Finnish Defence Forces

855:

while its Nordic neighbors jumped on the expeditionary bandwagon is not hard to see. Sharing a 1340km border with Russia, the need for large ground forces is self-explanatory. Furthermore, memories of World War II – in which over 2 percent of the population perished in two brutal wars with the Soviet Union – are very much alive in Finland". This same aspect has been highlighted even more strongly after the Russian invasion of Ukraine and Finland's decision to join NATO. With quotes like; "After World War II, having thwarted the advance of the mighty Red Army in the Winter War of 1939-40 and then seeking to recapture the territory the Soviets eventually claimed, Finland had to settle for neutrality imposed by Moscow. But to almost everyone's surprise, it succeeded in this degrading task, too, building up armed forces that were highly capable and were energetically supported by civil society—while at the same time managing to maintain dialogue with Moscow.", "Finland still has compulsory military service. Finland would be in a position to mobilize an army of 280,000 soldiers. That's quite a big army in modern Europe,", with similar views being expressed elsewhere as well, often referring to the fact that Finland has kept its conscript-based armed force or other readiness-related units, contrasting with other European countries that now have to re-arm, such as

3511: 1612:). In this system, 80% of the conscripts are trained to fulfill a specific role in a specific wartime military unit. Each brigade-level unit is responsible for producing specified reserve units from the conscripts it has been allocated. As the reservists are discharged, they receive a specific wartime placement in the unit with which they have trained during their conscription. As the conscripts age, their unit is given new, different tasks and materiel. Typically, reservists are placed for the first five years in first-line units, then moved to military formations with less demanding tasks, while the reservists unable to serve in the unit are substituted with reservists from the reserve without specific placement. In refresher exercises, the unit is then given new training for these duties, if the defence funding permits this. 1588:, depending on their training and accomplishments. After their military service, the conscripts are placed in reserve until the end of their 50th or 60th living year, depending on their military rank. During their time in reserve, the reservists are liable to participate in military refresher exercises for a total of 40, 75 or 100 days, depending on their military rank. In addition, all reservists are liable for activation in a situation where the military threat against Finland has seriously increased, in full or partial mobilization or in a large-scale disaster or a virulent epidemic. The males who do not belong to the reserve may only be activated in case of full mobilization, and those rank-and-file personnel who have fulfilled 50 years of age only with a specific parliamentary decision. 3508: 3909: 2514: 1316:). This association provides reservists with personal, squad, platoon and company level military training. Most of the 2,000 instructors of the association are volunteers certified by the Defence Forces, but when Defence Forces materiel is used, the training always takes place under the supervision of career military personnel. Annually, the Defence Forces requests the Association to run specialized exercises for some 8,500 personnel placed in reserve units, and an additional 16,500 reservists participate in military courses where the participants are not directly selected by the Defence Forces. The legislation concerning the association will require that the chairman and the majority of the members of its board are chosen by the 3917: 669: 3493: 3444: 3463: 3441: 222: 1568:. All men above 18 years of age are liable to serve either six, nine, or 12 months. Some 27,000 conscripts are trained annually. 65% of Finnish men complete their service. The conscripts at first receive basic training, after which they are assigned to various units for special training. Privates who are trained for tasks not requiring special skills serve for six months. In technically demanding tasks the time of service is nine, or in some cases 12 months. Those selected for NCO (non-commissioned officer) or officer training serve 12 months. At the completion of the service, the conscripts receive a reserve military rank of 203: 2463: 2402: 1986: 2578: 63: 2231: 182: 2427: 2554: 768: 505: 1726: 1642: 114: 75: 1557: 457: 1042: 127: 2447: 2192:. Instead, each authority regularly trains for crises and has been allocated a combination of normal and emergency powers it needs to keep functioning in any conceivable situation. In a war, all resources of society may be diverted to ensure the survival of the nation. The legal basis for such measures is found in the Readiness Act and in the State of Defence Act, which would come into force through a presidential decision verified by parliament in the case of a crisis. 2495: 2479: 140: 2530: 1710: 418: 2031: 431: 2566: 939:, Finnish government officials began voicing increasingly strong support for joining NATO, buttressed by polls showing a rapid increase in Finnish citizens' willingness to join NATO. NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg voiced his support in April 2022 for the inclusion of Finland into the Euro-Atlantic defence alliance and stated that NATO member countries would likely enthusiastically support a Finland bid for membership. 405: 444: 807: 1203:). Under the brigades, there were 12 military districts, which were responsible for carrying out the draft, training and crisis-time activation of reservists and for planning and executing territorial defence of their areas. The military districts were disbanded in 2014, as a part of the 800 million euro savings the Finnish Defence Forces had to carry out. Their duties are now carried out by regional offices ( 759:) for company-grade and junior officers and NCOs was set up. The requirement of one year of compulsory service was greater than that imposed by any other Scandinavian country in the 1920s and the 1930s, but political opposition to defense spending left the military badly equipped to resist an attack by the Soviet Union, the only security threat in Finnish eyes. 1977:

service uniform for permanent personnel such as officers and as a dress uniform, but is not commonly issued to troops. This is gray for army, blue for the air force and dark blue for the navy. The navy has separate naval uniforms, while the air force uses army-pattern uniforms. There are also four separate full dress uniforms depending on the dress code.

916:

in 1991 did not eliminate the military threat perceived by the government, but the nature of the threat had changed. While the concept of total, territorial defence was not dropped, military planning has moved towards the capability to prevent and frustrate a strategic attack toward the vital regions

1596:

per day, depending on the time they have served. The state also pays for any rental and electricity bills the conscripts incur during their service. If the conscripts have families, they are entitled to benefits as well. It is illegal to fire an employee due to military service or due to a refresher

950:

signed a new mutual defence agreement "to reinforce their security and fortify northern Europe's defences, in the face of renewed threats." This has helped to address concerns within Finland that the delay between application and acceptance to NATO, during which time Finland would not yet be able to

1619:

islands are exempt from military service. By the Conscription act of 1950, they are however required to serve a time at a local institution, like the coast guard instead. However, until such service has been arranged, they are freed from service obligation. The non-military service of Åland islands

1600:

The military service consists of lessons, practical training, various cleaning and maintenance duties and field exercises. Most weekends conscripts can leave the barracks on Friday and are expected to return by midnight on Sunday. A small force of conscripts are kept in readiness on weekends to aid

2292:

The Border Guard has the responsibility for border security in all situations. During a war, it will contribute to the national defence partially integrated into the army, its total mobilized strength being some 11,600 troops. One of the projected uses for the Border Guard is guerrilla warfare in

2195:

The main objective of the doctrine is to establish and maintain a military force capable of deterring any potential aggressor from using Finnish territory or applying military pressure against Finland. To accomplish this, the defence is organised on the doctrine of territorial defence. The stated

2001:

operations since 1956 (the number of Finnish peacekeepers who have served since 1956 amounts to 43,000). In 2003 over a thousand Finnish peacekeepers were involved in peacekeeping operations, including UN and NATO led missions. According to the Finnish law the maximum simultaneous strength of the

2288:

to wear down the attacker. The Air Force is used to deny the invader the air superiority and to protect most important troops and objects of national importance in conjunction with the ground-based air defence. As the readiness of the Air Force and the Navy is high even during the peacetime, the

1632:

to serve on a voluntary basis and pursue careers as officers. In conscription, women have consideration time of 30 days, during which they have the choice to halt their service without any other specific reason. After the said 30 days, all the same laws and jurisdictions apply to them as to men.

854:

These conflicts involving Finland had a significant impact on the modern Finnish defense force. While other European militaries have reduced their forces, Finland has maintained a large conscript-based reserve army. As a Swedish report stated: "The reason why the FDF chose to maintain this model

1976:

uniform, introduced in 2005, which is green camouflage uniform used by the army. M05 has cold weather and snow camouflage variants, which are gray-green and white with green flecks, respectively. Older green camouflage uniforms are M91 and M62. The M83 light service uniform remains in use as a

893:

which calls for the use of all resources of society for national defence in case of a crisis. From the mid-1960s onwards the Finnish Defence Forces also began to specifically prepare to defeat a strategic strike, the kind which the Soviet Union employed successfully to topple the government of

834:

alongside Germany from 1941 to 1944. Thanks to Nazi-German aid, the army was much better equipped, and the period of conscription was increased to two years, making possible the formation of sixteen infantry divisions. Having initially deployed on the defensive, the Finns took advantage of the

605:

Finland's official policy states that a wartime military strength of 280,000 personnel constitutes a sufficient deterrent. The army consists of a highly mobile field army backed up by local defence units. The army defends the national territory and its military strategy employs the use of the

1655:

The Finnish military ranks follow the Western usage in the officer ranks. As a Finnish peculiarity, the rank of lieutenant has three grades: 2nd lieutenant, lieutenant and senior lieutenant. The 2nd lieutenant is a reserve officer rank, active commissioned officers beginning their service as

1591:

Military service can be started after turning 18. The service can be delayed due to studies, work or other personal reasons until the 28th birthday, but these reasons do not result in exemptions. In addition to lodging, food, clothes and health care the conscripts receive between 5 and 11.70

875:

in 1947, which imposed restrictions on the size and equipment of the armed forces and required disbandment of the Civic Guard, Finland reorganized its defense forces. The fact that the conditions of the peace treaty did not include prohibitions on reserves or mobilization made it possible to

731:

After winning the Civil War, the Finnish peacetime army was organized as three divisions and a brigade by professional German officers. It became the basic structure for the next 20 years. The coast was guarded by former czarist coastal fortifications and ships taken as prizes of war. The

1965: 629:

missions. With an arsenal of 700 howitzers, 700 heavy mortars and 100 multiple rocket launchers, Finland has the largest artillery capability in western Europe. Homeland defence willingness against a superior enemy is at 83%, one of the highest rates in Europe. The air force has 62

2234:

