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is short based and is held up by three spines and 11 or 12 branched soft rays. It has large and robust teeth in the jaws with four to six large, pointed canine-like teeth in the front the jaws with 2 to 4 rows of blunt, round teeth laterally. It has a blue-grey back, the sides are silvery with a
506:
Gilthead seabream is an esteemed food fish, but catches of wild fish have been relatively modest, between 6,100 and 9,600 metric tons (6,000 and 9,400 long tons; 6,700 and 10,600 short tons) in 2000–2009, primarily from the
Mediterranean. In addition, gilthead seabream have traditionally been
450:
beds at depths between 1 and 150 m (3 ft 3 in and 492 ft 2 in), with adults in deeper waters than juveniles, the young fish typically going no deeper than 30 m (98 ft). It is a euryhaline species that will enter brackish waters.
497:
496:
493:
515:. Reported production was negligible until the late 1980s, but reached 140,000 metric tons (140,000 long tons; 150,000 short tons) in 2010, thus dwarfing the capture fisheries production. Turkey is the biggest seabream producer in the world, followed by Greece.
498:
404:
The gilt-head bream has a deep body, with a large, deep head which has its relatively small eyes placed high on the head. The diameter of the eyes is shorter than the length of the snout. The cheeks are deep and covered in scales but the
495:
539:
The gilt-head bream is considered to be the most esteemed seabream for eating, especially in
Southern Europe where the mild and sweet flavour of the flesh, which breaks into small flakes, is popular.
998:
1096:
Palenzuela, Oswaldo; Redondo, María José; Cali, Ann; Takvorian, Peter M.; Alonso-Naveiro, María; Alvarez-Pellitero, Pilar; Sitjà-Bobadilla, Ariadna (2014). "A new intranuclear microsporidium,
1135:
880:
Pauletto, Marianna; Manousaki, Tereza; Ferraresso, Serena; Babbucci, Massimiliano; Tsakogiannis, Alexandros; Louro, Bruno; Vitulo, Nicola; Quoc, Viet Ha; Carraro, Roberta (2018-08-17).
483:
The genome of the species was released in 2018, where the authors detected fast evolution of ovary-biased genes likely resulting from the peculiar reproduction mode of the species.
507:
cultured extensively in coastal lagoons and saltwater ponds. However, intensive rearing systems were developed during the 1980s, and gilthead seabream has become an important
494:
311:, the seabreams or porgies. This fish is found in the Eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. It is a highly esteemed food fish and an important species in aquaculture.
434:
The gilt-head bream is found in the northeastern
Atlantic and the Mediterranean from Great Britain and Ireland to possibly as far south as Senegal, including the
426:
of 70 cm (28 in), although a standard length of 35 cm (14 in) is more typical, and a maximum published weight of 17.2 kg (38 lb).
422:
large dark spot behind the eye, it is red along the margin of the operculum and there is a golden bar on the head between the eyes. This species has a maximum
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sequential hermaphrodites, maturing as males by age 2, before some develop ovaries and lose their testes in later life.
2004:
334:
with its type locality given as the
Mediterranean and Venezuela (although this has now been shown to be a specimen of
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824:"Order ACANTHURIFORMES (part 6): Families GERREIDAE, LETHRINIDAE, NEMIPTERIDAE and SPARIDAE"
1965:
1317:
743:
693:
658:
442:. It also occurs throughout the Mediterranean and in the southern and western parts of the
266:
518:
Gilthead seabreams in aquaculture are susceptible to parasitic infections, including from
8:
1853:
886:
reveals the evolutionary dynamics of sex-biased genes in a sequential hermaphrodite fish"
364:. Some authorities classify this genus in the subfamily Sparinae, but the 5th edition of
360:
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62:
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396:, means "gold", an allusion to the gold band on the intraorbital part of the head.
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which is supported by 11 robust spines and 13 or 14 branched soft rays. The
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Yearbook of fishery and aquaculture statistics 2009. Capture production
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1104:), prompts the redescription of the family Enterocytozoonidae".
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19:"Orata" redirects here. For the ancient Roman of this name, see
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801:"An annotated checklist of the fishes of the family Sparidae"
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n. sp., causing an emaciative syndrome in a piscine host (
854:
The Pocket Guide to
Saltwater Fishes of Britain and Europe
1557:
1422:
965:
438:. It is found around Madeira but these are escapes from
692:
657:
446:. This species is found over sandy substrates and in
368:
does not recognise subfamilies within the
Sparidae.
1026:
821:
696:; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.).
661:; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.).
1033:Han, Bing; Pan, Guoqing; Weiss, Louis M. (2021).
511:species, primarily in the Mediterranean area and
2206:
828:The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database
848:
1020:"The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture"
995:Cultured Aquatic Species Information Programme
875:
873:
602:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T170253A1302459.en
1235:
526:
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351:is placed in the family Sparidae within the
26:"Dorade" redirects here. For the yacht, see
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999:FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department
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822:Christopher Scharpf (12 January 2024).
