Knowledge

Formulary Book of Somogyvár

Source 📝

408:. The author tried to gather the entire material of a single lawsuit, thus, the apprentice was able to trace all documents at all stages of the proceedings in a single case (for instance, investigation stage, requests for postponement, sentencing after a long absence despite the summons and applications for retrial). The author presents cases useful from the point of view of jurisprudence, which appear as many ad hoc possibilities as possible (e.g. postponement of litigation due to the litigant's minority or participation in a military campaign, out-of-court settlement). For the primary purpose of the case law illustration, the author frequently modified in the texts of the original diploma, the identity of the persons concerned (often deleted or changed). Multiple grammatical errors can be found in texts as a result of multiple copying. György Bónis emphasized the lack of logical organization and consistency of the texts too. Regarding the newer section, which contains documents from the places of authentication, represents less instructor intent. Instead of education, law practice mattered after his retirement to the Somogyvár Abbey, so he collected and compiled a sample library for himself. Here can be found some system organizing principles: lawyer advocates, last wills and testaments, pledges, petitions and omissions are found in roughly a subchapter. 637:) and set up a new chronology of the events, practically return to the standpoint of the pre-Pauler historiography. Zsoldos, who had previously written the history of the civil war in 2007, contested his effort and argued the narrations of certain royal charters – which make Bácsatyai's proposal unsustainable – are more reliable sources than foreign (mainly Austrian) chronicles, which contain many elements of fiction and deal only tangentially with the Hungarian civil war. The 1056:), different notes can be found rejecting the authenticity of certain royal charters issued by the Hungarian monarchs. Within this, there is also a rhythmic list of kings, lasted from Stephen I (1000) to Sigismund (1437). This text contains an aid for clerks of the chancellery and places of authentication to easily navigate which kings' letters of donation are considered valid or invalid at the time the formulary book is compiled. 202:(no. 375–456), which covers three-fifths of the scope of the formulary book. The collection of charters does not follow a chronological order, the author copied all newly added diplomas to the next blank page. Based on the dates, György Bónis considered the first original author compiled the vast majority of his work in the years between 1480 and 1486, just before the passing of the so-called 949:(altogether three pages). The earliest text of the annals – copied by the original first author – contains elements only from the Hungarian history, lasted from 1001 (the coronation of Stephen I) to 1464 (the coronation of Matthias Corvinus). The subsequent owners of the formulary book – three different handwriting can be distinguished – continued the text of the third 675:(4 August). The historian considered the Venetian chronicle misinterpreted the information and the ceremony took place on the anniversary of the death of Dominic (6 August). Bácsatyai also analyzed the charters of Andrew III, examining the dates around which there is a change in the number of years of the king's reign, which confirm the correctness of the date in the 164:' death (from the 16th-century fourth author) received attention. Adrien Quéret-Podesta was the first scholar, who analyzed the texts of the three annals in her 2009 study. Dániel Bácsatyai published and translated the texts concerning history – annals, genealogy, rhythmic list of kings and the 16th-century records – of the formulary book into Hungarian in 2019. 596:
According to him, Béla was born either 1208 or 1209, when there were complete lunar eclipses in the territory of Hungary. In response, Zsoldos pointed out that Béla and his wife Maria married around 1220 and had already reached the age of majority by 1223, when King Andrew II persuaded Béla to separate from his wife, according to a letter of
155:
in the 1590s. The fate of the formulary book is unknown for the upcoming two centuries. By 1794, lawyer József Batz de Zágon possessed the codex. He donated it to the library of the Rerformed Protestant High School in Marosvásárhely (legal predecessor of the Teleki Library) in 1811. György Bónis was
972:
in 1502. With the most entries, the owner of the fourth handwriting added the text: the events from this section last from 1516 (the death of Vladislaus II) to 1540 (the death of John Zápolya). According to Quéret-Podesta, 14 notes deal with events from the 11th century, 7 with the 12th century, 14
536:(1124) and the canonization of Ladislaus I ("1113", in fact 1192). Two-third part of the Hungarian-related notes depict events from the 13th century. Dániel Bácsatyai considered that this section is the most valuable part of the entire formulary book. The text provides detailed genealogical data of 99:
in the Kingdom of Hungary, where he copied and compiled his work with his own records from the royal court and his subsequent local legal practice. It is possible that this scholar is identical with jurist John Izsó de Kékcse, who acted as secular notary and lawyer of the abbey in 1488. Following
595:
had already appealed to the Hungarian prelates and barons on 7 June to swear an oath of loyalty to the King's future son. According to the pope's letter, this unnamed son was born by 29 November 1206. Bácsatyai claimed this son was an unidentified older brother of Béla, who died in childhood.