A figure illustrating the principle of territorial defence. The enemy is worn down from the border onwards, and the invasion force is stopped before it captures vital areas. On the sea border, the invasion is stopped on the coast. All services are used jointly to repel the

888:

by the establishment of new garrisons in the area. From 1968 onwards, the Finnish government adopted the doctrine of territorial defence, which requires the use of large land areas to delay and wear out a potential aggressor. The doctrine was complemented by the concept of

3714:. The old Conscription Act mandates the activation of the reserve only in case of full or partial mobilization (§10). The new Conscription Act allows for selective activation of reservists even in situations which do not require even partial mobilization (§§78–89). 2184:. The term total means that all sectors of the government and economy are involved in the defence planning. In principle, each ministry has the responsibility for planning its operations during a crisis. There are no special emergency authorities, such as the U.S. 2283:

The role of the Navy is to repel all attacks carried out against Finnish coasts and to safeguard the territorial integrity during peacetime and the "gray" phase of the conflict. The maritime defence relies on combined use of coastal artillery, missile systems and

2730: 2016:(FRDF), which can take part in international crisis management/peacekeeping operations at short notice. The Nyland/Uusimaa Brigade has started training the Amphibious Task Unit (ATU) in recent years, a joint Swedish-Finnish international task unit. 523: 971:

voted overwhelmingly to apply for membership of NATO, with 188 votes in favour of the motion and 8 against. The following morning, the Finnish ambassador to NATO, Klaus Korhonen, formally submitted Finland's application to NATO Secretary General

3478: 966:

issued a joint statement supporting Finland's application for membership of NATO, saying "As a member of NATO, Finland would strengthen the entire defence alliance. Finland must apply for NATO membership without delay." On 17 May 2022, the

1659:

The basic structure of the NCO ranks is a variant of the German rank structure, but the rank system has some peculiarities due to different personnel groups. The duties carried out by NCOs in most Western armed forces are carried out by

2301:

The army is organised into operative forces, which consist of approximately 61,000 persons, and territorial forces, which consist of 176,000 persons. The following list is the wartime organisation of the Finnish army from January 2008.

2243:

in Finnish possession. In other areas, the size of the country is used to delay and wear down the invader, until the enemy may be defeated in an area of Finnish choosing. The Army carries most of the responsibility for this task.

3565:. In Ylisipola, J (ed.) Reservin koulutus ja vapaaehtoinen maanpuolustuskoulutus: VELVOLLISUUS, VAPAAEHTOISUUS, OMATOIMISUUS: Puolustusvoimien koulutustoimialan vuosiseminaari 2015. Finnish Defence Command, Training Department. 4015: 524: 3558: 1601:

civil agencies in various types of emergency situations, to guard the premises and to maintain defence in case of a sudden military emergency. Field exercises can go on regardless of the time of day or week.

3321: 879:

For the first two decades after the Second World War, the Finnish Defence Forces relied largely on obsolete wartime material. Defence spending remained minimal until the early 1960s. During the peak of the

979:

On 29 June 2022, 30 NATO countries extended a formal invitation for Finland along with Sweden to join NATO. Both nations received the status of aspiring members while attending the annual NATO summit in

5308: 747:

The new government instituted conscription after the Civil War and also introduced a mobilization system and compulsory refresher courses for reservists. An academy providing basic officer training (

898:

in 1968. In an all-out confrontation between the two major blocs, Finnish objective would have been to prevent any military incursions to Finnish territory and thereby keep Finland outside the war.

4880: 4975: 2160: 1628:. Finnish law requires that men who do not want to serve the defense of the country in any capacity (so-called total objectors) be sentenced to a prison term of 173 days. As of 1995, women 876:

contemplate an adequate defense establishment within the prescribed limits. The reorganization resulted in the adoption of the brigade -in place of the division- as the standard formation.

1620:

has not been arranged since the introduction of the act, and there are no plans to institute it. The inhabitants of Åland islands can also volunteer for military service on the mainland.

884:, the Finnish government made a conscious effort to increase defence capability. This resulted in the commissioning of several new weapons systems and the strengthening of the defence of 744:) played a key role in interwar Finnish defence policy, as they essentially served as local/territorial militia forces, and some had higher readiness and training for quick mobilization. 3023: 1181: 2280:

The total number of territorial and regional units is undisclosed. The army units are mostly composed of reservists, the career soldiers manning the command and specialty positions.

1597:

exercise or activation. Voluntary females in military service receive a small additional benefit, because they are expected to provide their own underwear and other personal items.

3943: 2513: 4948: 4396: 3394: 2146: 626: 1180:, but can be incorporated fully or in part into the defence forces when required by defence readiness. All logistical duties of the Defence Forces are carried out by the 5058: 1937:) from the United States. Other non-USA operators for the JASSM are Australia, Poland and South Korea. The deal also included other sophisticated bombs like glide-bombs 707:

In the war, the Whites were victorious in large part thanks to the leadership of General Mannerheim and the lead by example offensive mindedness of 1,800 German-trained

3555: 992:

The Defence Forces are currently undergoing key procurement programmes for all the three branches. The Navy is scheduled to get its largest vessels since the WW2-era

598:

is in place, under which all mentally and physically capable men serve for 165, 255, or 347 days, from the year they turn 18 until the year they turn 29. Alternative

521: 2347: 4985: 3297: 4980: 4105: 3116: 2645: 3369: 2674: 5664: 3726: 3273:"Madrid Summit Declaration issued by NATO Heads of State and Government participating in the meeting of the North Atlantic Council in Madrid 29 June 2022" 5134: 5010: 4229: 3058: 1301:). They are responsible for securing the integrity of the Finnish airspace during peace and for conducting aerial warfare independently during a crisis. 843:

of June 1944 undid these Finnish gains and, while failing in its objective of destroying the Finnish army and forcing Finland's unconditional surrender,

645:

The Finnish Defence Forces cooperate closely with the Finnish Border Guard. The Finnish Border Guard has its own yearly and long term investment budget.

522: 5155: 2426: 2401: 692:

was appointed as Commander-in-Chief of these forces the next day. Fighting between the White Guards (as the Civic Guards were commonly known) and the

4990: 3827: 2702: 1061:

in matters related to the military command. Decisions concerning military orders are made by the President of the Republic in consultation with the

839:, swiftly recovering their lost territories and invading Soviet territory in Karelia, after settling into defensive positions in December 1941. The 5246: 5241: 5048: 4941: 4389: 4260: 4063: 1305: 3141: 2945:

Guardians of the North: The Finnish Army Improves Readiness and Mobility to Counter Hybrid Threats, by Dr. Michael Jonsson & Dr. Johan Engvall

993: 2615: 2312: 2553: 1624:

were exempt until February 2019. It is also possible to serve either weapon-free military service of 255 or 347 days or undergo a 12-month-long

924:

also allowed new opportunities which would have previously been seen as breaking Finland's stance of neutrality, such as participation in the

5088: 2140: 736:

had already been formed in March 1918, but remained a part of the Army and did not become a fully independent fighting force until 1928. The

530:"March of the Björneborgers" or "March of the Pori Regiment" from the 19th century; known as the military anthem of the Finnish Defence Force 3221: 3175: 867:

The demobilization and regrouping of the Finnish Defence Forces were carried out in late 1944 under the supervision of the Soviet-dominated

5889: 5342: 1692:

The rank and file of the Finnish Defence Forces is composed of conscripts serving in the ranks of private, lance corporal and NCO student.

720: 2577: 2462: 4934: 4382: 4362: 4020: 3940: 3803: 6071: 5478: 6381: 4541: 2189: 1266:). The Coastal Fleet includes all the surface combatants of the Navy, while Coastal Brigade and Nyland Brigade train coastal troops. 2024: 1689:

In a case of war, most of the NCO duties would be carried out by reserve NCOs who have received their training during conscription.

5697: 5289: 5251: 5038: 5030: 3345: 2226:

Use of military force in the form of a strategic strike or an attack beginning with a strategic strike aimed at seizing territory.

6308: 5613: 5503: 3960: 3749: 3703: 3688: 3664: 3653: 3645:

The Finnish legislation concerning conscription was completely overhauled in 2007. The new legislation which was approved by the

2109: 2063: 3418: 2753: 2529: 1633:

Unlike in many other countries, women are allowed to serve in all combat arms including front-line infantry and special forces.

6060: 5398: 5224: 5114: 4581: 4292: 3246: 2620: 3633:"Koko ikäluokalle yhteiset kutsunnat ja uusi kevyempi palvelusluokka – tällaisia muutoksia komitea esittää asevelvollisuuteen" 3535: 3037: 5805: 5746: 5063: 4239: 4152: 4142: 3856: 3570: 2899: 2635: 1701: 716: 17: 3881: 6009: 5203: 4624: 4132: 4056: 2640: 1664:

warrant officers (opistoupseeri) serving in the ranks from lieutenant to captain. This personnel group is being phased out.

1629: 1046: 4634: 5947: 5832: 4561: 4234: 2595: 2469: 2185: 1675:). Career NCO's with rank of sergeant have a sword symbol in their insignia to distinguish them from conscript sergeants. 677: 1671:), sergeant, staff sergeant, sergeant first class (gunnery sergeant is equivalent), master sergeant and sergeant major ( 4957: 4909: 4840: 4576: 4320: 1949: 1177: 925: 2494: 2049:

International operations Finland is participating in by deploying military units (personnel strength in parentheses):

514: 5862: 5837: 5300: 5129: 4870: 4830: 4566: 4156: 3997: 2630: 2223:

Political, economic and military pressure, which may include a threat of using military force and its restricted use.

840: 1026:

is also being upgraded to a new variant. A new high altitude air defence missile system was selected in April 2023,

711:, who brought with them German tactical doctrine and military culture. The post-war years were characterized by the 5335: 5267: 5119: 5020: 3941:

GLOBAL EXCHANGE OF MILITARY INFORMATION: Annual Exchange of Information: Republic of Finland: Valid as of 01/01/16.

