Freedom of speech - Knowledge

2596:. Because it would necessarily affect the Internet itself, the CDA would necessarily reduce the speech available for adults on the medium. This is a constitutionally intolerable result. Some of the dialogue on the Internet surely tests the limits of conventional discourse. Speech on the Internet can be unfiltered, unpolished, and unconventional, even emotionally charged, sexually explicit, and vulgar – in a word, "indecent" in many communities. But we should expect such speech to occur in a medium in which citizens from all walks of life have a voice. We should also protect the autonomy that such a medium confers to ordinary people as well as media magnates. My analysis does not deprive the Government of all means of protecting children from the dangers of Internet communication. The Government can continue to protect children from pornography on the Internet through vigorous enforcement of existing laws criminalising obscenity and 2373:

probably a necessary means to that end". Hence Feinberg argues that the harm principle sets the bar too high and that some forms of expression can be legitimately prohibited by law because they are very offensive. Nevertheless, as offending someone is less serious than harming someone, the penalties imposed should be higher for causing harm. In contrast, Mill does not support legal penalties unless they are based on the harm principle. Because the degree to which people may take offence varies, or may be the result of unjustified prejudice, Feinberg suggests that several factors need to be taken into account when applying the offence principle, including: the extent, duration and social value of the speech, the ease with which it can be avoided, the motives of the speaker, the number of people offended, the intensity of the offence, and the general interest of the community at large.

2600:. As we learned at the hearing, there is also a compelling need for public educations about the benefits and dangers of this new medium, and the Government can fill that role as well. In my view, our action today should only mean that Government's permissible supervision of Internet contents stops at the traditional line of unprotected speech. The absence of governmental regulation of Internet content has unquestionably produced a kind of chaos, but as one of the plaintiff's experts put it with such resonance at the hearing: "What achieved success was the very chaos that the Internet is. The strength of the Internet is chaos." Just as the strength of the Internet is chaos, so that strength of our liberty depends upon the chaos and cacophony of the unfettered speech the 12138: 2521: 3348:

also argued that free discussion is necessary to prevent the "deep slumber of a decided opinion". Discussion would drive the march of truth, and by considering false views, the basis of true views could be re-affirmed. Furthermore, Mill argued that an opinion only carries intrinsic value to the owner of that opinion, thus silencing the expression of that opinion is an injustice to a basic human right. It is generally held that for Mill, the only instance in which speech can be justifiably suppressed is to prevent harm from a clear and direct threat. Neither economic or moral implications nor the speaker's own well-being would justify suppression of speech. However Mill in

71: 3406: 2222:. He has argued that the concept of democracy is that of self-government by the people. For such a system to work, an informed electorate is necessary. In order to be appropriately knowledgeable, there must be no constraints on the free flow of information and ideas. According to Meiklejohn, democracy will not be true to its essential ideal if those in power can manipulate the electorate by withholding information and stifling criticism. Meiklejohn acknowledges that the desire to manipulate opinion can stem from the motive of seeking to benefit society. However, he argues, choosing manipulation negates, in its means, the democratic ideal. 3274: 2829:) have argued that the traditional issues of free speech—that "the main threat to free speech" is the censorship of "suppressive states", and that "ill-informed or malevolent speech" can and should be overcome by "more and better speech" rather than censorship—assumes scarcity of information. This scarcity prevailed during the 20th century, but with the arrival of the internet, information became plentiful, "but the attention of listeners" scarce. Furthermore, in the words of Wu, this "cheap speech" made possible by the internet " ... may be used to attack, harass, and silence as much as it is used to illuminate or debate". The 2840:...targets listeners or it undermines speakers indirectly. More precisely, emerging techniques of speech control depend on (1) a range of new punishments, like unleashing "troll armies" to abuse the press and other critics, and (2) "flooding" tactics (sometimes called "reverse censorship") that distort or drown out disfavored speech through the creation and dissemination of fake news, the payment of fake commentators, and the deployment of propaganda robots. As journalist Peter Pomerantsev writes, these techniques employ "information ... in weaponized terms, as a tool to confuse, blackmail, demoralize, subvert and paralyze." 3146: 56: 12150: 3544: 2919: 2512:). Funeral Protests are a complex issue in the United States. It is a right to Americans to be able to hold a peaceful protest against various policies they deem unreasonable. It is a question of whether or not it is appropriate through the time, place and manner outlook to protest funeral proceedings. Because of recent flare ups of this occurring, legislation has been put to action to limit this. Now, funeral protests are governed and prohibited by law on a state-to-state basis inside the United States. 12162: 2295: 6770:

society that saw fit to ban books such as Lady Chatterley's Lover because it was likely to "deprave and corrupt" its readers. Although only half a century separates us from Harold Macmillan's Britain, the world of 1960 can easily seem like ancient history. In a Britain when men still wore heavy grey suits, working women were still relatively rare and the Empire was still, just, a going concern, D H Lawrence's book was merely one of many banned because of its threat to public morality.

12210: 2861: 12174: 1716: 3083: 1704: 103: 12198: 2202: 2968: 12186: 2240:. He argues that "The principle of open discussion is a method of achieving a more adaptable and at the same time more stable community, of maintaining the precarious balance between healthy cleavage and necessary consensus". Emerson furthermore maintains that "Opposition serves a vital social function in offsetting or ameliorating (the) normal process of bureaucratic decay". 6301:

together". It is a hideous idea that must be resisted. The last time this happened was under the Licensing Order of 1643, which was allowed to expire in 1695 after the introduction of the 1688 Bill of Rights shortly after the Glorious Revolution. As I wrote in my Daily Telegraph column yesterday, it's amazing that so many Tory MPs should want to turn the clock back 300 years.

2185:. This means that the government is legally obliged to take no action against the speaker based on the speaker's views, but that no one is obliged to help any speakers publish their views, and no one is required to listen to, agree with, or acknowledge the speaker or the speaker's views. These concepts correspond to earlier traditions of 2620:

We reaffirm, as an essential foundation of the Information society, and as outlined in Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, that everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; that this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive

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Richard Moon has developed the argument that the value of freedom of speech and freedom of expression lies with social interactions. Moon writes that "by communicating an individual forms relationships and associations with others – family, friends, co-workers, church congregation, and countrymen. By

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Freedom of information is also explicitly protected by acts such as the Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act of Ontario, in Canada. The Access to Information Act gives Canadian citizens, permanent residents, and any person or corporation present in Canada a right to access records of

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wrote of the collapse of the harm principle: "Today the debate is characterized by a cacophony of competing harm arguments without any way to resolve them. There is no longer an argument within the structure of the debate to resolve the competing claims of harm. The original harm principle was never

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Taking photographs and video of things that are plainly visible in public spaces is a constitutional right—and that includes transportation facilities, the outside of federal buildings, and police and other government officials carrying out their duties. Unfortunately, law enforcement officers have

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Though few then could have realised it, a tiny but unmistakeable line runs from the novel Lawrence wrote in the late 1920s to an international pornography industry today worth more than £26 billion a year. Now that public obscenity has become commonplace, it is hard to recapture the atmosphere of a

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drives out falsity, therefore the free expression of ideas, true or false, should not be feared. Truth is not stable or fixed but evolves with time. Mill argued that much of what we once considered true has turned out false. Therefore, views should not be prohibited for their apparent falsity. Mill

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and the pursuit of happiness. However, Locke's ideas evolved primarily around the concept of the right to seek salvation for one's soul. He was thus primarily concerned with theological matters. Locke neither supported a universal toleration of peoples nor freedom of speech; according to his ideas,

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Jeremy Paxman famously said he went into journalism after hearing that the relationship between a journalist and a politician was akin to that of a dog and a lamppost. Several MPs now want to replace this with a principle whereby MPs define the parameters under which the press operates – and "work

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Society can and does execute its own mandates ... it practises a social tyranny more formidable than many kinds of political oppression, since, though not usually upheld by such extreme penalties, it leaves fewer means of escape, penetrating much more deeply into the details of life, and enslaving

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Comparison may be made between Mill's 'tyrannical majority' and the employer who dismisses an employee for expression that it dislikes on moral grounds. The protection of employer action in these circumstances evokes Mill's concern about state tolerance of coercive means to ensure conformity with

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may occur through legal sanction, and others may occur through social disapprobation. In Saudi Arabia, journalists are forbidden to write with disrespect or disapproval of the royal family, religion, or the government. Journalists are also not given any legal protection for their writing in Saudi

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of all people. Nevertheless, Milton also articulated the main strands of future discussions about freedom of expression. By defining the scope of freedom of expression and "harmful" speech, Milton argued against the principle of pre-censorship and in favor of tolerance for a wide range of views.

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argued that "...there ought to exist the fullest liberty of professing and discussing, as a matter of ethical conviction, any doctrine, however immoral it may be considered". Mill argues that the fullest liberty of expression is required to push arguments to their logical limits, rather than the

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TODAY is the 50th anniversary of the court ruling that overturned America's obscenity laws, setting off an explosion of free speech — and also, in retrospect, splashing cold water on the idea, much discussed during Sonia Sotomayor's Supreme Court confirmation hearings, that judges are "umpires"

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The idea of the "offense principle" is also used to justify speech limitations, describing the restriction on forms of expression deemed offensive to society, considering factors such as extent, duration, motives of the speaker, and ease with which it could be avoided. With the evolution of the

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Article 19 of the UDHR states that "everyone shall have the right to hold opinions without interference" and "everyone shall have the right to freedom of expression; this right shall include freedom to seek, receive, and impart information and ideas of all kinds, regardless of frontiers, either

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introduced what is known as the "offence principle". Feinberg wrote, "It is always a good reason in support of a proposed criminal prohibition that it would probably be an effective way of preventing serious offence (as opposed to injury or harm) to persons other than the actor, and that it is

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would not have sufficient information for the drafting of good laws, and those dispensing justice would not be monitored, nor would the subjects know the requirements of the law, the limits of the rights of government, and their responsibilities. Education and ethical conduct would be crushed;

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has outlined conditions in which freedom of the press may constrain freedom of speech. For example, if all the people who control the various mediums of publication suppress information or stifle the diversity of voices inherent in freedom of speech. This limitation was famously summarised as

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argues that "the free speech principle involves a special act of carving out one area of social interaction for extraordinary self-restraint, the purpose of which is to develop and demonstrate a social capacity to control feelings evoked by a host of social encounters". Bollinger argues that

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Freedom of speech is understood to be fundamental in a democracy. The norms on limiting freedom of expression mean that public debate may not be completely suppressed even in times of emergency. One of the most notable proponents of the link between freedom of speech and

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was arrested in the U.S. due to complaints again about his use of various obscenities. A three-judge panel presided over his widely publicized six-month trial. He was found guilty of obscenity in November 1964. He was sentenced on 21 December 1964, to four months in a

2271:" is one of the six dimensions of governance that the Worldwide Governance Indicators measure for more than 200 countries. Against this backdrop it is important that development agencies create grounds for effective support for a free press in developing countries. 3225:

was chartered to curtail the "greate enormities and abuses" of "dyvers contentyous and disorderlye persons professinge the arte or mystere of pryntinge or selling of books". The right to print was restricted to two universities and the 21 existing printers in the

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In contrast to Anglophone nations, France was a haven for literary freedom. The innate French regard for the mind meant that France was disinclined to punish literary figures for their writing, and prosecutions were rare. While it was prohibited everywhere else,

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Jasper Doomen argued that harm should be defined from the point of view of the individual citizen, not limiting harm to physical harm since nonphysical harm may also be involved; Feinberg's distinction between harm and offence is criticized as largely trivial.

66:(1948)—Article 19 states that "Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers." 7003: 2454:

decisions have fashioned the principle that the constitutional guarantees of free speech and free press do not allow a State to forbid or proscribe advocacy of the use of force or law violation except where such advocacy is directed to inciting or producing

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later amends this by stating that the exercise of these rights carries "special duties and responsibilities" and may "therefore be subject to certain restrictions" when necessary "or respect of the rights or reputation of others" or "or the protection of

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developed ideas encompassing a more universal aspect freedom of speech and toleration than the early English philosophers. By the 18th century the idea of freedom of speech was being discussed by thinkers all over the Western world, especially by French

2795:'s government had been intensifying the scrutiny of social media accounts, under which they were detaining several activists, critics and even normal social media users over few critical tweets. A law professor, Awad Al-Qarni became a victim of Saudi's 4882:

In respect to all persons but those whose pecuniary circumstances make them independent of the good will of other people, opinion, on this subject, is as efficacious as law; men might as well be imprisoned, as excluded from the means of earning their

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met with Stalin in 1934 and was hopeful of reform in the Soviet Union. However, during their meeting in Moscow, Wells said, "the free expression of opinion—even of opposition opinion, I do not know if you are prepared yet for that much freedom here".

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discarded the previous test of "clear and present danger" and made the right to freedom of (political) speech protections in the United States almost absolute. Hate speech is also protected by the First Amendment in the United States, as decided in

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and court proceeding which may limit access to the search for information, or determine the opportunity and means in which freedom of expression is manifested within court proceedings. As a general principle freedom of expression may not limit the

2833:(EFF) has argued that "censorship cannot be the only answer to disinformation online" and that tech companies "have a history of overcorrecting and censoring accurate, useful speech—or, even worse, reinforcing misinformation with their policies." 2068:

The free communication of ideas and opinions is one of the most precious of the rights of man. Every citizen may, accordingly, speak, write, and print with freedom, but shall be responsible for such abuses of this freedom as shall be defined by

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been known to ask people to stop taking photographs of public places. Those who fail to comply have sometimes been harassed, detained, and arrested. Other people have ended up in FBI databases for taking innocuous photographs of public places.

3876:. Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights; adopted and opened for signature, ratification and accession by UN General Assembly resolution 2200A (XXI) of 16 December 1966, entry into force 23 March 1976. Archived from 4083: 1995:

claims meaning Parliamentarians are free to speak up in the House without fear of legal action. This protection extends to written proceedings: for example, written and oral questions, motions and amendments tabled to bills and motions.

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is the most famous and long-lasting example of "bad books" catalogues issued by the Roman Catholic Church, which presumed to be in authority over private thoughts and opinions, and suppressed views that went against its doctrines. The

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Freedom of speech is not regarded as absolute by some, with most legal systems generally setting limits on the freedom of speech, particularly when freedom of speech conflicts with other rights and protections, such as in the cases of

3234:. As the British crown took control of type founding in 1637, printers fled to the Netherlands. Confrontation with authority made printers radical and rebellious, with 800 authors, printers, and book dealers being incarcerated in the 3078:

and government information, works of dissent and criticism could also circulate rapidly. Consequently, governments established controls over printers across Europe, requiring them to have official licenses to trade and produce books.

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on December 2, 1766, passed the adoption of a freedom of the press regulation that stopped censorship and introduced the principle of public access to official records in Sweden. Excluded were defamation of the king's majesty and the

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In the United States, the right to freedom of expression has been interpreted to include the right to take and publish photographs of strangers in public areas without their permission or knowledge. This is not the case worldwide.

3331:. However Struensee himself imposed some minor limitations to this edict on 7 October 1771, and it was even further limited after the fall of Struensee with legislation introduced in 1773, although censorship was not reintroduced. 3364:

coined the following sentence to illustrate Voltaire's beliefs: "I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it". Hall's quote is frequently cited to describe the principle of freedom of speech.

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suggests the speech of pimps — instigating clients and sex workers to have sex — should be restricted. This suggests he may be willing to restrict some speech that, while not harming others, undermines their decisional autonomy.

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in several countries, including the United Kingdom, the United States, Australia, Canada, and India. In the late 1950s and early 1960s, it was the subject of landmark court rulings that saw the ban for obscenity overturned.

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has emerged in response to state sponsored censorship, monitoring and surveillance of the internet. Internet censorship includes the control or suppression of the publishing or accessing of information on the Internet. The

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is conducted under a wide variety of laws and administrative regulations, including more than sixty regulations directed at the Internet. Censorship systems are vigorously implemented by provincial branches of state-owned

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central argument for freedom of speech in On Liberty is that in order to maximize the benefits a society can gain ... it must permanently commit to restraining dominant groups from their natural inclination to demand

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Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of

6995: 3284:. A defence of free speech in an open society, the wall behind the statue is inscribed with the words "If liberty means anything at all, it means the right to tell people what they do not want to hear", words from 2621:

and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers. Communication is a fundamental social process, a basic human need and the foundation of all social organisation. It is central to the

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are used interchangeably in political discourse. However, in a legal sense, the freedom of expression includes any activity of seeking, receiving, and imparting information or ideas, regardless of the medium used.

