656:
672:
504:
53:
570:, John Doukas's son. The news reached Constantinople a few days later, causing much shock in the populace. On 1 October the Senate declared Romanos IV deposed and proclaimed Eudokia and Michael VII as joint rulers. Some sources state that Eudokia was already planning on deposing her husband, but this is very unlikely. The new regime only lasted one month, when Eudokia's opposition became strong enough to depose her, especially after news of Romanos release arrived at the capital. Michael VII was then proclaimed sole
1939:
634:). It is prefaced by an address to her husband, Romanos Diogenes, and the work is described as "a collection of genealogies of gods, heroes, and heroines, of their metamorphoses, and of the fables and stories respecting them found in the ancients; containing also notices of various philosophers". However, the book is now thought to be a modern (16th-century) compilation, falsely attributed to Eudokia, and compiled by the counterfeiter
1969:
528:, was also made co-emperor by Romanos IV, although he had been excluded from power by his own father, mother, and brothers. He was probably crowned too in 1068, although he is ignored by contemporary chronicles. Contemporary coinage seems to depict Romanos as inferior to Michael and his brothers, and thus inferior to the empress. He is sometimes not even called "emperor", as some
688:
607:, Eudokia was recalled to Constantinople by the new emperor, who offered to marry her. This plan did not come to pass, mainly due to the opposition of John Doukas, who returned to power after Nikephoritzes's exile. However, Nikephoros still sent her many rewards and gifts of gratitude. Her date of death is unknown, but it was sometime after the accession of
460:, Eudokia "succeeded as supreme ruler, she did not hand over the government to others... she assumed control of the whole administration in person. Michael VII was "already long past his boyhood" by this time, but nevertheless "left the whole administration to his mother". Some authors argue that he had some type of mental disability.
472:). Some inscriptions of 1067 ascribe the masculine title Emperor to her. On a tetarteron probably of late 1067, the inscription reads 'Eudokia and Michael, emperors', and on a seal, probably dated between May and December 1067, the inscription reads 'Eudokia, Michael and Constantios, emperors of the Romaioi'.
499:
in preparation for his coronation. However, they still needed the approval of the patriarch of
Constantinople. According to some sources, Eudokia tricked John VIII into believing that she would marry one of his brothers. John VIII accepted the offer and canceled the oath. The marriage and imperial
483:, a general who had great popularity with the army. This decision was quite controversial, as Romanos had been accused of conspiring with the Hungarians shortly before Constantine X's death. Eudokia hoped that his skills and leadership would stop the advance of the
546:
for
Eudokia. According to Michael Psellos, she explicitly referred to him as "a subject, not a ruler." Romanos IV, however, soon started to act independently of her, even starting to resent her. Discontent was also shared by a faction of the Senate and army, with
463:
Her status as a ruler is reflected in her coinage and public iconography. For example, she sometimes appeared on silver and copper coins without her sons, which was very unusual. One inscription on a silver reliquary calls her "Great
Empress of the Romans"
655:
671:
441:
as co-regents. Eudokia was meant to only take care of
Michael and Konstantios, but Constantine knew that she had larger ambitions. Constantine died the next year, on 23 May 1067.
1954:
347:
Because she essentially ruled in her own right during her sole regencies and retained the title of empress, several modern scholars consider
Eudokia to have been
367:, whose sister had married Makrembolites. John, who belonged to the aristocracy of Constantinople, allied with Cerularius in 1040 to conspire against Emperor
1983:
1608:
592:
who had also been exiled, to restore
Romanos IV and depose John Doukas. However, Doukas soon fell from grace as a result of the schemes of eunuch
812:
One chronicle states that their joint rule began on 1 October and that it lasted "one month". Schreiner dates
Eudokia's fall to 1 November.