2565: 1768: 936: 3588: 668: 5093: 5042: 4845: 4629: 4187: 4049: 1027: 1011: 913: 3723: 2731:"Defence budget for 2024 invests in strengthening defence capability, membership in NATO and supporting Ukraine" 6334: 5710: 5219: 5074: 4351: 2605: 2013: 1304:

The military training of the reservists is primarily the duty of the Defence Forces, but it is assisted by the

658: 194: 6266: 6101: 5483: 5034: 4727: 4593: 4173: 4095: 1938: 1066: 6376: 5962: 5690: 5643: 4926: 4536: 4265: 2357: 2267: 1942: 599: 167: 3835: 2799: 2771: 6125: 5810: 5328: 4825: 4598: 4571: 4279: 2989: 2020: 1909: 847:. The Finns were able to preserve their independence with key defensive victories over the Red Army, the 689: 654: 618: 3009: 6291: 6286: 5997: 5987: 5977: 5847: 5731: 5659: 5513: 5418: 5193: 4807: 4742: 4677: 4420: 4100: 2240: 2053: 1764: 1625: 1054: 907: 872: 214: 1930:

Finland does not have attack helicopters or submarines. Legislation forbids nuclear weapons entirely.

6147: 6019: 5884: 5857: 5763: 5638: 5443: 4875: 4817: 4619: 4603: 4178: 2969: 2504: 2446: 2411: 2042: 1760: 1073: 1062: 3024:"Finland in Nato would bring the spirit of 'sisu' to the defence of democratic ideals – Harry Nimmo" 2955: 6281: 6081: 5852: 5603: 5553: 5518: 5508: 5468: 5458: 5383: 4747: 4712: 4586: 4336: 1848: 1840: 1817: 1000: 617:

5.8 billion. The voluntary overseas service is highly popular and troops serve around the world in

3166: 859:

as an example. During the events of 2022 all this has received attention internationally as well.

6232: 6217: 6152: 5972: 5952: 5778: 5768: 5683: 5633: 5593: 5538: 5523: 5493: 5488: 5428: 5408: 5388: 5373: 5124: 5104: 5083: 5000: 4767: 4752: 4737: 4732: 4687: 4672: 4556: 4476: 4341: 4302: 3649:

came into force January 1, 2008. No changes were made to the service periods, which are given in

2478: 1933:

In early March 2012 Finland decided to purchase advanced Joint Air-to-Surface Standoff Missiles (

1905: 1801: 1551: 1215: 848: 819: 622: 595: 2289:

career personnel have a much more visible role in the wartime duties of these defence branches.

2230: 6045: 5758: 5623: 5568: 5528: 5413: 5403: 4981:

Director General of the Military Staff/Director of the Military Planning and Conduct Capability

4835: 4782: 4757: 4662: 4526: 4481: 4356: 4086: 3272: 2859: 2600: 2086: 1792: 1650: 1621: 493: 342: 1985: 6167: 6086: 6004: 5628: 5543: 5498: 5453: 5378: 5368: 5304: 5173: 4865: 4860: 4772: 4707: 4667: 4652: 4644: 4466: 3646: 1885: 1881: 1270: 1007: 968: 792: 737: 681: 610:

to wear down an aggressor, instead of attempting to hold the attacking army on the frontier.

6172: 6157: 6111: 6014: 5957: 5867: 5820: 5598: 5588: 5578: 5573: 5558: 5548: 5473: 5393: 4855: 4802: 4797: 4792: 4787: 4722: 4657: 4491: 4255: 4090: 2835: 2333: 1897: 1278: 1153: 1058: 1014:

fighter jets for 10€ billion. Meanwhile, the Army is planning to complement the modernized

836: 796: 772: 693: 607: 588: 355: 174: 4346: 3608: 2538: 8: 6247: 6189: 6137: 6096: 6066: 5935: 5921: 5726: 5563: 5533: 5438: 5295: 5198: 5145: 4850: 4777: 4762: 4697: 4551: 4531: 4486: 1772: 1274: 800: 314: 207: 803:. During the war, the Finns lost 25,904 men, while the Soviet losses were 167,976 dead. 672:

Establishment of the first headquarters of the Finnish Defence Forces on 2 February 1918

6327: 6252: 6204: 6194: 6106: 6033: 5967: 5872: 5842: 5741: 5718: 5583: 5463: 5273: 4904: 4717: 4546: 4498: 3964: 2625: 2324: 2096: 1317: 929: 799:. Finland successfully defended its independence but ceded 9% of its territory per the 788: 685: 639: 62: 3757: 3700: 3685: 3661: 3650: 6276: 6227: 6055: 5773: 5283: 4521: 4513: 4374: 4297: 4128: 3993: 3566: 2916: 2895: 2501: 2453: 2417: 2177: 2075: 1685:

conscripts in the ranks of corporal, officer student, sergeant and officer candidate.

1585: 1290: 1133: 868: 733: 701: 584: 145: 3117:"If Finland and Sweden apply to join NATO, they would be welcomed, Stoltenberg says" 2005:

Since 1956, 39 Finnish soldiers have died while serving in peacekeeping operations.

959: 947: 708: 6350: 6303: 6271: 6177: 6142: 5788: 5278: 4995: 4310: 4287: 3532: 2544: 2124: 2057: 1893: 1822: 1748: 1309: 1294: 1282: 1259: 1251: 1243: 1231: 1219: 1204: 1196: 1185: 1165: 1157: 1145: 1137: 1125: 1117: 1105: 1097: 1085: 1077: 1030: 973: 844: 831: 767: 560: 552: 368: 304: 4032:

Findicator - Participants in military service and refresher courses for reservists

1682:) serving in the ranks of corporal, sergeant and 2nd lieutenant (reserve officers) 6341: 6242: 6237: 6182: 6091: 6050: 5360: 4458: 3947: 3730: 3707: 3692: 3668: 3657: 3592: 3562: 3539: 3515: 3448: 2994: 2074:

Other international operations Finland is participating in with staff personnel,

1844: 1227: 885: 329: 186: 103: 2239:

In all cases, the national objective is to keep the vital areas, especially the

6355: 5982: 5914: 5800: 5423: 4961: 4682: 3738:

The cited source includes a very good overview of the system, paraphrased here.

3370:"Finnish RK62M Sako/Valmet Rifle - A Closer Look At Long Anticipated Upgrade -" 3142:"Prime Minister signs new assurances to bolster European security: 11 May 2022" 2974: 2610: 2318: 1990: 1725: 1573: 1569: 1239: 952: 895: 227: 4915: 1641: 6370: 6298: 5052: 5029:

Command structure on the civilian/military strategic and operational levels (

4432: 3322:"The Lockheed Martin F-35A Lightning II is Finland's next multi-role fighter" 2650: 2520: 2181: 1934: 1866: 1730: 1556: 1320:. The other board members are chosen by NGOs active in the national defence. 943: 890: 488: 462: 4956: 1019: 6076: 4898: 4426: 4148: 4138: 3298:"Finland warns fighter contenders to keep their budget-busting offers real" 2130: 2100: 2082: 2009: 1998: 1565: 1113: 1093: 823: 580: 576: 247: 132: 119: 74: 3779: 3609:"General officers in Finland - Puolustusvoimat The Finnish Defence Forces" 3077: 1718: 1041: 159: 6222: 5793: 5753: 4471: 4314: 4041: 2433: 2216:

The defence planning is organised to counteract three threat situations:

2039: 1901: 1714: 1173: 1015: 963: 811: 684:

were proclaimed the troops of the government on 25 January 1918 and then

791:, defeated the Red Army on numerous occasions, including at the crucial 5783: 5736: 5448: 4702: 4443: 4306: 3595:. Finnish National Defence Training Association. Retrieved 2015-12-28. 3585: 2285: 2212:

flexible readiness in responding to military threats of various degree.

784: 776: 712: 539: 3395:"Progress in building high-altitude capability of Finnish air defence" 5320: 4448: 2115: 1836: 1269:

The Air Force consists of headquarters and four brigade-level units:

984:

as guest nations. Finland became a full NATO member on 4 April 2023.

815: 386: 4010: 3961:"Puolustustilalaki 1083/1991 - Ajantasainen lainsäädäntö - FINLEX ®" 1709: 935:

With the change in the European security environment brought by the

751:) was established in 1919, the founding of a General Staff College ( 6257: 5894: 5675: 5351: 4438: 4027:

Findicator - Participation in military crisis management operations

3419:"High-altitude capability for ground-based air defence to progress" 2772:"Annual Report According to the EU Code of Conduct on Arms Exports" 2437: 2154: 2092: 2030: 1877: 1581: 1577: 1560:

Figure illustrating the organization of Finnish conscript training.

921: 881: 568: 5877: 3167:"Finland and Sweden face security dilemma ahead of Nato decisions" 1616: 795:. These successes were in large part thanks to the application of 5899: 5706: 4026: 3196: 3091: 2103: 2067: 1797: 856: 572: 410: 4036: 4031: 4023:

Publication from the Nordic Council of Ministers. Free download.

2970:"Will Finland and Sweden join NATO? | DW | 14.04.2022" 1214:

The Navy consists of headquarters and four brigade-level units:

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Finnish troops man an antitank gun during the Continuation War.

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and defined the internationally recognized borders of Finland.

697: 631: 449: 436: 423: 3632: 3059:"Finland is ready to fight Russia if attacked - defence chief" 2813: 2688: 6162: 5904: 4503: 2485: 2150: 1873: 1023: 373: 3481:. Finnish Defence Forces. 2015-12-21. Retrieved 2019-04-25. 3466:. Finnish Defence Forces. 2014-12-19. Retrieved 2015-12-28. 3451:. Finnish Defence Forces. 2015-01-02. Retrieved 2015-12-28. 755:) followed in 1924, and in 1927 a tactical training school ( 5909: 4405: 3518:. Finnish Defence Forces. 2014-12-31. Retrieved 2015-12-28. 3496:. Finnish Defence Forces 2014-12-31. Retrieved 2015-12-28. 2164: 2118: 2035: 1593: 635: 614: 381: 976:. Sweden also submitted its application at the same time. 4021:

One for all, all for one? New Nordic Defence Partnership?