2401:. These include Austria, Belgium, Canada, the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, Israel, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Slovakia, Switzerland and Romania. 2388:

Interpretations of both the harm and offense limitations to freedom of speech are culturally and politically relative. For instance, in Russia, the harm and offense principles have been used to justify the

9357: 5043: 3323:. The idea began to be incorporated in political theory both in theory as well as practice; the first state edict in history proclaiming complete freedom of speech was the one issued 4 December 1770 in 5074: 6270:

Mr Rusbridger said: "When people talk about licensing journalists or newspapers the instinct should be to refer them to history. Read about how licensing of the press in Britain was abolished in 1695.

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of their own homes. An otherwise identical activity might be permitted if it happened at a different time (e.g., during the day), at a different place (e.g., at a government building or in another

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Europe's highest human rights court ruled on Friday that disparagement of religious doctrines such as insulting the Prophet Muhammad isn't protected by freedom of expression and can be prosecuted.

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Limitations based on time, place, and manner apply to all speech, regardless of the view expressed. They are generally restrictions that are intended to balance other rights or a legitimate

2110:'s arguments, freedom of speech is understood as a multi-faceted right that includes not only the right to express, or disseminate, information and ideas but three further distinct aspects: 9443: 6939: 3377:, were in favor of freedom of speech for views they liked only. If you're in favor of freedom of speech, that means you're in favor of freedom of speech precisely for views you despise". 2124:

International, regional and national standards also recognise that freedom of speech, as the freedom of expression, includes any medium, whether orally, in writing, in print, through the

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as much as for free speech". International, national and regional standards recognise that freedom of speech, as one form of freedom of expression, applies to any medium, including the

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Some views are illegal to express because they are perceived by some to be harmful to others. This category often includes speech that is both false and potentially dangerous, such as

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which is an offence against the dignity of a reigning sovereign or against a state. Doing so constitutes an offence. For example, Saudi Arabia is responsible for executing journalist

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has called this defence of free speech on the grounds of democracy "probably the most attractive and certainly the most fashionable free speech theory in modern Western democracies".

9458: 5142: 6747: 10858: 1934: 10050: 9696: 7035: 7373: 1921:, which suggests that "the only purpose for which power can be rightfully exercised over any member of a civilized community, against his will, is to prevent harm to others". 5567: 4216: 4265: 3337:(1806–1873) argued that without human freedom, there could be no progress in science, law, or politics, which according to Mill, required free discussion of opinion. Mill's 9453: 4975: 4700: 4739: 4645: 4606: 4567: 2940:, a written work, once created, could only be physically multiplied by highly laborious and error-prone manual copying. No elaborate system of censorship and control over 2475: 9771: 6159:"13. John Milton (1608–1674). Areopagitica; A Speech of Mr. John Milton for the Liberty of Unlicenc'd Printing, to the Parlament of England. London: [s.n.], 1644" 4667: 5837: 1944:

The Human Rights Measurement Initiative measures the right to opinion and expression for countries around the world, using a survey of in-country human rights experts.

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of information" as information with previously little or no economic value has acquired independent economic value in the information age. This includes factual data,

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No evidence should be needed that a certain freedom of writing and printing is one of the strongest bulwarks of a free organization of the state, as, without it, the

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An Austrian woman's conviction for calling the Prophet Muhammad a pedophile did not violate her freedom of speech, the European Court of Human Rights ruled Thursday.

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when particular sites are requested. The government does not appear to be systematically examining Internet content, as this appears to be technically impractical.

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moved to impose censorship. Printing allowed for multiple exact copies of a work, leading to a more rapid and widespread circulation of ideas and information (see

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for spreading "fake news" about Russia's military operation in Ukraine. As of December 2022, more than 4,000 Russians were prosecuted under "fake news" laws. The

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routinely and automatically eliminates what it perceives as hate speech, even if such words are used ironically or poetically with no intent to insult others.

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in the UK wrote, "Now that public obscenity has become commonplace, it is hard to recapture the atmosphere of a society that saw fit to ban books such as

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Freedom of speech and expression, therefore, may not be recognized as being absolute, and common limitations or boundaries to freedom of speech relate to

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is a desirable value, if not essential. However, critics argue that society should be concerned by those who directly deny or advocate, for example,

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The notion that the expression of dissent or subversive views should be tolerated, not censured or punished by law, developed alongside the rise of

2625:. Everyone, everywhere should have the opportunity to participate and no one should be excluded from the benefits of the Information Society offers. 5941: 5887: 2944:

existed, who until the 14th century were restricted to religious institutions, and their works rarely caused wider controversy. In response to the

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Arabia. Journalist Jamal Khashoggi was a critic of the Saudi Arabian government. He was killed in 2018 by Saudi Arabian officials for his writing.

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The right to freedom of speech and expression is closely related to other rights. It may be limited when conflicting with other rights (see

11435: 9383: 5134: 2612:(WSIS) Declaration of Principles adopted in 2003 makes specific reference to the importance of the right to freedom of expression for the " 1746: 1123: 9585: 9513: 9433: 7057: 6969: 10294: 5750: 5577: 5309: 3997: 2275:

entering into discussion with others an individual participates in the development of knowledge and in the direction of the community".

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in most European countries lie in efforts by the Roman Catholic Church and governments to regulate and control the output of printers.

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What is considered a human right is in some cases controversial; not all the topics listed are universally accepted as human rights

4908: 4153: 3202:(1711) are credited for creating a 'bourgeois public sphere' in England that allowed for a free exchange of ideas and information. 2251:, indicates that freedom of speech, and the process of accountability that follows it, have a significant impact on the quality of 1466: 10261: 9711: 5121:

The freedom of speech does not extend to include defaming the prophet of Islam, the European Court of Human rights ruled Thursday.

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in 1789, specifically affirmed freedom of speech as an inalienable right. Adopted in 1791, freedom of speech is a feature of the

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coarseness in thought, speech, and manners would prevail, and dimness would darken the entire sky of our freedom in a few years.

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ceased being regulated in England in 1695 when the Licensing Order of 1643 was allowed to expire after the introduction of the

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or art forms. This means that the protection of freedom of speech as a right includes the content and the means of expression.

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orally, in writing or print, in the form of art, or through any other media of his choice". The version of Article 19 in the

1783: 1590: 1384: 1163: 63: 10210: 10190: 10170: 10145: 10110: 9418: 7454:– a research project of the Dahrendorf Programme for the Study of Freedom at St Antony's College in the University of Oxford 6582: 6196: 4513: 2474:, (1992) in which the Supreme Court ruled that hate speech is permissible, except in the case of imminent violence. See the 8916: 8109: 7291: 6283: 5663: 4897:"Speech, Truth, and Freedom: An Examination of John Stuart Mill's and Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes's Free Speech Defenses" 3579: 3369:

stated, "If you believe in freedom of speech, you believe in freedom of speech for views you don't like. Dictators such as

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A succession of English thinkers was at the forefront of early discussion on a right to freedom of expression, among them

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legally established the constitutional right of freedom of speech in Parliament, which is still in effect. This so-called

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at a politician's home during the middle of the night, as that impinges upon the rights of the politician's neighbors to

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According to Wu, in the 21st century, the danger is not "suppressive states" that target "speakers directly", but that:

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stated the overturning of the obscenity laws "set off an explosion of free speech" in the U.S. The 1960s also saw the

2730:(RWB) "internet enemy list" the following states engage in pervasive internet censorship: Mainland China, Cuba, Iran, 12110: 10740: 10035: 9994: 9202: 8968: 8842: 7874: 7497: 7304: 7164: 6879: 6671: 6461: 6428: 5501: 5407: 4330: 2905: 1876: 1461: 1086: 841: 10150: 9939: 9641: 4934:

Wragg, Paul (2015). "Free Speech Rights at Work: Resolving the Differences between Practice and Liberal Principle".

11940: 11301: 10449: 10439: 10246: 9949: 9879: 9844: 8807: 5013: 3571: 2004: 1739: 1496: 10338: 10205: 9518: 6226: 6166: 6049: 4364: 2726:

claims to remove blocks to the "free flow of information" for what they term "closed societies". According to the

12040: 11975: 11020: 10772: 10287: 9979: 9924: 9894: 9756: 6072: 5263:"ABA Division for Public Education: Students: Debating the "Mighty Constitutional Opposites": Hate Speech Debate" 2529: 2493: 2398: 2244: 1523: 428: 17: 9884: 3559:

in 2018. As he entered the Saudi embassy in Turkey, a team of Saudi assassins killed him. Another Saudi writer,

2807:

posts, but dissidents considered him as an important intellectual who maintained strong social media influence.

2232:

expanded on this defence when he argued that freedom of speech helps to provide a balance between stability and

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process and died before the appeal was decided. On 23 December 2003, thirty-seven years after Bruce's death,

1369: 1349: 5363: 3074:. While governments and church encouraged printing in many ways because it allowed for the dissemination of 3038:, but enforced by local government authorities, and went through 300 editions. Amongst others, it banned or 1404: 11995: 11980: 11875: 10130: 9984: 9964: 9919: 9869: 9849: 9834: 9741: 9463: 9347: 8210: 4869: 4832: 3720: 2773: 2284: 9839: 9814: 3183: 2156:, which play a special role as the bearer of the general right to freedom of expression for all. However, 12230: 11401: 10912: 10803: 9859: 9691: 9000: 8883: 8304: 8036: 7946: 7669: 3746: 3739: 3649: 3607: 3405: 3161: 2924: 2573: 2447: 2390: 1732: 1394: 971: 438: 332: 9854: 3141:

Give me the liberty to know, to utter, and to argue freely according to conscience, above all liberties.

1975:

claimed freedom of speech as "an ancient custom of Parliament" in the 1590s, and it was affirmed in the

861: 12250: 12240: 12128: 11272: 10995: 10444: 10280: 7913: 7352: 3776: 3634: 3494:

were published in France decades before they were available in the respective authors' home countries.

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and was facing death sentence. Saudi-controlled media portrayed him as a dangerous preacher due to his

2687:

and freedom of information acts as an extension to this right. Freedom of information may also concern

2551: 2470: 2255:

of a country. "Voice and Accountability" within a country, defined as "the extent to which a country's

1980: 1446: 1111: 896: 578: 423: 9681: 9473: 7133:

Free Speech, "The People's Darling Privilege": Struggles for Freedom of Expression in American History

6826: 3903: 3343:, published in 1859, became a classic defence of the right to freedom of expression. Mill argued that 3320: 70: 11920: 11880: 11321: 10866: 10474: 9279: 9214: 9075: 8554: 8258: 8200: 7810: 7530: 7208: 5798: 5491: 4394:

Andrew Puddephatt, Freedom of Expression, The essentials of Human Rights, Hodder Arnold, 2005, p. 128

3675: 3619: 3165:

of 1707, which listed the specific passages of books already in circulation that required censorship.

2983:'s printing press had resulted in a world infected by "pernicious lies"—so van Cuyck singled out the 2967: 2786: 2727: 2236:. Freedom of speech acts as a "safety valve" to let off steam when people might otherwise be bent on 2206: 1880: 1557: 1451: 1061: 851: 531: 517: 2419:

Certain public institutions may also enact policies restricting the freedom of speech, for example,

2086:

Today, freedom of speech, or the freedom of expression, is recognised in international and regional

1766:

of an individual or a community to articulate their opinions and ideas without fear of retaliation,

12142: 12020: 11748: 11510: 11470: 11460: 11408: 9085: 8909: 8215: 8180: 8125: 8011: 7694: 4056: 3705: 3486: 3449: 3239: 2887: 2402: 1344: 1329: 1195: 1091: 342: 149: 9368: 6163:

Early Censorship in England, "Heresy and Error": The Ecclesiastical Censorship of Books, 1400–1800

3273: 2671:

Freedom of information is an extension of freedom of speech where the medium of expression is the

946: 831: 11798: 11706: 11005: 11000: 10745: 9959: 9809: 9793: 8764: 8713: 8574: 8569: 7921: 7383: 3277: 3097: 2750: 2497: 2456: 1649: 1528: 1471: 1359: 1324: 1183: 1138: 1051: 886: 276: 241: 122: 6223:

The Index of Expurgations, "Heresy and Error": The Ecclesiastical Censorship of Books, 1400–1800

6046:

Ecclesiastical Censorship, "Heresy and Error": The Ecclesiastical Censorship of Books, 1400–1800

728: 12265: 11970: 11960: 11549: 11480: 11465: 10946: 10905: 10388: 10135: 9274: 9250: 9172: 8425: 8297: 7951: 7936: 7699: 7634: 6961: 6748:"Lady Chatterley trial - 50 years on. The filthy book that set us free and fettered us forever" 6453: 3218: 3174: 2883: 2718: 2680: 2666: 2555: 2487: 2264: 2024: 1864: 1562: 1538: 1506: 1476: 1441: 1436: 1411: 1272: 1190: 1066: 1036: 261: 6663: 6657: 6420: 5754: 5293: 4846:

the soul itself. Protection, therefore, against the tyranny of the magistrate is not enough...

4032: 3989: 3145: 2064:. The French Declaration provides for freedom of expression in Article 11, which states that: 12235: 12080: 12055: 11985: 11668: 11396: 11169: 11127: 11097: 10750: 10705: 9335: 9070: 9022: 9005: 8774: 8263: 8071: 8061: 8026: 7779: 7754: 7709: 7659: 7608: 7490: 7137: 6323: 6317: 5973: 5967: 5688: 5572: 5176: 5067:"Calling Prophet Muhammad a pedophile does not fall within freedom of speech: European court" 3796: 3786: 3122: 3067: 2953: 2754: 2650: 2438: 2324: 2141: 1930: 1892: 1683: 1605: 1580: 1552: 1511: 1491: 1481: 1426: 1364: 1339: 1255: 1250: 1215: 1200: 1153: 1148: 1143: 1133: 1128: 1081: 976: 951: 941: 846: 678: 663: 563: 505: 7460:– an international organisation that promotes and defends the right to freedom of expression 6412: 6219:"52. Jacobus de Voragine (c. 1230–1298). Legenda aurea sanctorum. Madrid: Juan Garcia, 1688" 4020: 3839: 821: 12075: 11830: 11743: 11721: 11644: 11640: 11569: 11485: 11430: 11425: 11248: 11092: 10981: 10767: 10715: 10421: 10398: 9666: 9309: 9299: 9294: 9255: 9240: 9112: 8985: 8956: 8723: 8190: 8150: 8031: 7855: 7835: 7719: 7664: 7654: 7598: 7525: 6783: 3766: 3761: 3602: 3575: 3515: 3459: 3361: 3198: 3178: 3173:

worldview. He thought that the English people had the mission to work out the truth of the

3000: 2879: 2450:

referred to the right even to speak openly of violent action and revolution in broad terms:

2268: 2219: 2166: 2157: 2000: 1976: 1671: 1486: 1431: 1421: 1399: 1379: 1374: 1334: 1319: 1297: 1260: 1210: 1168: 1158: 1118: 638: 603: 512: 465: 310: 184: 179: 174: 117: 5529:

Clarke, Ian; Miller, Scott G.; Hong, Theodore W.; Sandberg, Oskar; Wiley, Brandon (2002).

628: 102: 8: 12260: 12100: 11965: 11835: 11625: 11554: 11311: 11284: 11267: 11255: 11077: 11033: 10634: 10619: 9245: 8963: 8902: 8858: 8544: 8458: 8240: 7961: 7956: 7931: 7845: 7840: 7739: 7714: 7629: 7384:"Freedom of expression and the palladium of British liberties, 1650–2000: A review essay" 5901: 5167: 3695: 3690: 3440: 3205:

More governments attempted to centralize control as the "menace" of printing spread. The

3187: 3150: 3017: 2826: 2796: 2758: 2708: 2642: 2622: 2613: 2538: 2432: 1984: 1868: 1666: 1314: 1287: 1230: 1178: 961: 733: 673: 623: 396: 315: 256: 189: 159: 154: 127: 86: 75: 32: 8670: 4157: 2165:"Freedom of the press is guaranteed only to those who own one". Lichtenberg argues that 11820: 11736: 11726: 11559: 11522: 11452: 11391: 11374: 11328: 11238: 11152: 10966: 10824: 10777: 10710: 10467: 10409: 10403: 10382: 10322: 9289: 9267: 9017: 8837: 8779: 8703: 8615: 8605: 8528: 8442: 8420: 8334: 8278: 8155: 8081: 7976: 7774: 7759: 6635: 6547: 6446: 6250:"Leveson Inquiry: British press freedom is a model for the world, editor tells inquiry" 5724: 5618: 5179: 4896: 3807: 3751: 3665: 3660: 3612: 3454: 3316: 3221:. The right to print was limited to the members of that guild. Thirty years later, the 2980: 2577: 2161: 1957: 1795: 1389: 1292: 1205: 1001: 936: 836: 391: 371: 208: 55: 6854:"Dirty books and literary freedom: The Lady Chatterley publisher who beat the censors" 653: 12190: 12166: 11950: 11852: 11840: 11805: 11716: 11663: 11635: 11617: 11420: 11296: 11289: 11102: 11050: 11028: 10956: 10782: 10609: 10375: 10303: 10004: 9909: 9207: 9142: 9127: 9090: 8980: 8635: 8610: 8523: 8410: 8374: 8354: 8339: 8185: 8145: 8098: 8046: 7729: 7644: 7613: 7520: 7434: 7414:

Minorities, Free Speech and the Internet. United Kingdom, Taylor & Francis, 2023.

