120:
1597:
2799:
2361:
1737:
2375:
1471:
1723:
1369:
2743:
2459:
2813:
2221:
2785:
1653:
1569:
2589:
2445:
2347:
2063:
1201:
2631:
1937:
2771:
2561:
2547:
2389:
2133:
2105:
1965:
412:
2501:
1881:
1695:
2701:
2021:
1923:
1839:
1681:
1513:
1485:
2673:
2277:
2193:
2119:
2049:
1541:
1457:
313:
2431:
1979:
1811:
334:
2417:
2659:
2575:
2403:
2249:
1765:
1639:
1611:
1527:
495:
405:
320:
2757:
2263:
2207:
1909:
391:
2715:
2687:
2473:
2165:
2077:
2007:
1625:
1145:
2729:
2603:
2235:
2179:
2035:
1951:
1797:
1443:
1313:
2617:
2319:
2305:
1993:
1895:
1867:
1825:
1667:
1555:
986:
913:
2645:
2091:
1429:
643:
1383:
2487:
2841:
2827:
266:
252:
2291:
419:
1751:
1341:
1299:
1285:
1215:
1117:
1061:
341:
259:
1173:
1103:
1047:
2869:
1709:
306:
327:
299:
1355:
398:
1271:
2333:
2855:
1159:
1075:
20:
426:
2533:
1583:
869:
1089:
1499:
832:
1257:
797:
1243:
1853:
1187:
945:
53:) in France declined in the 17th century. Today the law recognises both assumed and inherited arms, considering them under law to be equivalent to a visual representation of a name, and given the same protections. However, there is no central registry of arms; in case of dispute, the individual who can prove the longest right to the blazon must be decided in court.
92:(silver or white). For sake of visibility (the whole point of the system), no Charges of a color can be used on a field of a color and no Charges of a metal can be used on a field of a metal, nor can the divisions of the field be color-on-color or metal-on-metal. Arms that do not follow the Rule of Tinctures are referred to as
566:
for a copy of the national coat of arms to be displayed alongside the coats of arms of other member states in its assembly chamber. An interministerial commission requested Robert Louis (1902–1965), heraldic artist, to produce a version of the
Chaplain design. This did not, however, constitute
955:
of Nice first appear in 1430. The Nice is symbolized by a red eagle on white background, on top of three mountains. The arms has undergone only minor changes: the eagle become more and more stylised, a crown of a count has been added, which symbolises his dominion over the
884:
of 1830 rejected the fleurs de lys and replaced them with stars that were intended to be neutral. In the early 20th century, the municipality decided to take the lion coat of arms without sword, with three fleurs de lys, the emblem of the city for six centuries. The
149:
was based on traditional heraldry but was characterised by a stronger sense of hierarchy. It employed a rigid system of additional marks in the shield to indicate official functions and positions. Another notable difference from traditional heraldry was the
215:
A decree of 3 March 1810 states: "The name, arms and livery shall pass from the father to all sons" although the distinctive marks of title could only pass to the son who inherited it. This provision applied only to the bearers of
Napoleonic titles.
875:
The arms of Lyon date back to the Middle Ages, when they were those of the Counts of Lyon. They constituted of a rampant (ready to pounce) argent (silver) lion on a red field, with a clearly identifiable tongue. It is around 1320 that the
996:
dates back to the 14th century. The three roses are symbolic representation of the three authorities who governed the city in the Middle Ages. Grenoble was placed under the authority of two rival powers, that of the bishop and of the
207:
The said 'marks of the specific rank or function' as used by Barons and Counts depended on the rank or function held by the individual. Military barons and counts had a sword on their quarter, members of the
880:, the upper band still present on the arms, was added to the lion symbolizing royal protection. In 1819, a sword was granted by the king in recognition of services to the king during the events of 1793. The
162:
was also regulated: 3, 2, 1 and none respectively. As many grantees were self-made men, and the arms often alluded to their life or specific actions, many new or unusual charges were also introduced.
212:
had a chequy, ministers had a lion's head, prefects had a wall beneath an oak branch, mayors had a wall, landowners had a wheat stalk, judges had a balance, members of
Academies had a palm, etc.
559:
and was originally adopted by the French
Foreign Ministry as a symbol for use by diplomatic and consular missions in 1912 using a design drawn up by the sculptor Jules-Clément Chaplain.
971:. The combination of white and red (argent and gules) is a resumption of the Cross of Savoy. The three mountains symbolise a territorial honour, without concern for geographic realism.
42:. Although it had a considerable history, existing from the 12th century, such formality has largely died out in France, as far as regulated personal heraldry is concerned.
555:
The current emblem of France has been a symbol of France since 1953, although it does not have any legal status as an official coat of arms. It appears on the cover of
3093:
1596:
2798:
1001:. In the 14th century appears a third authority, consuls, elected by the people and defenders of freedoms and exemptions granted by the two co-lords.
2360:
1736:
2374:
1470:
3086:
1722:
2742:
2458:
2812:
2220:
2784:
1652:
1568:
930:
during the Middle Ages who took their independence from the teachings of the Bishop. It retains its power over the surrounding area.