738:; Grande, T.C.; Wilson, M.V.H. (2016).
629:
616:
376:The gilt-head bream has the genus name
319:The gilt-head bream was first formally
2207:
1142:
1107:International Journal for Parasitology
842:
815:
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568:
566:
564:
1917:
1916:
1223:
2192:DF63CB60-585E-4200-8684-56A3E392011A
2166:F4726AC3-E228-45D4-BA21-24AF664699F0
686:
469:The gilt-head bream feeds mainly on
2215:IUCN Red List least concern species
1136:Australian Society for Parasitology
940:
651:
588:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
561:
13:
1150:"Whole Gilt Head Bream (400-600g)"
14:
2261:
1192:
1049:American Society for Microbiology
949:Food and Agriculture Organization
340:). It is the only species in the
1751:
1744:
1737:
1198:
473:, but also some plant material.
96:
1089:
1012:
979:
951:of the United Nations) (2011).
856:. Parkgate Books. p. 103.
663:"Genera in the family Sparidae"
413:is scaled. It has a long-based
712:California Academy of Sciences
673:California Academy of Sciences
399:
1:
2235:Fish of the Mediterranean Sea
1040:Clinical Microbiology Reviews
968:. p. 163. Archived from
742:(5th ed.). Hoboken, NJ:
554:
1124:10.1016/j.ijpara.2013.10.005
1035:"Microsporidiosis in Humans"
409:has no scales, although the
371:
7:
2250:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
542:
388:name for this species. The
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10:
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577:& Pollard, D. (2014).
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908:10.1038/s42003-018-0122-7
487:Fisheries and aquaculture
300:, is a species of marine
263:Chrysophrys crassirostris
235:
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191:
93:Scientific classification
91:
69:
60:
51:
42:
37:
633:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
430:Distribution and habitat
1098:Enterospora nucleophila
647:. October 2023 version.
521:Enterospora nucleophila
2245:Fish described in 1758
891:Communications Biology
698:"Species in the genus
531:
503:
466:
358:by the 5th edition of
288:) , also known as the
2240:Fish of the North Sea
1887:World fish production
1250:Principal commercial
1216:on Sealife Collection
1174:Mediterranean Seafood
882:"Genomic analysis of
830:. Christopher Scharpf
752:10.1002/9781119174844
744:John Wiley & Sons
694:Eschmeyer, William N.
659:Eschmeyer, William N.
595:: e.T170253A1302459.
530:
501:
462:
1209:at Wikimedia Commons
1057:10.1128/cmr.00010-20
799:Parenti, P. (2019).
746:. pp. 502–506.
502:Anatomy (in Spanish)
476:Gilt-head bream are
740:Fishes of the World
380:which derives from
366:Fishes of the World
361:Fishes of the World
63:Conservation status
1902:Fisheries glossary
1892:Commercial species
1882:Commercial fishing
1270:Large pelagic fish
1188:, pp. 86–108.
1051:(ASM): e00010-20.
532:
504:
467:
342:monospecific genus
294:gilt-head seabream
247:Chrysophrys aurata
16:Mediterranean fish
2202:
2201:
1919:Taxon identifiers
1910:
1909:
1807:Freshwater prawns
1733:
1732:
1203:Media related to
991:(Linnaeus, 1758)"
761:978-1-118-34233-6
707:Catalog of Fishes
668:Catalog of Fishes
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304:belonging to the
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258:(Linnaeus, 1758)
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38:Gilt-head bream
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1812:Gilt-head bream
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1720:Lobster fishing
1693:
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1550:Other wild fish
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1318:Pacific bluefin
1255:
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1214:Gilt-head bream
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331:Systema Naturae
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298:silver seabream
280:gilt-head bream
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1193:External links
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1152:. Gofish.co.uk
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978:
975:on 2017-05-19.
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631:Froese, Rainer
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1715:Krill fishery
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1705:Cod fisheries
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1679:Sea cucumbers
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1206:Sparus aurata
1201:
1197:
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1187:
1186:0-14-046174-4
1183:
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1170:Alan Davidson
1168:
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576:
573:Russell, B.;
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390:specific name
387:
386:Ancient Greek
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322:
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285:Sparus aurata
281:
268:
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239:Aurata aurata
237:
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202:Sparus aurata
197:
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193:Binomial name
190:
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78:Least Concern
68:
64:
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46:
41:
36:
33:
29:
22:
21:Sergius Orata
1926:
1837:salmon trout
1811:
1205:
1173:
1154:. Retrieved
1144:
1111:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1091:
1044:
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1028:
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1004:22 September
1002:. Retrieved
994:
988:
981:
970:the original
953:
942:
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844:
832:. Retrieved
827:
817:
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794:
739:
736:Nelson, J.S.
