
6781:
6775:
6764:
6758:
6752:
6749:McDonald (2007b)
6746:
6740:
6721:McDonald (2007b)
6714:
6708:
6698:Mac Lean (1985a)
6695:
6689:
6679:Mac Lean (1985a)
6676:
6670:
6667:Mac Lean (1985a)
6663:McDonald (2007b)
6656:
6650:
6640:Mac Lean (1985a)
6637:
6631:
6610:Mac Lean (1985a)
6606:McDonald (2007b)
6603:
6597:
6580:Mac Lean (1985b)
6576:Mac Lean (1985a)
6573:
6567:
6561:
6555:
6545:
6539:
6509:
6503:
6493:
6487:
6473:
6467:
6460:McDonald (2007b)
6457:
6451:
6436:McDonald (2007b)
6432:McDonald (2007a)
6425:
6419:
6408:McDonald (2007b)
6397:
6391:
6385:
6379:
6373:
6367:
6331:
6325:
6294:McDonald (2007b)
6290:McDonald (2007a)
6279:
6273:
6262:McDonald (2007b)
6250:Beuermann (2014)
6243:
6234:
6220:
6211:
6193:Bridgland (2004)
6186:
6177:
6152:
6146:
6128:
6122:
6119:Beuermann (2002)
6116:
6110:
6107:Beuermann (2010)
6100:
6094:
6088:
6082:
6076:
6070:
6067:Beuermann (2010)
6064:
6055:
6045:Vigfusson (1878)
6026:
6020:
5989:Beuermann (2002)
5973:McDonald (2007b)
5969:Beuermann (2010)
5965:Hollander (2011)
5954:
5943:
5925:
5919:
5913:
5907:
5897:
5891:
5885:
5879:
5864:McDonald (2007b)
5860:Beuermann (2008)
5848:MacDonald (2013)
5841:
5835:
5825:
5819:
5813:
5807:
5789:
5783:
5777:
5771:
5758:
5752:
5746:
5737:
5734:McDonald (2007b)
5730:Beuermann (2008)
5726:Beuermann (2009)
5723:
5717:
5669:McDonald (2007b)
5665:McDonald (2007a)
5661:Beuermann (2008)
5650:
5644:
5634:
5628:
5622:
5613:
5601:p. 9 §§ 56, 60;
5579:McDonald (2007b)
5564:
5558:
5535:
5529:
5519:
5513:
5503:
5497:
5491:
5485:
5479:
5470:
5464:
5458:
5445:pp. 86–87, 151;
5415:McDonald (2007b)
5411:McDonald (2007a)
5400:
5394:
5388:
5382:
5376:
5370:
5364:
5358:
5303:McDonald (2007b)
5299:McDonald (2007a)
5280:
5274:
5261:
5255:
5233:
5227:
5145:
5139:
5133:
5127:
5117:Stevenson (1841)
5114:
5108:
5098:
5092:
5074:
5068:
5062:
5056:
5050:
5044:
5041:McDonald (2007b)
5037:McDonald (2007a)
5018:
5012:
4993:McDonald (2007a)
4952:
4946:
4911:McDonald (2007a)
4892:
4886:
4864:
4858:
4852:
4846:
4832:Brownbill (1919)
4828:McDonald (2007b)
4825:
4819:
4808:McDonald (2007b)
4804:McDonald (2007a)
4797:
4791:
4780:McDonald (2007b)
4773:
4767:
4764:McDonald (2007b)
4757:
4751:
4750:p. 15, 15 n. 43.
4744:McDonald (2007b)
4740:McDonald (2007a)
4737:
4731:
4728:McDonald (2007b)
4717:
4711:
4704:McDonald (2007b)
4700:McDonald (2007a)
4693:
4684:
4669:McDonald (2007b)
4665:McDonald (2007a)
4662:
4656:
4650:
4644:
4638:
4632:
4622:
4616:
4597:McDonald (2007a)
4594:
4588:
4585:McDonald (2007b)
4582:
4576:
4541:McDonald (2007b)
4537:McDonald (2007a)
4510:
4501:
4495:
4486:
4460:
4454:
4451:Beuermann (2002)
4448:
4442:
4439:Beuermann (2002)
4436:
4430:
4427:McDonald (2007b)
4420:
4414:
4375:Beuermann (2014)
4368:
4362:
4355:McDonald (2007b)
4348:
4342:
4336:
4330:
4304:
4298:
4279:Beuermann (2002)
4263:Beuermann (2010)
4244:
4238:
4231:Beuermann (2002)
4224:
4218:
4211:Beuermann (2014)
4208:
4202:
4192:
4186:
4180:
4174:
4155:Beuermann (2014)
4152:
4146:
4136:
4130:
4124:
4118:
4108:
4102:
4096:
4090:
4084:
4078:
4059:McDonald (2007b)
4048:
4042:
4023:Beuermann (2010)
4019:Beuermann (2012)
4016:
4010:
4004:
3998:
3985:
3979:
3973:
3967:
3957:
3951:
3941:
3935:
3929:
3923:
3917:
3911:
3885:
3876:
3870:
3864:
3853:McDonald (2007b)
3838:
3832:
3829:McDonald (2007b)
3826:
3817:
3812:p. 141 ill. 14;
3806:McDonald (2007b)
3795:
3789:
3788:p. 467 n. 2 tab.
3784:p. 200 tab. ii;
3772:p. 77 tab. 4.1;
3764:p. 141 ill. 14;
3758:McDonald (2007b)
3747:
3741:
3735:
3729:
3719:
3713:
3694:McDonald (2007b)
3690:McDonald (2007a)
3678:Beuermann (2010)
3647:
3641:
3638:Beuermann (2014)
3635:
3629:
3626:Ó Mainnín (1999)
3619:
3613:
3591:
3585:
3579:
3573:
3567:
3561:
3550:Beuermann (2002)
3515:
3509:
3503:
3497:
3487:
3481:
3446:McDonald (2007b)
3442:McDonald (2007a)
3430:Beuermann (2008)
3426:Beuermann (2009)
3422:Beuermann (2010)
3406:MacDonald (2013)
3379:
3373:
3367:
3361:
3355:
3349:
3342:Beuermann (2014)
3339:
3333:
3327:
3318:
3312:
3303:
3297:
3291:
3285:
3279:
3272:McDonald (2007a)
3269:
3263:
3260:McDonald (2007a)
3253:
3247:
3204:McDonald (2007a)
3193:
3187:
3181:
3172:
3166:
3160:
3105:Beuermann (2002)
3061:McDonald (2007a)
3049:Jamroziak (2008)
3041:MacDonald (2013)
3014:
3008:
3002:
2993:
2959:
2953:
2940:
2925:
2918:
2912:
2901:
2895:
2891:
2885:
2862:
2856:
2840:
2834:
2827:
2819:
2811:
2805:
2790:
2784:
2773:
2767:
2754:
2748:
2741:
2735:
2732:
2724:
2712:
2706:
2695:
2689:
2682:
2676:
2669:
2663:
2659:
2653:
2642:
2636:
2632:
2626:
2619:
2613:
2602:
2596:
2587:
2581:
2573:
2567:
2563:
2557:
2554:
2526:
2520:
2517:Godred the Black
2509:Guðrøðr Ólafsson
2505:Guðrøðr Óláfsson
2501:Guðröðr Óláfsson
2497:Guðrǫðr Óláfsson
2385:
1637:
1636:
1628:
1627:
1607:Irish influences
1603:St Oran's Chapel
1589:
1560:
1498:
1467:
1331:
1323:
1315:
1286:
1244:
1058:and footsoldier.
1019:Annals of Ulster
983:Annals of Ulster
962:
954:
942:
934:Annals of Ulster
927:
842:Annals of Ulster
817:St Oran's Chapel
765:Icelandic annals
712:
668:
617:
584:
487:
473:
343:
253:Kingdom of Ulaid
185:Guðrøðr Óláfsson
91:10 November 1187
72:
58:
42:Guðrøðr Óláfsson
39:
38:
21:
17069:
17068:
17064:
17063:
17062:
17060:
17059:
17058:
17039:Burials in Iona
17014:
17013:
17012:
17007:
16949:
16945:Treaty of Perth
16868:
16842:
16804:
16751:
16724:Orkneyinga saga
16718:Manx runestones
16672:
16658:Rubha an Dùnain
16633:Kirkwall Castle
16603:Bishop's Palace
16581:
16515:
16454:
16363:
16349:Lords of Argyll
16339:Earls of Orkney
16322:
16317:
16287:
16282:
16275:
16261:Magnús Óláfsson
16197:
16141:
16132:Magnús berfœttr
16086:Ímar mac Arailt
16078:Haakon Ericsson
16035:
16015:Ketill Flatnose
15992:
15961:
15952:
15922:
15917:
15910:
15839:Magnús berfœttr
15827:
15760:Ímar mac Arailt
15743:
15687:
15675:
15644:Bárid mac Ímair
15600:
15598:Kings of Dublin
15595:
15541:
15532:
15524:
15514:
15510:
15502:1153/1154–1156
15501:
15493:
15472:
15471:
15464:
15434:
15431:
15426:
15420:
15385:
15349:
15317:
15307:The Argyll Book
15298:
15279:
15248:
15226:
15188:
15165:
15087:
15060:
14982:
14963:
14936:
14874:
14847:
14808:
14786:
14778:
14776:
14749:
14720:
14718:
14717:on 29 July 2019
14714:
14691:
14677:
14669:
14667:
14625:
14593:
14542:
14519:
14500:
14425:
14387:
14288:
14266:
14264:
14263:on 18 June 2019
14255:
14234:
14145:
14126:
14107:
14085:
14051:
14043:
14041:
13990:10.5284/1032950
13963:10.5284/1032950
13945:
13889:
13854:
13827:
13796:
13786:Medieval Dublin
13777:
13758:
13739:
13675:
13572:
13543:
13542:
13537:
13516:
13482:
13418:
13364:
13337:
13306:
13238:
13213:
13205:
13203:
13173:
13150:
13137:
13106:
13105:
13098:
13096:
13073:
13049:
12998:
12975:
12944:
12922:
12914:
12912:
12882:
12874:
12872:
12842:
12834:
12832:
12805:
12747:
12669:
12655:
12636:
12626:Medieval Dublin
12609:
12582:
12560:
12552:
12550:
12520:
12512:
12510:
12480:
12472:
12470:
12440:
12432:
12430:
12403:
12368:
12324:
12313:
12205:
12182:
12147:
12136:
12117:
12087:
12085:
12081:
12075:
12060:
12027:
12008:
11956:
11937:
11911:
11909:
11905:
11880:
11816:
11770:
11719:
11705:The Argyll Book
11696:
11666:
11644:
11642:
11641:. pp. 1–10
11624:
11551:
11549:
11486:
11484:
11483:on 4 March 2016
11480:
11474:
11459:
11372:
11347:
11339:
11337:
11310:
11291:
11275:Abulafia, David
11263:
11251:. Vol. 4.
11231:
11203:
11182:
11177:
11163:, eds. (1905).
11098:
11096:
11078:
11076:
11058:
11056:
11038:
11036:
11007:
10985:, ed. (1977) .
10908:
10907:
10900:
10898:
10895:British Library
10862:
10860:
10859:on 20 June 2019
10851:
10833:, ed. (1978) .
10804:, eds. (1874).
10652:
10625:Clarendon Press
10617:, eds. (1873).
10595:, eds. (1929).
10593:Collingwood, WG
10566:
10534:
10533:
10526:
10524:
10500:
10499:
10492:
10490:
10466:
10465:
10458:
10456:
10432:
10431:
10424:
10422:
10398:
10397:
10390:
10388:
10364:
10363:
10356:
10354:
10312:
10311:
10304:
10302:
10301:on 20 July 2021
10295:British Library
10274:
10273:
10266:
10264:
10260:British Library
10247:
10237:Canongate Books
10202:Chetham Society
10165:
10163:
10145:
10143:
10062:
10061:
10054:
10052:
10045:Skaldic Project
10035:
10033:Primary sources
10030:
10025:
10017:
10008:
10000:
9996:
9990:McDonald (2012)
9988:
9984:
9956:
9952:
9940:
9936:
9928:
9924:
9914:Anderson (1922)
9906:McDonald (1997)
9892:p. 195 n. 123;
9890:Flanagan (2010)
9882:McDonald (2019)
9880:
9876:
9868:
9864:
9854:McDonald (2019)
9852:
9848:
9838:Anderson (1922)
9820:p. 195 n. 123;
9818:Flanagan (2010)
9806:McDonald (2019)
9804:
9800:
9794:McDonald (2012)
9790:McDonald (2016)
9788:
9784:
9761:
9757:
9747:McDonald (2012)
9737:
9733:
9725:
9721:
9713:
9709:
9693:
9689:
9673:
9669:
9657:
9653:
9641:
9637:
9625:
9621:
9615:Anderson (1922)
9609:
9605:
9597:Document 1/15/1
9576:McDonald (2016)
9574:
9570:
9564:McDonald (1997)
9560:McDonald (2016)
9558:
9554:
9546:
9542:
9532:McDonald (2019)
9530:
9526:
9516:McDonald (2019)
9514:
9510:
9488:McDonald (2008)
9484:McDonald (2019)
9482:
9478:
9468:Anderson (1922)
9462:p. 195 n. 123;
9460:Flanagan (2010)
9452:McDonald (2019)
9450:
9446:
9436:Anderson (1922)
9428:McDonald (2019)
9426:
9422:
9410:
9406:
9398:
9394:
9386:
9382:
9362:
9358:
9350:
9346:
9332:Anderson (1908)
9314:
9310:
9298:
9294:
9288:McDonald (1997)
9286:
9282:
9274:
9270:
9258:
9254:
9242:
9238:
9230:
9226:
9218:
9214:
9199:
9192:
9186:Bartlett (1999)
9176:
9172:
9160:
9156:
9148:
9144:
9136:
9132:
9097:
9093:
9073:
9066:
9058:
9054:
9046:
9042:
9030:
9026:
9014:
9010:
9002:
8998:
8986:
8982:
8974:
8970:
8958:p. 182 n. 175;
8956:McDonald (2012)
8954:
8950:
8934:
8930:
8922:
8918:
8910:
8906:
8898:
8894:
8886:
8882:
8870:
8866:
8858:
8854:
8834:
8830:
8822:
8818:
8802:
8798:
8790:
8786:
8774:
8770:
8762:
8758:
8750:Document 1/14/3
8741:McIntire (1941)
8737:McIntire (1943)
8719:
8715:
8705:McDonald (1997)
8693:McDonald (2016)
8691:
8687:
8679:
8675:
8660:Document 1/14/2
8649:
8645:
8637:Document 1/14/2
8628:McIntire (1943)
8614:
8610:
8602:Document 1/14/1
8589:McIntire (1943)
8579:
8575:
8567:
8563:
8547:
8543:
8528:
8524:
8516:
8512:
8500:
8496:
8488:
8484:
8476:
8472:
8450:McDonald (2008)
8444:
8437:
8429:
8425:
8399:McDonald (2016)
8397:
8393:
8378:
8374:
8354:
8350:
8314:
8310:
8300:McDonald (2008)
8298:
8294:
8272:McDonald (2008)
8270:
8266:
8254:
8250:
8220:McDonald (2008)
8214:
8210:
8196:McDonald (2008)
8194:
8190:
8182:p. 25, n. 167;
8172:McDonald (2019)
8170:
8166:
8148:McDonald (2008)
8146:
8142:
8116:McDonald (2008)
8106:
8102:
8092:McDonald (2008)
8090:
8086:
8064:McDonald (2008)
8062:
8058:
8050:
8046:
8038:
8034:
8026:
8022:
8006:
8002:
7994:
7990:
7970:
7966:
7958:
7951:
7941:Anderson (1922)
7935:
7931:
7881:McDonald (2008)
7867:
7860:
7848:
7844:
7834:McDonald (2012)
7832:
7828:
7812:
7808:
7779:McDonald (2008)
7770:
7766:
7754:
7750:
7742:
7738:
7722:
7718:
7712:McDonald (2012)
7710:
7706:
7698:
7694:
7656:McDonald (2008)
7650:
7646:
7638:
7634:
7622:
7618:
7606:
7602:
7582:
7578:
7566:
7562:
7554:
7550:
7538:
7534:
7520:McDonald (2008)
7518:
7514:
7502:
7498:
7486:
7482:
7462:
7458:
7450:
7443:
7435:
7431:
7419:
7412:
7406:McDonald (1997)
7404:
7400:
7390:McDonald (1997)
7384:
7380:
7356:
7352:
7346:McDonald (1997)
7340:
7336:
7324:
7320:
7312:
7308:
7296:
7292:
7284:
7280:
7268:
7264:
7256:
7249:
7243:Anderson (1922)
7239:Flanagan (1989)
7219:Flanagan (2010)
7215:McDonald (2019)
7213:
7209:
7195:Anderson (1922)
7191:Flanagan (1977)
7183:Flanagan (1989)
7181:p. 127 n. 166;
7171:McDonald (1997)
7147:Flanagan (2010)
7131:McDonald (2016)
7127:McDonald (2019)
7125:
7121:
7113:
7109:
7093:
7089:
7067:
7063:
7029:
7025:
7013:
7009:
6975:
6971:
6949:
6945:
6933:
6929:
6919:Anderson (1922)
6891:McDonald (2008)
6881:
6874:
6854:
6847:
6835:
6831:
6823:
6816:
6812:pp. 50–51 § 69.