973:
with the 13th century, only 3 with the 14th century and 9 notes with the 15th century, written by the original author. The three other authors expanded the text with 2 notes from the 15th century (second author) and 5 notes from the 16th century (1 by the third and 4 by the fourth author).
177:
The codex contains altogether 486 sections (copies of 446 charters, 3 clauses, a law text, 10 historical records and 24 notes and 2 additional charters from the 16th century). In terms of scope, two-fifths of the work consists of the publication of royal diplomas between the pages 119
894:, erroneously claim the king receive the epithet "Great" or "Magnus" because of his monarchical greatness after his death). One of the events in 13th century history also deserves attention: under the year 1205, there is a truncated, unfinished sentence, according to which the young 754:
in Hungary). According to the analysis of Quéret-Podesta, the Hungarian section of the second annals contains 3 notes regarding the 10th century, 14 notes from the 11th century, 8 notes from the 12th century and finally 5 notes regarding the 13th century.
1048:(or Gothic) script. The author preserved the name of Andrew II as "Endre", the old Hungarian variant of his name. There are some errors in the lineage: for instance, the text incorrectly claims that Andrew III was the son of his immediate predecessor, 576:, where Béla IV and his family were also buried, so the exact date of their death was known to the local friars. Historian Attila Zsoldos accepted this argument and, consequently, the reliability of the dates of death of the aforementioned royalties. 852:
gave the years much more accurately (up to a year or two differences). The work contains much less unique information than the first annals. Its narrative, however, differs significantly at several points from other chronicles, for instance the
766:, but instead of the early history of Christianity – as the author of the first annals acted –, he focused on the barbaric past (the history of the Hunnic and Avar people). For the outline of the history of the Huns, the author also used Bene's 156:
the first historian, who analyzed the manuscript and determined the circumstances of its origin in 1957, but he did not describe the text itself. László Solymosi provided certified photocopy to the Diplomatic Photo Collection (DF) of the
889:
was called as "Magnus" in those parts, when the subsequent monarch was still a duke, in accordance with the inscriptions on the coins issued by Duke Géza, which well reflects the author's awareness (later chronicles, including the
679:(6 August). Bácsatyai also emphasized that the text notes that Andrew was "jointly and unanimously elected king by the Hungarians", which would have been an inconceivable formula in the later 14th-century chronicle composition. 424:– are related to historical and genealogical narratives, while the vast majority of the manuscript contains legal aids (for instance, a guide to recognizing non-authentic charters), texts and copies of authentic diplomas. 620:
in a short sentence under the year 1267. Bácsatyai accepted this date, despite Hungarian historiography uniformly place the events from late 1264 to early 1265, since the seminal monograph of Gyula Pauler
1059:
The fourth author of the formulary book recorded some events of the Ottoman wars in the 15th and 16th centuries, which reflected his historiographical awareness. He began the chronology on the page 265
47:, which was written mainly in the second half of the 15th century and was expanded in the 16th century. Beside legal texts, the manuscript contains three annals which date back to the time of the 1016:
A biographical and genealogical list of the Hungarian kings – written by the first original author – can be found in two separate pages; the first part is on the lower part of the page 263
837:
became a primary source for both Anonymus and the 14th-century chronicle composition for the events in the 10th century, independently from each other. Bácsatyai argued the second
206:, when Matthias Corvinus ordered to replace many previous contradictory decrees with a systematic law-code. Bónis argued the formulary book a valuable resource for presenting pre- 139:'s date of birth as an hour exactly, beside other similarities regarding the 16th century notes. Contrary to this, based on two attached copies of charters (issued in 1579 and 1064:, in the space left blank by the original author under his own work, the biographical data of the kings of Hungary. This section lasted from 1438 (the Ottoman occupation of 404:
The author collected the documents to educate students and novice professionals, he also provided the texts with a number of useful remarks, similarly to the 14th-century
579:
Based on this, Bácsatyai considered the other notes of 13th century events as reliable too, which, however, differ from the scientific position. For instance, the first
841:– as the earliest example – proves that the question of Hunnic–Hungarian identity was already present in earlier Hungarian historiography, before the age of Anonymus. 556:. Bácsatyai claimed the Hungarian chronicles put the date of his death to 3 May (also "Friday", which is, however, wrong) in retrospect, because of the feast of the 885:
in 1060; the surviving chronicles were all written during the time of the descendants of Béla I, where such a formulation of events is understandably not found.
