623:
2174:
676:
4008:
3167:
31:
871:
399:
883:
2751:
5172:
803:
2744:
4876:
3421:
50:
5160:
346:
2737:
845:
systems. It is important to study seafood safety regulations around the world in order to craft policy guidelines from countries who have implemented effective schemes. Also, this body of research can identify areas of improvement for countries who have not yet been able to master efficient and effective seafood safety regulations.
118:" approach, but recent threats from human overfishing and environmental issues have required increased regulation of fisheries to prevent conflict and increase profitable economic activity on the fishery. Modern jurisdiction over fisheries is often established by a mix of international treaties and local laws.
637:
consumption of 20.3 kg in 2016. Since 1961 the annual global growth in fish consumption has been twice as high as population growth. While annual growth of aquaculture has declined in recent years, significant double-digit growth is still recorded in some countries, particularly in Africa and Asia.
636:
Total fish production in 2016 reached an all-time high of 171 million tonnes, of which 88 percent was utilized for direct human consumption, thanks to relatively stable capture fisheries production, reduced wastage and continued aquaculture growth. This production resulted in a record-high per capita
851:
laws and regulations. Aquaculture, also known as aquafarming, is the farming of aquatic organisms, such as fish and aquatic plants. This body of research also encompasses animal feed regulations and requirements. It is important to regulate what feed is consumed by fish in order to prevent risks to
844:
Another important area of research covered in fisheries law is seafood safety. Each country, or region, around the world has a varying degree of seafood safety standards and regulations. These regulations can contain a large diversity of fisheries management schemes including quota or catch share
938:
Fishing and pollution from fishing are the largest contributors to the decline in ocean health and water quality. Ghost nets, or nets abandoned in the ocean, are made of plastic and nylon and do not decompose, wreaking extreme havoc on the wildlife and ecosystems they interrupt. Overfishing and
647:
Despite reduced capture fisheries production in China, world capture fisheries production is projected to increase slightly through increased production in other areas if resources are properly managed. Expanding world aquaculture production, although growing more slowly than in the past, is
930:
report, global production of fish, crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic animals has continued to grow and reached 172.6 million tonnes in 2017, with an increase of 4.1 percent compared with 2016. There is a growing gap between the supply of fish and demand, due in part to
149:, "...a fishery is an activity leading to harvesting of fish. It may involve capture of wild fish or raising of fish through aquaculture." It is typically defined in terms of the "people involved, species or type of fish, area of water or seabed, method of
469:
Close to 90% of the world's fishery catches come from oceans and seas, as opposed to inland waters. These marine catches have remained relatively stable since the mid-nineties (between 80 and 86 million tonnes). Most marine fisheries are based near the
1052:. The geopolitical and economic consequences will be significant, especially for the countries most dependent on the sector. The biggest decreases in maximum catch potential can be expected in the tropics, mostly in the South Pacific regions.
2120:
1454:
1082:
are significantly impacted by climate change, while changing rainfall patterns and water use impact on inland freshwater fisheries and aquaculture. Increased risks of floods, diseases, parasites and
1923:
99:
waterbodies (about 10% of all catch) and the oceans (about 90%). About 500 million people worldwide are economically dependent on fisheries. 171 million tonnes of fish were produced in 2016, but
2053:
829:
and legal enforcement. This specific legal area is rarely taught at law schools around the world, which leaves a vacuum of advocacy and research. Fisheries law also takes into account
1048:
is modifying fish distributions and the productivity of marine and freshwater species. Climate change is expected to lead to significant changes in the availability and trade of
3757:
762:, of regulations or rules which govern fisheries activities in order to ensure the continued productivity of the resources and the accomplishment of other fisheries objectives.
1458:
657:
Trade in fish and fish products is expected to increase more slowly than in the past decade, but the share of fish production that is exported is projected to remain stable.
3410:
746:(FAO), there are "no clear and generally accepted definitions of fisheries management". However, the working definition used by the FAO and much cited elsewhere is:
1813:
976:
and other environmental factors that were reducing the population of fisheries at the same time as their ecosystems were being annihilated. Many countries, such as
3892:
654:
Food fish supply will increase in all regions, while per capita fish consumption is expected to decline in Africa, which raises concerns in terms of food security.
743:
3151:
1744:
1761:
474:. This is not only because harvesting from relatively shallow waters is easier than in the open ocean, but also because fish are much more abundant near the
1786:
837:
norms in order to analyze fisheries management regulations. In addition, fisheries law includes access to justice for small-scale fisheries and coastal and
1671:
4639:
160:
in a region, the latter fishing for similar species with similar gear types. Some government and private organizations, especially those focusing on
1421:, Encyclopedia of earth, topic ed. Sidney Draggan, ed. in chief C. Cleveland, National Council on Science and the Environment (NCSE), Washington, DC
2932:
2239:
1911:
1762:"Global population growth, wild fish stocks, and the future of aquaculture | Shark Research & Conservation Program (SRC) | University of Miami"
4785:
3767:
3393:
742:. An ecosystem approach to fisheries management has started to become a more relevant and practical way to manage fisheries. According to the
3440:
2064:
1441:
3885:
1430:
125:, and the destruction of important coastal ecosystems have introduced increasing uncertainty in important fisheries worldwide, threatening
1657:
Kevern L. Cochrane, A Fishery
Manager’s Guidebook: Management Measures and their Application, Fisheries Technical Paper 424, available at
1044:
are being impacted by changes in water temperature, water flow, and fish habitat loss. These effects vary in the context of each fishery.
4925:
4850:
3942:
3543:
3388:
2889:
1226:
1126:
614:
In addition to commercial and subsistence fishing, recreational (sport) fishing is popular and economically important in many regions.
943:
populations. On top of the overfishing, there is a seafood shortage resulting from the mass amounts of seafood waste, as well as the
3515:
607:
and employment in many world regions. It was estimated in 2014 that global fisheries were adding US$ 270 billion a year to global
3878:
3676:
2013:"Observed and Projected Impacts of Climate Change on Marine Fisheries, Aquaculture, Coastal Tourism, and Human Health: An Update"
964:
published a four-year study in
November 2006, which predicted that, at prevailing trends, the world would run out of wild-caught
466:
fisheries in China. Capture fisheries can be broadly classified as industrial scale, small-scale or artisanal, and recreational.
1070:, on the livelihoods of the communities that depend on fisheries, and on the ability of the oceans to capture and store carbon (
754:, analysis, planning, consultation, decision-making, allocation of resources and formulation and implementation, with necessary
738:
rules based on defined objectives and a mix of management means to implement the rules, which are put in place by a system of
2142:
2095:
1712:
1489:
4376:
3398:
2925:
2232:
1585:
The ecosystem approach to fisheries. Issues, terminology, principles, institutional foundations, implementation and outlook
777:"Life Below Water" which sets goals for international policy focused on preserving coastal ecosystems and supporting more
583:
together providing a harvest of over 22 million metric tons in 1999. Many other species are harvested in smaller numbers.
315:– The biological definition of a fish (mentioned above) is sometimes called a "true fish", the vast majority of which are
4778:
4664:
4507:
3573:
3450:
2088:
Impacts of climate change on fisheries and aquaculture: synthesis of current knowledge, adaptation and mitigation options
1055:
739:
134:
1889:
4694:
2182:
1538:
1275:
644:
World fish production, consumption and trade are expected to increase, but with a growth rate that will slow over time.
947:
that are polluting the seafood consumed by the public. The latter is largely caused by plastic-made fishing gear like
4719:
4366:
4225:
3772:
3505:
3500:
2894:
2086:
Manuel
Barange; Tarûb Bahri; Malcolm C. M. Beveridge; K. L. Cochrane; S. Funge Smith; Florence Poulain, eds. (2018).
