33:
77:
52:
598:, Laos, Lesser Sunda Islands, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaya, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Rwanda, Somalia, Sri Lanka, South Africa (in the Cape Provinces, KwaZulu-Natal and Northern Provinces), Sudan, Sulawesi, Tanzania, Thailand, Uganda, Vietnam, Zambia, Zaire and Zimbabwe.
524:
with a spiny trunk and branches. In shrub form, it grows up to 25 feet (7.6 m), and as a tree, it reaches a maximum height around 50 feet (15 m). The drooping branches bear oval leaves. The seeds are
605:
into various places such as Angola, Bahamas, Chad, Dominican
Republic, Hawaii, Jamaica, Leeward Islands, Mauritius, Nicobar Islands, Puerto Rico, (Island of) Réunion, Society Islands, Trinidad and Tobago.
594:
It is native to the countries (and regions) of
Aldabra (Seychelles), Assam, Bangladesh, Botswana, Burundi, Cambodia, southeastern China, Comoros, Congo, Ethiopia, Hainan, India, Java, Kenya,
1276:
508:), is a species of flowering plant native to much of Africa and tropical and temperate parts of Asia. It has various uses, including folk medicine, fuel, animal food and human food.
1196:
Kaou, A.M.; Mahiou-Leddet, V.; Canlet, C.; Debrauwer, L.; Hutter, S.; Laget, M.; Faure, R.; Azas, N.; Ollivier, E. (2010). "Antimalarial compounds from the aerial parts of
899:
Ndhlala, A.R.; Chitindingu, K.; Mupure, C.; Murenje, T.; Ndhlala, F.; Benhura, M.A.; Muchuweti, M. (2008). "Antioxidant properties of methanolic extracts from
1134:
Amarasinghe, N.R.; Jayasinghe, L.; Hara, N.; Fujimoto, Y. (2007). "Flacourside, a new 4-oxo-2-cyclopentenylmethyl glucoside from the fruit juice of
1539:
1867:
1679:
1604:
1852:
529:
by birds. This tree has thorns similar to that of a lime or lemon tree. If in contact with the thorns, it leaves a nasty stinging pain.
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1759:
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1067:
579:
575:
1857:
776:
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1609:
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1526:
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fruit itself is about an inch thick and red ripening purple. It is very fleshy and has 6 to 10 seeds in layered
1111:
Patro, S.K.; Behera, P.C.; Kumar, P.M.; Sasmal, D.; Padhy, R.K.; Dash, S.K. (2013). "Pharmacological review of
1803:
1671:
1072:
583:
1165:
Bhaumik, P.K.; Guha, K.P.; Biswas, G.K.; Mukherjee, B. (1987). "Flacourtin, a phenolic glucoside ester from
1456:
1443:
1235:
1552:
1378:
1373:
1360:
1331:
1099:
801:
1798:
1777:
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571:
76:
971:
830:
777:
Botanic
Gardens Conservation International (BGCI) & IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group (2019).
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1000:
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32:
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870:
545:
1658:
1583:
1544:
1438:
1293:
193:
1632:
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673:
526:
778:
622:. The pulp is yellow or white and sweet with an acidic tang. It is eaten raw or made into
8:
1862:
858:
730:
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41:
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275:(Tul.) Warb. in H.G.A.Engler & K.A.E.Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3(6a): 43 (1893)
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101:
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61:
56:
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Turcz. in Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 27(II): 331 (1854 publ. 1855)
150:
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693:
689:
170:
160:
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642:
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in Fl. Ind. 132, t. 39, fig. 5 in 1768, it was then re-published as
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1811:
1731:
1692:
1310:
734:
127:
1790:
1531:
1430:
942:
1399:
1133:
753:
623:
567:
210:
1195:
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898:
681:
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C.Presl in Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., ser. 5, 3: 441 (1845)
140:
726:
709:
654:
517:
88:
661:, and bacterial throat infection. It has also been used for
327:(Haines) H.O.Saxena & Brahmam in Fl. Orissa 1: 79 (1994)
835:(Burm.f.) Merr. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science"
757:
677:
635:
521:
1164:
627:
1272:
Palm Beach County
Cooperative Extension Service, Florida
1110:
696:. Similarly, the extract of its fruit has diuretic,
403:
Roxb. in Hort. Bengal.: 73 (1814), not validly publ.