714:
and Hungarian history, identifying the three people as a single Hungarian nation. Regarding the Huns, the work contains notes from the period between 337 (the
980:
contains mostly genealogical data of the Hungarian monarchs (except a large earthquake in the year 1092). Similarly to the first and second annals, the third
750:
refer to events from the period between 910 (the collection of several clashes of the Hungarian invasions from various years) and 1222 (the settlement of the
528:, thus, the original text could have been written in an ecclesial community where foreign priests lived. Only two notes narrate events from the 12th century: 898:"was violently from Esztergom" and subsequently his uncle Andrew II was crowned king. It is known that the child monarch died in exile, after his mother, 144: 108:. Lastly, a fourth person possessed the text, who recorded some events of the Ottoman wars in the 16th century, and acknowledged the legitimacy of 87:, the 272-page document was written mainly between the 1460s and the end of the 1480s by an unidentified legal scholar of the royal court of King 657:. Bácsatyai accepted the reliability of the text, while the academic standpoint traditionally set the date to 23 July based on references in the 600:. There is also academic consensus – albeit it based only on tradition (Mór Wertner) and not primary source – that Béla's younger brother, 148: 1669: 548:(11 June 1269), while in the case of the king it gives a day's earlier mortality – Friday, 2 May 1270, which was also confirmed by the 992:
and the three annals of the Formulary Book of Somogyvár) had a common source regarding the events of the 11th and 12th centuries, an
186:(no. 223–374 formulas). Another sections contain charters from both the royal chancellery and the places of authentication: from 1 604:
was indeed born in 1208, thus Bácsatyai's interpretation about a possible another unnamed Hungarian prince (born in 1206) is a
629:(2020), in which he sought to support the correctness of the year 1267 with foreign chronicles (for instance, the appendix of 1623: 1591: 1684: 1610:
Quéret-Podesta, Adrien (2009). "The Annals of the Formulary Book of Somogyvár". In Bárány, Attila; Györkös, Attila (eds.).
1674: 613: 113: 1679: 870: 966: 797: 1633:
Zsoldos, Attila (2020). "Néhány kritikai megjegyzés az 1264–1265. évi belháború újrakeltezésének kísérletéhez ".
958: 503:
were supplemented by a single footnote from the fourth author – the death and burial of Palatine Thomas in 1186.
117: 649:". It is possible he is identical with Seyhan (Zayhan), whom Béla IV refers to his "kinsman" in 1255. The first 253:
First section of documents from places of authentication (newer part), collected from mid-1470s to early 1480s
161: 1664: 1033: 844:
Regarding the section of the Hungarian history, notes until the 1160s are closely related to the text of the
743: 564:, as a single non-Hungarian event in this period. Therefore, Bácsatyai argued that this section of the first 475:), thus placing Hungarian history in a universal context. The Biblical history contains 11 notes (5 are from 215:
Bónis, after examining the content and form elements, defined the chapters of the formulary book as follows:
784: 157: 923: 506:
Short notes of the events of the 11th century – mostly deal with Hungarian saints – are related to the
448: 40: 516:
as "saints", when it mentions their coronation and death, which testifies to the early origin of the
60: 545: 136: 1085: 1029: 954: 895: 862: 953:. The second author preserved events from the year 1490 (the death of Matthias, the coronation of 1049: 1041: 907: 671:'s chronicle confirmed this data, according to which the coronation occurred during the feast of 96: 1615: 915: 513: 512:
in their core material, according to Bácsatyai. The text does not refer to kings Stephen I and
52: 911: 793: 529: 492: 464: 1081: 537: 1077: 969: 869:
state that after the death of Ladislaus I in 1095, Coloman returned home "peacefully" from
857:; the late medieval chronicles, which mostly used texts written under kings descended from 617: 588: 488: 460: 886: 878: 667:, which, however, are not free from difficulties of interpretation. Bácsatyai argued that 8: 1037: 899: 882: 508: 483:) while the history of the Catholic Church and early medieval Europe (until the reign of 128: 56: 742:) and 612 (the text kneads several events together, some of them already applies to the 525: 601: 557: 48: 44: 24: 92: 1642: 1619: 1587: 597: 592: 587:. There is a scholar consensus that the monarch was born in 1206, because, upon King 561: 553: 88: 84: 694:(called as "Hunnic Annals" by Quéret-Podesta), are between lower four-fifths of 262 468: 328:
Two attached copies of late 16th-century charters (István Fejérkövy, István Szuhay)
104:
were extended and completed by two another unidentified authors who also resided in
802: 788:(early 1280s). After philological research, Dániel Bácsatyai emphasized the second 723: 659: 496: 68: 1068:, today Sebeș, Romania) to 1469 (in fact 1467, Matthias' unsuccessful invasion to 779: 653:
state that Andrew III was crowned king on 6 August 1290, Sunday, the feast day of
1001: 751: 711: 630: 541: 152: 1612:
Matthias and his legacy: Cultural and Political Encounters between East and West
858: 491:'s ascension to the Hungarian throne, which, in fact, occurred in 997) to 1291 ( 307:
Continuation of documents from places of authentication (newer part) with legal
109: 918:). According to Bácsatyai, there are philological parallels between the second 861:– a claimant to the Hungarian throne –, preserved an unfavorable image of King 668: 654: 64: 32: 487:) are made of 17 notes (altogether 28 notes). Hungarian events last from 993 ( 1658: 1646: 1601:
Bónis, György (1957). "A Somogyvári formuláskönyv ". In Takáts, Lajos (ed.).