103:
are not linked with any rank or title, unlike the coronets, and are far less common than in other forms of
European heraldry, such as
2588:
2444:
2346:
2062:
3058:
2630:
2500:
1936:
2770:
2560:
2546:
2388:
2132:
2104:
1964:
1880:
3079:
2969:
2700:
2020:
1922:
1838:
1680:
1512:
1484:
2672:
2276:
2192:
2118:
2048:
1540:
2430:
1978:
1810:
2416:
2936:
2658:
2574:
2402:
2248:
1764:
1694:
1638:
1610:
1526:
2756:
2262:
2206:
1908:
1456:
158:. The toques were surmounted by ostrich feathers: dukes had 7, counts had 5, barons had 3, and knights had 1. The number of
2714:
2686:
2472:
2164:
2076:
2006:
1624:
2728:
2602:
2234:
2178:
2034:
1950:
1796:
1442:
2616:
2318:
2304:
1992:
1894:
1866:
1824:
1666:
1554:
811:
officially installed it. On the coat of arms, the represented vessel is the symbol of the powerful corporate body of the
177:, and would be differenced further by marks of the specific rank or function. In this system, the arms of knights had an
2644:
2090:
1428:
926:(a band of red on a white field, also considered an inversion of the arms of the diocese) at the end of a revolt of the
3003:
2486:
119:
2290:
1750:
1374:
2902:
111:
supporters are not shown in most depictions. Crests are rare in modern depictions, again in contrast to
England.
2840:
2826:
716:
that is now used purely decoratively as well as symbolically, or it may be "at one and the same time political,
223:(1852–1870) made no effort to revive it, although the official arms of France were again those of Napoleon I.
777:
All cities within France have coats of arms; these are often intertwined with local traditions over history.
2332:
236:
2868:
1708:
1368:
967:
power. Throughout their symbolic structure, the arms of Nice are a sign of allegiance and fidelity to the
2532:
1582:
1498:
2854:
2366:
209:
1200:
1192:
3401:
3102:
2394:
2296:
1094:
2995:
1852:
200:
in chief dexter, charged with marks of the specific rank or function; and dukes had a chief gules
3342:
1476:
739:
411:
3269:
3152:
3121:
550:
1546:
189:
2748:
2524:
2156:
1788:
1616:
1532:
1420:
846:), appears for the first time in 1257; La Ville de Marseille resplendit par ses hauts faits (
823:" ("It is beaten by the waves without being submerged") is equally a reference to this boat.
820:
791:
766:
583:
170:
100:
2436:
1405:
Few départments have official arms. There may be substantial disagreements with this table.
570:
Technically speaking, it is an emblem rather than a coat of arms, since it does not respect
131:
in chief dexter charged with a lion's head indicates his positions as a count and a minister
3380:
2380:
2268:
1206:
923:
494:
404:
220:
1144:
312:
8:
3375:
3299:
3279:
3199:
3055:
2720:
2692:
2012:
1312:
1122:
808:
333:
178:
174:
146:
1742:
1602:
934:
765:
that appears on French postage stamps but has not been adopted officially by any of the
3289:
3259:
3254:
3137:
2608:
2240:
2226:
2184:
2040:
1802:
1276:
1262:
319:
273:
239:, advises both public bodies and (since 2015) private individuals on heraldic issues.
2966:
2928:
1382:
642:
390:
3347:
3304:
3239:
3214:
3194:
3189:
3142:
3116:
2999:
2985:
2897:
2790:
2622:
1998:
1672:
1658:
1248:
1220:
1150:
1080:
1024:
998:
886:
743:
515:
457:
185:
136:
2998:' series. Translated by Garvie, Francisca. London: Thames & Hudson. p. 98.
2464:
1005:
574:
rules—heraldry being seen as an aristocratic art, and therefore associated with the
165:
The most characteristic mark of
Napoleonic heraldry was the additional marks in the
3359:
3337:
3329:
3324:
3314:
3309:
3274:
3229:
3209:
3204:
3168:
3147:
2650:
2096:
2068:
1360:
1318:
985:
912:
843:
755:
659:
197:
193:
128:
104:
1178:
575:
265:
251:
124:
68:. This states that there are two types of Tinctures (heraldic colors): the colors
3319:
3294:
3244:
3224:
3071:
3062:
2989:
2973:
2636:
1942:
1504:
1340:
1298:
1284:
1214:
960:, and the three mountains on which is based is now surrounded by a stylised sea.
847:
705:
696:
556:
418:
1728:
1116:
1060:
963:
The presence of the eagle, imperial emblem, shows that these arms are linked to
842:. The motto of Marseille is: De grands fachs resplend la cioutat de Marseilles (
196:
sinister, charged with marks of the specific rank or function; counts a quarter
3352:
3284:
3264:
3249:
3219:
2892:
2776:
2566:
2552:
2138:
2110:
1970:
1304:
1290:
1172:
1102:
1046:
968:
964:
957:
563:
340:
258:
219:
The
Napoleonic system of heraldry did not outlast the First French Empire. The
43:
2594:
2450:
2352:
1388:
305:
3395:
2860:
2818:
2338:
1886:
1354:
881:
537:
461:
326:
298:
1270:
897:
397:
3173:
2804:
2706:
2519:
2506:
2151:
2026:
1844:
1783:
1700:
1490:
1415:
975:
952:
890:
735:
709:
651:
623:
24:
1858:
1158:
2198:
2054:
1714:
1074:
927:
816:
2515:
2147:
1779:
1411:
1327:
1229:
1131:
1033:
425:
169:
to indicate official functions and positions. These came in the form of
2846:
2832:
919:
868:
747:
602:
2874:
1928:
1686:
1518:
1088:
2422:
1066:
858:
738:
and flags over the centuries, it is particularly associated with the
2678:
2282:
2124:
19:
2664:
2580:
2408:
2254:
1770:
1644:
1256:
1108:
993:
854:, used since 1691) or 'The City of Marseille shines by its deeds'.