1959:
687:
4400:
4222:
3477:
567:
289:
2096:
384:
428:, who was crowned before his brother Michael, and an other daughter, Zoe. When Constantine fell ill in October 1066, he appointed
4420:
2621:
4440:
4298:
4264:
4106:
3486:
3415:
3283:
1832:
1700:
1679:
1516:
1491:
3448:
Italics indicates a junior co-emperor, underlining indicates an emperor variously regarded as either legitimate or a usurper
4425:
4380:
4375:
2628:
1666:
1978:
479:. However, she knew that her position of power could be compromised if she continued to wield power alone. She then chose
4435:
4390:
4227:
3251:
1820:
411:
4172:
3969:
1927:
1759:
516:
With her new husband's assistance, Eudokia was able to dispel the impending danger. She had two sons with
Romanos IV,
3751:
1908:
1860:
1800:
1780:
1738:
1650:
1620:
1578:
566:. The Byzantine army was destroyed and the emperor himself was captured, partly because of the treachery of general
475:
Eudokia had sworn on
Constantine's deathbed not to remarry, and she even made the oath in the presence of patriarch
375:
1030. Some authors give her a lifespan of 1021–1096, but this is not corroborated by other sources. Eudokia married
4405:
3999:
3217:
3200:
3027:
3015:
383:
1049, when
Constantine was 43 years old. She was Constantine's second wife, as his first one, a daughter of Duke
3974:
3903:
3188:
2980:
2942:
2902:
2869:
1729:
727:
525:
392:
245:
1876:
4410:
4385:
4055:
3994:
3470:
3403:
3229:
3056:
3022:
2986:
2875:
1974:
1872:"Eudokia Makrembolitissa: was she implicated in the removal of her husband, Romanos IV Diogenes, from power?"
584:
Eudokia continued to be influential even after her exile in 1071. Soon after her deposition, she allied with
4182:
4111:
4096:
3964:
3796:
3781:
3044:
2089:
371:, but their plan was stopped soon after. The birth date of Eudokia is unknown, but scholars often place it
1723:
600:
family. Eudokia later performed a memorable funeral and burial for Romanos IV, who died on 4 August 1072.
4044:
3637:
3125:
2804:
2270:
368:
364:
344:. When he was deposed in 1071 she resumed the regency for her sons, but was soon forced to resign again.
121:
4430:
3435:
3391:
3369:
3320:
3207:
2998:
2767:
2109:
1570:
604:
63:
43:
4217:
4101:
4039:
4005:
3718:
3342:
3310:
3135:
2315:
2074:
2056:
1852:
662:
503:
4049:
3463:
3352:
3305:
2852:
2499:
1671:
1067:
A History of the Roman Emperors: From the Accession of Augustus to the Fall of the Last Constantine
4395:
4124:
3984:
3756:
3741:
3140:
2914:
2794:
2082:
733:
396:
249:
430:
4319:
3848:
3658:
3430:
3409:
3315:
2105:
2024:
1871:
635:
500:
coronation took place on 1 January 1068, to the surprise of the patriarch and other officials.
17:
1770:
456:
who actually ruled in her own right, rather than just a regent. According to the contemporary
387:, died soon after their marriage. By 1059 they already had at least five children: the future
4192:
4130:
4061:
3918:
3530:
3364:
3359:
3335:
3330:
3246:
3083:
3071:
2842:
2467:
2049:
1790:
1690:
1642:
1592:
1564:
1545:
1061:
445:
310:
4349:
indicates a consort to an emperor variously regarded as either legitimate or a usurper, and
4370:
4293:
4212:
4071:
3979:
3806:
3612:
3575:
3347:
3295:
3155:
3130:
3095:
3010:
2924:
2774:
2605:
612:
548:
476:
438:
434:
407:
376:
360:
325:
179:
642:
8:
4271:
4254:
4234:
4197:
4177:
4029:
3663:
3278:
3263:
3241:
3176:
3165:
3120:
3066:
2556:
2494:
2457:
769:
698:
563:
517:
480:
341:
329:
263:
204:
39:
4244:
4202:
4162:
4117:
4024:
3898:
3570:
3545:
3325:
3268:
3212:
3194:
3183:
3145:
3115:
2993:
2711:
2615:
2365:
2334:
2327:
773:
758:
747:
715:
678:
608:
509:
425:
253:
237:
114:
52:
4415:
4326:
4155:
3954:
3888:
3771:
3746:
3735:
3673:
3627:
3290:
3236:
3077:
2975:
2950:
2799:
2661:
2397:
2382:
2260:
2228:
1923:
1904:
1856:
1828:
1796:
1776:
1755:
1734:
1718:
1706:
1696:
1675:
1646:
1616:
1574:
1512:
1487:
754:
321:
228:
4081:
4331:
4276:
4187:
4167:
4150:
4086:
4066:
3937:
3908:
3858:
3703:
3647:
3605:
3595:
3585:
3520:
3420:
3397:
3300:
3273:
3258:
3224:
3150:
3110:
3100:
2825:
2752:
2722:
2585:
2540:
2535:
2407:
1885:
1842:
589:
420:
415:
4281:
711:
By her first husband, Eudokia had seven children, four sons and three daughters:
611:
in 1081. Her last known action is the adoption of one of the cousins of Patriarch
4239:
4207:
4140:
4091:
4011:
3836:
3831:
3816:
3791:
3713:
3668:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3535:
3510:
3061:
3051:
2960:
2747:
2655:
2643:
2637:
2489:
2310:
2280:
2223:
2203:
2066:
1898:
1846:
1749:
1661:
1630:
1541:
1065:
457:
453:
348:
3455:
4286:
4145:
4076:
4019:
3826:
3678:
3622:
3617:
3590:
3540:
3515:
2955:
2919:
2864:
2757:
2680:
2578:
2572:
2504:
2484:
2238:
2198:
800:
741:
737:
585:
424:
soon after, probably on the same year. They had a fourth son around this time,
301:
1810:
359:
Eudokia Makrembolitissa was the daughter of John Makrembolites and a niece of
4364:
4314:
4259:
4249:
3949:
3913:
3873:
3868:
3766:
3683:
3425:
3385:
2929:
2737:
2545:
2017:
2001:
1950:
1945:
1710:
1604:
1588:
593:
559:
132:
88:
1889:
3653:
3565:
3170:
2965:
2897:
2892:
2882:
2705:
2567:
2208:
779:
521:
484:
267:
1692:
Imperial Women in Byzantium 1025-1204 : Power, Patronage and Ideology
761:. They had a son, Alexios, and two daughters, maybe named Anne and Alexia.
677:
Miniature of Constantine X and Eudokia alongside their son and co-emperor
3600:
3034:
2909:
2859:
2784:
2358:
2305:
2248:
495:
388:
337:
110:
77:
1634:
750:, co-emperor from 1060 to 1078, died in battle with the Normans in 1081.
468:), suggesting that she had a higher status than her sons (who were only
3821:
3495:
3090:
3005:
2970:
2935:
2847:
2762:
2522:
2515:
2462:
2442:
2387:
2352:
2345:
2290:
2255:
2118:
2034:
826:
694:
618:
Attributed to Eudokia is a dictionary of history and mythology, called
572:
555:
530:
138:
98:
2104:
576:
by John Doukas, who forced Eudokia to retire to a monastery as a nun.
487:
in the East. On 25 December, Eudokia rewarded Romanos with the titles
3878:
3723:
3525:
2837:
2789:
2699:
2686:
2473:
2402:
2375:
2370:
2339:
2285:
2233:
2168:
2163:
830:
821:
The inscription reads: "Constantine Doukas in Christ the Lord, pious
489:
4034:
3959:
3842:
3708:
3693:
3105:
2887:
2779:
2732:
2692:
2674:
2594:
2529:
2509:
2479:
2452:
2447:
2432:
2422:
2392:
2300:
2295:
2243:
2218:
2213:
2178:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2061:
23 November 1059 – 23 May 1067 and 1 January 1068 – 1 October 1071
1566:
The glory of Byzantium: art and culture of the Middle Byzantine era
822:
597:
542:
536:
1944:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
448:
counted Eudocia among the monarchs of the Byzantine Empire in his
3989:
3923:
3893:
3776:
3761:
3580:
3039:
2742:
2649:
2562:
2417:
2193:
274:
3883:
3729:
2811:
2668:
2550:
2322:
2188:
1511:. Cambridge New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 147.
333:
279:
1824:
1465:
1463:
864:
862:
3786:
3505:
2412:
2183:
2173:
2153:
1225:
1223:
1139:
1137:
765:
By her second husband, she had two sons, most likely twins:
2158:
2148:
1509:
Land and privilege in Byzantium: the institution of pronoia
1460:
1361:
1359:
859:
646:
641:
1540. The sources from which the work was compiled include
1963:. Vol. 9 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
1293:
1291:
1289:
1220:
1134:
1032:
1030:
1028:
1015:
1013:
1011:
996:
1597:
History of the Byzantine and Greek Empires from 1057–1453
1423:
1421:
1393:
1391:
1389:
1344:
1322:
1320:
1318:
1262:
1183:
1181:
1179:
847:
1356:
1303:
1250:
1110:
1098:
1074:
935:
933:
1376:
1374:
1332:
1286:
1274:
1210:
1208:
1166:
1164:
1025:
1008:
957:
1450:
1448:
1418:
1386:
1315:
1176:
1149:
1042:
974:
972:
920:
918:
916:
914:
912:
910:
908:
906:
904:
902:
1984:
Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology
1408:
1406:
1240:
1238:
1086:
930:
718:, co-emperor from 1060 and senior emperor after 1071.
