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on April 19, 1775. With the arrival additional military leadership in Boston after that event, Haldimand was advised that his status as a foreigner made it inappropriate for him to exercise command in what was viewed as an internal civil conflict. He sailed from Boston in June 1775 (one day before
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while he went to
England on leave. While Haldimand's command was uneventful, the political climate in the provinces noticeably declined, and he carefully resisted bringing troops in conflict with the population by refusing to get involved in the jurisdictional disputes over the
570:. He remained in this post, which he characterized as "the most disagreeable" of his life, until 1773. Despite good relations with the civil governors, he had ongoing problems with supply and funding, and the high cost of living there put him into debt. He was promoted to
556:
In 1764, the province of Quebec was turned over to a civil administration, and
Haldimand's role was reduced to that of a troop commander. Denied leave to return to Europe, he remained in Quebec until 1765, when his command was merged into another. He traveled to
452:, was in its early stages, Haldimand and Bouquet joined a British regiment composed of German and Swiss men recruited at first from the armies of Europe, but then also from German-speaking settlers in North America. The formation of the regiment, known as the
561:
with the intention of returning to Europe, but the death of his friend
Bouquet led to his promotion to brigadier general and assignment to Bouquet's post as military head of the Southern Department, with responsibility for military affairs in
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on
September 8 following the French surrender. He was given the responsibility for working with the outgoing French leadership as they prepared to depart for France, serving first under Amherst and then under General
456:, took two years and was beset by culture clashes with the rest of the British Army. However, Haldimand and Bouquet earned the respect of the British military establishment with their dedicated professionalism.
752:
In the summer of 1784, Frederick
Haldimand returned to England, on leave, but he was not to return to Quebec, as he was formally replaced by General Carleton in 1786. In 1785, he was awarded the
606:. While Gage was primarily occupied with his duties as Governor of Massachusetts, Haldimand commanded the army in Boston although Gage did not notify him of the expedition that led to the
690:, and were promoted to see if Vermont could be convinced to become a new British province, which would then provide a new avenue for attack against the southern portions of New York and
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Haldimand created and preserved a great deal of written correspondence, especially during his time in North
America. As his military and administrative assignments ranged from
643:. Haldimand built up Quebec's defenses in reaction to repeated rumors of American plans to again invade the province and limited offensive actions to raiding parties such as the
678:, which had declared its independence from the state of New York in 1777 after long-standing disputes over jurisdiction. These negotiations, which are sometimes called the
357:, during which time he oversaw military operations against the northern frontiers in the war, and engaged in ultimately fruitless negotiations to establish the independent
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in 1774, Haldimand remained in command of the troops in New York, which Gage ordered to Boston in
September 1774 in the wake of the colonial uprising known as the
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1486:
536:, was called to serve in the Caribbean. At Trois-Rivières, he oversaw the development of the ironworks at nearby Saint Maurice and arranged for his nephew
505:, the Indian agent on the expedition who took over, refused to relinquish control. Haldimand returned to Oswego, where he remained throughout the winter.
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Haldimand never married, and in his will he left all his property to his nephew
Anthony Francis Haldimand, father of future MP and director of the
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as a new
British province. His administration of Quebec was at times harsh, with the detention of numerous political dissidents and agitators.
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In 1781, Haldimand's efforts on behalf of the
British cause included engaging in negotiations with political representatives of the
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to Yverdon in 1671. Haldimand received only a limited education and became interested in the military at an early age.
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337:; 11 August 1718 – 5 June 1791) was a Swiss military officer best known for his service in the
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of the Royal American in 1772, and received a pro forma promotion to major general later that year.
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colonies. As an administrator, he at times dealt harshly with political activists by arresting
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In 1762, Amherst promoted him to colonel and temporarily gave him the military governorship of
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in 1748, rising to the rank of lieutenant colonel in 1750. There he formed a friendship with
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who had been driven out of New York during the war by issuing what is now known as the
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and covered the years 1755 to 1784, this correspondence, much of it deposited in the
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Sutherland, Stuart R. J.; Tousignant, Pierre; Dionne-Tousignant, Madeleine (1983).
