1188:"One category of military personnel which was refused the advantages of the Convention in the course of the Second World War comprised German and Japanese troops who fell into enemy hands on the capitulation of their countries in 1945 (6). The German capitulation was both political, involving the dissolution of the Government, and military, whereas the Japanese capitulation was only military. Moreover, the situation was different since Germany was a party to the 1929 Convention and Japan was not. Nevertheless, the German and Japanese troops were considered as surrendered enemy personnel and were deprived of the protection provided by the 1929 Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War."
142:
340:
provisions to protect prisoners of war if the military regulations of the detaining power do not meet a minimum standard. Two specific regulations which differentiate prisoners of war from the detainees' own military regulations, is that no prisoner of war may be deprived of his rank by the detaining Power, and escaped prisoners of war who are retaken before being able to rejoin their own army or to leave the territory occupied by the army which captured them shall be liable only to disciplinary punishment.
1206:"Under the present provision, the Convention applies to persons who "fall into the power" of the enemy. This term is also used in the opening sentence of Article 4, replacing the expression "captured" which was used in the 1929 Convention (Article 1). It indicates clearly that the treatment laid down by the Convention is applicable not only to military personnel taken prisoner in the course of fighting, but also to those who fall into the hands of the adversary following surrender or mass capitulation."
206:
of prisoners of war be adopted. The
International Committee of the Red Cross drew up a draft convention which was submitted to the Diplomatic Conference convened at Geneva in 1929. The Convention does not replace but only completes the provisions of the Hague regulations. The most important innovations consisted in the prohibition of reprisals and collective penalties, the organization of prisoners' work, the designation, by the prisoners, of representatives and the control exercised by
38:
150:
242:
Articles 2, 3, and 4 specifies that POWs are prisoners of the Power which holds them and not prisoners of the unit which takes their surrender; that POWs have the right to honor and respect, and that women shall be treated with all the regard due to their sex, and that prisoners of a similar category
205:
they revealed several deficiencies as well as a lack of precision. Such defects were partly overcome by special agreements made between belligerents in Berne in 1917 and 1918. In 1921, the
International Red Cross Conference held at Geneva expressed the wish that a special convention on the treatment
301:
Articles 11, 12, and 13 states, "Food must be of a similar quality and quantity to that of the belligerent's own soldiers, and POWs cannot be denied food as a punishment; A canteen selling local produce and products should be provided. Adequate clothing should be provided; and that sanitary service
251:
Articles 5 and 6 covers what may and may not be done to a prisoner on capture. If requested, unless too ill to comply, prisoners are bound to give their true name and rank, but they may not be coerced into giving any more information. Prisoners' personal possessions, other than arms and horses, may
321:
Articles 25 and 26 covers the responsibilities of the detaining authority when transferring prisoners from one location to another. Prisoners must be healthy enough to travel, they must be informed to where they are being transferred; and their personal possessions, including bank accounts, should
339:
Articles 42 to 67 covers the prisoners' relations with the authorities. Most of these provisions are covered by the provision that prisoners are under the detaining power's own code of military regulations, with some additional provisions which cover specific prisoner of war issues and some other
415:
Articles 82 to 97 covers the implementation of this convention. Articles 82 and 83 contained two important clauses. "In case, in time of war, one of the belligerents is not a party to the
Convention, its provisions shall nevertheless remain in force as between the belligerents who are parties
289:
Articles 9 and 10 covers the type of camp in which POWs can be detained. They must be constructed in such a way so that the conditions are similar to those used by the belligerent's own soldiers in base camps. The camps must be located in healthy locations and away from the combat zone. Also,
330:
Articles 27 to 34 covers labour by prisoners of war. Work must fit the rank and health of the prisoners. The work must not be war-related and must be safe work. Remuneration will be agreed between the belligerents and will belong to the prisoner who carries out the work.
371:
Article 76 covers prisoners of war dying in captivity: they should be honorably buried and their graves marked and maintained properly. Wills and death certificate provisions should be the same as those for the detaining power's own soldiers.