6800:
6796:
6788:
6784:
6776:
6767:
6759:
6755:
6747:
6743:
6733:Anderson (1922)
6717:McDonald (2019)
6715:
6711:
6696:
6692:
6677:
6673:
6659:McDonald (2012)
6657:
6653:
6638:
6634:
6604:
6600:
6574:
6570:
6562:
6558:
6548:McDonald (1997)
6546:
6542:
6532:Anderson (1922)
6520:McDonald (1997)
6512:McDonald (2019)
6510:
6506:
6496:McDonald (1997)
6494:
6490:
6480:McDonald (1997)
6474:
6470:
6458:
6454:
6444:Anderson (1922)
6438:pp. 67–68, 85;
6426:
6422:
6412:Anderson (1922)
6410:pp. 67–68, 85;
6400:McDonald (2019)
6398:
6394:
6386:
6382:
6374:
6370:
6364:Anderson (1922)
6332:
6328:
6310:McDonald (1997)
6280:
6276:
6258:McDonald (2012)
6246:McDonald (2016)
6244:
6237:
6223:McDonald (2012)
6221:
6214:
6197:McDonald (1997)
6189:McDonald (2012)
6187:
6180:
6163:McDonald (1997)
6155:McDonald (2012)
6153:
6149:
6139:McDonald (1997)
6131:McDonald (2012)
6129:
6125:
6117:
6113:
6101:
6097:
6089:
6085:
6077:
6073:
6065:
6058:
6041:Anderson (1922)
6027:
6023:
6001:Anderson (1922)
5985:Salvucci (2005)
5967:p. 784 ch. 17;
5961:McDonald (2012)
5955:
5946:
5926:
5922:
5914:
5910:
5898:
5894:
5886:
5882:
5844:MacInnes (2019)
5842:
5838:
5826:
5822:
5814:
5810:
5804:Anderson (1922)
5790:
5786:
5778:
5774:
5759:
5755:
5747:
5740:
5724:
5720:
5712:Document 1/5/24
5651:
5647:
5635:
5631:
5623:
5616:
5595:Anderson (1922)
5567:McDonald (2016)
5565:
5561:
5553:Document 1/5/24
5536:
5532:
5526:McDonald (1997)
5520:
5516:
5506:McDonald (1997)
5504:
5500:
5492:
5488:
5482:McDonald (1997)
5480:
5473:
5467:McDonald (2012)
5465:
5461:
5451:Anderson (1922)
5431:McDonald (1997)
5403:McDonald (2012)
5401:
5397:
5391:McDonald (1997)
5389:
5385:
5379:McDonald (1997)
5377:
5373:
5365:
5361:
5347:Anderson (1922)
5323:McDonald (1997)
5291:McDonald (2012)
5287:Caldwell (2016)
5283:McDonald (2019)
5281:
5277:
5266:p. 222 ch. 11;
5262:
5258:
5248:Anderson (1922)
5236:McDonald (1997)
5234:
5230:
5216:Anderson (1922)
5194:pp. 52, 54–58;
5192:McDonald (1997)
5148:McDonald (2019)
5146:
5142:
5134:
5130:
5115:
5111:
5099:
5095:
5081:O'Byrne (2005a)
5075:
5071:
5063:
5059:
5051:
5047:
5029:McDonald (2008)
5019:
5015:
4981:McDonald (2008)
4953:
4949:
4923:O'Byrne (2005c)
4919:O'Byrne (2005b)
4915:O'Byrne (2005a)
4903:McDonald (2008)
4893:
4889:
4875:O'Byrne (2005c)
4871:O'Byrne (2005a)
4865:
4861:
4855:McDonald (2016)
4853:
4849:
4841:Document 1/14/1
4826:
4822:
4812:McDonald (1995)
4800:McDonald (2016)
4798:
4794:
4784:McDonald (1995)
4776:McDonald (2016)
4774:
4770:
4760:McDonald (2016)
4758:
4754:
4738:
4734:
4724:McDonald (2012)
4720:McDonald (2016)
4718:
4714:
4696:McDonald (2012)
4694:
4687:
4679:p. 70 fig. 24;
4663:
4659:
4651:
4647:
4643:pp. 81–82, 113.
4639:
4635:
4627:pp. 81, 85–86;
4623:
4619:
4605:Thornton (1996)
4595:
4591:
4583:
4579:
4569:Anderson (1922)
4525:McDonald (2012)
4513:McDonald (2019)
4511:
4504:
4496:
4489:
4479:Anderson (1922)
4467:Davey, P (2002)
4461:
4457:
4449:
4445:
4437:
4433:
4423:McDonald (2019)
4421:
4417:
4407:Anderson (1922)
4371:McDonald (2019)
4369:
4365:
4349:
4345:
4337:
4333:
4319:Anderson (1908)
4305:
4301:
4291:Anderson (1922)
4255:McDonald (2012)
4245:
4241:
4225:
4221:
4209:
4205:
4193:
4189:
4181:
4177:
4167:Anderson (1922)
4153:
4149:
4141:p. 182 n. 175;
4139:McDonald (2012)
4137:
4133:
4125:
4121:
4111:McDonald (2012)
4109:
4105:
4097:
4093:
4085:
4081:
4071:Anderson (1922)
4063:McDonald (1997)
4051:McDonald (2019)
4049:
4045:
4017:
4013:
4005:
4001:
3986:
3982:
3974:
3970:
3958:
3954:
3942:
3938:
3930:
3926:
3922:p. xiii tab. 2.
3918:
3914:
3900:Anderson (1908)
3886:
3879:
3871:
3867:
3857:Anderson (1922)
3849:McDonald (2012)
3841:McDonald (2016)
3839:
3835:
3827:
3820:
3798:McDonald (2019)
3796:
3792:
3786:Anderson (1922)
3778:McDonald (1997)
3776:p. 192 tab. i;
3750:McDonald (2019)
3748:
3744:
3736:
3732:
3726:Macniven (2006)
3720:
3716:
3682:McDonald (2008)
3674:McDonald (2012)
3654:McDonald (2016)
3650:Caldwell (2016)
3648:
3644:
3636:
3632:
3620:
3616:
3592:
3588:
3580:
3576:
3568:
3564:
3518:McDonald (2019)
3516:
3512:
3506:Boardman (2006)
3504:
3500:
3488:
3484:
3474:Thornton (1996)
3466:Salvucci (2005)
3458:Macniven (2006)
3434:McDonald (2008)
3414:McDonald (2012)
3390:McDonald (2016)
3386:Caldwell (2016)
3380:
3376:
3368:
3364:
3356:
3352:
3340:
3336:
3328:
3321:
3313:
3306:
3298:
3294:
3288:Flanagan (1977)
3286:
3282:
3270:
3266:
3254:
3250:
3228:Thornton (1996)
3194:
3190:
3182:
3175:
3167:
3163:
3129:Thornton (1996)
3109:Davey, P (2002)
3045:Flanagan (2010)
3017:McDonald (2019)
3015:
3011:
3003:
2996:
2990:McDonald (1995)
2986:McDonald (1997)
2982:Bartlett (1999)
2974:Boardman (2006)
2960:
2956:
2941:
2937:
2933:
2928:
2919:
2915:
2902:
2898:
2892:
2888:
2863:
2859:
2841:
2837:
2812:
2808:
2791:
2787:
2774:
2770:
2755:
2751:
2742:
2738:
2713:
2709:
2696:
2692:
2683:
2679:
2670:
2666:
2660:
2656:
2643:
2639:
2633:
2629:
2620:
2616:
2606:Julian calendar
2603:
2599:
2588:
2584:
2574:
2570:
2564:
2560:
2527:
2523:
2493:Guðrøð Óláfsson
2473:Godred Óláfsson
2469:Godred Olafsson
2386:
2382:
2378:
2373:
2320:7. name unknown
1625:
1591:
1583:
1519:
1485:at some point.
1270:
1255:'s loss of the
1159:
1040:
902:
810:
648:
634:Orkneyinga saga
513:
512:
511:
510:
495:
494:
493:
492:
488:
480:
479:
478:
474:
463:
371:
269:
148:
109:
104:
92:
75:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
17067:
17057:
17056:
17051:
17046:
17044:Crovan dynasty
17041:
17036:
17031:
17026:
17009:
17008:
17006:
17005:
17000:
16995:
16990:
16985:
16980:
16975:
16970:
16965:
16959:
16957:
16951:
16950:
16948:
16947:
16942:
16940:Treaty of 1098
16937:
16932:
16927:
16922:
16917:
16912:
16907:
16902:
16897:
16892:
16887:
16882:
16876:
16874:
16870:
16869:
16867:
16866:
16861:
16859:Northern Isles
16856:
16850:
16848:
16844:
16843:
16841:
16840:
16835:
16830:
16825:
16820:
16814:
16812:
16806:
16805:
16803:
16802:
16797:
16792:
16787:
16782:
16777:
16772:
16767:
16761:
16759:
16753:
16752:
16750:
16749:
16744:
16739:
16732:
16727:
16720:
16715:
16713:Lewis chessmen
16710:
16705:
16703:Galloway Hoard
16700:
16693:
16686:
16680:
16678:
16674:
16673:
16671:
16670:
16665:
16660:
16655:
16650:
16645:
16640:
16635:
16630:
16625:
16620:
16615:
16610:
16605:
16600:
16595:
16589:
16587:
16583:
16582:
16580:
16579:
16574:
16569:
16564:
16559:
16554:
16552:Outer Hebrides
16549:
16544:
16539:
16537:Gall-Ghàidheil
16534:
16529:
16523:
16521:
16517:
16516:
16514:
16513:
16508:
16503:
16498:
16493:
16488:
16483:
16481:Olaf the White
16478:
16473:
16468:
16462:
16460:
16456:
16455:
16453:
16452:
16447:
16442:
16437:
16432:
16427:
16422:
16417:
16412:
16407:
16402:
16397:
16392:
16387:
16382:
16377:
16371:
16369:
16365:
16364:
16362:
16361:
16356:
16351:
16346:
16344:Crovan dynasty
16341:
16336:
16330:
16328:
16324:
16323:
16316:
16315:
16308:
16301:
16293:
16284:
16283:
16280:
16277:
16276:
16274:
16273:
16268:
16263:
16258:
16253:
16248:
16243:
16238:
16232:
16231:
16226:
16221:
16216:
16211:
16205:
16203:
16199:
16198:
16196:
16195:
16190:
16185:
16180:
16175:
16170:
16165:
16160:
16155:
16149:
16147:
16143:
16142:
16140:
16139:
16134:
16129:
16124:
16119:
16117:Gofraid Crobán
16114:
16109:
16104:
16099:
16094:
16089:
16082:
16081:
16075:
16069:
16064:
16059:
16054:
16049:
16043:
16041:
16037:
16036:
16034:
16033:
16028:
16023:
16018:
16012:
16007:
16000:
15998:
15994:
15993:
15991:
15990:
15985:
15975:
15969:
15967:
15963:
15962:
15951:
15950:
15943:
15936:
15928:
15919:
15918:
15915:
15912:
15911:
15909:
15908:
15903:
15898:
15893:
15888:
15882:
15877:
15872:
15867:
15862:
15857:
15852:
15847:
15842:
15835:
15833:
15829:
15828:
15826:
15825:
15819:
15813:
15811:Gofraid Crobán
15808:
15802:
15797:
15792:
15787:
15782:
15777:
15772:
15767:
15762:
15757:
15751:
15749:
15745:
15744:
15742:
15741:
15736:
15731:
15726:
15721:
15716:
15711:
15706:
15701:
15695:
15693:
15689:
15688:
15678:
15676:
15674:
15673:
15668:
15662:
15659:Sichfrith Jarl
15656:
15651:
15646:
15641:
15635:
15629:
15624:
15614:
15608:
15606:
15602:
15601:
15594:
15593:
15586:
15579:
15571:
15560:
15559:
15552:
15551:
15543:
15542:
15537:
15534:
15525:
15520:
15516:
15515:
15506:
15503:
15494:
15489:
15485:
15484:
15483:Regnal titles
15480:
15479:
15468:Crovan dynasty
15465:
15462:
15457:
15456:
15444:
15430:
15429:External links
15427:
15425:
15424:
15418:
15397:
15383:
15370:
15353:
15347:
15334:
15321:
15315:
15302:
15296:
15283:
15277:
15261:
15238:
15224:
15211:
15192:
15186:
15169:
15163:
15146:
15104:
15091:
15085:
15064:
15058:
15041:
15007:(1): 171–172.
14994:
14980:
14967:
14961:
14948:
14934:
14917:
14878:
14872:
14859:
14845:
14820:
14806:
14793:
14753:
14747:
14727:
14684:
14644:
14638:(PhD thesis).
14629:
14623:
14606:
14587:
14554:
14540:
14523:
14517:
14504:
14498:
14481:
14448:
14429:
14423:
14410:
14380:
14354:(2): 107–132.
14343:
14322:
14301:
14292:
14286:
14273:
14253:
14238:
14232:
14219:
14183:(2): 111–145.
14172:
14156:(PhD thesis).
14149:
14143:
14130:
14124:
14111:
14105:
14089:
14083:
14058:
14018:
13995:
13968:
13938:
13901:
13887:
13866:
13852:
13831:
13825:
13800:
13794:
13781:
13775:
13762:
13756:
13743:
13737:
13724:
13690:(2): 129–143.
13679:
13673:
13653:
13634:
13615:
13592:
13570:
13556:
13540:. Vol. 1.
13528:
13514:
13501:
13486:
13480:
13463:
13408:
13368:
13362:
13341:
13335:
13310:
13304:
13287:
13242:
13236:
13220:
13177:
13171:
13155:
13141:
13135:
13119:
13085:
13071:
13058:
13042:
13011:
13002:
12996:
12979:
12973:
12965:Viking Empires
12956:
12942:
12929:
12889:
12849:
12809:
12803:
12790:
12751:
12745:
12725:. Copenhagen:
12716:
12659:
12653:
12640:
12634:
12621:
12607:
12586:
12580:
12567:
12527:
12487:
12447:
12407:
12401:
12380:
12366:
12350:Harper-Bill, C
12345:
12317:
12311:
12294:
12278:(PhD thesis).
12271:
12232:
12217:
12203:
12186:
12180:
12160:
12140:
12134:
12121:
12115:
12094:
12073:
12053:
12031:
12025:
12012:
12006:
11993:
11968:
11954:
11941:
11935:
11918:
11873:
11839:(1): 155–203.
11828:
11814:
11789:
11774:
11768:
11748:
11723:
11717:
11700:
11694:
11678:
11664:
11651:
11628:
11622:
11605:
11558:
11532:
11493:
11472:
11452:
11415:
11389:(2): 222–223.
