1550:
1654:
187:
139:
161:
1822:
1756:
124:
1438:
1007:
45:
843:
4943:
4144:
1184:
4960:
4376:
4938:
1720:, the main Austrian stronghold remaining in Moravia, but they made little progress due to the substantial Austrian garrison and a shortage of supplies. The Saxons abandoned the effort on 30 March and returned to Bohemia, where they would remain until withdrawing completely from the war in July. The Moravian campaign achieved no significant gains, and on 5
1838:
Succession raged on, Frederick abandoned his erstwhile allies in the League of
Nymphenburg and earned a reputation for diplomatic unreliability and double-dealing. With Prussia removed from the wider war, Austria launched a major counter-attack and began regaining lost ground on other fronts, and the diplomatic situation shifted in Austria's favour.
1169:, was especially interested in gaining control of Silesia to connect his two realms into one contiguous territory (which would nearly surround Brandenburg); Frederick's concern to prevent this outcome contributed to his haste in moving against Austria when the contested succession provided an opportunity.
1890:
However, peace in the
Silesian theatre gave the Austrian forces a free hand to reverse the gains made by the French and Bavarians the previous year. The western invaders were driven back up the Danube Valley in early 1742, and Saxony withdrew its forces from Bohemia after the Treaty of Berlin, making
1667:
In mid-October, Charles Albert of
Bavaria and his French allies were encamped near Vienna, ready to besiege it, but he became concerned that Saxony and Prussia would seize parts of Bohemia, which he had also claimed. The French also deprecated a decisive move on Vienna, wishing to see Austria reduced
1837:
The First
Silesian War ended in a clear victory for Prussia, which secured some 35,000 square kilometres (14,000 sq mi) of new territory and around a million new subjects, greatly enhancing its resources and prestige. However, by twice making a separate peace while the War of the Austrian
1623:
on 14 September and advanced through Upper
Austria, reaching the vicinity of Vienna by October, while Bohemia was simultaneously invaded by the Saxons. Seeing Austria's distress, Frederick opened secret peace negotiations with Neipperg in Breslau, even as he continued to publicly support the League
1886:
The
Treaties of Breslau and Berlin cost the Habsburg monarchy its wealthiest province, and capitulating to a lesser German prince significantly dented the Habsburg Monarchy's prestige. The House of Habsburg was also defeated in the Imperial election, calling into question its pre-eminence within
1684:
As the Franco-Bavarian allies made territorial gains, Frederick became concerned that
Prussia might be sidelined in the eventual peace agreement, so he repudiated the Convention of Klein Schnellendorf, accusing the Austrians of violating its secrecy, and joined the general advance southward into
1857:
In the territorial settlement that ended the war, Prussia gained control of extensive new lands in Glatz and
Silesia, a populous and densely industrialised region that would contribute substantial manpower and taxes to the Prussian state. The small kingdom's unexpected victory over the Habsburg
1869:
that would come to dominate German politics over the next century. Saxony, envious of
Prussia's ascendancy and threatened by Prussian Silesia's geostrategic position, also turned its foreign policy firmly against Prussia. Frederick's unilateral withdrawal from the Nymphenburg alliance (and its
1644:
in return for a final peace to be negotiated before the end of the year. Neipperg's
Austrian forces were then recalled from Silesia to defend Austria against the western invaders, abandoning Neisse after a sham siege in early November and leaving the whole of Silesia under Prussian control.
1407:
were equipped and supplied by the state to conduct warfare on behalf of the sovereign's interests. Occupied enemy territories were regularly taxed and extorted for funds, but large-scale atrocities against civilian populations were rare compared with conflicts in the previous century.
1676:
December. Meanwhile, in early November Frederick negotiated the border between putative territories of Prussian Silesia and Saxon Moravia with Frederick Augustus of Saxony, also securing French and Bavarian support for his seizure of the entirety of Silesia, along with the Bohemian
1395:
positioned so as to command the surrounding regions and roads, with lengthy sieges a common feature of armed conflict. Decisive field battles were relatively rare, though they played a larger part in Frederick's theory of warfare than was typical among his contemporary rivals.
1731:(Maria Theresa's brother-in-law) led a reinforced Austro-Hungarian army of 30,000 through Moravia toward Bohemia, hoping to disperse the Prussians and liberate Prague. In early May, a Prussian army of 28,000 led by Frederick and Prince Leopold marched into the plains of the
1809:. Prussia also agreed to take on some of Austria's debts that had been secured against assets in Silesia, as well as committing to remain neutral for the remainder of the ongoing War of the Austrian Succession. This arrangement was formalised and confirmed in the
1891:
peace with Austria near the end of the year. The Franco-Bavarian forces occupying Prague were isolated and besieged, eventually giving up the city in December. By mid-1743, Austria would recover control of Bohemia, drive the French back across the Rhine into
1773:
with Austria, and negotiators from the two belligerents met again in Breslau in late May. Frederick now demanded almost the whole of Silesia, as well as the County of Glatz; Maria Theresa was reluctant to make such concessions, but the British envoy,
1537:. Neither army acquitted itself well at Mollwitz, and Frederick at one point fled (on Schwerin's advice) to avoid capture, but the Prussians held the field and subsequently portrayed the battle as a victory. Brieg surrendered to the Prussians on 4
1203:
As Prussia reactivated its Silesian claims and prepared for war against Austria, several other European powers made similar moves. Charles Albert of Bavaria launched a claim to the imperial throne along with the Habsburg territories of Bohemia,
1160:
of Saxony had each married one of Maria Theresa's older cousins from a senior branch of the House of Habsburg, and they used these connections to justify claims to Habsburg territory in the absence of a male heir. Frederick Augustus, who ruled
950:, the Emperor confiscated Johann Georg's duchy and refused to return it to his heirs after his death, but the Hohenzollerns of Brandenburg continued to assert themselves as the legitimate rulers of Jägerndorf. In 1675 the "Great Elector"
1600:, while a Spanish–Neapolitan army attacked Austria's holdings in northern Italy. Saxony, formerly an Austrian ally, now joined the French alliance, and Britain declared itself neutral to prevent French or Prussian attacks on Hanover.
997:
III had secretly agreed to this repossession in return for Leopold's payment of some of his debts, but as monarch he repudiated the agreement and reasserted the old Hohenzollern claims to Jägerndorf and the Silesian Piast heritage.
1456:
The Prussian army had massed quietly along the Oder during early December 1740, and on 16 December, without a declaration of war, Frederick moved his troops across the frontier into Silesia. The Prussian force consisted of two
766:, which recognised Prussia's seizure of most of Silesia and parts of Bohemia. Meanwhile, the wider War of the Austrian Succession continued, and conflict over Silesia would draw Austria and Prussia into a renewed
1627:
Although Prussia was allied with the French, the idea of France or Bavaria becoming the dominant power in Germany through Austria's destruction did not appeal to Frederick. With British urging and mediation, on
1485:
January, after which the Prussians used it for their winter quarters. By the end of January 1741, almost the entirety of Silesia had come under Prussian control, and the remaining Austrian strongholds of
1267:(a French ally at the time). Maria Theresa's aims in the conflict were, first, to preserve her hereditary lands and titles and, second, to win or compel support for the election of her husband, Duke
4440:
1125:
Frederick saw in Austria's female succession an opportune moment for the seizure of Silesia, calling it "the signal for the complete transformation of the old political system" in a 1740 letter to
1782:
meant to weaken France, and Hyndford threatened to withdraw Britain's support if Maria Theresa refused to concede Silesia. The two belligerents eventually reached an agreement in the 11 June
1412:
was the decisive factor in many wars, as armies had grown too large to support themselves on prolonged campaigns by foraging and plunder alone. Military supplies were stored in centralised
4708:
1841:
Prussia's seizure of Silesia also ensured continuing conflict with Austria and Saxony. Maria Theresa's determination to recover Silesia would lead to renewed conflict with Prussia in the
296:
1619:
and a cash payment if Prussia would evacuate Silesia, though she was immediately rebuffed. Meanwhile, fresh enemies attacked Austria on multiple fronts: the Franco-Bavarian force seized
3838:
1789:
Under this treaty, Austria conceded to Prussia the large majority of Silesia along with the Bohemian County of Glatz, territories which would later be consolidated to form the Prussian
1637:
1887:
Germany. The Austrian army had found itself outmatched by the more disciplined Prussians, and in late 1741 the Nymphenburg alliance had threatened the Habsburg monarchy with disaster.
1133:
rather than as a hereditary possession. Frederick also argued that his father had assented to the Sanction in return for assurances of Austrian support for Hohenzollern claims on the
1672:. The Bavarian, French and Saxon armies converged in November, besieging it and ultimately storming it on 26 November; Charles Albert went on to proclaim himself King of Bohemia on 7
1572:
After Austria's failure at Mollwitz to repel the Prussian invasion, other powers were emboldened to attack the beleaguered monarchy, widening the conflict into what would become the
1743:
ended in a narrow Prussian victory, with substantial casualties on both sides. Prince Charles's defeat at Chotusitz, followed shortly by the defeat of another Austrian army at the
985:
in return for military support against the Turks and the surrender of the outstanding Hohenzollern claims in Silesia. After the accession of the Great Elector's son and successor,
4435:
4211:
4864:
4744:
1217:
1031:
formed designs on Silesia soon after succeeding to the throne in May 1740. Frederick judged that his dynasty's claims were credible, and he had inherited from his father, King
993:, the Emperor took back control of Schwiebus in 1694, claiming the territory had only been personally assigned to the late Great Elector for life. As a young prince, Frederick
345:
4460:
340:
4445:
4356:
3898:
452:
355:
509:
1043:
and a healthy royal treasury. Austria was in financial distress, and its army had not been reinforced or reformed after an ignominious performance in the 1737–1739
482:
289:
4718:
4544:
566:
529:
420:
1870:
repetition at the end of the Second Silesian War) angered the French court, and his next perceived "betrayal" (a defensive alliance with Britain under the 1756
1735:
south-east of Prague, manoeuvring to block the Austrian advance. The two armies met when Charles's Austrians attacked Prince Leopold's camp near the village of
4713:
3487:
1778:, pressed her to make peace with Prussia and concentrate her forces against the French. The British treasury had financed much of Austria's war effort through
561:
477:
457:
571:
3924:
4482:
395:
380:
1541:
May, after which the main Prussian force encamped through the succeeding months near Neisse, facing off against Neipperg's Austrians but fighting little.