3042: 2703:"Global Exchange of Information on Defence Planning 2019" 2019:

Since 2006, Finland has participated in the formation of

1973: 1645:

Finnish Navy Master Chief Petty Officer (machine branch).

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Director of the Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability

3950:

Finnish Defence Forces. 2015-12-04. Retrieved 2015-12-28

2196:

main principles of the territorial defence doctrine are

1952:(MLRS. In Finnish 298 RSRAKH 06) to be able to fire the 1053:

The Finnish Defence Forces are under the command of the

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Muutos on mahdollisuus – näkymiä reservin koulutuksesta

1989:

Finnish soldiers at a polling station during operation

955:

and may present an opportunity for a Russian invasion.

613:

Finland's defence budget for 2022 equals approximately

4404: 3780:"Materiel and Equipment of the Finnish Defence Forces" 3197:"Finnish leaders confirm support for Nato application" 2800:"Suomella on järisyttävän suuri ja kadehdittu tykistö" 1564:

The Finnish defence forces is based on universal male

602:

for men and voluntary service for women is available.

3804:"All Finnish Air Force's Hornets Upgraded to MLU 2 -" 3684:

The reserve obligation is listed in the §§6–7 of the

2675:"Finland to raise wartime strength to 280,000 troops" 2646:

List of senior officers of the Finnish Defence Forces

1706:

Finnish Defence Forces Materiel and equipment photos.

1006:. The Air Force has made the decision to acquire the 5665:

List of countries in Europe by military expenditures

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The Army is divided into eight brigade-level units (

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that came to an end in 1920 with the signing of the

5135:

Committee for Civilian Aspects of Crisis Management

3542:(556/2007). Finlex database. Retrieved 2015-12-28. 2353:

14 independent battalions / battlegroups (regional)

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14 independent battalions / battlegroups (regional)

2220:

A regional crisis that may have effects on Finland.

