Gandhism - Knowledge

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principle of satyagraha. In the "Quit India" speeches, Gandhi says "the proposal for the withdrawal of British power is to enable India to play its due part at the present critical juncture. It is not a happy position for a big country like India to be merely helping with money and material obtained willy-nilly from her while the United Nations are conducting the war. We cannot evoke the true spirit of sacrifice and velour, so long as we are not free." On his ideas towards a unified India he said: "Thousands of Mussalmans have told me, that if Hindu-Muslim question was to be solved satisfactorily, it must be done in my lifetime. I should feel flattered at this; but how can I agree to proposal which does not appeal to my reason? Hindu-Muslim unity is not a new thing. Millions of Hindus and Mussalmans have sought after it. I consciously strove for its achievement from my boyhood. While at school, I made it a point to cultivate the friendship of Muslims and Parsi co-students. I believed even at that tender age that the Hindus in India, if they wished to live in peace and amity with the other communities, should assiduously cultivate the virtue of neighbourliness. It did not matter, I felt, if I made no special effort to cultivate the friendship with Hindus, but I must make friends with at least a few Mussalmans. In India too I continued my efforts and left no stone unturned to achieve that unity. It was my life-long aspiration for it that made me offer my fullest co-operation to the Mussalmans in the Khilafat movement. Muslims throughout the country accepted me as their true friend." Gandhi's belief in the effectiveness of passive, non-violent resistance has been quoted as being the "belief that non-violence alone will lead men to do right under all circumstances."

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you with a nobler and braver way worthier of the bravest soldier. I want you to fight Nazism without arms, or, if I am to maintain military terminology, with non-violent arms. I would like you to lay down the arms you have as being useless for saving you or humanity. You will invite Herr Hitler and Signor Mussolini to take what they want of the countries you call your possessions. Let them take possession of your beautiful island, with your many beautiful buildings. You will give all these but neither your souls, nor your minds. If these gentlemen choose to occupy your homes, you will vacate them. If they do not give you free passage out, you will allow yourself, man, woman, and child, to be slaughtered, but you will refuse to owe allegiance to them my non-violence demands universal love, and you are not a small part of it. It is that love which has prompted my appeal to you.

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approach because he had chosen the path of love even against his enemies. Gandhi explained that, according to the Hindu scriptures, a single such self-controlled person could eradicate violence from the hearts of one's opposition. It was through this power of love that Gandhi asserted, "what was accomplished in Gujarat by one person, Sahajanand , could not be accomplished by the power of the State". Moreover, he said that "The Age of Sahajanand has not come to an end. It is only devotion and self-control like his that are wanted". Ultimately, Gandhi said that while he was attempting Swaminarayan's approach himself, he did "not have the strength of heart to act upon" it the way that Swaminarayan had successfully done.

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erroneous. To support this argument, Gandhi criticized the ethics of love and absolute ahimsa (non-violence) he observed in the teachings of Swaminarayan and Vallabhacharya. According to Gandhi, this love was mere "sentimentalism", and its concomitant absolute ahimsa "robbed us of our manliness" and "made the people incapable of self-defence". Gandhi wrote that Swaminarayan and Vallabhacharya had not grasped the essence of non-violence. Instead Gandhi argued for a non-violence that would "permit to commit violence, to use their strength to fight", since that capacity for violence could be used for the benefit of society, like in "restraining a drunkard from doing evil" or "killing a dog…infected with rabies".

104:: "For our visiting Indian, however, the Vegetarian Society was a shelter that saved him. The young Gandhi had little interest in the two great popular passions of late nineteenth-century London, the theatre and sport. Imperial and socialist politics left him cold. However, in the weekly meetings of the vegetarians of London he found a cause, and his first English friends." Salt's work allowed Gandhi for the first time to take part in collective action. Salt later went on to write a biography of 324:, the latter being the author of his most frequently used prayer. Indian sociologist and Gandhian contemporary, N. A. Thoothi, had argued by 1935 that Mahatma Gandhi was "most influenced in his inner-most being… by the teachings of the Swaminarayan Sampradaya above all". Thoothi concluded that "most of thought, activities, and even methods of most of the institutions which he has been building up and serving, have the flavor of Swaminarayan, more than that of any other sect of Hinduism". 840:, perhaps the most vocal adherent to non-violent civil resistance, was allegedly murdered in 1977 by agents of the government. When the first universal, free elections were held in South Africa in 1994, the ANC was elected and Mandela became president. Mandela made a special visit to India and publicly honoured Gandhi as the man who inspired the freedom struggle of black South Africans. Statues of Gandhi have been erected in 550:"After long study and experience, I have come to the conclusion that all religions are true all religions have some error in them; all religions are almost as dear to me as my own Hinduism, in as much as all human beings should be as dear to one as one's own close relatives. My own veneration for other faiths is the same as that for my own faith; therefore no thought of conversion is possible." 683:, was often considered Gandhi's successor, although he was not religious and often disagreed with Gandhi. He was, however, deeply influenced by Gandhi personally as well as politically, and used his premiership to pursue ideological policies based on Gandhi's principles. In fact, on 15 January 1942, in the AICC session Gandhi openly proclaimed Nehru as his successor. 1018:

a votary of Ahimsa has no other remedy left. Such an occasion has come my way." This fast was conducted in line with his idea of a nation's communities and religions brought together. Gandhi's fast was only to end when he was satisfied with the reunion of hearts of all the communities brought about without any outside pressure, but from an awakened sense of duty.

393:, or homespun cloth, was intended to help eradicate the evils of poverty, as well as social and economic discrimination. It was also aimed as a challenge to the contrast that he saw between most Indians, who were poor and traditional, and the richer classes of educated, liberal-minded Indians who had adopted Western mannerisms, clothing and practices. 971:

fields one each for primary, secondary and University stage. Ministry of Education was recommended by the committee to celebrate Gandhi week at school level etc. Committee worked hard for collection of work on Mahatma Gandhi and many journals have also been published to promote Gandhian ideas. One of the most well-known is

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is un-Islamic and I have not hesitated to call it sinful. Islam stands for unity and the brotherhood of mankind, not for disrupting the oneness of the human family. Therefore, those who want to divide India into possibly warring groups are enemies alike of India and Islam. They may cut me into pieces

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On 1 December 1948, Gandhi dictated his speech on the eve of the last fast. Using the fast as a form of significant symbolism, he justifies it as "a fast which a votary of non-violence sometimes feels impelled to undertake by way of protest against some wrong done by society, and this he does when as

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I appeal to every Briton, wherever he may be now, to accept the method of non-violence instead of that of war, for the adjustment of relations between nations and other matters I do not want Britain to be defeated, nor do I want her to be victorious in a trial of brute strength I venture to present

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In the absence of a "Gandhism" approved by Gandhi himself, there is a school of thought that one has to derive what Gandhism stands for, from his life and works. One such deduction is a philosophy based on "truth" and "non-violence" in the following sense. First, one should acknowledge and accept the

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Mohandas Gandhi's early life was a series of personal struggles to decipher the truth about life's important issues and discover the true way of living. He admitted in his autobiography to hitting his wife when he was young, and indulging in carnal pleasures out of lust, jealousy and possessiveness,

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At this point it is important to note that Gandhi believed in a kind of socialism but one that was very different from Nehru's. In praise of socialism, Gandhi once said, "... socialism is as pure as a crystal. It therefore requires crystal-like means to achieve it." Moreover, Gandhi was conscious of

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control in 1857, Indians were forced to purchase clothing at artificially inflated prices since the colonial authorities would purchase cotton from Indian mill owners and ship them to Britain, where it was processed into clothing which was shipped back to India. Gandhi targeted foreign-made clothing

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on the topic of Pakistan: "Although Gandhi was personally opposed to the partition of India, he proposed an agreement which provided that the Congress and the Muslim League would cooperate to attain independence under a provisional government, after which the question of partition would be decided

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Many committees were formed to promote Gandhian ideas, one such committee was "Committee for the promotion of Gandhiji's teaching and his way of life" in 1957. In its meeting committee recommended to the Ministry of Education to prepare three books incorporating Gandhiji's contribution in important

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His ideas, symbolized in propaganda, stated that India was a nation capable of economic self-sufficiency without the British, a unity transcending religion would make for a stronger nation, and that the most effective method of protest was through passive resistance, including non-violence and the

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was an important method of exerting mental control over base desires. In his autobiography, Gandhi analyses the need to fast to eradicate his desire for delicious, spicy food. He believed that abstention would diminish his sensual faculties, bringing the body increasingly under the mind's absolute

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suppressed in their non-violent quest for democracy and freedom in military-controlled Myanmar. This struggle was inaugurated when the military dismissed the results of the 1991 democratic elections and imposed military rule. She was released in November 2010, when free elections were to be held.

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This advocacy of violence led some of his staunchest supporters, including his nephew, Maganlal Gandhi, to question whether Gandhi was forsaking his non-violent ideals. In a July 1918 letter replying to his nephew, Gandhi stated that any conception of non-violence that prohibited self-defense was

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Harold Dwight Lasswell, a political scientist and communications theorist, defined propaganda as the management of eclectic attitudes by manipulation of significant symbols. Based on this definition of Propaganda, Gandhi made use of significant symbols to drive his ideal of an independent Indian

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By 1924, however, Gandhi's criticism of Swaminarayan and his ethical teachings had turned into admiration. While arguing in a Navjivan newspaper editorial that it was a duty to resort to violence for self-defense against Afghani terrorists, Gandhi admitted that he could not personally adopt this

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in which Ruskin critiques the 'economic man' (this was written after Ruskin's retreat from Art criticism for which he was well-known). Gandhi tried in all his Ashrams a system of self-sufficiency and decentralised economies. Gandhi was gifted this book by his close associate Henry Polak in South

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that was of greater importance. Gandhi was already in the midst of a form of civil disobedience in South Africa when he read Thoreau. Not only did he adopt the name for the kind of struggle that he would become a champion of, but also adopted the means of breaking laws in order to call for their

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There is no such thing as "Gandhism" and I do not want to leave any sect after me. I do not claim to have originated any new principle or doctrine. I have simply tried in my own way to apply the eternal truths to our daily life and problems...The opinions I have formed and the conclusions I have

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Although Gandhi's thought is unique in its own right, it is not without ideological parents. Gandhi has in his own writings specified the inspiration for his saying certain things. It can be said that it is his exposure to the West, during his time in London, that compelled him to look at his

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These ideas were symbolized by Gandhi through the use of significant symbols, an important proponent in the acceptance of the ideals he expounded in his speeches and movements. On 3 November 1930, Gandhi gave a speech before the Dandi March which possibly could have been one of Gandhi's last

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under the inspiration of Gandhi between the 1920s and 1940s. ANC activists braved the harsh tactics of the police to protest against the oppressive South African government. Many, especially Mandela, languished for decades in jail, while the world outside was divided in its effort to remove

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turned Gandhi towards the question of vegetarianism and food habits. It was also around this time that Gandhi joined vegetarian societies in London. Salt eventually became Gandhi's friend too. Talking of the significance of Salt's work, historian Ramachandra Guha said in his work

867:. The two discussed Gandhi's teachings, and the methodology of organising peaceful resistance. The graphic imagery of black protesters being hounded by police, beaten and brutalised, evoked admiration for King and the protesters across America and the world, and precipitated the 61:

The term "Gandhism" also encompasses what Gandhi's ideas, words, and actions mean to people around the world and how they used them for guidance in building their own future. Gandhism also permeates into the realm of the individual human being, non-political and non-social. A

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speeches, in which the significant symbol of the march itself demonstrated the exclusively nonviolent struggle to empower a self-sufficient India. Beginning in Ahmedabad and concluding in Dandi, Gujarat, the march saw Gandhi and his supporters directly disobey the

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The concept of nonviolence (ahimsa) and nonviolent resistance has a long history in Indian religious thought and has had many revivals in Christian, Buddhist, Hindu, Muslim, and Jain contexts. Gandhi explains his philosophy and way of life in his autobiography,

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truth that people are different at all levels ("truth"). Second, one should never resort to violence to settle inherent differences between human beings at any level: from between two people to two nations to two races or two religions ("non-violence").