1620:
1593:
1338:
1314:
385:
1737:
1400:
4406:
4356:
2981:
1121:
1111:
591:
Directly or indirectly, the livelihood of over 500 million people in developing countries depends on fisheries and
528:. However, a very small number of species support the majority of the world's fisheries. Some of these species are
137:, which may extend the range of some fisheries while dramatically reducing the sustainability of other fisheries.
4684:
3702:
3558:
2918:
2686:
2610:
2225:
891:
863:
774:
622:
2011:
Weatherdon, Lauren V.; Magnan, Alexandre K.; Rogers, Alex D.; Sumaila, U. Rashid; Cheung, William W. L. (2016).
4771:
3036:
2203:
2125:
The Ocean and
Cryosphere in a Changing Climate: Special Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
367:
17:
4484:
4386:
3671:
3661:
3568:
3066:
1679:
1658:
1350:
4732:
4588:
4361:
3742:
3651:
3146:
3101:
2658:
1937:
1017:
939:
destruction of marine ecosystems may have a significant impact on other aspects of the environment such as
611:, but by full implementation of sustainable fishing, that figure could rise by as much as US$ 50 billion.
3156:
4930:
4825:
4699:
4543:
4439:
1131:
826:
164:
include in their definitions not only the fishers, but the fish and habitats upon which the fish depend.
1908:
5198:
4704:
4674:
4512:
3697:
3586:
5153:
5148:
5031:
4659:
4634:
4502:
4371:
3851:
3846:
3823:
3732:
3563:
3538:
875:
1156:
4845:
4649:
4614:
4553:
4299:
4253:
4243:
3737:
3470:
3445:
3116:
3091:
2804:
2565:
1987:
1837:
Worm, Boris; et al. (2006-11-03). "Impacts of
Biodiversity Loss on Ocean Ecosystem Services".
818:
759:
735:
363:
115:
1155:
Fletcher, WJ; Chesson, J; Fisher, M; Sainsbury KJ; Hundloe, T; Smith, ADM and
Whitworth, B (2002)
5125:
4654:
4346:
3828:
3490:
3383:
3061:
3016:
3001:
1632:
1256:(Revised ed.). Silver Spring MD: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. p. 16
1161:. National ESD reporting framework for Australian fisheries: FRDC Project 2000/145. Page 119–120.
1101:
992:, and international management bodies have taken steps to appropriately manage marine resources.
813:
is an emerging and specialized area of law. Fisheries law is the study and analysis of different
778:
728:
651:
Prices will all increase in nominal terms while declining in real terms, although remaining high.
356:
2173:
4744:
4593:
4474:
4429:
3752:
3612:
3285:
2866:
2799:
830:
715:) produce an annual biological surplus that with judicious management can be harvested without
65:
3166:
2217:
2085:
1248:
1221:
505:, but more typically fish farming occurs inland, in lakes, ponds, tanks and other enclosures.
4727:
4714:
4619:
4568:
4469:
4401:
4284:
3636:
3510:
3136:
3031:
2884:
2861:
2824:
2750:
2320:
2310:
1735:
751:
502:
1633:
Work of the
Statistical Commission pertaining to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
675:
4970:
4835:
4737:
4709:
4689:
4679:
4669:
4629:
4624:
4449:
4434:
4391:
3495:
3475:
3435:
3405:
3352:
2315:
1952:
1846:
1694:
1306:
1041:
907:
886:
Greenhouse gas emissions (kg / kg edible weight) of wild-caught and farmed seafood products
822:
814:
684:
668:
419:
161:
133:
in many parts of the world. These challenges are further complicated by the changes in the
107:
4007:
153:, class of boats, purpose of the activities or a combination of the foregoing features".
8:
4855:
4644:
4583:
4573:
4558:
4396:
4268:
4137:
3997:
3656:
3646:
3579:
3548:
3533:
3360:
3356:
3320:
3076:
3046:
2851:
1894:
1301:
1083:
1037:
1033:
919:
734:
Modern fisheries management is often referred to as a governmental system of appropriate
720:
600:
280:
38:
1956:
1850:
1814:"With Ropes and Nets, Fishing Fleets Contribute Significantly to Microplastic Pollution"
691:
biological, environmental and socioeconomic benefits from renewable aquatic resources.
5164:
5051:
5008:
4993:
4935:
4907:
4289:
4248:
3982:
3932:
3841:
3617:
3460:
3240:
2899:
2879:
2148:
1870:
1718:
911:
841:
communities and labor issues such as child labor laws, employment law, and family law.
838:
415:
2054:
Redistribution of Fish Catch by
Climate Change. A Summary of a New Scientific Analysis
1964:
4988:
4892:
4840:
4820:
4548:
4034:
3957:
3722:
3707:
3190:
3111:
3041:
2986:
2971:
2955:
2152:
2138:
2101:
2091:
2034:
1968:
1862:
1722:
1708:
1616:
1589:
1534:
1485:
1334:
1310:
1171:
1106:
1079:
1029:
1025:
960:
923:
724:
256:
126:
4763:
2736:
1874:
1612:
5176:
5036:
4983:
4917:
4205:
4127:
3977:
3924:
3803:
3607:
3602:
3310:
3230:
3026:
3011:
3006:
2128:
2024:
1960:
1854:
1700:
1374:
1003:
952:
932:
834:
716:
631:
411:
122:
106:
Because of their economic and social importance, fisheries are governed by complex
42:
1583:
1194:
5130:
4950:
4527:
4517:
4200:
4016:
3962:
3808:
3666:
3455:
3245:
3200:
3185:
3086:
2856:
2829:
2809:
2717:
2514:
2207:
1915:
1631:
United
Nations (2017) Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 6 July 2017,
1404:
1230:
1176:
1116:
1071:
755:
423:
4210:
4182:
2743:
2118:
486:. However, productive wild fisheries also exist in open oceans, particularly by
114:
that vary widely across countries. Historically, fisheries were treated with a "
5135:
5104:
5079:
5069:
5061:
4940:
4902:
4865:
4598:
4578:
4258:
4192:
4059:
3992:
3987:
3937:
3912:
3798:
3727:
3641:
3290:
3270:
3250:
3225:
3175:
3106:
3096:
3056:
2996:
2959:
2844:
2819:
2722:
2707:
2435:
2395:
2330:
2258:
2121:"Sea Level Rise and Implications for Low-Lying Islands, Coasts and Communities"
1648:
National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Fisheries Service, aboutus.htm
1075:
1059:
1045:
821:; TURFs; and others. The study of fisheries law is important in order to craft
692:
688:
498:
431:
306:
302:
201:
88:
3347:
2133:
2105:
1704:
626:
Global capture fisheries and aquaculture production reported by FAO, 1990–2030
5192:
4955:
4563:
4459:
4454:
4263:
4117:
4107:
4084:
4049:
3967:
3952:
3818:
3813:
3717:
3480:
3378:
3348:
3235:
3220:
3205:
3081:
2834:
2712:
2702:
2484:
2479:
2407:
2380:
2325:
2186:
2038:
2029:
2012:
1510:
1049:
981:
944:
810:
795:
712:
545:
521:
459:
130:
111:
30:
1858:
870:
640:
FAO predicted in 2018 the following major trends for the period up to 2030:
212:. Many types of aquatic animals commonly referred to as "fish" are not fish
5094:
5089:
5074:
5041:
4830:
4522:
4464:
4444:
4416:
4326:
4294:
4172:
4029:
4024:
3300:
3215:
3195:
3141:
3051:
3021:
2814:
2782:
2772:
2676:
2499:
2425:
2267:
2178:
1972:
1866:
1791:
1136:
447:
414:
which harvests fish from fisheries can be divided into three main sectors:
328:
276:
253:
241:
92:
76:
61:
3870:
1395:
719:. Fishery management employs activities that protect fishery resources so
398:
5099:
5026:
4998:
4945:
4860:
4815:
4494:
4381:
4338:
4322:
4235:
4097:
4069:
4064:
3972:
3553:
3465:
3315:
3295:
3280:
3265:
3260:
3210:
2991:
2910:
2839:
2792:
2777:
2759:
2462:
2430:
2342:
2305:
1924:
Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
1484:(Third ed.). Bethesda, MD: American Fisheries Society. p. 736.