11376:
11370:
11354:
11314:
11308:
11295:
11289:
11267:
11261:
11243:
11229:
11215:
11201:
11183:
11181:
11178:
11176:
11175:
11156:
11141:
11133:, ed. (1878).
11127:
11111:, ed. (1868).
11105:
11085:
11065:
11045:
11025:
11011:
11005:
10979:
10971:, ed. (1899).
10965:
10945:, ed. (1841).
10939:
10921:
10887:
10875:, ed. (1853).
10869:
10849:
10827:
10816:
10794:
10790:Bannatyne Club
10780:
10757:
10738:
10714:. Copenhagen:
10708:, ed. (1911).
10702:
10679:
10664:
10650:
10640:. Austin, TX:
10629:
10607:
10588:
10570:
10564:
10547:
10513:
10479:
10445:
10411:
10377:
10343:
10331:, ed. (1867).
10325:
10287:
10251:
10245:
10225:
10206:
10191:
10172:
10152:
10126:
10112:
10101:
10081:, ed. (1908).
10075:
10036:
10034:
10031:
10029:
10026:
10024:
10023:
10006:
9994:
9982:
9970:McNamee (2005)
9950:
9934:
9922:
9904:pp. 105, 124;
9888:pp. 156, 169;
9874:
9862:
9846:
9816:pp. 156, 169;
9798:
9782:
9771:Ritchie (1997)
9755:
9739:Ritchie (1997)
9731:
9719:
9707:
9687:
9667:
9651:
9635:
9619:
9603:
9580:Valante (2010)
9568:
9552:
9540:
9524:
9508:
9502:pp. 237, 239;
9476:
9444:
9420:
9404:
9392:
9380:
9356:
9344:
9340:Howlett (1889)
9308:
9292:
9280:
9268:
9252:
9236:
9224:
9212:
9190:
9170:
9154:
9142:
9130:
9101:p. 167 n. 57;
9091:
9087:Orfield (2002)
9064:
9052:
9040:
9024:
9008:
8996:
8980:
8968:
8948:
8946:p. xxiv map 3.
8944:Barrell (2002)
8928:
8916:
8904:
8892:
8880:
8864:
8852:
8828:
8816:
8796:
8784:
8768:
8756:
8713:
8685:
8673:
8653:p. 158 n. 70;
8643:
8608:
8573:
8561:
8541:
8522:
8510:
8494:
8482:
8478:Pollock (2005)
8470:
8435:
8423:
8391:
8372:
8360:Pollock (2005)
8348:
8324:Pollock (2005)
8308:
8292:
8264:
8248:
8246:p. 11 § 2.5.9.
8238:p. 25 n. 167;
8208:
8188:
8164:
8152:Crooks (2005b)
8140:
8100:
8084:
8056:
8044:
8032:
8020:
8000:
7996:Downham (2013)
7988:
7976:O'Byrne (2005)
7964:
7960:Kostick (2013)
7949:
7929:
7893:Pollock (2005)
7883:pp. 134, 136;
7858:
7850:O'Byrne (2005)
7842:
7838:Barrett (2004)
7826:
7806:
7764:
7748:
7736:
7716:
7704:
7700:Downham (2013)
7692:
7652:Downham (2013)
7644:
7632:
7616:
7600:
7576:
7568:Crooks (2005a)
7560:
7548:
7532:
7512:
7496:
7488:Downham (2013)
7480:
7464:Downham (2013)
7456:
7452:Downham (2013)
7441:
7429:
7410:
7398:
7378:
7376:pp. 31, 42–43.
7362:Pollock (2005)
7350:
7334:
7318:
7306:
7298:Downham (2013)
7290:
7286:Pollock (2005)
7278:
7276:p. 128 n. 166.
7262:
7247:
7235:Pollock (2005)
7207:
7165:p. 109 n. 24;
7143:Downham (2013)
7119:
7107:
7087:
7061:
7023:
7007:
6969:
6943:
6927:
6887:Downham (2013)
6872:
6845:
6829:
6814:
6794:
6790:Downham (2013)
6782:
6765:
6753:
6741:
6709:
6690:
6671:
6651:
6632:
6598:
6582:pls. 88a–88b;
6568:
6556:
6540:
6514:pp. viii, 32;
6504:
6488:
6468:
6452:
6420:
6392:
6380:
6368:
6326:
6274:
6260:pp. 153, 155;
6235:
6212:
6201:Ritchie (1997)
6178:
6167:Ritchie (1997)
6147:
6143:Ritchie (1997)
6123:
6111:
6095:
6083:
6071:
6056:
6033:Johnsen (1969)
6021:
6005:Jónsson (1911)
5944:
5920:
5908:
5892:
5880:
5836:
5820:
5808:
5784:
5772:
5753:
5738:
5718:
5709:vol. 19 § 38;
5689:Johnsen (1969)
5645:
5629:
5614:
5605:pp. 155, 168;
5587:Johnsen (1969)
5559:
5550:vol. 19 § 38;
5530:
5514:
5498:
5486:
5471:
5459:
5405:pp. 153, 161;
5395:
5383:
5371:
5359:
5293:pp. 153, 161;
5275:
5264:Jónsson (1916)
5256:
5228:
5156:Downham (2013)
5140:
5128:
5109:
5093:
5089:Griffin (2002)
5069:
5065:Griffin (2002)
5057:
5045:
5027:pp. 113, 120;
5013:
4997:Pollock (2005)
4975:pp. 113, 120;
4947:
4931:Griffin (2002)
4901:pp. 113, 120;
4887:
4879:Pollock (2005)
4859:
4847:
4820:
4802:pp. 341, 343;
4792:
4768:
4752:
4732:
4712:
4685:
4657:
4645:
4633:
4629:Powicke (1978)
4617:
4589:
4577:
4521:Downham (2013)
4502:
4487:
4455:
4443:
4431:
4415:
4379:Downham (2013)
4363:
4343:
4331:
4327:Howlett (1889)
4315:Johnsen (1969)
4299:
4251:Downham (2013)
4239:
4219:
4203:
4187:
4175:
4147:
4131:
4119:
4103:
4091:
4079:
4043:
4011:
3999:
3980:
3968:
3952:
3936:
3924:
3912:
3908:Howlett (1889)
3877:
3875:pp. 71–72, 79.
3865:
3833:
3818:
3816:p. 192 tab. i.
3808:p. 27 tab. 1;
3800:p. ix tab. 1;
3790:
3760:p. 27 tab. 1;
3752:p. ix tab. 1;
3742:
3738:Kostick (2013)
3730:
3714:
3666:Downham (2013)
3642:
3630:
3614:
3586:
3574:
3562:
3542:McNamee (2005)
3510:
3498:
3482:
3402:Downham (2013)
3374:
3362:
3350:
3334:
3319:
3304:
3292:
3280:
3264:
3248:
3188:
3173:
3161:
3081:Pollock (2005)
3077:McNamee (2005)
3037:Kostick (2013)
3033:Downham (2013)
3009:
2994:
2954:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2926:
2913:
2896:
2886:
2857:
2835:
2831:Northern Isles
2806:
2785:
2777:foster-brother
2768:
2749:
2736:
2716:Northern Isles
2707:
2690:
2677:
2664:
2654:
2637:
2627:
2614:
2597:
2582:
2568:
2558:
2521:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2370:
2369:
2366:
2365:
2363:
2361:
2359:
2357:
2355:
2353:
2351:
2349:
2347:
2345:
2343:
2341:
2339:
2337:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2315:
2314:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2298:
2291:
2288:
2287:
2284:
2283:
2281:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2267:
2265:
2258:
2255:
2254:
2251:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2238:
2231:
2228:
2227:
2224:
2223:
2221:
2219:
2217:
2215:
2213:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2191:
2190:
2187:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2168:
2165:
2164:
2162:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2148:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2140:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2118:
2115:
2114:
2112:
2110:
2108:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2094:
2092:
2085:
2082:
2081:
2078:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2059:
2056:
2055:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2039:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2031:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2009:
2006:
2005:
2003:
2001:
1999:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1983:
1980:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1971:
1970:
1967:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1948:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1928:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1920:
1917:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1898:
1895:
1894:
1892:
1890:
1888:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1874:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1866:
1863:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1844:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1824:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1794:
1791:
1790:
1788:
1786:
1784:
1782:
1780:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1766:
1764:
1757:
1754:
1753:
1750:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1731:
1728:
1727:
1725:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1711:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1703:
1700:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1681:
1678:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1655:
1648:
1646:
1644:
1642:
1640:
1633:
1632:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1576:
1518:
1515:
1511:Mont St Michel
1429:Extent of the
1321:Asmundertoftes
1309:the lands of "
1269:
1266:
1253:Meic Lochlainn
1158:
1155:
1039:
1036:
1031:King of Dublin
901:
900:King of Dublin
898:
890:John de Courcy
829:Crovan dynasty
809:
806:
778:battle at Oslo
740:Battle of Oslo
725:Holyrood Abbey
647:
644:
503:Manx runestone
497:
496:
490:
489:
482:
481:
476:
475:
468:
467:
466:
465:
464:
462:
459:
383:Lewis chessmen
370:
367:
285:Crovan dynasty
268:
265:
245:John de Courcy
205:Crovan dynasty
180:
179:
176:
172:
171:
166:
162:
161:
159:Crovan dynasty
156:
150:
149:
147:
146:
141:
138:
133:
127:
125:
119:
118:
115:
111:
110:
105:
101:
97:
96:
89:
85:
84:
81:
77:
76:
59:
51:
50:
44:
43:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
17066:
17055:
17052:
17050:
17047:
17045:
17042:
17040:
17037:
17035:
17032:
17030:
17027:
17025:
17022:
17021:
17019:
17004:
17001:
16999:
16996:
16994:
16991:
16989:
16986:
16984:
16981:
16979:
16976:
16974:
16971:
16969:
16966:
16964:
16961:
16960:
16958:
16956:
16952:
16946:
16943:
16941:
16938:
16936:
16933:
16931:
16928:
16926:
16923:
16921:
16918:
16916:
16913:
16911:
16908:
16906:
16903:
16901:
16898:
16896:
16893:
16891:
16888:
16886:
16883:
16881:
16878:
16877:
16875:
16871:
16865:
16862:
16860:
16857:
16855:
16852:
16851:
16849:
16845:
16839:
16838:Old Norwegian
16836:
16834:
16831:
16829:
16826:
16824:
16821:
16819:
16816:
16815:
16813:
16811:
16807:
16801:
16798:
16796:
16793:
16791:
16788:
16786:
16783:
16781:
16778:
16776:
16775:Law Ting Holm
16773:
16771:
16768:
16766:
16763:
16762:
16760:
16758:
16754:
16748:
16745:
16743:
16740:
16738:
16737:
16733:
16731:
16728:
16726:
16725:
16721:
16719:
16716:
16714:
16711:
16709:
16706:
16704:
16701:
16699:
16698:
16694:
16692:
16691:
16687:
16685:
16682:
16681:
16679:
16675:
16669:
16666:
16664:
16661:
16659:
16656:
16654:
16651:
16649:
16646:
16644:
16641:
16639:
16638:Linton Chapel
16636:
16634:
16631:
16629:
16626:
16624:
16621:
16619:
16616:
16614:
16611:
16609:
16606:
16604:
16601:
16599:
16596:
16594:
16591:
16590:
16588:
16584:
16578:
16575:
16573:
16570:
16568:
16565:
16563:
16560:
16558:
16555:
16553:
16550:
16548:
16545:
16543:
16540:
16538:
16535:
16533:
16530:
16528:
16525:
16524:
16522:
16518:
16512:
16509:
16507:
16504:
16502:
16499:
16497:
16494:
16492:
16491:Páll Bálkason
16489:
16487:
16484:
16482:
16479:
16477:
16474:
16472:
16469:
16467:
16464:
16463:
16461:
16457:
16451:
16448:
16446:
16443:
16441:
16438:
16436:
16433:
16431:
16428:
16426:
16423:
16421:
16418:
16416:
16413:
16411:
16408:
16406:
16403:
16401:
16398:
16396:
16393:
16391:
16388:
16386:
16383:
16381:
16378:
16376:
16373:
16372:
16370:
16368:Notable women
16366:
16360:
16357:
16355:
16352:
16350:
16347:
16345:
16342:
16340:
16337:
16335:
16334:List of kings
16332:
16331:
16329:
16325:
16321:
16314:
16309:
16307:
16302:
16300:
16295:
16294:
16291:
16281:^ Speculative
16278:
16272:
16269:
16267:
16264:
16262:
16259:
16257:
16254:
16252:
16249:
16247:
16244:
16242:
16239:
16237:
16234:
16233:
16230:
16227:
16225:
16222:
16220:
16217:
16215:
16212:
16210:
16207:
16206:
16204:
16200:
16194:
16191:
16189:
16186:
16184:
16181:
16179:
16176:
16174:
16171:
16169:
16166:
16164:
16161:
16159:
16156:
16154:
16151:
16150:
16148:
16144:
16138:
16135:
16133:
16130:
16128:
16125:
16123:
16120:
16118:
16115:
16113:
16110:
16108:
16105:
16103:
16100:
16098:
16095:
16093:
16090:
16087:
16084:
16083:
16079:
16076:
16073:
16070:
16068:
16065:
16063:
16060:
16058:
16055:
16053:
16050:
16048:
16045:
16044:
16042:
16038:
16032:
16029:
16027:
16024:
16022:
16021:Amlaíb Cuarán
16019:
16016:
16013:
16011:
16008:
16005:
16002:
16001:
15999:
15995:
15989:
15988:Amlaíb Conung
15986:
15983:
15979:
15976:
15974:
15971:
15970:
15968:
15964:
15960:
15956:
15949:
15944:
15942:
15937:
15935:
15930:
15929:
15926:
15913:
15907:
15904:
15902:
15899:
15897:
15894:
15892:
15889:
15886:
15883:
15881:
15878:
15876:
15873:
15871:
15868:
15866:
15863:
15861:
15858:
15856:
15853:
15851:
15848:
15846:
15843:
15840:
15837:
15836:
15834:
15830:
15823:
15820:
15817:
15814:
15812:
15809:
15806:
15803:
15801:
15798:
15796:
15793:
15791:
15788:
15786:
15783:
15781:
15778:
15776:
15773:
15771:
15768:
15766:
15763:
15761:
15758:
15756:
15753:
15752:
15750:
15746:
15740:
15737:
15735:
15732:
15730:
15727:
15725:
15724:Amlaíb Cuarán
15722:
15720:
15717:
15715:
15712:
15710:
15707:
15705:
15702:
15700:
15697:
15696:
15694:
15690:
15682:
15672:
15671:Ímar ua Ímair
15669:
15666:
15663:
15660:
15657:
15655:
15652:
15650:
15647:
15645:
15642:
15639:
15636:
15633:
15630:
15628:
15625:
15622:
15618:
15615:
15613:
15610:
15609:
15607:
15603:
15599:
15592:
15587:
15585:
15580:
15578:
15573:
15572:
15569:
15565:
15553:
15549:
15544:
15540:
15531:
15530:
15523:
15517:
15513:
15509:
15500:
15499:
15492:
15486:
15481:
15476:
15470:
15469:
15460:
15454:
15449:
15445:
15441:
15437:
15433:
15432:
15421:
15415:
15411:
15407:
15403:
15398:
15394:
15390:
15386:
15380:
15376:
15371:
15367:
15363:
15359:
15354:
15350:
15344:
15340:
15335:
15331:
15327:
15322:
15318:
15316:1-84158-253-0
15312:
15308:
15303:
15299:
15297:9788251918732
15293:
15289:
15284:
15280:
15278:0-19-211696-7
15274:
15270:
15266:
15262:
15258:
15254:
15247:
15243:
15239:
15235:
15231:
15227:
15221:
15217:
15212:
15207:
15202:
15198:
15193:
15189:
15187:0-631-21785-1
15183:
15179:
15175:
15170:
15166:
15160:
15156:
15155:T&T Clark
15153:. Edinburgh:
15152:
15147:
15143:
15139:
15135:
15131:
15127:
15123:
15120:(2): 99–119.