7403: 7357: 7336: 7310: 7300: 7274: 7266: 7256: 7226: 7212: 7198: 7184: 7160: 7141: 6909: 6711: 6705: 6667: 6639: 6627: 6572: 6551: 6539: 6484: 6457: 6424: 6413: 6327: 6126: 6078: 6009: 5977: 5881: 5625: 5596: 5530: 5497: 5458: 5431: 5403: 5299: 5199: 4729: 4635: 4596: 4557: 4503: 4464: 4416: 4188: 4110: 4036: 4021: 3685: 3552: 3538: 3435: 3394: 3266: 3035: 3008: 2597: 2229: 2057: 2008: 1821: 1708: 981: 738: 668: 643: 633: 613: 433: 251: 213: 59: 12149: 12095: 7328:

Freedom of Expression: Resistance and Repression in the Age of Intellectual Property

7026:"The first 50 lashes: A Saudi activist's wife endures her husband's brutal sentence" 5934:"The Menace of Unreality: How the Kremlin Weaponizes Information, Culture and Money" 5101:"Defaming Muhammad does not fall under purview of free speech, European court rules" 4791: 4320: 4238: 3043: 11711: 11701: 11527: 11475: 11379: 11243: 11132: 11082: 11060: 11055: 10986: 10884: 10549: 10544: 10513: 10361: 9304: 8975: 8863: 8832: 8785: 8728: 8693: 8665: 8640: 8584: 8518: 8364: 8349: 8175: 8091: 8056: 7764: 7734: 7724: 7689: 7603: 7593: 7583: 7547: 7542: 7483: 7395: 7248: 6996:"Opinion | Jamal Khashoggi: What the Arab world needs most is free expression" 6917: 6617: 6529: 5720: 4943: 4537:

Freedom of Expression: The Revolutionary Roots of American and French Legal Thought

3818: 3655: 3644: 3629: 3597: 3592: 3334: 3298:

By the second half of the 17th century philosophers on the European continent like

3262: 3231: 2683:. As with the right to freedom of expression, the right to privacy is a recognised 2676: 2525: 2381: 2361: 2146: 2087: 2046: 2016: 1912: 1884: 1624: 1617: 956: 906: 871: 816: 723: 708: 683: 618: 588: 455: 406: 381: 364: 359: 293: 218: 144: 132: 8478: 876: 12154: 12085: 12025: 11910: 11758: 11753: 11731: 11651: 11605: 11362: 11316: 11214: 11191: 11174: 11147: 10932: 10850: 10684: 10669: 10664: 10644: 10639: 10518: 9235: 9182: 9157: 9147: 9132: 9065: 9055: 8951: 8939: 8873: 8738: 8708: 8660: 8437: 8253: 8205: 8165: 8066: 8016: 7749: 7744: 7684: 7639: 7588: 7332: 7240: 7234: 7030: 6659:

They Never Said It: A Book of Fake Quotes, Misquotes, and Misleading Attributions

6566: 5193: 4868:(4th ed.). London: Longman, Roberts & Green (published 1869). para. 19. 4767: 4497: 4063: 3813: 3710: 3556: 3476: 3051: 2634: 2501: 1896: 1720: 1016: 1006: 991: 911: 901: 881: 773: 753: 713: 688: 598: 492: 480: 470: 411: 271: 266: 137: 7094: 5670: 5616:

Deibert, Robert; Palfrey, John G; Rohozinski, Rafal; Zittrain, Jonathan (2008).

4831:(4th ed.). London: Longman, Roberts & Green (published 1869). para. 5. 2918: 1899:, for example, yelling "Fire!" in a crowded movie theater where no fire exists, 12214: 12202: 12115: 12035: 11990: 11930: 11895: 11687: 11600: 11505: 11413: 11204: 11038: 10961: 10873: 10813: 10674: 10649: 10629: 10574: 10554: 10523: 10496: 10332: 8698: 8680: 8645: 8600: 8579: 8463: 8195: 8120: 8076: 7850: 7784: 7562: 7557: 7322: 7252: 7244: 4352: 3801: 3700: 3639: 3624: 3567: 3551:

In some countries, people are not allowed to talk about certain things such as

3426: 3324: 3299: 3227: 3047: 2945: 2937: 2816: 2509: 2348: 2320: 2182: 2170: 1908: 1856: 1791: 1688: 1661: 1656: 1629: 1585: 931: 866: 718: 693: 658: 608: 548: 475: 376: 337: 327: 201: 169: 6622: 6605: 6534: 6517: 5645: 3543: 3397:, a club which defends freedom of expression and a free press, English author 3190:

shortly after the Glorious Revolution. The emergence of publications like the

2478:

for more detailed information on this decision and its historical background.

921: 743: 12224: 12070: 11955: 11870: 11815: 11675: 11595: 11490: 11340: 11333: 11226: 11179: 11072: 10928: 10832: 10730: 10659: 10624: 10569: 10491: 10317: 9319: 8990: 8769: 8748: 8344: 8320: 8225: 8160: 8041: 7704: 7679: 7674: 7469: 7417: 7407: 7314: 7286: 7278: 7230: 6631: 6543: 3877: 3518: 3378: 3370: 3312: 3285: 3258: 3214: 3210: 3192: 3170: 3155: 2992: 2961: 2957: 2777: 2638: 2630: 2589: 2369: 2294: 2288: 2233: 1900: 1872: 1644: 966: 926: 856: 826: 793: 788: 768: 648: 573: 485: 348: 164: 10897: 5770:"'Equality of Injustice for All': Saudi Arabia Expands Crackdown on Dissent" 4947: 3217:

thought to stem the flow of seditious and heretical books by chartering the

2496:. For example, a time, place, and manner restriction might prohibit a noisy 12209: 12105: 11905: 11810: 11656: 11630: 11539: 11221: 11209: 11157: 11117: 11112: 10976: 10971: 10878: 10735: 10614: 10599: 10594: 10584: 10579: 10559: 10355: 9197: 9152: 9050: 9045: 8878: 8868: 8650: 8559: 8549: 8415: 8389: 8135: 8130: 8021: 7898: 7866: 7649: 7179: 5693: 5493:

The future of the public domain: identifying the commons in information law

4114: 3781: 3481: 3374: 3366: 3303: 3222: 3206: 3113: 3092: 3063: 3012: 2792: 2766: 2739: 2654: 2568: 2505: 2424: 2397:

issues. Many European countries outlaw speech that might be interpreted as

2347:. Justifications for limitations to freedom of speech often reference the " 2225: 2033: 1779: 1678: 1011: 986: 916: 763: 593: 583: 386: 4322: 12045: 11793: 11788: 11780: 11765: 11590: 11495: 11306: 11142: 11107: 11087: 11067: 11045: 11010: 10725: 10689: 10679: 10654: 10604: 10564: 10539: 10434: 10415: 9262: 9187: 9137: 9107: 9100: 9060: 8743: 8564: 8501: 8473: 8394: 8001: 7296: 7174: 5393: 4412:

Limits to tolerance: freedom of expression and the public debate in Chile

3756: 3680: 3560: 3498: 3471: 3398: 3308: 3290: 3246: 3118: 3087: 2996: 2692: 2684: 2585: 2559: 2420: 2312: 2186: 2107: 1972: 1968: 1960:

of free speech may have emerged in the late 6th or early 5th century BC.

1952:

Freedom of speech and expression has a long history that predates modern

1926: 1860: 1844: 996: 798: 783: 758: 553: 538: 445: 298: 246: 7292:

Freedom for the Thought That We Hate: A Biography of the First Amendment

5332: 5007: 4356: 3082: 1715: 12178: 11576: 11564: 11534: 11500: 11440: 11122: 10720: 10589: 10368: 9284: 9219: 9162: 8925: 8822: 8655: 8506: 8379: 8359: 8006: 7399: 7097:. National Legislative Bodies / National Authorities. 25 December 1993. 6732:

Freedom of Speech in Russia: Politics and Media from Gorbachev to Putin

6707:

The Tolerant Society: Freedom of Speech and Extremist Speech in America

3383: 3339: 3254: 3250: 3126: 3108: 3059: 3055: 2976: 2762: 2743: 2688: 2543: 2356: 2308: 2304: 2260: 2252: 2248: 2237: 2190: 2153: 1992: 1917: 1852: 1767: 1634: 1600: 1595: 1265: 778: 568: 543: 450: 303: 283: 94: 4321:

Arthur W. Diamond Law Library at Columbia Law School (26 March 2008).

3933: 12010: 11847: 11582: 11544: 11137: 10951: 10327: 9117: 9095: 8802: 8511: 8384: 8369: 7986: 7825: 7567: 7353:

Beyond the First Amendment: The Politics of Free Speech and Pluralism

6193:"Heresy and Error": The Ecclesiastical Censorship of Books, 1400–1800 4859: 4822: 3771: 3582:

in Article 29 of Chapter 2, Rights and Liberties of Man and Citizen.

3503: 3430: 2988: 2409: 2316: 2215: 1840: 1703: 1501: 703: 223: 12173: 10272: 4209:"The World's First Freedom of Information Act (Sweden/Finland 1766)" 12000: 11696: 11517: 11345: 11260: 11199: 11162: 9398: 8718: 8248: 8086: 7830: 7535: 7457: 7203: 7109:"Top Russian Journalist Defiant in Face of Fake News Investigation" 6913: 6606:"John Stuart Mill's Passage on Pimps and the Limits on Free Speech" 5620:

Access denied: the practice and policy of global Internet filtering

3729: 3670: 3387: 3357: 3235: 3104: 3071: 3039: 2949: 2804: 2770: 2672: 2563: 2547: 2413: 2201: 2125: 1938: 1937:

that filters potentially unfavourable data from foreign countries.

1848: 1825: 1639: 1612: 1516: 1307: 558: 401: 12197: 7463: 7270: 4761:

Church members enter Canada, aiming to picket bus victim's funeral

3547:

A map of countries which have lèse-majesté laws as of January 2023

2691:

in an information technology context, i.e., the ability to access

2430:

In the U.S., the standing landmark opinion on political speech is

2041: 11915: 11770: 11682: 10507: 9314: 9122: 8827: 8733: 8688: 8051: 7996: 7981: 7966: 7506: 5859:

Gebhart, Jillian C. York, David Greene, and Gennie (1 May 2019).

3725: 3011:

issued a Bill against the unlicensed printing of books. In 1559,

2941: 2850: 2800: 2731: 2256: 2152:

The right to freedom of expression is particularly important for

2037: 1964: 1904: 1888: 1836: 1763: 748: 354: 288: 10859:

Make Love, Not War: The Sexual Revolution: An Unfettered History

8289: 7077:"In Russia, critiquing the Ukraine war could land you in prison" 6002:

MacQueen, Hector L; Waelde, Charlotte; Laurie, Graeme T (2007).

5615: 2975:(1596), Henric van Cuyck, a Dutch Bishop, defended the need for 2765:

from being routed through and consists of standard firewall and

11935: 10818: 7552: 4863: 4826: 4173:"FECL 15 (May 1993): The Swedish Tradition of Freedom of Press" 3791: 3522: 3511: 2984: 2822: 1771: 418: 7451: 5861:"Censorship Can't Be The Only Answer to Disinformation Online" 5669:. Paris: Reporters Without Borders. March 2011. Archived from 5568:"Industry rejects Australian gov't sanitized Internet measure" 5135:"Europe Court Upholds Ruling Against Woman Who Insulted Islam" 4170: 3462:, a massive long-lasting student protest on the campus of the 2196: 31:"Free speech" redirects here. For the Eddie Harris album, see 11900: 11890: 11885: 11357: 11352: 9167: 8894: 6518:"J.S. Mill's Boundaries of Freedom of Expression: A Critique" 4760: 3958: 3448:

because it was likely to 'deprave and corrupt' its readers".

3344: 3075: 2735: 2649:. The commodification of information is taking place through 2140:). The right to freedom of expression is also related to the 1832: 5036:"Italian Parliament introduces holocaust denial legislation" 3169:

Milton's defense of freedom of expression was grounded in a

12030: 10844: 10839: 7445: 6818: 3507: 3125:

re-introduction of government licensing of printers, hence

2870:

deal primarily with Western culture and do not represent a

2749:

A widely publicized example of internet censorship is the "

2646: 2593: 2394: 7475: 7464:

Media Freedom Navigator: Media Freedom Indices at a Glance

7058:"Russia Jails Anti-War Journalist 6 Years for 'Fake News'" 3129:. Church authorities had previously ensured that Milton's 2338: 4953:

orthodox moral viewpoints and so nullify unorthodox ones.

3281: 2385:

equipped to determine the relative importance of harms".

2345:

falsely shouting "Fire!" in a theatre and causing a panic

5528: 2584:

The Internet is a far more speech-enhancing medium than

12015: 6311: 6309: 6284:"David Blunkert warns MPs against regulating the Press" 5961: 5959: 5803:

Knight First Amendment Institute at Columbia University

5298:. Wolters Kluwer Law & Business. pp. 153–154. 3959:"Right to opinion and expression - HRMI Rights Tracker" 2515: 1824:

or public order (ordre public), or of public health or

7180:

Cyber Rights: Defending Free Speech in the Digital Age

6819:"Berkeley FSM | Free Speech Movement 50th Anniversary" 6074:

Banned Books: Censorship in Eighteenth-Century England

5399:

Cyber Rights: Defending Free Speech in the Digital Age

4019:

Raaflaub, Kurt; Ober, Josiah; Wallace, Robert (2007).

3735:

Legal status of fictional pornography depicting minors

3270:

some groups, such as atheists, should not be allowed.

2657:, as well as broadcasting and telecommunications law. 2629:

According to Bernt Hugenholtz and Lucie Guibault, the

2542:, states that "the Internet has been a revolution for 12126: 5721:"II. How Censorship Works in China: A Brief Overview" 4323:"Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen" 2782:

Internet censorship in the People's Republic of China

2699:

government institutions that are subject to the Act.

6306: 6225:. Bridwell Library. 17 December 2000. Archived from 6195:. Bridwell Library. 17 December 2000. Archived from 6165:. Bridwell Library. 17 December 2000. Archived from 6048:. Bridwell Library. 17 December 2000. Archived from 6001: 5956: 5243: 5098: 4404: 4402: 4400: 3874:

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

2532:

as "a symbol to show support for personal freedoms".