1087:
1067:
995:
969:
899:
848:
782:
604:
596:
592:
483:
463:
100:
1787:"Dumped fishing gear is biggest plastic polluter in ocean, finds report"
1615:
Section 1.2, Technical Guidelines for Responsible Fisheries. FAO, Rome.
882:
5021:
4424:
4351:
4215:
4142:
4044:
4039:
3777:
3485:
3275:
3255:
2787:
2767:
2681:
2668:
2575:
948:
802:
572:. All except these last four provided a worldwide catch of well over a
517:
513:
370: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
298:
221:
213:
193:
176:
96:
4875:
3420:
1736:
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) (2019).
998:
because of the huge nets that are dragged along the ocean floor while
5120:
5084:
5016:
4897:
4479:
4122:
3747:
3712:
3325:
3305:
2560:
2547:
2504:
2290:
1416:
1063:
985:
973:
903:
704:
700:
494:
479:
435:
272:
268:
249:
237:
233:
217:
205:
157:
49:
4152:
2200:
2188:
In brief, The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture, 2018
1554:
345:
5046:
4220:
4162:
4132:
3947:
3597:
3131:
3121:
3071:
2527:
2494:
2447:
2442:
2370:
2300:
2275:
1223:
A Framework for a Coastal/Marine Ecological Classification Standard
999:
915:
541:
487:
427:
403:
260:
245:
229:
225:
209:
2081:
2079:
2077:
1636:
695:
are classified as renewable when the organisms of interest (e.g.,
80:
4978:
4960:
4884:
4798:
4167:
4147:
4092:
4054:
3793:
3762:
3692:
3592:
3126:
2648:
2638:
2628:
2620:
2593:
2532:
2489:
2474:
2452:
2415:
2375:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2090:. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
989:
965:
940:
708:
580:
573:
569:
561:
537:
529:
509:
497:
are increasing. Farming can occur in coastal areas, such as with
451:
316:
294:
184:
150:
103:
is an increasing problem, causing declines in some populations.
69:
2004:
968:
in 2048. The scientists stated that the decline was a result of
679:
A signboard listing fishing regulations at Horton Creek, Arizona
4177:
4102:
4074:
2643:
2633:
2598:
2467:
2457:
2280:
2247:
2112:
2074:
1438:
565:
553:
443:
439:
156:
The definition often includes a combination of mammal and fish
79:
or, more commonly, the site where such enterprise takes place (
34:
2119:
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), ed. (2022),
1455:"Prince Charles calls for greater sustainability in fisheries"
1024:
Fisheries are affected by climate change in many ways: marine
2653:
2603:
2588:
2537:
2390:
2365:
2285:
2010:
1607:
1605:
1002:. Many corals are being destroyed and, as a consequence, the
977:
955:
equipment that are wearing down by use, lost or thrown away.
773:
International attention to these issues has been captured in
576:
549:
475:
471:
264:
1582:
Garcia SM, Zerbi A, Aliaume C, Do Chi T, Lasserre G (2003).
1512:
In brief, The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture, 2018
1329:
Jr. Cleveland P Hickman, Larry S. Roberts, Allan L. Larson:
2583:
2522:
2385:
2295:
2127:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 321–446,
1234:
895:
696:
557:
525:
455:
197:
72:
1602:
1090:
which can lead to losses of production and infrastructure.
4157:
4112:
2555:
2420:
1434:
927:
608:
533:
478:, due to the abundance of nutrients available there from
146:
2954:
1581:
781:
for coastal communities, including in their fishery and
2212:
744:
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
200:
throughout life, and can also refer to those that have
508:
There are commercial fisheries worldwide for finfish,
4793:
1676:
Oceanography in the 21st Century – An Online Textbook
4321:
1659:
ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/004/y3427e/y3427e00.pdf
1276:"Open Access Fisheries Journals | Medical Journals"
1909:Observations: Oceanic Climate Change and Sea Level
1890:"Seafood Population Depleted by 2048, Study Finds"
1431:Fisheries and Aquaculture in our Changing Climate
5190:
3768:International Seafood Sustainability Foundation
3394:United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
2213:The Fishery Resources Monitoring System (FIRMS)
1920:Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis
1887:
1447:
2051:
1351:"Finfish – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics"
1189:
1187:
914:on other elements of the environment, such as
192:is most strictly used to describe any aquatic
4779:
3886:
2926:
2233:
1692:
1529:Lackey, Robert; Nielsen, Larry, eds. (1980).
1528:
1158:The "How To" guide for wild capture fisheries
252:did not make any distinction — for instance,
2177: This article incorporates text from a
2052:Cheung, W.W.L.; et al. (October 2009).
1935:
1482:Inland Fisheries Management in North America
1480:Hubert, Wayne; Quist, Michael, eds. (2010).
894:includes issues such as the availability of
327:to distinguish them from other invertebrate
4926:List of harvested aquatic animals by weight
4851:Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing
3943:List of harvested aquatic animals by weight
3900:
3544:List of commercially important fish species
3389:Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing
1836:
1479:
1184:
293:is used as a collective term, and includes
236:. In the strict sense, all vertebrates are
4786:
4772:
3893:
3879:
2940:
2933:
2919:
2240:
2226:
1988:"Climate Action Benefits: Freshwater Fish"
1127:Regional Fisheries Management Organisation
648:anticipated to fill the supply–demand gap.
2132:
2028:
1922:. Contribution of Working Group I to the
1811:
1738:"Fishery and Aquaculture Statistics 2017"
1246:
847:Fisheries law also includes the study of
386:Learn how and when to remove this message
3516:Regional fishery management organisation
2181:work. Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO (
1693:Frouz, Jan; Frouzová, Jaroslava (2022).
881:
869:
801:
674:
621:
397:
240:fish, although colloquially "fish" is a
48:
29:
2167:
1784:
1669:
856:
493:Most fisheries are wild fisheries, but
14:
5191:
1985:
1394:New Zealand Seafood Industry Council.
1298:
599:, including the taking of fish beyond
586:
331:harvested in fisheries or aquaculture.
4767:
4320:
3910:
3874:
3346:
2953:
2914:
2221:
1812:Magazine, Smithsonian; Kindy, David.
1555:"The ecosystem approach to fisheries"
1505:
1503:
1501:
1233:. NatureServe, page 86. Prepared for
817:approaches such as catch shares e.g.
37:spawn in a salmon fishery within the
3399:United Nations Fish Stocks Agreement
1938:"The Dangers of Ocean Acidification"
368:adding citations to reliable sources
339:
319:. True fish are also referred to as
248:vertebrates. In earlier times, even
3574:Future of Marine Animal Populations
3451:Fishery Resources Monitoring System
3441:Monitoring control and surveillance
1888:Juliet Eilperin (2 November 2006).
1625:
1333:, McGraw-Hill Publishing Co, 2001,
1220:Madden, CJ and Grossman, DH (2004)
740:monitoring control and surveillance
24:
3911:
1498:
1250:NOAA Fisheries Glossary: "Fishery"
1247:Blackhart, K; et al. (2006).
1056:impacts of climate change on ocean
994:Reefs are also being destroyed by
806:Fishery on Lake Tondano, Indonesia
490:, and inland in lakes and rivers.
53:% of fisheries exploited over time
25:
5210:
4367:Geothermal energy and aquaculture
4226:Worshipful Company of Fishmongers
3773:Sea Shepherd Conservation Society
3506:National Marine Fisheries Service
3501:European Fisheries Control Agency
2194:
1965:10.1038/scientificamerican0306-58
1670:Stewart, Robert (16 April 2009).