672: 605: 584: 480: 476: 447:(altogether five pages). Its first section contains Biblical events from the 131:
pastor Michael Siegler possibly used the text when wrote his historical work
16:
Formulary Book of Somogyvar written mainly in second half of the 15th century
822:: the work utilized an extract from Regino's work, which was also used by a 719: 212:
legal life in Hungary, regarding private law, criminal law and litigation.
124: 105: 1032:, but also includes Ladislaus of Naples (an unsuccessful claimant against 1045: 569: 484: 208: 881:
obtained the Hungarian throne with a "violent hand" against his brother
540:
and his family. It uniquely gives the exact dates of the death of Queen
731: 873:
and began to rule jointly with his younger brother Álmos. The second
778:
instead of "Buda" – the corpus of text was definitely written before
739: 573: 833:) about the early Hungarian history (the invasions to Europe). This 738:
narrate the events between 503 (in fact 562, their failed attack on
1069: 533: 289:
Collection of royal charters (older part), collected in 1460–1470s
1065: 941:(called as "Hungarian Annals" by Quéret-Podesta), are between 265 439:(called as "Christian Annals" by Quéret-Podesta), are between 260 823: 72: 1603:
Emlékkönyv Kelemen Lajos születésének nyolcvanadik évfordulójára
1434: 1432: 1430: 1428: 1426: 1309: 1307: 1305: 1303: 1301: 1299: 1297: 1269: 1267: 1265: 792:
utilized the continuation of the chronicle of Regino (edited by
59:, a rhythmic list of kings and a record of events regarding the 1168: 1166: 1164: 1162: 1160: 1158: 1156: 727: 642: 1533: 1523: 1521: 1519: 1423: 1294: 1284: 1282: 1262: 775: 715: 625:, Vol. 1–2). Later, Bácsatyai also wrote a study for journal 1399: 1153: 707: 452: 1516: 1468: 1444: 1411: 1341: 1339: 1326: 1324: 1322: 1279: 1228: 1226: 1224: 1222: 1143: 1141: 1605:(in Hungarian). Tudományos Könyvkiadó. pp. 117–133. 1250: 1197: 1195: 1193: 796:) independently of the well-known Hungarian chronicles, 398:
from the end of the 1480s, complementing the newer part
1557: 1545: 1504: 1492: 1480: 1456: 1387: 1375: 1363: 1351: 1336: 1319: 1219: 1178: 1097: 1028:. The list contains biographical data from Béla III to 926:'s chronicle regarding the list of Hungarian monarchs. 127:
in some way. Historian Dániel Bácsatyai considered the
1207: 1138: 1116: 1114: 1112: 770:
as a source and – based on the text, for instance the
1190: 810:
and the 14th-century chronicle composition (e.g. the
623:
A magyar nemzet története az Árpádházi királyok alatt
91:. After his retirement, this scholar settled down in 1238: 1126: 1109: 1024:. The section continues after a blank page, in 265 988:. Thus it is plausible that all four known annals ( 1586:(in Hungarian). Városi Levéltár és Kutatóintézet. 906:also mentioned the brief reigns of the anti-kings 902:, fled to Austria, taking Ladislaus with her. The 726:, in fact occurred in 376) and 405 (in fact 451, 1656: 762:also utilized information from Regino of Prüm's 560:. A note also contains the date of the death of 722:by the Huns, which marked the beginning of the 1609: 1539: 1438: 1313: 1273: 1172: 1072:). The author continued the chronology in 264 583:state that Béla IV was born in 1209, during a 160:. In the coming decades, only the footnote of 143:. 1592), Bónis argued that Hungarian prelate 51:, a genealogy of the Hungarian monarchs from 1641:(6). Magyar Történelmi Társulat: 1331–1344. 