15119:
15115:
15114:
15109:
15105:
15101:
15097:
15092:
15088:
15082:
15078:
15074:
15070:
15065:
15061:
15055:
15051:
15047:
15042:
15038:
15034:
15030:
15026:
15022:
15018:
15014:
15010:
15006:
15002:
15001:
14995:
14991:
14987:
14983:
14981:0-85115-389-5
14977:
14973:
14968:
14964:
14958:
14954:
14949:
14945:
14941:
14937:
14935:9780300215519
14931:
14927:
14923:
14918:
14914:
14910:
14906:
14902:
14898:
14894:
14890:
14886:
14885:
14879:
14875:
14869:
14865:
14860:
14856:
14852:
14848:
14846:0-19-285245-0
14842:
14838:
14833:
14832:
14826:
14821:
14817:
14813:
14809:
14803:
14799:
14794:
14790:
14775:
14771:
14767:
14766:
14760:
14754:
14750:
14748:1-86232-151-5
14744:
14740:
14736:
14732:
14728:
14713:
14709:
14705:
14701:
14697:
14690:
14685:
14681:
14666:
14662:
14658:
14657:
14651:
14645:
14641:
14637:
14636:
14630:
14626:
14620:
14616:
14612:
14607:
14603:
14599:
14592:
14588:
14584:
14580:
14576:
14572:
14568:
14564:
14560:
14555:
14551:
14547:
14543:
14541:1-84158-154-2
14537:
14532:
14531:
14524:
14520:
14518:1-874744-86-6
14514:
14510:
14505:
14501:
14499:0-7134-7855-1
14495:
14491:
14487:
14482:
14478:
14474:
14470:
14466:
14462:
14458:
14454:
14449:
14444:
14439:
14435:
14430:
14426:
14420:
14416:
14411:
14407:
14403:
14399:
14395:
14394:
14386:
14381:
14377:
14373:
14369:
14365:
14361:
14357:
14353:
14349:
14344:
14340:
14336:
14332:
14328:
14323:
14319:
14315:
14311:
14307:
14302:
14298:
14293:
14289:
14283:
14279:
14274:
14261:
14256:
14250:
14246:
14245:
14239:
14235:
14233:0-85976-541-5
14229:
14225:
14220:
14216:
14212:
14207:
14202:
14198:
14194:
14190:
14186:
14182:
14178:
14173:
14168:
14163:
14159:
14155:
14150:
14146:
14144:0-415-94052-4
14140:
14136:
14131:
14127:
14125:0-415-94052-4
14121:
14117:
14112:
14108:
14106:0-415-94052-4
14102:
14098:
14094:
14090:
14086:
14080:
14076:
14072:
14068:
14064:
14059:
14055:
14040:
14036:
14032:
14031:
14025:
14019:
14015:
14011:
14007:
14003:
14002:
13996:
13991:
13986:
13982:
13978:
13974:
13969:
13964:
13959:
13955:
13951:
13944:
13939:
13935:
13931:
13927:
13923:
13919:
13915:
13912:(1–2): 3–22.
13911:
13907:
13902:
13898:
13894:
13890:
13884:
13880:
13876:
13872:
13867:
13863:
13859:
13855:
13849:
13845:
13841:
13837:
13832:
13828:
13822:
13818:
13814:
13810:
13806:
13801:
13797:
13791:
13787:
13782:
13778:
13772:
13768:
13763:
13759:
13753:
13749:
13744:
13740:
13734:
13730:
13725:
13721:
13717:
13713:
13709:
13705:
13701:
13697:
13693:
13689:
13685:
13680:
13676:
13670:
13666:
13662:
13658:
13654:
13649:
13644:
13640:
13635:
13630:
13625:
13621:
13616:
13611:
13606:
13602:
13598:
13593:
13589:
13585:
13581:
13577:
13573:
13567:
13563:
13557:
13553:
13547:
13536:
13535:
13529:
13525:
13521:
13517:
13511:
13507:
13502:
13498:
13494:
13493:
13487:
13483:
13477:
13473:
13469:
13464:
13460:
13456:
13452:
13448:
13444:
13440:
13436:
13432:
13428:
13424:
13417:
13413:
13409:
13405:
13401:
13397:
13393:
13389:
13385:
13381:
13377:
13373:
13369:
13365:
13363:0-19-211696-7
13359:
13355:
13351:
13347:
13342:
13338:
13332:
13328:
13324:
13320:
13316:
13311:
13307:
13301:
13297:
13293:
13288:
13284:
13280:
13276:
13272:
13268:
13264:
13260:
13256:
13252:
13248:
13243:
13239:
13233:
13229:
13225:
13221:
13217:
13202:
13198:
13194:
13193:
13187:
13182:
13181:Hollister, CW
13178:
13174:
13172:0-521-47299-7
13168:
13164:
13160:
13156:
13149:
13148:
13142:
13138:
13136:0-85115-732-7
13132:
13128:
13124:
13123:Gillingham, J
13120:
13116:
13110:
13094:
13090:
13086:
13082:
13078:
13074:
13068:
13064:
13059:
13055:
13048:
13043:
13039:
13035:
13031:
13027:
13023:
13019:
13018:
13012:
13008:
13003:
12999:
12997:0-85323-036-6
12993:
12989:
12986:. Liverpool:
12985:
12980:
12976:
12970:
12966:
12962:
12957:
12953:
12949:
12945:
12939:
12935:
12930:
12926:
12911:
12907:
12903:
12902:
12896:
12890:
12886:
12871:
12867:
12863:
12862:
12856:
12850:
12846:
12831:
12827:
12823:
12822:
12816:
12810:
12806:
12804:0-19-822154-1
12800:
12796:
12791:
12787:
12783:
12779:
12775:
12771:
12767:
12763:
12759:
12758:
12752:
12748:
12746:87-635-0612-2
12742:
12737:
12732:
12728:
12724:
12723:
12717:
12713:
12709:
12705:
12701:
12697:
12693:
12689:
12685:
12681:
12677:
12676:
12668:
12664:
12660:
12656:
12650:
12646:
12641:
12637:
12635:1-85182-974-1
12631:
12627:
12622:
12618:
12614:
12610:
12608:1-84383-122-8
12604:
12600:
12596:
12592:
12587:
12583:
12581:0-415-94052-4
12577:
12573:
12568:
12564:
12549:
12545:
12541:
12540:
12534:
12528:
12524:
12509:
12505:
12501:
12500:
12494:
12488:
12484:
12469:
12465:
12461:
12460:
12454:
12448:
12444:
12429:
12425:
12421:
12420:
12414:
12408:
12404:
12402:1-85182-489-8
12398:
12394:
12390:
12386:
12381:
12377:
12373:
12369:
12367:0-85115-573-1
12363:
12359:
12355:
12351:
12346:
12342:
12338:
12334:
12330:
12323:
12318:
12314:
12312:1-85285-122-8
12308:
12304:
12300:
12295:
12290:
12285:
12281:
12277:
12272:
12268:
12264:
12260:
12256:
12252:
12248:
12244:
12240:
12239:
12233:
12229:
12225:
12224:
12218:
12214:
12210:
12206:
12200:
12196:
12192:
12187:
12183:
12181:0-521-38069-3
12177:
12173:
12170:. Cambridge:
12169:
12165:
12161:
12157:
12153:
12146:
12141:
12137:
12135:1-85109-445-8
12131:
12127:
12122:
12118:
12116:1-85109-445-8
12112:
12108:
12104:
12100:
12095:
12080:
12076:
12074:0-9535226-2-8
12070:
12066:
12059:
12054:
12050:
12046:
12042:
12041:
12036:
12032:
12028:
12026:0-415-94052-4
12022:
12018:
12013:
12009:
12007:0-415-94052-4
12003:
11999:
11994:
11990:
11986:
11982:
11978:
11974:
11969:
11965:
11961:
11957:
11951:
11947:
11942:
11938:
11932:
11928:
11925:. Edinburgh:
11924:
11919:
11904:
11900:
11896:
11892:
11888:
11887:
11879:
11874:
11870:
11866:
11862:
11858:
11854:
11850:
11846:
11842:
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11825:
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11817:
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11807:
11803:
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11782:
11781:
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11771:
11765:
11761:
11757:
11753:
11749:
11745:
11741:
11737:
11733:
11729:
11724:
11720:
11718:1-84158-253-0
11714:
11710:
11707:. Edinburgh:
11706:
11701:
11697:
11691:
11687:
11683:
11679:
11675:
11671:
11667:
11661:
11657:
11652:
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11629:
11625:
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11606:
11602:
11598:
11594:
11590:
11586:
11582:
11578:
11574:
11570:
11566:
11565:
11559:
11548:
11544:
11543:
11542:H-Net Reviews
11538:
11533:
11529:
11525:
11521:
11517:
11513:
11509:
11505:
11501:
11500:
11494:
11479:
11475:
11473:0-9535226-3-6
11469:
11465:
11458:
11453:
11449:
11445:
11441:
11437:
11433:
11429:
11425:
11421:
11416:
11412:
11408:
11404:
11400:
11396:
11392:
11388:
11384:
11383:
11377:
11373:
11371:0-19-822473-7
11367:
11363:
11359:
11355:
11351:
11336:
11332:
11328:
11327:
11321:
11315:
11311:
11309:0-521-44182-X
11305:
11301:
11296:
11292:
11286:
11282:
11281:
11276:
11272:
11268:
11264:
11262:0-11-491728-0
11258:
11254:
11250:
11249:
11244:
11240:
11236:
11232:
11226:
11222:
11216:
11212:
11208:
11204:
11198:
11194:
11190:
11185:
11184:
11172:
11168:
11167:
11162:
11157:
11153:
11149:
11148:
11142:
11138:
11137:
11132:
11128:
11124:
11120:
11116:
11115:
11110:
11106:
11094:
11090:
11086:
11074:
11070:
11066:
11054:
11050:
11046:
11034:
11030:
11026:
11023:
11019:
11018:
11012:
11008:
11006:82-7061-192-1
11002:
10997:
10992:
10988:
10984:
10980:
10976:
10975:
10970:
10966:
10962:
10958:
10954:
10950:
10949:
10944:
10940:
10936:
10935:David Douglas
10932:
10931:
10926:
10922:
10918:
10912:
10896:
10892:
10888:
10884:
10880:
10879:
10874:
10870:
10857:
10852:
10850:0-19-822256-4
10846:
10842:
10838:
10837:
10832:
10828:
10824:
10823:
10817:
10813:
10809:
10808:
10803:
10799:
10795:
10791:
10787:
10786:
10781:
10777:
10773:
10769:
10765:
10764:
10758:
10754:
10750:
10746:
10745:
10739:
10735:
10731:
10726:
10721:
10717:
10713:
10712:
10707:
10703:
10699:
10695:
10691:
10687:
10686:
10680:
10676:
10672:
10671:
10665:
10661:
10657:
10653:
10647:
10643:
10638:
10637:
10630:
10626:
10622:
10621:
10616:
10612:
10608:
10604:
10600:
10599:
10594:
10591:Grainger, F;
10589:
10585:
10581:
10577:
10576:
10571:
10567:
10561:
10557:
10553:
10548:
10544:
10538:
10522:
10518:
10514:
10510:
10504:
10488:
10484:
10480:
10476:
10470:
10454:
10450:
10446:
10442:
10436:
10420:
10416:
10412:
10408:
10402:
10386:
10382:
10378:
10374:
10368:
10352:
10348:
10344:
10340:
10336:
10335:
10330:
10326:
10322:
10316:
10300:
10296:
10292:
10288:
10284:
10278:
10262:
10261:
10256:
10252:
10248:
10246:0-86241-787-2
10242:
10238:
10235:. Edinburgh:
10234:
10230:
10226:
10222:
10218:
10214:
10213:
10207:
10203:
10199:
10198:
10192:
10187:
10182:
10178:
10173:
10161:
10157:
10153:
10141:
10137:
10136:
10131:
10127:
10123:
10122:
10117:
10113:
10109:
10108:
10102:
10098:
10094:
10090:
10086:
10085:
10080:
10076:
10072:
10066:
10050:
10046:
10042:
10038:
10037:
10020:
10015:
10013:
10011:
10003:
9998:
9991:
9986:
9979:
9978:Duffy (2004d)
9975:
9971:
9967:
9963:
9959:
9954:
9947:
9943:
9938:
9931:
9926:
9919:
9916:pp. 313–314;
9915:
9911:
9907:
9903:
9899:
9898:Duffy (2004d)
9895:
9891:
9887:
9883:
9878:
9871:
9866:
9859:
9855:
9850:
9843:
9840:pp. 313–314;
9839:
9835:
9831:
9827:
9826:Duffy (2004d)
9823:
9819:
9815:
9811:
9807:
9802:
9795:
9791:
9786:
9779:
9777:
9772:
9768:
9764:
9759:
9752:
9748:
9744:
9740:
9735:
9728:
9723:
9716:
9711:
9704:
9700:
9696:
9691:
9684:
9680:
9679:Duffy (2004b)
9676:
9671:
9664:
9660:
9655:
9648:
9645:pp. 78, 190;
9644:
9639:
9632:
9629:pp. 78, 189;
9628:
9623:
9616:
9612:
9607:
9600:
9598:
9593:
9592:Oliver (1861)
9589:
9585:
9581:
9577:
9572:
9565:
9561:
9556:
9549:
9544:
9537:
9533:
9528:
9521:
9517:
9512:
9505:
9501:
9497:
9496:Duffy (2004d)
9493:
9489:
9485:
9480:
9473:
9469:
9465:
9461:
9457:
9453:
9448:
9441:
9437:
9434:pp. 70, 123;
9433:
9429:
9424:
9417:
9413:
9408:
9401:
9396:
9389:
9384:
9378:pp. 113, 118.
9377:
9373:
9369:
9365:
9360:
9353:
9348:
9341:
9337:
9336:Lawrie (1910)
9333:
9329:
9325:
9321:
9317:
9312:
9305:
9301:
9296:
9289:
9284:
9277:
9272:
9265:
9261:
9256:
9249:
9246:pp. 174–175;
9245:
9240:
9233:
9228:
9221:
9216:
9209:
9207:
9202:
9197:
9195:
9187:
9183:
9179:
9174:
9167:
9163:
9158:
9151:
9146:
9139:
9134:
9127:
9125:
9121:pp. 229–230;
9120:
9116:
9112:
9108:
9104:
9100:
9095:
9088:
9084:
9080:
9076:
9071:
9069:
9061:
9056:
9049:
9044:
9037:
9033:
9028:
9021:
9020:Sayers (2004)
9017:
9012:
9005:
9004:Sayers (2004)
9000:
8993:
8989:
8984:
8977:
8972:
8965:
8961:
8957:
8952:
8945:
8941:
8937:
8932:
8925:
8920:
8913:
8908:
8901:
8896:
8889:
8884:
8877:
8873:
8868:
8861:
8856:
8849:
8845:
8841:
8837:
8832:
8825:
8820:
8813:
8809:
8805:
8800:
8794:pp. 171, 180.
8793:
8788:
8781:
8777:
8772:
8765:
8760:
8753:
8751:
8746:
8743:pp. 170–171;
8742:
8738:
8734:
8730:
8726:
8722:
8717:
8710:
8706:
8702:
8699:p. 93 n. 45;
8698:
8694:
8689:
8682:
8677:
8670:
8668:
8663:
8661:
8656:
8652:
8651:Barrow (1980)
8647:
8640:
8638:
8633:
8629:
8625:
8622:pp. 68, 196;
8621:
8617:
8612:
8605:
8603:
8598:
8597:Oliver (1861)
8594:
8590:
8587:pp. 68, 204;
8586:
8582:
8577:
8570:
8565:
8558:
8554:
8551:pp. 66, 192;
8550:
8545:
8538:
8536:
8532:pp. 100–101;
8531:
8526:
8519:
8514:
8507:
8503:
8498:
8491:
8490:Martin (2008)
8486:
8479:
8474:
8467:
8463:
8459:
8455:
8452:pp. 137–138;
8451:
8448:pp. 145–146;
8447:
8442:
8440:
8432:
8427:
8420:
8416:
8415:Davies (1990)
8412:
8408:
8404:
8400:
8395:
8388:
8386:
8381:
8376:
8369:
8365:
8361:
8358:pp. 155–156;
8357:
8352:
8345:
8341:
8340:Stubbs (1871)
8337:
8333:
8329:
8325:
8321:
8320:Duffy (2005a)
8317:
8316:Wadden (2014)
8312:
8305:
8301:
8296:
8289:
8285:
8281:
8278:pp. 126–127;
8277:
8273:
8268:
8262:p. 25 n. 167.