538:, and find a verse to comfort me; and I immediately begin to smile in the midst of overwhelming sorrow. My life has been full of tragedies and if they have not left any visible and indelible effect on me, I owe it to the teachings of the Bhagavad Gita". 744:

for whom Gandhi had fought in the early 1920s. India's economic policies under Nehru were highly different from Gandhi's with Nehru following a socialist model. Nehru also brought Goa and Hyderabad into the Indian union through military invasion.

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Of this criticism, Gandhi stated, "There was a time when people listened to me because I showed them how to give fight to the British without arms when they had no arms but today I am told that my non-violence can be of no avail against the

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Fasting would also put the body through unusual hardship, which Gandhi believed would cleanse the spirit by stimulating the courage to withstand all impulses and pain. Gandhi undertook a "Fast Unto Death" on three notable occasions:

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the fact that Nehru's ideology differed from his but did not object to that as he was aware that this was a well-thought-out standpoint. He called this a difference in emphasis, his being on 'means' while Nehru's being on ends.

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against a surprise Chinese invasion. Nehru had neglected the defence budget and disallowed the Army to prepare, which caught the soldiers in India's north eastern frontier off-guard with lack of supplies and reinforcements.

585:"As soon as we lose the moral basis, we cease to be religious. There is no such thing as religion over-riding morality. Man, for instance, cannot be untruthful, cruel or incontinent and claim to have God on his side." 939:, known as the "Frontier Gandhi"; under the influence of Gandhi, he organised the Pathans of the Northwest Frontier as early as 1919 to support the independence movement. Christian Gandhians include the Briton 1145: 494:. Gandhi sought to purify his soul and expiate his sins, in what he saw as his role in allowing terrible tragedies to happen. It took a heavy toll on his physical health and often brought him close to death. 822:

Gandhi's early life work in South Africa between the years 1910 and 1915, for the improved rights of Indian residents living under the white minority South African government inspired the later work of the

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seeking the emancipation of African Americans from racial segregation in the American South, and also from economic and social injustice and political disenfranchisement, traveled to India in 1962 to meet

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but they cannot make me subscribe to something which I consider to be wrong we must not cease to aspire, in spite of wild talk, to befriend all Muslims and hold them fast as prisoners of our love.

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could be a part of Hinduism, it could but be a rotten part or an excrescence. I could not understand the raison d'etre of a multitude of sects and castes. What was the meaning of saying that the

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Gandhi's deep commitment and disciplined belief in non-violent civil disobedience as a way to oppose forms of oppression or injustice has inspired many subsequent political figures, including

672:, undertook various projects aimed at encouraging popular self-organisation during the 1950s and 1960s. Many groups descended from these networks continue to function locally in India today. 1792: 279:"What difference does it make to the dead, the orphans, and the homeless, whether the mad destruction is wrought under the name of totalitarianism or the holy name of liberty and democracy?" 1014:. Gandhi obtained a wheel and engaged his disciples in spinning their own cloth called Khadi; this commitment to hand spinning was an essential element to Gandhi's philosophy and politics. 561:"Thus if I could not accept Christianity either as a perfect, or the greatest religion, neither was I then convinced of Hinduism being such. Hindu defects were pressingly visible to me. If 301:. He asserted that fighting in the war would provide Indians necessary self-defense skills that had been eroded by the deep-seated influence of India's ascetic culture, which he disdained. 903:

not genuine love. He had eaten meat, smoked a cigarette, and almost visited a hustler. It was only after much personal turmoil and repeated failures that Gandhi developed his philosophy.

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Barlow, David M., and Brett Mills. "Harold D. Lasswell." Reading media theory: thinkers, approaches and contexts. Second Edition ed. Harlow, England: Pearson Longman, 2012. 103. Print.

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In all three cases, Gandhi was able to abandon his fast before death. There was some controversy over the 1932 fast, which brought him into conflict with the other great leader

341:) that, "to Gandhi, all war was wrong, and suddenly it 'came to him like a flash' to appeal to the British to adopt the method of non-violence." In this article, Gandhi stated, 640:

Gandhi was assassinated in 1948, but his teachings and philosophy would play a major role in India's economic and social development and foreign relations for decades to come.

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to put down an anti-communist, popular revolt. Some of his economic policies were criticised for removing the right of property and freedoms from the landowning peasants of

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Over time, Gandhi's religious thought showed a further influence of Swaminarayan's teachings, as, by 1930, he had included many hymns composed by Swaminarayan poets in his

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did. He envisioned a more agrarian India upon independence that would focus on meeting the material needs of its citizenry prior to generating wealth and industrialising.

316:, a book of prayers which were used in his twice-daily prayer service. In his writings, he often drew inspiration from the spiritual teachings of Swaminarayan saint-poets 2187:

Gandhi, M. K., and Mahadev Desai. "On The Eve Of Historic Dandi March." The selected works of Mahatma Gandhi. Ahmedabad, India: Navajivan Publ. House, 1968. 28-30. Print.

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The Khadi movement, which formed part of the larger swadeshi movement, employed the symbol of burning British-made cloth imports in order to manipulate attitudes towards

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of Poland overthrew a Soviet-backed communist government after two decades of peaceful resistance and strikes in 1989, precipitating the downfall of the Soviet Union.

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control. Gandhi was opposed to the partaking of meat, alcohol, stimulants, salt and most spices, and also eliminated different types of cooking from the food he ate.

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Mia Mahmudur Rahim; Sanjaya Kuruppu (2016). "Corporate Governance in India: The Potential for Ghandism". In Ngwu, Franklin; Onyeka, Osuji; Frank, Stephen (eds.).

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Gandhi also used the fasts as a penance, blaming himself for inciting Chauri Chaura and the divisive communal politics of both 1932 and 1947, especially the

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imports to demonstrate his vision of an independent India which did not rely on foreign influence. He focused on persuading all members of the

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The clothing policy was designed as a protest against the economic policies of the colonial government. Ever since the direct establishment of

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Tolstoy Farm was Gandhi's experiment of his utopian political economy - later to be called 'Gram Swaraj'. One key source of this concept was

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page 388, The collected works of Mahatma Gandhi, by Gandhi (Mahatma), India. Ministry of Information and Broadcasting. Publications Division

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arrived at are not final. I may change them tomorrow. I have nothing new to teach the world. Truth and non-violence are as old as the hills.

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Despite his belief in Hinduism, Gandhi was also critical of many of the social practices of Hindus and sought to reform the religion.

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Bandopadhaya, Sailesh Kumar. "The "Quit India" Resolution." My non-violence. Ahmedabad: Navajivan Pub. House, 1960. 183-205. Print.

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Mohatma Gandhi, (1957) An autobiography: The story of my experiments with truth (M. H. Desai Trans.). Beacon Press. pp. 24–25

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is a term meaning 'universal uplift' or 'progress of all'. It was coined by Gandhi in 1908 as a title for his translation of

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M. K. Gandhi, All Men Are Brothers: Life and Thoughts of Mahatma Gandhi as told in his own words, Paris, UNESCO 1958, p 60.

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These dual positions on the topic of the partition of India opened Gandhi up to criticism from both Hindus and Muslims.

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Satyagraha is formed by two Sanskrit words Satya (truth) and Agraha (seek/desire). The term was popularised during the

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A Comprehensive, Annotated Bibliography on Mahatma Gandhi:Biographies, Works by Gandhi, and Bibliographical Sources

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Gandhi was critical of the hypocrisy in organised religion, rather than the principles on which they were based.

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Nehru also pushed through major legislation that granted legal rights and freedoms to Indian women, and outlawed

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Gandhi believed that at the core of every religion was truth (satya), non-violence (ahimsa) and the Golden Rule.

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by the colonial government was a source of condemnation and intense anger for many Indians. Economists, such as

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Mahatma Gandhi and comparative religion – Page 54, by K.L. Seshagiri Rao – Biography & Autobiography – 1990

1632: 6643: 6612: 4982: 4493: 2320: 890: 827:(ANC). From the 1950s, the ANC organised non-violent civil disobedience akin to the campaign advanced by the 2245:"Speech on the Eve of the Last Fast." Famous Speeches by Mahatma Gandhi. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 March 2014. < 6663: 6319: 5670: 5277: 5052: 4921: 3335: 2949: 2584: 737: 417: 210: 116: 95:, who was not yet the famous campaigner and social reformer that he would later become. Salt's first work, 729:

and many different kinds of social discrimination, in the face of strong opposition from orthodox Hindus.

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and equality reached the masses and the downtrodden. Sarvodaya workers associated with Vinoba, including

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can mean either an individual who follows, or a specific philosophy which is attributed to, Gandhism.

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which he described and justified as "a necessary evil" and which would lead to the bloody and deadly

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Gandhi's residence in South Africa itself sought inspiration from another Western literary figure -

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J. Wentzel Vrede van Huyssteen et al. (2003), Encyclopedia of Science and Religion, Thomson Gale,

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Gandhi described his religious beliefs as being rooted in Hinduism as well and the Bhagavad Gita:

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Gandhi also adopted the clothing style of most Indians in the early 20th century. His adoption of

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and his contemporary fellow-travelers condemned Gandhi for undermining Muslim political rights.

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reform. In 1907, Thoreau's name first appeared in the journal that Gandhi was then editing,

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and the Japanese militarists, Gandhi took on an offensive in civil resistance, called the

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Hardiman, David (2011). "Gandhi's Global Legacy". In Judith Brown; Anthony Parel (eds.).

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The Vaishnavas of Gujarat: Being a study of methods of investigation of social phenomena

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Parel, Anthony (2011). "Gandhi and the State". In Judith Brown; Anthony Parel (eds.).

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used the term to refer to the struggle of post-independence Gandhians to ensure that

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Nanda, B. R. (21 October 2004). "Twelve Abdul Ghaffar Khan: the 'Frontier Gandhi'".

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Gandhi said:- "The truth is far more powerful than any weapon of mass destruction."

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Africa. The philosophy of Ruskin urged Gandhi to translate this work into Gujarati.