1237:under Contract EA-133C-03-SE-0275
1010:
87:). Commercial fisheries include
5171:
5170:
5158:
4874:
4006:
3419:
3165:
2982:Population dynamics of fisheries
2749:
2742:
2735:
2172:
1750:from the original on 2019-10-26.
1457:. London Mercury. Archived from
1377:. GreenFacts Website. 2009-03-02
1331:Integrated Principles of Zoology
1122:Population dynamics of fisheries
1112:National Fish Habitat Initiative
1016:This section is an excerpt from
862:This section is an excerpt from
794:This section is an excerpt from
667:This section is an excerpt from
344:
167:
5159:
3703:Aquaculture Stewardship Council
3559:Environmental impact of fishing
2045:
1979:
1929:
1902:
1881:
1830:
1805:
1778:
1754:
1729:
1686:
1663:
1651:
1642:
1575:
1547:
1522:
1473:
1424:
1409:
1388:
1375:"Scientific Facts on Fisheries"
1367:
1196:FAO Fishery Glossary; "Fishery"
892:environmental impact of fishing
864:Environmental impact of fishing
775:Sustainable Development Goal 14
768:
355:needs additional citations for
4640:Federated States of Micronesia
3677:U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
3037:Otolith microchemical analysis
1785:Laville, Sandra (2019-11-06).
1343:
1323:
1292:
1268:
1240:
1214:
1177:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary
1164:
1149:
1086:are climate change impacts on
926:programs. According to a 2019
819:individual transferable quotas
779:sustainable economic practices
140:
135:ocean caused by climate change
13:
1:
3672:European Environmental Agency
3662:Grey nurse shark conservation
3569:Destructive fishing practices
3067:Pop-up satellite archival tag
1766:sharkresearch.rsmas.miami.edu
1444:in Copenhagen, December 2009.
1202:. Rome: FAO. 2009. p. 24
1143:
661:
617:
244:term that only refers to non-
3652:Marine conservation activism
3102:Climate change and fisheries
2183:license statement/permission
1678:. OceanWorld. Archived from
1018:Climate change and fisheries
1006:of many species is at stake.
717:reducing future productivity
121:Declining fish populations,
7:
4826:Fish diseases and parasites
4440:Fish diseases and parasites
2017:Frontiers in Marine Science
1936:Doney, S. C. (March 2006).
1132:Sea Fish Industry Authority
1094:
1058:systems has impacts on the
918:. These issues are part of
910:; as well as the impact of
727:and possibly including the
10:
5215:
4513:Microalgal bacterial flocs
3698:Marine Stewardship Council
3491:EU Common Fisheries Policy
1986:US EPA, OAR (2015-04-07).
1533:. Blackwell. p. 422.
1299:Nelson, Joseph S. (2006).
1015:
861:
793:
750:The integrated process of
666:
629:
579:in 1999, with herring and
174:
27:Raising or harvesting fish
5144:
5113:
5060:
5032:Gathering seafood by hand
5007:
4969:
4916:
4883:
4872:
4806:
4607:
4536:
4493:
4415:
4337:
4333:
4316:
4277:
4234:
4191:
4083:
4015:
4004:
3923:
3919:
3906:
3852:Glossary of fishery terms
3847:Index of fishing articles
3837:
3786:
3685:
3629:
3564:Fishing down the food web
3539:Maximum sustainable yield
3526:
3428:
3417:
3371:
3367:
3342:
3174:
3163:
3097:Match/mismatch hypothesis
2970:
2966:
2949:
2875:
2758:
2733:
2695:
2667:
2619:
2574:
2546:
2513:
2406:
2341:
2266:
2257:
2134:10.1017/9781009157964.006
1705:10.1007/978-3-030-83225-4
1229:October 29, 2008, at the
1030:rising ocean temperatures
876:Fishing down the food web
825:guidelines that maximize
4846:Individual fishing quota
4377:Integrated multi-trophic
3738:Save Our Seas Foundation
3471:Individual fishing quota
3446:Vessel monitoring system
3092:Hydrographic containment
2201:FAO Fisheries Department
2063:(Report). Archived from
2030:10.3389/fmars.2016.00048
1415:C. Michael Hogan (2010)
852:human health and safety.
760:environmental compliance
736:environmental management
723:is possible, drawing on
721:sustainable exploitation
335:
116:first-come, first-served
4347:Aquaculture engineering
3901:Fishing industry topics
3384:Exclusive economic zone
3062:GIS and aquatic science
3017:Standard weight in fish
1859:10.1126/science.1132294
1102:Fisheries co-management
922:, and are addressed in
729:precautionary principle
305:that are harvested for
279:, as well as a host of
177:Fish § Terminology
3613:Turtle excluder device
3286:Shoaling and schooling
1028:are being affected by
887:
879:
831:international treaties
807:
788:
764:
680:
627:
407:
54:
46:
4285:World fish production
3637:Marine protected area
3511:Regional fishery body
3137:Census of Marine Life
3032:Catch per unit effort
2885:World fish production
2248:Principal commercial
1355:www.sciencedirect.com
1307:John Wiley & Sons
1042:freshwater ecosystems
885:
873:
805:
752:information gathering
748:
678:
630:Further information:
625:
503:aquaculture of salmon
401:
175:Further information:
52:
33:
4836:Fisheries management
3476:Minimum landing size
3436:Fisheries management
3411:Magnuson–Stevens Act
3406:Fisheries Convention
3157:Fisheries scientists
2168:Free content sources
1818:Smithsonian Magazine
1613:Fisheries Management
1531:Fisheries management
1433:Policy brief of the
1084:harmful algal blooms
908:fisheries management
857:Environmental issues
815:fisheries management
685:fisheries management
669:Fisheries management
520:, and by extension,
364:improve this article
281:marine invertebrates
214:in this strict sense
162:recreational fishing
108:fisheries management
60:can mean either the
4994:Fishing tournaments
4856:Sustainable fishery
4138:Fish protein powder
3753:Defying Ocean's End
3657:Salmon conservation
3647:Marine conservation
3587:The End of the Line
3580:The Sunken Billions
3549:Sustainable seafood
3534:Sustainable fishery
3147:Fisheries databases
3077:Age class structure
3047:Fisheries acoustics
2185:). Text taken from
1957:2006SciAm.294c..58D
1945:Scientific American
1895:The Washington Post
1851:2006Sci...314..787W
1302:Fishes of the World
1080:fishing communities
1078:means that coastal
1038:ocean deoxygenation
1034:ocean acidification
920:marine conservation
587:Economic importance
438:. Examples are the
216:; examples include
39:Becharof Wilderness
4936:Commercial fishing
4908:History of fishing
4290:Fishing by country
3933:Commercial fishing
3842:Outline of fishing
3461:Fisheries observer
3112:Aquatic ecosystems
2900:Fisheries glossary
2890:Commercial species
2880:Commercial fishing
2268:Large pelagic fish
2206:2008-07-06 at the
1914:2017-05-13 at the
1672:"Fisheries Issues"
1403:2008-12-28 at the
1309:, Inc. p. 2.
1180:. Merriam-Webster.
1026:aquatic ecosystems
912:industrial fishing
888:
880:
808:
681:
628:
601:sustainable levels
408:
257:natural historians
55:
47:
5199:Fishing companies
5186:
5185:
4989:Catch and release
4893:Artisanal fishing
4841:Fisheries science
4821:Diversity of fish
4761:
4760:
4757:
4756:
4753:
4752:
4554:Freshwater prawns
4312:
4311:
4308:
4307:
4035:Fish preservation
3958:Midwater trawling
3868:
3867:
3864:
3863:
3860:
3859:
3824:Threatened sharks
3723:Ocean Conservancy
3708:Friend of the Sea
3338:
3337:
3334:
3333:
3246:Lobster fisheries
3191:Diversity of fish
2987:Shifting baseline
2956:Fisheries science
2908:
2907:
2805:Freshwater prawns
2731:
2730:
2144:978-1-00-915796-4
2097:978-92-5-130607-9
1845:(5800): 787–790.