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and civil servant, and Marie-Madeleine de Treytorrens. His grandfather, Gaspard
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Haldimand has been memorialized with several place names in North America:
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General Gage called Haldimand to New York in 1773 to temporarily act as
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After spending the winter in command of the forward British position at
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and was placed in charge of the key supply and communication point at
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Haldimand Bay is the main harbor all boats enter to land at
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Sir Frederick Haldimand: His Influence on the Mohawk Valley
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478:, he was made second in command on the 1759 expedition of
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British Army personnel of the American Revolutionary War
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British military personnel of the French and Indian War
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The Loyalist Collection — University of New-Brunswick
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353:. From 1778 to 1786, he served as Governor of the
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578:American Revolution and American Revolutionary War
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682:because of his participation, involved brothers
591:and refusing to protect tea shipments after the
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1457:Governors of the Province of Quebec (1763–1791)
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1048:"Royal Military College of Canada Building 31"
1330:. Vol. V (1801–1820) (online ed.).
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1462:Knights Companion of the Order of the Bath
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1399:Governor General of British North America
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463:, Haldimand himself served under General
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944:Historical Dictionary of Switzerland
671:, an agitator for judicial reforms.
615:), and arrived in London in August.
471:at which he suffered minor wounds.
1268:Geographic Names Information System
705:, Haldimand helped settle American
584:commander-in-chief of North America
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639:) in 1778, and served through the
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1508:
1346:
1324:. In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.).
631:Haldimand became Governor of the
335:François Louis Frédéric Haldimand
262:Commander-in-Chief, North America
122:François Louis Frédéric Haldimand
1497:Royal American Regiment officers
1467:British Army lieutenant generals
1367:Archives of Frederick Haldimand
1327:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
1301:McIlwraith, Jean Newton (1905).
824:Royal Military College of Canada
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303:Battle of the Thousand Islands
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552:Pre-American Revolution years
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1206:Geographical Names Data Base
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1113:Geographical Names Data Base
1082:Geographical Names Data Base
843:in French), Cape Haldimand (
822:; and Fort Haldimand at the
512:'s army as it descended the
392:In 1740, Haldimand became a
312:American War of Independence
7:
1373:Library and Archives Canada
1332:University of Toronto Press
1036:. 21 April 1778. p. 1.
807:Library and Archives Canada
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508:In 1760, he joined General
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919: Lucienne Hubler:
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518:took control of Montreal
1482:Prussian Army personnel
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327:Sir Frederick Haldimand
270:Royal American Regiment
1322:"Haldimand, Frederick"
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734:Haldimand Proclamation
703:Treaty of Paris (1783)
655:" into the rebellious
653:Burning of the Valleys
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598:When Gage returned to
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416:. He next joined the
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696:surrender at Yorktown
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450:French and Indian War
448:is also known as the
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220:Years of service
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805:(with copies at the
799:Haldimand Collection
649:Christopher Carleton
589:New Hampshire Grants
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16:British Army general
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1232:"Falaise Haldimand"
833:Haldimand River in
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28:Frederick Haldimand
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921:Frédéric Haldimand
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572:colonel commandant
469:Battle of Carillon
467:at the disastrous
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266:Colonel commandant
232:Lieutenant general
60:Governor of Quebec
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1108:"Plage Haldimand"
1077:"Haldimand River"
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860:Falaise Haldimand
858:Haldimand Cliff (
839:Haldimand Beach (
828:Kingston, Ontario
768:William Haldimand
754:Order of the Bath
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1335:. Retrieved
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418:Swiss Guards
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150:(1791-06-05)
104:Guy Carleton
100:Succeeded by
93:Guy Carleton
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45:Portrait by
18:
1432:1791 deaths
1427:1718 births
1028:"No. 11867"
1017:, pp. 39–40
1005:, pp. 17–21
871:archipelago
816:in Canada:
738:Grand River
692:New England
688:Ethan Allen
546:Quebec City
523:Thomas Gage
476:Fort Edward
414:Kesselsdorf
345:during the
148:5 June 1791
139:Switzerland
88:Preceded by
1421:Categories
1307:. Morang.
1295:References
992:Sutherland
748:Later life
176:Allegiance
129:1718-08-11
81:George III
873:in Quebec
791:Pensacola
698:arrived.
645:1778 raid
394:mercenary
383:Haldimand
223:1740–1786
159:Signature
72:1778–1786
68:In office
49:, c. 1778
1313:13339514
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707:Loyalist
657:American
559:New York
482:against
349:and the
243:Commands
1337:31 July
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866:in the
801:at the
724:He and
719:Ontario
637:Ontario
446:theater
420:of the
371:Yverdon
260:acting
188:Prussia
135:Yverdon
127: (
77:Monarch
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1282:8 July
1247:8 July
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932:French
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853:Quebec
795:Quebec
774:Legacy
758:London
600:Boston
379:notary
333:(born
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892:Notes
862:) on
849:Gaspé
1339:2009
1309:OCLC
1284:2011
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935:and
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