2092:

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

5997: 5995: 5993: 5821: 5324: 4018: 2810: 2562:material on the Internet. In 1997, in the landmark 2054:

Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen

1047:

Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party

8259:Freedom from involuntary female genital mutilation 7157:Freedom and Equality in a Liberal Democratic State 6746: 6744: 6655: 6445: 6114: 6112: 6110: 6108: 6106: 6005:Contemporary Intellectual Property: Law and Policy 5617: 5489: 4154:""The Freedom of the Press Act", Sveriges Riksdag" 3983: 3981: 3979: 6690:Manufacturing Consent: Noam Chomsky and the Media 6400:. Oxford University Press. pp. 155ff, 781ff. 6345: 6343: 5751:"Chinese Laws and Regulations Regarding Internet" 4668:"A Decade of Measuring the Quality of Governance" 4397: 4390: 4388: 4386: 4384: 4382: 3257:as the unit of value and the bearer of rights to 2554:(CDA) of 1996 was the first major attempt by the 2476:First Amendment to the United States Constitution 2173:summed up by the principle "no money, no voice". 2062:First Amendment to the United States Constitution 12222: 6848: 6846: 6844: 6448:Scandinavia in the Revolutionary Era – 1760–1815 6443: 5990: 5531:"Protecting Free Expression Online with Freenet" 9400:Internet censorship and surveillance by country 6410: 6395: 6349: 6256:. Telegraph Media Group Limited. Archived from 6103: 5830:"Is Russian Meddling as Dangerous as We Think?" 5686: 5132: 5005: 3976: 3490:(banned in the U.S. until 1963) and Lawrence's 2844: 2675:. Freedom of information may also refer to the 2160:does not necessarily enable freedom of speech. 2131: 6920:, 23 December 2003. Retrieved 8 September 2019 6734:. Taylor & Francis, 25. 2016. p. 142. 6662:. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 6340: 6281: 6247: 5792: 5790: 5522: 4851: 4379: 4351: 4109:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 26–29. 4107:The Eighteenth-Century Constitution. 1688–1815 2412:is a crime. For example, in Austria, defaming 2090:. The right is enshrined in Article 19 of the 2032:Under the leadership of Anders Chydenius, the 10927: 10913: 10288: 9384: 8910: 8305: 7882: 7491: 6841: 6651: 6649: 6515: 4888: 4814: 4534: 3716:Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy 3213:was burned at the stake in 1546. In 1557 the 2868:The examples and perspective in this article 2459:and is likely to incite or cause such action. 1740: 1072:International Alliance of Libertarian Parties 1042:Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe 27:Right to communicate one's opinions and ideas 7896: 7470:Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression 6781: 6315: 5965: 5886:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 5064: 4499:Dare to Speak: Defending Free Speech for All 4175:. Archived from the original on 8 March 2016 4132:"MPs' Guide to Procedure: Freedom of speech" 4126: 4124: 3096:, in which he argued forcefully against the 2104:African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights 7927:Freedom from arbitrary arrest and detention 7335:(foreword). University of Minnesota Press. 6354:. Oxford University Press. pp. 265–67. 5787: 5450: 4357:"The Universal Declaration of Human Rights" 4266:"Helsingin Sanomat – International Edition" 2761:). The system blocks content by preventing 2393:restricting speech (and action) concerning 2259:are able to participate in selecting their 2197:Democracy in relation to social interaction 2117:the right to receive information and ideas; 2019:. In a report published in 1776, he wrote: 1979:. Restating what is written in the English 10920: 10906: 10295: 10281: 9391: 9377: 8917: 8903: 8312: 8298: 7889: 7875: 7816:Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness 7498: 7484: 6656:Boller, Paul F. Jr.; George, John (1989). 6646: 6452:. University of Minnesota Press. pp. 5656: 5590: 5490:Guibault, Lucy; Hugenholtz, Bernt (2006). 5421: 5419: 5006:Kenneth Einar Himma. "Philosophy of Law". 4927: 4860:"Of the Liberty of Thought and Discussion" 4693:"Freedom of expression promotes democracy" 4539:. Cambridge University Press. p. 225. 3897: 3895: 3133:was refused a license for publication. In 1747: 1733: 6929: 6703: 6621: 6564: 6533: 5595:. McGill-Queen's Press. pp. 232–34. 5361: 5295:Emanuel Crunchtime for Constitutional Law 5195:The Law of Speech and the First Amendment 4786: 4784: 4782: 4780: 4121: 2906:Learn how and when to remove this message 2789:, business companies, and organizations. 2776:. The system also selectively engages in 2660: 2481: 2120:the right to impart information and ideas 1077:International Federation of Liberal Youth 7370: 7197: 7095:"Constitution of the Russian Federation" 6687:Mark Achbar and Peter Wintonick (1992). 6364: 6070: 5591:Martin, Robert; Adam, G. Stuart (1994). 5430:. Routledge-Cavendish. pp. 463–65. 5330: 5099:Lucia I. Suarez Sang (26 October 2018). 4901:Yale Journal of Law & the Humanities 4894: 4691:Matschke, Alexander (25 December 2014). 4690: 4104: 3901: 3542: 3404: 3272: 3144: 3081: 2966: 2917: 2519: 2293: 2200: 2114:the right to seek information and ideas; 1933:, an initiative by Chinese government's 69: 54: 8141:Right to an adequate standard of living 6476: 6118: 6008:. Oxford University Press. p. 34. 5858: 5652:from the original on 27 September 2017. 5496:. Kluwer Law International. p. 1. 5451:Klang, Mathias; Murray, Andrew (2005). 5425: 5416: 5291: 4963: 4961: 4725:Propaganda and the Ethics of Persuasion 4631:Propaganda and the Ethics of Persuasion 4592:Propaganda and the Ethics of Persuasion 4553:Propaganda and the Ethics of Persuasion 4456: 3908:The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 3892: 3840:"Universal Declaration of Human Rights" 2610:World Summit on the Information Society 2339:Content viewed as harmful and offensive 2181:Freedom of speech is usually seen as a 2003:acts was introduced in Sweden in 1766 ( 1057:Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats 14: 12223: 7942:Cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment 7356:. The Johns Hopkins University Press. 7349: 7321: 7173: 7154: 7129: 6745:Sandbrook, Dominic (16 October 2010). 6603: 6568:Free Speech: A Very Short Introduction 6516:Cohen-Almagor, Raphael (6 June 2017). 6419:. Princeton University Press. p. 5809:from the original on 21 September 2020 5767: 5648:. Global Internet Freedom Consortium. 5392: 5191: 5016:from the original on 14 September 2008 4911:from the original on 24 September 2016 4777: 4721: 4627: 4588: 4549: 4495: 4023:Origins of democracy in ancient Greece 2753:" (in reference both to its role as a 2702: 2695:, without censorship or restrictions. 2176: 1954:international human rights instruments 1907:. Justifications for such include the 1798:that protects free speech. Terms like 47:Freedom of expression (disambiguation) 10901: 10302: 10276: 9372: 8898: 8293: 7870: 7821:Universal Declaration of Human Rights 7479: 7448:– global campaign for free expression 7285: 7038:from the original on 30 December 2021 6860:from the original on 17 November 2021 6497:from the original on 15 February 2022 6377:from the original on 14 December 2019 6139:from the original on 15 February 2022 6022:from the original on 15 February 2022 5914:from the original on 27 November 2020 5840:from the original on 14 February 2021 5827: 5701:from the original on 15 February 2022 5565: 5510:from the original on 15 February 2022 5312:from the original on 15 February 2022 5249: 4933: 4872:from the original on 14 November 2019 4835:from the original on 14 November 2019 4516:from the original on 15 February 2022 4477:from the original on 15 February 2022 4408: 4257: 4219:from the original on 15 December 2013 3987: 3159:(1260) was censored according to the 2508:), or in a different manner (e.g., a 2075:Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1947: 1784:Universal Declaration of Human Rights 64:Universal Declaration of Human Rights 7381: 7225: 7074: 7006:from the original on 20 October 2018 6890:from the original on 25 January 2021 6805:rather than agents of social change. 6759:from the original on 11 January 2022 6365:Jennings, Martin (7 November 2017). 6322:. Harvard University Press. p. 6290:from the original on 19 October 2017 5972:. Harvard University Press. p. 5687:Watts, Jonathan (20 February 2006). 5547:from the original on 11 October 2017 5374:from the original on 28 January 2013 5364:"The big business of net censorship" 5292:Emanuel, Steven L. (25 March 2020). 5145:from the original on 26 October 2018 5111:from the original on 26 October 2018 5077:from the original on 27 October 2018 4967: 4958: 4857: 4820: 4634:. Broadview Press. pp. 228–29. 4556:. Broadview Press. pp. 226–27. 4171:Fortress Europe? – Circular Letter. 3990:"Timeline: a history of free speech" 3466:, during the 1964–65 academic year. 2854: 2738:, North Korea, Saudi Arabia, Syria, 2576:partially overturned the law. Judge 2516:The Internet and information society 2263:, as well as freedom of expression, 1963:Freedom of speech was vindicated by 7440:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 6932:"Photography & First Amendment" 6880:"Lenny Bruce Gets 4 Months In Jail" 6585:from the original on 15 August 2021 6282:Nelson, Fraser (24 November 2012). 6091:from the original on 15 August 2021 5768:Nereim, Vivian (21 February 2023). 5471:from the original on 15 August 2021 5198:. Oceana Publications. p. 32. 5133:Bojan Pancevski (26 October 2018). 5009:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy 4796:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 4742:from the original on 15 August 2021 4648:from the original on 15 August 2021 4609:from the original on 15 August 2021 4570:from the original on 15 August 2021 4415:. Human Rights Watch. p. xxv. 4000:from the original on 29 August 2013 3850:from the original on 2 October 2019 3570:signed into law a bill introducing 3566:On 4 March 2022, Russian President 3563:, was arrested in 2012 and lashed. 3253:(1632–1704). Locke established the 3209:repressed printing and the printer 2679:in the context of the Internet and 2405:is also illegal in some countries. 2283:For specific country examples, see 2100:American Convention on Human Rights 2096:European Convention on Human Rights 1097:Liberal South East European Network 24: 7236:The Encyclopedia of Libertarianism 7123: 6968:. American Civil Liberties Union. 6829:from the original on 8 August 2017 5940:. 22 November 2014. Archived from 5828:Yaffa, Joshua (7 September 2020). 5799:"Is the First Amendment Obsolete?" 5796: 5731:from the original on 22 April 2015 5593:A Sourcebook of Canadian Media Law 5362:Glanville, Jo (17 November 2008). 5046:from the original on 15 March 2020 4971:The Collapse of the Harm Principle 4942:(1). Oxford University Press: 11. 4802:from the original on 23 March 2019 4086:from the original on 12 March 2017 3914:from the original on 18 March 2019 3902:van Mill, David (1 January 2016). 3572:prison sentences of up to 15 years 3464:University of California, Berkeley 2724:Global Internet Freedom Consortium 43:Freedom of speech (disambiguation) 25: 12277: 12111:Western European and Others Group 8319: 8062:Right to refuse medical treatment 7472:, Organization of American States 7428: 6794:from the original on 13 June 2018 6248:Rayner, Gordon (7 October 2011). 5566:Pauli, Darren (14 January 2008). 4978:from the original on 4 March 2016 4703:from the original on 2 April 2015 4302:from the original on 9 March 2020 4263: 4245:from the original on 6 April 2019 4069:Summer 2017 / Volume I, Number 2. 1956:. It is thought that the ancient 1762:is a principle that supports the 1087:Liberal Network for Latin America 520:(contributions to liberal theory) 12208: 12196: 12184: 12172: 12160: 12148: 12136: 10440:Pornography in the United States 8808:Concentration of media ownership 7437:entry by Jeffrey Howard in the 7382:Shaw, Caroline (November 2020). 7229:(2008). "Freedom of Speech". In 7101: 7087: 7068: 7050: 7018: 6988: 6954: 6942:from the original on 2 July 2019 6923: 6902: 6872: 5065:Chase Winter (26 October 2018). 4728:. Broadview Press. p. 229. 4595:. Broadview Press. p. 226. 4496:Nossel, Suzanne (28 July 2020). 4429:from the original on 9 July 2021 4367:from the original on 3 July 2017 4333:from the original on 6 June 2013 3988:Smith, David (5 February 2006). 3480:was published in Paris in 1922. 3393:As chairman of the London-based 2859: 2811:Relationship with disinformation 2365:limits of social embarrassment. 2332:limitations to freedom of speech 2138:limitations on freedom of speech 2137: 2077:, adopted in 1948, states that: 2005:Swedish Freedom of the Press Act 1714: 1702: 101: 10773:New Andy Warhol Garrick Theatre 6972:from the original on 9 May 2018 6810: 6775: 6738: 6724: 6697: 6680: 6604:Tunick, Mark (22 August 2022). 