1714:978-3-030-83224-7
1491:978-1-934874-16-5
1280:www.iomcworld.org
1107:Fisheries science
1074:). The effect of
924:fisheries science
725:fisheries science
480:coastal upwelling
396:
395:
388:
259:often classified
145:According to the
127:economic security
16:(Redirected from
5206:
5174:
5173:
5162:
5161:
5131:Fishing villages
5070:Artificial flies
5037:Handline fishing
4984:Big-game fishing
4878:
4788:
4781:
4774:
4765:
4764:
4685:Papua New Guinea
4665:Marshall Islands
4335:
4334:
4327:farmed fisheries
4318:
4317:
4206:Shrimp marketing
4128:Fish hydrolysate
4010:
3925:Fishing industry
3921:
3920:
3908:
3907:
3895:
3888:
3881:
3872:
3871:
3804:Marine pollution
3608:Cetacean bycatch
3603:Incidental catch
3423:
3369:
3368:
3344:
3343:
3311:Humboldt current
3169:
3087:Trophic cascades
3027:Data storage tag
3012:Fish measurement
3007:Stock assessment
2968:
2967:
2951:
2950:
2935:
2928:
2921:
2912:
2911:
2753:
2746:
2739:
2321:southern bluefin
2311:Atlantic bluefin
2264:
2263:
2242:
2235:
2228:
2219:
2218:
2176:
2162:
2161:
2160:
2159:
2136:
2116:
2110:
2109:
2083:
2072:
2071:
2069:
2058:
2049:
2043:
2042:
2032:
2008:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1998:
1983:
1977:
1976:
1942:
1933:
1927:
1906:
1900:
1899:
1885:
1879:
1878:
1834:
1828:
1827:
1825:
1824:
1809:
1803:
1802:
1800:
1799:
1782:
1776:
1775:
1773:
1772:
1758:
1752:
1751:
1749:
1742:
1733:
1727:
1726:
1690:
1684:
1683:
1682:on Apr 28, 2016.
1667:
1661:
1655:
1649:
1646:
1640:
1629:
1623:
1609:
1600:
1599:
1579:
1573:
1572:
1570:
1568:
1559:
1551:
1545:
1544:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1517:
1507:
1496:
1495:
1477:
1471:
1470:
1468:
1466:
1451:
1445:
1428:
1422:
1413:
1407:
1392:
1386:
1385:
1383:
1382:
1371:
1365:
1364:
1362:
1361:
1347:
1341:
1327:
1321:
1320:
1296:
1290:
1289:
1287:
1286:
1272:
1266:
1265:
1263:
1261:
1255:
1244:
1238:
1218:
1212:
1211:
1209:
1207:
1201:
1191:
1182:
1181:
1168:
1162:
1153:
1004:ecological niche
933:world population
632:Fishing industry
495:farmed fisheries
450:fishery off the
412:fishing industry
391:
384:
380:
377:
371:
348:
340:
208:in the shape of
123:marine pollution
43:Southwest Alaska
21:
5214:
5213:
5209:
5208:
5207:
5205:
5204:
5203:
5189:
5188:
5187:
5182:
5140:
5136:Marine habitats
5109:
5080:Bite indicators
5056:
5003:
4965:
4912:
4879:
4870:
4802:
4792:
4762:
4749:
4695:Solomon Islands
4603:
4532:
4518:Photobioreactor
4489:
4411:
4329:
4304:
4273:
4230:
4201:Live fish trade
4187:
4079:
4017:Fish processing
4011:
4002:
3993:Fishing vessels
3963:Bottom trawling
3915:
3902:
3899:
3869:
3856:
3833:
3829:Threatened rays
3809:Mercury in fish
3782:
3681:
3667:Shark sanctuary
3625:
3522:
3456:Catch reporting
3424:
3415:
3363:
3330:
3236:Krill fisheries
3201:Coral reef fish
3186:Ocean fisheries
3177:
3170:
3161:
3002:Condition index
2973:
2962:
2945:
2939:
2909:
2904:
2871:
2810:Gilt-head bream
2754:
2748:
2747:
2741:
2740:
2727:
2718:Lobster fishing
2691:
2663:
2615:
2570:
2548:Other wild fish
2542:
2515:Freshwater fish
2509:
2402:
2337:
2316:Pacific bluefin
2253:
2246:
2208:Wayback Machine
2197:
2191:, FAO, FAO.
2170:
2165:
2157:
2155:
2145:
2117:
2113:
2098:
2084:
2075:
2067:
2056:
2050:
2046:
2009:
2005:
1996:
1994:
1984:
1980:
1940:
1934:
1930:
1926:. (15 MB).
1916:Wayback Machine
1907:
1903:
1886:
1882:
1835:
1831:
1822:
1820:
1810:
1806:
1797:
1795:
1783:
1779:
1770:
1768:
1760:
1759:
1755:
1747:
1740:
1734:
1730:
1715:
1696:Applied Ecology
1691:
1687:
1668:
1664:
1656:
1652:
1647:
1643:
1630:
1626:
1610:
1603:
1596:
1580:
1576:
1566:
1564:
1557:
1553:
1552:
1548:
1541:
1527:
1523:
1515:
1509:
1508:
1499:
1492:
1478:
1474:
1464:
1462:
1453:
1452:
1448:
1429:
1425:
1414:
1410:
1405:Wayback Machine
1397:Mussel Farming.