8261:
8257:
8252:
8245:
8241:
8237:
8233:
8232:Duffy (2004a)
8229:
8228:Duffy (2005a)
8225:
8221:
8217:
8212:
8205:
8202:pp. 126–127;
8201:
8198:pp. 137–138;
8197:
8192:
8185:
8181:
8177:
8173:
8168:
8161:
8160:Duffy (2004a)
8157:
8156:Duffy (2005a)
8153:
8150:pp. 136–137;
8149:
8144:
8137:
8133:
8129:
8128:Duffy (2004a)
8125:
8124:Duffy (2005a)
8121:
8117:
8113:
8110:pp. 145–146;
8109:
8104:
8097:
8093:
8088:
8081:
8077:
8074:pp. 124–125;
8073:
8069:
8066:pp. 135–136;
8065:
8060:
8054:p. 357 n. 61.
8053:
8048:
8041:
8036:
8029:
8024:
8017:
8013:
8009:
8008:Duffy (2005b)
8004:
7997:
7992:
7985:
7981:
7977:
7973:
7968:
7961:
7956:
7954:
7946:
7943:pp. 296–297;
7942:
7938:
7933:
7926:
7925:Dimock (1867)
7922:
7918:
7915:pp. 132–133;
7914:
7910:
7906:
7902:
7898:
7894:
7890:
7886:
7882:
7878:
7874:
7870:
7865:
7863:
7855:
7851:
7846:
7839:
7835:
7830:
7823:
7819:
7815:
7810:
7803:
7802:Dimock (1867)
7799:
7795:
7791:
7789:
7784:
7780:
7776:
7774:
7768:
7761:
7757:
7752:
7745:
7740:
7733:
7729:
7725:
7724:Duffy (2005b)
7720:
7713:
7708:
7701:
7696:
7689:
7688:Dimock (1867)
7685:
7681:
7677:
7673:
7669:
7665:
7664:Duffy (2005b)
7661:
7657:
7654:p. 157 n. 1;
7653:
7648:
7641:
7636:
7629:
7625:
7620:
7613:
7609:
7604:
7597:
7593:
7589:
7585:
7580:
7573:
7569:
7564:
7557:
7552:
7545:
7541:
7536:
7529:
7528:Duffy (2004b)
7525:
7521:
7516:
7509:
7505:
7504:French (2015)
7500:
7493:
7490:pp. 171–172;
7489:
7484:
7477:
7473:
7469:
7466:pp. 171–172;
7465:
7460:
7453:
7448:
7446:
7438:
7433:
7426:
7422:
7417:
7415:
7407:
7402:
7395:
7391:
7387:
7382:
7375:
7371:
7367:
7363:
7359:
7354:
7347:
7343:
7338:
7331:
7327:
7322:
7315:
7310:
7303:
7299:
7294:
7287:
7282:
7275:
7271:
7266:
7259:
7258:Wadden (2014)
7254:
7252:
7244:
7240:
7237:p. 16 n. 76;
7236:
7232:
7231:Martin (2008)
7228:
7224:
7220:
7216:
7211:
7204:
7200:
7197:pp. 296–297;
7196:
7192:
7188:
7184:
7180:
7176:
7173:pp. 215–216;
7172:
7168:
7164:
7160:
7156:
7152:
7148:
7144:
7140:
7139:Wadden (2014)
7136:
7132:
7128:
7123:
7116:
7111:
7104:
7100:
7096:
7091:
7084:
7080:
7078:
7073:
7071:
7065:
7058:
7054:
7050:
7046:
7042:
7040:
7035:
7033:
7027:
7020:
7016:
7011:
7004:
7000:
6996:
6992:
6988:
6986:
6981:
6979:
6973:
6966:
6962:
6960:
6955:
6953:
6947:
6940:
6936:
6931:
6924:
6920:
6916:
6913:pp. 126–127;
6912:
6908:
6904:
6900:
6896:
6892:
6888:
6885:pp. 145–146;
6884:
6879:
6877:
6869:
6865:
6861:
6857:
6852:
6850:
6842:
6839:p. 85 n. 88;
6838:
6833:
6826:
6821:
6819:
6811:
6810:Butler (1845)
6808:pp. 128–129;
6807:
6803:
6798:
6791:
6786:
6779:
6774:
6772:
6770:
6762:
6757:
6750:
6745:
6738:
6734:
6730:
6726:
6722:
6718:
6713:
6706:
6704:
6699:
6694:
6687:
6685:
6681:pp. 439–440;
6680:
6675:
6668:
6664:
6660:
6655:
6648:
6646:
6642:pp. 439–440;
6641:
6636:
6629:
6627:
6622:
6618:
6616:
6611:
6607:
6602:
6595:
6593:
6588:
6586:
6581:
6578:pp. 439–440;
6577:
6572:
6565:
6560:
6553:
6549:
6544:
6537:
6533:
6529:
6525:
6521:
6517:
6513:
6508:
6502:pp. 150, 260.
6501:
6497:
6492:
6485:
6481:
6477:
6476:Sellar (2004)
6472:
6465:
6464:Duffy (2004b)
6461:
6456:
6449:
6446:pp. 258–259;
6445:
6441:
6437:
6433:
6430:pp. 128–129;
6429:
6424:
6417:
6414:pp. 258–259;
6413:
6409:
6406:pp. 128–129;
6405:
6401:
6396:
6389:
6384:
6377:
6372:
6365:
6361:
6357:
6353:
6349:
6347:
6342:
6338:
6336:
6330:
6323:
6319:
6315:
6311:
6307:
6303:
6302:Sellar (2000)
6299:
6298:Sellar (2004)
6295:
6291:
6287:
6283:
6278:
6271:
6270:Duffy (2004b)
6267:
6263:
6259:
6255:
6251:
6247:
6242:
6240:
6232:
6228:
6224:
6219:
6217:
6209:
6207:
6203:pp. 100–101;
6202:
6199:pp. 62, 246;
6198:
6194:
6190:
6185:
6183:
6175:
6173:
6169:pp. 100–101;
6168:
6164:
6160:
6156:
6151:
6144:
6140:
6136:
6132:
6127:
6121:p. 421 n. 10.
6120:
6115:
6108:
6104:
6099:
6092:
6087:
6080:
6075:
6068:
6063:
6061:
6053:
6051:
6046:
6042:
6039:p. 196 n. 5;
6038:
6034:
6030:
6025:
6018:
6014:
6010:
6006:
6003:pp. 248–249;
6002:
5999:p. 196 n. 5;
5998:
5994:
5990:
5986:
5982:
5978:
5974:
5970:
5966:
5962:
5958:
5953:
5951:
5949:
5941:
5937:
5934:pp. 244–245;
5933:
5929:
5924:
5917:
5912:
5905:
5901:
5896:
5889:
5884:
5877:
5876:Barrow (1994)
5873:
5869:
5865:
5861:
5858:pp. 118–119;
5857:
5853:
5850:p. 30 n. 51;
5849:
5845:
5840:
5833:
5830:pp. 118–119;
5829:
5824:
5817:
5812:
5805:
5801:
5797:
5794:pp. 118–122;
5793:
5788:
5781:
5776:
5769:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5750:
5745:
5743:
5735:
5731:
5727:
5722:
5715:
5713:
5708:
5706:
5702:pp. III–VII;
5701:
5699:
5695:p. 196 n. 5;
5694:
5690:
5686:
5682:
5681:Barrow (1995)
5678:
5674:
5670:
5666:
5662:
5658:
5654:
5653:Taylor (2016)
5649:
5642:
5638:
5633:
5626:
5621:
5619:
5612:vol. 19 § 35.
5611:
5609:
5604:
5603:Hunter (1844)
5600:
5597:p. 246 n. 4;
5596:
5593:p. 196 n. 5;
5592:
5588:
5584:
5580:
5576:
5572:
5568:
5563:
5556:
5554:
5549:
5547:
5543:pp. III–VII;
5542:
5540:
5534:
5527:
5523:
5518:
5511:
5507:
5502:
5495:
5490:
5483:
5478:
5476:
5468:
5463:
5456:
5452:
5448:
5444:
5443:Rixson (1982)
5440:
5436:
5432:
5428:
5424:
5420:
5416:
5412:
5408:
5404:
5399:
5392:
5387:
5380:
5375:
5369:p. 85 n. 127.
5368:
5363:
5356:
5352:
5351:Lawrie (1910)
5349:pp. 231–232;
5348:
5344:
5340:
5339:Rixson (1982)
5336:
5332:
5328:
5324:
5320:
5316:
5312:
5309:pp. 143–144;
5308:
5307:Barrow (2006)
5304:
5300:
5296:
5292:
5288:
5284:
5279:
5272:
5270:
5265:
5260:
5253:
5249:
5245:
5241:
5237:
5232:
5225:
5221:
5220:Lawrie (1910)
5217:
5213:
5209:
5206:pp. 8–9, 12;
5205:
5201:
5197:
5193:
5189:
5185:
5184:Rixson (2001)
5181:
5178:pp. 243–244;
5177:
5173:
5169:
5165:
5161:
5157:
5153:
5152:Wadden (2014)
5149:
5144:
5137:
5132:
5125:
5123:
5118:
5113:
5106:
5105:Duffy (2004c)
5102:
5101:French (2015)
5097:
5090:
5086:
5085:Duffy (2004c)
5082:
5078:
5077:Wadden (2014)
5073:
5066:
5061:
5054:
5053:Clancy (2008)
5049:
5042:
5038:
5034:
5030:
5026:
5022:
5021:Wadden (2014)
5017:
5010:
5006:
5002:
4998:
4994:
4990:
4986:
4985:Butter (2007)
4982:
4978:
4977:Clancy (2008)
4974:
4970:
4968:
4963:
4961:
4956:
4955:Wadden (2014)
4951:
4944:
4940:
4936:
4932:
4928:
4927:Duffy (2004c)
4924:
4920:
4916:
4912:
4908:
4904:
4900:
4896:
4895:Wadden (2014)
4891:
4884:
4883:Duffy (2004c)
4880:
4876:
4872:
4868:
4863:
4856:
4851:
4844:
4842:
4837:
4836:Oliver (1861)
4833:
4829:
4824:
4817:
4816:Rixson (1982)
4813:
4809:
4805:
4801:
4796:
4789:
4788:Rixson (1982)
4785:
4781:
4777:
4772:
4765:
4761:
4756:
4749:
4745:
4741:
4736:
4729:
4725:
4721:
4716:
4709:
4705:
4701:
4697:
4692:
4690:
4683:p. 57 fig. 9.
4682:
4678:
4677:Cubbon (1952)
4674:
4673:Rixson (1982)
4670:
4666:
4661:
4654:
4649:
4642:
4637:
4630:
4626:
4621:
4614:
4610:
4606:
4602:
4598:
4593:
4586:
4581:
4574:
4570:
4566:
4562:
4558:
4554:
4550:
4546:
4542:
4538:
4534:
4533:Abrams (2007)
4530:
4526:
4522:
4518:
4514:
4509:
4507:
4499:
4494:
4492:
4484:
4481:pp. 225–226;
4480:
4476:
4472:
4468:
4464:
4463:Clancy (2008)
4459:
4453:p. 423 n. 26.
4452:
4447:
4440:
4435:
4428:
4424:
4419:
4412:
4408:
4404:
4400:
4396:
4392:
4388:
4387:Sellar (2000)
4384:
4380:
4376:
4372:
4367:
4360:
4359:Duffy (2004b)
4356:
4352:
4347:
4340:
4335:
4328:
4324:
4323:Lawrie (1910)
4320:
4316:
4312:
4311:Hudson (2005)
4308:
4303:
4296:
4292:
4288:
4284:
4280:
4276:
4272:
4271:Hudson (2005)
4268:
4265:pp. 106–107;
4264:
4260:
4256:
4252:
4248:
4243:
4236:
4233:pp. 421–422;
4232:
4228:
4223:
4216:
4213:p. 93 n. 43;
4212:
4207:
4200:
4196:
4191:
4184:
4179:
4172:
4168:
4164:
4160:
4156:
4151:
4144:
4140:
4135:
4128:
4123:
4117:pp. 165, 197.
4116:
4112:
4107:
4100:
4095:
4088:
4083:
4076:
4072:
4068:
4064:
4061:pp. 67, 116;
4060:
4056:
4055:Wadden (2014)
4052:
4047:
4040:
4039:Rixson (2001)
4036:
4032:
4028:
4024:
4020:
4015:
4008:
4003:
3996:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3977:
3972:
3965:
3961:
3956:
3949:
3945:
3940:
3933:
3928:
3921:
3916:
3909:
3905:
3904:Lawrie (1910)
3901:
3897:
3893:
3889:
3884:
3882:
3874:
3869:
3862:
3858:
3854:
3850:
3846:
3845:Wadden (2014)
3842:
3837:
3831:p. 27 tab. 1.
3830:
3825:
3823:
3815:
3814:Sellar (2000)
3811:
3807:
3803:
3799:
3794:
3787:
3783:
3780:p. 259 tab.;
3779:
3775:
3774:Sellar (2000)
3771:
3767:
3763:
3759:
3755:
3751:
3746:
3739:
3734:
3727:
3723:
3718:
3711:
3707:
3703:
3702:Duffy (2004b)
3699:
3695:
3691:
3687:
3683:
3679:
3675:
3671:
3667:
3663:
3659:
3655:
3651:
3646:
3639:
3634:
3627:
3623:
3618:
3611:
3607:
3603:
3599:
3595:
3590:
3583:
3578:
3571:
3566:
3559:
3555:
3551:
3547:
3543:
3539:
3538:Hudson (2005)
3535:
3531:
3530:Abrams (2007)
3527:
3523:
3519:
3514:
3507:
3502:
3495:
3491:
3490:Duffy (2004b)
3486:
3479:
3475:
3471:
3470:Duffy (2004b)
3467:
3463:
3459:
3455:
3451:
3447:
3443:
3439:
3435:
3431:
3427:
3423:
3419:
3415:
3411:
3407:
3403:
3399:
3395:
3391:
3387:
3383:
3378:
3371:
3370:Duffy (2005a)
3366:
3359:
3354:
3347:
3343:
3338:
3331:
3326:
3324:
3316:
3311:
3309:
3301:
3296:
3289:
3284:
3277:
3273:
3268:
3261:
3257:
3252:
3245:
3241:
3237:
3233:
3229:
3225:
3221:
3217:
3216:Duffy (2004b)
3213:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3197:
3192:
3185:
3184:McLeod (2002)
3180:
3178:
3170:
3165:
3158:
3154:
3150:
3146:
3142:
3138:
3134:
3130:
3126:
3122:
3118:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3102:
3098:
3097:Sellar (2004)
3094:
3093:Duffy (2004d)
3090:
3089:Duffy (2004b)
3086:
3085:Duffy (2004a)
3082:
3078:
3074:
3073:Hudson (2005)
3070:
3066:
3062:
3058:
3057:Abrams (2007)
3054:
3053:Martin (2008)
3050:
3046:
3042:
3038:
3034:
3030:
3029:Wadden (2014)
3026:
3022:
3018:
3013:
3006:
3001:
2999:
2991:
2987:
2983:
2979:
2975:
2971:
2970:Barrow (2006)
2967:
2963:
2958:
2951:
2949:
2944:
2943:Dimock (1867)
2939:
2935:
2923:
2917:
2910:
2909:Castle Rushen
2906:
2900:
2894:Muirchertach.