259:
was intentionally altered from that of the 1929 convention so that soldiers who "fall into the power" following surrender or mass capitulation of an enemy are now protected as well as those taken prisoner in the course of fighting. (see
314:
Articles 20, 21, 22, and 23 states that officers and persons of equivalent status who are prisoners of war shall be treated with the regard due their rank and age and provide more details on what that treatment should be.
416:
thereto", and that the provisions of this convention continue to cover prisoners of war after hostilities up to their repatriation unless the belligerents agree otherwise or a more favorable regime replaces it.
348:
Articles 68 to 74 states that seriously sick and seriously injured prisoners of war must be repatriated as soon as their condition allows and no repatriated person may be utilized in active military service.
380:
Articles 77 to 80 covers how and how frequently the Powers should exchange information about prisoners and the details of how relief societies for prisoners of war should be involved in their relief.
1063:
An any statement made by a State during accession, succession or ratification that modifies way of application of certain provisions of convention. Checkout the source for more accurate definition.
392:
without directly belonging thereto, who fall into the enemy's hands and whom the latter think expedient to detain, shall be entitled to be treated as prisoners of war. This provision covered
356:. If this is not possible then repatriation of prisoners shall be effected with the least possible delay after the conclusion of peace. This particular provision was to cause problems after
235:
and so qualify as prisoners of war (POW) on capture. In addition to combatants covered by Hague IV, some civilians are also covered in the section of this
Convention called the "
281:
zone within the shortest possible period, and that belligerents are bound mutually to notify each other of their capture of prisoners within the shortest period possible.
17:
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1455:
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by being sent to an area where they would be exposed to the fire of the fighting zone or be employed to render by their presence certain points or areas immune from
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1550:
1221:
365:
290:"Belligerents shall, so far as possible, avoid assembling in a single camp prisoners of different races or nationalities." Prisoners may not be used as
59:
52:
1425:
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1335:
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74:
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1510:
81:
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1500:
1395:
1154:
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1197:
1179:
190:
1054:
This means instead of signing and then ratifying the treaty, any State may become party to it by the single act called accession.
70:
1580:
1340:
1585:
1355:
1515:
1520:
1495:
1385:
1320:
1470:
1420:
1310:
198:
121:
1565:
1400:
95:
1252:. Countries that ratified the Convention are called State Parties. Not all countries that later were involved in
364:) there was no armistice, and in the case of Germany a full peace treaty was not signed until the signing of the
311:
Articles 18 and 19 covers the internal discipline of a camp which is under the command of a responsible officer.
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1570:
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Articles 16 and 17 covers the provision of religious needs, intellectual diversions and sport facilities.
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Article 75 covers release at the end of hostilities. The release of prisoners should form part of the
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1200:
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183:
48:
27:
1929 international agreement outlining rules for the humane treatment of prisoners-of-war (POWs)
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1283:
Convention
Between the United States of America and Other Powers, Relating to Prisoners of War
1083:
261:
134:"Geneva Convention (1929)" redirects here. For the Convention on the Wounded and Sick, see
1203:
1185:
1107:"Treaties, States parties, and Commentaries - Geneva Convention on Prisoners of War, 1929"
153:
Bilingual French/German version of the 1929 Geneva
Convention, from a 1934 edition of the
8:
1158:
1282:
1260:. Japan did sign the Convention, but did not ratify it. They were a "state signatory."
393:
171:
420:
Annex to the
Convention of May 27, 1929, relative to the treatment of prisoners of war
1141:
450:
400:
155:
1271:
424:
The annex added detail to the provisions covering repatriation and hospitalization.
207:
175:
1201:
Commentaries on the
Convention (III) relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War
1183:
Commentaries on the
Convention (III) relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War
236:
1290:
1222:"Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War. Geneva, 27 July 1929"
383:
1286:
375:
1299:
291:
197:
Provisions concerning the treatment of prisoners of war are contained in the
305:
Articles 14 and 15 covers the provision of medical facilities in each camp.