1599:. William Blackwood & Sonspages. pp. 24–36.
1371:
1205:
1161:
945:
1445:
969:
899:
315:
1722:
1403:
1235:
1193:
829:of the Romans / Eudokia in Christ the Lord, great
3485:
1792:The Portrait in Byzantine Illuminated Manuscripts
1613:Byzantine Empresses: Woman and Power in Byzantium
1433:
340:in 1067, and resigned her regency by marriage to
4362:
1920:Diogenes Laertius: Lives of Eminent Philosophers
1733:. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
889:
887:
885:
883:
881:
879:
877:
379:sometime before his accession in 1059, probably
1122:
984:
3471:
2090:
874:
524:. Another of Eudokia and Constantine's sons,
4345:indicates a consort to a junior co-emperor,
1922:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 7–9.
1848:A History of the Byzantine State and Society
1769:Sághy, Marianne; Robert, Ousterhout (2019),
803:. The red hair seems to be a later addition.
661:Constantine X and Eudokia in a reliquary of
354:
1788:
1768:
1563:Evans, Helen C.; Wixom, William D. (1997).
868:
853:
620:
507:15th-century portrait of Eudokia, from the
3478:
3464:
2097:
2083:
1562:
1469:
51:
1918:Dorandi, Tiziano (2013). "Introduction".
1896:
1841:
1808:
1365:
1309:
1080:
963:
603:After Michael VII was deposed in 1078 by
57:Contemporary miniature of empress Eudokia
1949:
1869:
1629:
1506:
1380:
1297:
1070:. Baldwin, Cradock and Joy. p. 304.
1036:
1019:
978:
502:
1917:
1751:The Palgrave Atlas of Byzantine History
1603:
1481:
1454:
1427:
1397:
1326:
1229:
1187:
1155:
1143:
1048:
1002:
939:
219: 1068; died 1072)
194: 1049; died 1067)
14:
4363:
1747:
1587:
1486:. London: Penguin Books. p. 301.
1338:
1280:
1214:
1170:
1092:
452:. Some historians regard Eudokia as a
3459:
2078:
1973:
1775:, Central European University Press,
1439:
1060:
44:Empress and Autocratess of the Romans
1688:
1667:Prosopography of the Byzantine World
1412:
1244:
1199:
554:On 26 August 1071, Romanos IV faced
1821:Corpus Fontium Historiae Byzantinae
1540:
1350:
1268:
1256:
1116:
1104:
414:on 23 November 1059, the day after
27:Byzantine Empress from 1059 to 1071
24:
1730:The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium
418:' abdication. Eudokia was crowned
25:
4452:
1900:Byzantium: An Illustrated History
391:, an unnamed son who died young,
4401:11th-century Byzantine empresses
1967:
1937:
1812:Die byzantinischen Kleinchronike
1754:. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
1641:. Vol. 3. Washington D.C.:
1639:Catalogue of the Byzantine Coins
686:
670:
654:
76:(also regent for her co-emperor
1717:
1695:. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis.
1660:Jeffreys, Michael, ed. (2016).
1659:
1615:. Routledge. pp. 168–179.
1529:
1500:
1475:
1128:
1054:
990:
951:
924:
893:
815:
806:
730:, co-emperor from 1068 to 1078.
351:in 1067 and some also in 1071.
324:by her successive marriages to
216:
191:
4421:11th-century Byzantine writers
793:
13:
1:
4441:Mothers of Byzantine emperors
4353:incidates an empress regnant.
1979:"Eudocia Augusta Macrembolis"
1789:Spatharakis, Ioannis (1976),
1482:Norwich, John Julius (1993).
840:
638:
579:
450:History of the Roman Emperors
380:
372:
153:
4183:Euphrosyne Doukaina Kamatera
7:
4426:11th-century Byzantine nuns
4381:Remarried empresses consort
4376:Byzantine empresses regnant
1877:Revue des études byzantines
1870:Vratimos, Antonios (2003).