6597: 6558: 6509: 6470: 6437: 6404: 6389: 6358: 6275: 6241: 6211: 6181: 6151: 6064: 6034: 5926: 5894: 5852: 5761: 5743: 5713: 5680: 5638: 5609: 5584: 5559: 5483: 5454:Human Rights in the Digital Age 5444: 5386: 5355: 5343:from the original on 4 May 2007 5285: 5255: 5231: 5219: 5185: 5160: 5126: 5092: 5058: 5028: 4999: 4990: 4754: 4715: 4697:D+C Development and Cooperation 4684: 4660: 4621: 4582: 4543: 4528: 4489: 4450: 4447:New Yorker, 14 May 1960, p. 109 4441: 4345: 4314: 4284: 4231: 4201: 4164: 4146: 4098: 2530:AACS encryption key controversy 2245:Worldwide Governance Indicators 8924: 8274:Sexual and reproductive health 8171:Right to a healthy environment 7806:Liberty, equality, brotherhood 7075:Weir, Fred (5 December 2022). 6930:Kenworthy, Bill (April 2012). 6784:"The Day Obscenity Became Art" 5866:Electronic Frontier Foundation 5402:. MIT Press. pp. 349–52. 4535:Tourkochoriti, Ioanna (2021). 4072: 4055:Ofir Haivry and Yoram Hazony: 4049: 4029:University of California Press 4012: 3951: 3926: 3862: 3832: 3525:for his obscenity conviction. 2831:Electronic Frontier Foundation 2713:Internet censorship by country 2351:" or the "offence principle". 2278: 2205:Permanent Free Speech Wall in 1788:international human rights law 461:Separation of church and state 13: 1: 10809:Feminist views of pornography 10502:Masters and Johnson Institute 10339:Die Sexualität im Kulturkampf 8191:Right to public participation 7130:Curtis, Michael Kent (2000). 6782:Kaplan, Fred (20 July 2009). 6316:de Sola Pool, Ithiel (1983). 5966:de Sola Pool, Ithiel (1983). 5902:"What things regulate speech" 5331:Marcotte, John (1 May 2007). 4502:. HarperCollins. p. 10. 3906:. In Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). 3825: 3409:An "unexpurgated" edition of 3131:essay on the right to divorce 2821:Some legal scholars (such as 2436:(1969), expressly overruling 2298:Laws of holocaust denial 2022 1958:Athenian democratic principle 8211:Right to science and culture 6071:Castillo, Anastasia (2010). 5797:Wu, Tim (1 September 2017). 5192:Jasper, Margaret C. (1999). 4673:. World Bank. Archived from 3721:Legality of Holocaust denial 2973:Panegyricae orationes septem 2936:Before the invention of the 2845:History of dissent and truth 2633:is under pressure from the " 2536:Jo Glanville, editor of the 2285:Freedom of speech by country 2132:Relationship to other rights 7: 10804:Counterculture of the 1960s 8037:Right to keep and bear arms 7947:Freedom from discrimination 7670:Freedom from discrimination 7505: 6710:. Oxford University Press. 6189:"The index of expurgations" 6077:. GRIN Verlag. p. 12. 4895:Ten Cate, Irene M. (2010). 3747:Market for loyalties theory 3740:Simulated child pornography 3650:Everybody Draw Mohammed Day 3608:Strafgesetzbuch section 86a 3585: 3532: 3280:at the headquarters of the 3162:Index Librorum Expurgatorum 2925:Index Librorum Prohibitorum 2882:, discuss the issue on the 2391:Russian LGBT propaganda law 2243:Research undertaken by the 1935:Ministry of Public Security 10: 12282: 7531:Personification of Liberty 7422:La république des censeurs 7350:Nelson, Samuel P. (2005). 7253:10.4135/9781412965811.n112 6704:Bollinger, Lee C. (1986). 6571:. Oxford. pp. 24–29. 5428:Information Technology Law 4996:Doomen 2014, pp. 111, 112. 4858:Mill, John Stuart (1859). 4821:Mill, John Stuart (1859). 3938:humanrightsmeasurement.org 3777:Photography Is Not a Crime 3635:Civil and political rights 3536: 3329:Johann Friedrich Struensee 3177:, which would lead to the 2952:it allowed to spread, the 2848: 2814: 2706: 2664: 2552:Communications Decency Act 2485: 2471:R.A.V. v. City of St. Paul 2282: 1981:Declaration of Right, 1689 29: 11881:Anglo-Portuguese Alliance 11861: 11779: 11616: 11451: 11322:Standard Average European 11190: 11019: 10939: 10867:The Notorious Bettie Page 10796: 10698: 10532: 10484: 10475:The personal is political 10459: 10348: 10310: 10239: 10013: 9802: 9634: 9406: 9328: 9228: 9038: 8932: 8851: 8795: 8757: 8679: 8628: 8593: 8537: 8494: 8487: 8451: 8403: 8327: 8234: 8201:Right to rest and leisure 8107: 7912: 7905: 7811:All men are created equal 7798: 7622: 7576: 7513: 7466:, Deutsche Welle Akademie 7374:L'esercizio di un diritto 7371:Semeraro, Pietro (2009). 7209:New York University Press 6623:10.1017/S0953820822000280 6565:Warburton, Nigel (2009). 6535:10.1017/s0031819117000213 6444:H. Arnold Barton (1986). 4409:Brett, Sebastian (1999). 4193:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 3676:Global Network Initiative 3620:Bans on communist symbols 3576:1993 Russian Constitution 3521:granted him a posthumous 3390:(see limitations above). 3356:In her 1906 biography of 3117:, published in 1644, was 2728:Reporters without Borders 2207:Charlottesville, Virginia 2011:member of parliament and 1999:One of the world's first 1881:non-disclosure agreements 1778:has been recognised as a 1770:, or legal sanction. The 1684:Sexually liberal feminism 1591:Bias in American academia 1062:European Democratic Party 518:List of liberal theorists 12021:Lancaster House Treaties 11511:Christian existentialism 11471:Ancient Roman philosophy 11461:Ancient Greek philosophy 9444:Central African Republic 9086:Content-control software 8884:Society of the Spectacle 8216:Right to social security 8181:Right to Internet access 8126:Equal pay for equal work 8012:Presumption of innocence 6415:A Revolution of the Mind 6411:Jonathan Israel (2010). 6396:Jonathan Israel (2006). 6367:"Orwell statue unveiled" 6350:Jonathan Israel (2002). 5540:. IEEE. pp. 40–49. 5457:. Routledge. p. 1. 4968:Harcourt. "Conclusion". 4766:15 February 2022 at the 4105:Williams, E. N. (1960). 3706:Investigative journalism 3034:was administered by the 3023:List of Prohibited Books 2930:List of Prohibited Books 2403:Armenian genocide denial 343:Labor theory of property 11799:Equality before the law 11006:Romano-Germanic culture 9930:Palestinian territories 9341:Chinese issues overseas 8765:Influence of mass media 8570:Narcotizing dysfunction 8092:right to be a candidate 7922:Equality before the law 7155:Doomen, Jasper (2014). 6962:"Photographers' Rights" 6480:Ethics & Journalism 6477:Sanders, Karen (2003). 6398:Enlightenment Contested 6319:Technologies of freedom 6122:Ethics & Journalism 6119:Sanders, Karen (2003). 5969:Technologies of freedom 5426:Rowland, Diane (2005). 5139:The Wall Street Journal 4722:Marlin, Randal (2002). 4628:Marlin, Randal (2002). 4589:Marlin, Randal (2002). 4550:Marlin, Randal (2002). 4460:Ethics & Journalism 4457:Sanders, Karen (2003). 3492:Lady Chatterley's Lover 3446:Lady Chatterley's Lover 3422:Lady Chatterley's Lover 3412:Lady Chatterley's Lover 3321:Claude Adrien Helvétius 3288:'s proposed preface to 3238:in Paris before it was 3123:Parliament of England's 3098:Licensing Order of 1643 2751:Great Firewall of China 2528:was created during the 2498:political demonstration 2457:imminent lawless action 1989:parliamentary privilege 1052:Arab Liberal Federation 242:Consent of the governed 11961:Eastern European Group 11550:Continental philosophy 11481:Judeo-Christian ethics 11466:Hellenistic philosophy 10947:Cradle of civilization 10389:Divorce law by country 10100:YouTube video blocking 10051:Bosnia and Herzegovina 9315:Suppression of dissent 8426:Freedom of information 7952:Freedom of information 7937:Freedom of association 6910:"Lenny Bruce Pardoned" 6817: 4936:Industrial Law Journal 3910:(Fall 2016 ed.). 3548: 3416: 3327:during the regency of 3295: 3166: 3143: 3100: 3004: 2991:, and the writings of 2948:, and the theological 2933: 2842: 2719:freedom of information 2681:information technology 2667:Freedom of information 2661:Freedom of information 2627: 2606: 2556:United States Congress 2533: 2488:Time, place and manner 2482:Time, place and manner 2461: 2425:state-operated schools 2299: 2265:freedom of association 2210: 2084: 2071: 2030: 1865:classified information 1794:. Many countries have 1067:European Liberal Youth 1037:Africa Liberal Network 262:Economic globalization 79: 67: 12246:Freedom of expression 12081:Three Seas Initiative 12056:Pacific Islands Forum 11921:British–Irish Council 11669:Greek Orthodox Church 11128:Industrial Revolution 11098:Scientific Revolution 10706:55th Street Playhouse 9081:Conspiracy of silence 9071:Collateral censorship 8996:Speech and expression 8813:Exploitation of women 8264:Intersex human rights 8072:Right of self-defense 8027:Right to a fair trial 7239:. Thousand Oaks, CA: 7138:Duke University Press 6352:Radical Enlightenment 5580:on 12 September 2012. 5573:The Industry Standard 4948:10.1093/indlaw/dwu031 4355:(10 September 1948). 4160:on 30 September 2007. 4080:"Bill of Rights 1689" 4057:What Is Conservatism? 3797:Safety of journalists 3787:Political correctness 3546: 3537:Further information: 3506:. He was set free on 3408: 3276: 3149:This 1688 edition of 3148: 3139: 3085: 3068:Jean-Jacques Rousseau 2970: 2954:Roman Catholic Church 2921: 2849:Further information: 2838: 2815:Further information: 2651:intellectual property 2618: 2582: 2523: 2452: 2439:Whitney v. California 2325:intellectual property 2297: 2204: 2142:right to a fair trial 2102:and Article 9 of the 2079: 2066: 2056:, adopted during the 2021: 2007:), mainly due to the 1991:includes no possible 1931:Golden Shield Project 1893:right to be forgotten 1808:freedom of expression 1776:freedom of expression 1709:Liberalism portal 1581:Anti-authoritarianism 1082:Liberal International 73: 58: 12256:Political philosophy 12076:Special Relationship 11486:Christian philosophy 11431:Western Christianity 11093:Age of Enlightenment 10967:Hellenistic Kingdoms 10768:Mineshaft (gay club) 10716:Catacombs (sex club) 10422:Obergefell v. Hodges 10399:Freedom of the press 9990:United Arab Emirates 9358:Muhammad controversy 9295:Naturalistic fallacy 9203:computer and network 8151:Right to development 8032:Right to family life 7982:Freedom from torture 7967:Freedom from slavery 7856:Right-libertarianism 7836:Civil libertarianism 7790:Water and sanitation 7526:Moral responsibility 6886:. 22 December 1964. 6483:. Sage. p. 67. 6125:. Sage. p. 66. 5757:on 20 February 2012. 4463:. Sage. p. 68. 4062:7 April 2021 at the 3767:Paradox of tolerance 3762:Open court principle 3603:Bans on Nazi symbols 3578:expressly prohibits 3460:Free Speech Movement 3362:Evelyn Beatrice Hall 3278:George Orwell statue 3184:Freedom of the press 3001:Erasmus of Rotterdam 2888:create a new article 2880:improve this article 2220:Alexander Meiklejohn 2169:is simply a form of 2167:freedom of the press 2158:freedom of the press 2098:, Article 13 of the 2094:, Article 10 of the 2001:freedom of the press 1977:Protestation of 1621 513:Age of Enlightenment 466:Separation of powers 41:For other uses, see 12101:West Nordic Council 11966:Eastern Partnership 11555:Analytic philosophy 11256:Classical tradition 11078:Early modern period 11034:Classical antiquity 11029:European Bronze Age 10635:Robert Mapplethorpe 9772:Trinidad and Tobago 9353:Internet censorship 8859:Advanced capitalism 8545:Cult of personality 8459:Advanced capitalism 7962:Freedom of religion 7957:Freedom of movement 7932:Freedom of assembly 7914:Civil and political 7846:Left-libertarianism 7841:Drug liberalization 7458:Index on Censorship 7435:"Freedom of Speech" 7247:. pp. 182–85. 7064:. 15 February 2023. 7002:. 17 October 2018. 7000:The Washington Post 6229:on 8 September 2012 6199:on 8 September 2012 6169:on 5 September 2012 6052:on 8 September 2012 5267:www.americanbar.org 5168:Brandenburg v. Ohio 4792:"Freedom of Speech" 4292:"Freedom of Speech" 4272:on 20 November 2007 3904:"Freedom of Speech" 3696:IFEX (organization) 3691:Internet censorship 3219:Stationers' Company 3188:Bill of Rights 1689 3151:Jacobus de Voragine 3121:'s response to the 3090:'s 1644 edition of 3032:Index Expurgatorius 3027:Index Expurgatorius 3018:Index Expurgatorius 2827:Columbia University 2797:internet censorship 2759:Great Wall of China 2709:Internet censorship 2703:Internet censorship 2643:genetic information 2623:Information Society 2614:Information Society 2539:Index on Censorship 2494:government interest 2433:Brandenburg v. Ohio 2408:In some countries, 2177:As a negative right 1985:Bill of Rights 1689 1869:copyright violation 1721:Politics portal 424:Civil and political 397:Popular sovereignty 257:Economic liberalism 12231:Fundamental rights 11560:Post-structuralism 11523:Christian humanism 11153:Universal suffrage 10825:Inside Deep Throat 10711:Caldron (sex club) 10468:Make love, not war 10410:Loving v. Virginia 10404:Golden Age of Porn 10323:Male contraceptive 9697:Dominican Republic 9290:Moralistic fallacy 9028:banned video games 9011:banned televisions 8780:Semiotic democracy 8704:Civil disobedience 8616:Media manipulation 8606:Crowd manipulation 8529:Tabloid journalism 8443:Media transparency 8421:Media independence 8335:24-hour news cycle 8279:Right to sexuality 8156:Right to education 8082:Security of person 7977:Freedom of thought 7452:Free Speech Debate 7400:10.1111/hic3.12629 7227:Kors, Alan Charles 7199:Grossman, Wendy M. 6884:The New York Times 6788:The New York Times 5944:on 12 January 2021 5774:The New York Times 5725:Human Rights Watch 5689:"War of the words" 5664:"Internet Enemies" 5538:Internet Computing 5333:"free speech flag" 5273:on 13 October 2016 4363:. United Nations. 