378:
central figure in the Tudor revolution in government. Elton portrayed
Cromwell as the presiding genius, much more so than the King, in handling the break with Rome and the laws and administrative procedures that made the English Reformation so important. Elton wrote that Cromwell was responsible for translating royal supremacy into parliamentary terms by creating powerful new organs of government to take charge of church lands and thoroughly removing the medieval features of the central government.
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separate state offices. Cromwell, Henry's chief minister from 1532 to 1540, introduced reforms into the administration that delineated the King's household from the state and created a modern bureaucratic government. Cromwell shone Tudor light into the darker corners of the Realm and radically altered the role of
Parliament and the competence of Statute. Elton argued that by masterminding such reforms, Cromwell laid the foundations of England's future stability and success.
461:, saying, for example, that "we are fighting for the lives of innocent young people beset by devilish tempters who claim to offer higher forms of thought and deeper truths and insights – the intellectual equivalent of crack, in fact. Any acceptance of these theories – even the most gentle or modest bow in their direction – can prove fatal." Ex-pupils of his such as
472:
In 1990 Elton was one of the leading historians behind the setting up of the
History Curriculum Association. The Association advocated a more knowledge-based history curriculum in schools. It expressed "profound disquiet" at the way history was being taught in the classroom and observed that the
377:
was the author of modern, bureaucratic government, which replaced medieval, household-based government. Until the 1950s, historians had played down
Cromwell's role by calling him a doctrinaire hack who was little more than the agent of the despotic Henry VIII. Elton, however, made Cromwell the
381:
That change took place in the 1530s and must be regarded as part of a planned revolution. In essence, Elton was arguing that before
Cromwell, the realm could be viewed as the King's private estate writ large and that most administration was done by the King's household servants rather than by
476:
Elton saw the duty of historians as empirically gathering evidence and objectively analysing what the evidence has to say. As a traditionalist, he placed great emphasis on the role of individuals in history instead of abstract, impersonal forces. For instance, his 1963 book
401:
His thesis has been widely challenged by younger Tudor historians and can no longer be regarded as an orthodoxy, but his contribution to the debate has profoundly influenced subsequent discussion of Tudor government, particularly on the role of
Cromwell.
299:, Elton was awarded a PhD for his thesis "Thomas Cromwell, Aspects of his Administrative Work", in which Elton first developed the ideas that he was to pursue for the rest of his life. Elton naturalised as a British subject in September 1947.
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or sociology. He saw political history as the best and most important kind of history. Elton had no use for those who seek history to make myths, to create laws to explain the past, or to produce theories such as
257:, a Methodist school in Wales, starting in 1939. After only two years, Ehrenberg was working as a teacher at Rydal and achieved the position of assistant master in mathematics, history and German.
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469:'s traditionalist account of Elizabeth I's parliaments, and in his support for a more contingent and political set of causes for the English Civil War of the mid-seventeenth century.
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Law and
Government under the Tudors: Essays Presented to Sir Geoffrey Elton, Regius Professor of Modern History in the University of Cambridge on the Occasion of his Retirement
889:Ó Tuathaigh, M. A. G., 'Irish Historical "Revisionism": State of the Art of Ideological Project?' in, Brady, Ciaran (ed.), Interpreting Irish History (Dublin, 2006), p. 325.
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was caused by socioeconomic changes in the 16th and 17th centuries, arguing instead that it was largely due to the incompetence of the
434:–Elton debate when he defended the nineteenth century interpretation of empirical, 'scientific' history most famously associated with
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514:. He married a fellow historian, Sheila Lambert, in 1952. Elton died of a heart attack at his home in Cambridge on 4 December 1994.
422:, who he argued were presenting seriously flawed interpretations of the past. In particular, Elton was opposed to the idea that the
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623:(Methuen, 1969), annotated guide to 1000 history books on every major topic, plus book reviews and major scholarly articles.
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213:; 17 August 1921 – 4 December 1994) was a German-born British political and constitutional historian, specialising in the
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664:, Brighton, Sussex :Harvester Press/Atlantic Highlands, N.J.: Humanities Press for the Royal Historical Society, 1976.