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and in 1947, when he wanted to stop the bloodshed between Hindus and Muslims in

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is a body of ideas that describes the inspiration, vision, and the life work of

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The Essential Gandhi: An Anthology of His Writings on His Life, Work, and Ideas

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The Essential Gandhi: An Anthology of His Writings on His Life, Work, and Ideas

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The Essential Gandhi: An Anthology of His Writings on His Life, Work, and Ideas

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The Essential Gandhi: An Anthology of His Writings on His Life, Work, and Ideas

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of 1962, though his wartime policy is said to have been influenced by Gandhian

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which applied these philosophies to the question of British involvement in the

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In 1918, Mahatma Gandhi issued two public appeals for Indians to enlist in the

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Gandhi disliked having a cult following, and was averse to being addressed as

483:. In the end, Gandhi and Ambedkar both made some concessions to negotiate the 6693: 6404: 6329: 6294: 6254: 6169: 6139: 6129: 6114: 6001: 5971: 5951: 5680: 5217: 4926: 4911: 4901: 4886: 4836: 4791: 4751: 4686: 4681: 4651: 4518: 4458: 4400: 4124: 3938: 3793: 3778: 3763: 3546: 3541: 3410: 3360: 3355: 3144: 3139: 3083: 3063: 2939: 2661: 2324: 2214: 1936:"Mahatma Gandhi guided my conscience during Solidarity movement: Lech Walesa" 714:

in South Africa. Nehru refused to align with either the United States or the

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Gandhi's religious views are reflected in the hymns his group often sang:

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KN Tiwari (1998), Classical Indian Ethical Thought, Motilal Banarsidass,

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However, Gandhi did not approve of the term "Gandhism". As he explained:

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Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King Jr: the power of nonviolent action

1751:

Encyclopaedia of Indian philosophy by Vraj Kumar Pandey – History – 2007

1044:, and is thus a source of criticism from across the political spectrum. 732:

Not all of Nehru's policies were Gandhian. Nehru refused to condemn the

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Later in his life when he was asked whether he was a Hindu, he replied:

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were the inspired Word of God? If they were inspired, why not also the

484: 204: 337:. Homer Jack notes in his reprint of this article, "To Every Briton" ( 50:. It is particularly associated with his contributions to the idea of 6444: 6339: 6299: 6274: 6209: 5871: 5861: 5761: 5222: 5172: 4936: 4811: 4538: 4309: 4233: 4140: 4114: 4034: 3048: 2810: 2805: 2700: 2056: 833: 782: 644: 635: 397: 127:, where Gandhi called Thoreau's logic 'incisive' and 'unanswerable'. 3873: 615:

Call them Vishnava, those who understand the sufferings of others...

108:, who had a profound impact on Gandhi. Although Thoreau's 1854 book 5806: 5147: 4623: 4349: 4319: 4278: 4273: 4039: 4014: 3189: 3011: 2968: 2752: 1149: 1041: 845: 765: 695: 601: 525: 517: 360: 234: 1089:

However, as Homer Jack notes of Gandhi's long correspondence with

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Soon after his arrival in London, he came under the influence of

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and, therefore, people should arm themselves for self-defense."

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The Gandhi reader : a source book of his life and writings

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Trustworthiness, by Bruce Glassman – Juvenile Nonfiction – 2008

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Trustworthiness by Bruce Glassman – Juvenile Nonfiction – 2008

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when he wanted to stop all revolutionary activities after the

88:

position on various religious, social, and political affairs.

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and his allies condemned Gandhi, accusing him of politically

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Inclusive Economics: Gandhian Method and Contemporary Policy

2354:, by Mark Shepard. Published by Shepard Publications, 1987. 542:

He professed the philosophy of Hindu Universalism (also see

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Gandhi in His Time and Ours: The Global Legacy of His Ideas

1911:"Steven Bantu Biko | AFR 110: Intro to Contemporary Africa" 1347:, Sanskrit English Dictionary, Asian Educational Services, 622: 413:

and lawyers in Congress with the mass of Indian peasantry.

1467:. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 239–254. 1442:. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 154–170. 975:, an English-language journal published since 1957 by the 373:/import substitution, rather than generating exports like 2264:, Louis Fischer, ed., 2002 (reprint edition) pp. 106–108. 1066:

as it contradicted his vision of religious unity. Of the

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Gandhian Trusteeship as an "Instrument of Human Dignity"

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The Gandhi Reader: A Sourcebook of His Life and Writings

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Corporate Governance in Developing and Emerging Markets

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and enforced the colonial monopoly on the salt market.

114:

could as well have moved Gandhi, it was his 1849 essay

1660:. Calcutta: Longmans, Green, and Co, LTD. p. 279. 1552:. Eugene, Oregon: Wipf and Stock Publishers. pp. 284:"It has always been easier to destroy than to create". 5023:

The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction

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Gandhi today: a report on Mahatma Gandhi's successors

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Louis Fischer, ed., 2002 (reprint edition) pp. 308–9.

1886:"Nelson Mandela's Umbilical Bond with Mahatma Gandhi" 1579:

Rule, Protest, Identity: Aspects of Modern South Asia

897: 2343:, Louis Fischer, ed., 2002 (reprint edition) p. 311. 2304:"The life and death of Mahatma Gandhi", on BBC News 752:

Nehru's two biggest failures are thought to be: The

405:to spend some time each day hand-spinning on their 2500: 2395: 950:Jewish Gandhians include Gandhi's close associate 912:, claiming that he was not a perfect human being. 1525:. London: The Macmillan Press, LTD. p. 156. 1260:The Virtue of Nonviolence: From Gautama to Gandhi 858:, a young Christian minister and a leader of the 6691: 5276: 1623:(Rev ed.). New York: Grove Press. pp. 1282:Gwilym Beckerlegge, World religions reader, 2001 1257: 1238:Gandhism and communism: Principles and technique 768:. In this instance, it led to the defeat of the 229:The pivotal and defining element of Gandhism is 1617:Gandhi, Mahatma (1994) . Homer, Jack A. (ed.). 1604:Mahatma Gandhi at Work: His Own Story Continued 327:On 6 July 1940, Gandhi published an article in 2437:. Navajivan Publishing House. ASIN B0006CDLA8. 1823:Gandhi, Mohandas (13 July 1946). "The Means". 1781:, Subhadra Sen Gupta, Pratham Books, 2008. P.5 1602:Gandhi, Mohandas (2019). Andrews, C.F. (ed.). 1010:and urging the return to ancient, precolonial 965: 600:"Yes I am. I am also a Christian, a Muslim, a 237:word for truth. It also refers to a virtue in 5262: 3889: 2585: 2083:"6g. Abdul Ghaffar Khan: the Frontier Gandhi" 1968:, Oxford University Press, pp. 247–253, 1747: 1745: 1398:Nonviolence By Senthil Ram, Ralph Summy, 2007 4131: 4085: 4071: 2247:http://www.mkgandhi.org/speeches/evelast.htm 1098:in the districts having a Muslim majority." 1021: 2383:Vintage: New York, 2002. (reprint edition) 2307:, see section "Independence and partition." 2058:In Search of Gandhi: Essays and Reflections 1113:Muslims while turning a blind eye to their 142:. In Gandhian thought, Tolstoy's 1894 book 5777:Hindustan Socialist Republican Association 5269: 5255: 3896: 3882: 2592: 2578: 1791:Singh, Dr Mahesh Kumar (22 January 2022). 1742: 1576: 1520: 935:There have been Muslim Gandhians, such as 6720:Political positions of Indian politicians 2498: 2222: 1974:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195672039.003.0028 2196: 1462: 915:In 1942, while he had already condemned 20: 16:Body of ideas inspired by Mahatma Gandhi 2465:. Deep and Deep Publications Pvt. Ltd. 2432: 1655: 1545: 1047: 6692: 3824:Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Centre, Matale 2876:The Story of My Experiments with Truth 2540:Relevance of Gandhism in Modern Polity 2460: 1822: 1807: 1616: 1601: 1505: 1490: 365:Gandhi espoused an economic theory of 273:The Story of My Experiments with Truth 247: 5250: 3903: 3877: 2573: 2479: 2054: 1959: 1790: 1508:The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi 1493:The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi 1486: 1484: 1437: 1433: 1431: 1068:partition of India to create Pakistan 962:is a notable Gandhian in Bangladesh. 686:Nehru's foreign policy was staunchly 2441: 2393: 1329: 1291: 1054:Opposition to the partition of India 889:was put under house arrest, and her 460:Hindus would politically divide the 3819:Mahatma Gandhi Marine National Park 2503:Timeless Inspirator-Reliving Gandhi 2199:"Spinning for India's independence" 2108:Nonviolent action: a research guide 2106:Ronald M. McCarthy and Gene Sharp, 1794:The Humanistic Philosophy of Gandhi 1577:Robb, Peter; Taylor, David (1978). 1549:Hindu Wisdom for All God's Children 1120:His refusal to protest against the 13: 2599: 2482:Gandhi, Gandhism and the Gandhians 2121:Consider India: An Essay in Values 2048: 1481: 1428: 1375: 1338: 1227: 14: 6741: 3723:International Day of Non-Violence 3620:National Salt Satyagraha Memorial 2523: 2152:Greenwood Publishing Group, 1995 2136:(UNESCO Publishing, 1999), p. 183 1866:. London: Victor Gollanz. p. 59. 1465:The Cambridge Companion to Gandhi 1440:The Cambridge Companion to Gandhi 787:Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 5471:Muslim nationalism in South Asia 5093:The Closing of the American Mind 5013:Civilization and Its Discontents 4993:A Vindication of Natural Society 2994:The Kingdom of God Is Within You 1960:Nanda, B. R. (21 October 2004), 958:. Bangladeshi writer, columnist 629: 275:. He was quoted as saying that: 145:The Kingdom of God Is Within You 5711:Provisional Government of India 3789:Gandhi Memorial Museum, Madurai 3306:Indian currency (Gandhi Series, 2435:Relevance of Gandhian economics 2330: 2310: 2298: 2283: 2267: 2251: 2239: 2190: 2181: 2172: 2163: 2139: 2126: 2113: 2100: 2075: 2030: 2021: 1996: 1953: 1928: 1903: 1878: 1856: 1831: 1816: 1801: 1797:. K.K. Publications. p. 7. 1784: 1772: 1763: 1754: 1707: 1692: 1677: 1664: 1649: 1610: 1595: 1570: 1539: 1514: 1499: 1456: 1419: 1410: 1401: 1032:Assassination of Mahatma Gandhi 456:giving separate electorates to 6710:Eponymous political ideologies 3301:Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith 2862:Hind Swaraj (Indian Home Rule) 2555:Gandhian economics is relevant 2550:Review of "Gandhian economics" 2446:. Sage Publications Pvt. Ltd. 2317:Mahatma Gandhi on Bhagat Singh 1862:Smith, William Edgett (1973). 1392: 1358: 1323: 1316:Gandhi, MK (26 October 1907). 1310: 1285: 1276: 1251: 416:Many prominent figures of the 82: 1: 4983:Oration on the Dignity of Man 3318:Indian 10 Rupee postage stamp 2694:Second Round Table Conference 2369: 1581:. Curzon Press. p. 121. 1521:Chatterjee, Margaret (1983). 891:National League for Democracy 702:in the United States and the 452:when he feared that the 1932 196: 6715:Hindu philosophical concepts 6320:Muhammad Mian Mansoor Ansari 5596:Chauri Chaura incident, 1922 5278:Indian independence movement 5053:The Society of the Spectacle 2728:Gujarat Vidyapith University 2642:Indian independence movement 2530:Gandhian Philosophy in Short 1546:Clooney, Francis X. (2005). 1006:British goods and rejecting 954:. Atheist Gandhians include 930: 656:. Later, nonviolence leader 418:Indian independence movement 350: 211:Indian Independence Movement 7: 6510:Virendranath Chattopadhyaya 5897:Gazulu Lakshminarasu Chetty 3834:Mohandas Gandhi High School 3416:Leela (great-granddaughter) 3215:Chakravarti Rajagopalachari 2123:(London: Asia, 1961), p. 73 1262:. SUNY Press. p. 222. 1163: 966:Promotion of Gandhian ideas 497: 10: 6746: 6245:Kanaiyalal Maneklal Munshi 5797:Indian Independence League 5514:Partition of Bengal (1947) 5509:Partition of Bengal (1905) 3336:Karamchand Gandhi (father) 3057:Raghupati Raghava Raja Ram 2499:Mashelkar, Ramesh (2010). 2197:Brown, TM; Fee, E (2008). 1843:kinginstitute.stanford.edu 1523:Gandhi's Religious Thought 1330:Guha, Ramachandra (2012). 1292:Guha, Ramachandra (2013). 1240:. New Delhi: J. Prakashan. 1051: 1025: 780: 776: 633: 619:Raghupati Raghava Raja Ram 507: 501: 427: 354: 251: 202: 6636: 6535: 6420:Sibghatullah Shah Rashidi 6220:Inayatullah Khan Mashriqi 6040: 5917:Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar 5837: 5792:Indian Home Rule movement 5734: 5631:Fourteen Points of Jinnah 5571:Jallianwala Bagh massacre 5499: 5436: 5284: 5231: 5135: 5123:Intellectuals and Society 5073:The Culture of Narcissism 4964: 4632: 4424: 4373: 4302: 4216: 4209: 4149: 3911: 3741: 3710: 3599: 3590: 3424: 3326: 3268: 3092: 2914: 2844: 2771: 2607: 2560:Gandhism and Buddhism PDF 2433:Narayan, Shriman (1970). 2038:"Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan" 1962:"Gandhi and Non-violence" 1808:Gandhi, Rajmohan (1997). 1506:Gandhi, Mohandas (1965). 1491:Gandhi, Mohandas (1965). 1258:Nicholas F. Gier (2004). 1115:atrocities against Hindus 1022:Criticism and controversy 825:African National Congress 712:African National Congress 6705:Anti-imperialism in Asia 6659:Indian annexation of Goa 6505:Vinayak Damodar Savarkar 6017:Vinayak Damodar Savarkar 5782:Indian National Congress 5581:Non-cooperation movement 5113:The Malaise of Modernity 5063:The History of Sexuality 4162:Catholic social teaching 3849:Roads named after Gandhi 3165:Umar Hajee Ahmed Jhaveri 2647:Non-cooperation movement 2215:10.2105/AJPH.2007.120139 1244: 1107:Vinayak Damodar Savarkar 997:taxes on salt production 898:"Without truth, nothing" 829:Indian National Congress 581:He then went on to say: 403:Indian National Congress 384: 224: 97:A plea for vegetarianism 54:, sometimes also called 38:Indian National Congress 6664:Indian Independence Act 6250:Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan 6225:Jatindra Mohan Sengupta 6195:Dukkipati Nageswara Rao 5932:Kandukuri Veeresalingam 5912:Gopaldas Ambaidas Desai 5747:All-India Muslim League 5701:Royal Air Force strikes 5666:Round table conferences 5656:Chittagong armoury raid 5546:Hindu–German Conspiracy 5529:Delhi-Lahore Conspiracy 5299:Porto Grande de Bengala 5193:Philosophy of education 3477:Gopaldas Ambaidas Desai 3411:Tushar (great-grandson) 3391:Gopalkrishna (grandson) 3291:Gandhi Peace Foundation 3130:Brij Krishna Chandiwala 2484:. Roli Books Pvt. Ltd. 2442:Pani, Narendar (2002). 