1528: 719:, which ended the state of war between Finland and 5156:Directorate-General for Defence Industry and Space 3857:"Long Reach: Finlands Long-Range Rocket Launchers" 3165: 3081:, Library of Congress Call Number DL1012.A74 1990. 2002:peacekeeping forces is limited to 2,000 soldiers. 696:had already broken out about a week before around 634:combat aircraft from 1995, to be replaced with 64 264:1,106,193 females, age 16–49 (2010 est.) 3828:"Development of Finland's Air Defense Capability" 2078:and similar (personnel strength in parentheses): 1542:Brigadier General Engineering Juha-Matti Ylitalo 1534:Chief of Finnish Defence Forces Logistics Command 262:1,155,368 males, age 16–49 (2010 est.), 6368: 3247:"Sweden and Finland formally apply to join Nato" 2894:(in Finnish) (1st ed.). Seven. p. 13. 2860:"Border surveillance - Ministry of the Interior" 2571:Finnish mortar crew during the Continuation War. 1667:career NCOs serving in the ranks from enlistee ( 1306:National Defence Training Association of Finland 276:912,983 females, age 16–49 (2010 est.) 3533:Laki vapaaehtoisesta maanpuolustuskoulutuksesta 3479:Puolustusvoimieen säästettävä yli 800 miljoonaa 2885: 2733:(in Finnish). Valtioneuvosto. 20 September 2023 2616:Military history of Finland during World War II 274:955,151 males, age 16–49 (2010 est.), 4037:Findicator - Willingness to defend the country 2338:1 Anti-aircraft missile and anti-aircraft unit 1506: 1351:Deputy Chief of Staff, Logistics and Armaments 835:weakened Soviet positions as a consequence of 814:antitank weapons walk past a destroyed Soviet 5691: 5336: 4942: 4390: 4057: 3435: 3346:"Finland orders pre-series CAVS 6x6 vehicles" 3075:Text from PD source: US Library of Congress: 3038:"Finland gears up for historic NATO decision" 2754:"Finland extends unmanned systems evaluation" 2583:Spotter from a sniper team observing targets. 1328: 1192:), which includes three logistics regiments. 48: 38: 2536: 591:becomes part of the Finnish Defence Forces. 575:. The Finnish Defence Forces consist of the 5247:Medal for Extraordinary Meritorious Service 4363:Raising the Flag on the Three-Country Cairn 3936: 3934: 3295: 2751: 2745: 2669: 2667: 608:heavily forested terrain and numerous lakes 5698: 5684: 5343: 5329: 5059:Crisis Management and Planning Directorate 4949: 4935: 4397: 4383: 4071: 4064: 4050: 3528: 3526: 3524: 2764: 1980: 1523:Military Representative to The EU and NATO 73: 4542:Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe 3750:"Front page - The Finnish Defence Forces" 3092:"Eva poll: 60% back Finland joining Nato" 2206:training of conscripts for wartime units, 1512:Rector of The National Defence University 5039:Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability 5031:Military Planning and Conduct Capability 3931: 3733:Ruotuväki 9/2004. Retrieved 11-19-2007. 3222:"Finland's parliament votes yes to NATO" 3056: 2892:1918: Kuinka vallankumous levisi Suomeen 2664: 2247:The key wartime army units in 2015 are: 2229: 2029: 1984: 1963: 1898:Combat-capable advanced trainer aircraft 1724: 1708: 1640: 1555: 1040: 822:. The lead soldier is also armed with a 805: 766: 667: 4635:Supreme Allied Commander Transformation 3521: 2908: 2836:"National defence and military service" 2695: 2110:European Union Training Mission Somalia 1604:The training of conscripts is based on 1405:Assistant Chief of Staff, Training (J7) 942:On 11 May 2022, British Prime Minister 14: 6369: 5350: 5115:Committee of Permanent Representatives 4293:Military of the Grand Duchy of Finland 2621:Military of the Grand Duchy of Finland 1517: 5679: 5324: 4930: 4378: 4261:National Defence Training Association 4045: 2881: 2879: 2636:List of equipment of the Finnish Army 2293:areas temporarily occupied by enemy. 1702:List of equipment of the Finnish Army 1615:The inhabitants of the demilitarized 1451:Brigadier General Sami-Antti Takamaa 1419:Commodore Medical Juha-Petri Ruohola 1411:Defence Command Chief of Intelligence 1057:, who is directly subordinate to the 678:Finland's declaration of independence 5705: 4871:Relationship with the European Union 2914: 2641:List of military aircraft of Finland 2296: 1047:Finnish Defence Forces military oath 67:Emblem of the Finnish Defence Forces 4235:Finnish Defence Intelligence Agency 3069: 2596:Finnish Defence Intelligence Agency 2186:Federal Emergency Management Agency 1389:Brigadier General Jarmo Vähätiitto 1381:Assistant Chief of Staff Operations 1353:Lieutenant General Mikko Heiskanen 1323: 1022:. The standard issue assault rifle 1018:armoured vehicles with the Finnish 24: 4991:Chairman of the Military Committee 4958:Common Security and Defence Policy 4910:Southeast Asia Treaty Organization 4841:Individual Partnership Action Plan 4577:Joint Support and Enabling Command 4406:North Atlantic Treaty Organization 2876: 2116:European Union Training Mission in 1950:M270 multiple launch rocket system 1495:Commander of the Finnish Air Force 1339: 1190:Puolustusvoimien logistiikkalaitos 503: 25: 6393: 5049:Intelligence and Situation Centre 4831:Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council 4004: 2990:"Germany Announces It Will Rearm" 2631:List of active Finnish Navy ships 2468:Finnish artillery crew firing an 1769:Armoured vehicle-launched bridges 1636: 1497:Major General Juha-Pekka Keränen 1457:Brigadier General Jyri Raitasalo 1449:Chief of Operations, Army Command 1439:Lieutenant General Pasi Välimäki 1363:Deputy Chief of Staff, Operations 1347:Lieutenant General Vesa Virtanen 1092:), the military branches are the 901: 726: 6382:Permanent Structured Cooperation 5268:Permanent Structured Cooperation 5120:Political and Security Committee 3990:Suomen Puolustuslaitos 1918-1939 3988:Kronlund, Jarl (project leader) 3701:new Conscription Act (1438/2007) 3270: 2576: 2564: 2552: 2528: 2512: 2493: 2477: 2461: 2445: 2425: 2400: 2190:Ministry of Emergency Situations 2171: 1678:contractual military personnel ( 1540:Deputy Manager, Logistic Command 1529:Defence Forces Logistics Command 1503:Brigadier General Timo Herranen 1469:Brigadier General Vesa Valtonen 1463:Brigadier General Ari Laaksonen 1413:Brigadier General Pekka Turunen 1407:Brigadier General Manu Tuominen 1401:Brigadier General Timo Saarinen 1369:Deputy Chief of Staff, Personnel 1345:Chief of Defence Command Finland 1182:Defence Forces Logistics Command 1176:) is under the authority of the 937:2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine 538:Problems playing this file? See 519: 455: 442: 429: 416: 403: 220: 201: 180: 138: 125: 112: 61: 5043:Joint Support Coordination Cell 4846:Istanbul Cooperation Initiative 4630:Supreme Allied Commander Europe 4625:Chair of the Military Committee 4016:Finnish Peacekeeping Operations 3982: 3953: 3874: 3849: 3820: 3796: 3772: 3742: 3717: 3678: 3651:Conscription Act (452/1950), 5§ 3639: 3625: 3601: 3579: 3548: 3502: 3487: 3472: 3457: 3411: 3387: 3362: 3338: 3314: 3289: 3264: 3239: 3214: 3189: 3178:from the original on 2022-12-10 3158: 3134: 3109: 3084: 3057:Kauranen, Anne (22 June 2022). 3050: 3030: 3016: 3002: 2982: 2962: 2948: 2939: 2852: 2752:Egozi, Arie (26 October 2011). 2125:EUNAVFOR MED - OPERATION SOPHIA 1968:M05 with parachute troops beret 1545: 1525:Lieutenant General Kim Jäämeri 1377:Brigadier General Tero Ylitalo 1357:Deputy Chief of Staff, Strategy 1036: 1012:McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet 762: 288:31,416 females (2010 est.) 5806:History of independent Finland 5089:Institute for Security Studies 5064:Security & Defence College 4881:eastward NATO expansion issues 4352:List of wars involving Finland 4011:Finnish Defence Forces website 3296:O'Dwyer, Gerard (2019-11-05). 3010:"Finland Will Strengthen NATO" 2828: 2816:(in Finnish). Yle. 18 May 2022 2806: 2792: 2723: 2681: 2606:Finnish Rapid Deployment Force 2380: 2260:6 Infantry brigades (regional) 2023:. Finland participated in two 2014:Finnish Rapid Deployment Force 1972:The main field uniform is the 771:Finnish soldier equipped with 700:, in what became known as the 659:List of wars involving Finland 13: 1: 5225:Secure Software-defined Radio 4594:Allied Command Transformation 2956:"What Finland Can Offer NATO" 2915:Ruha, Anna (1 January 2014). 2657: 2376:Battle group (coastal Jaeger) 1956:tactical ballistic missile). 