2890:
2883:
2879:
2878:Faroe Islands
2876:, one in the
2875:
2871:
2867:
2861:
2854:
2850:
2846:
2839:
2832:
2828:
2826:
2820:
2818:
2810:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2789:
2782:
2778:
2772:
2765:
2761:
2760:
2753:
2746:
2740:
2733:
2731:
2725:
2723:
2717:
2711:
2704:
2700:
2694:
2687:
2681:
2674:
2668:
2658:
2651:
2647:
2641:
2631:
2624:
2618:
2611:
2607:
2601:
2594:
2593:
2592:Gall Gaidheil
2586:
2579:
2572:
2562:
2555:
2553:
2547:
2543:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2525:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2502:
2498:
2494:
2490:
2486:
2482:
2478:
2474:
2470:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2430:
2426:
2422:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2402:
2398:
2394:
2390:
2384:
2380:
2364:
2362:
2360:
2358:
2356:
2354:
2352:
2350:
2348:
2346:
2344:
2342:
2340:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2332:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2325:
2317:
2316:
2313:
2312:
2307:
2306:
2301:
2300:
2296:
2290:
2289:
2286:
2285:
2276:
2275:
2270:
2269:
2263:
2257:
2256:
2253:
2252:
2247:
2246:
2241:
2240:
2236:
2230:
2229:
2226:
2225:
2208:
2207:
2202:
2201:
2193:
2192:
2189:
2188:
2183:
2182:
2177:
2176:
2171:
2170:
2167:
2166:
2157:
2156:
2151:
2150:
2143:
2142:
2139:
2138:
2133:
2132:
2127:
2126:
2121:
2120:
2117:
2116:
2103:
2102:
2097:
2096:
2090:
2084:
2083:
2080:
2079:
2074:
2073:
2068:
2067:
2062:
2061:
2058:
2057:
2048:
2047:
2042:
2041:
2034:
2033:
2030:
2029:
2024:
2023:
2018:
2017:
2012:
2011:
2008:
2007:
1986:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1973:
1972:
1969:
1968:
1963:
1962:
1957:
1956:
1951:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1937:
1936:
1931:
1930:
1923:
1922:
1919:
1918:
1913:
1912:
1907:
1906:
1901:
1900:
1897:
1896:
1883:
1882:
1877:
1876:
1869:
1868:
1865:
1864:
1859:
1858:
1853:
1852:
1847:
1846:
1843:
1842:
1833:
1832:
1827:
1826:
1819:
1818:
1815:
1814:
1809:
1808:
1803:
1802:
1797:
1796:
1793:
1792:
1775:
1774:
1769:
1768:
1762:
1756:
1755:
1752:
1751:
1746:
1745:
1740:
1739:
1734:
1733:
1730:
1729:
1720:
1719:
1714:
1713:
1706:
1705:
1702:
1701:
1696:
1695:
1690:
1689:
1684:
1683:
1680:
1679:
1666:
1665:
1660:
1659:
1653:
1647:
1639:
1638:
1635:
1634:
1630:
1629:
1620:
1617:
1611:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1590:
1587:
1580:
1575:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1559:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1532:
1528:
1525:The ruins of
1523:
1514:
1512:
1508:
1499:
1497:
1490:
1486:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1468:
1466:
1459:
1455:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1432:
1427:
1423:
1421:
1417:
1412:
1411:episcopal see
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1363:
1358:
1354:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1330:
1324:
1322:
1316:
1314:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1287:
1285:
1279:
1274:
1265:
1262:
1258:
1257:Cenél nEógain
1254:
1245:
1243:
1236:
1232:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1213:County Antrim
1209:
1207:
1203:
1202:British Isles
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1154:
1152:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1134:
1128:
1125:
1124:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1102:
1093:
1088:
1084:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1065:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1044:
1035:
1032:
1028:
1022:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1000:
995:
991:
988:
984:
979:
975:
971:
967:
963:
961:
960:Magh Fitharta
955:
953:
947:
943:
941:
940:Magh Fitharta
935:
930:
928:
926:
920:
911:
906:
897:
895:
891:
887:
883:
879:
874:
872:
871:Meic Torcaill
868:
858:
854:
852:
848:
844:
843:
838:
830:
826:
825:Meic Somairle
822:
818:
814:
805:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
766:
762:
761:
756:
755:
750:
741:
737:
732:
728:
726:
722:
713:
711:
704:
700:
698:
694:
689:
685:
681:
677:
669:
667:
661:
657:
652:
643:
640:
636:
635:
630:
629:attacked Mann
626:
618:
616:
610:
609:
603:
599:
597:
593:
585:
583:
577:
576:
570:
566:
562:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
539:
534:
533:naval battles
530:
526:
522:
518:
508:
504:
500:
486:
472:
458:
456:
452:
443:
442:
437:
432:
428:
425:
421:
415:
413:
409:
405:
401:
396:
393:Although the
388:
384:
380:
375:
366:
364:
363:Meic Somairle
360:
356:
352:
344:
342:
336:
335:
329:
325:
323:
319:
318:
312:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
273:
264:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
241:
236:
232:
227:
225:
221:
217:
213:
208:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
177:
173:
170:
167:
163:
160:
157:
155:
151:
145:
142:
139:
137:
134:
132:
129:
128:
126:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
102:
98:
95:
90:
86:
82:
78:
73:
71:
65:
64:
57:
52:
49:
45:
40:
37:
33:
19:
16818:Middle Irish
16734:
16722:
16697:Darraðarljóð
16695:
16688:
16648:Old Scatness
16466:Caittil Find
16420:Isabel Bruce
16236:Óspakr-Hákon
16202:13th century
16162:
16146:12th century
16040:11th century
15997:10th century
15832:12th century
15805:Muirchertach
15795:Muirchertach
15748:11th century
15699:Sitric Cáech
15692:10th century
15563:
15547:
15527:
15496:
15474:
15466:
15439:
15401:
15374:
15365:
15361:
15338:
15329:
15325:
15306:
15287:
15268:
15256:
15252:
15215:
15196:
15173:
15164:0-56708731-X
15150:
15117:
15111:
15099:
15095:
15068:
15045:
15004:
14998:
14971:
14952:
14921:
14888:
14882:
14863:
14830:
14797:
14777:. Retrieved
14763:
14738:
14719:. Retrieved
14712:the original
14699:
14695:
14670:11 September
14668:. Retrieved
14654:
14634:
14610:
14601:
14597:
14558:
14529:
14508:
14490:B T Batsford
14485:
14452:
14433:
14414:
14397:
14391:
14351:
14347:
14330:
14326:
14309:
14305:
14296:
14277:
14265:. Retrieved
14260:the original
14243:
14223:
14180:
14176:
14153:
14134:
14115:
14096:
14066:
14042:. Retrieved
14028:
14005:
13999:
13980:
13976:
13953:
13949:
13909:
13905:
13870:
13835:
13804:
13785:
13766:
13747:
13728:
13687:
13683:
13664:
13638:
13619:
13596:
13561:
13533:
13505:
13491:
13467:
13426:
13422:
13412:Kermode, PMC
13382:(1): 18–64.
13379:
13375:
13349:
13314:
13291:
13253:(1): 27–36.
13250:
13246:
13227:
13204:. Retrieved
13190:
13162:
13146:
13126:
13097:. Retrieved
13092:
13062:
13053:
13024:(1): 21–35.
13021:
13015:
13006:
12983:
12964:
12933:
12913:. Retrieved
12899:
12873:. Retrieved
12859:
12833:. Retrieved
12819:
12794:
12761:
12755:
12721:
12679:
12673:
12644:
12625:
12598:
12591:Prestwich, M
12571:
12551:. Retrieved
12537:
12511:. Retrieved
12497:
12471:. Retrieved
12457:
12431:. Retrieved
12417:
12388:
12353:
12332:
12328:
12298:
12275:
12242:
12236:
12227:
12221:
12190:
12167:
12155:
12151:
12125:
12102:
12086:. Retrieved
12079:the original
12064:
12039:
12016:
11997:
11980:
11976:
11945:
11922:
11910:. Retrieved
11903:the original
11890:
11884:
11836:
11832:
11793:
11779:
11755:
11744:the original
11731:
11704:
11685:
11655:
11643:. Retrieved
11633:
11613:
11568:
11562:
11550:. Retrieved
11540:
11503:
11497:
11487:30 September
11485:. Retrieved
11478:the original
11463:
11423:
11419:
11386:
11380:
11361:
11338:. Retrieved
11324:
11299:
11279:
11247:
11220:
11188:
11165:
11146:
11135:
11131:Vigfusson, G
11113:
11097:. Retrieved
11092:
11077:. Retrieved
11072:
11057:. Retrieved
11052:
11037:. Retrieved
11032:
11016:
10986:
10973:
10947:
10943:Stevenson, J
10929:
10899:. Retrieved
10894:
10877:
10861:. Retrieved
10856:the original
10835:
10821:
10812:Manx Society
10806:
10784:
10762:
10743:
10710:
10684:
10669:
10635:
10619:
10597:
10574:
10551:
10525:. Retrieved
10520:
10491:. Retrieved
10486:
10457:. Retrieved
10452:
10423:. Retrieved
10418:
10389:. Retrieved
10384:
10355:. Retrieved
10350:
10333:
10303:. Retrieved
10299:the original
10294:
10265:. Retrieved
10258:
10232:
10211:
10196:
10176:
10164:. Retrieved
10159:
10144:. Retrieved
10133:
10120:
10116:Anderson, MO
10106:
10083:
10079:Anderson, AO
10053:. Retrieved
10049:the original
10044:
9997:
9985:
9974:Brown (2004)
9966:Woolf (2007)
9953:
9946:Woolf (2007)
9937:
9925:
9877:
9865:
9849:
9801:
9796:pp. 155–156.
9785:
9780:p. 249 § 12.
9775:
9767:Power (2005)
9763:Power (2013)
9758:
9751:Power (2005)
9743:Power (2013)
9734:
9727:Freke (2002)
9722:
9715:Freke (1990)
9710:
9703:Freke (1990)
9699:Freke (2002)
9690:
9683:Freke (2002)
9670:
9654:
9638:
9633:pp. 116–117.
9622:
9613:p. 34 tab.;
9611:Power (2005)
9606:
9596:
9590:p. 711 § 5;
9571:
9566:pp. 215–216.
9555:
9543:
9527:
9511:
9506:pp. 410–427.
9504:Skene (1890)
9479:
9447:
9423:
9416:Freke (1990)
9412:Freke (2002)
9407:
9395:
9383:
9359:
9347:
9342:pp. 228–229.
9328:Power (2005)
9311:
9306:pp. 117–118.
9295:
9283:
9271:
9266:pp. 117–118.
9260:Woolf (2003)
9255:
9244:Woolf (2003)
9239:
9227:
9220:Woolf (2003)
9215:
9205:
9173:
9166:Helle (2003)
9157:
9145:
9138:Helle (2003)
9133:
9123:
9111:Woolf (2003)
9103:Power (2005)
9094:
9083:Helle (2003)
9060:Power (2005)
9055:
9048:Power (2005)
9043:
9036:Power (2005)
9027:
9016:Power (2005)
9011:
8999:
8992:Helle (2003)
8983:
8976:Power (2005)
8971:
8960:Power (2005)
8951:
8940:Woolf (2003)
8931:
8919:
8914:pp. 428–429.
8907:
8895:
8890:pp. 425–428.
8883:
8878:pp. 425–426.
8867:
8862:pp. 171–172.
8860:Woolf (2003)
8855:
8831:
8819:
8799:
8792:Woolf (2003)
8787:
8782:p. 37 n. 37.
8780:Power (2005)
8771:
8759:
8749:
8733:Duffy (1993)
8716:
8688:
8676:
8666:
8659:
8646:
8636:
8624:Duffy (1993)
8611:
8601:
8576:
8564:
8557:Woolf (2001)
8544:
8534:
8525:
8513:
8506:Duffy (1991)
8497:
8485:
8473:
8466:Duffy (1991)
8462:Duffy (1993)
8458:Duffy (1995)
8431:Duffy (1995)
8426:
8419:Power (1986)
8411:Duffy (1993)
8407:Duffy (1995)
8394:
8384:
8375:
8368:Duffy (1993)
8351:
8344:Riley (1853)
8336:Duffy (1993)
8332:Duffy (1995)
8311:
8306:pp. 126–127.
8295:
8284:Duffy (1993)
8280:Duffy (1995)
8267:
8260:Duffy (1995)
8251:
8240:Duffy (1993)
8236:Duffy (1995)
8216:Veach (2014)
8211:
8204:Duffy (1996)
8191:
8184:Duffy (1993)
8180:Duffy (1995)
8167:
8143:
8136:Power (1986)
8112:Veach (2018)
8103:
8087:
8080:Duffy (1991)
8076:Duffy (1992)
8059:
8047:
8035:
8023:
8016:Simms (1998)
8003:
7991:
7984:Duffy (1992)
7980:Duffy (1993)
7972:Duffy (2007)
7967:
7932:
7917:Duffy (1991)
7913:Duffy (1992)
7909:Duffy (1993)
7897:Power (2005)
7885:Duffy (2007)
7877:Wyatt (2009)
7873:Wyatt (2018)
7854:Duffy (1992)
7845:
7829:
7822:Duffy (1992)
7814:Duffy (2007)
7809:
7794:Duffy (1992)
7787:
7783:Duffy (2007)
7772:
7767:
7760:Duffy (1992)
7756:Duffy (2007)
7751:
7744:Duffy (1992)
7739:
7732:Duffy (1992)
7728:Duffy (1998)
7719:
7707:
7702:p. 157 n. 1.
7695:
7680:Duffy (1992)
7678:pp. 46, 60;
7676:Duffy (1993)
7672:Duffy (1998)
7660:Duffy (2007)
7647:
7635:
7630:pp. 131–132.
7628:Duffy (1992)
7624:Duffy (1998)
7619:
7612:Duffy (1998)
7603:
7596:Duffy (1992)
7592:Duffy (1998)
7579:
7563:
7556:Duffy (2007)
7551:
7535:
7524:Duffy (2007)
7515:
7508:Simms (1998)
7499:
7483:
7478:pp. 121–122.
7476:Duffy (1992)
7472:Duffy (1993)
7470:pp. 67, 76;
7459:
7454:pp. 171–172.
7432:
7401:
7394:Duffy (1993)
7386:Duffy (2007)
7381:
7374:Duffy (1993)
7370:Duffy (1999)
7358:Duffy (2007)
7353:
7337:
7321:
7309:
7302:Duffy (2007)
7293:
7288:p. 16 n. 76.
7281:
7274:Duffy (1992)
7265:
7245:p. 297 n. 1.
7210:
7187:Power (1986)
7179:Duffy (1992)
7175:Duffy (1993)
7151:Duffy (2007)
7122:
7110:
7103:Duffy (1992)
7099:Duffy (1993)
7095:Duffy (2007)
7090:
7083:Duffy (1993)
7076:
7069:
7064:
7057:Duffy (1992)
7053:Duffy (1993)
7045:Duffy (2007)
7038:
7031:
7026:
7019:Duffy (1992)
7015:Duffy (1993)
7010:
7003:Duffy (1992)
6999:Duffy (1993)
6991:Duffy (2007)
6984:
6977:
6972:
6965:Duffy (1993)
6958:
6951:
6946:
6939:Duffy (1992)
6930:
6921:p. 230–231;
6915:Duffy (1991)
6911:Duffy (1992)
6907:Duffy (1993)
6895:Duffy (2007)
6870:pp. 126–128.
6868:Duffy (1992)
6864:Duffy (1993)
6856:Duffy (2007)
6841:Duffy (1993)
6832:
6806:Duffy (1992)
6804:pp. 45, 61;
6802:Duffy (1993)
6797:
6785:
6778:Duffy (1993)
6756:
6744:
6729:Duffy (1993)
6719:pp. 46, 48;
6712:
6702:
6693:
6683:
6674:
6654:
6644:
6635:
6625:
6614:
6601:
6591:
6584:
6571:
6559:
6543:
6524:Duffy (1993)
6516:Coira (2012)
6507:
6491:
6471:
6455:
6423:
6402:pp. 46, 48;
6395:
6383:
6378:p. 196 n. 5.