1772:Piroska and the Pantokrator
1593:"Regency of Eudocia (1067)"
365:patriarch of Constantinople
316:
10:
4457:
4436:11th-century women regents
4391:11th-century women writers
3370:Constantine XI Palaiologos
3321:Andronikos III Palaiologos
3208:Nikephoros III Botaneiates
2029:23 May – 31 December 1067
1817:Byzantine small chronicles
1571:Metropolitan Museum of Art
1507:Bartusis, Mark C. (2012).
753:Zoe Doukaina, who married
721:A son who died in infancy.
605:Nikephoros III Botaneiates
466:megalē basilis tōn Romaiōn
402:
4340:
4307:
4218:Elena Asenina of Bulgaria
3936:
3857:
3805:
3719:Flavia Maximiana Theodora
3692:
3636:
3494:
3446:
3378:
3343:Andronikos IV Palaiologos
3311:Andronikos II Palaiologos
3136:Constantine IX Monomachos
2824:
2721:
2604:
2431:
2269:
2117:
2063:
2057:Byzantine empress consort
2054:
2046:
2041:
2031:
2025:Byzantine empress regnant
2022:
2014:
2009:
1995:
1987:, vol. 2, p. 80
1853:Stanford University Press
1809:Schreiner, Peter (1975).
1724:"Eudokia Makrembolitissa"
1662:"Eudokia Makrembolitissa"
1635:"Eudocia Macrembolitissa"
1609:"Eudokia Makrembolitissa"
799:Previously thought to be
663:Demetrius of Thessaloniki
621:
355:Background and early life
305:
285:
273:
227:
168:
160:
149:
145:
127:
122:Byzantine empress consort
120:
104:
94:
84:
74:23 May – 31 December 1067
70:
64:Byzantine empress regnant
62:
50:
37:
32:
3306:Michael VIII Palaiologos
1997:Eudokia Makrembolitissa
1897:McLachlan, Sean (2004).
1851:. Stanford, California:
1484:Byzantium. 2: The apogee
786:
706:
4406:Byzantine women writers
4136:Eudokia Makrembolitissa
3742:Flavia Julia Constantia
3161:Eudokia Makrembolitissa
2795:Tiberius II Constantine
1960:Encyclopædia Britannica
1955:Eudocia Macrembolitissa
1890:10.3406/rebyz.2013.4998
854:Sághy & Robert 2019
757:, a brother of Emperor
596:, who was close to the
317:Evdokía Makremvolítissa
306:Εὐδοκία Μακρεμβολίτισσα
298:Eudokia Makrembolitissa
33:Eudokia Makrembolitissa
3659:Marcia Otacilia Severa
3316:Michael IX Palaiologos
1689:Hill, Barbara (2014).
1470:Evans & Wixom 1997
1062:Elton, Charles Abraham
776:on charges of treason.
772:, blinded by order of
665:, by John Autoreianos.
636:Constantine Paleocappa
540:and reserve the title
513:
385:Constantine Dalassenos
137:1068–1071 (as wife of
131:1059–1067 (as wife of
4223:Theodora Palaiologina
4193:Anna Komnene Angelina
4131:Catherine of Bulgaria
4062:Eudokia Dekapolitissa
3531:Agrippina the Younger
3410:Thessalonian emperors
3404:Trapezuntine emperors
3365:John VIII Palaiologos
3360:Manuel II Palaiologos
3331:John VI Kantakouzenos
3247:Andronikos I Komnenos
3084:Constantine Lekapenos
2112:and empresses regnant
2050:Catherine of Bulgaria
1748:Haldon, John (2005).
1672:King's College London
1643:Dumbarton Oaks Papers
954:, p. 1272, 1361.
588:, a sister-in-law of
506:
446:Charles Abraham Elton
4411:Makrembolites family
4386:11th-century regents
4294:Sophia of Montferrat
4213:Anna of Hohenstaufen
4072:Theophano Martinakia
3980:Theodora of Khazaria
3613:Julia Cornelia Paula
3576:Faustina the Younger
3348:John VII Palaiologos
3296:Theodore II Laskaris
3156:Constantine X Doukas
3096:Nikephoros II Phokas
1903:. Hippocrene Books.
1645:. pp. 779–784.