487:
282:
233:
3893:
4878:
4663:
914:
524:
350:
1704:
In early 1742 Frederick organised a joint advance through Moravia toward Vienna with the Saxons and French, which began after their forces met on 5
539:
519:
492:
4871:
1640:, under which both belligerents would cease hostilities in Silesia (though maintaining their appearance), and Austria would eventually concede
770:
only two years later. The First Silesian War marked the unexpected defeat of the Habsburg monarchy by a lesser German power and initiated the
4623:
1858:
monarchy set it apart from German rivals such as Bavaria and Saxony, marking the beginning of Prussia's rise toward the status of a European
1549:
1420:
that were highly vulnerable to enemy raids. Armies were generally unable to sustain combat operations during winter and normally established
902:
4584:
638:
4361:
1071:
also had claims against Austria and seemed likely to join in the attack. Though the Hohenzollerns' dynastic claims provided a legalistic
3660:
1607:
of her realm, Maria Theresa worked through the following months to regroup and prepare a counter-attack. On 25 June she received her
951:
874:
889:
were to pass to the Hohenzollerns of Brandenburg should the Piast dynasty in Silesia become extinct. At the time, the Habsburg King
806:. Besides its value as a source of tax revenue, industrial output (particularly minerals) and military recruits, Silesia held great
4602:
3690:
1525:
April, after which the main Prussian force manoeuvred to oppose its advance. The two armies engaged each other near the village of
4996:
822:, and whichever power held the territory could threaten its neighbours. Silesia also lay along the north-eastern frontier of the
226:
1588:, by which France and Spain committed to support Bavaria's territorial claims against Austria. French forces began crossing the
643:
4749:
3628:
3603:
3578:
3546:
3518:
3466:
3438:
3410:
3365:
3232:
3204:
3179:
3151:
3121:
1775:
1129:. He argued that the Pragmatic Sanction did not apply to Silesia, which was held by the Habsburgs as a part of the imperial
1747:
on 24 May, left Prague securely in the invaders' hands and Austria with no immediate means of driving them out of Bohemia.
1728:
1562:
1244:, which aimed at the diminution or destruction of the Habsburg monarchy and its dominant position among the German states.
197:
54:
762:
The war began with a Prussian invasion of Habsburg Silesia in late 1740, and it ended in a Prussian victory with the 1742
4290:
3448:
1793:. Austria retained the remainder of Bohemia and two small portions of the extreme southern end of Silesia, including the
1608:
1554:
1506:
1252:
731:
No particular triggering event started the war. Prussia cited its centuries-old dynastic claims on parts of Silesia as a
171:
4419:
4201:
1111:
898:
827:
219:
1685:
Bohemia and Moravia. In December Schwerin's army advanced through the Sudetes into Moravia, occupying the capital at
1044:
3329:
Book XIII – First Silesian War, Leaving the General European One Ablaze All Round, Gets Ended – May 1741 – July 1742
4455:
4348:
4238:
1530:
1286:
of Silesia. In return, he offered to guarantee all other Habsburg possessions against any attack, pay a large cash
955:
939:
176:
1615:
and began trying to recruit a new army from her eastern lands. In August she offered Frederick concessions in the
1264:
1149:
890:
1653:
4754:
3650:
3482:
1573:
1178:
1162:
1087:
1032:
713:
425:
306:
32:
3752:
3332:. History of Friedrich II of Prussia, Called Frederick the Great. Vol. III. London: Chapman & Hall.
3313:. History of Friedrich II of Prussia, Called Frederick the Great. Vol. III. London: Chapman & Hall.
1514:
1268:
1225:
970:
202:
4991:
4728:
4285:
3683:
918:
3888:
3785:
3244:
1866:
1779:
1107:
847:
771:
705:
4911:
4312:
3883:
3538:
3430:
1095:
803:
435:
3934:
2913:
901:) rejected the agreement and pressed the Hohenzollerns to repudiate it. In 1603, Hohenzollern Elector
4905:
4539:
4450:
3960:
3833:
1871:
3914:
3645:
3161:
1865:
The seizure of Silesia made Prussia and Austria into lasting and determined enemies, beginning the
1581:
1224:
hoped to seize Habsburg possessions in northern Italy, while France, which viewed the Habsburgs as
1048:
954:
laid claim to Liegnitz, Wohlau and Brieg when the Silesian Piast line ended with the death of Duke
947:
534:
3310:
Book XII – First Silesian War, Awakening a General European One, Begins – December 1740 – May 1741
1501:
After leaving winter quarters in early 1741, the Prussian forces began a spring campaign, and on 9
1118:. During Emperor Charles's lifetime the Pragmatic Sanction had been generally acknowledged by the
747:
factors also played a role in provoking the conflict. Maria Theresa's contested succession to the
4899:
4842:
4549:
3676:
1810:
1763:
1657:
1364:
1294:
to Maria Theresa's husband. Not waiting for a response, he and his troops advanced into Silesia.
1188:
1028:
867:
763:
653:
447:
365:
593:
4986:
4233:
3376:
3103:
1694:
1153:
1056:
986:
819:
623:
581:
472:
430:
385:
3853:
3823:
3327:
3308:
3285:
2833:
2801:
2772:
2728:
2708:
2667:
2599:
2437:
2420:
2379:
2338:
2309:
2022:
2002:
1985:
1944:
910:
598:
4525:
3224:
1875:
1585:
1513:
took Glogau by storm. In late March, an Austrian force of around 20,000 under the command of
1465:
of only 8,000 men. The Austrians were able to offer only light resistance and garrison a few
1274:
After Emperor Charles's death on 20 October, Frederick quickly resolved to strike first; on 8
1248:
1241:
1233:
1064:
787:
756:
751:
provided an opportunity for Prussia to strengthen itself relative to regional rivals such as
728:'s Austria in the mid-18th century, all three of which ended in Prussian control of Silesia.
615:
544:
405:
335:
330:
4294:
2422:
Chapter XI – The Bursting Forth of Bedlams: Belleisle and the Breakers of Pragmatic Sanction
1821:
1712:. The French, however, proved reluctant and uncooperative allies, and, after the seizure of
4327:
3950:
3919:
3805:
1849:
to follow after another decade; Saxony would take Austria's side in both future conflicts.
1604:
1360:
1303:
1278:
November he ordered the mobilisation of the Prussian army, and on 11 December he issued an
1237:
1229:
1103:
1068:
929:
752:
648:
603:
400:
862:
Prussia's claims in Silesia were based, in part, on a 1537 inheritance treaty between the
8:
4409:
4345:
4206:
3848:
3742:
3724:
3620:
3566:
3477:
1842:
1790:
1740:
1399:
The Silesian Wars, like most European wars of the 18th century, were fought as so-called
1309:
1290:, acknowledge the Pragmatic Sanction, and give his vote as elector of Brandenburg in the
1260:
767:
721:
633:
576:
462:
325:
259:
165:
4280:
3768:
1755:
1271:, as Holy Roman Emperor, defending her house's traditional pre-eminence within Germany.
4595:
4317:
4184:
3873:
3863:
3746:
3729:
3713:
3595:
3506:
Austria's Wars of Emergence: War, State and Society in the Habsburg Monarchy, 1683–1797
3420:
3290:. History of Friedrich II of Prussia, Called Frederick the Great. Vol. I. London:
3269:
3261:
3196:
3143:
1846:
1826:
1716:
on 15 February, they withdrew into Bohemia. The Prussians and Saxons marched on toward
1668:
rather than destroyed. So, on 24 October their forces turned north to march instead on
1558:
1534:
1450:
1409:
1192:
1021:
936:
815:
783:
681:
658:
514:
415:
360:
264:
160:
129:
50:
4100:
3649:
1138:
1086:
An opportunity arose for Prussia to press its claims when Habsburg Holy Roman Emperor
1006:
688:
that lasted from 1740 to 1742 and resulted in Prussia's seizing most of the region of
4813:
4808:
4322:
4216:
3868:
3779:
3774:
3762:
3757:
3624:
3599:
3591:
England, Prussia, and the Seven Years War: Studies in Alliance Policies and Diplomacy
3574:
3542:
3514:
3491:
3462:
3434:
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3333:
3314:
3295:
3291:
3273:
3228:
3200:
3175:
3147:
3136:
3117:
2730:
Chapter X – Friedrich Does His Moravian Expedition Which Proves a Mere Moravian Foray
2710:
Chapter X – Friedrich Does His Moravian Expedition Which Proves a Mere Moravian Foray
1830:
1783:
1678:
1291:
1221:
1196:
1115:
1102:, as the successor to his hereditary titles. Upon his death she duly became ruler of
1052:
966:
851:
823:
795:
748:
709:
685:
556:
390:
186:
144:
3828:
4963:
4847:
4759:
4564:
4464:
4255:
4228:
4194:
3955:
3394:
3253:
3131:
1806:
1798:
1794:
1759:
1701:, where Bavarian Elector Charles Albert was chosen as the next Holy Roman Emperor.