6371:
6366:pp. 253–254.
6356:Duffy (1999)
6345:
6334:
6329:
6318:Duffy (1993)
6306:Duffy (1999)
6277:
6266:Power (2005)
6264:p. 70, 201;
6254:Power (2013)
6231:Power (2005)
6227:Power (2013)
6210:p. 250 § 12.
6205:
6171:
6159:Power (2005)
6150:
6135:Power (2005)
6126:
6114:
6103:Ghosh (2011)
6098:
6091:Ghosh (2011)
6086:
6074:
6050:Flateyjarbok
6049:
6029:Storm (1977)
6024:
6017:Laing (1844)
6013:Unger (1868)
6009:Storm (1899)
5981:Power (2005)
5923:
5916:Storm (1899)
5911:
5900:Woolf (2013)
5895:
5888:Woolf (2013)
5883:
5852:Woolf (2013)
5839:
5823:
5818:pp. 118–122.
5811:
5787:
5775:
5765:
5756:
5751:pp. 121–122.
5721:
5711:
5704:
5697:
5687:p. 12 n. 5;
5673:Power (2005)
5648:
5632:
5607:
5562:
5552:
5545:
5538:
5533:
5517:
5501:
5489:
5469:pp. 159–161.
5462:
5435:Duffy (1993)
5423:Woolf (2004)
5413:pp. 57, 64;
5398:
5386:
5381:p. 56 n. 48.
5374:
5362:
5353:p. 20 § 13;
5335:Scott (1988)
5327:Duffy (1993)
5325:pp. 52, 56;
5315:Woolf (2004)
5301:pp. 57, 64;
5285:pp. 32, 74;
5278:
5268:
5259:
5231:
5222:p. 20 § 13;
5208:Scott (1988)
5200:Duffy (1993)
5190:pp. 74, 76;
5180:Woolf (2004)
5172:Woolf (2007)
5160:Woolf (2013)
5143:
5131:
5121:
5112:
5096:
5072:
5060:
5048:
5033:Duffy (2007)
5016:
5011:pp. 124–125.
5009:Duffy (1992)
5005:Simms (2000)
4989:Duffy (2007)
4966:
4959:
4950:
4945:pp. 124–125.
4943:Duffy (1992)
4939:Duffy (1993)
4907:Duffy (2007)
4890:
4867:Duffy (2007)
4862:
4850:
4840:
4823:
4795:
4771:
4755:
4735:
4715:
4660:
4648:
4636:
4620:
4613:Duffy (1992)
4609:Duffy (1993)
4601:Duffy (2007)
4592:
4580:
4561:Duffy (1993)
4545:Duffy (2006)
4543:pp. 67, 85;
4471:Duffy (1993)
4458:
4446:
4434:
4418:
4399:Duffy (1991)
4395:Duffy (1993)
4383:Duffy (2006)
4373:pp. 65, 74;
4366:
4346:
4334:
4329:pp. 228–229.
4325:p. 115 § 6;
4302:
4275:Power (2005)
4249:ch. 4 ¶ 18;
4247:Rubin (2014)
4242:
4222:
4206:
4190:
4178:
4150:
4134:
4122:
4106:
4094:
4082:
4046:
4035:Brown (2004)
4031:Woolf (2005)
4014:
4002:
3992:
3983:
3971:
3955:
3939:
3927:
3915:
3910:pp. 228–229.
3906:p. 115 § 6;
3898:pp. 72, 79;
3868:
3836:
3793:
3770:Brown (2004)
3768:p. 34 tab.;
3766:Power (2005)
3745:
3733:
3717:
3698:Woolf (2007)
3686:Duffy (2007)
3662:Veach (2014)
3658:Rubin (2014)
3645:
3633:
3622:Duffy (2007)
3617:
3610:Duffy (1992)
3606:Duffy (1993)
3602:Woolf (2005)
3598:Veach (2014)
3589:
3582:Duffy (1995)
3577:
3565:
3546:Woolf (2003)
3513:
3501:
3485:
3462:Power (2005)
3454:Duffy (2006)
3450:Woolf (2007)
3438:Duffy (2007)
3398:Veach (2014)
3394:Rubin (2014)
3382:Veach (2018)
3377:
3365:
3353:
3337:
3295:
3283:
3267:
3256:Duffy (2007)
3251:
3244:Duffy (1991)
3240:Duffy (1992)
3236:Duffy (1993)
3232:Duffy (1995)
3224:Duffy (1999)
3220:Woolf (2001)
3212:Woolf (2004)
3208:Woolf (2005)
3200:Veach (2014)
3191:
3169:Rubin (2014)
3164:
3153:Power (1986)
3145:Freke (1990)
3113:Freke (2002)
3101:Woolf (2003)
3012:
3005:Coira (2012)
2978:Brown (2004)
2962:Coira (2012)
2957:
2947:
2938:
2916:
2899:
2889:
2860:
2838:
2822:
2814:
2809:
2788:
2771:
2763:
2757:
2752:
2744:
2739:
2727:
2719:
2710:
2693:
2680:
2672:
2667:
2657:
2640:
2630:
2617:
2600:
2590:
2585:
2571:
2561:
2549:
2545:
2533:
2524:
2516:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2484:
2480:
2476:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2452:
2448:
2444:
2440:
2436:
2432:
2428:
2424:
2420:
2416:
2412:
2408:
2404:
2400:
2396:
2392:
2388:
2383:
1612:
1592:
1585:
1582:
1578:
1563:
1555:
1546:
1543:Óláfr svarti
1538:
1536:
1506:
1503:
1493:
1479:Peterborough
1472:
1462:
1440:metropolitan
1436:
1414:dioceses of
1367:
1338:
1326:
1318:
1310:
1291:
1281:
1249:
1239:
1210:
1185:
1183:
1141:
1132:
1129:
1121:
1117:
1099:
1097:
1061:
1027:Mac Scelling
1023:
1018:
1014:
1007:papal legate
1004:
982:
969:
966:Boyne Valley
957:
949:
937:
933:
931:
922:
918:
915:
875:
863:
846:
840:
834:
773:
760:Heimskringla
758:
752:
745:
720:
717:
707:
673:
663:
632:
622:
612:
606:
591:
589:
579:
574:
536:
514:
451:Vita Ailredi
450:
447:
439:
424:Gallovidians
416:
411:
403:
394:
392:
369:Early career
348:
338:
332:
315:
313:
278:
261:Óláfr svarti
228:
209:
184:
183:
144:Óláfr svarti
67:
61:
47:
36:
17024:1187 deaths
16935:Vestrajǫrðr
16910:Isle of Man
16586:Archaeology
16486:Olvir Rosta
15966:9th century
15605:9th century
14891:(1): 1–28.
14731:Sellar, WDH
14721:18 December
13956:: 161–173.
13661:Cosgrove, A
13372:Johnsen, AO
12835:27 November
12682:: 192–220.
12663:Duncan, AAM
12595:Britnell, R
11912:23 December
11682:Boardman, S
11645:22 February
11552:25 February
11506:: 419–434.
11426:(1): 1–20.
11358:Barrow, GWS
11271:Bartlett, R
10002:Oram (2000)
9976:pp. 76–78;
9968:pp. 80–81;
9962:Oram (2013)
9942:Oram (2013)
9930:Oram (2013)
9902:Oram (2000)
9886:Oram (2011)
9870:Oram (2011)
9834:Oram (2000)
9814:Oram (2011)
9594:pp. 17–18;
9548:Oram (1988)
9494:pp. 72–73;
9376:Watt (1994)
9370:pp. 31–32;
9318:pp. 70–72;
9304:Watt (1994)
9302:pp. 70–71;
9264:Watt (1994)
9248:Watt (1994)
9232:Watt (1994)
9128:vol. 8 § 1.
9117:pp. 11–12;
9115:Watt (2000)
8936:Watt (2003)
8842:p. 1 n. 3;
8824:Lowe (1988)
8806:p. 1 n. 3;
8727:pp. 32–33;
8599:pp. 13–14;
8464:pp. 58–59;
8460:pp. 25–26;
8409:pp. 25–26;
8403:Oram (2000)
8364:Oram (2000)
8356:Oram (2011)
8328:Oram (2000)
8218:pp. 56–57;
8132:Oram (2000)
7962:ch. 6 ¶ 88.
7594:pp. 78–79;
7492:Oram (2000)
7474:pp. 40–41;
7468:Oram (2000)
7425:Oram (2000)
7421:Oram (2011)
7392:pp. 55–56;
7366:Oram (2000)
7342:Oram (2000)
7330:Oram (2000)
7326:Oram (2011)
7314:Oram (2000)
7201:pp. 76–77;
7167:Watt (2000)
7163:Oram (2000)
7141:pp. 32–33;
7101:pp. 44–45;
7049:Oram (2000)
7043:§ 1162.11;
7036:§ 1162.11;
6995:Oram (2000)
6935:Oram (2000)
6909:pp. 43–45;
6905:pp. 74–75;
6903:Oram (2000)
6862:pp. 74–75;
6860:Oram (2000)
6825:Oram (2000)
6792:p. 178 tab.
6596:p. 305 fig.
6498:pp. 70–71;
6482:pp. 70–71;
6428:Oram (2011)
6404:Oram (2011)
6388:Oram (2011)
6352:Oram (2000)
6341:Oram (2011)
6312:pp. 61–62;
6286:Oram (2011)
5993:Oram (2000)
5936:Oram (2000)
5928:Oram (2011)
5872:Oram (2000)
5856:Oram (2011)
5832:Oram (2000)
5828:Oram (2011)
5816:Oram (2011)
5796:Oram (2000)
5792:Oram (2011)
5780:Oram (2000)
5763:pp. 60–61;
5749:Oram (2011)
5683:pp. 11–12;
5677:Oram (2000)
5657:Oram (2011)
5641:Oram (2000)
5637:Oram (2011)
5625:Oram (2000)
5599:Bain (1881)
5583:Oram (2000)
5571:Oram (2011)
5522:Oram (2000)
5494:Oram (2011)
5427:Oram (2000)
5407:Oram (2011)
5367:Oram (2000)
5341:pp. 86–87;
5319:Oram (2000)
5295:Oram (2011)
5202:pp. 40–41;
5188:Oram (2000)
5164:Oram (2011)
5136:Oram (2011)
5025:Oram (2011)
5023:pp. 30–31;
5001:Oram (2000)
4973:Oram (2011)
4971:§ 1154.11;
4964:§ 1154.11;
4941:pp. 42–43;
4935:Oram (2000)
4933:pp. 41–42;
4899:Oram (2011)
4897:pp. 29–31;
4838:pp. 13–14;
4806:pp. 59–60;
4746:pp. 54–55;
4742:pp. 58–60;
4702:pp. 58–59;
4653:Oram (2011)
4641:Oram (2011)
4625:Oram (1988)
4565:Oram (1988)
4557:Gade (1994)
4551:pp. 69–70;
4549:Oram (2000)
4529:Oram (2011)
4498:Oram (1988)
4475:Oram (1988)
4405:pp. 80–81;
4403:Oram (1988)
4351:Oram (2011)
4339:Oram (2011)
4309:pp. 70–72;
4287:Oram (2000)
4259:Oram (2011)
4235:Oram (2000)
4227:Oram (2011)
4215:Oram (2011)
4199:Oram (2000)
4195:Oram (2011)
4183:Oram (2000)
4163:Oram (2000)
4159:Oram (2011)
4007:Oram (2011)
3976:Oram (1988)
3964:Oram (1988)
3960:Oram (1993)
3948:Oram (1988)
3944:Oram (1993)
3932:Oram (1988)
3920:Oram (2011)
3896:Oram (1988)
3892:Oram (1993)
3888:Oram (2000)
3873:Oram (1988)
3847:pp. 31–32;
3802:Oram (2011)
3754:Oram (2011)
3722:Oram (2011)
3706:Gade (1994)
3670:Oram (2013)
3570:Oram (2000)
3558:Oram (2000)
3478:Gade (1994)
3418:Oram (2011)
3410:Oram (2013)
3149:Oram (1988)
3137:Oram (1993)
3133:Watt (1994)
3125:Watt (2000)
3121:Oram (2000)
2905:Peel Castle
2393:Godhfhraidh
2297:(died 1083)
2264:(died 1135)
2237:(died 1087)
2091:(died 1161)
1763:(died 1153)
1654:(died 1095)
1527:Peel Castle
1395:archdiocese
1335:Benedictine
1221:Downpatrick
1217:County Down
1198:Plantagenet
946:place names
697:Kelso Abbey
660:Kelso Abbey
608:Eirspennill
575:Liber vitae
499:Maughold IV
17018:Categories
16988:MacDougall
16983:Mac Coitir
16885:Brunanburh
16780:Lunnasting
15765:Echmarcach
15755:Echmarcach
15665:Glúniarann
15533:1164–1187
15332:: 199–213.
15242:Wilson, DM
15206:10023/7088
14944:2016009450
14825:Foster, RF
14791:required.)
14682:required.)
14488:. London:
14167:10023/2638
14093:O'Byrne, E
14056:required.)
13657:Martin, FX
13588:2019017096
13224:Hudson, BT
13218:required.)
13099:1 November
12959:Forte, A;
12927:required.)
12887:required.)
12847:required.)
12565:required.)
12525:required.)
12485:required.)
12445:required.)
12391:. Dublin:
12301:. London:
12289:2262/77137
12245:: 93–133.
12164:Davies, RR
12088:22 January
11983:: 97–158.
11769:0748612386
11352:required.)
11169:. London:
10996:10802/5009
10883:H. G. Bohn
10831:Powicke, M
10725:10802/5008
10706:Jónsson, F
10688:. London:
10611:Haddan, AW
10527:1 November
10493:1 November
10459:1 November
10425:1 November
10391:1 November
10329:Dimock, JF
10229:Clancy, TO
10089:David Nutt
10087:. London:
10055:23 January
10028:References
9920:pp. 78–79.
9860:pp. 68–69.
9844:pp. 78–79.
9665:pp. 66–67.
9649:pp. 84–85.
9474:pp. 76–79.
9442:pp. 78–81.
9062:pp. 21–22.
8711:pp. 76–77.
8508:pp. 67–68.
8468:pp. 67–68.
8433:pp. 25–26.
8370:pp. 72–73.
7947:pp. 76–77.
7614:pp. 78–79.
7408:pp. 55–56.
7348:pp. 55–56.
7332:pp. 74–76.
7316:pp. 74–75.
7081:§ 1162.5;
7074:§ 1162.5;
6989:§ 1162.4;
6982:§ 1162.4;
6925:pp. 66–69.
6751:pp. 85–86.
6739:pp. 76–79.
6538:pp. 68–69.
6450:pp. 74–75.
6418:pp. 74–75.
6350:§ 1164.4;
6339:§ 1164.4;
5782:pp. 79–80.
5643:pp. 76–77.
5457:pp. 68–69.
5357:pp. 68–69.
5254:pp. 68–69.
5226:pp. 68–69.
4631:pp. 45–46.
4575:pp. 64–67.
4485:pp. 64–65.
4413:pp. 62–65.
4297:pp. 62–63.
4173:pp. 60–61.
4077:pp. 60–61.
4009:pp. 86–89.
3863:pp. 60–61.
2817:Sodorensis
2722:Norðreyjar
1605:. Certain
1572:sister-son
1313:Escheddala
1299:Cistercian
1178:great hall
882:Uí Catháin
802:coronation
684:Gloucester
676:Pipe rolls
267:Background
83:1150s–1160
17003:MacDonald
16973:Somhairle
16847:Etymology
16828:Old Norse
16790:Sandsting
16730:Ounceland
16623:Earl's Bu
16613:Camas Uig
16532:Dál Riata
16471:Ingimundr
16127:Ingimundr
16010:Gebeachan
15729:Glúniairn
15393:1569-1462
15253:Saga-Book
15234:1569-1462
15142:0020-157X
15134:1745-5219
15108:Watt, DER
15029:0038-7134
15021:2040-8072
14990:0261-9865
14913:0043-2431
14905:0083-792X
14855:22502124M
14816:1569-1462
14735:Cowan, EJ
14708:0141-1292
14702:: 35–44.