3808:Stanley v. Georgia 3752:Media transparency 3666:Freedom of thought 3661:Free speech fights 3613:Verbotsgesetz 1947 3549: 3455:The New York Times 3417: 3296: 3167: 3101: 3005: 2981:Johannes Gutenberg 2960:). The origins of 2934: 2578:Stewart R. Dalzell 2534: 2448:U.S. Supreme Court 2300: 2211: 2162:Judith Lichtenberg 2073:Article 19 of the 1948:Historical origins 1804:freedom of speech, 1796:constitutional law 392:Permissive society 372:Limited government 80: 68: 12251:Philosophy of law 12241:Freedom of speech 12143:Freedom of speech 12124: 12123: 11951:Council of Europe 11853:International law 11806:Constitutionalism 11664:Eastern Orthodoxy 11170:Post–Cold War era 11103:Age of Revolution 10957:Greco-Roman world 10895: 10894: 10783:Sandstone retreat 10741:Dallas-Fort Worth 10610:Magnus Hirschfeld 10394:Freedom of speech 10376:Myra Breckinridge 10304:Sexual revolution 10270: 10269: 9366: 9365: 9348:Freedom of speech 9193:Strategic lawsuit 9143:National intranet 9091:Damnatio memoriae 8892: 8891: 8818:Freedom of speech 8636:Theodor W. Adorno 8624: 8623: 8611:Managing the news 8431:Freedom of speech 8411:Media development 8375:News broadcasting 8355:Independent media 8340:Alternative media 8287: 8286: 8186:Right to property 8146:Right to clothing 8131:Fair remuneration 8099:Right to homeland 8047:Right to petition 7972:Freedom of speech 7864: 7863: 7521:Cognitive liberty 7377:. Giuffre Milano. 7262:978-1-4129-6580-4 6936:Newseum Institute 6578:978-0-19-923235-2 6490:978-0-7619-6967-9 6333:978-0-674-87233-2 6286:. The Spectator. 6260:on 7 October 2011 6132:978-0-7619-6967-9 6084:978-3-640-71688-3 6015:978-0-19-926339-4 5983:978-0-674-87233-2 5676:on 15 March 2011. 5464:978-1-904385-31-8 5305:978-1-5438-0727-1 5205:978-0-379-11335-8 4798:. 17 April 2008. 4509:978-0-06-296606-3 4470:978-0-7619-6967-9 4422:978-1-56432-192-3 4082:. 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Emerson 2058:French Revolution 2009:classical liberal 1822:national security 1760:Freedom of speech 1757: 1756: 1596:Bias in the media 1112:Regional variants 429:Natural and legal 60:Eleanor Roosevelt 16:(Redirected from 12273: 12213: 12212: 12201: 12200: 12189: 12188: 12187: 12177: 12176: 12165: 12164: 12163: 12153: 12152: 12141: 12140: 12139: 12132: 11996:EU Customs Union 11528:Secular humanism 11476:Christian ethics 11426:East–West Schism 11409:Physical culture 11133:Great Divergence 11083:Age of Discovery 10922: 10915: 10908: 10899: 10898: 10620:Virginia Johnson 10550:Aleister Crowley 10545:Marilyn Chambers 10514:Protests of 1968 10362:Boys in the Sand 10297: 10290: 10283: 10274: 10273: 10262:Papua New Guinea 9546: 9393: 9386: 9379: 9370: 9369: 9305:Propaganda model 8933:Media regulation 8919: 8912: 8905: 8896: 8895: 8864:Culture industry 8833:Social influence 8786:The Lonely Crowd 8729:Political satire 8694:Call-out culture 8671:Jacques Rancière 8666:Marshall McLuhan 8641:Jean Baudrillard 8585:Viral phenomenon 8519:Public relations 8492: 8491: 8365:Mainstream media 8350:Electronic media 8314: 8307: 8300: 8291: 8290: 8176:Right to housing 8110:Economic, social 8057:Right to protest 8052:Right to privacy 7891: 7884: 7877: 7868: 7867: 7548:Positive liberty 7543:Negative liberty 7500: 7493: 7486: 7477: 7476: 7424:, L'Herne, 176p. 7411: 7378: 7367: 7346: 7318: 7282: 7222: 7194: 7170: 7151: 7117: 7116: 7115:. 23 March 2022. 7105: 7099: 7098: 7091: 7085: 7084: 7072: 7066: 7065: 7062:The Moscow Times 7054: 7048: 7047: 7045: 7043: 7022: 7016: 7015: 7013: 7011: 6992: 6986: 6985: 6979: 6977: 6958: 6952: 6951: 6949: 6947: 6927: 6921: 6918:Associated Press 6906: 6900: 6899: 6897: 6895: 6876: 6870: 6869: 6867: 6865: 6850: 6839: 6838: 6836: 6834: 6823:fsm.berkeley.edu 6814: 6808: 6807: 6801: 6799: 6779: 6773: 6772: 6766: 6764: 6750: 6742: 6736: 6735: 6728: 6722: 6721: 6701: 6695: 6694: 6684: 6678: 6677: 6653: 6644: 6643: 6625: 6601: 6595: 6594: 6592: 6590: 6562: 6556: 6555: 6537: 6513: 6507: 6506: 6504: 6502: 6474: 6468: 6467: 6451: 6441: 6435: 6434: 6418: 6408: 6402: 6401: 6393: 6387: 6386: 6384: 6382: 6362: 6356: 6355: 6347: 6338: 6337: 6313: 6304: 6303: 6297: 6295: 6279: 6273: 6272: 6267: 6265: 6245: 6239: 6238: 6236: 6234: 6215: 6209: 6208: 6206: 6204: 6185: 6179: 6178: 6176: 6174: 6155: 6149: 6148: 6146: 6144: 6116: 6101: 6100: 6098: 6096: 6068: 6062: 6061: 6059: 6057: 6038: 6032: 6031: 6029: 6027: 5999: 5988: 5987: 5963: 5954: 5953: 5951: 5949: 5930: 5924: 5923: 5921: 5919: 5913: 5906: 5898: 5892: 5891: 5885: 5877: 5875: 5873: 5856: 5850: 5849: 5847: 5845: 5825: 5819: 5818: 5816: 5814: 5794: 5785: 5784: 5782: 5780: 5765: 5759: 5758: 5753:. 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Article 2. 4892: 4886: 4885: 4879: 4877: 4855: 4849: 4848: 4842: 4840: 4818: 4812: 4811: 4809: 4807: 4788: 4775: 4774:, 8 August 2008. 4758: 4752: 4751: 4749: 4747: 4719: 4713: 4712: 4710: 4708: 4688: 4682: 4681: 4680:on 8 April 2008. 4679: 4672: 4664: 4658: 4657: 4655: 4653: 4625: 4619: 4618: 4616: 4614: 4586: 4580: 4579: 4577: 4575: 4547: 4541: 4540: 4532: 4526: 4525: 4523: 4521: 4493: 4487: 4486: 4484: 4482: 4454: 4448: 4445: 4439: 4438: 4436: 4434: 4406: 4395: 4392: 4377: 4376: 4374: 4372: 4349: 4343: 4342: 4340: 4338: 4329:. www.hrcr.org. 4318: 4312: 4311: 4309: 4307: 4288: 4282: 4281: 4279: 4277: 4268:. Archived from 4261: 4255: 4254: 4252: 4250: 4235: 4229: 4228: 4226: 4224: 4205: 4199: 4198: 4192: 4184: 4182: 4180: 4168: 4162: 4161: 4156:. 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10071:Czech Republic 10068: 10063: 10058: 10053: 10048: 10043: 10038: 10033: 10028: 10023: 10017: 10015: 10011: 10010: 10008: 10007: 10002: 9997: 9992: 9987: 9982: 9977: 9972: 9967: 9962: 9957: 9952: 9947: 9942: 9937: 9932: 9927: 9922: 9917: 9912: 9907: 9902: 9897: 9892: 9887: 9882: 9877: 9872: 9867: 9862: 9857: 9852: 9847: 9842: 9837: 9832: 9827: 9822: 9817: 9812: 9806: 9804: 9800: 9799: 9797: 9796: 9791: 9786: 9785: 9784: 9774: 9769: 9764: 9759: 9754: 9749: 9744: 9739: 9734: 9729: 9724: 9719: 9714: 9709: 9704: 9699: 9694: 9689: 9684: 9679: 9674: 9669: 9664: 9659: 9654: 9649: 9644: 9638: 9636: 9632: 9631: 9629: 9628: 9623: 9618: 9613: 9608: 9603: 9598: 9593: 9588: 9583: 9578: 9573: 9568: 9563: 9558: 9553: 9548: 9544:Western Sahara 9536: 9531: 9526: 9521: 9516: 9511: 9506: 9501: 9496: 9491: 9486: 9481: 9476: 9471: 9466: 9461: 9456: 9451: 9446: 9441: 9436: 9431: 9426: 9421: 9416: 9410: 9408: 9404: 9403: 9396: 9395: 9388: 9381: 9373: 9364: 9363: 9361: 9360: 9355: 9350: 9345: 9344: 9343: 9332: 9330: 9326: 9325: 9323: 9322: 9317: 9312: 9307: 9302: 9297: 9292: 9287: 9282: 9277: 9272: 9271: 9270: 9260: 9259: 9258: 9253: 9248: 9238: 9232: 9230: 9226: 9225: 9223: 9222: 9220:Word filtering 9217: 9212: 9211: 9210: 9205: 9195: 9190: 9185: 9180: 9175: 9170: 9165: 9160: 9155: 9150: 9145: 9140: 9135: 9130: 9128:Heckler's veto 9125: 9120: 9115: 9110: 9105: 9104: 9103: 9093: 9088: 9083: 9078: 9073: 9068: 9063: 9058: 9053: 9048: 9042: 9040: 9036: 9035: 9033: 9032: 9031: 9030: 9020: 9015: 9014: 9013: 9003: 8998: 8993: 8988: 8983: 8978: 8973: 8972: 8971: 8961: 8960: 8959: 8949: 8948: 8947: 8936: 8934: 8930: 8929: 8922: 8921: 8914: 8907: 8899: 8890: 8889: 8887: 8886: 8881: 8876: 8871: 8866: 8861: 8855: 8853: 8849: 8848: 8846: 8845: 8840: 8835: 8830: 8825: 8820: 8815: 8810: 8805: 8799: 8797: 8793: 8792: 8790: 8789: 8782: 8777: 8772: 8767: 8761: 8759: 8755: 8754: 8752: 8751: 8746: 8741: 8736: 8731: 8726: 8721: 8716: 8711: 8706: 8701: 8699:Cancel culture 8696: 8691: 8685: 8683: 8681:Counterculture 8677: 8676: 8674: 8673: 8668: 8663: 8658: 8653: 8648: 8646:Edward Bernays 8643: 8638: 8632: 8630: 8626: 8625: 8622: 8621: 8619: 8618: 8613: 8608: 8603: 8601:Catch and kill 8597: 8595: 8591: 8590: 8588: 8587: 8582: 8580:Sensationalism 8577: 8572: 8567: 8562: 8557: 8552: 8547: 8541: 8539: 8535: 8534: 8532: 8531: 8526: 8521: 8516: 8515: 8514: 8504: 8498: 8496: 8489: 8485: 8484: 8482: 8481: 8476: 8471: 8469:Bipartisanship 8466: 8464:American Dream 8461: 8455: 8453: 8449: 8448: 8446: 8445: 8440: 8435: 8434: 8433: 8428: 8418: 8413: 8407: 8405: 8401: 8400: 8398: 8397: 8392: 8387: 8382: 8377: 8372: 8367: 8362: 8357: 8352: 8347: 8342: 8337: 8331: 8329: 8325: 8324: 8317: 8316: 8309: 8302: 8294: 8285: 8284: 8282: 8281: 8276: 8271: 8266: 8261: 8256: 8251: 8245: 8243: 8232: 8231: 8229: 8228: 8223: 8221:Right to water 8218: 8213: 8208: 8203: 8198: 8196:Right of reply 8193: 8188: 8183: 8178: 8173: 8168: 8163: 8158: 8153: 8148: 8143: 8138: 8133: 8128: 8123: 8121:Digital rights 8117: 8115: 8108: 8105: 8104: 8102: 8101: 8096: 8095: 8094: 8084: 8079: 8077:Right to truth 8074: 8069: 8064: 8059: 8054: 8049: 8044: 8039: 8034: 8029: 8024: 8019: 8014: 8009: 8004: 7999: 7994: 7989: 7984: 7979: 7974: 7969: 7964: 7959: 7954: 7949: 7944: 7939: 7934: 7929: 7924: 7918: 7916: 7910: 7909: 7906: 7903: 7902: 7894: 7893: 7886: 7879: 7871: 7862: 7861: 7859: 7858: 7853: 7851:Libertarianism 7848: 7843: 7838: 7833: 7828: 7823: 7818: 7813: 7808: 7802: 7800: 7796: 7795: 7793: 7792: 7787: 7782: 7777: 7772: 7767: 7762: 7757: 7752: 7747: 7742: 7737: 7732: 7727: 7722: 7717: 7712: 7707: 7702: 7697: 7692: 7687: 7682: 7677: 7672: 7667: 7662: 7657: 7652: 7647: 7642: 7637: 7632: 7626: 7624: 7620: 7619: 7617: 7616: 7611: 7606: 7601: 7596: 7591: 7586: 7580: 7578: 7574: 7573: 7571: 7570: 7565: 7563:Social liberty 7560: 7558:Self-ownership 7555: 7550: 7545: 7540: 7539: 7538: 7528: 7523: 7517: 7515: 7511: 7510: 7503: 7502: 7495: 7488: 7480: 7474: 7473: 7467: 7461: 7455: 7449: 7443: 7430: 7429:External links 7427: 7426: 7425: 7415: 7412: 7379: 7368: 7362: 7347: 7342:978-0816650316 7341: 7319: 7305: 7287:Lewis, Anthony 7283: 7261: 7245:Cato Institute 7231:Hamowy, Ronald 7223: 7217: 7195: 7189: 7171: 7165: 7152: 7146: 7125: 7122: 7119: 7118: 7100: 7086: 7067: 7049: 7017: 6987: 6953: 6922: 6908:Minnis, Glenn 6901: 6871: 6840: 6809: 6774: 6737: 6723: 6716: 6696: 6679: 6672: 6645: 6616:(4): 392–408. 6596: 6577: 6557: 6528:(4): 565–596. 6508: 6489: 6469: 6462: 6436: 6429: 6403: 6388: 6357: 6339: 6332: 6305: 6274: 6240: 6210: 6180: 6150: 6131: 6102: 6083: 6063: 6033: 6014: 5989: 5982: 5955: 5925: 5893: 5851: 5834:The New Yorker 5820: 5786: 5760: 5742: 5712: 5679: 5655: 5637: 5631:978-0262541961 5630: 5608: 5601: 5583: 5558: 5521: 5502: 5482: 5463: 5443: 5437:978-1859417560 5436: 5415: 5408: 5385: 5354: 5323: 5304: 5284: 5254: 5252:, p. 124. 5242: 5230: 5218: 5204: 5184: 5159: 5125: 5091: 5071:Deutsche Welle 5057: 5027: 4998: 4989: 4957: 4926: 4887: 4850: 4823:"Introductory" 4813: 4776: 4753: 4735:978-1551113760 4734: 4714: 4683: 4659: 4641:978-1551113760 4640: 4620: 4602:978-1551113760 4601: 4581: 4563:978-1551113760 4562: 4542: 4527: 4508: 4488: 4469: 4449: 4440: 4421: 4396: 4378: 4353:United Nations 4344: 4313: 4283: 4264:Luoma, Jukka. 4256: 4230: 4200: 4163: 4145: 4120: 4097: 4071: 4048: 4041: 4011: 3975: 3950: 3925: 3891: 3880:on 5 July 2008 3861: 3844:United Nations 3830: 3829: 3827: 3824: 3822: 3821: 3816: 3811: 3804: 3802:Social capital 3799: 3794: 3789: 3784: 3779: 3774: 3769: 3764: 3759: 3754: 3749: 3744: 3743: 3742: 3737: 3723: 3718: 3713: 3708: 3703: 3701:Illegal number 3698: 3693: 3688: 3686:Heckler's veto 3683: 3678: 3673: 3668: 3663: 3658: 3652: 3647: 3642: 3640:Digital rights 3637: 3632: 3627: 3625:Cancel culture 3622: 3617: 3616: 3615: 3610: 3600: 3595: 3589: 3587: 3584: 3568:Vladimir Putin 3534: 3531: 3484:'s 1934 novel 3427:D. H. Lawrence 3325:Denmark-Norway 3300:Baruch Spinoza 3249:(1608–74) and 3228:city of London 3086:First page of 3048:Giordano Bruno 3044:René Descartes 2946:printing press 2938:printing press 2932:(Venice, 1564) 2922:Title page of 2914: 2913: 2874:of the subject 2872:worldwide view 2867: 2865: 2858: 2846: 2843: 2817:Disinformation 2812: 2809: 2704: 2701: 2665:Main article: 2662: 2659: 2616:" in stating: 2517: 2514: 2510:silent protest 2486:Main article: 2483: 2480: 2349:harm principle 2340: 2337: 2321:fighting words 2280: 2277: 2198: 2195: 2183:negative right 2178: 2175: 2171:property right 2133: 2130: 2122: 2121: 2118: 2115: 2047:Swedish Church 1949: 1946: 1911:, proposed by 1909:harm principle 1857:fighting words 1792:United Nations 1755: 1754: 1752: 1751: 1744: 1737: 1729: 1726: 1725: 1724: 1723: 1711: 1696: 1695: 1692: 1691: 1689:Utilitarianism 1686: 1681: 1676: 1675: 1674: 1669: 1662:Libertarianism 1659: 1657:Land value tax 1654: 1653: 1652: 1642: 1637: 1632: 1630:Egalitarianism 1627: 1622: 1621: 1620: 1610: 1609: 1608: 1598: 1593: 1588: 1586:Anti-communism 1583: 1577: 1575:Related topics 1574: 1573: 1570: 1569: 1566: 1565: 1560: 1555: 1550: 1549: 1548: 1543: 1542: 1541: 1531: 1529:Arizona School 1521: 1520: 1519: 1514: 1509: 1504: 1497:United Kingdom 1494: 1489: 1484: 1479: 1474: 1469: 1464: 1459: 1454: 1449: 1444: 1439: 1434: 1429: 1424: 1419: 1414: 1409: 1408: 1407: 1397: 1392: 1387: 1382: 1377: 1372: 1367: 1362: 1357: 1352: 1347: 1342: 1337: 1332: 1327: 1322: 1317: 1312: 1311: 1310: 1300: 1295: 1290: 1285: 1280: 1275: 1270: 1269: 1268: 1258: 1253: 1248: 1243: 1238: 1233: 1228: 1223: 1218: 1213: 1208: 1203: 1198: 1193: 1188: 1187: 1186: 1176: 1171: 1166: 1161: 1156: 1151: 1146: 1141: 1136: 1131: 1126: 1121: 1115: 1110: 1109: 1106: 1105: 1100: 1099: 1094: 1089: 1084: 1079: 1074: 1069: 