977:Gandhi Peace Foundation 718:, and helped found the 704:anti-apartheid struggle 677:Prime Minister of India 26:Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan 6450:Syama Prasad Mukherjee 6355:Purushottam Das Tandon 5721:Praja Mandala movement 5535:The Indian Sociologist 4132: 4086: 4072: 3839:National Gandhi Museum 3814:Mahatma Gandhi College 3799:Gandhi Temple, Bhatara 3733:Season for Nonviolence 3532:Maria Lacerda de Moura 3527:Martin Luther King Jr. 2906:Gandhi Heritage Portal 2738:India ashrams (Kochrab 2652:Chauri Chaura incident 2617:Indian Ambulance Corps 2480:Weber, Thomas (2006). 2087:contensis.uwaterloo.ca 1656:Thoothi, N.A. (1938). 1191:Martin Luther King Jr. 1058:As a rule, Gandhi was 948:Martin Luther King Jr. 856:Martin Luther King Jr. 799:of the United States, 797:Martin Luther King Jr. 447:Chauri Chaura incident 213:, and is used in many 76: 40: 6674:Political integration 6415:Shyamji Krishna Varma 6200:Gopal Krishna Gokhale 6145:Bhupendra Kumar Datta 5977:Rettamalai Srinivasan 5937:Mahadev Govind Ranade 5742:All India Kisan Sabha 5706:Coup d'état of Yanaon 5606:Qissa Khwani massacre 5591:Coolie-Begar movement 5406:Second Anglo-Sikh War 5198:Philosophy of history 5188:Philosophy of culture 5083:A Conflict of Visions 3396:Ramchandra (grandson) 3240:Rettamalai Srinivasan 3230:Anugrah Narayan Sinha 3000:The Masque of Anarchy 2784:Composite nationalism 2779:Practices and beliefs 2711:Natal Indian Congress 2132:Mary Elizabeth King, 1726:10.4324/9781315666020 1206:Nonviolent resistance 869:1964 Civil Rights Act 860:civil rights movement 791:Civil Rights Movement 700:Civil rights movement 502:Further information: 71: 52:nonviolent resistance 24: 6500:Veeran Sundaralingam 6455:Tara Rani Srivastava 6390:Sahajanand Saraswati 6280:Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi 6165:Chandra Shekhar Azad 6070:Alluri Sitarama Raju 6027:Vitthal Ramji Shinde 5982:Sahajanand Saraswati 5902:Gopal Ganesh Agarkar 5802:Indian National Army 5646:Dharasana Satyagraha 5551:Champaran Satyagraha 5401:First Anglo-Sikh War 5203:Political philosophy 5003:Democracy in America 3260:Kishorlal Mashruwala 3049:Gandhi's translation 2674:Dharasana Satyagraha 2632:Champaran Satyagraha 2507:. Sakal Papers Ltd. 2394:Jack, Homer (1956). 2061:. pp. 107–123. 1080:as put forth by the 1048:Concept of partition 720:Non-Aligned Movement 666:Jaya Prakash Narayan 177:there is mention of 6485:V. K. Krishna Menon 6430:Subhas Chandra Bose 6315:Muhammad Ali Jinnah 6310:Mohammad Ali Jauhar 6205:Govind Ballabh Pant 6185:Dayananda Saraswati 6110:Bal Gangadhar Tilak 5907:Gopal Hari Deshmukh 5887:Dhondo Keshav Karve 5882:Dayananda Saraswati 5877:Bal Gangadhar Tilak 5852:A. Vaidyanatha Iyer 5365:Anglo-Maratha Wars 5043:One-Dimensional Man 3804:Kaba Gandhi No Delo 3512:Lal Bahadur Shastri 3482:Govind Vallabh Pant 3386:Rajmohan (grandson) 3381:Ela (granddaughter) 3276:Artistic depictions 3135:Sudhakar Chaturvedi 3032:Henry Stephens Salt 3017:Sermon on the Mount 2946:Henry David Thoreau 2923:A Letter to a Hindu 2733:Harijan Sevak Sangh 2565:Studies in Gandhism 2461:Sharma, R. (1997). 2323:9 December 2012 at 1966:In Search of Gandhi 1864:Nyerere of Tanzania 1332:Gandhi before India 1294:Gandhi before India 1103:Muhammad Ali Jinnah 1076:on 6 October 1946: 945:civil rights leader 925:Quit India Movement 738:invasion of Hungary 295:British Indian Army 262:Henry David Thoreau 248:Pacifism and Ahimsa 136:A letter to a Hindu 106:Henry David Thoreau 102:Gandhi before India 93:Henry Stephens Salt 6669:Partition of India 6515:Yashwantrao Holkar 6480:V. O. Chidamabaram 6435:Subramania Bharati 6365:Rahul Sankrityayan 6350:Pritilata Waddedar 6260:Shri Krishna Singh 6160:C. Rajagopalachari 6150:Bidhan Chandra Roy 6135:Bhavabhushan Mitra 6120:Begum Hazrat Mahal 6075:Annapurna Maharana 5947:Muthulakshmi Reddy 5892:G. Subramania Iyer 5586:Christmas Day Plot 5461:Indian nationalism 5411:Sannyasi rebellion 5309:East India Company 5163:Cultural pessimism 5158:Cultural criticism 4057:National character 3457:C. Rajagopalachari 3452:Brajkishore Prasad 3447:Abdul Ghaffar Khan 3406:Kanu (grandnephew) 3309:Gandhi New Series, 3296:Gandhi Peace Prize 3286:Gandhi Peace Award 3180:Abdul Ghaffar Khan 3175:Hermann Kallenbach 3150:Dada Dharmadhikari 3027:Shrimad Rajchandra 2959:Civil disobedience 2951:Civil Disobedience 2627:Bardoli Satyagraha 2463:Gandhian economics 2203:Am J Public Health 2119:Horace Alexander, 1216:Tolstoyan movement 1158:Hindu-Moslem riots 1148:Gandhi's ideas of 1062:to the concept of 1028:Partition of India 952:Hermann Kallenbach 937:Abdul Ghaffar Khan 754:Partition of India 670:Dada Dharmadhikari 662:self-determination 625:or God or Allah... 504:Hindu–Muslim unity 492:Partition of India 357:Gandhian economics 318:Nishkulanand Swami 314:Ashram Bhajanavali 154:Civil Disobedience 117:Civil Disobedience 48:Mohandas K. Gandhi 41: 30:Khudai Khidmatgars 6687: 6686: 6654:Republic of India 6490:Vallabhbhai Patel 6475:Ubaidullah Sindhi 6375:Ram Prasad Bismil 6270:M. Bhaktavatsalam 6230:Jatindra Nath Das 6155:Bipin Chandra Pal 6090:Babu Kunwar Singh 6060:Achyut Patwardhan 5817:Khudai Khidmatgar 5661:Gandhi–Irwin Pact 5601:Kakori conspiracy 5561:Rowlatt Committee 5524:Direct Action Day 5486:Swadeshi movement 5466:Khilafat Movement 5456:Hindu nationalism 5416:Rebellion of 1857 5339:Anglo-Mysore Wars 5329:Battle of Plassey 5244: 5243: 4960: 4959: 4105:Spontaneous order 4095:Social alienation 3944:Cultural heritage 3905:Social philosophy 3871: 3870: 3867: 3866: 3650:Parliament Square 3582:Vallabhbhai Patel 3371:Samaldas (nephew) 3366:Maganlal (cousin) 3235:Sri Krishna Sinha 3200:Vallabhbhai Patel 3185:Acharya Kripalani 3160:Shiv Prasad Gupta 3115:Shankarlal Banker 3078:Vaishnava Jana To 2896:Seven Social Sins 2689:Gandhi–Irwin Pact 2679:Vaikom Satyagraha 2514:978-93-8057-148-5 2472:978-81-7100-986-2 2453:978-0-7619-9580-7 2416:Hardiman, David. 2292:The Gandhi Reader 2146:Ananda M. Pandiri 2068:978-0-19-908141-7 1983:978-0-19-567203-9 1779:A Man Called Bapu 1672:The Gandhi Reader 1532:978-1-349-05367-4 1474:978-0-521-11670-1 1449:978-0-521-11670-1 1303:978-9-351-18322-8 1269:978-0-7914-5949-2 811:of South Africa, 339:The Gandhi Reader 6737: 6679:Simla Conference 6470:Tiruppur Kumaran 6440:Subramaniya Siva 6395:Sangolli Rayanna 6385:Rash Behari Bose 6325:Nagnath Naikwadi 6235:Jawaharlal Nehru 6180:Dadabhai Naoroji 6175:Chittaranjan Das 6065:A. K. Fazlul Huq 5987:Savitribai Phule 5812:Khaksar movement 5767:Berlin Committee 5752:Anushilan Samiti 5716:Independence Day 5676:Aundh Experiment 5651:Vedaranyam March 5556:Kheda Satyagraha 5541:Singapore Mutiny 5324:Portuguese India 5271: 5264: 5257: 5248: 5247: 5208:Social criticism 5128: 5118: 5108: 5098: 5088: 5078: 5068: 5058: 5048: 5038: 5028: 5018: 5008: 4998: 4988: 4978: 4214: 4213: 4196:Frankfurt School 4174:Communitarianism 4137: 4091: 4077: 3898: 3891: 3884: 3875: 3874: 3859:Satyagraha House 3854:Sabarmati Ashram 3774:Gandhi Promenade 3700:Washington, D.C. 3655:Tavistock Square 3640:Pietermaritzburg 3597: 3596: 3502:Jawaharlal Nehru 3437:Aung San Suu Kyi 3255:Ravishankar Vyas 3220:Bibi Amtus Salam 2984:Parsee Rustomjee 2684:Aundh Experiment 2637:Kheda Satyagraha 2594: 2587: 2580: 2571: 2570: 2518: 2506: 2495: 2476: 2457: 2438: 2413: 2401: 2376:Fischer, Louis. 2344: 2334: 2328: 2314: 2308: 2302: 2296: 2287: 2281: 2271: 2265: 2255: 2249: 2243: 2237: 2236: 2226: 2194: 2188: 2185: 2179: 2176: 2170: 2167: 2161: 2143: 2137: 2130: 2124: 2117: 2111: 2104: 2098: 2097: 2095: 2093: 2079: 2073: 2072: 2052: 2046: 2045: 2034: 2028: 2025: 2019: 2018: 2016: 2014: 2008:www.mkgandhi.org 2000: 1994: 1993: 1992: 1990: 1957: 1951: 1950: 1948: 1946: 1932: 1926: 1925: 1923: 1921: 1907: 1901: 1900: 1898: 1896: 1882: 1876: 1860: 1854: 1853: 1851: 1849: 1835: 1829: 1828: 1820: 1814: 1813: 1812:. Penguin India. 