1939:AGM-154 Joint Standoff Weapon 1773:Heavy mine breaching vehicles 1514:Major General Mika Kalliomaa 1478:Commander of the Finnish Navy 1437:Commander of the Finnish Army 1395:Commodore Tuomas Tiilikainen 1314:Maanpuolustuskoulutusyhdistys 845:forced Finland out of the war 810:Finnish troops equipped with 688:of the Russian Imperial Army 4537:International Military Staff 3662:Conscription Act (1438/2007) 3464:Maavoimien organisaatio 2015 2358:Territorial Forces (Finland) 2268:Territorial Forces (Finland) 1943:Joint Direct Attack Munition 1695: 1536:Major General Jari Mikkonen 1489: 1455:Commander of Karelia Brigade 1445:Major General Jukka Jokinen 1045:Finnish soldiers taking the 914:collapse of the Soviet Union 663: 549:Finnish Defence Forces (FDF) 515:Björneborgarnas marsch (MID) 7: 4826:Atlantic Treaty Association 4240:National Defence University 3963:. Finlex.fi. Archived from 3724:Asevelvollisen pitkä marssi 3686:Conscription Act (452/1950) 3442:Puolustusvoimien kokoonpano 2927:(1). University of Helsinki 2588: 2523:post during the Winter War. 2436:mortar squad equipped with 2209:dispersed mobilisation, and 2180:is based on the concept of 2025:European Union Battlegroups 2021:European Union Battlegroups 1765:Armoured personnel carriers 1507:National Defence University 1486:Commodore Jukka Anteroinen 1461:Commander of Kainuu Brigade 1387:Defence Command Chief of C5 862: 690:Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim 655:Military history of Finland 10: 6398: 6061:Government-owned companies 5732:Finland under Swedish rule 5660:Military history of Europe 4421:Animus in consulendo liber 4288:Allotment system of Sweden 2917:"Tapaus nimeltä talvisota" 2393: 2360:/ company sized (regional) 2270:/ company sized (regional) 2257:2 mechanised battle groups 2241:Helsinki metropolitan area 2054:Operation Inherent Resolve 1997:Finland has taken part in 1959: 1761:Infantry fighting vehicles 1699: 1648: 1549: 1365:Major General Kari Nisula 1329:The Finnish Defence Forces 958:On 12 May 2022, President 905: 652: 648: 252:165, 255, or 347 days term 6321: 6203: 6133: 6124: 6072:National income agreement 6041: 6032: 5943: 5934: 5828: 5819: 5764:Golden Age of Finnish Art 5717: 5652: 5612: 5359: 5260: 5234: 5220:Galileo navigation system 5212: 5186: 5164: 5143: 5102: 5072: 5018: 5009: 4968: 4891: 4816: 4643: 4612: 4604:Standardization agreement 4512: 4457: 4412: 4347:Demilitarization of Åland 4329: 4278: 4248: 4222: 4166: 4121: 4114: 4079: 3882:"In the Service Of Peace" 2537: 2505:Infantry Fighting Vehicle 2373:3 Battle groups (coastal) 2364: 2305: 2043:Armored Personnel Carrier 2012:has trained parts of the 1849:Multiple rocket launchers 1608:-principle (lit. English 1501:Chief of Staff, Air Force 1467:Commander of Pori Brigade 1371:Major General Rami Saari 1359:Major General Sami Nurmi 1059:President of the Republic 987: 869:Allied Control Commission 487: 482: 471: 395: 361: 354: 341: 328: 323: 313: 303: 292: 286:32,599 males (2010 est.), 280: 268: 256: 246: 238: 233: 213: 192: 173: 166: 154: 102: 84: 72: 60: 37: 32: 5948:Administrative divisions 4876:Relationship with Russia 4587:SHAPE International Band 3861:Defenseindustrydaily.com 3699:) and in §§49–50 of the 3494:Perustietoa merivoimista 3078:A Country Study: Finland 2840:The Finnish Border Guard 2334:Special jaeger battalion 2276:Special Jaeger battalion 1948:Finland has updated its 1841:Self-propelled artillery 1818:Anti-tank guided missile 1480:Rear Admiral Jori Harju 1178:Ministry of the Interior 851:being very significant. 785:invaded in November 1939 680:on 6 December 1917, the 638:aircraft in 2026 by the 79:Military flag of Finland 5779:Finland in World War II 5769:Independence of Finland 5125:Politico-Military Group 5021:External Action Service 5001:Foreign Affairs Council 4106:List of senior officers 3573:. Retrieved 2015-12-28. 2543:assault gun during the 2370:2 Battle groups (fleet) 2325:Mechanized battlegroups 1981:Peacekeeping operations 1802:Anti-aircraft artillery 1717:battle tank on parade, 1552:Conscription in Finland 1472: 1431: 1393:Chief of Personnel (J1) 1383:Commodore Janne Huusko 1336:General Janne Jaakkola 1170:Gränsbevakningsväsendet 849:Battle of Tali-Ihantala 820:Battle of Tali-Ihantala 296:24,000 (2023), 280,000 90:; 106 years ago 27:Armed forces of Finland 5399:Bosnia and Herzegovina 4836:Mediterranean Dialogue 4818:Multilateral relations 4599:Parliamentary Assembly 4073:Finnish Defence Forces 3992:, Porvoo: WSOY, 1988, 2601:Finnish military ranks 2389:4 Main operating bases 2329:1 Helicopter battalion 2236: 2087:Bosnia and Herzegovina 2046: 1994: 1969: 1919:25 + 14 (Border Guard) 1880:and unknown amount of 1793:surface-to-air missile 1734: 1722: 1651:Finnish military ranks 1646: 1561: 1425:Jukka Pekka Asikainen 1313: 1298: 1286: 1263: 1258:), and Naval Academy ( 1255: 1247: 1235: 1223: 1208: 1200: 1189: 1169: 1161: 1149: 1141: 1129: 1121: 1109: 1101: 1089: 1081: 1050: 946:and Finnish President 908:Finland–NATO relations 830:Finland fought in the 827: 780: 673: 564: 556: 508: 494:Finnish military ranks 49: 39: 33:Finnish Defence Forces 5305:Berlin Plus agreement 5252:Monitor mission medal 4866:Partnership for Peace 4504:.nato Internet domain 4467:North Atlantic Treaty 3647:Parliament of Finland 2233: 2200:general conscription, 2033: 1988: 1967: 1728: 1712: 1669:sotilasammattihenkilö 1644: 1559: 1044: 1008:Lockheed Martin F-35A 969:Parliament of Finland 809: 793:Battle of Suomussalmi 770: 671: 507: 18:Finnish Defence Force 6309:World Heritage Sites 4856:NATO global partners 4492:potential withdrawal 4256:Finnish Border Guard 4091:President of Finland 3673:Both laws in Finnish 3554:Hyppönen, H. (2015) 2814:"Maanpuolustustahto" 2420:of the Finnish Navy. 2342:Territorial forces: 2273:Helicopter battalion 2251:3 Readiness brigades 2203:territorial defence, 1626:non-military service 1484:Chief of Staff, Navy 1443:Chief of Staff, Army 837:Operation Barbarossa 787:, the Finns, led by 773:Lahti-Saloranta M-26 600:non-military service 589:Finnish Border Guard 88:25 January 1918 6377:Military of Finland 5614:States with limited 5296:Kortenberg building 5290:Intelligence School 5199:Everything but Arms 5146:European Commission 5107:preparatory bodies 4976:High Representative 4851:Major non-NATO ally 4532:International Staff 4174:Ministry of Defence 4096:Minister of Defence 3910:"Rauhanturvaajille" 3635:. 26 November 2021. 3399:Puolustusministeriö 3326:Puolustusministeriö 2998:. 27 February 2022. 2677:. 17 February 2017. 2386:3 fighter squadrons 1622:Jehovah's Witnesses 1518:Special Assignments 1067:Minister of Defence 962:and Prime Minister 801:Moscow Peace Treaty 713:Volunteer Campaigns 195:Minister of Defence 6102:Telecommunications 5742:Great Northern War 5274:Headline Goal 2010 5130:Military Committee 4499:Opposition to NATO 4321:War in Afghanistan 4266:Territorial Forces 4087:Commander-in-chief 3946:2016-01-19 at the 3914:Puolustusvoimat.fi 3729:2008-05-06 at the 3706:2015-10-17 at the 3691:2007-12-20 at the 3667:2015-10-17 at the 3656:2007-12-20 at the 3613:puolustusvoimat.fi 3591:2016-02-16 at the 3561:2016-01-19 at the 3538:2016-01-19 at the 3514:2016-01-19 at the 3447:2016-01-19 at the 2710:Puolustusvoimat.fi 2626:Nordic Battlegroup 2519:Finnish troops at 2313:readiness brigades 2237: 2188:(FEMA) or Russian 2097:OPERATION ATALANTA 2076:military observers 2047: 2038:troops with their 1995: 1970: 1910:Transport aircraft 1735: 1729:Finnish Air Force 1723: 1647: 1562: 1399:Chief of Logistics 1318:Finnish Government 1248:Uudenmaan Prikaati 1051: 930:Nordic Battlegroup 926:War in Afghanistan 828: 789:Marshal Mannerheim 781: 686:Lieutenant General 674: 640:HX Fighter Program 587:. In wartime, the 509: 362:Domestic suppliers 315:Deployed personnel 6364: 6363: 6317: 6316: 6120: 6119: 6028: 6027: 6010:Political parties 5963:Foreign relations 5930: 5929: 5673: 5672: 5318: 5317: 5309:Joint Declaration 5284:Military Mobility 5194:Security Strategy 5182: 5181: 4924: 4923: 4620:Secretary General 4522:NATO headquarters 4482:List of exercises 4372: 4371: 4298:Finnish Civil War 4274: 4273: 4153:list of equipment 4143:list of equipment 4129:Finnish Air Force 3571:978-951-25-2707-6 3350:shephardmedia.com 2901:978-951-1-33597-9 2418:fast attack craft 2348:infantry brigades 2297:Key wartime units 2254:2 Jaeger brigades 2178:military doctrine 1928: 1927: 1823:Recoilless rifles 1749:Main battle tanks 1586:second lieutenant 1375:Chief of Planning 1291:Air Force Academy 1172:) (including the 1134:Finnish Air Force 783:When the Soviets 702:Finnish Civil War 585:Finnish Air Force 525: 499: 498: 396:Foreign suppliers 305:Reserve personnel 281:Reaching military 239:Military age 146:Finnish Air Force 16:(Redirected from 6389: 6344: 6337: 6330: 6292:Independence Day 6282:National symbols 6131: 6130: 6039: 6038: 5941: 5940: 5833:Cities and towns 5826: 5825: 5811:Military history 5789:Continuation War 5700: 5693: 5686: 5677: 5676: 5361:Sovereign states 5345: 5338: 5331: 5322: 5321: 5279:Military Erasmus 5094:Satellite Centre 5016: 5015: 4996:European Council 4951: 4944: 4937: 4928: 4927: 4861:Open door policy 4557:Maritime Command 4399: 4392: 4385: 4376: 4375: 4311:Continuation War 4201:Plans and Policy 4133:list of aircraft 4119: 4118: 4101:Chief of Defence 4066: 4059: 4052: 4043: 4042: 3976: 3975: 3973: 3972: 3957: 3951: 3938: 3929: 3928: 3926: 3925: 3916:. 