831:
751:
725:
587:
571:
159:
140:
64:
Like the
British system of heraldry, the French system follows the
35:
1984:
1816:
1242:
796:
2762:
2212:
1914:
1588:
1346:
1186:
1164:
717:
630:
502:
155:
646:
A golden fleur-de-lis, the most common colour in French heraldry
2492:
2478:
2170:
2082:
1756:
1630:
1462:
1052:
944:
762:
732:
721:
713:
701:
626:
619:
605:
595:
533:
508:
166:
39:
838:
The arms of
Marseilles, passed in 1930, may be emblazoned as:
686:
56:
Many of the terms in international heraldry come from French.
2734:
2538:
1956:
1448:
1407:
1029:
851:
804:
281:
181:
151:
108:
671:
2324:
2310:
1900:
1872:
1830:
1574:
1560:
889:
reads not as a symbol, but as a riddle: the argent lion is
677:
656:
The fleur-de-lys (or fleur-de-lis, plural: fleurs-de-lis;
139:, the First French Empire also introduced a new system of
1434:
612:
567:
an adoption of an official coat of arms by the Republic.
541:
99:
French heraldry has a set system of crowns and coronets.
46:
on the other hand remains a visible part of daily life.
454:(Royal Prince, children or grandchildren of the King)
665:
662:
708:
as "lily flower") is a stylized design of either an
683:
674:
668:
448:(nobles in the descendance of a former French king)
680:
3101:
1027:has its own coat of arms, although usage varies:
731:While the fleur-de-lis has appeared on countless
3393:
807:, in its current form, dates back to 1358, when
742:on a historical context, and nowadays with the
3046:, Alandis Editions, 2007, p. 22-23 (in French)
2926:
850:); Actibus immensis urbs fulget Massiliensis (
3087:
3038:
3036:
3034:
3032:
3030:
922:'s arms are the colours of the shield of the
242:
562:In 1953, France received a request from the
521:
480:
2929:"French Heraldry: National Characteristics"
2922:
2920:
2918:
1018:
622:is a symbol associated with justice (from
27:, the most famous symbol in French heraldry
3094:
3080:
3027:
3021:L'arsenal de Paris: histoire et chroniques
2984:
893:: it is a pun on the city's name, "Lyon".
2915:
641:
118:
18:
2961:
2959:
2957:
2955:
2953:
772:
96:(a "Coat of Arms to be investigated").
3394:
3044:Histoire du Comté de Nice en 100 dates
2514:
2146:
1778:
1410:
1326:
1228:
1130:
1032:
615:branch symbolises perennity or wisdom.
114:
3075:
3023:(in French). L'Harmattan. p. 35.
3018:
935:Strasbourg's heraldry on fr.wikipedia
695:
16:The use of heraldic symbols in France
2950:
878:chief azure three fleurs de lys d'or
859:Marseille's heraldry on fr.wikipedia
780:
1006:Grenoble's heraldry on fr.wikipedia
608:symbolises victory of the Republic.
13:
984:
943:
911:
867:
830:
795:
59:
14:
3413:
2991:Heraldry: Its Origins and Meaning
233:Commission nationale d'héraldique
2867:
2853:
2839:
2825:
2811:
2797:
2783:
2769:
2755:
2741:
2727:
2713:
2699:
2685:
2671:
2657:
2643:
2629:
2615:
2601:
2587:
2573:
2559:
2545:
2531:
2499:
2485:
2471:
2457:
2443:
2429:
2415:
2401:
2387:
2373:
2359:
2345:
2331:
2317:
2303:
2289:
2275:
2261:
2247:
2233:
2219:
2205:
2191:
2177:
2163:
2131:
2117:
2103:
2089:
2075:
2061:
2047:
2033:
2019:
2005:
1991:
1977:
1963:
1949:
1935:
1921:
1907:
1893:
1879:
1865:
1851:
1837:
1823:
1809:
1795:
1763:
1749:
1735:
1721:
1707:
1693:
1679:
1665:
1651:
1637:
1623:
1609:
1595:
1581:
1567:
1553:
1539:
1525:
1511:
1497:
1483:
1469:
1455:
1441:
1427:
1381:
1367:
1353:
1339:
1311:
1297:
1283:
1269:
1255:
1241:
1213:
1199:
1185:
1171:
1157:
1143:
1115:
1101:
1087:
1073:
1059:
1045:
992:The coat of arms of the city of
803:The coat of arms of the city of
658:
586:with lion-head terminal bears a
493:
424:
417:
410:
403:
396:
389:
339:
332:
325:
318:
311:
304:
297:
289:
264:
257:
250:
2939:from the original on 2009-02-10
2903:Claude Drigon, Marquis de Magny
976:Nice's heraldry on fr.wikipedia
898:Lyon's heraldry on fr.wikipedia
637:
226:
3103:Heraldic traditions by country
3056:Histoire du blason de Grenoble
3049:
3012:
2978:
1400:
1:
2927:François Velde (2003-02-06).