1805: 1799: 1798: 1788: 1782: 1776: 1770: 1767: 1761: 1758: 1752: 1749: 1740: 1739: 1711: 1705: 1696: 1690: 1681: 1675: 1668: 1662: 1661: 1653: 1647: 1646: 1614: 1608: 1607: 1599: 1593: 1592: 1574: 1568: 1567: 1543: 1537: 1536: 1518: 1512: 1511: 1503: 1497: 1496: 1488: 1479: 1478: 1460: 1454: 1453: 1435: 1426: 1423: 1417: 1414: 1408: 1405: 1399: 1396: 1390: 1379: 1373: 1362: 1356: 1342: 1336: 1335: 1327: 1321: 1314: 1308: 1307: 1289: 1283: 1280: 1274: 1273: 1255: 1176:Civil resistance 1142:Jagdish Bhagwati 960:Syed Abul Maksud 956:Jawaharlal Nehru 941:Horace Alexander 921:Benito Mussolini 887:Aung San Suu Kyi 874:The non-violent 865:Jawaharlal Nehru 817:Aung San Suu Kyi 688:anti-colonialism 681:Jawaharlal Nehru 371:self-sufficiency 335:Second World War 297:to fight in the 239:Indian religions 215:Indian languages 191:Helena Blavatsky 183:Edward Carpenter 179:Giuseppe Mazzini 56:civil resistance 6745: 6744: 6740: 6739: 6738: 6736: 6735: 6734: 6690: 6689: 6688: 6683: 6644:Cabinet Mission 6632: 6536:British leaders 6531: 6520:Yogendra Shukla 6425:Siraj ud-Daulah 6380:Rani Lakshmibai 6370:Rajendra Prasad 6360:R. Venkataraman 6305:Mithuben Petit‎ 6285:Mahadaji Shinde 6265:Lala Lajpat Rai 6100:Bahadur Shah II 6085:Ashfaqulla Khan 6055:Accamma Cherian 6050:Abul Kalam Azad 6042: 6036: 6007:Syed Ahmad Khan 5997:Sister Nivedita 5962:Pandita Ramabai 5957:Niralamba Swami 5922:J. B. Kripalani 5847:Ashfaqulla Khan 5839: 5833: 5772:Ghadar Movement 5730: 5611:Flag Satyagraha 5519:Revolutionaries 5501: 5495: 5438: 5432: 5334:Battle of Buxar 5280: 5275: 5245: 5240: 5227: 5153:Critical theory 5131: 5126: 5116: 5106: 5096: 5086: 5076: 5066: 5056: 5046: 5036: 5026: 5016: 5006: 4996: 4986: 4976: 4956: 4634: 4628: 4426: 4420: 4369: 4298: 4205: 4157:Budapest School 4145: 3934:Cosmopolitanism 3907: 3902: 3872: 3863: 3784:Gandhi Memorial 3759:Gandhi Mandapam 3749:Aga Khan Palace 3737: 3706: 3586: 3557:Rajendra Prasad 3517:Lanza del Vasto 3472:François Bayrou 3462:Eknath Easwaran 3432:14th Dalai Lama 3420: 3401:Kanu (grandson) 3376:Arun (grandson) 3341:Kasturba (wife) 3322: 3264: 3195:Mohanlal Pandya 3170:J. C. Kumarappa 3088: 2910: 2901:Navajivan Trust 2840: 2767: 2609: 2603: 2598: 2535:Gandhian ideals 2526: 2521: 2515: 2492: 2473: 2454: 2410: 2402:. Grove Press. 2372: 2348: 2347: 2335: 2331: 2315: 2311: 2303: 2299: 2288: 2284: 2272: 2268: 2256: 2252: 2244: 2240: 2195: 2191: 2186: 2182: 2177: 2173: 2168: 2164: 2144: 2140: 2131: 2127: 2118: 2114: 2105: 2101: 2091: 2089: 2081: 2080: 2076: 2069: 2053: 2049: 2036: 2035: 2031: 2026: 2022: 2012: 2010: 2002: 2001: 1997: 1988: 1986: 1984: 1958: 1954: 1944: 1942: 1934: 1933: 1929: 1919: 1917: 1909: 1908: 1904: 1894: 1892: 1884: 1883: 1879: 1873: 1861: 1857: 1847: 1845: 1837: 1836: 1832: 1821: 1817: 1806: 1802: 1789: 1785: 1777: 1773: 1768: 1764: 1759: 1755: 1750: 1743: 1736: 1712: 1708: 1697: 1693: 1682: 1678: 1669: 1665: 1654: 1650: 1635: 1615: 1611: 1600: 1596: 1589: 1575: 1571: 1564: 1544: 1540: 1533: 1519: 1515: 1504: 1500: 1489: 1482: 1475: 1461: 1457: 1450: 1436: 1429: 1424: 1420: 1415: 1411: 1406: 1402: 1397: 1393: 1380: 1376: 1363: 1359: 1345:A. A. Macdonell 1343: 1339: 1328: 1324: 1315: 1311: 1304: 1290: 1286: 1281: 1277: 1270: 1256: 1252: 1247: 1230: 1228:Further reading 1225: 1186:Jackie Robinson 1166: 1056: 1050: 1036:Gandhi's rigid 1034: 1024: 1008:Western culture 968: 933: 900: 793: 779: 762:Sino-Indian War 758:Partition riots 638: 632: 613:Vaishnav jan to 528: 506: 500: 430: 387: 363: 355:Main articles: 353: 322:Muktanand Swami 299:First World War 268: 250: 227: 207: 201: 187:Sir Henry Maine 148:sits alongside 85: 17: 12: 11: 5: 6743: 6733: 6732: 6727: 6722: 6717: 6712: 6707: 6702: 6685: 6684: 6682: 6681: 6676: 6671: 6666: 6661: 6656: 6651: 6646: 6640: 6638: 6634: 6633: 6631: 6630: 6625: 6620: 6615: 6610: 6605: 6600: 6595: 6590: 6585: 6580: 6575: 6570: 6565: 6560: 6555: 6550: 6545: 6539: 6537: 6533: 6532: 6530: 6529: 6522: 6517: 6512: 6507: 6502: 6497: 6492: 6487: 6482: 6477: 6472: 6467: 6462: 6460:Tarak Nath Das 6457: 6452: 6447: 6442: 6437: 6432: 6427: 6422: 6417: 6412: 6410:Shuja-ud-Daula 6407: 6402: 6400:Sarojini Naidu 6397: 6392: 6387: 6382: 6377: 6372: 6367: 6362: 6357: 6352: 6347: 6345:Prafulla Chaki 6342: 6337: 6332: 6327: 6322: 6317: 6312: 6307: 6302: 6297: 6292: 6290:Mahatma Gandhi 6287: 6282: 6277: 6272: 6267: 6262: 6257: 6252: 6247: 6242: 6237: 6232: 6227: 6222: 6217: 6212: 6207: 6202: 6197: 6192: 6187: 6182: 6177: 6172: 6167: 6162: 6157: 6152: 6147: 6142: 6137: 6132: 6127: 6122: 6117: 6112: 6107: 6102: 6097: 6092: 6087: 6082: 6077: 6072: 6067: 6062: 6057: 6052: 6046: 6044: 6038: 6037: 6035: 6034: 6029: 6024: 6019: 6014: 6012:Vakkom Moulavi 6009: 6004: 5999: 5994: 5989: 5984: 5979: 5974: 5969: 5964: 5959: 5954: 5949: 5944: 5942:Mahatma Gandhi 5939: 5934: 5929: 5927:Jyotirao Phule 5924: 5919: 5914: 5909: 5904: 5899: 5894: 5889: 5884: 5879: 5874: 5869: 5867:B. R. Ambedkar 5864: 5859: 5857:Ayya Vaikundar 5854: 5849: 5843: 5841: 5835: 5834: 5832: 5831: 5824: 5819: 5814: 5809: 5804: 5799: 5794: 5789: 5784: 5779: 5774: 5769: 5764: 5759: 5754: 5749: 5744: 5738: 5736: 5732: 5731: 5729: 5728: 5723: 5718: 5713: 5708: 5703: 5698: 5693: 5688: 5686:Cripps Mission 5683: 5678: 5673: 5668: 5663: 5658: 5653: 5648: 5643: 5638: 5633: 5628: 5623: 5618: 5613: 5608: 5603: 5598: 5593: 5588: 5583: 5578: 5576:Noakhali riots 5573: 5568: 5563: 5558: 5553: 5548: 5543: 5538: 5531: 5526: 5521: 5516: 5511: 5505: 5503: 5497: 5496: 5494: 5493: 5488: 5483: 5478: 5473: 5468: 5463: 5458: 5453: 5448: 5442: 5440: 5439:and ideologies 5434: 5433: 5431: 5430: 5423: 5421:Radcliffe Line 5418: 5413: 5408: 5403: 5398: 5396:Vellore Mutiny 5393: 5388: 5387: 5386: 5381: 5376: 5371: 5363: 5362: 5361: 5356: 5351: 5346: 5336: 5331: 5326: 5321: 5316: 5311: 5306: 5301: 5296: 5290: 5288: 5282: 5281: 5274: 5273: 5266: 5259: 5251: 5242: 5241: 5239: 5238: 5232: 5229: 5228: 5226: 5225: 5220: 5215: 5213:Social science 5210: 5205: 5200: 5195: 5190: 5185: 5180: 5175: 5170: 5165: 5160: 5155: 5150: 5145: 5139: 5137: 5133: 5132: 5130: 5129: 5119: 5109: 5103:Gender Trouble 5099: 5089: 5079: 5069: 5059: 5049: 5039: 5033:The Second Sex 5029: 5019: 5009: 4999: 4989: 4979: 4968: 4966: 4962: 4961: 4958: 4957: 4955: 4954: 4949: 4944: 4939: 4934: 4929: 4924: 4919: 4914: 4909: 4904: 4899: 4894: 4889: 4884: 4879: 4874: 4869: 4864: 4859: 4854: 4849: 4844: 4839: 4834: 4829: 4824: 4819: 4814: 4809: 4804: 4799: 4794: 4789: 4784: 4779: 4774: 4769: 4764: 4759: 4754: 4749: 4744: 4739: 4734: 4729: 4724: 4719: 4714: 4709: 4704: 4699: 4694: 4689: 4684: 4679: 4674: 4669: 4664: 4659: 4654: 4649: 4644: 4638: 4636: 4630: 4629: 4627: 4626: 4621: 4616: 4611: 4606: 4601: 4596: 4591: 4586: 4581: 4576: 4571: 4566: 4561: 4556: 4551: 4546: 4541: 4536: 4531: 4526: 4521: 4516: 4511: 4506: 4501: 4496: 4491: 4486: 4481: 4476: 4471: 4466: 4461: 4456: 4451: 4446: 4441: 4436: 4430: 4428: 4422: 4421: 4419: 4418: 4413: 4408: 4403: 4398: 4393: 4388: 4383: 4377: 4375: 4371: 4370: 4368: 4367: 4362: 4357: 4352: 4347: 4342: 4337: 4332: 4327: 4322: 4317: 4312: 4306: 4304: 4300: 4299: 4297: 4296: 4291: 4286: 4281: 4276: 4271: 4266: 4261: 4256: 4251: 4246: 4241: 4236: 4231: 4226: 4220: 4218: 4211: 4207: 4206: 4204: 4203: 4198: 4193: 4192: 4191: 4181: 4176: 4171: 4170: 4169: 4159: 4153: 4151: 4147: 4146: 4144: 4143: 4138: 4129: 4128: 4127: 4117: 4112: 4107: 4102: 4097: 4092: 4083: 4078: 4069: 4064: 4059: 4054: 4049: 4048: 4047: 4037: 4032: 4027: 4025:Invisible hand 4022: 4017: 4012: 4011: 4010: 4000: 3995: 3990: 3985: 3980: 3979: 3978: 3968: 3967: 3966: 3961: 3956: 3946: 3941: 3936: 3931: 3926: 3921: 3915: 3913: 3909: 3908: 3901: 3900: 3893: 3886: 3878: 3869: 3868: 3865: 3864: 3862: 3861: 3856: 3851: 3846: 3841: 3836: 3831: 3826: 3821: 3816: 3811: 3806: 3801: 3796: 3791: 3786: 3781: 3776: 3771: 3766: 3761: 3756: 3751: 3745: 3743: 3739: 3738: 3736: 3735: 3730: 3725: 3720: 3718:Gandhi Jayanti 3714: 3712: 3708: 3707: 3705: 3704: 3703: 3702: 3697: 3692: 3687: 3682: 3677: 3672: 3667: 3659: 3658: 3657: 3652: 3644: 3643: 3642: 3637: 3629: 3628: 3627: 3622: 3617: 3609: 3603: 3601: 3594: 3588: 3587: 3585: 3584: 3579: 3574: 3569: 3564: 3559: 3554: 3552:Nelson Mandela 3549: 3544: 3539: 3537:Mehdi Bazargan 3534: 3529: 3524: 3519: 3514: 3509: 3507:Joan Bondurant 3504: 3499: 3494: 3489: 3484: 3479: 3474: 3469: 3467:Draupadi Murmu 3464: 3459: 3454: 3449: 3444: 3439: 3434: 3428: 3426: 3422: 3421: 3419: 3418: 3413: 3408: 3403: 3398: 3393: 3388: 3383: 3378: 3373: 3368: 3363: 3358: 3353: 3348: 3343: 3338: 3332: 3330: 3324: 3323: 3321: 3320: 3315: 3303: 3298: 3293: 3288: 3283: 3278: 3272: 3270: 3266: 3265: 3263: 3262: 3257: 3252: 3247: 3245:V. A. Sundaram 3242: 3237: 3232: 3227: 3225:Sonja Schlesin 3222: 3217: 3212: 3210:Mithuben Petit 3207: 3205:Narhari Parikh 3202: 3197: 3192: 3187: 3182: 3177: 3172: 3167: 3162: 3157: 3152: 3147: 3142: 3137: 3132: 3127: 3122: 3117: 3112: 3110:Jamnalal Bajaj 3107: 3102: 3096: 3094: 3090: 3089: 3087: 3086: 3081: 3074: 3071:Hari Tuma Haro 3067: 3060: 3053: 3052: 3051: 3043:Unto This Last 3039: 3034: 3029: 3024: 3019: 3014: 3009: 3004: 2986: 2981: 2976: 2971: 2966: 2961: 2956: 2943: 2936: 2926: 2918: 2916: 2912: 2911: 2909: 2908: 2903: 2898: 2893: 2886: 2883:Mangal Prabhat 