1437:
1372:
1328:
878:
802:, a populous and prosperous region contiguous with Prussia's core territory in the
791:
410:
4009:
4818:
4793:
4788:
4723:
4554:
4260:
4189:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3878:
3614:
3589:
3560:
3532:
3504:
3452:
3424:
3399:
3218:
3190:
3165:
3107:
2908:
1802:
1744:
1442:
1209:
1047:. The European strategic situation was favourable for an attack on Austria, with
925:
467:
370:
274:
4072:
4916:
4783:
4414:
4037:
4014:
3858:
3843:
3281:
1770:
1404:
1356:
1317:
1256:
1166:
1119:
886:
871:
863:
831:
497:
3337:
3318:
3299:
4980:
4803:
4572:
4223:
3734:
3655:
3570:
3495:
3386:
3357:
3214:
2004:
Chapter XVIII – Freidrich Wilhelm, the Great Kurfürst, Eleventh of the Series
1661:
1641:
1616:
1469:; the Prussians swept through the province, taking control of the capital at
1466:
1417:
1392:
1388:
1368:
1352:
1213:
1205:
1142:
1122:, but when he died it was promptly contested by Prussia, Bavaria and Saxony.
1099:
1040:
1010:
958:, but the Habsburg Emperor disregarded the Hohenzollern claims and the lands
725:
717:
375:
243:
191:
36:
4067:
1526:
4670:
4125:
4077:
3528:
1833:(red) in 1756, after Prussia's seizure of Silesia in the First Silesian War
1495:
1413:
1400:
1384:
1376:
4143:
3257:
1769:
In the aftermath of Chotusitz, Prussia intensified its efforts to reach a
4304:
4250:
4245:
3929:
1859:
1446:
1079:
1073:
807:
744:
739:
733:
44:
4942:
4052:
1424:
in the cold season, resuming their campaigns with the return of spring.
842:
4629:
4616:
4082:
3556:
3458:
3265:
1576:. France declared its support for Prussia's seizure of Silesia in the 5
1421:
1336:
1325:
977:
gave Great Elector Frederick William immediate control of the Silesian
4649:
4375:
3486:. Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (in German). Vol. XIV. Leipzig:
1690:
4923:
4684:
4609:
4120:
3171:
1736:
1698:
1689:
on 27 December, while Prince Leopold's army besieged the fortress at
1633:
1612:
1566:
1461:
totalling 27,000 soldiers, while Silesia was defended by an Austrian
1380:
1287:
1279:
982:
4709:
Evangelical Church in Berlin, Brandenburg and Silesian Upper Lusatia
4677:
2601:
Chapter V – Klein-Schnellendorf: Friedrich Gets Neisse, in a Fashion
1686:
4641:
4115:
4110:
4062:
2669:
Chapter VIII – Friedrich Starts for Moravia, on a New Scheme He Has
1462:
1321:
1247:
Austria was supported by Great Britain (in personal union with the
1126:
933:
4937:
1874:) accelerated France's eventual realignment toward Austria in the
1717:
4531:
4105:
4092:
4047:
3967:
3699:
3668:
3510:
3113:
1709:
1518:
1470:
1391:. Strategic warfare in this period centred around control of key
1348:
1332:
1320:. 18th-century European armies were built around units of massed
1313:
1283:
1183:
1134:
1130:
978:
959:
932:, Johann Georg joined the Silesian estates in revolt against the
855:
799:
701:
697:
689:
85:
81:
77:
4042:
1895:, and occupy Bavaria, exiling Emperor Charles VII to Frankfurt.
1805:; these lands would later be combined to form the crown land of
211:
4656:
4635:
3242:
Browning, Reed (April 2005). "New Views on the Silesian Wars".
3008:
1892:
1669:
1597:
1593:
1487:
1344:
1212:, while Frederick Augustus of Saxony laid claim to Moravia and
1060:
882:
693:
4691:
4019:
2742:
2740:
1724:
April the Prussians retreated into Bohemia and Upper Silesia.
1083:
and geostrategy played the leading role in provoking the war.
4578:
4057:
2891:
2889:
2340:
Chapter V – Friedrich Pushes Forward Towards Brieg and Neisse
1713:
1589:
1491:
1478:
1458:
1340:
1263:
also indirectly took Austria's side in the wider conflict by
2876:
2874:
4029:
4001:
2737:
2175:
2173:
2171:
2169:
2167:
2165:
2128:
2126:
2124:
1732:
1620:
1027:
Two generations later, the newly crowned Hohenzollern King
814:
formed a natural military conduit between Brandenburg, the
811:
106:
Habsburg Monarchy cedes the majority of Silesia to Prussia.
2886:
774:
that would shape German politics for more than a century.
3352:
Iron Kingdom: The Rise and Downfall of Prussia, 1600–1947
3056:
3044:
3020:
2957:
2871:
2859:
2676:
2608:
2581:
2579:
2577:
2575:
2289:
2231:
2229:
2073:
1914:
1912:
1910:
1908:
1521:
mountains from Moravia and broke the siege of Neisse on 5
3080:
2984:
2849:
2847:
2845:
2463:
2461:
2446:
2265:
2162:
2121:
2097:
826:, allowing its controller to limit the influence of the
810:
importance to the belligerents. The valley of the Upper
4719:
Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Poland
3287:
Book III – The Hohenzollerns in Brandenburg – 1412–1718
2974:
2972:
2921:
2781:
2562:
2560:
2521:
2509:
2400:
2388:
2204:
2202:
2200:
2063:
2061:
2048:
2046:
4714:
Silesian Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession
3378:
The Standard History of the World, by Great Historians
2644:
2632:
2572:
2545:
2533:
2497:
2241:
2226:
2214:
2085:
1924:
1905:
1648:
696:) from Austria. The war was fought mainly in Silesia,
3068:
3032:
2933:
2842:
2810:
2688:
2620:
2485:
2473:
2458:
2347:
2031:
2996:
2969:
2945:
2661:
2659:
2557:
2359:
2318:
2253:
2197:
2185:
2150:
2138:
2109:
2058:
2043:
1965:
1953:
3426:
Supplying War: Logistics from Wallenstein to Patton
2827:
2825:
2752:
2277:
1094:died in October 1740 without a male heir. With the
135:
3398:
3349:
3135:
304:
2722:
2720:
2656:
2016:
2014:
1750:
1592:on 15 August, joining the Bavarian forces on the
1533:successfully stopped the Austrian advance in the
4978:
2822:
1312:was characterised by the widespread adoption of
1632:October Austria and Prussia agreed to a secret
1529:on 10 April, where the Prussians under Marshal
1432:
1098:, Charles had established his eldest daughter,
1063:moving toward war with Russia; the Electors of
837:
2717:
2011:
1240:joined these to form an alliance known as the
49:Prussian and Austrian cavalry fighting at the
3684:
3381:. Vol. V. New York: University Society.
3109:The War of the Austrian Succession: 1740–1748
2806:. Vol. Book XIII. pp. 574–575, 578.
290:
227:
3664:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
3616:International Relations in Europe, 1689–1789
3502:
2746:
1693:on the edge of Bohemia. In January 1742 the
18:18th-century war between Prussia and Austria
3138:Frederick the Great: The Magnificent Enigma
1544:
1297:
3691:
3677:
3192:European International Relations 1648–1815
2901:
297:
283:
234:
220:
43:
3587:
3393:
2990:
2527:
2515:
1449:in 1741, depicted in an 1882 painting by
1055:occupying each other's attentions in the
965:In 1685, when Austria was engaged in the
946:. After the Catholic victory in the 1621
120:
3559:(2009). "Frederick and the Art of War".
3478:"Johann Georg, Markgraf von Brandenburg"
3374:
3325:
3306:
3241:
3213:
3102:
3086:
2927:
2838:. Vol. Book XIII. pp. 581–586.
2831:
2799:
2787:
2777:. Vol. Book XIII. pp. 560–563.
2770:
2733:. Vol. Book XIII. pp. 547–549.
2726:
2713:. Vol. Book XIII. pp. 538–544.
2706:
2672:. Vol. Book XIII. pp. 513–519.
2665:
2650:
2604:. Vol. Book XIII. pp. 483–487.
2597:
2551:
2539:
2503:
2442:. Vol. Book XIII. pp. 411–412.
2435:
2418:
2377:
2336:
2311:Chapter IV – Breslau Under Soft Pressure
2307:
2220:
2132:
2091:
2079:
2037:
1930:
1820:
1797:and parts of the Duchies of Jägerndorf,
1754:
1652:
1548:
1436:
1182:
1005:
841:
3651:"Austrian Succession, War of the"
3612:
3527:
3419:
3280:
2895:
2638:
2585:
2467:
2425:. Vol. Book XII. pp. 361–363.
2384:. Vol. Book XII. pp. 300–301.
2343:. Vol. Book XII. pp. 218–219.
2314:. Vol. Book XII. pp. 210–213.
2271:
2027:. Vol. Book III. pp. 364–367.