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444:
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357:
179:
295:
202:
1095:
https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/assets/treaties/305-IHL-GC-1929-2-EN.pdf
432:
The following countries have either signed or ratified the
Convention:
353:
277:
Articles 7 and 8 states that prisoners should be evacuated from the
37:
397:
149:
170:. It entered into force 19 June 1931. It is this version of the
1275:
404:
360:
because as the surrender of the Axis powers was unconditional (
302:
in camps should be more than sufficient to prevent epidemics."
278:
219:
Article 1 makes explicit reference to Articles 1, 2, and 3 of
166:
was signed at Geneva, July 27, 1929. Its official name is the
384:
Application of the Convention to certain classes of civilians
237:
Application of the Convention to certain classes of civilians
1131:
https://www.refworld.org/legal/agreements/icrc/1949/en/35606
376:
Bureau of relief and information concerning prisoners of war
334:
145:
Front page of a French edition of the 1929 Geneva Convention
1257:
1084:
https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/en/ihl-treaties/gc-pow-1929
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The list of 9 countries that were only state signatories.
1281:
Copy of the convention as ratified by the United States
1272:
Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War
1216:
1214:
1212:
1142:
Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War
168:
Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War
318:
Article 24 covers the rate of pay of prisoners of war.
366:
Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany
1209:
1155:"Laws of War on Land (Hague IV); October 18, 1907"
388:Article 81 states that individuals who follow the
1250:List of 53 countries that ratified the Convention
272:
1297:
136:Geneva Convention on the Wounded and Sick (1929)
1551:Treaties extended to the Union of South Africa
1431:Treaties of the Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946)
410:
1381:Treaties of the Republic of China (1912–1949)
325:
1456:Treaties of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)
18:Geneva Convention on Prisoners of War (1929)
1546:Treaties of the Slovak Republic (1939–1945)
343:
335:Prisoners' relations with the authorities
122:Learn how and when to remove this message
1426:Treaties of the Second Hellenic Republic
284:
191:International Committee of the Red Cross
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1556:Treaties of Spain under the Restoration
1336:Treaties of the First Austrian Republic
71:"Geneva Convention on Prisoners of War"
14:
1526:Treaties of the Second Polish Republic
1298:
1147:
58:Please improve this article by adding
1536:Treaties of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia
1416:Treaties of the French Third Republic
919:Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
214:
164:Geneva Convention on Prisoners of War
1511:Treaties of the Dominion of Pakistan
31:
1361:Treaties of the Kingdom of Bulgaria
1326:Treaties entered into force in 1931
1266:Copy of the convention held by the
24:
1541:Treaties of the Kingdom of Romania
1436:Treaties extended to British India
1243:
243:must be treated in the same way.
199:Hague Regulations of 1899 and 1907
25:
1607:
1531:Treaties of the Ditadura Nacional
1501:Treaties extended to New Zealand
1396:Treaties of the Kingdom of Egypt
221:Hague Convention respecting the
36:
1446:Treaties of the Kingdom of Iraq
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1048:
182:. It is the predecessor of the
174:which covered the treatment of
1581:Treaties of the United Kingdom
1341:Treaties extended to Australia
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1099:
1088:
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273:Evacuation of prisoners of war
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1:
1586:Treaties of the United States
1356:Treaties of Vargas-era Brazil
1285:; July 27, 1929. Held in the
1070:
60:secondary or tertiary sources
1516:Treaties of Papua New Guinea
394:military support contractors
267:
7:
1521:Treaties of the Philippines
1496:Treaties of the Netherlands
411:Execution of the convention
10:
1612:
1386:Treaties of Czechoslovakia
1321:Treaties concluded in 1929
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326:Labour of prisoners of war
246:
133:
1471:Treaties of Liechtenstein
1421:Treaties of Nazi Germany
1311:Interwar-period treaties
1041:
344:Termination of captivity
255:The wording of the 1949
252:not be taken from them.