802:
10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T146188176A146223268.en
471:
Tul. in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 5, 9: 343 (1868)
395:
Clos in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 4, 8: 218 (1857)
375:
Clos in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 4, 8: 218 (1857)
351:
Salisb. in Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 366 (1796)
291:
Clos in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 4, 8: 219 (1857)
283:
Clos in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 4, 8: 217 (1857)
976:L'Hér. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science"
259:Pic.Serm. in Miss. Stud. Lago Tana 7(1): 97 (1951)
718:compounds have been found in the aerial parts of
704:properties (Patro et al. 2013). As it contains a
367:Merr. in Lingnan Sci. J. 6: 328 (1928 publ. 1930)
343:Craib in Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1916: 259 (1916)
1844:
756:in the United States, and today, it occurs as a
729:; it was one of the species used for the Indian
537:It is also commonly known as the 'batako' plum.
439:Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 55: 522 (1908)
267:Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 55: 521 (1908)
737:and small wooden tools such as plough handles.
556:in Interpr. Herb. Amboin. on page 377 in 1917.
251:Christm. in Vollst. Pflanzensyst. 2: 134 (1777)
566:(the Madagascar plum) are treated as separate
335:H.M.Gardner in Trees Shrubs Kenya: 21 (1936)
649:. The bark is believed to be effective for
892:
359:Roxb. in Fl. Ind., ed. 1832. 3: 835 (1832)
50:
31:
800:
752:in some areas. It has been cultivated in
479:Neck. ex Raf. in Sylva Tellur.: 34 (1838)
1240:in Flora of North America @ efloras.org"
540:It was first described and published as
463:Blanco in Fl. Filip., ed. 2.: 560 (1845)
1228:
1077:United States Department of Agriculture
1068:Germplasm Resources Information Network
653:. Most parts of the plant are used for
580:United States Department of Agriculture
1845:
1095:
1093:
825:
823:
821:
819:
745:The plant is known as an occasionally
708:('Flacourside'), and 'Flacourtin' (an
1868:Taxa named by Nicolaas Laurens Burman
1292:
1291:
1117:Scholars Academic Journal of Pharmacy
315:Oliv. in Fl. Trop. Afr. 1: 121 (1868)
1620:d2c7a8b7-a706-40cd-b468-02a7bde33b23
1283:West African plants – A Photo Guide.
1051:
419:Roxb. in Pl. Coromandel 1: 48 (1796)
411:Roxb. in Pl. Coromandel 1: 49 (1796)
1853:IUCN Red List least concern species
1090:
852:
816:
788:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
770:
672:to treat functional disorders like
387:Fosberg in Kew Bull. 29: 254 (1974)
13:
947:| International Plant Names Index"
455:Lour. in Fl. Cochinch.: 633 (1790)
14:
1879:
1260:
859:Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk
641:The leaves and roots are used in
243:Burm.f. in Fl. Indica: 132 (1768)
1804:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:862943-1
1672:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:365348-1
929:10.1111/j.1365-2621.2006.01431.x
725:The tree is planted as a living
447:Blanco in Fl. Filip.: 813 (1837)
75:
1189:
1158:
1127:
1104:
589:
1152:10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.05.004
1022:
993:
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935:
863:
740:
692:and then used as alignment of
511:
1:
1183:10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84606-3
1073:Agricultural Research Service
875:| batako plum /RHS Gardening"
763:
584:Agricultural Research Service
431:Haines in unknown publication
1858:Fruits originating in Africa
760:in some parts of the state.
7:
1005:| ramontchi /RHS Gardening"
532:
10:
1884:
980:Plants of the World Online
839:Plants of the World Online
795:: e.T146188176A146223268.
572:Plants of the World Online
16:Species of fruit and plant
1721:
1300:
1214:10.1016/j.jep.2010.04.045
1038:India Biodiversity Portal
917:Int. J. Food Sci. Technol
228:
221:
199:
192:
72:Scientific classification
70:
48:
39:
30:
23:
915:(yellow berry) fruits".