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See his essays 'The Stuart
Century', 'A High Road to Civil War?' and 'The Unexplained Revolution' in G. R. Elton,
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his name to
Geoffrey Rudolph Elton. After his discharge from the army, Elton studied early modern history at
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Politics and
Society in Reformation Europe: Essays for Sir Geoffrey Elton on his Sixty-fifth Birthday
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claim he did embody a "revisionist streak," reflected both in his work on Cromwell, his attack on
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253:. In February 1939, the Ehrenbergs fled to Britain. Ehrenberg continued his education at
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Revolution Reassessed: Revisions in the History of Tudor Government & Administration
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The Body of the Whole Realm; Parliament and Representation in Medieval and Tudor England
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489:. Elton objected to cross-disciplinary efforts such as efforts to combine history with
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Elton was a strong defender of the traditional methods of history and was appalled by
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The Tudor Revolution in Government: Administrative Changes in the Reign of Henry VIII
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Bradshaw, Brenden "The Tudor Commonwealth: Reform and Revision" pages 455–476 from
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Policy and Police: the Enforcement of the Reformation in the Age of Thomas Cromwell
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Studies in Tudor and Stuart Politics and Government: Papers and Reviews, 1945–1972
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and graduated with a degree in Ancient History in 1943. Ehrenberg enlisted in the
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Modern Historians on British History 1485-1945: A Critical Bibliography 1945-1969
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Return to Essentials: Some Reflections on the Present State of Historical Study
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Tudor Rule and Revolution: Essays for G.R Elton from his American Friends
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Recent Views on British History: Essays on Historical Writing since 1966
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980:"The Tudor Commonwealth: Revising Thomas Cromwell" pages 681–685 from
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English Law In The Sixteenth Century : Reform In An Age of Change
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The New Cambridge Modern History: Volume 2, The Reformation, 1520-1559
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Williams, Penry and Harriss, Gavin "A Revolution in Tudor History?"
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Defender of the Faith Geoffrey Elton and the Philosophy of History
583:, London: Historical Association by Routledge & K. Paul, 1962.
555:, London: Methuen, 1955, revised edition 1974, third edition 1991.
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Slavin, Arthur. "Telling the Story: G.R Elton and the Tudor Age"
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Elton elaborated on his ideas in his 1955 work, the bestselling
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Cross, Claire, Loades, David & Scarisbrick, J.J (editors)
910:"Sir Geoffrey Rudolph Elton, 73, Tudor Historian at Cambridge"
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Studies in Tudor and Stuart Politics and Government: Volume II
711:, Headstart History Papers (ed. Judith Loades), Ipswich, 1991.
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Slavin, Arthur J. "G.R. Elton and His Era: Thirty Years On."
863:
Arthur J. Slavin, "G.R. Elton and His Era: Thirty Years On."
562:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1958; 2nd ed. 1990;
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Slavin Arthur. "G.R. Elton: On Reformation and Revolution"
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He edited the second edition of the influential collection
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and Eva Dorothea Sommer. In 1929, the Ehrenbergs moved to
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Members of the University of Cambridge faculty of history
577:, Cambridge University Press, 1960; second edition, 1982.
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Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to the United Kingdom
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but also made significant contributions to the study of
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What is History?' From Carr to Elton to Rorty and White
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Reform and Renewal: Thomas Cromwell and the Common Weal
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Reform and Renewal: Thomas Cromwell and the Common Weal
1030:, New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1984.
611:, Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1969.
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and the uncle of Lewis's son, the comedian and writer
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The Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing
369:. Elton was most famous for arguing in his 1953 book
354:
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from 1981 to 1990 and served as the president of the
632:, London: Penguin Press/New York: Basic Books, 1970.
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in Italy from 1944 to 1946 and reaching the rank of
658:, 4 volumes, Cambridge University Press, 1974–1992.
832:
605:, edited by G.R. Elton, New York: Macmillan, 1968.
506:Elton was the brother of the education researcher
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481:is in large part concerned with the duel between
430:kings. Elton was also famous for his role in the
260:There, he took courses via correspondence at the
1518:Presidents of the Ecclesiastical History Society
1399:
662:Annual bibliography of British and Irish history
575:The Tudor Constitution: Documents and Commentary
938:Black, Jeremy "Elton, G.R." pages 356–357 from
638:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1973;
268:in 1943. He spent his time in the Army in the
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1058:Transactions of the Royal Historical Society
989:Transactions of the Royal Historical Society
687:, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1983
685:Which Road to the Past? Two Views of History
335:. He worked as publication secretary of the
942:, Volume 1, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn, 1999
1523:Presidents of the Royal Historical Society
1498:Naturalised citizens of the United Kingdom
1171:Presidents of the Royal Historical Society
1162:
1148:
1016:, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1983.