2908:
907:
724:and symbolic", especially in
387:
384:(Marquis and Peer of France)
295:
248:
235:, an advisory body under the
192:; Barons a quarter gules in
826:
761:It is an enduring symbol of
7:
2886:
980:
488:Diplomatic Emblem of France
442:(Dukes and Peer of France)
373:(Count and Peer of France)
135:Along with a new system of
10:
3418:
1375:Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
1330:
1232:
1134:
1036:
1003:
973:
932:
895:
856:
789:
649:
629:'s axes, in this case not
578:. The emblem consists of:
548:
243:French crowns and coronets
237:French Ministry of Culture
3368:
3182:
3161:
3130:
3109:
2523:
2518:
2155:
2150:
1787:
1782:
1419:
1414:
704:French), translated from
529:
514:
501:
492:
487:
481:National Emblem of France
382:Marquis et Pair de France
125:Joseph Fouché (1759-1820)
1019:Former Regions of France
785:
697:[ˌflœː(ʀ)dəˈlɪs]
127:as a Count. The quarter
49:The role of the herald (
1477:Alpes-de-Haute-Provence
939:
863:
746:and the Grand Duchy of
452:(Petit-) Fils de France
371:Comte et Pair de France
188:with the emblem of the
107:. Even the Royal Arms'
3210:Bosnia and Herzegovina
3019:Faure, Juliet (2002).
989:
948:
916:
872:
835:
800:
750:as the only remaining
647:
551:Coat of arms of France
522:
132:
28:
2749:Territoire de Belfort
988:
947:
915:
871:
834:
821:Fluctuat nec mergitur
815:, dating back to the
799:
792:Coat of arms of Paris
645:
440:Duc et Pair de France
122:
88:(gold or yellow) and
22:
2367:Pyrénées-Atlantiques
1207:Languedoc-Roussillon
924:Bishop of Strasbourg
773:Arms of major cities
592:République Française
523:République française
221:Second French Empire
2967:Napoleonic Heraldry
2965:François R. Velde.
2395:Pyrénées-Orientales
1123:Centre-Val de Loire
840:Argent a cross azur
819:. The city motto, "
466:Dauphin de Viennois
278:Department Capital
147:Napoleonic heraldry
115:Napoleonic heraldry
94:Armes pour enquérir
3061:2008-11-12 at the
2986:Pastoureau, Michel
2972:2018-05-10 at the
2227:Meurthe-et-Moselle
1277:Nord-Pas-de-Calais
990:
949:
917:
873:
836:
813:Marchands de l'eau
801:
648:
590:"RF" standing for
137:titles of nobility
133:
84:(blue) and metals
29:
3389:
3388:
2898:Capetian Armorial
2884:
2883:
2880:
2879:
2791:Seine-Saint-Denis
2512:
2511:
2144:
2143:
1776:
1775:
1659:Charente-Maritime
1398:
1397:
1394:
1393:
1324:
1323:
1226:
1225:
1151:Champagne-Ardenne
1128:
1127:
1015:
1014:
547:
546:
520:RF, standing for
478:
477:
287:
286:
204:of stars argent.
154:, which replaced
66:Rule of Tinctures
3409:
3343:Northern Ireland
3096:
3089:
3082:
3073:
3072:
3066:
3053:
3047:
3040:
3025:
3024:
3016:
3010:
3009:
2982:
2976:
2963:
2948:
2947:
2945:
2944:
2924:
2871:
2857:
2843:
2829:
2815:
2801:
2787:
2773:
2759:
2745:
2731:
2717:
2703:
2689:
2675:
2661:
2647:
2633:
2619:
2605:
2591:
2577:
2563:
2549:
2535:
2516:
2503:
2489:
2475:
2461:
2447:
2433:
2419:
2405:
2391:
2377:
2363:
2349:
2335:
2321:
2307:
2293:
2279:
2265:
2251:
2237:
2223:
2209:
2195:
2181:
2167:
2148:
2135:
2121:
2107:
2093:
2079:
2069:Loire-Atlantique
2065:
2051:
2037:
2023:
2009:
1995:
1981:
1967:
1953:
1939:
1925:
1911:
1897:
1883:
1869:
1855:
1841:
1827:
1813:
1799:
1780:
1767:
1753:
1739:
1725:
1711:
1701:Southern Corsica
1697:
1683:
1669:
1655:
1641:
1627:
1613:
1603:Bouches-du-Rhône
1599:
1585:
1571:
1557:
1543:
1529:
1515:
1501:
1487:
1473:
1459:
1445:
1431:
1412:
1408:
1385:
1371:
1361:Poitou-Charentes
1357:
1343:
1328:
1319:Pays de la Loire
1315:
1301:
1287:
1273:
1259:
1245:
1230:
1217:
1203:
1189:
1175:
1161:
1147:
1132:
1119:
1105:
1091:
1077:
1063:
1049:
1034:
1030:
1025:region of France
781:
767:French republics
756:House of Bourbon
744:Spanish monarchy
699:
693:
692:
689:
688:
685:
682:
679:
676:
673:
670:
667:
664:
557:French passports
525:
497:
485:
484:
428:
421:
414:
407:
400:
393:
343:
336:
329:
322:
315:
308:
301:
294:
293:
268:
261:
254:
247:
246:
190:Legion of Honour
105:English heraldry
3417:
3416:
3412:
3411:
3410:
3408:
3407:
3406:
3402:French heraldry
3392:
3391:
3390:
3385:
3364:
3334:United Kingdom
3178:
3157:
3126:
3105:
3100:
3070:
3069:
3063:Wayback Machine
3054:
3050:
3041:
3028:
3017:
3013:
3006:
2983:
2979:
2974:Wayback Machine
2964:
2951:
2942:
2940:
2925:
2916:
2911:
2889:
2637:Tarn-et-Garonne
2381:Hautes-Pyrénées
1943:Ille-et-Vilaine
1505:Alpes-Maritimes
1403:
1021:
1016:
1008:
983:
978:
942:
937:
910:
902:
900:
866:
861:
829:
794:
788:
775:
740:French monarchy
661:
657:
654:
640:
596:French Republic
553:
509:French Republic
483:
292:
245:
229:
117:
62:
60:Characteristics
32:French heraldry
17:
12:
11:
5:
3415:
3405:
3404:
3387:
3386:
3384:
3383:
3378:
3372:
3370:
3366:
3365:
3363:
3362:
3357:
3356:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3186:
3184:
3180:
3179:
3177:
3176:
3171:
3165:
3163:
3159:
3158:
3156:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3134:
3132:
3128:
3127:
3125:
3124:
3119:
3113:
3111:
3107:
3106:
3099:
3098:
3091:
3084:
3076:
3068:
3067:
3048:
3026:
3011:
3004:
2977:
2949:
2913:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2906:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2893:Flag of Quebec
2888:
2885:
2882:
2881:
2878:
2877:
2872:
2864:
2863:
2858:
2850:
2849:
2844:
2836:
2835:
2830:
2822:
2821:
2816:
2808:
2807:
2802:
2794:
2793:
2788:
2780:
2779:
2777:Hauts-de-Seine
2774:
2766:
2765:
2760:
2752:
2751:
2746:
2738:
2737:
2732:
2724:
2723:
2718:
2710:
2709:
2704:
2696:
2695:
2690:
2682:
2681:
2676:
2668:
2667:
2662:
2654:
2653:
2648:
2640:
2639:
2634:
2626:
2625:
2620:
2612:
2611:
2606:
2598:
2597:
2592:
2584:
2583:
2578:
2570:
2569:
2567:Seine-et-Marne
2564:
2556:
2555:
2553:Seine-Maritime
2550:
2542:
2541:
2536:
2528:
2527:
2522:
2513:
2510:
2509:
2504:
2496:
2495:
2490:
2482:
2481:
2476:
2468:
2467:
2465:Saône-et-Loire
2462:
2454:
2453:
2448:
2440:
2439:
2434:
2426:
2425:
2420:
2412:
2411:
2406:
2398:
2397:
2392:
2384:
2383:
2378:
2370:
2369:
2364:
2356:
2355:
2350:
2342:
2341:
2336:
2328:
2327:
2322:
2314:
2313:
2308:
2300:
2299:
2294:
2286:
2285:
2280:
2272:
2271:
2266:
2258:
2257:
2252:
2244:
2243:
2238:
2230:
2229:
2224:
2216:
2215:
2210:
2202:
2201:
2196:
2188:
2187:
2182:
2174:
2173:
2168:
2160:
2159:
2154:
2145:
2142:
2141:
2139:Maine-et-Loire
2136:
2128:
2127:
2122:
2114:
2113:
2111:Lot-et-Garonne
2108:
2100:
2099:
2094:
2086:
2085:
2080:
2072:
2071:
2066:
2058:
2057:
2052:
2044:
2043:
2038:
2030:
2029:
2024:
2016:
2015:
2010:
2002:
2001:
1996:
1988:
1987:
1982:
1974:
1973:
1971:Indre-et-Loire
1968:
1960:
1959:
1954:
1946:
1945:
1940:
1932:
1931:
1926:
1918:
1917:
1912:
1904:
1903:
1898:
1890:
1889:
1884:
1876:
1875:
1870:
1862:
1861:
1856:
1848:
1847:
1842:
1834:
1833:
1828:
1820:
1819:
1814:
1806:
1805:
1800:
1792:
1791:
1786:
1777:
1774:
1773:
1768:
1760:
1759:
1754:
1746:
1745:
1740:
1732:
1731:
1726:
1718:
1717:
1712:
1704:
1703:
1698:
1690:
1689:
1684:
1676:
1675:
1670:
1662:
1661:
1656:
1648:
1647:
1642:
1634:
1633:
1628:
1620:
1619:
1614:
1606:
1605:
1600:
1592:
1591:
1586:
1578:
1577:
1572:
1564:
1563:
1558:
1550:
1549:
1544:
1536:
1535:
1530:
1522:
1521:
1516:
1508:
1507:
1502:
1494:
1493:
1488:
1480:
1479:
1474:
1466:
1465:
1460:
1452:
1451:
1446:
1438:
1437:
1432:
1424:
1423:
1418:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1392:
1391:
1386:
1378:
1377:
1372:
1364:
1363:
1358:
1350:
1349:
1344:
1336:
1335:
1332:
1325:
1322:
1321:
1316:
1308:
1307:
1305:Upper Normandy
1302:
1294:
1293:
1291:Lower Normandy
1288:
1280:
1279:
1274:
1266:
1265:
1260:
1252:
1251:
1246:
1238:
1237:
1234:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1218:
1210:
1209:
1204:
1196:
1195:
1190:
1182:
1181:
1176:
1168:
1167:
1162:
1154:
1153:
1148:
1140:
1139:
1136:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1120:
1112:
1111:
1106:
1098:
1097:
1092:
1084:
1083:
1078:
1070:
1069:
1064:
1056:
1055:
1050:
1042:
1041:
1038:
1020:
1017:
1013:
1012:
982:
979:
969:House of Savoy
958:County of Nice
941:
938:
909:
906:
904:
865:
862:
828:
825:
809:King Charles V
790:Main article:
787:
784:
779:
774:
771:
650:Main article:
639:
636:
635:
634:
616:
609:
599:
564:United Nations
549:Main article:
545:
544:
531:
530:Other elements
527:
526:
518:
512:
511:
505:
499:
498:
490:
489:
482:
479:
476:
475:
469:
455:
449:
446:Prince du Sang
443:
437:
430:
429:
422:
415:
408:
401:
394:
386:
385:
379:
374:
368:
362:
356:
351:
345:
344:
337:
330:
323:
316:
309:
302:
291:
288:
285:
284:
279:
276:
270:
269:
262:
255:
244:
241:
228:
225:
210:Conseil d'Etat
116:
113:
61:
58:
44:Civic heraldry
34:is the use of
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3414:
3403:
3400:
3399:
3397:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3373:
3371:
3367:
3361:
3358:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3335:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3270:Liechtenstein