1393:
1389:
1380:
1378:
1373:
1372:
1368:
1359:
1357:
1349:
1348:
1344:
1328:
1324:
1317:
1297:
1293:
1284:
1282:
1274:
1273:
1269:
1259:
1257:
1253:
1245:
1241:
1231:Wayback Machine
1219:
1215:
1205:
1203:
1199:
1193:
1192:
1185:
1170:
1169:
1165:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1141:
1117:Ocean fisheries
1097:
1092:
1091:
1072:biological pump
1021:
1013:
1008:
1007:
878:
867:
859:
854:
853:
799:
791:
771:
766:
765:
756:law enforcement
672:
664:
634:
620:
589:
460:Eastern Pacific
458:fishery of the
430:or freshwater,
392:
381:
375:
372:
361:
349:
338:
303:aquatic animals
179:
173:
143:
85:fishing grounds
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5212:
5202:
5201:
5184:
5183:
5181:
5180:
5168:
5156:
5151:
5145:
5142:
5141:
5139:
5138:
5133:
5128:
5123:
5117:
5115:
5111:
5110:
5108:
5107:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5082:
5077:
5072:
5066:
5064:
5058:
5057:
5055:
5054:
5049:
5044:
5039:
5034:
5029:
5024:
5019:
5013:
5011:
5005:
5004:
5002:
5001:
4996:
4991:
4986:
4981:
4975:
4973:
4967:
4966:
4964:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4922:
4920:
4914:
4913:
4911:
4910:
4905:
4903:Fishing vessel
4900:
4895:
4889:
4887:
4881:
4880:
4873:
4871:
4869:
4868:
4866:Wild fisheries
4863:
4858:
4853:
4848:
4843:
4838:
4833:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4812:
4810:
4804:
4803:
4791:
4790:
4783:
4776:
4768:
4759:
4758:
4755:
4754:
4751:
4750:
4748:
4747:
4742:
4741:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4724:United States
4722:
4720:United Kingdom
4717:
4712:
4707:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4611:
4609:
4605:
4604:
4602:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4546:
4540:
4538:
4534:
4533:
4531:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4499:
4497:
4491:
4490:
4488:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4421:
4419:
4413:
4412:
4410:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4387:Antimicrobials
4384:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4357:Best practices
4354:
4349:
4343:
4341:
4331:
4330:
4314:
4313:
4310:
4309:
4306:
4305:
4303:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4281:
4279:
4278:Area fisheries
4275:
4274:
4272:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4259:English Market
4256:
4251:
4246:
4240:
4238:
4232:
4231:
4229:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4197:
4195:
4193:Fish marketing
4189:
4188:
4186:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4089:
4087:
4081:
4080:
4078:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4060:Salmon cannery
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4021:
4019:
4013:
4012:
4005:
4003:
4001:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3938:Fish slaughter
3935:
3929:
3927:
3917:
3916:
3913:Wild fisheries
3904:
3903:
3898:
3897:
3890:
3883:
3875:
3866:
3865:
3862:
3861:
3858:
3857:
3855:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3838:
3835:
3834:
3832:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3799:Fish slaughter
3796:
3790:
3788:
3787:Related issues
3784:
3783:
3781:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3728:Ocean Outcomes
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3689:
3687:
3683:
3682:
3680:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3642:Marine reserve
3639:
3633:
3631:
3627:
3626:
3624:
3623:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3583:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3530:
3528:
3527:Sustainability
3524:
3523:
3521:
3520:
3519:
3518:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3432:
3430:
3426:
3425:
3418:
3416:
3414:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3402:
3401:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3375:
3373:
3365:
3364:
3357:sustainability
3340:
3339:
3336:
3335:
3332:
3331:
3329:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3291:Marine habitat
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3251:Shrimp fishery
3248:
3243:
3241:Kelp fisheries
3238:
3233:
3228:
3226:Crab fisheries
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3182:
3180:
3172:
3171:
3164:
3162:
3160:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3107:Marine biology
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3057:Coded wire tag
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2997:Fish mortality
2994:
2989:
2984:
2978:
2976:
2964:
2963:
2960:wild fisheries
2947:
2946:
2944:science topics
2938:
2937:
2930:
2923:
2915:
2906:
2905:
2903:
2902:
2897:
2895:Fishing topics
2892:
2887:
2882:
2876:
2873:
2872:
2870:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2848:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2796:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2764:
2762:
2756:
2755:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2728:
2726:
2725:
2723:Shrimp fishery
2720:
2715:
2710:
2708:Crab fisheries
2705:
2699:
2697:
2693:
2692:
2690:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2673:
2671:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2625:
2623:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2613:
2608:
2607:
2606:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2580:
2578:
2572:
2571:
2569:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2552:
2550:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2519:
2517:
2511:
2510:
2508:
2507:
2502:
2500:Smelt-whitings
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2471:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2440:
2439:
2438:
2436:Alaska pollock
2433:
2428:
2418:
2412:
2410:
2404:
2403:
2401:
2400:
2399:
2398:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2347:
2345:
2339:
2338:
2336:
2335:
2334:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2272:
2270:
2261:
2255:
2254:
2252:species groups
2245:
2244:
2237:
2230:
2222:
2216:
2215:
2210:
2196:
2195:External links
2193:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2163:
2143:
2111:
2096:
2073:
2070:on 2011-07-26.
2044:
2003:
1978:
1928:
1901:
1880:
1829:
1804:
1777:
1753:
1728:
1713:
1685:
1662:
1650:
1641:
1624:
1601:
1594:
1574:
1546:
1540:978-0632006151
1539:
1521:
1497:
1490:
1472:
1446:
1423:
1408:
1387:
1366:
1342:
1322:
1315:
1291:
1267:
1239:
1213:
1200:(Entry: 98327)
1183:
1163:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1076:sea level rise
1060:sustainability
1046:Climate change
1022:
1014:
1012:
1011:Climate change
1009:
874:
868:
860:
858:
855:
827:sustainability
800:
792:
790:
787:
770:
767:
713:marine mammals
693:Wild fisheries
687:is to produce
673:
665:
663:
660:
659:
658:
655:
652:
649:
645:
619:
616:
603:, is reducing
588:
585:
522:aquatic plants
426:. They can be
394:
393:
352:
350:
343:
337:
334:
333:
332:
310:
307:economic value
284:
277:hippopotamuses
172:
166:
142:
139:
110:practices and
89:wild fisheries
26:
18:Fishing ground
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5211:
5200:
5197:
5196:
5194:
5179:
5178:
5169:
5167:
5166:
5157:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5146:
5143:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5126:Fishing banks
5124:
5122:
5119:
5118:
5116:
5112:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5081:
5078:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5067:
5065:
5063:
5059:
5053:
5050:
5048:
5045:
5043:
5040:
5038:
5035:
5033:
5030:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5020:
5018:
5015:
5014:
5012:
5010:
5006:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4976:
4974:
4972:
4968:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4923:
4921:
4919:
4915:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4890:
4888:
4886:
4882:
4877:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4844:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4819:
4817:
4814:
4813:
4811:
4809:
4805:
4800:
4796:
4789:
4784:
4782:
4777:
4775:
4770:
4769:
4766:
4746:
4743:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4725:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4612:
4610:
4606:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4569:Marine shrimp
4567:
4565:
4564:Hirudiculture
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4541:
4539:
4537:Other species
4535:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4500:
4498:
4496:
4492:
4486:
4485:US hatcheries
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4460:Fish stocking
4458:
4456:
4455:Fish hatchery
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4422:
4420:
4418:
4414:
4408:
4407:Recirculating
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4372:Inland saline
4370:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4362:Copper alloys
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4344:
4342:
4340:
4336:
4332:
4328:
4324:
4319:
4315:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4295:Fishing banks
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4282:
4280:
4276:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4241:
4239:
4237:
4233:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4198:
4196:
4194:
4190:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4118:Fish emulsion
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4108:Cod liver oil
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4090:
4088:
4086:
4085:Fish products
4082:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4050:Filleted fish
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4022:
4020:
4018:
4014:
4009:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3953:Pair trawling
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3930:
3928:
3926:
3922:
3918:
3914:
3909:
3905:
3896:
3891:
3889:
3884:
3882:
3877:
3876:
3873:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3839:
3836:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3819:Shark finning
3817:
3815:
3814:Shark culling
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3791:
3789:
3785:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3743:Sea Around Us
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3718:Seafood Watch
3716:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3690:
3688:
3684:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3634:
3632:
3628:
3622:
3620:
3619:Shrimp-Turtle
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3588:
3584:
3582:
3581:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3531:
3529:
3525:
3517:
3514:
3513:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3481:Pulse fishing
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3433:
3431:
3427:
3422:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3400:
3397:
3396:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3379:Fisheries law
3377:
3376:
3374:
3370:
3366:
3362:
3358:
3354:
3350:
3349:Fisheries law
3345:
3341:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3231:Eel fisheries
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3221:Cod fisheries
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3206:Demersal fish
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3183:
3181:
3179:
3173:
3168:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3082:Trophic level
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2979:
2977:
2975:
2969:
2965:
2961:
2957:
2952:
2948:
2943:
2936:
2931:
2929:
2924:
2922:
2917:
2916:
2913:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2877:
2874:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2827:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2770:
2769:
2766:
2765:
2763:
2761:
2757:
2752:
2745:
2738:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2713:Krill fishery
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2703:Cod fisheries
2701:
2700:
2698:
2694:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2677:Sea cucumbers
2675:
2674:
2672:
2670:
2666:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2626:
2624:
2622:
2618:
2612:
2609:
2605:
2602:
2601:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2581:
2579:
2577:
2573:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2553:
2551:
2549:
2545:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2520:
2518:
2516:
2512:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2485:Orange roughy
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2445:
2444:
2441:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2423:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2413:
2411:
2409:
2408:Demersal fish
2405:
2397:
2394:
2393:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2348:
2346:
2344:
2340:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2298:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2273:
2271:
2269:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2256:
2251:
2243:
2238:
2236:
2231:
2229:
2224:
2223:
2220:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2205:
2202:
2199:
2198:
2192:
2190:
2189:
2184:
2180:
2175:
2154:
2150:
2146:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2115:
2107:
2103:
2099:
2093:
2089:
2082:
2080:
2078:
2066:
2062:
2061:Sea Around Us
2055:
2048:
2040:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2007:
1993:
1989:
1982:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1939:
1932:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1910:
1905:
1897:
1896:
1891:
1884:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1833:
1819:
1815:
1808:
1794:
1793:
1788:
1781:
1767:
1763:
1757:
1746:
1739:
1732:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1697:
1689:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1666:
1660:
1654:
1645:
1638:
1634:
1628:
1622:
1621:92-5-103962-3
1618:
1614:
1608:
1606:
1597:
1595:9789251049600
1591:
1587:
1586:
1578:
1563:
1556:
1550:
1542:
1536:
1532:
1525:
1514:
1513:
1506:
1504:
1502:
1493:
1487:
1483:
1476:
1461:on 2014-07-14
1460:
1456:
1450:
1443:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1427:
1420:
1419:
1412:
1406:
1402:
1399:
1398:
1391:
1376:
1370:
1356:
1352:
1346:
1340:
1339:0-07-290961-7
1336:
1332:
1326:
1318:
1316:0-471-25031-7
1312:
1308:
1304:
1303:
1295:
1281:
1277:
1271:
1252:
1251:
1243:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1217:
1198:
1197:
1190:
1188:
1179:
1178:
1173:
1167:
1160:
1159:
1152:
1148:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1099:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1051:
1050:fish products
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1019:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
991:
987:
983:
982:United States
979:
975:
971:
967:
963:
962:
956:
954:
950:
946:
945:microplastics
942:
936:
934:
929:
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
901:
897:
893:
884:
877:
872:
865:
850:
846:
842:
840:
836:
832:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
811:Fisheries law
804:
797:
796:Fisheries law
786:
784:
780:
776:
763:
761:
757:
753:
747:
745:
741:
737:
732:
730:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
677:
670:
656:
653:
650:
646:
643:
642:
641:
638:
633:
624:
615:
612:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
584:
582:
578:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
506:
504:
500:
496:
491:
489:
485:
481:
477:
476:coastal shelf
473:
467:
465:
461:
457:
454:islands, the
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
405:
402:Fishermen in
400:
390:
387:
379:
369:
365:
359:
358:
353:This section
351:
347:
342:
341:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
311:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
285:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
238:cladistically
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
186:
181:
180:
178:
171:
165:
163:
159:
154:
152:
148:
138:
136:
132:
131:food security
128:
124:
119:
117:
113:
112:legal regimes
109:
104:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
71:
67:
63:
59:
51:
44:
40:
36:
32:
19:
5175:
5163:
5042:Spearfishing
4831:Fish farming
4807:
4794:
4700:South Africa
4589:Sea cucumber
4544:Brine shrimp
4523:Raceway pond
4465:Spawning bed
4445:Fish farming
4417:Fish farming
4254:Maine Avenue
4244:Billingsgate
4236:Fish markets
4211:Chasse-marée
4183:Surströmming
4173:Shrimp paste
4098:Fish as food
4030:Factory ship
4025:Fish factory
3630:Conservation
3618:
3585:
3578:
3361:conservation
3316:Algal blooms
3301:Water column
3216:Pelagic fish
3196:Coastal fish
3142:OSTM/Jason-2
3117:Bioeconomics
3052:Acoustic tag
3022:Fish counter
2941:
2835:salmon trout
2249:
2187:
2179:free content
2171:
2156:, retrieved
2124:
2114:
2087:
2065:the original
2060:
2047:
2020:
2016:
2006:
1995:. Retrieved
1991:
1981:
1951:(3): 58–65.
1948:
1944:
1931:
1919:
1904:
1893:
1883:
1842:
1838:
1832:
1821:. Retrieved
1817:
1807:
1796:. Retrieved
1792:The Guardian
1790:
1780:
1769:. Retrieved
1765:
1756:
1731:
1695:
1688:
1680:the original
1675:
1665:
1653:
1644:
1637:A/RES/71/313
1627:
1584:
1577:
1565:. Retrieved
1561:
1549:
1530:
1524:
1518:. FAO. 2018.
1511:
1481:
1475:
1463:. Retrieved
1459:the original
1449:
1426:
1417:
1411:
1396:
1390:
1379:. Retrieved
1369:
1358:. Retrieved
1354:
1345:
1330:
1325:
1300:
1294:
1283:. Retrieved
1279:
1270:
1258:. Retrieved
1249:
1242:
1222:
1216:
1204:. Retrieved
1195:
1175:
1166:
1157:
1151:
1137:Tanka people
1023:
959:
958:The journal
957:
937:
889:
843:
809:
772:
769:Global goals
749:
733:
683:The goal of
682:
639:
635:
613:
590:
507:
499:oyster farms
492:
468:
420:recreational
409:
382:
376:January 2021
373:
362:Please help
357:verification
354:
329:aquatic life
324:
320:
312:
290:
287:In fisheries
286:
254:16th century
242:paraphyletic
204:(if any) or
189:
182:
169:
155:
144:
120:
105:
84:
77:aquatic life
57:
56:
5027:Fishing net
4999:Fly fishing
4861:Overfishing
4816:Aquaculture
4801:topic areas
4705:South Korea
4675:New Zealand
4594:Sea sponges
4495:Algaculture
4382:Mariculture
4339:Aquaculture
4323:Aquaculture
4300:Other areas
4070:Smoked fish
4065:Salted fish
3998:Power block
3973:Gillnetting
3554:Overfishing
3466:Catch share
3296:Marine snow
3281:Sardine run
3266:Fish screen
3261:Fish ladder
3211:Forage fish
2669:Echinoderms
2576:Crustaceans
2343:Forage fish
1611:FAO (1997)
1418:Overfishing
1088:aquaculture
1068:aquaculture
996:overfishing
970:overfishing
900:overfishing
849:aquaculture
785:practices.
783:aquaculture
689:sustainable
605:fish stocks
597:Overfishing
593:aquaculture
518:echinoderms
514:crustaceans
484:land runoff
464:shrimp farm
442:fishery of
424:subsistence
299:crustaceans
289:– the term
188:– the term
141:Definitions
101:overfishing
5121:Fish ponds
5022:Fishfinder
5009:Techniques
4971:Recreation
4951:Processing
4931:By country
4660:Madagascar
4635:East Timor
4608:By country
4508:Microalgae
4503:Giant kelp
4425:Broodstock
4352:Aquaponics
4216:Fishmonger
4143:Fish sauce
4045:Dried fish
4040:Slurry ice
3978:Longlining
3778:Greenpeace
3486:Slot limit
3429:Management
3353:management
3321:Dead zones
3276:Salmon run
3256:Eel ladder
3152:Institutes
2992:Fish stock
2682:Sea urchin
2158:2022-04-06
2106:1078885208
1997:2020-04-06
1823:2022-05-10
1798:2022-05-10
1771:2018-04-02
1381:2009-03-25
1360:2022-07-06
1285:2022-07-06
1260:21 January
1206:21 January
1144:References
953:longlining
949:drift nets
839:aboriginal
758:to ensure
705:amphibians
662:Management
618:Production
556:, salmon,
416:commercial
406:, Portugal
283:, as fish.