970:Guth, DeLloyd and McKenna, John (editors)
817:(Supplement). 30 December 1985. p. 1.
630:Political History: Principles and Practice
1493:Military personnel from Baden-Württemberg
1122:President of the Royal Historical Society
998:Horowitz, M.R. "Which Road to the Past?"
668:Reform and Reformation: England 1509–1558
617:, Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1969.
405:
343:from 1972 to 1976. Elton was appointed a
319:there from 1983 to 1988. Pupils included
1533:Regius Professors of History (Cambridge)
1423:Alumni of University of London Worldwide
960:, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986.
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693:, London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1985.
448:largely in response to Carr's 1961 book
1463:Fellows of the Royal Historical Society
361:Elton focused primarily on the life of
241:. His parents were the Jewish scholars
1438:British Army personnel of World War II
1418:Academics of the University of Glasgow
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1002:, Volume 34, January 1984. pages 5–10
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603:Renaissance and Reformation, 1300–1640
473:integrity of history was threatened.
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908:Saxon, Wolfgang (17 December 1994).
697:The Parliament of England, 1559–1581
442:'s views. Elton wrote his 1967 book
1458:Fellows of Clare College, Cambridge
1433:Alumni of University College London
974:, Cambridge University Press, 1982.
880:(Cambridge University Press, 1974).
705:, Cambridge University Press, 1991.
699:, Cambridge University Press, 1986.
652:, Cambridge University Press, 1973.
591:, New York: Harper & Row, 1963.
549:, Cambridge University Press, 1953.
13:
1428:Alumni of the University of London
769:Hughes-Warrington, Marine (2000).
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371:The Tudor Revolution in Government
356:The Tudor Revolution in Government
317:Regius Professor of Modern History
223:Regius Professor of Modern History
14:
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991:Vol. 7 (1997), pp. 281–299
967:Cambridge University Press, 1988.
418:. He was also a fierce critic of
292:, graduating with a PhD in 1949.
1508:People educated at Rydal Penrhos
1093:Works by or about Geoffrey Elton
1023:, London: Macmillan Press, 1986.
797:. 17 October 1947. p. 4890.
581:Henry VIII; An essay In Revision
284:. During this period, Ehrenberg
1543:20th-century English historians
1468:Historians of the British Isles
1195:Henry Bruce, 1st Baron Aberdare
987:Haigh, Christopher. "Religion"
676:, London: Selden Society, 1979.
410:Elton was a staunch admirer of
211:Gottfried Rudolf Otto Ehrenberg
123:
45:Gottfried Rudolf Otto Ehrenberg
1189:John Russell, 1st Earl Russell
1060:pages 177–336, Volume 7, 1997.
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599:, London: Fontana Press, 1967.
233:Ehrenberg (Elton) was born in
1:
1443:East Surrey Regiment soldiers
1067:, Volume 25, 1963. pages 3–58
1051:, Volume 23, 1990. pp 405–31
932:
898:Daily Telegraph 19 March 1990
771:Fifty Key Thinkers on History
588:Reformation Europe, 1517-1559
530:'s basic conclusion that the
228:
1548:20th-century English lawyers
1083:The Elton / Ehrenberg Papers
385:
7:
1473:Intelligence Corps soldiers
1273:Robert William Seton-Watson
952:Coleman, Christopher &
949:, Volume 22, Issue 2, 1979.
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485:and the Holy Roman Emperor
10:
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1453:English constitutionalists
717:, Oxford: Blackwell, 1992.
202:Sir Geoffrey Rudolph Elton
1201:Sir M. E. Grant Duff
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984:Volume 23, Issue 3, 1980.
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311:and from 1949 onwards at
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295:Under the supervision of
290:University College London
225:there from 1983 to 1988.
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97:University College London
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1009:London: Routledge, 1995.
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571:, London: Methuen, 1958.