668:In India, it is used in
372:Flacourtia perrottetiana
901:Diospyros mespiliformis
733:. The wood is used for
609:
546:Nicolaas Laurens Burman
400:Flacourtia rotundifolia
392:Flacourtia rotundifolia
304:Flacourtia hilsenbergii
296:Flacourtia heterophylla
684:, and the bark can be
312:Flacourtia hirtiuscula
364:Flacourtia parvifolia
1032:Flacourtia ramontchi
1003:Flacourtia ramontchi
974:Flacourtia ramontchi
674:rheumatoid arthritis
564:Flacourtia ramontchi
380:Flacourtia ramontchi
356:Flacourtia obcordata
288:Flacourtia gambecola
272:Flacourtia elliptica
1267:USDA Plants Profile
1200:(Flacourtiaceae)".
1113:Flacourtia sepiaria
1034:L'Herit. | Species"
913:Ziziphus mauritiana
731:Inland Customs Line
496:(known commonly as
452:Stigmarota africana
436:Flacourtia thorelii
424:Flacourtia sepiaria
416:Flacourtia sepiaria
332:Flacourtia kirkiana
280:Flacourtia frondosa
264:Flacourtia balansae
42:Conservation status
1100:World Agroforestry
911:(wild loquat) and
750:introduced species
680:. Its berries are
554:Elmer Drew Merrill
1840:
1839:
1628:Open Tree of Life
1332:Flacourtia indica
1302:Flacourtia indica
1294:Taxon identifiers
1278:Flacourtia indica
1238:Flacourtia indica
1202:J. Ethnopharmacol
1198:Flacourtia indica
1177:(11): 3090–3091.
1167:Flacourtia indica
1136:Flacourtia indica
1061:Flacourtia indica
945:Flacourtia indica
905:Flacourtia indica
873:Flacourtia indica
833:Flacourtia indica
781:Flacourtia indica
720:Flacourtia indica
645:for treatment of
596:Laccadive Islands
550:Flacourtia indica
493:Flacourtia indica
489:
488:
468:Xylosma elliptica
460:Stigmarota edulis
444:Myroxylon dicline
408:Flacourtia sapida
348:Flacourtia lucida
320:Flacourtia indica
203:Flacourtia indica
65:
25:Flacourtia indica
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1063:(Burm. f.) Merr"
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903:(jackal berry),
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698:hepatoprotective
516:This is a bushy
480:
476:Verlangia indica
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340:Flacourtia lenis
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248:Gmelina javanica
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909:Uapaca kirkiana
907:(Batoka plum),
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643:herbal medicine
612:
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570:, including by
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502:governor's plum
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256:Flacourtia afra
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1830:wfo-0000974038
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1723:Gmelina indica
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1711:wfo-0000925655
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1261:External links
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1208:(2): 272–274.
1188:
1171:Phytochemistry
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1103:
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1021:
1009:www.rhs.org.uk
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923:(2): 284–288.
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879:www.rhs.org.uk
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688:(ground) with
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1504:iNaturalist
1326:Wikispecies
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741:Cultivation
690:sesamum oil
512:Description
506:Indian plum
115:Angiosperms
1863:Flacourtia
1847:Categories
1641:Plant List
1249:2017-08-01
1115:(Ruxb.)".
1043:26 October
1014:26 October
985:26 October
956:27 October
884:27 October
844:26 October
808:6 November
764:References
694:rheumatism
686:triturated
603:introduced
172:Flacourtia
161:Salicaceae
1738:Q50841223
1584:146188176
1457:200014454
1444:200014454
1140:Food Chem
706:glucoside
663:diarrhoea
659:pneumonia
651:arthritis
647:snakebite
632:fermented
616:ramontchi
560:F. indica
527:dispersed
498:ramontchi
384:renvoizei
179:Species:
85:Kingdom:
1817:50052888
1812:Tropicos
1791:862943-1
1732:Wikidata
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1693:Tropicos
1597:2.156869
1545:10589093
1532:365348-1
1311:Wikidata
1222:20457242
747:invasive
735:firewood
634:to make
582:and the
533:Taxonomy
223:Synonyms
157:Family:
128:Eudicots
62:IUCN 3.1
1765:5607678
1470:5331162
1400:Ecocrop
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1082:27 July
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620:carpels
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324:innocua
211:Burm.f.
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1350:APDB:
1340:AoFP:
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682:edible
141:Rosids
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1496:17118
1431:FLCIN
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727:fence
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655:cough
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382:var.
322:var.
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1760:GBIF
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1605:NCBI
1579:IUCN
1566:ITIS
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1374:BOLD
1361:APNI
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1218:PMID
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758:weed
678:gout
676:and
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614:The
610:Uses
576:GRIN
562:and
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232:List
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