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Following the 841:Soviet offensive 832:Continuation War 527: 526: 506: 483:Related articles 478: 461: 459: 458: 448: 446: 445: 435: 433: 432: 422: 420: 419: 409: 407: 406: 350: 337: 299: 293:Active personnel 271:military service 259:military service 225: 224: 223: 215:Chief of Defence 206: 205: 204: 197: 185: 184: 183: 162: 160:Official website 144: 142: 141: 131: 129: 128: 118: 116: 115: 104:Service branches 98: 96: 91: 77: 65: 56: 52: 46: 42: 30: 29: 21: 6397: 6396: 6392: 6391: 6390: 6388: 6387: 6386: 6367: 6366: 6365: 6360: 6347: 6340: 6333: 6326: 6313: 6287:Public holidays 6199: 6116: 6024: 5988:Law enforcement 5926: 5815: 5747:The Great Wrath 5713: 5704: 5674: 5669: 5648: 5634:Northern Cyprus 5615: 5608: 5524:North Macedonia 5355: 5349: 5319: 5314: 5256: 5230: 5208: 5178: 5160: 5139: 5098: 5068: 5005: 4964: 4955: 4925: 4920: 4887: 4812: 4753:North Macedonia 4639: 4608: 4508: 4453: 4408: 4403: 4373: 4368: 4325: 4270: 4244: 4218: 4179:Defence Command 4162: 4110: 4075: 4070: 4007: 3985: 3980: 3979: 3970: 3968: 3959: 3958: 3954: 3948:Wayback Machine 3939: 3932: 3923: 3921: 3908: 3907: 3900: 3890: 3888: 3880: 3879: 3875: 3865: 3863: 3855: 3854: 3850: 3841: 3839: 3826: 3825: 3821: 3812: 3810: 3802: 3801: 3797: 3788: 3786: 3784:Puolustusvoimat 3778: 3777: 3773: 3763: 3761: 3748: 3747: 3743: 3734: 3731:Wayback Machine 3722: 3718: 3711: 3708:Wayback Machine 3696: 3693:Wayback Machine 3683: 3679: 3669:Wayback Machine 3660:and in the new 3658:Wayback Machine 3644: 3640: 3631: 3630: 3626: 3617: 3615: 3607: 3606: 3602: 3596: 3593:Wayback Machine 3584: 3580: 3574: 3563:Wayback Machine 3553: 3549: 3543: 3540:Wayback Machine 3531: 3522: 3516:Wayback Machine 3509:Air Force Units 3507: 3503: 3497: 3492: 3488: 3482: 3477: 3473: 3467: 3462: 3458: 3452: 3449:Wayback Machine 3440: 3436: 3427: 3425: 3423:Puolustusvoimat 3417: 3416: 3412: 3403: 3401: 3393: 3392: 3388: 3379: 3377: 3368: 3367: 3363: 3354: 3352: 3344: 3343: 3339: 3330: 3328: 3320: 3319: 3315: 3306: 3304: 3294: 3290: 3281: 3279: 3269: 3265: 3256: 3254: 3245: 3244: 3240: 3231: 3229: 3220: 3219: 3215: 3206: 3204: 3195: 3194: 3190: 3181: 3179: 3172:Financial Times 3164: 3163: 3159: 3150: 3148: 3140: 3139: 3135: 3126: 3124: 3115: 3114: 3110: 3101: 3099: 3090: 3089: 3085: 3074: 3070: 3055: 3051: 3036: 3035: 3031: 3022: 3021: 3017: 3008: 3007: 3003: 2995:National Review 2988: 2987: 2983: 2968: 2967: 2963: 2954: 2953: 2949: 2944: 2940: 2930: 2928: 2913: 2909: 2902: 2889: 2887: 2884: 2877: 2868: 2866: 2858: 2857: 2853: 2844: 2842: 2834: 2833: 2829: 2819: 2817: 2812: 2811: 2807: 2798: 2797: 2793: 2783: 2781: 2774: 2770: 2769: 2765: 2750: 2746: 2736: 2734: 2729: 2728: 2724: 2714: 2712: 2705: 2701: 2700: 2696: 2687: 2686: 2682: 2673: 2672: 2665: 2660: 2655: 2591: 2584: 2581: 2572: 2569: 2560: 2557: 2548: 2533: 2524: 2517: 2508: 2498: 2489: 2482: 2473: 2466: 2457: 2450: 2441: 2440:assault rifles. 2430: 2421: 2405: 2396: 2383: 2367: 2319:Jaeger brigades 2308: 2299: 2174: 2008:Since 1996 the 1983: 1962: 1924: 1922: 1920: 1918: 1916: 1908: 1904: 1900: 1896: 1888: 1861: 1859: 1857: 1855: 1847: 1843: 1839: 1831: 1829: 1821: 1812: 1810: 1808: 1800: 1796: 1786: 1784: 1782: 1780: 1775: 1771: 1767: 1763: 1755: 1704: 1698: 1653: 1639: 1554: 1548: 1531: 1520: 1509: 1492: 1475: 1434: 1428: 1342: 1340:Defence Command 1331: 1326: 1228:Coastal Brigade 1074:Defence Command 1072:Apart from the 1039: 1010:to replace all 990: 920:The end of the 910: 904: 886:Finnish Lapland 873:Treaty of Paris 865: 765: 753:Sotakorkeakoulu 729: 717:Treaty of Tartu 666: 661: 651: 594:Universal male 557:Puolustusvoimat 545: 544: 536: 534: 533: 532: 531: 528: 520: 517: 510: 504: 476: 467: 456: 454: 443: 441: 430: 428: 417: 415: 404: 402: 391: 348: 335: 297: 287: 282: 275: 270: 263: 258: 221: 219: 202: 200: 193: 187:Alexander Stubb 181: 179: 158: 150: 139: 137: 126: 124: 113: 111: 94: 92: 89: 80: 68: 54: 47: 44: 40:Puolustusvoimat 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6395: 6385: 6384: 6379: 6362: 6361: 6359: 6358: 6353: 6346: 6345: 6338: 6331: 6323: 6322: 6319: 6318: 6315: 6314: 6312: 6311: 6306: 6301: 6296: 6295: 6294: 6284: 6279: 6274: 6269: 6264: 6263: 6262: 6250: 6245: 6240: 6235: 6230: 6225: 6220: 6215: 6209: 6207: 6201: 6200: 6198: 6197: 6195:Welfare system 6192: 6187: 6186: 6185: 6180: 6170: 6165: 6160: 6155: 6150: 6148:Climate change 6145: 6140: 6134: 6128: 6122: 6121: 6118: 6117: 6115: 6114: 6109: 6104: 6099: 6094: 6092:Stock exchange 6089: 6084: 6079: 6074: 6069: 6063: 6058: 6053: 6048: 6042: 6036: 6030: 6029: 6026: 6025: 6023: 6022: 6020:Prime Minister 6017: 6012: 6007: 6002: 6001: 6000: 5990: 5985: 5980: 5975: 5970: 5965: 5960: 5955: 5950: 5944: 5938: 5932: 5931: 5928: 5927: 5925: 5924: 5919: 5918: 5917: 5912: 5907: 5902: 5897: 5887: 5882: 5881: 5880: 5870: 5865: 5863:National parks 5860: 5858:Municipalities 5855: 5850: 5845: 5840: 5838:Extreme points 5835: 5829: 5823: 5817: 5816: 5814: 5813: 5808: 5803: 5801:Finlandization 5798: 5797: 5796: 5791: 5786: 5776: 5771: 5766: 5761: 5756: 5751: 5750: 5749: 5739: 5734: 5729: 5723: 5721: 5715: 5714: 5703: 5702: 5695: 5688: 5680: 5671: 5670: 5668: 5667: 5662: 5656: 5654: 5650: 5649: 5647: 5646: 5641: 5636: 5631: 5626: 5620: 5618: 5610: 5609: 5607: 5606: 5601: 5599:United Kingdom 5596: 5591: 5586: 5581: 5576: 5571: 5566: 5561: 5556: 5551: 5546: 5541: 5536: 5531: 5526: 5521: 5516: 5511: 5506: 5501: 5496: 5491: 5486: 5481: 5476: 5471: 5466: 5461: 5456: 5451: 5446: 5441: 5436: 5431: 5426: 5421: 5419:Czech Republic 5416: 5411: 5406: 5401: 5396: 5391: 5386: 5381: 5376: 5371: 5365: 5363: 5357: 5356: 5348: 5347: 5340: 5333: 5325: 5316: 5315: 5313: 5312: 5301:NATO relations 5298: 5293: 5287: 5281: 5276: 5271: 5264: 5262: 5258: 5257: 5255: 5254: 5249: 5244: 5238: 5236: 5232: 5231: 5229: 5228: 5222: 5216: 5214: 5210: 5209: 5207: 5206: 5201: 5196: 5190: 5188: 5184: 5183: 5180: 5179: 5177: 5176: 5170: 5168: 5162: 5161: 5159: 5158: 5152: 5150: 5141: 5140: 5138: 5137: 5132: 5127: 5122: 5117: 5111: 5109: 5100: 5099: 5097: 5096: 5091: 5086: 5084:Defence Agency 5080: 5078: 5070: 5069: 5067: 5066: 5061: 5056: 5046: 5035:Military Staff 5026: 5024: 5013: 5007: 5006: 5004: 5003: 4998: 4993: 4988: 4983: 4978: 4972: 4970: 4966: 4965: 4962:European Union 4954: 4953: 4946: 4939: 4931: 4922: 4921: 4919: 4918: 4913: 4907: 4902: 4895: 4893: 4889: 4888: 4886: 4885: 4884: 4883: 4873: 4868: 4863: 4858: 4853: 4848: 4843: 4838: 4833: 4828: 4822: 4820: 4814: 4813: 4811: 4810: 4805: 4803:United Kingdom 4800: 4795: 4790: 4785: 4780: 4775: 4770: 4765: 4760: 4755: 4750: 4745: 4740: 4735: 4730: 4725: 4720: 4715: 4710: 4705: 4700: 4695: 4690: 4685: 4680: 4678:Czech Republic 4675: 4670: 4665: 4660: 4655: 4649: 4647: 4641: 4640: 4638: 4637: 4632: 4627: 4622: 4616: 4614: 4610: 4609: 4607: 4606: 4601: 4596: 4591: 4590: 4589: 4584: 4579: 4574: 4569: 4564: 4559: 4554: 4549: 4539: 4534: 4529: 4524: 4518: 4516: 4510: 4509: 4507: 4506: 4501: 4496: 4495: 4494: 4484: 4479: 4474: 4469: 4463: 4461: 4455: 4454: 4452: 4451: 4446: 4441: 4436: 4429: 4424: 4416: 4414: 4410: 4409: 4402: 4401: 4394: 4387: 4379: 4370: 4369: 4367: 4366: 4359: 4357:Military ranks 4354: 4349: 4344: 4339: 4333: 4331: 4327: 4326: 4324: 4323: 4318: 4300: 4295: 4290: 4284: 4282: 4276: 4275: 4272: 4271: 4269: 4268: 4263: 4258: 4252: 4250: 4246: 4245: 4243: 4242: 4237: 4232: 4226: 4224: 4220: 4219: 4217: 4216: 4176: 4170: 4168: 4164: 4163: 4161: 4160: 4146: 4136: 4125: 4123: 4116: 4112: 4111: 4109: 4108: 4103: 4098: 4093: 4083: 4081: 4077: 4076: 4069: 4068: 4061: 4054: 4046: 4040: 4039: 4034: 4029: 4024: 4018: 4013: 4006: 4005:External links 4003: 4002: 4001: 3984: 3981: 3978: 3977: 3952: 3930: 3898: 3873: 3848: 3819: 3795: 3771: 3741: 3716: 3677: 3638: 3624: 3600: 3578: 3547: 3520: 3501: 3486: 3471: 3456: 3434: 3410: 3386: 3361: 3337: 3313: 3288: 3263: 3238: 3213: 3188: 3174:. 2022-05-05. 3157: 3133: 3108: 3083: 3068: 3049: 3029: 3015: 3001: 2981: 2975:Deutsche Welle 2961: 2947: 2938: 2923:(in Finnish). 2907: 2900: 2890:Risto (2018). 