2020:
2007:. Vol. Book III. pp. 357–358.
2000:
1990:. Vol. Book III. pp. 339–342.
1983:
1949:. Vol. Book III. pp. 282–286.
1942:
915:George Frederick of Brandenburg-Ansbach
4979:
3644:
3555:
3534:A History of Modern Germany: 1648–1840
3475:
3447:
3130:
3074:
3062:
3050:
3038:
3026:
3014:
2963:
2939:
2880:
2865:
2853:
2816:
2774:Chapter XII – Prince Karl Does Come on
2758:
2694:
2682:
2626:
2614:
2566:
2491:
2479:
2406:
2394:
2365:
2353:
2324:
2283:
2144:
2115:
2052:
1971:
1959:
1918:
1786:, which ended the First Silesian War.
1481:was also taken without resistance on 9
1001:
4503:
4391:
4159:
3803:
3711:
3672:
3562:Frederick the Great on the Art of War
3344:
3188:
3160:
3002:
2978:
2951:
2452:
2295:
2259:
2247:
2235:
2208:
2191:
2179:
2156:
2103:
2067:
1316:in combination with more traditional
777:
278:
215:
3454:Frederick the Great: King of Prussia
2024:Chapter XIX – King Friedrich I Again
55:August Heinrich Ferdinand Tegetmeyer
4291:Niederschlesischer Oberlausitzkreis
3480:. In von Liliencron, Rochus (ed.).
1727:As the Moravian advance collapsed,
1649:Bohemia–Moravia campaign of 1741–42
1603:Faced with the prospect of a total
1259:; the Russian Empire under Empress
1172:
203:Count Wilhelm Reinhard von Neipperg
13:
4441:Legnicko-Głogowski Okręg Miedziowy
4420:Katowice-Ostrava metropolitan area
3698:
3220:The War of the Austrian Succession
2803:Chapter XIII – Battle of Chotusitz
1987:Chapter XVII – Duchy of Jägerndorf
1441:Frederick the Great receiving the
1145:, which had not yet materialised.
909:separately inherited the Silesian
877:, whereby the Silesian Duchies of
172:Prince Leopold II of Anhalt-Dessau
14:
5008:
4750:Moravian–Silesian Football League
3638:
1638:Convention of Klein Schnellendorf
241:
4959:
4958:
4941:
4936:
4374:
4142:
1825:The Central European borders of
952:Frederick William of Brandenburg
917:, and installed his second son,
875:Joachim II Hector of Brandenburg
790:held dynastic claims to various
185:
159:
137:
122:
3569:. Luvaas, Jay (ed.). New York:
3375:Clifford, John Herbert (1914).
2793:
2764:
2700:
2591:
2429:
2412:
2371:
2330:
2301:
1946:Chapter X – Kurfürst Joachim II
1584:, and in July it joined in the
1387:and played the leading role in
1282:to Maria Theresa demanding the
68:16 December 1740 – 11 June 1742
4997:War of the Austrian Succession
4202:Silesian Voivodeship (1920–39)
3503:Hochedlinger, Michael (2003).
3483:Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie
2835:Chapter XIV – Peace of Breslau
2381:Chapter X – Battle of Mollwitz
1994:
1977:
1936:
1751:Treaties of Breslau and Berlin
1574:War of the Austrian Succession
1477:January 1741. The fortress at
1187:Europe in the years after the
1179:War of the Austrian Succession
1152:of Bavaria and Prince-Elector
854:rule until 1742, when most of
828:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
714:War of the Austrian Succession
308:War of the Austrian Succession
33:War of the Austrian Succession
1:
4865:Schlesien Unvergessene Heimat
3804:
3753:1921 Upper Silesia plebiscite
3567:Friedrich II, King of Prussia
2439:Chapter II – Camp of Strehlen
1898:
1845:only two years later, with a
1729:Charles Alexander of Lorraine
1515:Wilhelm Reinhard von Neipperg
1014:
4729:Pentecostal Church in Poland
4160:
3839:ObniĹĽenie Milicko-GĹ‚ogowskie
3356:. Cambridge, Massachusetts:
1660:as crown prince in 1739, by
1433:Silesian campaign of 1740–41
907:III Frederick of Brandenburg
838:Brandenburg–Prussia's claims
716:. It was the first of three
7:
4504:
4392:
3889:Silesian-Moravian Foothills
3712:
3588:Schweizer, Karl W. (1989).
3245:Journal of Military History
3167:European Warfare, 1660–1815
1816:
1269:Francis Stephen of Lorraine
1039:, a large and well-trained
848:Lands of the Bohemian Crown
782:In the early 18th century,
706:lands of the Bohemian Crown
10:
5013:
4912:Silesian Autonomy Movement
4555:Silesian Museum (Katowice)
3884:Silesian-Lusatian Lowlands
3539:Princeton University Press
3431:Cambridge University Press
3405:. New York: Viking Press.
3096:
1881:
1852:
1355:were used principally for
1301:
1176:
1148:Meanwhile, Prince-Elector
1096:Pragmatic Sanction of 1713
956:George William of Liegnitz
913:from his cousin, Margrave
804:Margraviate of Brandenburg
198:Prince Charles of Lorraine
4954:
4934:
4906:Landsmannschaft Schlesien
4892:
4856:
4838:
4831:
4779:
4772:
4737:
4701:
4563:
4521:
4514:
4510:
4499:
4475:
4451:Upper Silesian Coal Basin
4446:Lower Silesian Coal Basin
4436:Bielski Okręg Przemysłowy
4428:
4402:
4398:
4387:
4372:
4344:
4303:
4276:
4269:
4177:
4170:
4166:
4155:
4140:
4091:
4028:
4000:
3993:
3961:Moravian-Silesian Beskids
3943:
3907:
3834:Lower Silesian Wilderness
3816:
3812:
3799:
3720:
3707:
3537:. Princeton, New Jersey:
3326:Carlyle, Thomas (1862b).
3307:Carlyle, Thomas (1862a).
3017:, pp. 122, 135, 151.
1872:Convention of Westminster
1739:on 17 May; the resulting
1427:
1265:making war against Sweden
678:Erster Schlesischer Krieg
316:
251:
192:Archduchess Maria Theresa
151:
114:
60:
42:
30:
25:
4357:Lower Silesian and Opole
4286:Moravian–Silesian Region
3476:Hirsch, Theodor (1881).
1545:Negotiations of Mid-1741
1308:European warfare in the
1298:Methods and technologies
1228:, sought control of the
948:Battle of White Mountain
4550:Silesian Museum (Opava)
3935:Slezská Harta Reservoir
3661:Encyclopædia Britannica
3613:Shennan, J. H. (2005).
3104:Anderson, Matthew Smith
2914:Encyclopædia Britannica
1867:Austria–Prussia rivalry
1813:, signed 28 July 1742.
1764:Treaty of Berlin (1742)
1658:Frederick II of Prussia
1611:as Queen of Hungary in
1365:tactical communications
1189:Treaty of Vienna (1738)
1029:Frederick II of Prussia
962:to the Bohemian crown.
868:Frederick II of Legnica
772:Austria–Prussia rivalry
654:Jacobite rising of 1745
177:Count Kurt von Schwerin
4755:National football team
3915:Jezioro Goczałkowickie
3899:Zielona GĂłra Acclivity
3646:Hannay, David McDowall
3594:. Lewiston, New York:
3189:Black, Jeremy (2002).
1834:
1766:
1664:
1569:
1453:
1200:
1024:
897:of Bohemia (Silesia's
859:
820:Margraviate of Moravia
692:(now in south-western
677:
320:Flanders and the Rhine
152:Commanders and leaders
4724:Roman Catholic Church
4545:Upper Silesian Museum
3488:Duncker & Humblot
3258:10.1353/jmh.2005.0077
1876:Diplomatic Revolution
1829:(blue-green) and the
1824:
1758:
1656:
1596:and advancing toward
1586:Treaty of Nymphenburg
1563:St Martin's Cathedral
1552:
1440:
1403:in which disciplined
1302:Further information:
1249:Electorate of Hanover
1242:League of Nymphenburg
1232:. The Electorates of
1186:
1177:Further information:
1009:
870:and the Hohenzollern
845:
788:House of Hohenzollern
4745:Football Association
3920:Jezioro Otmuchowskie
3621:Taylor & Francis
3490:. pp. 175–176.
2298:, pp. 183, 192.
1553:Maria Theresa being
1473:without a fight on 2
1304:Early modern warfare
1230:Austrian Netherlands
1106:, as well as of the
1077:, considerations of
858:was ceded to Prussia
680:) was a war between
4992:Frederick the Great
4410:Katowice urban area
4318:Lubusz Voivodeships
3854:PrzedgĂłrze Sudeckie
3824:Jelenia GĂłra valley
3421:Creveld, Martin van
3065:, pp. 107–109.
3053:, pp. 126–127.
3029:, pp. 297–301.
2966:, pp. 130–131.
2898:, pp. 214–215.
2883:, pp. 134–135.
2868:, pp. 135–136.
2747:Hochedlinger (2003)
2685:, pp. 105–106.
2617:, pp. 223–224.
2455:, pp. 193–194.
2182:, pp. 102–103.
2106:, pp. 192–193.