1566:Treaties of Switzerland
1401:Treaties of El Salvador
362:unconditional surrender
257:Third Geneva Convention
223:laws and customs of war
189:On their web site, the
184:Third Geneva Convention
1226:ihl-databases.icrc.org
1144:. Geneva, 27 July 1929
1111:ihl-databases.icrc.org
229:), of October 18, 1907
212:
159:
146:
47:relies excessively on
1476:Treaties of Lithuania
1441:Treaties of Indonesia
1331:Treaties of Argentina
1316:Anti-torture treaties
285:Prisoner of war camps
262:Disarmed Enemy Forces
195:
152:
144:
1571:Treaties of Thailand
1376:Treaties of Colombia
231:, to define who are
1591:1929 in Switzerland
1491:Treaties of Myanmar
1406:Treaties of Estonia
1391:Treaties of Denmark
1351:Treaties of Bolivia
1346:Treaties of Belgium
322:remain accessible.
201:. In the course of
1576:Treaties of Turkey
1561:Treaties of Sweden
1506:Treaties of Norway
1486:Treaties of Monaco
1481:Treaties of Mexico
1466:Treaties of Latvia
1461:Treaties of Jordan
1451:Treaties of Israel
1366:Treaties of Canada
1306:Geneva Conventions
1256:signed, e.g., the
401:war correspondents
215:General provisions
172:Geneva Conventions
160:
147:
1371:Treaties of Chile
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556:Republic of China
233:lawful combatants
208:protecting Powers
156:Reichsgesetzblatt
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16:(Redirected from
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1596:Prisoners of war
1411:Treaties of Fiji
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1157:. Archived from
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1291:Yale Law School
1278:, 27 July 1929.
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445:Ratification
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1035:15.07.1944
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1002:10.03.1934
991:03.06.1939
980:19.12.1930
974:Switzerland
969:03.07.1931
958:06.08.1930
947:23.06.1931
936:15.09.1939
925:20.05.1931
914:24.10.1931
903:08.06.1931
892:29.06.1932
881:01.04.1947
875:Philippines
870:26.05.1976
859:02.02.1948
848:24.06.1931
837:23.06.1931
831:New Zealand
826:05.10.1932
820:Netherlands
815:01.04.1937
804:17.03.1948
793:01.08.1932
782:27.02.1939
771:11.01.1944
760:14.10.1931
749:09.03.1949
738:24.03.1931
727:03.08.1948
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683:10.09.1936
672:28.05.1935
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639:09.08.1971
628:11.06.1936
617:22.04.1942
611:El Salvador
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595:05.08.1932
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573:05.06.1941
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551:01.06.1933
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529:13.10.1937
518:23.03.1932
507:13.08.1940
496:12.05.1932
485:13.03.1936
474:23.06.1931
463:05.03.1945
451:Declaration
296:bombardment
203:World War I
1300:Categories
1231:8 February
1071:References
1021:27.07.1929
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82:newspapers
49:references
1204:Article 5
1186:Article 5
1029:Venezuela
776:Lithuania
699:Indonesia
468:Australia
457:Argentina
368:in 1990.
354:armistice
268:Captivity
225:on land (
1165:21 March
985:Thailand
930:Slovakia
897:Portugal
853:Pakistan
567:Colombia
523:Bulgaria
438:Country
398:civilian
227:Hague IV
1289:at the
1007:Britain
908:Romania
809:Myanmar
677:Hungary
655:Germany
622:Estonia
589:Denmark
501:Bolivia
490:Belgium
479:Austria
441:Signed
428:Parties
407:, etc.
405:sutlers
247:Capture
178:during
96:scholar
1276:Geneva
1116:7 June
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1042:Notes
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732:Italy
688:India
600:Egypt
545:Chile
103:JSTOR
89:books
1268:ICRC
1258:USSR
1233:2020
1198:ICRC
1180:ICRC
1167:2006
1118:2019
710:Iraq
633:Fiji
162:The
75:news
1018:USA
239:".
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