2879: 2872: 2869:Indian Opinion 2865: 2858: 2850: 2848: 2842: 2841: 2839: 2838: 2833: 2828: 2823: 2818: 2813: 2808: 2803: 2802: 2801: 2791: 2786: 2781: 2775: 2773: 2769: 2768: 2766: 2765: 2760: 2755: 2750: 2745: 2740: 2735: 2730: 2725: 2724: 2723: 2713: 2708: 2703: 2698: 2697: 2696: 2686: 2681: 2676: 2671: 2666: 2665: 2664: 2654: 2649: 2644: 2639: 2634: 2629: 2624: 2619: 2613: 2611: 2605: 2604: 2601:Mahatma Gandhi 2597: 2596: 2589: 2582: 2574: 2568: 2567: 2562: 2557: 2552: 2547: 2542: 2537: 2532: 2525: 2524:External links 2522: 2520: 2519: 2513: 2496: 2490: 2477: 2471: 2458: 2452: 2439: 2430: 2428: 2414: 2408: 2391: 2373: 2371: 2368: 2367: 2366: 2346: 2345: 2329: 2309: 2297: 2282: 2266: 2250: 2238: 2189: 2180: 2171: 2162: 2138: 2125: 2112: 2099: 2074: 2067: 2047: 2029: 2020: 1995: 1982: 1952: 1927: 1902: 1877: 1871: 1855: 1830: 1815: 1810:Rajaji, A life 1800: 1783: 1771: 1762: 1753: 1741: 1734: 1706: 1691: 1676: 1663: 1648: 1633: 1609: 1594: 1588:978-0391008663 1587: 1569: 1562: 1538: 1531: 1513: 1498: 1480: 1473: 1455: 1448: 1427: 1418: 1409: 1400: 1391: 1387:978-8120816077 1374: 1357: 1355:, page 330-331 1353:978-8120617797 1337: 1322: 1318:Indian Opinion 1309: 1302: 1296:. Allen Lane. 1284: 1275: 1268: 1249: 1248: 1246: 1243: 1242: 1241: 1229: 1226: 1224: 1223: 1218: 1213: 1208: 1203: 1201:Nelson Mandela 1198: 1193: 1188: 1183: 1178: 1173: 1167: 1165: 1162: 1087: 1086: 1070:, he wrote in 1052:Main article: 1049: 1046: 1023: 1020: 1012:Indian culture 995:which imposed 967: 964: 932: 929: 899: 896: 815:of Poland and 805:Nelson Mandela 801:Julius Nyerere 778: 775: 727:untouchability 708:Nelson Mandela 654:Unto This Last 631: 628: 627: 626: 616: 606: 605: 594: 593: 587: 586: 579: 578: 563:untouchability 552: 551: 540: 539: 499: 496: 477: 476: 465: 454:Communal Award 450: 429: 426: 386: 383: 352: 349: 348: 347: 291: 290: 286: 285: 281: 280: 249: 246: 226: 223: 203:Main article: 200: 195: 175:Indian Opinion 166:Unto This Last 124:Indian Opinion 84: 81: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6742: 6731: 6728: 6726: 6725:Simple living 6723: 6721: 6718: 6716: 6713: 6711: 6708: 6706: 6703: 6701: 6698: 6697: 6695: 6680: 6677: 6675: 6672: 6670: 6667: 6665: 6662: 6660: 6657: 6655: 6652: 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6255:Khudiram Bose 6253: 6251: 6248: 6246: 6243: 6241: 6238: 6236: 6233: 6231: 6228: 6226: 6223: 6221: 6218: 6216: 6213: 6211: 6208: 6206: 6203: 6201: 6198: 6196: 6193: 6191: 6188: 6186: 6183: 6181: 6178: 6176: 6173: 6171: 6170:Chetram Jatav 6168: 6166: 6163: 6161: 6158: 6156: 6153: 6151: 6148: 6146: 6143: 6141: 6140:Bhikaiji Cama 6138: 6136: 6133: 6131: 6130:Bharathidasan 6128: 6126: 6123: 6121: 6118: 6116: 6115:Basawon Singh 6113: 6111: 6108: 6106: 6103: 6101: 6098: 6096: 6093: 6091: 6088: 6086: 6083: 6081: 6078: 6076: 6073: 6071: 6068: 6066: 6063: 6061: 6058: 6056: 6053: 6051: 6048: 6047: 6045: 6039: 6033: 6030: 6028: 6025: 6023: 6020: 6018: 6015: 6013: 6010: 6008: 6005: 6003: 6002:Sri Aurobindo 6000: 5998: 5995: 5993: 5990: 5988: 5985: 5983: 5980: 5978: 5975: 5973: 5972:Ram Mohan Roy 5970: 5968: 5965: 5963: 5960: 5958: 5955: 5953: 5952:Narayana Guru 5950: 5948: 5945: 5943: 5940: 5938: 5935: 5933: 5930: 5928: 5925: 5923: 5920: 5918: 5915: 5913: 5910: 5908: 5905: 5903: 5900: 5898: 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4612: 4610: 4607: 4605: 4602: 4600: 4597: 4595: 4592: 4590: 4587: 4585: 4582: 4580: 4577: 4575: 4572: 4570: 4567: 4565: 4562: 4560: 4557: 4555: 4552: 4550: 4547: 4545: 4542: 4540: 4537: 4535: 4532: 4530: 4527: 4525: 4522: 4520: 4517: 4515: 4512: 4510: 4507: 4505: 4502: 4500: 4497: 4495: 4492: 4490: 4487: 4485: 4482: 4480: 4477: 4475: 4472: 4470: 4467: 4465: 4462: 4460: 4457: 4455: 4452: 4450: 4447: 4445: 4442: 4440: 4437: 4435: 4432: 4431: 4429: 4425:18th and 19th 4423: 4417: 4414: 4412: 4409: 4407: 4404: 4402: 4399: 4397: 4394: 4392: 4389: 4387: 4384: 4382: 4379: 4378: 4376: 4372: 4366: 4363: 4361: 4358: 4356: 4353: 4351: 4348: 4346: 4343: 4341: 4338: 4336: 4333: 4331: 4328: 4326: 4323: 4321: 4318: 4316: 4313: 4311: 4308: 4307: 4305: 4301: 4295: 4292: 4290: 4287: 4285: 4282: 4280: 4277: 4275: 4272: 4270: 4267: 4265: 4262: 4260: 4257: 4255: 4252: 4250: 4247: 4245: 4242: 4240: 4237: 4235: 4232: 4230: 4227: 4225: 4222: 4221: 4219: 4215: 4212: 4208: 4202: 4199: 4197: 4194: 4190: 4187: 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Market 3762: 3760: 3757: 3755: 3754:Gandhi Bhawan 3752: 3750: 3747: 3746: 3744: 3740: 3734: 3731: 3729: 3726: 3724: 3721: 3719: 3716: 3715: 3713: 3709: 3701: 3698: 3696: 3693: 3691: 3690:San Francisco 3688: 3686: 3683: 3681: 3678: 3676: 3673: 3671: 3668: 3666: 3663: 3662: 3660: 3656: 3653: 3651: 3648: 3647: 3645: 3641: 3638: 3636: 3633: 3632: 3631:South Africa 3630: 3626: 3623: 3621: 3618: 3616: 3613: 3612: 3610: 3608: 3605: 3604: 3602: 3598: 3595: 3593: 3589: 3583: 3580: 3578: 3575: 3573: 3570: 3568: 3565: 3563: 3560: 3558: 3555: 3553: 3550: 3548: 3547:Narendra Modi 3545: 3543: 3542:Morarji Desai 3540: 3538: 3535: 3533: 3530: 3528: 3525: 3523: 3520: 3518: 3515: 3513: 3510: 3508: 3505: 3503: 3500: 3498: 3495: 3493: 3490: 3488: 3485: 3483: 3480: 3478: 3475: 3473: 3470: 3468: 3465: 3463: 3460: 3458: 3455: 3453: 3450: 3448: 3445: 3443: 3440: 3438: 3435: 3433: 3430: 3429: 3427: 3423: 3417: 3414: 3412: 3409: 3407: 3404: 3402: 3399: 3397: 3394: 3392: 3389: 3387: 3384: 3382: 3379: 3377: 3374: 3372: 3369: 3367: 3364: 3362: 3359: 3357: 3354: 3352: 3351:Manilal (son) 3349: 3347: 3346:Harilal (son) 3344: 3342: 3339: 3337: 3334: 3333: 3331: 3329: 3325: 3319: 3316: 3313: 3310: 3307: 3304: 3302: 3299: 3297: 3294: 3292: 3289: 3287: 3284: 3282: 3279: 3277: 3274: 3273: 3271: 3267: 3261: 3258: 3256: 3253: 3251: 3248: 3246: 3243: 3241: 3238: 3236: 3233: 3231: 3228: 3226: 3223: 3221: 3218: 3216: 3213: 3211: 3208: 3206: 3203: 3201: 3198: 3196: 3193: 3191: 3188: 3186: 3183: 3181: 3178: 3176: 3173: 3171: 3168: 3166: 3163: 3161: 3158: 3156: 3153: 3151: 3148: 3146: 3145:Mahadev Desai 3143: 3141: 3140:Jugatram Dave 3138: 3136: 3133: 3131: 3128: 3126: 3123: 3121: 3118: 3116: 3113: 3111: 3108: 3106: 3105:C. F. Andrews 3103: 3101: 3098: 3097: 3095: 3091: 3085: 3084:Vegetarianism 3082: 3079: 3075: 3072: 3068: 3065: 3064:Ekla Chalo Re 3061: 3058: 3054: 3050: 3047: 3046: 3045: 3044: 3040: 3038: 3035: 3033: 3030: 3028: 3025: 3023: 3020: 3018: 3015: 3013: 3010: 3008: 3005: 3002: 3001: 2996: 2995: 2990: 2987: 2985: 2982: 2980: 2977: 2975: 2972: 2970: 2967: 2965: 2962: 2960: 2957: 2954: 2952: 2947: 2944: 2942: 2941: 2940:Bhagavad Gita 2937: 2934: 2930: 2927: 2924: 2920: 2919: 2917: 2913: 2907: 2904: 2902: 2899: 2897: 2894: 2892: 2891: 2887: 2885: 2884: 2880: 2878: 2877: 2873: 2871: 2870: 2866: 2864: 2863: 2859: 2857: 2856: 2852: 2851: 2849: 2847: 2843: 2837: 2834: 2832: 2829: 2827: 2824: 2822: 2819: 2817: 2814: 2812: 2809: 2807: 2804: 2800: 2797: 2796: 2795: 2792: 2790: 2787: 2785: 2782: 2780: 2777: 2776: 2774: 2770: 2764: 2763:Assassination 2761: 2759: 2758:List of fasts 2756: 2754: 2751: 2749: 2748:Sodepur Khadi 2746: 2744: 2741: 2739: 2736: 2734: 2731: 2729: 2726: 2722: 2719: 2718: 2717: 2714: 2712: 2709: 2707: 2704: 2702: 2699: 2695: 2692: 2691: 2690: 2687: 2685: 2682: 2680: 2677: 2675: 2672: 2670: 2667: 2663: 2660: 2659: 2658: 2655: 2653: 2650: 2648: 2645: 2643: 2640: 2638: 2635: 2633: 2630: 2628: 2625: 2623: 2620: 2618: 2615: 2614: 2612: 2610:and movements 2606: 2602: 2595: 2590: 2588: 2583: 2581: 2576: 2575: 2572: 2566: 2563: 2561: 2558: 2556: 2553: 2551: 2548: 2546: 2543: 2541: 2538: 2536: 2533: 2531: 2528: 2527: 2516: 2510: 2505: 2504: 2497: 2493: 2491:81-7436-468-4 2487: 2483: 2478: 2474: 2468: 2464: 2459: 2455: 2449: 2445: 2440: 2436: 2431: 2429: 2427: 2426:0-231-13114-3 2423: 2419: 2415: 2411: 2409:0-8021-3161-1 2405: 2400: 2399: 2392: 2390: 2389:1-4000-3050-1 2386: 2382: 2380: 2375: 2374: 2365: 2361: 2360:0-938497-04-9 2357: 2353: 2350: 2349: 2342: 2340: 2336:reprinted in 2333: 2326: 2325:archive.today 2322: 2318: 2313: 2306: 2301: 2294: 2293: 2289:Jack, Homer. 2286: 2279: 2277: 2273:reprinted in 2270: 2263: 2261: 2257:reprinted in 2254: 2248: 2242: 2234: 2230: 2225: 2220: 2216: 2212: 2208: 2204: 2200: 2193: 2184: 2175: 2166: 2159: 2155: 2151: 2147: 2142: 2135: 2129: 2122: 2116: 2110:(1997) p. 317 2109: 2103: 2088: 2084: 2078: 2070: 2064: 2060: 2059: 2051: 2043: 2039: 2033: 2024: 2009: 2005: 1999: 1985: 1979: 1975: 1971: 1967: 1963: 1956: 1941: 1937: 1931: 1916: 1915:sites.psu.edu 1912: 1906: 1891: 1887: 1881: 1874: 1872:9780575015104 1869: 1865: 1859: 1844: 1840: 1834: 1826: 1819: 1811: 1804: 1796: 1795: 1787: 1780: 1775: 1766: 1757: 1748: 1746: 1737: 1735:9781315666020 1731: 1727: 1723: 1720:. Routledge. 