1843:Second Silesian War
1791:Province of Silesia
1741:Battle of Chotusitz
1511:II of Anhalt-Dessau
1416:and distributed by
1339:were equipped with
1310:early modern period
1251:) and, eventually,
1057:War of Jenkins' Ear
1002:Austrian succession
911:Duchy of Jägerndorf
768:Second Silesian War
722:Frederick the Great
634:Second Silesian War
624:War of Jenkins' Ear
442:Bohemia and Moravia
4857:Unofficial anthems
3874:Silesian Przesieka
3864:Silesian Foothills
3596:Edwin Mellen Press
3346:Clark, Christopher
3292:Chapman & Hall
3225:St. Martin's Press
3197:Palgrave Macmillan
3144:Ticknor and Fields
1847:Third Silesian War
1835:
1767:
1665:
1570:
1535:Battle of Mollwitz
1454:
1451:Wilhelm Camphausen
1410:Military logistics
1226:traditional rivals
1216:. The Kingdoms of
1201:
1195:in violet and the
1154:Frederick Augustus
1045:Austro-Turkish War
1025:
1022:Martin van Meytens
991:III of Brandenburg
937:Holy Roman Emperor
860:
816:Kingdom of Bohemia
778:Context and causes
674:First Silesian War
659:First Carnatic War
629:First Silesian War
51:Battle of Mollwitz
26:First Silesian War
4972:
4971:
4950:
4949:
4932:
4931:
4888:
4887:
4827:
4826:
4768:
4767:
4495:
4494:
4491:
4490:
4465:Rybnik Coal Areas
4456:Industrial Region
4383:
4382:
4370:
4369:
4340:
4339:
4336:
4335:
4151:
4150:
4138:
4137:
4134:
4133:
3869:Silesian Lowlands
3795:
3794:
3780:Battle of Leuthen
3775:Battle of Legnica
3763:Treaty of Teschen
3758:Treaty of Dresden
3630:978-0-415-07780-4
3605:978-0-88946-465-0
3580:978-0-7867-4977-5
3548:978-0-691-00796-0
3520:978-0-582-29084-6
3468:978-0-7139-9377-6
3440:978-0-521-21730-9
3412:978-0-670-45631-4
3395:Crankshaw, Edward
3367:978-0-674-02385-7
3234:978-0-312-09483-6
3206:978-0-333-96450-7
3181:978-1-85728-172-9
3153:978-0-89919-352-6
3132:Asprey, Robert B.
3123:978-0-582-05950-4
2832:Carlyle (1862b).
2800:Carlyle (1862b).
2771:Carlyle (1862b).
2727:Carlyle (1862b).
2707:Carlyle (1862b).
2666:Carlyle (1862b).
2598:Carlyle (1862b).
2436:Carlyle (1862b).
2419:Carlyle (1862a).
2409:, pp. 89–93.
2397:, pp. 87–88.
2378:Carlyle (1862a).
2337:Carlyle (1862a).
2308:Carlyle (1862a).
2274:, pp. 26–28.
2250:, pp. 67–80.
2238:, pp. 38–52.
2082:, pp. 61–62.
1921:, pp. 70–71.
1831:Habsburg monarchy
1784:Treaty of Breslau
1695:Imperial election
1609:formal coronation
1582:Treaty of Breslau
1531:Kurt von Schwerin
1375:and deployed for
1373:tactical reserves
1329:flintlock muskets
1292:imperial election
1197:Habsburg monarchy
1116:Habsburg monarchy
1114:lands within the
1033:Frederick William
967:Great Turkish War
930:Thirty Years' War
824:Holy Roman Empire
749:Habsburg monarchy
708:) and formed one
667:
666:
649:King George's War
639:Italian campaigns
272:
271:
210:
209:
166:King Frederick II
145:Habsburg monarchy
110:
109:
5004:
4962:
4961:
4945:
4940:
4917:Marsz AutĹŤnĹŤmije
4836:
4835:
4797:
4796:(Lower Silesian)
4794:Silesian German
4777:
4776:
4760:Silesian Stadium
4590:
4540:Regional costume
4519:
4518:
4512:
4511:
4501:
4500:
4400:
4399:
4389:
4388:
4378:
4281:JesenĂk District
4274:
4273:
4256:Austrian Silesia
4229:Silesia Province
4175:
4174:
4168:
4167:
4157:
4156:
4146:
3998:
3997:
3956:Silesian Beskids
3925:Jezioro SĹ‚awskie
3814:
3813:
3801:
3800:
3769:Book of HenrykĂłw
3709:
3708:
3693:
3686:
3679:
3670:
3669:
3665:
3653:
3634:
3609:
3584:
3552:
3524:
3499:
3472:
3444:
3416:
3404:
3390:
3371:
3355:
3341:
3322:
3303:
3277:
3238:
3210:
3185:
3157:
3141:
3127:
3090:
3084:
3078:
3072:
3066:
3060:
3054:
3048:
3042:
3036:
3030:
3024:
3018:
3012:
3006:
3000:
2994:
2991:Schweizer (1989)
2988:
2982:
2976:
2967:
2961:
2955:
2949:
2943:
2937:
2931:
2925:
2919:
2918:
2905:
2899:
2893:
2884:
2878:
2869:
2863:
2857:
2851:
2840:
2839:
2829:
2820:
2814:
2808:
2807:
2797:
2791:
2785:
2779:
2778:
2768:
2762:
2756:
2750:
2744:
2735:
2734:
2724:
2715:
2714:
2704:
2698:
2692:
2686:
2680:
2674:
2673:
2663:
2654:
2648:
2642:
2636:
2630:
2624:
2618:
2612:
2606:
2605:
2595:
2589:
2583:
2570:
2564:
2555:
2549:
2543:
2537:
2531:
2528:Crankshaw (1970)
2525:
2519:
2516:Crankshaw (1970)
2513:
2507:
2501:
2495:
2489:
2483:
2477:
2471:
2465:
2456:
2450:
2444:
2443:
2433:
2427:
2426:
2416:
2410:
2404:
2398:
2392:
2386:
2385:
2375:
2369:
2363:
2357:
2351:
2345:
2344:
2334:
2328:
2322:
2316:
2315:
2305:
2299:
2293:
2287:
2281:
2275:
2269:
2263:
2257:
2251:
2245:
2239:
2233:
2224:
2218:
2212:
2206:
2195:
2189:
2183:
2177:
2160:
2154:
2148:
2142:
2136:
2130:
2119:
2113:
2107:
2101:
2095:
2089:
2083:
2077:
2071:
2065:
2056:
2050:
2041:
2035:
2029:
2028:
2021:Carlyle (1858).
2018:
2009:
2008:
2001:Carlyle (1858).
1998:
1992:
1991:
1984:Carlyle (1858).
1981:
1975:
1969:
1963:
1957:
1951:
1950:
1943:Carlyle (1858).
1940:
1934:
1928:
1922:
1916:
1811:Treaty of Berlin
1807:Austrian Silesia
1795:Duchy of Teschen
1760:Austrian Silesia
1723:
1707:
1675:
1631:
1624:of Nymphenburg.
1579:
1540:
1524:
1510:
1504:
1484:
1476:
1445:of the Silesian
1277:
1173:Moves toward war
1163:Poland-Lithuania
1157:
1091:
1036:
1019:
1016:
996:
990:
974:
943:
928:and the ensuing
906:
894:
834:within Germany.
764:Treaty of Berlin
311:
309:
299:
292:
285:
276:
275:
246:
236:
229:
222:
213:
212:
190:
189:
164:
163:
147:
143:
141:
140:
132:
128:
126:
125:
96:Prussian victory
62:
61:
47:
23:
22:
5012:
5011:
5007:
5006:
5005:
5003:
5002:
5001:
4977:
4976:
4973:
4968:
4946:
4928:
4884:
4852:
4823:
4795:
4764:
4733:
4697:
4586:
4559:
4506:
4487:
4471:
4461:Ostrava-Karviná
4424:
4394:
4379:
4366:
4332:
4299:
4265:
4261:Eastern Silesia
4162:
4147:
4130:
4087:
4024:
3989:
3939:
3903:
3879:Silesian Upland
3808:
3791:
3716:
3703:
3697:
3641:
3631:
3606:
3581:
3549:
3521:
3469:
3441:
3413:
3368:
3282:Carlyle, Thomas
3235:
3207:
3182:
3154:
3124:
3099:
3094:
3093:
3089:, p. 3103.
3087:Clifford (1914)
3085:
3081:
3073:
3069:
3061:
3057:
3049:
3045:
3037:
3033:
3025:
3021:
3013:
3009:
3001:
2997:
2989:
2985:
2977:
2970:
2962:
2958:
2950:
2946:
2938:
2934:
2928:Browning (1993)
2926:
2922:
2909:"Silesian Wars"
2907:
2906:
2902:
2894:
2887:
2879:
2872:
2864:
2860:
2852:
2843:
2830:
2823:
2815:
2811:
2798:
2794:
2788:Browning (1993)
2786:
2782:
2769:
2765:
2757:
2753:
2745:
2738:
2725:
2718:
2705:
2701:
2693:
2689:
2681:
2677:
2664:
2657:
2651:Anderson (1995)
2649:
2645:
2637:
2633:
2625:
2621:
2613:
2609:
2596:
2592:
2584:
2573:
2565:
2558:
2552:Anderson (1995)
2550:
2546:
2540:Browning (1993)
2538:
2534:
2526:
2522:
2514:
2510:
2504:Browning (1993)
2502:
2498:
2490:
2486:
2478:
2474:
2466:
2459:
2451:
2447:
2434:
2430:
2417:
2413:
2405:
2401:
2393:
2389:
2376:
2372:
2364:
2360:
2352:
2348:
2335:
2331:
2323:
2319:
2306:
2302:
2294:
2290:
2282:
2278:
2270:
2266:
2258:
2254:
2246:
2242:
2234:
2227:
2221:Anderson (1995)
2219:
2215:
2207:
2198:
2190:
2186:
2178:
2163:
2155:
2151:
2143:
2139:
2135:, p. 3100.