553:England Under The Tudors
517:
392:England under the Tudors
341:Royal Historical Society
313:Clare College, Cambridge
219:Clare College, Cambridge
16:German–British historian
1503:Philosophers of history
1351:Sir P. J. Marshall
1309:Sir R. W. Southern
670:, London: Arnold, 1977.
596:The Practice of History
526:. In it, he supported
445:The Practice of History
1528:Reformation historians
1261:Sir F. M. Powicke
1088:Clare College obituary
524:The Tudor Constitution
406:Historical perspective
178:Andrew S. C. Ehrenberg
1037:15#3 (1983): 207-229.
867:15#3 (1983): 207-229.
831:Kenyon, John (1983).
534:mirrored that of the
349:1986 New Year Honours
309:University of Glasgow
1513:People from Tübingen
729:A History of England
569:Star Chamber Stories
307:Elton taught at the
274:East Surrey Regiment
262:University of London
1327:Sir J. C. Holt
1297:Sir Goronwy Edwards
1213:Sir George Prothero
1044:(1990) 21#2 151–69.
325:Diarmaid MacCulloch
276:, serving with the
145:Eva Dorothea Sommer
1315:Sir Geoffrey Elton
1279:Theodore Plucknett
1243:Sir John Fortescue
1225:William Cunningham
982:Historical Journal
947:Historical Journal
915:The New York Times
814:The London Gazette
794:The London Gazette
615:England, 1200–1640
536:mixed constitution
532:Tudor constitution
479:Reformation Europe
420:Marxist historians
270:Intelligence Corps
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1357:Dame Janet Nelson
1321:Sir John Habakkuk
1267:Sir Frank Stenton
1255:Sir Richard Lodge
1231:Sir Charles Firth
1207:Sir Adolphus Ward
1138:
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1129:Succeeded by
1107:Academic offices
679:(co-written with
436:Leopold von Ranke
424:English Civil War
416:Winston Churchill
412:Margaret Thatcher
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190:Richard Ehrenberg
106:Historian, writer
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1483:Knights Bachelor
1448:Ehrenberg family
1339:Michael Thompson
1237:Sir Charles Oman
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1112:Preceded by
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1065:Past and Present
1005:Jenkins, Keith '
995:deals with Elton
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1413:1994 deaths
1408:1921 births
1381:Margot Finn
1369:Colin Jones
1285:Hale Bellot
809:"No. 50361"
789:"No. 38100"
715:The English
528:John Aylmer
508:Lewis Elton
367:Elizabeth I
297:J. E. Neale
278:Eighth Army
160:Lewis Elton
1402:Categories
1379:2016–2020
1373:2012–2016
1367:2009–2012
1361:2005–2008
1355:2001–2005
1349:1997–2001
1343:1993–1997
1337:1989–1993
1331:1985–1989
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1319:1977–1981
1313:1973–1977
1307:1969–1973
1301:1965–1969
1295:1961–1965
1289:1957–1961
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1277:1949–1953
1271:1946–1949
1265:1937–1945
1259:1933–1937
1253:1929–1933
1247:1925–1929
1241:1921–1925
1235:1917–1921
1229:1913–1917
1223:1909–1913
1217:1905–1909
1211:1901–1905
1205:1899–1901
1199:1891–1899
1193:1878–1891
1187:1873–1878
1181:1871–1872
1126:1973–1977
956:(editors)
933:References
921:25 January
839:. p.
773:. London:
467:John Neale
440:E. H. Carr
363:Henry VIII
286:anglicised
229:Early life
51:1921-08-17
978:Guy, John
775:Routledge
512:Ben Elton
487:Charles V
386:Influence
166:Ben Elton
162:(brother)
153:Relatives
87:, England
81:Cambridge
1053:in JSTOR
993:in JSTOR
722:See also
463:John Guy
438:against
321:John Guy
282:sergeant
272:and the
235:Tübingen
180:(cousin)
168:(nephew)
59:Tübingen
1095:at the
564:excerpt
496:Marxism
347:in the
239:Germany
174:(uncle)
134:Parents
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63:Germany
1035:Albion
865:Albion
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625:online
540:Sparta
502:Family
428:Stuart
303:Career
247:Prague
209:(born
111:Spouse
736:Notes
518:Works
373:that
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923:2018
845:ISBN
640:ISBN
558:ed.
432:Carr
414:and
331:and
70:Died
41:Born
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538:of
206:FBA
33:FBA
24:Sir
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