1064: 1059: 1054: 1049: 1044: 1039: 1033: 1032: 1031: 1028: 1027: 1024: 1023: 1020: 1019: 1014: 1009: 1004: 999: 994: 989: 984: 979: 974: 969: 964: 959: 954: 949: 944: 939: 934: 929: 924: 919: 914: 909: 904: 899: 894: 889: 884: 879: 874: 869: 864: 859: 854: 849: 844: 839: 834: 829: 824: 819: 813: 810: 809: 806: 805: 802: 801: 796: 791: 786: 781: 776: 771: 766: 761: 756: 751: 746: 741: 736: 731: 726: 721: 716: 711: 706: 701: 696: 691: 686: 681: 676: 671: 666: 661: 656: 651: 646: 641: 636: 631: 626: 624:Wollstonecraft 621: 616: 611: 606: 601: 596: 591: 586: 581: 576: 571: 566: 561: 556: 551: 546: 541: 535: 530: 529: 526: 525: 522: 521: 515: 509: 504: 503: 500: 499: 496: 495: 490: 489: 488: 483: 476:Social justice 473: 468: 463: 458: 453: 448: 443: 442: 441: 436: 431: 426: 416: 415: 414: 409: 399: 394: 389: 384: 379: 377:Market economy 374: 369: 368: 367: 362: 352: 345: 340: 338:Invisible hand 335: 330: 328:Harm principle 325: 324: 323: 318: 313: 308: 307: 306: 301: 286: 281: 280: 279: 274: 264: 259: 254: 249: 244: 238: 235: 234: 231: 230: 227: 226: 221: 216: 211: 206: 205: 204: 199: 194: 193: 192: 177: 172: 167: 162: 157: 152: 147: 142: 141: 140: 130: 125: 120: 114: 111: 110: 107: 106: 98: 97: 91: 90: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 12278: 12267: 12266:Four Freedoms 12264: 12262: 12259: 12257: 12254: 12252: 12249: 12247: 12244: 12242: 12239: 12237: 12234: 12232: 12229: 12228: 12226: 12216: 12211: 12206: 12204: 12199: 12194: 12192: 12182: 12180: 12175: 12170: 12168: 12158: 12156: 12151: 12146: 12144: 12134: 12133: 12130: 12117: 12114: 12112: 12109: 12107: 12104: 12102: 12099: 12097: 12094: 12092: 12089: 12087: 12084: 12082: 12079: 12077: 12074: 12072: 12069: 12067: 12064: 12062: 12061:PROSUR/PROSUL 12059: 12057: 12054: 12052: 12049: 12047: 12044: 12042: 12039: 12037: 12034: 12032: 12029: 12027: 12024: 12022: 12019: 12017: 12014: 12012: 12009: 12007: 12004: 12002: 11999: 11997: 11994: 11992: 11989: 11987: 11984: 11982: 11979: 11977: 11974: 11972: 11969: 11967: 11964: 11962: 11959: 11957: 11956:Craiova Group 11954: 11952: 11949: 11947: 11944: 11942: 11939: 11937: 11934: 11932: 11929: 11927: 11924: 11922: 11919: 11917: 11914: 11912: 11909: 11907: 11904: 11902: 11899: 11897: 11894: 11892: 11889: 11887: 11884: 11882: 11879: 11877: 11874: 11872: 11871:ABCANZ Armies 11869: 11868: 11866: 11860: 11854: 11851: 11849: 11846: 11842: 11839: 11837: 11834: 11832: 11829: 11827: 11824: 11822: 11819: 11817: 11814: 11813: 11812: 11809: 11807: 11804: 11800: 11797: 11796: 11795: 11792: 11790: 11787: 11786: 11784: 11782: 11778: 11772: 11769: 11767: 11764: 11760: 11757: 11755: 11752: 11750: 11747: 11745: 11742: 11738: 11735: 11733: 11730: 11728: 11725: 11723: 11720: 11719: 11718: 11715: 11713: 11710: 11708: 11705: 11703: 11700: 11699: 11698: 11695: 11689: 11686: 11685: 11684: 11681: 11677: 11676:Protestantism 11674: 11670: 11667: 11666: 11665: 11662: 11658: 11655: 11654: 11653: 11650: 11646: 11642: 11639: 11638: 11637: 11634: 11633: 11632: 11629: 11628: 11627: 11624: 11623: 11621: 11619: 11615: 11607: 11604: 11603: 11602: 11599: 11597: 11596:Sovereigntism 11594: 11592: 11589: 11585: 11584: 11580: 11579: 11578: 11575: 11571: 11568: 11567: 11566: 11563: 11561: 11558: 11556: 11553: 11551: 11548: 11546: 11543: 11541: 11538: 11536: 11533: 11529: 11526: 11524: 11521: 11520: 11519: 11516: 11512: 11509: 11508: 11507: 11504: 11502: 11499: 11497: 11494: 11492: 11491:Scholasticism 11489: 11487: 11484: 11482: 11479: 11477: 11474: 11472: 11469: 11467: 11464: 11462: 11459: 11458: 11456: 11454: 11450: 11442: 11439: 11437: 11434: 11432: 11429: 11427: 11424: 11423: 11422: 11419: 11415: 11412: 11411: 11410: 11407: 11403: 11400: 11398: 11395: 11394: 11393: 11390: 11386: 11383: 11382: 11381: 11378: 11376: 11373: 11369: 11366: 11364: 11361: 11359: 11356: 11355: 11354: 11351: 11347: 11344: 11343: 11342: 11339: 11335: 11332: 11331: 11330: 11327: 11323: 11320: 11318: 11315: 11314: 11313: 11310: 11308: 11305: 11303: 11300: 11298: 11295: 11291: 11288: 11287: 11286: 11283: 11281: 11278: 11274: 11271: 11270: 11269: 11266: 11262: 11259: 11258: 11257: 11254: 11250: 11247: 11246: 11245: 11242: 11240: 11237: 11233: 11230: 11229: 11228: 11225: 11223: 11220: 11216: 11213: 11211: 11208: 11206: 11203: 11202: 11201: 11198: 11197: 11195: 11193: 11189: 11181: 11180:War on terror 11178: 11176: 11173: 11172: 11171: 11168: 11164: 11161: 11159: 11156: 11154: 11151: 11149: 11146: 11144: 11141: 11139: 11136: 11134: 11131: 11129: 11126: 11124: 11121: 11119: 11116: 11114: 11111: 11109: 11106: 11104: 11101: 11099: 11096: 11094: 11091: 11089: 11086: 11084: 11081: 11079: 11076: 11075: 11074: 11073:Modern period 11071: 11069: 11066: 11062: 11059: 11057: 11054: 11052: 11049: 11048: 11047: 11044: 11040: 11037: 11036: 11035: 11032: 11030: 11027: 11026: 11024: 11022: 11018: 11012: 11009: 11007: 11004: 11002: 10999: 10997: 10994: 10988: 10985: 10983: 10980: 10979: 10978: 10975: 10973: 10970: 10968: 10965: 10963: 10960: 10959: 10958: 10955: 10953: 10950: 10948: 10945: 10944: 10942: 10938: 10934: 10930: 10929:Western world 10923: 10918: 10916: 10911: 10909: 10904: 10903: 10900: 10887: 10886: 10882: 10880: 10877: 10875: 10872: 10869: 10868: 10864: 10861: 10860: 10856: 10853: 10852: 10848: 10846: 10843: 10841: 10838: 10835: 10834: 10830: 10827: 10826: 10822: 10820: 10817: 10815: 10812: 10810: 10807: 10805: 10802: 10801: 10799: 10795: 10789: 10786: 10784: 10781: 10779: 10776: 10774: 10771: 10769: 10766: 10762: 10761:San Francisco 10759: 10757: 10756:New York City 10754: 10752: 10749: 10747: 10744: 10742: 10739: 10738: 10737: 10734: 10732: 10731:Gay bathhouse 10729: 10727: 10724: 10722: 10719: 10717: 10714: 10712: 10709: 10707: 10704: 10703: 10701: 10697: 10691: 10688: 10686: 10683: 10681: 10678: 10676: 10673: 10671: 10668: 10666: 10663: 10661: 10660:Wilhelm Reich 10658: 10656: 10653: 10651: 10648: 10646: 10643: 10641: 10638: 10636: 10633: 10631: 10628: 10626: 10625:Alfred Kinsey 10623: 10621: 10618: 10616: 10613: 10611: 10608: 10606: 10603: 10601: 10598: 10596: 10593: 10591: 10588: 10586: 10583: 10581: 10578: 10576: 10573: 10571: 10570:Sigmund Freud 10568: 10566: 10563: 10561: 10558: 10556: 10553: 10551: 10548: 10546: 10543: 10541: 10538: 10537: 10535: 10531: 10525: 10522: 10520: 10517: 10515: 10512: 10510: 10509: 10505: 10503: 10500: 10498: 10495: 10493: 10492:AIDS epidemic 10490: 10489: 10487: 10483: 10476: 10472: 10469: 10465: 10464: 10462: 10458: 10451: 10448: 10446: 10443: 10441: 10438: 10436: 10433: 10430: 10426: 10424: 10423: 10419: 10417: 10414: 10412: 10411: 10407: 10405: 10402: 10400: 10397: 10395: 10392: 10390: 10387: 10385: 10384: 10380: 10378: 10377: 10373: 10371: 10370: 10366: 10364: 10363: 10359: 10357: 10354: 10353: 10351: 10347: 10341: 10340: 10336: 10334: 10331: 10329: 10326: 10324: 10321: 10319: 10318:Birth control 10316: 10315: 10313: 10309: 10305: 10298: 10293: 10291: 10286: 10284: 10279: 10278: 10275: 10263: 10260: 10258: 10255: 10253: 10250: 10248: 10245: 10244: 10242: 10238: 10232: 10229: 10227: 10224: 10222: 10219: 10217: 10214: 10212: 10209: 10207: 10204: 10202: 10199: 10197: 10194: 10192: 10189: 10187: 10184: 10182: 10179: 10177: 10174: 10172: 10169: 10167: 10164: 10162: 10159: 10157: 10154: 10152: 10149: 10147: 10144: 10142: 10139: 10137: 10134: 10132: 10129: 10127: 10124: 10122: 10119: 10117: 10114: 10112: 10109: 10107: 10104: 10101: 10097: 10094: 10092: 10089: 10087: 10084: 10082: 10079: 10077: 10074: 10072: 10069: 10067: 10064: 10062: 10059: 10057: 10054: 10052: 10049: 10047: 10044: 10042: 10039: 10037: 10034: 10032: 10029: 10027: 10024: 10022: 10019: 10018: 10016: 10012: 10006: 10003: 10001: 9998: 9996: 9993: 9991: 9988: 9986: 9983: 9981: 9978: 9976: 9973: 9971: 9968: 9966: 9963: 9961: 9958: 9956: 9953: 9951: 9948: 9946: 9943: 9941: 9938: 9936: 9933: 9931: 9928: 9926: 9923: 9921: 9918: 9916: 9913: 9911: 9908: 9906: 9903: 9901: 9898: 9896: 9893: 9891: 9888: 9886: 9883: 9881: 9878: 9876: 9873: 9871: 9868: 9866: 9863: 9861: 9858: 9856: 9853: 9851: 9848: 9846: 9843: 9841: 9838: 9836: 9833: 9831: 9828: 9826: 9823: 9821: 9818: 9816: 9813: 9811: 9808: 9807: 9805: 9801: 9795: 9792: 9790: 9787: 9783: 9780: 9779: 9778: 9777:United States 9775: 9773: 9770: 9768: 9765: 9763: 9760: 9758: 9755: 9753: 9750: 9748: 9745: 9743: 9740: 9738: 9735: 9733: 9730: 9728: 9725: 9723: 9720: 9718: 9715: 9713: 9710: 9708: 9705: 9703: 9700: 9698: 9695: 9693: 9690: 9688: 9685: 9683: 9680: 9678: 9675: 9673: 9670: 9668: 9665: 9663: 9660: 9658: 9655: 9653: 9650: 9648: 9645: 9643: 9640: 9639: 9637: 9633: 9627: 9624: 9622: 9619: 9617: 9614: 9612: 9609: 9607: 9604: 9602: 9599: 9597: 9594: 9592: 9589: 9587: 9584: 9582: 9579: 9577: 9574: 9572: 9569: 9567: 9564: 9562: 9559: 9557: 9554: 9552: 9549: 9545: 9540: 9537: 9535: 9532: 9530: 9527: 9525: 9522: 9520: 9517: 9515: 9512: 9510: 9507: 9505: 9502: 9500: 9497: 9495: 9494:Guinea-Bissau 9492: 9490: 9487: 9485: 9482: 9480: 9477: 9475: 9472: 9470: 9467: 9465: 9462: 9460: 9457: 9455: 9452: 9450: 9447: 9445: 9442: 9440: 9437: 9435: 9432: 9430: 9427: 9425: 9422: 9420: 9417: 9415: 9412: 9411: 9409: 9405: 9401: 9394: 9389: 9387: 9382: 9380: 9375: 9374: 9371: 9359: 9356: 9354: 9351: 9349: 9346: 9342: 9339: 9338: 9337: 9334: 9333: 9331: 9327: 9321: 9320:Systemic bias 9318: 9316: 9313: 9311: 9308: 9306: 9303: 9301: 9298: 9296: 9293: 9291: 9288: 9286: 9283: 9281: 9278: 9276: 9273: 9269: 9266: 9265: 9264: 9261: 9257: 9254: 9252: 9249: 9247: 9244: 9243: 9242: 9239: 9237: 9234: 9233: 9231: 9227: 9221: 9218: 9216: 9213: 9209: 9206: 9204: 9201: 9200: 9199: 9196: 9194: 9191: 9189: 9186: 9184: 9181: 9179: 9176: 9174: 9171: 9169: 9166: 9164: 9161: 9159: 9156: 9154: 9151: 9149: 9146: 9144: 9141: 9139: 9136: 9134: 9131: 9129: 9126: 9124: 9121: 9119: 9116: 9114: 9111: 9109: 9106: 9102: 9099: 9098: 9097: 9094: 9092: 9089: 9087: 9084: 9082: 9079: 9077: 9074: 9072: 9069: 9067: 9064: 9062: 9059: 9057: 9054: 9052: 9049: 9047: 9044: 9043: 9041: 9037: 9029: 9026: 9025: 9024: 9021: 9019: 9016: 9012: 9009: 9008: 9007: 9004: 9002: 9001:Student media 8999: 8997: 8994: 8992: 8989: 8987: 8984: 8982: 8979: 8977: 8974: 8970: 8969:circumvention 8967: 8966: 8965: 8962: 8958: 8955: 8954: 8953: 8950: 8946: 8943: 8942: 8941: 8938: 8937: 8935: 8931: 8927: 8920: 8915: 8913: 8908: 8906: 8901: 8900: 8897: 8885: 8882: 8880: 8877: 8875: 8872: 8870: 8867: 8865: 8862: 8860: 8857: 8856: 8854: 8850: 8844: 8841: 8839: 8836: 8834: 8831: 8829: 8826: 8824: 8821: 8819: 8816: 8814: 8811: 8809: 8806: 8804: 8801: 8800: 8798: 8794: 8788: 8787: 8783: 8781: 8778: 8776: 8775:Mediatization 8773: 8771: 8770:Media studies 8768: 8766: 8763: 8762: 8760: 8756: 8750: 8749:Strike action 8747: 8745: 8742: 8740: 8737: 8735: 8732: 8730: 8727: 8725: 8722: 8720: 8717: 8715: 8714:Demonstration 8712: 8710: 8707: 8705: 8702: 8700: 8697: 8695: 8692: 8690: 8687: 8686: 8684: 8682: 8678: 8672: 8669: 8667: 8664: 8662: 8659: 8657: 8654: 8652: 8649: 8647: 8644: 8642: 8639: 8637: 8634: 8633: 8631: 8627: 8617: 8614: 8612: 8609: 8607: 8604: 8602: 8599: 8598: 8596: 8592: 8586: 8583: 8581: 8578: 8576: 8573: 8571: 8568: 8566: 8563: 8561: 8558: 8556: 8553: 8551: 8548: 8546: 8543: 8542: 8540: 8536: 8530: 8527: 8525: 8522: 8520: 8517: 8513: 8510: 8509: 8508: 8505: 8503: 8500: 8499: 8497: 8493: 8490: 8486: 8480: 8479:Pensée unique 8477: 8475: 8472: 8470: 8467: 8465: 8462: 8460: 8457: 8456: 8454: 8450: 8444: 8441: 8439: 8436: 8432: 8429: 8427: 8424: 8423: 8422: 8419: 8417: 8414: 8412: 8409: 8408: 8406: 8402: 8396: 8393: 8391: 8388: 8386: 8383: 8381: 8378: 8376: 8373: 8371: 8368: 8366: 8363: 8361: 8358: 8356: 8353: 8351: 8348: 8346: 8345:Digital media 8343: 8341: 8338: 8336: 8333: 8332: 8330: 8326: 8322: 8321:Media culture 8315: 8310: 8308: 8303: 8301: 8296: 8295: 8292: 8280: 8277: 8275: 8272: 8270: 8267: 8265: 8262: 8260: 8257: 8255: 8252: 8250: 8247: 8246: 8244: 8242: 8237: 8233: 8227: 8226:Right to work 8224: 8222: 8219: 8217: 8214: 8212: 8209: 8207: 8204: 8202: 8199: 8197: 8194: 8192: 8189: 8187: 8184: 8182: 8179: 8177: 8174: 8172: 8169: 8167: 8164: 8162: 8161:Right to food 8159: 8157: 8154: 8152: 8149: 8147: 8144: 8142: 8139: 8137: 8134: 8132: 8129: 8127: 8124: 8122: 8119: 8118: 8116: 8113: 8106: 8100: 8097: 8093: 8090: 8089: 8088: 8085: 8083: 8080: 8078: 8075: 8073: 8070: 8068: 8065: 8063: 8060: 8058: 8055: 8053: 8050: 8048: 8045: 8043: 8042:Right to life 8040: 8038: 8035: 8033: 8030: 8028: 8025: 8023: 8020: 8018: 8015: 8013: 8010: 8008: 8005: 8003: 8000: 7998: 7995: 7993: 7990: 7988: 7985: 7983: 7980: 7978: 7975: 7973: 7970: 7968: 7965: 7963: 7960: 7958: 7955: 7953: 7950: 7948: 7945: 7943: 7940: 7938: 7935: 7933: 7930: 7928: 7925: 7923: 7920: 7919: 7917: 7915: 7911: 7904: 7900: 7892: 7887: 7885: 7880: 7878: 7873: 7872: 7869: 7857: 7854: 7852: 7849: 7847: 7844: 7842: 7839: 7837: 7834: 7832: 7829: 7827: 7824: 7822: 7819: 7817: 7814: 7812: 7809: 7807: 7804: 7803: 7801: 7797: 7791: 7788: 7786: 7783: 7781: 7778: 7776: 7773: 7771: 7768: 7766: 7763: 7761: 7758: 7756: 7753: 7751: 7748: 7746: 7743: 7741: 7738: 7736: 7733: 7731: 7728: 7726: 7723: 7721: 7718: 7716: 7713: 7711: 7710:Morphological 7708: 7706: 7703: 7701: 7698: 7696: 7693: 7691: 7688: 7686: 7683: 7681: 7678: 7676: 7673: 7671: 7668: 7666: 7663: 7661: 7658: 7656: 7653: 7651: 7648: 7646: 7643: 7641: 7638: 7636: 7633: 7631: 7628: 7627: 7625: 7621: 7615: 7612: 7610: 7609:Morphological 7607: 7605: 7602: 7600: 7597: 7595: 7592: 7590: 7587: 7585: 7582: 7581: 7579: 7575: 7569: 7566: 7564: 7561: 7559: 7556: 7554: 7551: 7549: 7546: 7544: 7541: 7537: 7534: 7533: 7532: 7529: 7527: 7524: 7522: 7519: 7518: 7516: 7512: 7508: 7501: 7496: 7494: 7489: 7487: 7482: 7481: 7478: 7471: 7468: 7465: 7462: 7459: 7456: 7453: 7450: 7447: 7446:Article19.org 7444: 7442: 7441: 7436: 7433: 7432: 7423: 7419: 7418:Jean Bricmont 7416: 7413: 7409: 7405: 7401: 7397: 7393: 7389: 7385: 7380: 7376: 7375: 7369: 7365: 7359: 7355: 7354: 7348: 7344: 7338: 7334: 7330: 7329: 7324: 7320: 7316: 7312: 7308: 7306:9780465039173 7302: 7298: 7294: 7293: 7288: 7284: 7280: 7276: 7272: 7268: 7264: 7258: 7254: 7250: 7246: 7242: 7238: 7237: 7232: 7228: 7224: 7220: 7214: 7210: 7206: 7205: 7200: 7196: 7192: 7186: 7183:. MIT Press. 