2133:Clifford (1914)
2131:
2122:
2114:
2110:
2102:
2098:
2092:Anderson (1995)
2090:
2086:
2080:Anderson (1995)
2078:
2074:
2066:
2059:
2051:
2044:
2038:Anderson (1995)
2036:
2032:
2019:
2012:
1999:
1995:
1982:
1978:
1970:
1966:
1958:
1954:
1941:
1937:
1931:Browning (2005)
1929:
1925:
1917:
1906:
1901:
1884:
1855:
1819:
1753:
1745:Battle of Sahay
1721:
1705:
1679:County of Glatz
1673:
1651:
1629:
1577:
1547:
1538:
1522:
1508:
1502:
1498:were besieged.
1482:
1474:
1435:
1430:
1422:winter quarters
1306:
1300:
1275:
1181:
1175:
1155:
1120:imperial states
1089:
1034:
1017:
1004:
994:
988:
972:
941:
926:Bohemian Revolt
904:
899:feudal overlord
892:
840:
780:
724:'s Prussia and
720:fought between
670:
669:
668:
663:
620:
312:
307:
305:
303:
273:
268:
247:
242:
240:
184:
158:
138:
136:
123:
121:
102:
88:
48:
19:
12:
11:
5:
5010:
5000:
4999:
4994:
4989:
4970:
4969:
4967:
4966:
4955:
4952:
4951:
4948:
4947:
4935:
4933:
4930:
4929:
4927:
4926:
4921:
4920:
4919:
4909:
4902:
4896:
4894:
4890:
4889:
4886:
4885:
4883:
4882:
4875:
4868:
4860:
4858:
4854:
4853:
4851:
4850:
4845:
4839:
4833:
4829:
4828:
4825:
4824:
4822:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4806:
4801:
4800:
4799:
4786:
4780:
4774:
4770:
4769:
4766:
4765:
4763:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4741:
4739:
4735:
4734:
4732:
4731:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4711:
4705:
4703:
4699:
4698:
4696:
4695:
4688:
4681:
4674:
4667:
4660:
4653:
4646:
4639:
4632:
4627:
4620:
4613:
4606:
4599:
4592:
4582:
4575:
4569:
4567:
4561:
4560:
4558:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4542:
4537:
4536:
4535:
4522:
4516:
4508:
4507:
4497:
4496:
4493:
4492:
4489:
4488:
4486:
4485:
4479:
4477:
4473:
4472:
4470:
4469:
4468:
4467:
4458:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4432:
4430:
4426:
4425:
4423:
4422:
4417:
4415:Metropolis GZM
4412:
4406:
4404:
4403:Socioeconomics
4396:
4395:
4385:
4384:
4381:
4380:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4367:
4365:
4364:
4359:
4353:
4351:
4349:constituencies
4342:
4341:
4338:
4337:
4334:
4333:
4331:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4313:Lower Silesian
4309:
4307:
4301:
4300:
4298:
4297:
4288:
4283:
4277:
4271:
4267:
4266:
4264:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4242:
4241:
4236:
4226:
4221:
4220:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4199:
4198:
4197:
4192:
4181:
4179:
4172:
4164:
4163:
4153:
4152:
4149:
4148:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4135:
4132:
4131:
4129:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4097:
4095:
4089:
4088:
4086:
4085:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4034:
4032:
4026:
4025:
4023:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4006:
4004:
3995:
3991:
3990:
3988:
3987:
3986:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3965:
3964:
3963:
3958:
3947:
3945:
3941:
3940:
3938:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3911:
3909:
3905:
3904:
3902:
3901:
3896:
3894:Wał Trzebnicki
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3859:Silesian Walls
3856:
3851:
3849:Oświęcim Basin
3846:
3844:Ostrava Valley
3841:
3836:
3831:
3829:KĹ‚odzko Valley
3826:
3820:
3818:
3810:
3809:
3797:
3796:
3793:
3792:
3790:
3789:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3732:
3727:
3721:
3718:
3717:
3705:
3704:
3696:
3695:
3688:
3681:
3673:
3667:
3666:
3656:Chisholm, Hugh
3640:
3639:External links
3637:
3636:
3635:
3629:
3610:
3604:
3585:
3579:
3553:
3547:
3525:
3519:
3500:
3473:
3467:
3445:
3439:
3417:
3411:
3391:
3372:
3366:
3342:
3323:
3304:
3278:
3252:(2): 521–534.
3239:
3233:
3215:Browning, Reed
3211:
3205:
3186:
3180:
3158:
3152:
3128:
3122:
3098:
3095:
3092:
3091:
3079:
3077:, p. 139.
3067:
3055:
3043:
3041:, p. 133.
3031:
3019:
3007:
3005:, p. 216.
2995:
2993:, p. 250.
2983:
2981:, p. 196.
2968:
2956:
2954:, p. 192.
2944:
2942:, p. 310.
2932:
2930:, p. 181.
2920:
2900:
2896:Holborn (1982)
2885:
2870:
2858:
2856:, p. 121.
2841:
2821:
2819:, p. 120.
2809:
2792:
2790:, p. 103.
2780:
2763:
2751:
2749:, p. 252.
2736:
2716:
2699:
2697:, p. 106.
2687:
2675:
2655:
2643:
2641:, p. 211.
2639:Holborn (1982)
2631:
2629:, p. 103.
2619:
2607:
2590:
2588:, p. 213.
2586:Holborn (1982)
2571:
2556:
2544:
2532:
2520:
2508:
2496:
2494:, p. 223.
2484:
2482:, p. 181.
2472:
2468:Shennan (2005)
2457:
2445:
2428:
2411:
2399:
2387:
2370:
2358:
2356:, p. 177.
2346:
2329:
2317:
2300:
2288:
2276:
2272:Creveld (1977)
2264:
2262:, p. 209.
2252:
2240:
2225:
2213:
2211:, p. 183.
2196:
2194:, p. 194.
2184:
2161:
2159:, p. 191.
2149:
2137:
2120:
2108:
2096:
2084:
2072:
2070:, p. 190.
2057:
2042:
2030:
2010:
1993:
1976:
1974:, p. 176.
1964:
1962:, p. 175.
1952:
1935:
1933:, p. 527.
1923:
1903:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1883:
1880:
1878:of the 1750s.
1854:
1851:
1818:
1815:
1780:cash subsidies
1771:separate peace
1752:
1749:
1650:
1647:
1546:
1543:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1418:baggage trains
1405:regular armies
1393:fortifications
1357:reconnaissance
1318:bladed weapons
1299:
1296:
1257:Dutch Republic
1253:Savoy–Sardinia
1174:
1171:
1167:personal union
1150:Charles Albert
1003:
1000:
872:Prince-Elector
864:Silesian Piast
839:
836:
832:Russian Empire
779:
776:
665:
664:
662:
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
631:
626:
619:
618:
612:
611:
607:
606:
601:
596:
590:
589:
585:
584:
579:
574:
569:
564:
559:
553:
552:
548:
547:
542:
537:
535:Hohenfriedberg
532:
527:
522:
517:
512:
506:
505:
501:
500:
495:
490:
485:
480:
475:
470:
465:
460:
455:
450:
444:
443:
439:
438:
433:
431:Rhine Campaign
428:
426:Bergen op Zoom
423:
418:
413:
408:
403:
398:
393:
388:
383:
378:
373:
368:
363:
358:
353:
348:
343:
338:
333:
328:
322:
321:
317:
314:
313:
302:
301:
294:
287:
279:
270:
269:
267:
262:
257:
252:
249:
248:
239:
238:
231:
224:
216:
208:
207:
206:
205:
200:
181:
180:
179:
174:
154:
153:
149:
148:
133:
117:
116:
112:
111:
108:
107:
104:
98:
97:
94:
90:
89:
76:
74:
70:
69:
66:
58:
57:
40:
39:
28:
27:
21:
20:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5009:
4998:
4995:
4993:
4990:
4988:
4987:Silesian Wars
4985:
4984:
4982:
4975:
4965:
4957:
4956:
4953:
4944:
4939:
4925:
4922:
4918:
4915:
4914:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4907:
4903:
4901:
4898:
4897:
4895:
4891:
4881:
4880:
4879:Slezská hymna
4876:
4874:
4873:
4872:Schlesierlied
4869:
4867:
4866:
4862:
4861:
4859:
4855:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4843:Coats of arms
4841:
4840:
4837:
4834:
4830:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4804:Lach dialects
4802:
4798:
4792:
4791:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4781:
4778:
4775:
4771:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4742:
4740:
4736:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4706:
4704:
4700:
4694:
4693:
4689:
4687:
4686:
4682:
4680:
4679:
4675:
4673:
4672:
4668:
4666:
4665:
4664:ModrĹŹ kapusta
4661:
4659:
4658:
4654:
4652:
4651:
4647:
4645:
4644:
4640:
4638:
4637:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4625:
4621:
4619:
4618:
4614:
4612:
4611:
4607:
4605:
4604:
4600:
4598:
4597:
4593:
4591:
4589:
4588:(ciapkapusta)
4583:
4581:
4580:
4576:
4574:
4573:Black noodles
4571:
4570:
4568:
4566:
4562:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4534:
4533:
4529:
4528:
4527:
4524:
4523:
4520:
4517:
4513:
4509:
4502:
4498:
4484:
4481:
4480:
4478:
4474:
4466:
4462:
4459:
4457:
4454:
4453:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4433:
4431:
4427:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4407:
4405:
4401:
4397:
4390:
4386:
4377:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4354:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4343:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4310:
4308:
4306:
4302:
4296:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4278:
4275:
4272:
4268:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4240:
4239:Lower Silesia
4237:
4235:
4234:Upper Silesia
4232:
4231:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4224:State country
4222:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4204:
4203:
4200:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4187:
4186:
4183:
4182:
4180:
4176:
4173:
4169:
4165:
4158:
4154:
4145:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4098:
4096:
4094:
4090:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4035:
4033:
4031:
4027:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4010:Divoká Orlice
4008:
4007:
4005:
4003:
3999:
3996:
3992:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3970:
3969:
3966:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3953:
3952:
3949:
3948:
3946:
3942:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3912:
3910:
3906:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3821:
3819:
3815:
3811:
3807:
3802:
3798:
3788:
3787:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3770:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3748:
3744:
3740:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3722:
3719:
3715:
3710:
3706:
3701:
3694:
3689:
3687:
3682:
3680:
3675:
3674:
3671:
3663:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3643:
3642:
3632:
3626:
3622:
3618:
3617:
3611:
3607:
3601:
3597:
3593:
3592:
3586:
3582:
3576:
3572:
3571:Da Capo Press
3568:
3564:
3563:
3558:
3554:
3550:
3544:
3540:
3536:
3535:
3530:
3529:Holborn, Hajo
3526:
3522:
3516:
3512:
3508:
3507:
3501:
3497:
3493:
3489:
3485:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3470:
3464:
3460:
3456:
3455:
3450:
3449:Fraser, David
3446:
3442:
3436:
3432:
3429:. Cambridge:
3428:
3427:
3422:
3418:
3414:
3408:
3403:
3402:
3401:Maria Theresa
3396:
3392:
3388:
3384:
3380:
3379:
3373:
3369:
3363:
3359:
3358:Belknap Press
3354:
3353:
3347:
3343:
3339:
3335:
3331:
3330:
3324:
3320:
3316:
3312:
3311:
3305:
3301:
3297:
3293:
3289:
3288:
3283:
3279:
3275:
3271:
3267:
3263:
3259:
3255:
3251:
3247:
3246:
3240:
3236:
3230:
3226:
3222:
3221:
3216:
3212:
3208:
3202:
3198:
3194:
3193:
3187:
3183:
3177:
3173:
3169:
3168:
3163:
3162:Black, Jeremy
3159:
3155:
3149:
3145:
3140:
3139:
3133:
3129:
3125:
3119:
3115:
3111:
3110:
3105:
3101:
3100:
3088:
3083:
3076:
3075:Fraser (2000)
3071:
3064:
3063:Fraser (2000)
3059:
3052:
3051:Fraser (2000)
3047:
3040:
3039:Fraser (2000)
3035:
3028:
3027:Fraser (2000)
3023:
3016:
3015:Fraser (2000)
3011:
3004:
2999:
2992:
2987:
2980:
2975:
2973:
2965:
2964:Fraser (2000)
2960:
2953:
2948:
2941:
2940:Fraser (2000)
2936:
2929:
2924:
2916:
2915:
2910:
2904:
2897:
2892:
2890:
2882:
2881:Fraser (2000)
2877:
2875:
2867:
2866:Fraser (2000)
2862:
2855:
2854:Fraser (2000)
2850:
2848:
2846:
2837:
2836:
2828:
2826:
2818:
2817:Fraser (2000)
2813:
2805:
2804:
2796:
2789:
2784:
2776:
2775:
2767:
2760:
2759:Luvaas (2009)
2755:
2748:
2743:
2741:
2732:
2731:
2723:
2721:
2712:
2711:
2703:
2696:
2695:Fraser (2000)
2691:
2684:
2683:Fraser (2000)
2679:
2671:
2670:
2662:
2660:
2653:, p. 90.
2652:
2647:
2640:
2635:
2628:
2627:Fraser (2000)
2623:
2616:
2615:Asprey (1986)
2611:
2603:
2602:
2594:
2587:
2582:
2580:
2578:
2576:
2569:, p. 97.
2568:
2567:Fraser (2000)
2563:
2561:
2554:, p. 81.
2553:
2548:
2542:, p. 66.
2541:
2536:
2530:, p. 77.
2529:
2524:
2518:, p. 75.
2517:
2512:
2506:, p. 80.
2505:
2500:
2493:
2492:Asprey (1986)
2488:
2481:
2480:Asprey (1986)
2476:
2470:, p. 43.
2469:
2464:
2462:
2454:
2449:
2441:
2440:
2432:
2424:
2423:
2415:
2408:
2407:Fraser (2000)
2403:
2396:
2395:Fraser (2000)
2391:
2383:
2382:
2374:
2368:, p. 88.
2367:
2366:Fraser (2000)
2362:
2355:
2354:Asprey (1986)
2350:
2342:
2341:
2333:
2327:, p. 84.
2326:
2325:Fraser (2000)
2321:
2313:
2312:
2304:
2297:
2292:
2285:
2284:Luvaas (2009)
2280:
2273:
2268:
2261:
2256:
2249:
2244:
2237:
2232:
2230:
2223:, p. 69.
2222:
2217:
2210:
2205:
2203:
2201:
2193:
2188:
2181:
2176:
2174:
2172:
2170:
2168:
2166:
2158:
2153:
2147:, p. 70.
2146:
2145:Fraser (2000)
2141:
2134:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2118:, p. 24.
2117:
2116:Asprey (1986)
2112:
2105:
2100:
2094:, p. 80.
2093:
2088:
2081:
2076:
2069:
2064:
2062:
2055:, p. 69.
2054:
2053:Fraser (2000)
2049:
2047:
2040:, p. 59.
2039:
2034:
2026:
2025:
2017:
2015:
2006:
2005:
1997:
1989:
1988:
1980:
1973:
1972:Hirsch (1881)
1968:
1961:
1960:Hirsch (1881)
1956:
1948:
1947:
1939:
1932:
1927:
1920:
1919:Fraser (2000)
1915:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1904:
1896:
1894:
1888:
1879:
1877:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1861:
1850:
1848:
1844:
1839:
1832:
1828:
1823:
1814:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1792:
1787:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1776:Lord Hyndford
1772:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1748:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1725:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1702:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1682:
1680:
1671:
1663:
1662:Antoine Pesne
1659:
1655:
1646:
1643:
1642:Lower Silesia
1639:
1636:known as the
1635:
1625:
1622:
1618:
1617:Low Countries
1614:
1610:
1606:
1601:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1575:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1551:
1542:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1505:March Prince
1499:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1480:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1439:
1425:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1406:
1402:
1397:
1394:
1390:
1389:siege warfare
1386:
1382:
1379:. Smoothbore
1378:
1377:shock attacks
1374:
1371:were used as
1370:
1369:heavy cavalry
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1353:light cavalry
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1305:
1295:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1272:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1245:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1214:Upper Silesia
1211:
1207:
1206:Upper Austria
1198:
1194:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1170:
1168:
1164:
1159:
1151:
1146:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1123:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1100:Maria Theresa
1097:
1093:
1084:
1082:
1081:
1076:
1075:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1041:Prussian army
1038:
1030:
1023:
1012:
1011:Maria Theresa
1008:
999:
992:
984:
980:
976:
968:
963:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
938:
935:
931:
927:
922:
920:
916:
912:
908:
900:
896:
888:
884:
880:
876:
873:
869:
865:
857:
853:
849:
844:
835:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
775:
773:
769:
765:
760:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
741:
736:
735:
729:
727:
726:Maria Theresa
723:
719:
718:Silesian Wars
715:
712:of the wider
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
621:
617:
614:
613:
609:
608:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:
592:
591:
587:
586:
583:
580:
578:
575:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
554:
550:
549:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
531:
528:
526:
523:
521:
518:
516:
513:
511:
508:
507:
503:
502:
499:
496:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
471:
469:
466:
464:
461:
459:
456:
454:
451:
449:
446:
445:
441:
440:
437:
434:
432:
429:
427:
424:
422:
419:
417:
414:
412:
409:
407:
404:
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
359:
357:
354:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
332:
329:
327:
324:
323:
319:
318:
315:
310:
300:
295:
293:
288:
286:
281:
280:
277:
266:
263:
261:
258:
256:
253:
250:
245:
244:Silesian Wars
237:
232:
230:
225:
223:
218:
217:
214:
204:
201:
199:
196:
195:
194:
193:
188:
182:
178:
175:
173:
170:
169:
168:
167:
162:
156:
155:
150:
146:
134:
131:
119:
118:
113:
105:
100:
99:
95:
92:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
72:
71:
67:
64:
63:
59:
56:
52:
46:
41:
38:
37:Silesian Wars
34:
29:
24:
16:
4974:
4904:
4900:Demographics
4893:Other topics
4877:
4870:
4863:
4690:
4683:
4676:
4671:Siymiyniotka
4669:
4662:
4655:
4648:
4642:
4634:
4622:
4615:
4608:
4601:
4594:
4587:
4577:
4530:
4526:Architecture
4463: /
4305:Voivodeships
4293: /
4171:Subdivisions
4073:Nysa KĹ‚odzka
3784:
3767:
3738:
3659:
3615:
3590:
3561:
3533:
3505:
3481:
3453:
3425:
3400:
3377:
3351:
3328:
3309:
3286:
3249:
3243:
3223:. New York:
3219:
3191:
3166:
3142:. New York:
3137:
3112:. New York:
3108:
3082:
3070:
3058:
3046:
3034:
3022:
3010:
3003:Clark (2006)
2998:
2986:
2979:Clark (2006)
2959:
2952:Clark (2006)
2947:
2935:
2923:
2912:
2903:
2861:
2834:
2812:
2802:
2795:
2783:
2773:
2766:
2761:, p. 4.