14583:0332-1592
14575:2034-6506
14477:0332-1592
14469:2034-6506
14443:10023/741
14406:0305-9219
14393:Saga-Book
14368:0036-9241
14360:1750-0222
14339:1353-0089
14318:1353-0089
14215:0036-9241
14206:1893/6623
14197:1750-0222
14014:1353-0089
14008:: 25–48.
13926:0036-9241
13918:1750-0222
13897:204624404
13862:0583-9106
13712:0036-9241
13704:1750-0222
13648:1842/8973
13629:1842/7273
13610:1842/7273
13580:2352-0299
13546:cite book
13524:1569-1462
13459:223924724
13451:0081-1564
13443:2056-743X
13429:: 50–62.
13396:0036-9241
13388:1750-0222
13283:159643490
13275:0078-172X
13267:1745-8706
13081:1569-1462
13030:0012-6861
12952:0261-9865
12778:0044-8745
12764:: 55–70.
12712:189977430
12704:0081-1564
12696:2056-743X
12617:0269-6967
12385:Smyth, AP
12376:0954-9927
12341:1393-0966
12259:0332-0758
12251:2009-0056
12213:2051-6509
12049:24831804M
12035:Cubbon, W
11989:1540-4889
11964:1569-1462
11899:2054-9385
11893:: 19–51.
11869:154568763
11861:0076-6097
11853:1745-817X
11824:0583-9106
11798:Routledge
11740:1478-1409
11674:1569-1462
11593:0013-8266
11585:1477-4534
11528:0332-1592
11520:2034-6506
11448:0144-0365
11440:1744-0564
11411:0036-9241
11403:1750-0222
11239:1569-1462
11211:1569-1462
11161:Hoare, RC
11123:18762756M
11109:Unger, CR
10961:13505351M
10925:Skene, WF
10873:Riley, HT
10798:Munch, PA
10753:18620939M
10734:25104622M
10698:19528190M
10660:25845717M
10615:Stubbs, W
10584:23388689M
10221:23221596M
8874:pp. 4–5;
8838:pp. 4–5;
8739:pp. 5–6;
8667:Gilchrist
7816:pp. 5–6;
7360:pp. 2–3;
6993:pp. 3–4;
6858:pp. 3–4;
5902:pp. 5–6;
5269:AM 47 Fol
5162:pp. 3–4;
2931:Citations
2882:Greenland
2880:, one in
2872:, one in
2866:Trondheim
2825:Suðreyjar
2730:Suðreyjar
2457:patronyms
2453:Guthfrith
2405:Gofhraidh
1551:concubine
1496:Ragnaldus
1225:Rǫgnvaldr
1166:Mannequin
1073:Waterford
952:Cortcelis
925:Cortcelis
851:Rǫgnvaldr
738:, at the
680:Worcester
656:facsimile
529:Inishowen
359:Ragnhildr
257:Rǫgnvaldr
136:Rǫgnvaldr
70:Gottredum
16998:Macruari
16968:Uí Ímair
16905:Epiphany
16890:Clontarf
16864:Hebrides
16810:Language
16795:Tingwall
16770:Dingwall
16757:Althings
16747:Udal law
16708:Hogbacks
16643:Maeshowe
16628:Jarlshof
16572:Scotland
16557:Shetland
16542:Lochlann
16476:Ljótólfr
16359:Uí Ímair
16168:Somerled
15800:Donnchad
15265:Woolf, A
15244:(1973).
15102:: 11–44.
15037:27866810
15000:Speculum
14613:(EPUB).
14550:3544460M
14400:: 5–66.
14376:25530199
14333:: 1–30.
14312:: 1–52.
13983:: 1–19.
13934:25530531
13720:25530679
13414:(1916).
13404:25528786
13346:Lynch, M
13317:. Cham:
13226:(2005).
13183:(2004).
13159:Helle, K
13125:(2000).
13109:cite web
13038:24616064
12961:Oram, RD
12786:25487421
12267:30007421
12230:: 55–86.
12166:(1990).
12107:ABC-CLIO
12099:Koch, JT
12037:(1952).
11977:E-Keltoi
11754:(2004).
11752:Brown, M
11684:(2006).
11610:Imsen, S
11601:40270527
11547:H-Albion
11360:(1980).
11255:. 1982.
10983:Storm, G
10969:Storm, G
10927:(1890).
10911:cite web
10776:7217114M
10537:cite web
10503:cite web
10469:cite web
10435:cite web
10401:cite web
10367:cite web
10315:cite web
10277:cite web
10097:7115802M
10065:cite web
9912:p. 260;
9836:p. 105;
9792:p. 343;
9773:p. 101;
9749:p. 156;
9741:p. 101;
9701:p. 442;
9697:p. 105;
9578:p. 338;
9562:p. 342;
9490:p. 134;
9458:p. 146;
9414:p. 442;
9334:p. 245;
9326:p. 135;
9262:p. 175;
9203:p. 114;
9164:p. 163;
9113:p. 174;
9109:p. 257;
9085:p. 377;
9081:p. 257;
9077:p. 167;
9034:p. 203;
8990:p. 163;
8942:p. 177;
8707:p. 218;
8695:p. 343;
8583:p. 107;
8504:p. 127;
8456:p. 127;
8405:p. 105;
8401:p. 338;
8366:p. 105;
8330:p. 105;
8302:p. 137;
8274:p. 137;
8258:p. 126;
8226:p. 126;
8222:p. 136;
8178:p. 126;
8134:p. 105;
8122:p. 125;
8118:p. 136;
8114:p. 167;
8094:p. 136;
8078:p. 133;
7978:p. 469;
7939:p. 146;
7879:p. 391;
7875:p. 797;
7852:p. 469;
7836:p. 160;
7820:p. 287;
7796:p. 132;
7682:p. 132;
7670:p. 285;
7658:p. 135;
7558:pp. 4–5.
7522:p. 134;
7423:p. 128;
7372:p. 356;
7300:p. 172;
7272:p. 146;
7241:p. 103;
7233:p. 135;
7221:p. 195;
7189:p. 130;
7185:p. 103;
7133:p. 342;
6893:p. 134;
6735:p. 305;
6727:p. 150;
6700:p. 440;
6661:p. 155;
6612:p. 440;
6534:p. 232;
6530:p. 197;
6442:p. 150;
6362:p. 197;
6358:p. 356;
6343:p. 128;
6316:p. 150;
6308:p. 356;
6304:p. 189;
6288:p. 128;
6284:p. 121;
6248:p. 343;
6225:p. 156;
6191:p. 156;
6165:p. 246;
6157:p. 156;
6141:p. 246;
6133:p. 156;
6105:p. 206;
6047:p. 360;
6043:p. 246;
5987:p. 182;
5979:p. 245;
5975:p. 113;
5963:p. 162;
5930:p. 121;
5870:p. 245;
5866:p. 113;
5846:p. 135;
5671:p. 113;
5659:p. 121;
5655:p. 250;
5639:p. 121;
5581:p. 113;
5569:p. 341;
5453:p. 239;
5449:p. 196;
5425:p. 104;
5421:p. 244;
5409:p. 121;
5345:p. 196;
5317:p. 104;
5313:p. 244;
5297:p. 120;
5289:p. 354;
5250:p. 231;
5246:p. 196;
5218:p. 231;
5214:p. 196;
5182:p. 104;
5166:p. 120;
5158:p. 172;
5031:p. 134;
4983:p. 134;
4905:p. 134;
4830:p. 204;
4814:p. 131;
4786:p. 131;
4762:p. 343;
4726:p. 151;
4722:p. 337;
4698:p. 151;
4571:p. 226;
4559:p. 199;
4555:p. 259;
4535:p. 182;
4531:p. 113;
4527:p. 162;
4523:p. 171;
4409:p. 225;
4393:p. 259;
4389:p. 191;
4353:p. 113;
4321:p. 245;
4313:p. 198;
4293:p. 225;
4273:p. 198;
4269:p. 165;
4261:p. 113;
4257:p. 162;
4253:p. 172;
4229:p. 113;
4197:p. 113;
4169:p. 137;
4161:p. 113;
4073:p. 137;
4069:p. 197;
4029:p. 145;
4025:p. 102;
3962:p. 116;
3946:p. 116;
3902:p. 245;
3894:p. 116;
3859:p. 137;
3851:p. 157;
3843:p. 342;
2945:p. 265;
2798:chasuble
2566:fifties.
2546:Chronica
2534:Chronica
2413:Gofraidh
1623:Ancestry
1616:kingship
1568:Reginald
1507:Chronica
1465:Gamaliel
1433:, c.1300
1374:imperium
1261:Uí Néill
1242:Phingola
1110:Hebrides
1017:and the
974:Leinster
886:Uí Néill
786:Eysteinn
742:in 1161.
693:Normandy
543:Galloway
412:Chronica
235:Scotland
191:and the
16993:MacLeod
16925:Skyhill
16920:Renfrew
16833:Pictish
16800:Tynwald
16785:Nesting
16765:Delting
16684:Birlinn
16593:Bornish
16520:History
15973:Gofraid
15957:of the
15885:Ragnall
15557:career.
15368:: 1–11.
15259:: 1–18.
14827:(ed.).
14559:Peritia
14453:Peritia
14267:15 June
13663:(ed.).
13348:(ed.).
12387:(ed.).
12352:(ed.).
12335:: 5–7.
12101:(ed.).
11709:Birlinn
11612:(ed.).
11499:Peritia
11340:19 July
11277:(ed.).
11099:12 July
11079:12 July
11059:21 July
11039:21 July
10901:27 July
10863:15 June
10802:Goss, A
10792:. 1846.
10357:14 July
10305:30 July
10267:30 July
10166:15 July
10146:15 July
10142:. 2013a
10004:, p. 69
9960:p. 87;
9908:p. 85;
9872:p. 156.
9856:p. 66;
9812:p. 87;
9769:p. 28;
9765:p. 65;
9745:p. 65;
9729:p. 441.
9717:p. 118.
9705:p. 113.
9685:p. 442.
9677:p. 70;
9661:p. 68;
9550:p. 100.
9534:p. 77;
9518:p. 77;
9486:p. 78;
9454:p. 60;
9430:p. 77;
9418:p. 113.
9366:p. 93;
9290:p. 207.
9278:p. 431.
9250:p. 117.
9234:p. 117.
9222:p. 174.
9188:p. 823.
9168:p. 377.
9152:p. 432.
9140:p. 377.
9105:p. 25;
9089:p. 135.
9018:p. 25;
8994:p. 376.
8962:p. 23;
8902:p. 428.
8735:p. 57;
8723:p. 82;
8703:p. 68;
8683:p. 196.
8626:p. 57;
8618:p. 91;
8520:p. 145.
8492:p. 135.
8421:p. 130.
8417:p. 52;
8413:p. 58;
8382:p. 76;
8362:p. 18;
8346:p. 404.
8342:p. 25;
8338:p. 73;
8334:p. 24;
8326:p. 18;
8286:p. 58;
8282:p. 25;
8174:p. 60;
8138:p. 130.
8098:p. 125.
8070:p. 52;
8010:p. 96;
7998:p. 157.
7986:p. 133.
7982:p. 47;
7919:p. 60;
7907:p. 94;
7899:p. 37;
7895:p. 15;
7856:p. 132.
7824:p. 132.
7762:p. 132.
7730:p. 79;
7726:p. 96;
7714:p. 152.
7674:p. 79;
7666:p. 96;
7626:p. 79;
7598:p. 131.
7506:p. 27;
7368:p. 75;
7344:p. 75;
7229:p. 71;
7225:p. 52;
7217:p. 60;
7205:p. 247.
7193:p. 59;
7177:p. 58;
7169:p. 24;
7157:p. 52;
7129:p. 64;
7105:p. 128.
7059:p. 128.
7055:p. 44;
7051:p. 75;
7041:(2013b)
7034:(2013a)
7021:p. 128.
7017:p. 44;
7005:p. 128.
7001:p. 44;
6997:p. 75;
6961:(2013b)
6954:(2013a)
6941:p. 126.
6937:p. 75;
6917:p. 67;
6901:p. 52;
6866:p. 44;
6827:p. 105.
6669:p. 439.
6665:p. 70;
6630:p. 306.
6623:p. 61;
6608:p. 70;
6566:p. 197.
6554:p. 197.
6550:p. 60;
6526:p. 43;
6522:p. 60;
6486:p. 150.
6462:p. 85;
6434:p. 57;
6390:p. 128.
6354:p. 76;
6324:p. 197.
6320:p. 31;
6292:p. 57;
6268:p. 28;
6256:p. 66;
6252:p. 91;
6229:p. 66;
6195:p. 89;
6161:p. 28;
6145:p. 101.
6137:p. 28;
6109:p. 112.
6093:p. 206.
6081:p. 202.
6069:p. 112.
6054:p. 516.
6035:p. 22;
5995:p. 77;
5983:p. 24;
5942:p. 111.
5938:p. 77;
5918:p. 629.
5906:p. 245.
5874:p. 81;
5806:p. 245.
5798:p. 80;
5736:p. 113.
5691:p. 22;
5679:p. 77;
5675:p. 24;
5667:p. 57;
5589:p. 22;
5585:p. 76;
5577:p. 12;
5573:p. 12;
5524:p. 76;
5512:p. 196.
5508:p. 57;
5496:p. 121.
5437:p. 43;
5433:p. 56;
5429:p. 76;
5337:p. 40;
5329:p. 43;
5321:p. 76;
5305:p. 92;
5238:p. 58;
5210:p. 40;
5186:p. 85;
5174:p. 80;
5154:p. 32;
5150:p. 47;
5103:p. 23;
5079:p. 34;
5043:p. 118.
5039:p. 71;
5007:p. 12;
5003:p. 73;
4999:p. 14;
4995:p. 71;
4979:p. 34;
4969:(2013b)
4962:(2013a)
4937:p. 73;
4913:p. 71;
4881:p. 14;
4857:p. 344.
4790:p. 127.
4766:p. 204.
4667:p. 59;
4655:p. 113.
4615:p. 126.
4611:p. 42;
4607:p. 95;
4599:p. 51;
4567:p. 81;
4563:p. 42;
4547:p. 65;
4539:p. 66;
4519:p. 74;
4515:p. 65;
4477:p. 81;
4473:p. 42;
4469:p. 95;
4465:p. 36;
4441:p. 423.
4425:p. 74;
4401:p. 60;
4385:p. 65;
4377:p. 85;
4357:p. 67;
4341:p. 108.
4317:p. 20;
4289:p. 73;
4277:p. 22;
4217:p. 113.
4165:p. 73;
4157:p. 85;
4145:p. 178.
4101:p. 198.
4065:p. 60;
4057:p. 32;
4037:p. 70;
3990:p. 62;
3890:p. 60;
2922:Ragnall
2870:Iceland
2794:crozier
2578:Haraldr
2542:Matilda
2513:epithet
2449:Guðrøðr
2445:Gudrødr
2437:Guðröðr
2433:Guðrǫðr
2425:Guthred
2421:Gottred
2417:Gothred
2409:Gofraid
2401:Goðrøðr
2389:Godfrey
1329:Euastad
1206:Affrica
1170:Affrica
956:" and "
827:or the
782:Sigurðr
688:Gwynedd
596:Dubgall
573:Durham
569:Dubgall
551:Kintyre
491:Image b
477:Image a
297:Lǫgmaðr
249:Affrica
231:England
131:Affrica
16895:Dollar
16598:Birsay
16577:Norway
16547:Orkney
16385:Bjaðǫk
16327:Rulers
15955:Rulers
15906:Ascall
15896:Brodar
15632:Albann
15627:Auisle
15612:Amlaíb
15473:
15416:
15391:
15381:
15345:
15313:
15294:
15275:
15232:
15222:
15184:
15161:
15140:
15132:
15083:
15056:
15035:
15027:
15019:
14988:
14978:
14959:
14942:
14932:
14911:
14903:
14870:
14853:
14843:
14839:–103.
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