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3187:
3185:
3181:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3166:
3164:
3160:
3154:
3153:United States
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3135:
3133:
3129:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3114:
3112:
3108:
3104:
3097:
3092:
3090:
3085:
3083:
3078:
3077:
3074:
3064:
3060:
3057:
3052:
3045:
3042:Ralph Schor,
3039:
3037:
3035:
3033:
3031:
3022:
3015:
3007:
3005:0-500-30074-7
3001:
2997:
2993:
2992:
2987:
2981:
2975:
2971:
2968:
2962:
2960:
2958:
2956:
2954:
2938:
2934:
2930:
2923:
2921:
2919:
2914:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2890:
2876:
2873:
2870:
2866:
2865:
2862:
2859:
2856:
2852:
2851:
2848:
2845:
2842:
2838:
2837:
2834:
2831:
2828:
2824:
2823:
2820:
2817:
2814:
2810:
2809:
2806:
2803:
2800:
2796:
2795:
2792:
2789:
2786:
2782:
2781:
2778:
2775:
2772:
2768:
2767:
2764:
2761:
2758:
2754:
2753:
2750:
2747:
2744:
2740:
2739:
2736:
2733:
2730:
2726:
2725:
2722:
2719:
2716:
2712:
2711:
2708:
2705:
2702:
2698:
2697:
2694:
2691:
2688:
2684:
2683:
2680:
2677:
2674:
2670:
2669:
2666:
2663:
2660:
2656:
2655:
2652:
2649:
2646:
2642:
2641:
2638:
2635:
2632:
2628:
2627:
2624:
2621:
2618:
2614:
2613:
2610:
2607:
2604:
2600:
2599:
2596:
2593:
2590:
2586:
2585:
2582:
2579:
2576:
2572:
2571:
2568:
2565:
2562:
2558:
2557:
2554:
2551:
2548:
2544:
2543:
2540:
2537:
2534:
2530:
2529:
2526:
2521:
2517:
2508:
2505:
2502:
2498:
2497:
2494:
2491:
2488:
2484:
2483:
2480:
2477:
2474:
2470:
2469:
2466:
2463:
2460:
2456:
2455:
2452:
2449:
2446:
2442:
2441:
2438:
2435:
2432:
2428:
2427:
2424:
2421:
2418:
2414:
2413:
2410:
2407:
2404:
2400:
2399:
2396:
2393:
2390:
2386:
2385:
2382:
2379:
2376:
2372:
2371:
2368:
2365:
2362:
2358:
2357:
2354:
2351:
2348:
2344:
2343:
2340:
2339:Pas-de-Calais
2337:
2334:
2330:
2329:
2326:
2323:
2320:
2316:
2315:
2312:
2309:
2306:
2302:
2301:
2298:
2295:
2292:
2288:
2287:
2284:
2281:
2278:
2274:
2273:
2270:
2267:
2264:
2260:
2259:
2256:
2253:
2250:
2246:
2245:
2242:
2239:
2236:
2232:
2231:
2228:
2225:
2222:
2218:
2217:
2214:
2211:
2208:
2204:
2203:
2200:
2197:
2194:
2190:
2189:
2186:
2183:
2180:
2176:
2175:
2172:
2169:
2166:
2162:
2161:
2158:
2153:
2149:
2140:
2137:
2134:
2130:
2129:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2116:
2115:
2112:
2109:
2106:
2102:
2101:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2088:
2087:
2084:
2081:
2078:
2074:
2073:
2070:
2067:
2064:
2060:
2059:
2056:
2053:
2050:
2046:
2045:
2042:
2039:
2036:
2032:
2031:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2018:
2017:
2014:
2011:
2008:
2004:
2003:
2000:
1997:
1994:
1990:
1989:
1986:
1983:
1980:
1976:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1966:
1962:
1961:
1958:
1955:
1952:
1948:
1947:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1934:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1924:
1920:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1906:
1905:
1902:
1899:
1896:
1892:
1891:
1888:
1887:Haute-Garonne
1885:
1882:
1878:
1877:
1874:
1871:
1868:
1864:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1854:
1850:
1849:
1846:
1843:
1840:
1836:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1826:
1822:
1821:
1818:
1815:
1812:
1808:
1807:
1804:
1801:
1798:
1794:
1793:
1790:
1785:
1781:
1772:
1769:
1766:
1762:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1748:
1747:
1744:
1743:Côtes-d'Armor
1741:
1738:
1734:
1733:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1720:
1719:
1716:
1715:Upper Corsica
1713:
1710:
1706:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1696:
1692:
1691:
1688:
1685:
1682:
1678:
1677:
1674:
1671:
1668:
1664:
1663:
1660:
1657:
1654:
1650:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1636:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1626:
1622:
1621:
1618:
1615:
1612:
1608:
1607:
1604:
1601:
1598:
1594:
1593:
1590:
1587:
1584:
1580:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1570:
1566:
1565:
1562:
1559:
1556:
1552:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1542:
1538:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1524:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1510:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1496:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1482:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1468:
1467:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1454:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1440:
1439:
1436:
1433:
1430:
1426:
1425:
1422:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1406:
1390:
1387:
1384:
1380:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1370:
1366:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1352:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1338:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1320:
1317:
1314:
1310:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1300:
1296:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1282:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1268:
1267:
1264:
1263:Midi-Pyrénées
1261:
1258:
1254:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1240:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1212:
1211:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1198:
1197:
1194:
1193:Île-de-France
1191:
1188:
1184:
1183:
1180:
1179:Franche-Comté
1177:
1174:
1170:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1160:
1156:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1146:
1142:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1114:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1100:
1099:
1096:
1093:
1090:
1086:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1076:
1072:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1058:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1044:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1011:
1007:
1002:
1000:
995:
987:
977:
972:
970:
966:
961:
959:
954:
946:
936:
931:
929:
925:
921:
914:
905:
903:
899:
894:
892:
888:
883:
882:July Monarchy
879:
870:
860:
855:
853:
849:
845:
841:
833:
824:
822:
818:
814:
810:
806:
798:
793:
783:
782:
778:
770:
768:
764:
759:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
736:coats of arms
734:
729:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
698:
691:
653:
644:
632:
628:
625:
621:
617:
614:
610:
607:
604:
600:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
580:
579:
577:
576:Ancien Régime
573:
568:
565:
560:
558:
552:
543:
539:
538:laurel branch
535:
532:
528:
524:
519:
517:
513:
510:
506:
504:
500:
496:
491:
486:
473:
470:
467:
463:
462:heir apparent
459:
456:
453:
450:
447:
444:
441:
438:
435:
432:
431:
427:
423:
420:
416:
413:
409:
406:
402:
399:
395:
392:
388:
383:
380:
378:
375:
372:
369:
366:
363:
360:
357:
355:
352:
350:
347:
346:
342:
338:
335:
331:
328:
324:
321:
317:
314:
310:
307:
303:
300:
296:
290:Ancien Régime
283:
280:
277:
275:
272:
271:
267:
263:
260:
256:
253:
249:
240:
238:
234:
224:
222:
217:
213:
211:
205:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
180:
176:
172:
168:
163:
161:
157:
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148:
144:
142:
138:
130:
126:
121:
112:
110:
106:
102:
97:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
57:
54:
52:
47:
45:
41:
37:
33:
26:
21:
3360:Vatican City
3234:
3122:South Africa
3051:
3043:
3020:
3014:
2996:New Horizons
2990:
2980:
2941:. Retrieved
2932:
2805:Val-de-Marne
2707:Haute-Vienne
2507:Haute-Savoie
2027:Loir-et-Cher
1845:Eure-et-Loir
1491:Hautes-Alpes
1404:
1022:
1009:
991:
962:
950:
918:
901:
877:
874:
839:
837:
812:
802:
776:
760:
730:
720:, artistic,
655:
652:Fleur-de-lis
638:Fleur-de-lys
591:
569:
561:
554:
471:
465:
451:
445:
439:
433:
381:
376:
370:
364:
358:
353:
348:
232:
230:
227:Legal status
218:
214:
206:
201:
164:
145:
134:
98:
93:
89:
85:
81:
80:(green) and
77:
73:
69:
65:
63:
55:
50:
48:
31:
30:
25:fleur-de-lis
3381:New Zealand
3285:Netherlands
3065:(in French)
2595:Deux-Sèvres
2451:Haute-Saône
2353:Puy-de-Dôme
2199:Haute-Marne
2055:Haute-Loire
1401:Départments
1389:Rhône-Alpes
817:Middle Ages
361:(Viscount)
173:in various
160:lambrequins
38:symbols in
2943:2009-02-22
2909:References
2875:La Réunion
2847:Martinique
2833:Guadeloupe
2819:Val-d'Oise
2525:Department
2157:Department
1789:Department
1421:Department
1004:See also:
974:See also:
933:See also:
920:Strasbourg
908:Strasbourg
896:See also:
857:See also:
748:Luxembourg
722:emblematic
542:oak branch
101:Supporters
3376:Australia
2933:Heraldica
2423:Haut-Rhin
1859:Finistère
1729:Côte-d'Or
1067:Aquitaine
827:Marseille
72:(black),
3396:Category
3348:Scotland
3320:Slovakia
3300:Portugal
3131:Americas
3059:Archived
2988:(1997).