2754:
2729:
2709:
2702:
2690:
2678:
2668:
2646:
2634:
2622:
2610:
2600:
2593:
2547:
2535:
2523:
2511:
2499:
2487:
2475:
2453:Clark (2006)
2448:
2438:
2431:
2421:
2414:
2402:
2390:
2380:
2373:
2361:
2349:
2339:
2332:
2320:
2310:
2303:
2296:Clark (2006)
2291:
2286:, p. 3.
2279:
2267:
2260:Clark (2006)
2255:
2248:Black (1994)
2243:
2236:Black (1994)
2216:
2209:Clark (2006)
2192:Clark (2006)
2187:
2180:Black (2002)
2157:Clark (2006)
2152:
2140:
2111:
2104:Clark (2006)
2099:
2087:
2075:
2068:Clark (2006)
2033:
2023:
2003:
1996:
1986:
1979:
1967:
1955:
1945:
1938:
1926:
1889:
1885:
1864:
1856:
1840:
1836:
1788:
1768:
1726:
1708:February at
1703:
1697:was held at
1683:
1666:
1626:
1602:
1571:
1517:crossed the
1500:
1455:
1401:cabinet wars
1398:
1385:fire support
1307:
1273:
1246:
1202:
1147:
1124:
1085:
1078:
1072:
1026:
964:
924:In the 1618
923:
919:Johann Georg
861:
808:geostrategic
798:province of
781:
761:
745:geostrategic
738:
732:
730:
673:
671:
628:
582:Pfaffenhofen
254:
183:
157:
115:Belligerents
31:Part of the
15:
4585:Panczkraut
4251:New Silesia
4246:Sudetenland
4212:politicians
3557:Luvaas, Jay
1860:great power
1324:armed with
1137:Duchies of
1080:Realpolitik
1074:casus belli
1018: 1744
1013:of Austria
921:, as duke.
830:and of the
794:within the
740:Realpolitik
734:casus belli
644:Sea battles
616:Kesselsdorf
545:Hennersdorf
510:GroĂź-Glogau
346:Wissembourg
341:Lauterbourg
101:Territorial
4981:Categories
4630:Kopalnioki
4617:Karminadle
4207:parliament
4068:Mała Panew
3951:Carpathian
3725:Offensives
3619:. London:
3509:. London:
3459:Allen Lane
3457:. London:
3338:1045538020
3319:1045538020
3300:1045538020
3195:. London:
3170:. London:
1899:References
1762:after the
1467:fortresses
1337:Cavalrymen
1326:smoothbore
1238:Palatinate
969:, Emperor
786:'s ruling
594:St. Pölten
572:Ingolstadt
562:Deggendorf
483:3rd Prague
473:2nd Prague
448:1st Prague
436:Maastricht
4924:Silesians
4773:Languages
4685:WodziĹŤnka
4610:Hauskyjza
4121:Pszczynka
3944:Mountains
3806:Geography
3730:Uprisings
3496:309922855
3387:867881191
3274:159463824
3172:UCL Press
1737:Chotusitz
1699:Frankfurt
1634:armistice
1613:Pressburg
1605:partition
1567:Pressburg
1557:Queen of
1414:magazines
1383:provided
1381:artillery
1361:screening
1288:indemnity
1280:ultimatum
1261:Elizabeth
1112:Hungarian
987:Frederick
983:Schwiebus
960:escheated
940:Ferdinand
891:Ferdinand
676:(German:
599:Schärding
577:Vilshofen
567:Straubing
463:Chotusitz
381:Oudenarde
326:Dettingen
4964:Category
4814:Moravian
4809:Silesian
4702:Religion
4643:Krupniok
4429:Industry
4362:Silesian
4328:Silesian
4217:treasury
4161:Politics
4116:Przemsza
4111:Gostynia
4063:Liswarta
4053:KĹ‚odnica
3648:(1911).
3531:(1982).
3451:(2000).
3423:(1977).
3397:(1970).
3348:(2006).
3284:(1858).
3217:(1993).
3164:(1994).
3134:(1986).
3106:(1995).
1817:Outcomes
1527:Mollwitz
1463:garrison
1367:, while
1349:carbines
1333:bayonets
1322:infantry
1314:firearms
1255:and the
1236:and the
1127:Voltaire
1108:Bohemian
934:Catholic
879:Liegnitz
852:Habsburg
818:and the
796:Habsburg
515:Mollwitz
478:2nd Eger
458:1st Eger
416:Lauffeld
391:Brussels
361:Fontenoy
356:Breisgau
73:Location
35:and the
4832:Symbols
4650:MakĹŤwki
4565:Cuisine
4532:FamilĹŹk
4515:Culture
4505:Society
4483:Tourism
4476:Tourism
4393:Economy
4295:Görlitz
4270:Current
4185:Duchies
4106:Brynica
4093:Vistula
4048:Kaczawa
3983:Western
3978:Central
3973:Eastern
3968:Sudetes
3786:more...
3714:History
3700:Silesia
3658:(ed.).
3511:Longman
3266:3397409
3114:Longman
3097:Sources
1882:Austria
1853:Prussia
1827:Prussia
1799:Troppau
1710:Wischau
1559:Hungary
1555:crowned
1519:Sudetes
1507:Leopold
1471:Breslau
1447:estates
1345:pistols
1284:cession
1234:Cologne
1199:in gold
1193:Prussia
1191:, with
1135:Rhenish
1131:demesne
1104:Austria
1088:Charles
1065:Bavaria
1049:Britain
979:exclave
971:Leopold
903:Joachim
856:Silesia
800:Silesia
792:duchies
784:Prussia
757:Bavaria
710:theatre
702:Bohemia
698:Moravia
690:Silesia
686:Austria
682:Prussia
588:Austria
557:Simbach
551:Bavaria
504:Silesia
488:Budweis
396:Antwerp
386:Ostende
366:Tournai
130:Prussia
103:changes
86:Bohemia
82:Moravia
78:Silesia
4819:Polish
4789:German
4678:Szałŏt
4657:Moczka
4636:Kreple
4624:Kołŏcz
4603:Galert
4596:KlĹŤzki
4190:Piasts
4178:Former
4038:Barycz
4015:Jizera
3994:Rivers
3930:Nyskie
3743:Second
3702:topics
3627:
3602:
3577:
3545:
3517:
3494:
3465:
3437:
3409:
3385:
3364:
3336:
3317:
3298:
3272:
3264:
3231:
3203:
3178:
3150:
3120:
1893:Alsace
1803:Neisse
1801:, and
1722:
1706:
1687:OlmĂĽtz
1674:
1670:Prague
1630:
1598:Vienna
1594:Danube
1578:
1539:
1523:
1509:
1503:
1496:Neisse
1488:Glogau
1483:
1475:
1443:homage
1428:Course
1341:sabres
1276:
1222:Naples
1156:
1139:JĂĽlich
1090:
1069:Saxony
1061:Sweden
1053:France
1035:
995:
989:
973:
942:
905:
893:
883:Wohlau
850:under
753:Saxony
737:, but
694:Poland
610:Saxony
525:Neisse
453:OlmĂĽtz
411:Rocoux
351:Furnes
260:Second
142:
127:
93:Result
4848:Flags
4784:Czech
4738:Sport
4579:Bryja
4323:Opole
4195:dukes
4101:Biała
4083:Ślęza
4058:Kwisa
3908:Lakes
3817:Areas
3747:Third
3739:First
3654:. In
3565:. By
3270:S2CID
3262:JSTOR
1718:BrĂĽnn
1714:Iglau
1691:Glatz
1590:Rhine
1580:June
1492:Brieg
1479:Ohlau
1459:corps
1218:Spain
1210:Tyrol
1020:, by
887:Brieg
866:Duke
704:(the
540:Kosel
530:Glatz
520:Brieg
493:Tabor
468:Sahay
421:Hulst
406:Namur
376:Ghent
371:Melle
336:Ypres
331:Menin
265:Third
255:First
53:, by
4126:Rawa
4078:Olza
4043:BĂłbr
4030:Oder
4002:Elbe
3735:Wars
3625:ISBN
3600:ISBN
3575:ISBN
3543:ISBN
3515:ISBN
3492:OCLC
3463:ISBN
3435:ISBN
3407:ISBN
3383:OCLC
3362:ISBN
3334:OCLC
3315:OCLC
3296:OCLC
3229:ISBN
3201:ISBN
3176:ISBN
3148:ISBN
3118:ISBN
1733:Elbe
1621:Linz
1494:and
1363:and
1343:and
1331:and
1220:and
1208:and
1143:Berg
1141:and
1110:and
1067:and
1059:and
1051:and
885:and
846:The
812:Oder
755:and
743:and
700:and
684:and
672:The
604:Linz
498:Soor
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