273:crocodiles
269:amphibians
250:biologists
222:cuttlefish
206:appendages
194:vertebrate
97:freshwater
95:, both in
93:fish farms
75:and other
70:harvesting
62:enterprise
5114:Locations
5017:Fish trap
4941:Marketing
4898:Fisherman
4808:Fisheries
4795:Fisheries
4650:Indonesia
4615:Australia
4480:Tailwater
4450:Fish feed
4123:Fish meal
3748:WorldFish
3713:SeaChoice
3326:Fish kill
3306:Upwelling
3271:Migration
3178:fisheries
2972:Fisheries
2696:Fisheries
2561:Whitebait
2505:Toothfish
2331:yellowfin
2291:Swordfish
2153:246522316
2039:2296-7745
1723:245009867
1172:"fishery"
1064:fisheries
986:Australia
974:pollution
904:fisheries
701:shellfish
501:, or the
488:seamounts
462:, or the
428:saltwater
313:True fish
275:and even
234:jellyfish
218:shellfish
210:fish fins
196:that has
168:The term
5193:Category
5177:Category
5149:Glossary
5052:Trolling
5047:Trawling
4956:Products
4918:Industry
4655:Kiribati
4584:Scallops
4392:Offshore
4221:Fishwife
4163:Lutefisk
4133:Fish oil
4113:Fish roe
3988:Dredging
3983:Trolling
3948:Trawling
3758:HERMIONE
3686:Advocacy
3598:Discards
3132:FishBase
3122:EconMult
3072:EcoSCOPE
2852:Scallops
2830:Atlantic
2649:Scallops
2621:Molluscs
2528:Sturgeon
2495:Rockfish
2448:flounder
2443:Flatfish
2426:Atlantic
2396:european
2376:Sardines
2371:Menhaden
2326:skipjack
2301:albacore
2276:Mackerel
2204:Archived
1973:16502612
1912:Archived
1875:37235806
1867:17082450
1745:Archived
1437:for the
1401:Archived
1227:Archived
1095:See also
1040:, while
1000:trawling
935:growth.
835:industry
709:reptiles
581:sardines
570:scallops
542:flounder
540:, tuna,
524:such as
510:mollusks
404:Sesimbra
325:fin fish
317:teleosts
301:and any
295:mollusks
246:tetrapod
230:crayfish
226:starfish
5165:Outline
4979:Angling
4961:Seafood
4946:Markets
4885:Fishing
4799:fishing
4745:Vanuatu
4599:Turtles
4579:Oysters
4574:Octopus
4559:Geoduck
4528:Seaweed
4475:Tilapia
4430:Catfish
4402:Raceway
4397:Organic
4269:Tsukiji
4168:Rakfisk
4148:Gravlax
4093:Seafood
4075:Kippers
4055:Gibbing
3968:Seining
3794:CalCOFI
3763:PROFISH
3693:FishAct
3593:Bycatch
3127:Ecopath
3042:Biomass
2974:science
2942:Fishery
2867:Tilapia
2857:Seaweed
2845:chinook
2820:Oysters
2815:Mussels
2800:Catfish
2783:crucian
2773:bighead
2687:more...
2659:more...
2644:Oysters
2639:Octopus
2634:Mussels
2629:Abalone
2611:more...
2594:Lobster
2566:more...
2533:Tilapia
2490:Pollock
2475:Haddock
2453:halibut
2431:Pacific
2416:Catfish
2361:Herring
2356:Capelin
2351:Anchovy
2250:fishery
1953:Bibcode
1847:Bibcode
1839:Science
1588:. FAO.
1465:13 July
990:Bahamas
966:seafood
961:Science
941:seabird
916:bycatch
574:million
562:lobster
538:anchovy
530:herring
452:Lofoten
321:finfish
185:biology
158:fishers
151:fishing
66:raising
58:Fishery
5105:Sinker
5062:Tackle
4733:Hawaii
4728:Alaska
4715:Tuvalu
4620:Canada
4470:Salmon
4264:Scania
4249:Fulton
4178:Surimi
4153:Hákarl
4103:Caviar
3733:Oceana
3496:EU MLS
2862:Shrimp
2825:Salmon
2793:silver
2778:common
2760:Farmed
2604:Prawns
2599:Shrimp
2480:Mullet
2468:turbot
2458:plaice
2306:bigeye
2281:Salmon
2151:
2141:
2104:
2094:
2037:
1992:US EPA
1971:
1873:
1865:
1721:
1711:
1619:
1592:
1567:7 July
1537:
1488:
1442:COP-15
1439:UNFCCC
1337:
1313:
980:, the
906:, and
823:policy
577:tonnes
566:oyster
554:shrimp
546:mullet
446:, the
444:Alaska
440:salmon
436:farmed
265:whales
81:a.k.a.
35:Salmon
5154:Index
5095:Lures
4738:Maine
4710:Tonga
4690:Samoa
4680:Palau
4670:Nauru
4630:China
4625:Chile
4549:Coral
4435:Cobia
2788:grass
2654:Squid
2589:Krill
2538:Trout
2391:Sprat
2381:Saury
2366:Ilish
2286:Shark
2149:S2CID
2068:(PDF)
2057:(PDF)
1941:(PDF)
1871:S2CID
1748:(PDF)
1741:(PDF)
1719:S2CID
1558:(PDF)
1516:(PDF)
1254:(PDF)
978:Tonga
550:squid
472:coast
336:Types
261:seals
202:limbs
198:gills
5090:Line
5085:Hook
5075:Bait
4797:and
4645:Fiji
4325:and
3621:case
3359:and
3176:Wild
2958:and
2840:coho
2768:Carp
2584:Crab
2523:Carp
2463:sole
2386:Shad
2296:Tuna
2259:Wild
2139:ISBN
2102:OCLC
2092:ISBN
2035:ISSN
1969:PMID
1918:In:
1863:PMID
1709:ISBN
1617:ISBN
1590:ISBN
1569:2023
1535:ISBN
1486:ISBN
1467:2014
1335:ISBN
1311:ISBN
1262:2020
1235:NOAA
1208:2020
1066:and
1054:The
1036:and
988:and
951:and
896:fish
890:The
833:and
711:and
697:fish
568:and
558:crab
526:kelp
516:and
482:and
456:tuna
432:wild
410:The
291:fish
232:and
190:fish
170:fish
129:and
91:and
73:fish
5100:Rod
4158:Lox
3372:Law
2556:Eel
2421:Cod
2129:doi
2025:doi
1961:doi
1949:294
1855:doi
1843:314
1701:doi
1562:FAO
1435:FAO
1062:of
928:FAO
789:Law
609:GDP
534:cod
448:cod
434:or
422:or
366:by
323:or
183:In
147:FAO
68:or
64:of
41:in
5195::
3355:,
3351:,
2147:,
2137:,
2123:,
2100:.
2076:^
2059:.
2033:.
2023:.
2019:.
2015:.
1990:.
1967:.
1959:.
1947:.
1943:.
1892:.
1869:.
1861:.
1853:.
1841:.
1816:.
1789:.
1764:.
1743:.
1717:.
1707:.
1699:.
1674:.
1604:^
1560:.
1500:^
1353:.
1305:.
1278:.
1186:^
1174:.
1032:,
984:,
972:,
902:,
898:,
731:.
707:,
703:,
699:,
595:.
564:,
560:,
552:,
548:,
544:,
536:,
532:,
512:,
418:,
297:,
271:,
267:,
263:,
228:,
224:,
220:,
83:,
4787:e
4780:t
4773:v
3894:e
3887:t
3880:v
2934:e
2927:t
2920:v
2241:e
2234:t
2227:v
2131::
2108:.
2041:.
2027::
2021:3
2000:.
1975:.
1963::
1955::
1898:.
1877:.
1857::
1849::
1826:.
1801:.
1774:.
1725:.
1703::
1639:)
1635:(
1598:.
1571:.
1543:.
1494:.
1469:.
1384:.
1363:.
1319:.
1288:.
1264:.
1210:.
1020:.
866:.
798:.
671:.
389:)
383:(
378:)
374:(
360:.
309:.
45:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