1052:. On the last page of historical notes (267 1044:. The names of the monarchs were written in 568:was originally written in the church of the 151:, when he was sent as envoy to the court of 524:accuse the "Hungarians" of killing Bishop 135:in the 1560–1570s, since both authors know 1020:, immediately after the end of the second 271:Fees and daily allowances of the notaries 1579: 1563: 1551: 1527: 1510: 1498: 1486: 1474: 1462: 1450: 1417: 1393: 1369: 1345: 1330: 1288: 1213: 1201: 1147: 416:Of the 272 pages, 10 pages – between 258 1076:. It narrates the events from 1479 (the 1011: 1632: 1405: 1381: 1357: 961:). The third author contributed to the 774:correctly refer to Attila's brother as 100:that, the formulary book and its three 1657: 965:with a single note: the coronation of 877:are also unique in the statement that 814:). According to Bácsatyai, the second 499:). In the mid-16th century, the first 1600: 1582:A Somogyvári formuláskönyv évkönyvei 1256: 1244: 1232: 1184: 1132: 1120: 1103: 1004:(following the year 1048). The third 63:in Hungary. The codex is kept in the 746:). From the Hungarian history, the 411: 194:(no. 1–222 formulas), and from 227 13: 1670:Medieval historical texts in Latin 758:The original author of the second 463:and the subsequent history of the 14: 1696: 1000:of the formulary book, which use 818:are more directly related to the 682: 929: 427: 959:War of the Hungarian Succession 372:Historical records (see below) 172: 1: 1091: 1080:) to 1567 (in fact 1566, the 744:Hungarian invasions of Europe 702:(altogether four pages). The 83:According to legal historian 78: 1008:have no unique information. 914:(the rivals of their nephew 808:Gesta Hunnorum et Hungarorum 785:Gesta Hunnorum et Hungarorum 734:). Regarding the Avars, the 698:and upper two-thirds of 263 616:between Béla IV and his son 354:from the 1480s (newer part) 158:National Archives of Hungary 149:Principality of Transylvania 133:Chronologia rerum Hungaricum 7: 1685:15th-century books in Latin 984:are closely related to the 957:and the first phase of the 116:, while omitted to mention 21:Formulary Book of Somogyvár 10: 1701: 1675:15th-century history books 1580:Bácsatyai, Dániel (2019). 1572: 1040:, the last monarch of the 924:Alberic of Trois-Fontaines 167: 37:Formularium Somogyváriense 996:now lost. It is the only 865:and his rule. The second 641:also call Duke Stephen's 558:Finding of the Holy Cross 147:brought the codex to the 1680:Legal history of Hungary 1086:Suleiman the Magnificent 495:'s campaign against the 29:Somogyvári formuláskönyv 1042:Capetian House of Anjou 443:and the top of the 262 97:place of authentication 1616:University of Debrecen 665:Steirische Reimchronik 546:Béla, Duke of Slavonia 137:John Sigismund Zápolya 36: 28: 1408:, pp. 1336–1339. 1012:Miscellaneous records 892:Illuminated Chronicle 855:Illuminated Chronicle 812:Illuminated Chronicle 794:Adalbert of Magdeburg 660:Illuminated Chronicle 465:Roman Catholic Church 449:creation of the world 118:Ferdinand of Habsburg 61:Ottoman–Habsburg wars 1665:Hungarian chronicles 1618:. pp. 187–193. 1078:Battle of Breadfield 970:Anne of Foix-Candale 718:was expelled to the 706:narrate events from 461:Acts of the Apostles 1540:Quéret-Podesta 2009 1439:Quéret-Podesta 2009 1314:Quéret-Podesta 2009 1274:Quéret-Podesta 2009 1259:, pp. 123–125. 1235:, pp. 119–122. 1187:, pp. 118–119. 