2888:Volanen, Lasse 2875: 2864:Sisäministeriö 2851: 2827: 2805: 2791: 2763: 2744: 2722: 2694: 2680: 2662: 2661: 2659: 2656: 2654: 2653: 2648: 2643: 2638: 2633: 2628: 2623: 2618: 2613: 2611:Hybrid warfare 2608: 2603: 2598: 2592: 2590: 2587: 2586: 2585: 2582: 2575: 2573: 2570: 2563: 2561: 2558: 2551: 2549: 2534: 2527: 2525: 2518: 2511: 2509: 2499: 2492: 2490: 2483: 2476: 2474: 2467: 2460: 2458: 2451: 2444: 2442: 2431: 2424: 2422: 2406: 2399: 2395: 2392: 2391: 2390: 2387: 2382: 2379: 2378: 2377: 2374: 2371: 2366: 2363: 2362: 2361: 2354: 2351: 2340: 2339: 2336: 2330: 2327: 2321: 2315: 2307: 2304: 2298: 2295: 2278: 2277: 2274: 2271: 2264: 2261: 2258: 2255: 2252: 2228: 2227: 2224: 2221: 2214: 2213: 2210: 2207: 2204: 2201: 2173: 2170: 2169: 2168: 2158: 2144: 2138: 2128: 2122: 2113: 2107: 2090: 2072: 2071: 2061: 1991:EUFOR RD Congo 1982: 1979: 1961: 1958: 1926: 1925: 1914: 1912: 1890: 1889: 1871: 1869: 1867:Assault rifles 1863: 1862: 1853: 1851: 1833: 1832: 1827: 1825: 1814: 1813: 1806: 1804: 1788: 1787: 1778: 1776: 1757: 1756: 1753: 1751: 1745: 1744: 1741: 1700:Main article: 1697: 1694: 1687: 1686: 1683: 1680:sopimussotilas 1676: 1673:sotilasmestari 1665: 1649:Main article: 1638: 1637:Military ranks 1635: 1630:were permitted 1606:joukkotuotanto 1574:lance corporal 1550:Main article: 1547: 1544: 1530: 1527: 1519: 1516: 1508: 1505: 1491: 1488: 1474: 1471: 1433: 1430: 1341: 1338: 1330: 1327: 1325: 1322: 1256:Nylands Brigad 1240:Nyland Brigade 1063:Prime Minister 1038: 1035: 989: 986: 960:Sauli Niinistö 953:NATO Article 5 948:Sauli Niinistö 903: 902:Recent history 900: 896:Czechoslovakia 864: 861: 764: 761: 728: 727:Interwar years 725: 709:Finnish Jägers 665: 662: 650: 647: 565:Försvarsmakten 535: 529: 518: 513: 512: 511: 502: 501: 500: 497: 496: 491: 485: 484: 480: 479: 473: 472:Annual exports 469: 468: 466: 465: 452: 439: 426: 413: 399: 397: 393: 392: 390: 389: 384: 379: 376: 371: 365: 363: 359: 358: 352: 351: 345: 343:Percent of GDP 339: 338: 332: 326: 325: 321: 320: 317: 311: 310: 307: 301: 300: 294: 290: 289: 284: 278: 277: 272: 266: 265: 260: 254: 253: 250: 244: 243: 240: 236: 235: 231: 230: 228:Janne Jaakkola 217: 211: 210: 208:Antti Häkkänen 198: 190: 189: 177: 171: 170: 164: 163: 156: 152: 151: 149: 148: 135: 122: 108: 106: 100: 99: 86: 82: 81: 78: 70: 69: 66: 58: 57: 50:Försvarsmakten 35: 34: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6394: 6383: 6380: 6378: 6375: 6374: 6372: 6357: 6354: 6352: 6349: 6348: 6343: 6339: 6336: 6332: 6329: 6325: 6324: 6320: 6310: 6307: 6305: 6302: 6300: 6297: 6293: 6290: 6289: 6288: 6285: 6283: 6280: 6278: 6275: 6273: 6270: 6268: 6265: 6261: 6260: 6256: 6255: 6254: 6251: 6249: 6246: 6244: 6241: 6239: 6236: 6234: 6231: 6229: 6226: 6224: 6221: 6219: 6216: 6214: 6211: 6210: 6208: 6206: 6202: 6196: 6193: 6191: 6188: 6184: 6181: 6179: 6176: 6175: 6174: 6171: 6169: 6166: 6164: 6161: 6159: 6156: 6154: 6151: 6149: 6146: 6144: 6141: 6139: 6136: 6135: 6132: 6129: 6127: 6123: 6113: 6110: 6108: 6105: 6103: 6100: 6098: 6095: 6093: 6090: 6088: 6085: 6083: 6082:Ship-building 6080: 6078: 6075: 6073: 6070: 6068: 6064: 6062: 6059: 6057: 6054: 6052: 6049: 6047: 6044: 6043: 6040: 6037: 6035: 6031: 6021: 6018: 6016: 6013: 6011: 6008: 6006: 6003: 5999: 5996: 5995: 5994: 5991: 5989: 5986: 5984: 5981: 5979: 5976: 5974: 5971: 5969: 5966: 5964: 5961: 5959: 5956: 5954: 5951: 5949: 5946: 5945: 5942: 5939: 5937: 5933: 5923: 5920: 5916: 5913: 5911: 5908: 5906: 5903: 5901: 5898: 5896: 5893: 5892: 5891: 5888: 5886: 5883: 5879: 5876: 5875: 5874: 5871: 5869: 5866: 5864: 5861: 5859: 5856: 5854: 5851: 5849: 5846: 5844: 5841: 5839: 5836: 5834: 5831: 5830: 5827: 5824: 5822: 5818: 5812: 5809: 5807: 5804: 5802: 5799: 5795: 5792: 5790: 5787: 5785: 5782: 5781: 5780: 5777: 5775: 5772: 5770: 5767: 5765: 5762: 5760: 5757: 5755: 5752: 5748: 5745: 5744: 5743: 5740: 5738: 5735: 5733: 5730: 5728: 5725: 5724: 5722: 5720: 5716: 5712: 5708: 5701: 5696: 5694: 5689: 5687: 5682: 5681: 5678: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5657: 5655: 5651: 5645: 5642: 5640: 5639:South Ossetia 5637: 5635: 5632: 5630: 5627: 5625: 5622: 5621: 5619: 5617: 5611: 5605: 5602: 5600: 5597: 5595: 5592: 5590: 5587: 5585: 5582: 5580: 5577: 5575: 5572: 5570: 5567: 5565: 5562: 5560: 5557: 5555: 5552: 5550: 5547: 5545: 5542: 5540: 5537: 5535: 5532: 5530: 5527: 5525: 5522: 5520: 5517: 5515: 5512: 5510: 5507: 5505: 5502: 5500: 5497: 5495: 5492: 5490: 5487: 5485: 5482: 5480: 5477: 5475: 5472: 5470: 5467: 5465: 5462: 5460: 5457: 5455: 5452: 5450: 5447: 5445: 5442: 5440: 5437: 5435: 5432: 5430: 5427: 5425: 5422: 5420: 5417: 5415: 5412: 5410: 5407: 5405: 5402: 5400: 5397: 5395: 5392: 5390: 5387: 5385: 5382: 5380: 5377: 5375: 5372: 5370: 5367: 5366: 5364: 5362: 5358: 5353: 5346: 5341: 5339: 5334: 5332: 5327: 5326: 5323: 5310: 5306: 5302: 5299: 5297: 5294: 5291: 5288: 5285: 5282: 5280: 5277: 5275: 5272: 5269: 5266: 5265: 5263: 5259: 5253: 5250: 5248: 5245: 5243: 5242:Service medal 5240: 5239: 5237: 5233: 5226: 5223: 5221: 5218: 5217: 5215: 5211: 5205: 5204:Annual Review 5202: 5200: 5197: 5195: 5192: 5191: 5189: 5185: 5175: 5172: 5171: 5169: 5167: 5163: 5157: 5154: 5153: 5151: 5149: 5147: 5142: 5136: 5133: 5131: 5128: 5126: 5123: 5121: 5118: 5116: 5113: 5112: 5110: 5108: 5106: 5101: 5095: 5092: 5090: 5087: 5085: 5082: 5081: 5079: 5077: 5076: 5071: 5065: 5062: 5060: 5057: 5054: 5053:Club de Berne 5050: 5047: 5044: 5040: 5036: 5032: 5028: 5027: 5025: 5023: 5022: 5017: 5014: 5012: 5008: 5002: 4999: 4997: 4994: 4992: 4989: 4987: 4984: 4982: 4979: 4977: 4974: 4973: 4971: 4967: 4963: 4959: 4952: 4947: 4945: 4940: 4938: 4933: 4932: 4929: 4917: 4914: 4911: 4908: 4906: 4903: 4900: 4897: 4896: 4894: 4890: 4882: 4879: 4878: 4877: 4874: 4872: 4869: 4867: 4864: 4862: 4859: 4857: 4854: 4852: 4849: 4847: 4844: 4842: 4839: 4837: 4834: 4832: 4829: 4827: 4824: 4823: 4821: 4819: 4815: 4809: 4808:United States 4806: 4804: 4801: 4799: 4796: 4794: 4791: 4789: 4786: 4784: 4781: 4779: 4776: 4774: 4771: 4769: 4766: 4764: 4761: 4759: 4756: 4754: 4751: 4749: 4746: 4744: 4741: 4739: 4736: 4734: 4731: 4729: 4726: 4724: 4721: 4719: 4716: 4714: 4711: 4709: 4706: 4704: 4701: 4699: 4696: 4694: 4691: 4689: 4686: 4684: 4681: 4679: 4676: 4674: 4671: 4669: 4666: 4664: 4661: 4659: 4656: 4654: 4651: 4650: 4648: 4646: 4642: 4636: 4633: 4631: 4628: 4626: 4623: 4621: 4618: 4617: 4615: 4611: 4605: 4602: 4600: 4597: 4595: 4592: 4588: 4585: 4583: 4580: 4578: 4575: 4573: 4570: 4568: 4565: 4563: 4560: 4558: 4555: 4553: 4550: 4548: 4545: 4544: 4543: 4540: 4538: 4535: 4533: 4530: 4528: 4525: 4523: 4520: 4519: 4517: 4515: 4511: 4505: 4502: 4500: 4497: 4493: 4490: 4489: 4488: 4485: 4483: 4480: 4478: 4475: 4473: 4470: 4468: 4465: 4464: 4462: 4460: 4456: 4450: 4447: 4445: 4442: 4440: 4437: 4434: 4433:The NATO Hymn 4430: 4428: 4425: 4423: 4422: 4418: 4417: 4415: 4411: 4407: 4400: 4395: 4393: 4388: 4386: 4381: 4380: 4377: 4365: 4364: 4360: 4358: 4355: 4353: 4350: 4348: 4345: 4343: 4340: 4338: 4337:Civil defence 4335: 4334: 4332: 4328: 4322: 4319: 4316: 4312: 4308: 4304: 4301: 4299: 4296: 4294: 4291: 4289: 4286: 4285: 4283: 4281: 4277: 4267: 4264: 4262: 4259: 4257: 4254: 4253: 4251: 4247: 4241: 4238: 4236: 4233: 4231: 4228: 4227: 4225: 4221: 4214: 4210: 4206: 4202: 4198: 4194: 4190: 4189: 4184: 4180: 4177: 4175: 4172: 4171: 4169: 4165: 4158: 4157:list of ships 4154: 4150: 4147: 4144: 4140: 4137: 4134: 4130: 4127: 4126: 4124: 4120: 4117: 4113: 4107: 4104: 4102: 4099: 4097: 4094: 4092: 4088: 4085: 4084: 4082: 4078: 4074: 4067: 4062: 4060: 4055: 4053: 4048: 4047: 4044: 4038: 4035: 4033: 4030: 4028: 4025: 4022: 4019: 4017: 4014: 4012: 4009: 4008: 3999: 3998:951-0-14799-0 3995: 3991: 3987: 3986: 3967:on 2015-03-30 3966: 3962: 3956: 3949: 3945: 3942: 3937: 3935: 3920:on 2016-01-19 3919: 3915: 3911: 3905: 3903: 3887: 3883: 3877: 3862: 3858: 3852: 3838:on 2022-06-30 3837: 3833: 3829: 3823: 3809: 3805: 3799: 3785: 3781: 3775: 3760:on 5 May 2010 3759: 3755: 3751: 3745: 3739: 3732: 3728: 3725: 3720: 3709: 3705: 3702: 3694: 3690: 3687: 3681: 3674: 3670: 3666: 3663: 3659: 3655: 3652: 3648: 3642: 3634: 3628: 3614: 3610: 3604: 3594: 3590: 3587: 3582: 3572: 3568: 3564: 3560: 3557: 3551: 3541: 3537: 3534: 3529: 3527: 3525: 3517: 3513: 3510: 3505: 3495: 3490: 3480: 3475: 3465: 3460: 3450: 3446: 3443: 3438: 3424: 3420: 3414: 3400: 3396: 3390: 3375: 3371: 3365: 3351: 3347: 3341: 3327: 3323: 3317: 3303: 3299: 3292: 3278: 3274: 3267: 3252: 3248: 3242: 3227: 3223: 3217: 3202: 3198: 3192: 3177: 3173: 3168: 3161: 3147: 3143: 3137: 3122: 3118: 3112: 3097: 3093: 3087: 3080: 3079: 3072: 3064: 3060: 3053: 3045: 3044: 3039: 3033: 3025: 3019: 3011: 3005: 2997: 2996: 2991: 2985: 2977: 2976: 2971: 2965: 2957: 2951: 2942: 2926: 2922: 2918: 2911: 2903: 2897: 2893: 2882: 2880: 2865: 2861: 2855: 2841: 2837: 2831: 2815: 2809: 2801: 2795: 2780: 2773: 2767: 2759: 2755: 2748: 2732: 2726: 2711: 2704: 2698: 2690: 2684: 2676: 2670: 2668: 2663: 2652: 2651:Total defence 2649: 2647: 2644: 2642: 2639: 2637: 2634: 2632: 2629: 2627: 2624: 2622: 2619: 2617: 2614: 2612: 2609: 2607: 2604: 2602: 2599: 2597: 2594: 2593: 2579: 2574: 2567: 2562: 2555: 2550: 2546: 2540: 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