7182: 7181: 7176: 7172: 7168: 7166:9782802746232 7162: 7158: 7153: 7149: 7143: 7139: 7135: 7134: 7128: 7127: 7114: 7110: 7104: 7096: 7090: 7082: 7081:CSMonitor.com 7078: 7071: 7063: 7059: 7053: 7037: 7033: 7032: 7027: 7021: 7005: 7001: 6997: 6991: 6984: 6971: 6967: 6963: 6957: 6941: 6937: 6933: 6926: 6919: 6915: 6911: 6905: 6889: 6885: 6881: 6875: 6859: 6855: 6849: 6847: 6845: 6828: 6824: 6820: 6813: 6806: 6793: 6789: 6785: 6778: 6771: 6758: 6754: 6753:The Telegraph 6749: 6741: 6733: 6727: 6719: 6713: 6709: 6708: 6700: 6692: 6691: 6683: 6675: 6673:0-19-505541-1 6669: 6665: 6661: 6660: 6652: 6650: 6641: 6637: 6633: 6629: 6624: 6619: 6615: 6611: 6607: 6600: 6584: 6580: 6574: 6570: 6569: 6561: 6553: 6549: 6545: 6541: 6536: 6531: 6527: 6523: 6519: 6512: 6496: 6492: 6486: 6482: 6481: 6473: 6465: 6463:9780816613922 6459: 6455: 6450: 6449: 6440: 6432: 6430:9780691142005 6426: 6422: 6417: 6416: 6407: 6399: 6392: 6376: 6372: 6368: 6361: 6353: 6346: 6344: 6335: 6329: 6325: 6321: 6320: 6312: 6310: 6302: 6289: 6285: 6278: 6271: 6259: 6255: 6254:The Telegraph 6251: 6244: 6228: 6224: 6220: 6214: 6198: 6194: 6190: 6184: 6168: 6164: 6160: 6154: 6138: 6134: 6128: 6124: 6123: 6115: 6113: 6111: 6109: 6107: 6090: 6086: 6080: 6076: 6075: 6067: 6051: 6047: 6043: 6037: 6021: 6017: 6011: 6007: 6006: 5998: 5996: 5994: 5985: 5979: 5975: 5971: 5970: 5962: 5960: 5943: 5939: 5935: 5929: 5910: 5903: 5897: 5889: 5883: 5868: 5867: 5862: 5855: 5839: 5835: 5831: 5824: 5808: 5804: 5800: 5793: 5791: 5775: 5771: 5764: 5756: 5752: 5746: 5730: 5726: 5722: 5716: 5700: 5696: 5695: 5690: 5683: 5672: 5665: 5659: 5651: 5647: 5646:"Our Mission" 5641: 5633: 5627: 5624:. MIT Press. 5622: 5621: 5612: 5604: 5598: 5594: 5587: 5579: 5575: 5574: 5569: 5562: 5543: 5539: 5532: 5525: 5509: 5505: 5503:9789041124357 5499: 5495: 5494: 5486: 5470: 5466: 5460: 5456: 5455: 5447: 5439: 5433: 5429: 5422: 5420: 5411: 5409:0-262-57168-4 5405: 5401: 5400: 5395: 5389: 5373: 5369: 5365: 5358: 5342: 5338: 5334: 5327: 5311: 5307: 5301: 5297: 5296: 5288: 5272: 5268: 5264: 5258: 5251: 5246: 5239: 5234: 5227: 5222: 5207: 5201: 5197: 5196: 5188: 5181: 5178: 5174: 5170: 5169: 5163: 5156: 5144: 5140: 5136: 5129: 5122: 5110: 5106: 5102: 5095: 5088: 5076: 5072: 5068: 5061: 5045: 5041: 5037: 5031: 5015: 5011: 5010: 5002: 4993: 4977: 4973: 4972: 4964: 4962: 4954: 4949: 4945: 4941: 4937: 4930: 4923: 4910: 4906: 4902: 4898: 4891: 4884: 4871: 4867: 4866: 4861: 4854: 4847: 4834: 4830: 4829: 4824: 4817: 4801: 4797: 4793: 4787: 4785: 4783: 4781: 4773: 4769: 4765: 4762: 4757: 4741: 4737: 4731: 4727: 4726: 4718: 4702: 4698: 4694: 4687: 4676: 4669: 4663: 4647: 4643: 4637: 4633: 4632: 4624: 4608: 4604: 4598: 4594: 4593: 4585: 4569: 4565: 4559: 4555: 4554: 4546: 4538: 4531: 4515: 4511: 4505: 4501: 4500: 4492: 4476: 4472: 4466: 4462: 4461: 4453: 4444: 4428: 4424: 4418: 4414: 4413: 4405: 4403: 4401: 4391: 4389: 4387: 4385: 4383: 4366: 4362: 4358: 4354: 4348: 4332: 4328: 4324: 4317: 4301: 4297: 4293: 4287: 4271: 4267: 4260: 4244: 4240: 4234: 4218: 4214: 4210: 4204: 4196: 4190: 4174: 4167: 4159: 4155: 4149: 4133: 4127: 4125: 4116: 4112: 4108: 4101: 4085: 4081: 4075: 4068: 4065: 4061: 4058: 4052: 4044: 4038: 4034: 4030: 4025: 4024: 4015: 3999: 3995: 3991: 3984: 3982: 3980: 3964: 3960: 3954: 3939: 3935: 3929: 3913: 3909: 3905: 3898: 3896: 3879: 3875: 3871: 3865: 3849: 3845: 3841: 3835: 3831: 3820: 3817: 3815: 3812: 3810: 3809: 3805: 3803: 3800: 3798: 3795: 3793: 3790: 3788: 3785: 3783: 3780: 3778: 3775: 3773: 3770: 3768: 3765: 3763: 3760: 3758: 3755: 3753: 3750: 3748: 3745: 3741: 3738: 3736: 3733: 3732: 3731: 3727: 3724: 3722: 3719: 3717: 3714: 3712: 3709: 3707: 3704: 3702: 3699: 3697: 3694: 3692: 3689: 3687: 3684: 3682: 3679: 3677: 3674: 3672: 3669: 3667: 3664: 3662: 3659: 3657: 3653: 3651: 3648: 3646: 3643: 3641: 3638: 3636: 3633: 3631: 3628: 3626: 3623: 3621: 3618: 3614: 3611: 3609: 3606: 3605: 3604: 3601: 3599: 3596: 3594: 3591: 3590: 3583: 3581: 3577: 3573: 3569: 3564: 3562: 3558: 3554: 3545: 3540: 3530: 3526: 3524: 3520: 3519:George Pataki 3517: 3513: 3509: 3505: 3500: 3495: 3493: 3489: 3488: 3483: 3479: 3478: 3473: 3467: 3465: 3461: 3457: 3456: 3451: 3447: 3443: 3442: 3441:The Telegraph 3437: 3432: 3428: 3424: 3423: 3414: 3413: 3407: 3403: 3400: 3396: 3391: 3389: 3385: 3380: 3379:Lee Bollinger 3376: 3372: 3368: 3363: 3359: 3354: 3351: 3346: 3342: 3341: 3336: 3332: 3330: 3326: 3322: 3318: 3314: 3313:Denis Diderot 3310: 3305: 3301: 3293: 3292: 3287: 3286:George Orwell 3283: 3279: 3275: 3271: 3268: 3264: 3260: 3256: 3252: 3248: 3243: 3241: 3237: 3233: 3229: 3224: 3220: 3216: 3215:British Crown 3212: 3211:Etienne Dolet 3208: 3203: 3201: 3200: 3195: 3194: 3189: 3185: 3180: 3179:enlightenment 3176: 3172: 3164: 3163: 3158: 3157: 3156:Golden Legend 3152: 3147: 3142: 3138: 3136: 3132: 3128: 3124: 3120: 3116: 3115: 3110: 3106: 3099: 3095: 3094: 3089: 3084: 3080: 3077: 3073: 3069: 3065: 3061: 3057: 3053: 3049: 3045: 3041: 3037: 3033: 3028: 3024: 3020: 3019: 3014: 3010: 3002: 2998: 2994: 2993:Martin Luther 2990: 2986: 2982: 2978: 2974: 2969: 2965: 2963: 2962:copyright law 2959: 2958:print culture 2955: 2951: 2947: 2943: 2939: 2931: 2927: 2926: 2920: 2910: 2907: 2899: 2896:February 2022 2889: 2885: 2881: 2875: 2873: 2866: 2857: 2856: 2852: 2841: 2837: 2834: 2832: 2828: 2824: 2818: 2808: 2806: 2802: 2798: 2794: 2790: 2788: 2783: 2779: 2778:DNS poisoning 2775: 2772: 2768: 2767:proxy servers 2764: 2760: 2756: 2752: 2747: 2745: 2741: 2737: 2733: 2729: 2725: 2720: 2714: 2710: 2700: 2696: 2694: 2690: 2686: 2682: 2678: 2674: 2668: 2658: 2656: 2652: 2648: 2644: 2640: 2639:personal data 2636: 2632: 2631:public domain 2626: 2624: 2617: 2615: 2611: 2605: 2603: 2599: 2595: 2591: 2590:village green 2587: 2581: 2579: 2575: 2571: 2570: 2565: 2561: 2557: 2553: 2549: 2545: 2541: 2540: 2531: 2527: 2522: 2513: 2511: 2507: 2503: 2499: 2495: 2489: 2479: 2477: 2473: 2472: 2466: 2460: 2458: 2451: 2449: 2445: 2441: 2440: 2435: 2434: 2428: 2426: 2422: 2417: 2415: 2411: 2406: 2404: 2400: 2396: 2392: 2386: 2383: 2378: 2374: 2371: 2370:Joel Feinberg 2366: 2363: 2359: 2358: 2352: 2350: 2346: 2336: 2333: 2328: 2326: 2322: 2318: 2314: 2310: 2306: 2296: 2290: 2286: 2276: 2272: 2270: 2266: 2262: 2258: 2254: 2250: 2246: 2241: 2239: 2235: 2231: 2227: 2223: 2221: 2217: 2208: 2203: 2194: 2192: 2188: 2184: 2174: 2172: 2168: 2163: 2159: 2155: 2150: 2148: 2143: 2139: 2129: 2127: 2119: 2116: 2113: 2112: 2111: 2109: 2105: 2101: 2097: 2093: 2089: 2083: 2078: 2076: 2070: 2065: 2063: 2059: 2055: 2050: 2048: 2043: 2039: 2035: 2029: 2026: 2020: 2018: 2014: 2013:Ostrobothnian 2010: 2006: 2002: 1997: 1994: 1990: 1986: 1982: 1978: 1974: 1970: 1966: 1961: 1959: 1955: 1945: 1942: 1940: 1936: 1932: 1928: 1922: 1920: 1919: 1914: 1910: 1906: 1902: 1898: 1894: 1890: 1886: 1882: 1878: 1877:food labeling 1874: 1873:trade secrets 1870: 1866: 1862: 1858: 1854: 1850: 1846: 1842: 1838: 1834: 1829: 1827: 1823: 1818: 1812: 1809: 1805: 1801: 1797: 1793: 1789: 1785: 1781: 1777: 1773: 1769: 1765: 1761: 1750: 1745: 1743: 1738: 1736: 1731: 1730: 1728: 1727: 1722: 1717: 1712: 1710: 1705: 1700: 1699: 1698: 1697: 1690: 1687: 1685: 1682: 1680: 1677: 1673: 1670: 1668: 1665: 1664: 1663: 1660: 1658: 1655: 1651: 1648: 1647: 1646: 1645:Individualism 1643: 1641: 1638: 1636: 1633: 1631: 1628: 1626: 1623: 1619: 1616: 1615: 1614: 1611: 1607: 1604: 1603: 1602: 1599: 1597: 1594: 1592: 1589: 1587: 1584: 1582: 1579: 1578: 1572: 1571: 1564: 1561: 1559: 1556: 1554: 1551: 1547: 1544: 1540: 1537: 1536: 1535: 1532: 1530: 1527: 1526: 1525: 1524:United States 1522: 1518: 1515: 1513: 1510: 1508: 1505: 1503: 1500: 1499: 1498: 1495: 1493: 1490: 1488: 1485: 1483: 1480: 1478: 1475: 1473: 1470: 1468: 1465: 1463: 1460: 1458: 1455: 1453: 1450: 1448: 1445: 1443: 1440: 1438: 1435: 1433: 1430: 1428: 1425: 1423: 1420: 1418: 1415: 1413: 1410: 1406: 1403: 1402: 1401: 1398: 1396: 1393: 1391: 1388: 1386: 1383: 1381: 1378: 1376: 1373: 1371: 1368: 1366: 1363: 1361: 1358: 1356: 1353: 1351: 1348: 1346: 1343: 1341: 1338: 1336: 1333: 1331: 1328: 1326: 1323: 1321: 1318: 1316: 1313: 1309: 1306: 1305: 1304: 1301: 1299: 1296: 1294: 1291: 1289: 1286: 1284: 1281: 1279: 1276: 1274: 1271: 1267: 1264: 1263: 1262: 1259: 1257: 1254: 1252: 1249: 1247: 1244: 1242: 1239: 1237: 1234: 1232: 1229: 1227: 1224: 1222: 1219: 1217: 1214: 1212: 1209: 1207: 1204: 1202: 1199: 1197: 1194: 1192: 1189: 1185: 1182: 1181: 1180: 1177: 1175: 1172: 1170: 1167: 1165: 1162: 1160: 1157: 1155: 1152: 1150: 1147: 1145: 1142: 1140: 1137: 1135: 1132: 1130: 1127: 1125: 1124:Latin America 1122: 1120: 1117: 1116: 1113: 1108: 1107: 1098: 1095: 1093: 1090: 1088: 1085: 1083: 1080: 1078: 1075: 1073: 1070: 1068: 1065: 1063: 1060: 1058: 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Based on 1973:Edward Coke 1927:digital age 1861:hate speech 1845:pornography 1800:free speech 1780:human right 1507:Gladstonian 1467:Switzerland 1452:South Korea 1395:Philippines 1355:New Zealand 1350:Netherlands 1007:Verhofstadt 1002:Balcerowicz 811:Politicians 739:Collingwood 679:Tocqueville 554:Montesquieu 446:Rule of law 247:Due process 34:Free Speech 12261:Censorship 12225:Categories 12191:Philosophy 12167:Journalism 12066:Rio Treaty 11577:Relativism 11535:Liberalism 11501:Empiricism 11453:Philosophy 11441:Secularism 11392:Philosophy 11329:Literature 11123:Capitalism 10721:Club Baths 10590:Terri Hall 10429:Porno chic 10369:Blue Movie 10349:Milestones 10156:Montenegro 10136:Kazakhstan 10036:Azerbaijan 9995:Uzbekistan 9975:Tajikistan 9890:Kyrgyzstan 9840:East Timor 9820:Bangladesh 9687:Costa Rica 9551:Mozambique 9534:Mauritania 9524:Madagascar 9336:Censorship 9329:By country 9285:Media bias 9163:Propaganda 8926:Censorship 8823:Media bias 8724:Occupation 8656:Guy Debord 8538:Techniques 8507:Propaganda 8404:Principles 8380:News media 8360:Mass media 8007:Personhood 7660:Fair trial 7363:0801881730 7271:2008009151 7218:0814731031 7190:0262571684 7147:0822325292 6717:0195040007 6522:Philosophy 6381:7 November 5948:12 January 5918:12 January 5697:. 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London. 3918:12 October 3826:References 3654:Forced or 3580:censorship 3350:On Liberty 3340:On Liberty 3255:individual 3251:John Locke 3171:Protestant 3127:publishers 3060:John Locke 3056:David Hume 2977:censorship 2744:Uzbekistan 2689:censorship 2544:censorship 2357:On Liberty 2269:free media 2261:government 2253:governance 2249:World Bank 2238:revolution 2191:common law 2082:frontiers. 1993:defamation 1918:On Liberty 1853:incitement 1768:censorship 1635:Empiricism 1606:Democratic 1601:Capitalism 1512:Manchester 1345:Montenegro 1330:Luxembourg 1266:Venizelism 1196:Costa Rica 451:Secularism 284:Federalism 236:Principles 95:Liberalism 74:Orator at 12011:Five Eyes 12006:EU–UK TCA 11848:Democracy 11737:Old Norse 11626:Abrahamic 11583:Peritrope 11565:Tolerance 11545:Socialism 11375:Mythology 11363:Classical 11312:Languages 11290:Astrology 11138:Modernism 10952:Old World 10328:Free love 10247:Australia 10146:Lithuania 9960:Sri Lanka 9950:Singapore 9855:Indonesia 9845:Hong Kong 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599:Beccaria 564:Rousseau 559:Voltaire 402:Property 365:Positive 360:Negative 316:Religion 294:Economic 267:Equality 190:Catholic 160:National 155:Muscular 133:Feminist 128:Cultural 87:a series 85:Part of 62:and the 12215:Writing 12203:Society 12129:Portals 11916:Benelux 11821:Thought 11771:Atheism 11712:Finnish 11688:Culture 11683:Judaism 11645:Eastern 11641:Western 11636:Culture 11570:Paradox 11436:Decline 11397:Science 11273:History 11261:Studies 11244:Cuisine 11232:Periods 11192:Culture 11021:History 10987:Eastern 10982:Western 10933:culture 10797:Related 10746:Houston 10508:Playboy 10460:Slogans 10240:Oceania 10226:Ukraine 10181:Romania 10151:Moldova 10126:Ireland 10121:Iceland 10116:Hungary 10106:Georgia 10096:Germany 10086:Finland 10081:Estonia 10076:Denmark 10061:Croatia 10046:Belgium 10041:Belarus 10031:Austria 10026:Armenia 10021:Albania 10000:Vietnam 9905:Myanmar 9815:Bahrain 9789:Uruguay 9737:Jamaica 9702:Ecuador 9662:Bolivia 9647:Bahamas 9616:Tunisia 9586:Somalia 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