1173:Quéret-Podesta 2009 1106:, pp. 127–129. 1038:Joanna II of Naples 990:Annales Posonienses 986:Annales Posonienses 900:Constance of Aragon 846:Annales Posonienses 544:(23 July 1270) and 509:Annales Posonienses 451:(possibly based on 219: 129:Transylvanian Saxon 57:Ladislaus of Naples 1082:Siege of Szigetvár 806:, Simon of Kéza's 645:father-in-law as " 602:Coloman of Galicia 218: 123:The document went 45:Kingdom of Hungary 1625:978-963-473-276-1 1593:978-963-8406-21-7 1530:, pp. 30–31. 1477:, pp. 24–30. 1453:, pp. 54–55. 1420:, pp. 20–21. 1291:, pp. 14–15. 1084:and the death of 1036:) and his sister 848:, but the second 730:'s marching into 598:Pope Honorius III 593:Pope Innocent III 562:Francis of Assisi 554:Oberalteich Abbey 402: 401: 89:Matthias Corvinus 1692: 1650: 1637:(in Hungarian). 1629: 1606: 1597: 1567: 1561: 1555: 1549: 1543: 1537: 1531: 1525: 1514: 1508: 1502: 1496: 1490: 1484: 1478: 1472: 1466: 1460: 1454: 1448: 1442: 1436: 1421: 1415: 1409: 1403: 1397: 1391: 1385: 1379: 1373: 1367: 1361: 1355: 1349: 1343: 1334: 1328: 1317: 1311: 1292: 1286: 1277: 1271: 1260: 1254: 1248: 1242: 1236: 1230: 1217: 1211: 1205: 1199: 1188: 1182: 1176: 1170: 1151: 1145: 1136: 1130: 1124: 1118: 1107: 1101: 976:The text of the 803:Gesta Hungarorum 724:Migration Period 526:Gerard of Csanád 497:Duchy of Austria 412:Historical texts 220: 217: 39:) is a codex or 1700: 1699: 1695: 1694: 1693: 1691: 1690: 1689: 1655: 1654: 1653: 1626: 1594: 1575: 1570: 1562: 1558: 1550: 1546: 1538: 1534: 1526: 1517: 1509: 1505: 1497: 1493: 1485: 1481: 1473: 1469: 1461: 1457: 1449: 1445: 1437: 1424: 1416: 1412: 1404: 1400: 1392: 1388: 1384:, p. 1334. 1380: 1376: 1368: 1364: 1360:, p. 1332. 1356: 1352: 1344: 1337: 1329: 1320: 1312: 1295: 1287: 1280: 1272: 1263: 1255: 1251: 1243: 1239: 1231: 1220: 1212: 1208: 1200: 1191: 1183: 1179: 1171: 1154: 1146: 1139: 1131: 1127: 1119: 1110: 1102: 1098: 1094: 1014: 1002:Arabic numerals 935: 768:chronica maiora 688: 631:Jans der Enikel 591:'s initiative, 542:Maria Laskarina 532:'s invasion of 457:chronica maiora 433: 414: 235: 230: 229:Document number 225: 175: 170: 162:Palatine Thomas 153:Stephen Bocskai 95:, an important 93:Somogyvár Abbey 81: 17: 12: 11: 5: 1698: 1688: 1687: 1682: 1677: 1672: 1667: 1652: 1651: 1630: 1624: 1607: 1598: 1592: 1576: 1574: 1571: 1569: 1568: 1564:Bácsatyai 2019 1556: 1552:Bácsatyai 2019 1544: 1542:, p. 192. 1532: 1528:Bácsatyai 2019 1515: 1511:Bácsatyai 2019 1503: 1499:Bácsatyai 2019 1491: 1487:Bácsatyai 2019 1479: 1475:Bácsatyai 2019 1467: 1463:Bácsatyai 2019 1455: 1451:Bácsatyai 2019 1443: 1441:, p. 190. 1422: 1418:Bácsatyai 2019 1410: 1398: 1394:Bácsatyai 2019 1386: 1374: 1370:Bácsatyai 2019 1362: 1350: 1346:Bácsatyai 2019 1335: 1331:Bácsatyai 2019 1318: 1316:, p. 188. 1293: 1289:Bácsatyai 2019 1278: 1276:, p. 189. 1261: 1249: 1247:, p. 127. 1237: 1218: 1214:Bácsatyai 2019 1206: 1202:Bácsatyai 2019 1189: 1177: 1175:, p. 187. 1152: 1148:Bácsatyai 2019 1137: 1135:, p. 131. 1125: 1123:, p. 132. 1108: 1095: 1093: 1090: 1013: 1010: 934: 928: 687: 681: 669:Andrea Dandolo 655:Pope Sixtus II 469:Regino of Prüm 432: 426: 413: 410: 406:Ars Notarialis 400: 399: 388: 385: 374: 373: 370: 367: 356: 355: 344: 341: 330: 329: 326: 323: 312: 311: 305: 302: 291: 290: 287: 284: 273: 272: 269: 266: 255: 254: 251: 248: 237: 236: 233: 231: 228: 226: 223: 204:Decretum maius 174: 171: 169: 166: 80: 77: 65:Teleki Library 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1697: 1686: 1683: 1681: 1678: 1676: 1673: 1671: 1668: 1666: 1663: 1662: 1660: 1648: 1644: 1640: 1636: 1631: 1627: 1621: 1617: 1613: 1608: 1604: 1599: 1595: 1589: 1585: 1583: 1578: 1577: 1566:, p. 12. 