1719: 1718: 1710: 1703: 1702: 1701:Gandhi Reader 1698:Jack, Homer. 1695: 1688: 1687: 1686:Gandhi Reader 1683:Jack, Homer. 1680: 1674: 1673: 1667: 1659: 1652: 1644: 1640: 1636: 1630: 1626: 1622: 1621: 1613: 1605: 1598: 1590: 1584: 1580: 1573: 1565: 1563:1-59752-068-3 1559: 1555: 1551: 1550: 1542: 1534: 1528: 1524: 1517: 1509: 1502: 1494: 1487: 1485: 1476: 1470: 1466: 1459: 1451: 1445: 1441: 1434: 1432: 1422: 1413: 1404: 1395: 1388: 1384: 1378: 1371: 1370:0-02-865704-7 1367: 1361: 1354: 1350: 1346: 1341: 1334:. Allen Lane. 1333: 1326: 1319: 1313: 1305: 1299: 1295: 1288: 1279: 1271: 1265: 1261: 1254: 1250: 1239: 1235: 1232: 1231: 1222: 1219: 1217: 1214: 1212: 1209: 1207: 1204: 1202: 1199: 1197: 1194: 1192: 1189: 1187: 1184: 1182: 1179: 1177: 1174: 1172: 1169: 1168: 1161: 1159: 1153: 1151: 1147: 1143: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1127: 1123: 1118: 1116: 1112: 1108: 1104: 1099: 1097: 1092: 1083: 1082:Muslim League 1079: 1078: 1077: 1075: 1074: 1069: 1065: 1061: 1055: 1045: 1043: 1039: 1033: 1029: 1019: 1015: 1013: 1009: 1005: 1000: 998: 994: 988: 984: 980: 978: 974: 963: 961: 957: 953: 949: 946: 942: 938: 928: 926: 922: 918: 913: 911: 910: 904: 895: 892: 888: 883: 881: 877: 872: 870: 866: 861: 857: 853: 851: 847: 843: 839: 835: 830: 826: 820: 818: 814: 810: 806: 803:of Tanzania, 802: 798: 792: 788: 784: 774: 771: 767: 763: 759: 755: 750: 746: 743: 739: 735: 730: 728: 723: 721: 717: 713: 709: 705: 701: 697: 693: 689: 684: 682: 678: 673: 671: 667: 663: 659: 655: 651: 647: 646: 641: 637: 630:Nehru's India 624: 620: 617: 614: 611: 610: 609: 603: 599: 598: 597: 592: 591: 590: 584: 583: 582: 576: 572: 568: 564: 560: 559: 558: 555: 549: 548: 547: 545: 537: 536:Bhagavad Gita 533: 532: 531: 527: 523: 519: 515: 511: 510:Bhagavad Gita 505: 495: 493: 488: 486: 482: 481:B.R. Ambedkar 474: 470: 466: 463: 459: 455: 451: 448: 444: 443: 442: 438: 435: 425: 423: 422:Motilal Nehru 419: 414: 412: 408: 404: 399: 394: 392: 382: 380: 376: 372: 368: 367:simple living 362: 358: 344: 343: 342: 340: 336: 332: 331: 325: 323: 319: 315: 310: 306: 302: 300: 296: 288: 287: 283: 282: 278: 277: 276: 274: 267: 263: 259: 255: 245: 242: 240: 236: 232: 222: 220: 216: 212: 206: 199: 194: 192: 188: 184: 180: 176: 171: 168: 167: 163:'s 1862 book 162: 157: 155: 151: 147: 146: 141: 137: 133: 128: 126: 125: 119: 118: 113: 112: 107: 103: 98: 94: 89: 80: 75: 70: 67: 65: 59: 57: 53: 49: 45: 39: 35: 31: 27: 23: 19: 6649:Constitution 6637:Independence 6524: 6495:Vanchinathan 6125:Bhagat Singh 6080:Annie Besant 6041:Independence 6022:Vinoba Bhave 5826: 5822:Swaraj Party 5726:Lucknow Pact 5636:Purna Swaraj 5626:Nehru Report 5533: 5450: 5437:Philosophies 5425: 5391:Polygar Wars 5319:French India 5304:Dutch Bengal 5294:Colonisation 5121: 5111: 5101: 5091: 5081: 5071: 5061: 5051: 5041: 5031: 5021: 5011: 5001: 4991: 4981: 4971: 4391:Guicciardini 4374:Early modern 4210:Philosophers 4184:Conservatism 4179:Confucianism 4167:Distributism 4100:Social norms 4088:Sittlichkeit 4074:Ressentiment 4020:Institutions 3998:Human nature 3809:Kirti Mandir 3728:Martyrs' Day 3635:Johannesburg 3577:Vinoba Bhave 3562:Ramjee Singh 3522:Maulana Azad 3497:James Lawson 3361:Devdas (son) 3356:Ramdas (son) 3312:Indian rupee 3250:Abbas Tyabji 3125:Vinoba Bhave 3041: 2998: 2992: 2950: 2938: 2889: 2881: 2874: 2867: 2861: 2854: 2846:Publications 2788: 2657:Purna Swaraj 2622:Tolstoy Farm 2502: 2481: 2462: 2443: 2434: 2417: 2397: 2377: 2351: 2337: 2332: 2312: 2300: 2290: 2285: 2274: 2269: 2258: 2253: 2241: 2206: 2202: 2192: 2183: 2174: 2165: 2149: 2141: 2133: 2128: 2120: 2115: 2107: 2102: 2090:. Retrieved 2086: 2077: 2057: 2050: 2041: 2032: 2023: 2011:. Retrieved 2007: 1998: 1987:, retrieved 1965: 1955: 1943:. Retrieved 1939: 1930: 1918:. Retrieved 1914: 1905: 1893:. Retrieved 1889: 1880: 1863: 1858: 1846:. Retrieved 1842: 1833: 1824: 1818: 1809: 1803: 1793: 1786: 1774: 1765: 1756: 1716: 1709: 1699: 1694: 1684: 1679: 1671: 1666: 1657: 1651: 1619: 1612: 1606:. Routledge. 1603: 1597: 1578: 1572: 1548: 1541: 1522: 1516: 1507: 1501: 1492: 1464: 1458: 1439: 1421: 1412: 1403: 1394: 1377: 1360: 1340: 1331: 1325: 1317: 1312: 1293: 1287: 1278: 1259: 1253: 1237: 1154: 1126:Bhagat Singh 1119: 1100: 1088: 1072: 1057: 1035: 1016: 1001: 989: 985: 981: 972: 969: 934: 917:Adolf Hitler 914: 907: 905: 901: 884: 878:movement of 873: 854: 850:Johannesburg 821: 819:of Myanmar. 794: 751: 747: 731: 724: 716:Soviet Union 685: 674: 658:Vinoba Bhave 653: 643: 642: 639: 607: 595: 588: 580: 556: 553: 544:Universalism 541: 529: 489: 478: 439: 431: 420:, including 415: 395: 388: 364: 338: 328: 326: 313: 311: 307: 303: 292: 272: 269: 254:Brahmacharya 243: 228: 208: 197: 174: 172: 164: 158: 153: 149: 143: 140:Tolstoy Farm 135: 129: 122: 115: 109: 101: 96: 90: 86: 77: 72: 68: 60: 43: 42: 18: 6730:Nonviolence 6593:Mountbatten 6215:Hemu Kalani 6095:Bagha Jatin 6032:Vivekananda 5787:India House 5671:Act of 1935 5446:Ambedkarism 5314:British Raj 5178:Historicism 5007:(1835–1840) 4973:De Officiis 4697:de Beauvoir 4667:Baudrillard 4619:Vivekananda 4609:Tocqueville 4524:Kierkegaard 4340:Ibn Khaldun 4310:Alpharabius 4201:Personalism 4110:Stewardship 4067:Reification 4062:Natural law 3983:Familialism 3949:Culturalism 3829:Mani Bhavan 3711:Observances 3572:Sane Guruji 3492:James Bevel 3487:Ho Chi Minh 3155:Kanu Gandhi 3100:Swami Anand 2989:Leo Tolstoy 2979:John Ruskin 2933:nonviolence 2890:Young India 2831:Eleven vows 2799:trusteeship 2608:Life events 1940:India Today 1890:Diplomatist 1234:Swarup, Ram 1221:Trusteeship 1171:Ambedkarism 1134:Udham Singh 993:Rowlatt Act 973:Gandhi Marg 880:Lech Wałęsa 813:Lech Wałęsa 770:Indian Army 736:'s 1956–57 650:John Ruskin 604:and a Jew." 458:Untouchable 432:To Gandhi, 379:South Korea 266:Leo Tolstoy 161:John Ruskin 132:Leo Tolstoy 83:Antecedents 6694:Categories 6623:Linlithgow 6563:Chelmsford 6553:Cornwallis 6465:Tatya Tope 6335:Nana Saheb 6240:K. Kamaraj 6190:Dhan Singh 6105:Bakht Khan 5757:Arya Samaj 5691:Quit India 5641:Salt March 5500:Events and 5476:Satyagraha 5183:Humanities 5143:Agnotology 4802:Kołakowski 4365:Ibn Tufayl 4345:Maimonides 4289:Thucydides 4284:Tertullian 4239:Lactantius 4134:Volksgeist 4115:Traditions 3929:Convention 3769:Bookstores 3567:Steve Biko 3442:Abhay Bang 3425:Influenced 3281:Gandhigiri 3120:Sarla Behn 3093:Associates 3037:Tirukkuṛaḷ 2915:Influences 2836:Gandhi cap 2816:Satyagraha 2772:Philosophy 2716:Quit India 2706:Poona Pact 2669:Salt March 2370:References 2158:0313253374 1704:, pp.345–6 1634:0802131611 1372:, page 405 1211:Satyagraha 1181:Gandhigiri 1146:criticized 1096:plebiscite 1026:See also: 1004:boycotting 885:Myanmar's 876:Solidarity 838:Steve Biko 809:Steve Biko 781:See also: 760:; and the 634:See also: 508:See also: 485:Poona Pact 252:See also: 217:including 205:Satyagraha 198:Satyagraha 6598:Wellesley 6583:Dalhousie 6445:Surya Sen 6340:P. Kakkan 6300:Mir Qasim 6275:M. N. Roy 6210:Har Dayal 6043:activists 5872:Baba Amte 5862:Ayyankali 5840:reformers 5762:Azad Hind 5502:movements 5481:Socialism 5223:Sociology 5173:Historism 4882:Santayana 4852:Oakeshott 4822:MacIntyre 4807:Kropotkin 4782:Heidegger 4635:centuries 4549:Nietzsche 4514:Jefferson 4499:Helvétius 4464:Condorcet 4427:centuries 4411:Montaigne 4234:Confucius 4224:Augustine 4141:Worldview 4035:Modernity 4008:Formation 3680:Milwaukee 3625:New Delhi 3592:Memorials 2811:Sarvodaya 2806:Education 2794:Economics 2753:Sevagram) 2743:Sabarmati 2701:Padayatra 2295:, p. 418. 2209:(1): 39. 2160:(p. 349). 2042:kp.gov.pk 1389:, page 87 1122:execution 1111:appeasing 1064:partition 931:Gandhians 834:apartheid 783:Apartheid 645:Sarvodaya 636:Sarvodaya 621:Call him 351:Economics 6700:Gandhism 6628:Hastings 6588:Bentinck 5807:Jugantar 5451:Gandhism 5236:Category 5148:Axiology 5136:See also 4927:Voegelin 4917:Spengler 4892:Shariati 4847:Nussbaum 4832:Maritain 4792:Irigaray 4772:Habermas 4737:Foucault 4722:Durkheim 4624:Voltaire 4589:de Staël 4564:Rousseau 4489:Franklin 4350:Muhammad 4335:Gelasius 4320:Avempace 4303:Medieval 4279:Polybius 4274:Plutarch 4040:Morality 4015:Ideology 4003:Identity 3912:Concepts 3844:Raj Ghat 3695:San Jose 3685:New York 3190:Mirabehn 3012:Pacifism 2969:Hinduism 2821:Swadeshi 2789:Gandhism 2364:Excerpts 2321:Archived 2233:18048775 2092:16 March 2013:16 March 1989:16 March 1945:16 March 1920:16 March 1895:16 March 1848:16 March 1643:32833421 1236:(1955). 1164:See also 1150:swadeshi 1042:pacifism 1040:implies 983:nation. 846:Pretoria 766:pacifism 710:and the 696:Cold War 602:Buddhist 573:and the 526:Buddhism 518:Hinduism 498:Religion 449:of 1922; 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