715:. Retrieved
705:
699:
688:
676:. Retrieved
666:
653:
642:
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606:. Retrieved
592:
586:
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519:
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482:
475:
468:
433:
424:total length
407:preoperculum
403:
393:
381:
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365:
359:
348:
347:. The genus
344:
335:
330:
318:
297:
293:
289:
284:
283:
279:
277:
267:Valenciennes
262:
254:
246:
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201:
199:
183:
182:
170:
169:
32:
2057:iNaturalist
1951:Wikispecies
1671:Echinoderms
1578:Crustaceans
1345:Forage fish
1156:19 February
1118:: 189–203.
1116:Elsevier BV
834:19 February
811:(2): 47–98.
717:19 February
678:19 February
608:12 November
509:aquaculture
478:protandrous
440:aquaculture
400:Description
356:Spariformes
323:in 1758 by
150:Spariformes
2209:Categories
1684:Sea urchin
1212:Photos of
863:1855853647
770:2015037522
555:References
415:dorsal fin
1698:Fisheries
1563:Whitebait
1507:Toothfish
1333:yellowfin
1293:Swordfish
1132:0020-7519
1065:0893-8512
916:2399-3642
786:25909650M
778:951899884
471:shellfish
444:Black Sea
411:operculum
372:Etymology
321:described
178:Species:
116:Kingdom:
110:Eukaryota
2220:Sparidae
2075:10166646
2018:FishBase
1936:Wikidata
1854:Scallops
1832:Atlantic
1651:Scallops
1623:Molluscs
1530:Sturgeon
1497:Rockfish
1450:flounder
1445:Flatfish
1428:Atlantic
1398:european
1378:Sardines
1373:Menhaden
1328:skipjack
1303:albacore
1278:Mackerel
1180:, 1972.
1083:34190570
934:30271999
852:(1992).
805:FishTaxa
644:FishBase
543:See also
513:Portugal
464:Stintino
448:seagrass
419:anal fin
315:Taxonomy
309:Sparidae
290:gilthead
230:Synonyms
209:Linnaeus
160:Sparidae
156:Family:
130:Chordata
126:Phylum:
120:Animalia
106:Domain:
83:IUCN 3.1
2187:ZooBank
2036:2392508
1942:Q237046
1869:Tilapia
1859:Seaweed
1847:chinook
1822:Oysters
1817:Mussels
1802:Catfish
1785:crucian
1775:bighead
1689:more...
1661:more...
1646:Oysters
1641:Octopus
1636:Mussels
1631:Abalone
1613:more...
1596:Lobster
1568:more...
1535:Tilapia
1492:Pollock
1477:Haddock
1455:halibut
1433:Pacific
1418:Catfish
1363:Herring
1358:Capelin
1353:Anchovy
1252:fishery
1178:Penguin
1114:(3–4).
1074:8404701
925:6123679
902:: 119.
535:Cooking
455:Biology
337:Calamus
327:in the
269:, 1830
166:Genus:
146:Order:
136:Class:
81: (
2179:151523
2153:151523
2140:186170
2101:170253
2088:647901
2062:118671
2010:121487
1971:Sparus
1864:Shrimp
1827:Salmon
1795:silver
1780:common
1762:Farmed
1606:Prawns
1601:Shrimp
1482:Mullet
1470:turbot
1460:plaice
1308:bigeye
1283:Salmon
1184:
1130:
1081:
1071:
1063:
932:
922:
914:
860:
784:
776:
768:
758:
700:Sparus
394:aurata
382:sparos
378:Sparus
349:Sparus
345:Sparus
306:family
171:Sparus
2174:WoRMS
2161:Plazi
2070:IRMNG
2005:EUNIS
1997:4YF8Y
1984:34769
1790:grass
1656:Squid
1591:Krill
1540:Trout
1393:Sprat
1383:Saury
1368:Ilish
1288:Shark
1047:(4).
973:(PDF)
958:(PDF)
947:FAO (
898:(1).
353:order
2148:OBIS
2127:8175
2122:NCBI
2096:IUCN
2083:ITIS
2049:1703
2044:GISD
2031:GBIF
2023:1164
1979:BOLD
1842:coho
1770:Carp
1586:Crab
1525:Carp
1465:sole
1388:Shad
1298:Tuna
1261:Wild
1182:ISBN
1158:2024
1128:ISSN
1079:PMID
1061:ISSN
1006:2012
962:Rome
930:PMID
912:ISSN
858:ISBN
836:2024
774:OCLC
766:LCCN
756:ISBN
719:2024
680:2024
610:2021
593:2014
384:and
278:The
213:1758
2109:NBN
1992:CoL
1966:ADW
1558:Eel
1423:Cod
1120:doi
1069:PMC
1053:doi
966:FAO
920:PMC
904:doi
748:doi
597:doi
296:or
2211::
2189::
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23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