1565: 1560: 1554:, p. 71. 1553: 1548: 1541: 1536: 1529: 1524: 1522: 1520: 1513:, p. 67. 1512: 1507: 1501:, p. 13. 1500: 1495: 1489:, p. 22. 1488: 1483: 1476: 1471: 1465:, p. 23. 1464: 1459: 1452: 1447: 1440: 1435: 1433: 1431: 1429: 1427: 1419: 1414: 1407: 1402: 1396:, p. 51. 1395: 1390: 1383: 1378: 1372:, p. 17. 1371: 1366: 1359: 1354: 1348:, p. 19. 1347: 1342: 1340: 1333:, p. 16. 1332: 1327: 1325: 1323: 1315: 1310: 1308: 1306: 1304: 1302: 1300: 1298: 1290: 1285: 1283: 1275: 1270: 1268: 1266: 1258: 1253: 1246: 1241: 1234: 1229: 1227: 1225: 1223: 1216:, p. 39. 1215: 1210: 1203: 1198: 1196: 1194: 1186: 1181: 1174: 1169: 1167: 1165: 1163: 1161: 1159: 1157: 1150:, p. 10. 1149: 1144: 1142: 1134: 1129: 1122: 1117: 1115: 1113: 1105: 1100: 1096: 1089: 1087: 1083: 1079: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1063: 1057: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1035: 1031: 1027: 1023: 1019: 1009: 1007: 1003: 999: 995: 991: 987: 983: 979: 974: 971: 968: 967:queen consort 964: 960: 956: 955:Vladislaus II 952: 948: 944: 940: 933: 927: 925: 921: 917: 913: 909: 905: 901: 897: 896:Ladislaus III 893: 888: 884: 880: 876: 872: 868: 864: 860: 856: 851: 847: 842: 840: 836: 832: 828: 827: 824:hypothetical 821: 817: 813: 809: 805: 804: 799: 795: 791: 787: 786: 781: 780:Simon of Kéza 777: 773: 769: 765: 761: 756: 753: 749: 745: 741: 737: 733: 729: 725: 721: 717: 713: 709: 705: 701: 697: 693: 686: 680: 678: 674: 673:Saint Dominic 670: 666: 662: 661: 656: 652: 648: 644: 640: 636: 632: 628: 624: 619: 615: 611: 607: 606:fringe theory 603: 599: 594: 590: 586: 585:lunar eclipse 582: 577: 575: 571: 567: 563: 559: 555: 551: 547: 543: 539: 535: 531: 527: 523: 519: 515: 511: 510: 504: 502: 498: 494: 490: 486: 482: 481:New Testament 479:, 6 are from 478: 477:Old Testament 474: 470: 466: 462: 458: 454: 450: 446: 442: 438: 431: 425: 423: 419: 409: 407: 397: 393: 389: 386: 384: 380: 376: 375: 371: 368: 366: 362: 358: 357: 353: 349: 345: 342: 340: 336: 332: 331: 327: 324: 322: 318: 314: 313: 310: 306: 303: 301: 297: 293: 292: 288: 285: 283: 279: 275: 274: 270: 267: 265: 261: 257: 256: 252: 249: 247: 243: 239: 238: 232: 227: 222: 221: 216: 213: 211: 210: 205: 201: 197: 193: 189: 185: 181: 165: 163: 159: 154: 150: 146: 145:István Szuhay 142: 138: 134: 130: 126: 121: 119: 115: 111: 107: 103: 98: 94: 90: 86: 76: 74: 70: 66: 62: 58: 54: 50: 46: 42: 38: 34: 30: 26: 22: 1638: 1634: 1611: 1602: 1584: 1581: 1559: 1547: 1535: 1506: 1494: 1482: 1470: 1458: 1446: 1413: 1406:Zsoldos 2020 1401: 1389: 1382:Zsoldos 2020 1377: 1365: 1358:Zsoldos 2020 1353: 1252: 1240: 1209: 1204:, p. 9. 1180: 1128: 1099: 1073: 1061: 1058: 1053: 1050:Ladislaus IV 1025: 1021: 1017: 1015: 1005: 997: 993: 989: 985: 981: 977: 975: 962: 950: 946: 942: 938: 936: 931: 919: 908:Ladislaus II 903: 891: 874: 866: 854: 849: 845: 843: 838: 834: 830: 825: 819: 815: 811: 807: 801: 789: 783: 771: 767: 763: 759: 757: 747: 735: 720:Roman Empire 703: 699: 695: 691: 689: 684: 676: 664: 658: 650: 646: 638: 634: 626: 622: 618:Duke Stephen 612:narrate the 609: 608:. The first 580: 578: 565: 549: 521: 517: 507: 505: 500: 472: 456: 444: 440: 436: 434: 429: 421: 417: 415: 405: 403: 395: 391: 382: 378: 364: 360: 