2970:Archived
2937:Archived
2887:See also
2665:Vaucluse
2581:Yvelines
2409:Bas-Rhin
2255:Morbihan
1771:Dordogne
1645:Charente
1617:Calvados
1533:Ardennes
1249:Lorraine
1221:Limousin
1109:Brittany
1095:Burgundy
1081:Auvergne
994:Grenoble
981:Grenoble
965:savoyard
928:burghers
752:monarchs
733:European
726:heraldry
718:dynastic
588:monogram
572:heraldic
367:(Count)
179:ordinary
171:quarters
156:coronets
141:heraldry
123:Arms of
36:heraldic
3369:Oceania
3338:England
3305:Romania
3265:Ireland
3260:Iceland
3255:Hungary
3245:Germany
3240:Georgia
3230:Finland
3225:Denmark
3220:Czechia
3215:Croatia
3205:Belgium
3200:Belarus
3195:Austria
3190:Albania
3117:Nigeria
2763:Essonne
2269:Moselle
2213:Mayenne
1929:Hérault
1915:Gironde
1687:Corrèze
1589:Aveyron
1519:Ardèche
1347:Picardy
1165:Corsica
999:Dauphin
844:Occitan
754:of the
631:fascism
582:A wide
503:Armiger
474:(King)
458:Dauphin
436:(Duke)
377:Marquis
359:Vicomte
282:Capital
274:Commune
186:charged
175:colours
109:angelic
78:Sinople
76:(red),
74:Gueules
3330:Sweden
3315:Serbia
3310:Russia
3295:Poland
3290:Norway
3280:Monaco
3250:Greece
3235:France
3183:Europe
3148:Mexico
3143:Canada
3138:Brazil
3110:Africa
3002:
2861:Guyane
2721:Vosges
2693:Vienne
2679:Vendée
2493:Savoie
2479:Sarthe
2283:Nièvre
2171:Manche
2125:Lozère
2083:Loiret
2013:Landes
1757:Creuse
1631:Cantal
1547:Ariège
1463:Allier
1053:Alsace
1010:
891:canted
887:shield
848:French
763:France
706:French
702:Quebec
627:lictor
620:fasces
606:branch
603:laurel
584:shield
534:Fasces
516:Shield
354:Vidame
167:shield
152:toques
90:Argent
51:héraut
40:France
3353:Wales
3325:Spain
3275:Malta
3174:Japan
3169:China
2735:Yonne
2609:Somme
2539:Paris
2437:Rhône
2241:Meuse
2185:Marne
2041:Loire
1985:Isère
1957:Indre
1817:Drôme
1803:Doubs
1449:Aisne
1334:Name
1331:Arms
1236:Name
1233:Arms
1138:Name
1135:Arms
1040:Name
1037:Arms
1023:Each
852:Latin
805:Paris
786:Paris
712:or a
624:Roman
365:Comte
349:Baron
198:azure
194:chief
182:gules
129:azure
70:Sable
3162:Asia
3000:ISBN
2623:Tarn
2520:Arms
2325:Orne
2311:Oise
2297:Nord
2152:Arms
1999:Jura
1901:Gers
1873:Gard
1831:Eure
1784:Arms
1673:Cher
1575:Aude
1561:Aube
1416:Arms
953:arms
951:The
940:Nice
864:Lyon
714:lily
710:iris
618:The
507:The
464:), (
231:The
202:semé
82:Azur
2994:. '
2651:Var
2097:Lot
1435:Ain
700:in
694:,
672:ɜːr
613:oak
611:An
472:Roi
434:Duc
3398::
3029:^
2952:^
2935:.
2931:.
2917:^
769:.
758:.
728:.
687:iː
633:).
601:A
598:).
540:,
536:,
468:)
184:,
143:.
86:Or
23:A
3095:e
3088:t
3081:v
3008:.
2946:.
690:/
684:l
681:ˈ
678:ə
675:d
669:l
666:f
663:ˌ
660:/
594:(
460:(
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