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where the
Spanish governor established his headquarters. The fort was built with iron, wood, sand, lime and water carried up the hill through winding and difficult paths. It was expanded repeatedly to strengthen the fortifications, the galleries passing underneath the town mounting and descending the
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had affected the people of Oran, in 1847. They sought blessings from the Virgin Mary to protect the city from the epidemic. The entire population implored the
Blessed Virgin to bless the place with rain. After the rain came, the town of Oran and the region were saved from the epidemic of cholera. As
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The fort city under
Spanish rule continued to grow, requiring enlargement of the city walls. In spite of the improved fortifications, the city was the object of repeated attacks. Notable in this regard was when Moroccan Sharif Moulay Ismail tried to force his way past the defenses in 1707, only to
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The
Ottomans built the first fort on the site. After the Spaniards defeated the Ottomans in the sixteenth Century, they rebuilt Fort Santa Cruz. The Spaniards ruled Oran for about 300 years till 1792. In the past, the fortress of Santa Cruz accommodated the Oran city governors.
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a tribute to this miracle, a chapel was built on the hill at the foot of the fort of Santa Cruz. This chapel is named the Santa Cruz Church. It was considered as being the
Protector of the town. In commemoration of this event, every year until Algeria became independent in 1962,
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The fort, built between 1577 and 1604, The fortifications of the place were composed of thick and continuous walls of over two and a half kilometers in circumference, surmounted by strong towers spaced between them, with a central castle or
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339:. Spaniards held on here till 1792, after the 1791 earthquake. When the French occupied, the Muslims all migrated into the interior parts of Algeria but many returned later after Abd–el-Khader was defeated.
331:. To show their dominance of "Crescent above the Cross", the local people built the Marabut chapel, opposite to the fort at a higher elevation. This chapel was crowned with a
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was observed when the people of Oran and the surrounding areas paid homage to the Virgin Mary by climbing up the mountain trail to the chapel as a pilgrimage.
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A small chapel, known as the Chapel of Santa Cruz, stands close to the fort. This chapel has been refurbished with a tower, which has a huge statue of the
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237:; the other two forts are Fort de la Moune at the western end of the port and Fort Saint-Philippe, a replacement of the old castle of the Saints known in
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Santacruz was the highest of the three forts erected by the
Spanish above the town of Oran which was a dominantly Muslim town with buildings of mostly
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It has a rainwater storage harvesting system, with the largest tank having a capacity of 300,000 liters.
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was built by the Bishop of Oran at the place where he had carried the statue of the
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Fort of Santa Cruz and the whitewashed Notre-Dame de Santa Cruz church in Oran.
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in a procession, followed by the people of the city, to the Oran hill, when a
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Handbook for travellers in
Algeria and Tunis, Algiers, Oran, Constantine ...
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The fort is located at a height of about 400 metres (1,300 ft) on
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555:Ham, Anthony; Nana Luckham; Anthony Sattin (2007).
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698:. the University of California. 1855. p. 103
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320:see his army decimated. Oran was also hit by an
407:Aerial view of the fort and the chapel in 1942.
276:, styled as Notre-Dame du Salut de Santa Cruz.
742:Mediterranean port cities and towns in Algeria
737:Buildings and structures of the Ottoman Empire
598:"Oran of lions: The Character and the Beauty"
455:Fort Santa Cruz dominating the city of Oran.
727:Buildings and structures completed in 1604
51:Gateway to the Fort of Santa Cruz in Oran.
767:1604 establishments in the Spanish Empire
732:Buildings and structures in Oran Province
600:. Rahhala Arab countries on a shoe string
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772:Tourist attractions in Oran Province
757:Port cities of the Mediterranean Sea
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752:Populated coastal places in Algeria
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419:Ramparts of the Fort of Santa Cruz.
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229:is one of the three forts in
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782:10th-century fortifications
526:Sir Robert Lambert Playfair
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431:Northern front of the fort.
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695:The tricolor on the atals
563:. Lonely Planet. p.
503:. Encyclopædia Britannica
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641:"The fort of Santa Cruz"
63:Notre-Dame de Santa Cruz
747:Former Spanish colonies
534:J. Murray. p. 185
270:Notre-Dame de la Garde
243:Castillo de los Santos
121:35.707026°N 0.665374°W
347:Further information:
156:Government of Algeria
666:. World Book. 1997.
329:Moorish architecture
126:35.707026; -0.665374
180:Seventeenth century
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722:903 establishments
619:"Santa Cruz, Oran"
322:earthquake in 1791
152:Controlled by
574:978-1-74179-099-3
372:Santa Cruz Chapel
366:Santa Cruz chapel
307:pilgrimage site.
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207:Battles/wars
172:Site history
162:Open to
643:. Trekearth
501:"Santacruz"
376:Virgin Mary
335:on a white
289: [
266:Virgin Mary
124: /
100:Coordinates
716:Categories
702:2010-11-12
679:2010-11-11
647:2010-11-11
625:2010-11-11
604:2010-11-11
580:2010-11-11
538:2010-11-11
507:2010-10-19
483:References
274:Marseilles
109:35°42′25″N
621:. ciao.fr
280:Geography
247:Spaniards
215:Spaniards
199:Materials
193:Spaniards
112:0°39′55″W
528:(1887).
466:See also
383:epidemic
333:crescent
305:Catholic
211:Ottomans
189:Ottomans
24:Part of
559:Algeria
394:Gallery
380:cholera
311:History
253:in the
239:Spanish
235:Algeria
38:Algeria
670:
571:
356:kasbah
337:cupola
259:French
219:French
293:]
177:Built
668:ISBN
569:ISBN
472:Oran
370:The
349:Oran
231:Oran
217:and
191:and
141:Fort
137:Type
34:Oran
26:Oran
565:142
272:in
241:as
167:Yes
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291:fr
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