351: 347: 338: 334: 320: 316: 308: 299: 295: 281: 277: 263: 259: 245: 241: 214: 207: 203: 199: 195: 191: 187: 183: 179: 176: 140: 132: 125:Transylvania 122: 110:John Zápolya 106:Transdanubia 101: 85:György Bónis 82: 49:Árpádian era 20: 18: 1046:Blackletter 1030:Ladislaus V 916:Stephen III 690:The second 635:Weltchronik 570:Franciscans 550:necrologium 514:Ladislaus I 485:Charlemagne 390:Additional 346:Additional 224:Page number 209:Tripartitum 173:Legal texts 112:during the 69:Târgu-Mureş 1659:Categories 1257:Bónis 1957 1245:Bónis 1957 1233:Bónis 1957 1185:Bónis 1957 1133:Bónis 1957 1121:Bónis 1957 1104:Bónis 1957 1092:References 1066:Szászsebes 937:The third 912:Stephen IV 752:Dominicans 732:Aurelianum 647:Semperchan 530:Stephen II 493:Andrew III 467:(based on 435:The first 79:Background 1647:0039-8098 1034:Sigismund 820:Chronicon 764:Chronicon 740:Austrasia 614:civil war 589:Andrew II 574:Esztergom 489:Stephen I 473:Chronicon 459:) to the 114:civil war 43:from the 41:formulary 25:Hungarian 1635:Századok 1070:Moldavia 945:and 266 883:Andrew I 798:Anonymus 663:and the 627:Századok 534:Dalmatia 420:and 267 387:438–456 369:428–437 343:420–427 325:418–419 304:375–417 286:223–374 182:and 226 53:Béla III 1573:Sources 1022:annales 1006:annales 998:annales 994:annales 982:annales 978:annales 963:annales 951:annales 939:annales 932:annales 920:annales 904:annales 875:annales 867:annales 863:Coloman 850:annales 839:annales 831:annales 816:annales 790:annales 772:annales 760:annales 748:annales 736:annales 704:annales 692:annales 685:annales 683:Second 677:annales 651:annales 639:annales 610:annales 581:annales 566:annales 552:of the 538:Béla IV 522:annales 518:annales 501:annales 437:annales 430:annales 392:relatio 348:relatio 309:relatio 234:Content 198:to 272 190:to 119 168:Content 102:annales 73:Romania 1645:  1622:  1590:  930:Third 887:Géza I 879:Béla I 871:Poland 728:Attila 708:Hunnic 520:. The 428:First 396:fassio 381:– 272 363:– 267 352:fassio 337:– 257 319:– 250 298:– 249 280:– 226 262:– 119 250:1–221 244:– 117 1074:verso 1062:recto 1054:recto 1026:recto 1018:verso 947:verso 943:verso 859:Álmos 835:gesta 826:gesta 776:Bleda 716:Goths 700:verso 696:recto 643:Cuman 445:recto 441:recto 422:verso 418:recto 383:verso 379:recto 365:verso 361:recto 339:verso 335:recto 321:verso 317:verso 300:verso 296:recto 282:verso 278:verso 264:recto 260:recto 246:verso 242:recto 200:verso 196:recto 192:recto 188:recto 184:verso 180:verso 33:Latin 1643:ISSN 1620:ISBN 1588:ISBN 922:and 910:and 829:(or 712:Avar 453:Bede 394:and 377:268 359:258 350:and 333:251 315:249 294:227 276:119 268:222 258:118 19:The 1639:154 1088:). 782:'s 633:'s 572:in 471:'s 455:'s 67:in 55:to 1661:: 1614:. 1518:^ 1425:^ 1338:^ 1321:^ 1296:^ 1281:^ 1264:^ 1221:^ 1192:^ 1155:^ 1140:^ 1111:^ 800:' 710:, 240:1 120:. 75:. 71:, 35:: 31:, 27:: 1649:. 1628:. 1596:. 621:( 141:c 23:(

Index

Hungarian
Latin
formulary
Kingdom of Hungary
Árpádian era
Béla III
Ladislaus of Naples
Ottoman–Habsburg wars
Teleki Library
Târgu-Mureş
Romania
György Bónis
Matthias Corvinus
Somogyvár Abbey
place of authentication
Transdanubia
John Zápolya
civil war
Ferdinand of Habsburg
Transylvania
Transylvanian Saxon
John Sigismund Zápolya
István Szuhay
Principality of Transylvania
Stephen Bocskai
National Archives of Hungary
Palatine Thomas
Tripartitum
creation of the world
Bede

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.