613:Michael I Cerularius
477:John VIII Xiphilinos
439:John VIII Xiphilinos
408:Constantine X Doukas
395:, Anna Doukaina and
377:Constantine X Doukas
361:Michael I Cerularius
326:Constantine X Doukas
180:Constantine X Doukas
4272:Keratsa of Bulgaria
4255:Helena Kantakouzene
4235:Irene of Montferrat
4198:Philippa of Armenia
4178:Margaret of Hungary
4030:Theophano of Athens
3849:Julius Nepos's wife
3664:Herennia Etruscilla
3487:Roman and Byzantine
3279:Theodore I Laskaris
3264:Alexios III Angelos
3242:Alexios II Komnenos
3166:Romanos IV Diogenes
3121:Romanos III Argyros
3067:Romanos I Lekapenos
1232:, pp. 173−174.
1146:, pp. 170−172.
1005:, pp. 168–169.
770:Nikephoros Diogenes
724:Anne Doukaina, nun.
699:Romanos IV Diogenes
564:Battle of Manzikert
481:Romanos IV Diogenes
342:Romanos IV Diogenes
330:Romanos IV Diogenes
264:Nikephoros Diogenes
205:Romanos IV Diogenes
4299:Maria of Trebizond
4265:Irene Palaiologina
4245:Irene of Brunswick
4203:Maria of Courtenay
4163:Bertha of Sulzbach
3571:Faustina the Elder
3546:Statilia Messalina
3398:Britannic emperors
3392:Palmyrene emperors
3326:John V Palaiologos
3269:Alexios IV Angelos
3218:Constantine Doukas
3213:Alexios I Komnenos
3201:Constantine Doukas
3184:Michael VII Doukas
3146:Michael VI Bringas
2712:Romulus Augustulus
2335:Trebonianus Gallus
2328:Herennius Etruscus
2110:Byzantine emperors
1719:Kazhdan, Alexander
774:Alexios I Comnenus
759:Alexios I Komnenos
748:Konstantios Doukas
716:Michael VII Doukas
679:Michael VII Doukas
609:Alexios I Komnenos
562:, at the decisive
514:
510:Mutinensis gr. 122
426:Konstantios Doukas
336:of her minor son,
254:Konstantios Doukas
238:Michael VII Doukas
115:Konstantios Doukas
4431:Byzantine regents
4358:
4357:
4327:Byzantine emperor
4156:Dobrodeia of Kiev
3932:
3931:
3736:Valeria Maximilla
3674:Cornelia Salonina
3628:Sallustia Orbiana
3453:
3452:
3291:John III Vatatzes
3237:Manuel I Komnenos
2976:Michael I Rangabe
2820:
2819:
2662:Petronius Maximus
2261:Severus Alexander
2229:Septimius Severus
2073:
2072:
2064:Succeeded by
2032:Succeeded by
1843:Treadgold, Warren
1834:978-3-7001-0206-9
1702:978-1-317-88466-8
1681:978-1-908951-20-5
1556:Secondary sources
1518:978-1-107-00962-2
1493:978-0-14-011448-5
1472:, pp. 77–78.
1341:, pp. 31–33.
1283:, pp. 24–25.
871:, pp. 27–34.
782:, died in battle.
755:Adrianos Komnenos
734:Theodora Doukaina
728:Andronikos Doukas
643:Diogenes Laërtius
526:Andronikos Doukas
397:Theodora Doukaina
393:Andronikos Doukas
322:Byzantine empress
314:
295:
294:
250:Theodora Doukaina
246:Andronikos Doukas
16:(Redirected from
4448:
4277:Irene Gattilusio
4188:Eudokia Angelina
4168:Maria of Antioch
4151:Irene of Hungary
4087:Zoe Karbonopsina
4067:Eudokia Ingerina
3940:Byzantine Empire
3803:
3802:
3648:Caecilia Paulina
3606:Fulvia Plautilla
3596:Manlia Scantilla
3586:Bruttia Crispina
3521:Milonia Caesonia
3480:
3473:
3466:
3457:
3456:
3301:John IV Laskaris
3274:Alexios V Doukas
3259:Isaac II Angelos
3225:John II Komnenos
3151:Isaac I Komnenos
3111:Constantine VIII
3101:John I Tzimiskes
2828:Byzantine Empire
2602:
2601:
2099:
2092:
2085:
2076:
2075:
2047:Preceded by
2015:Preceded by
1993:
1992:
1988:
1971:
1970:
1964:
1943:
1941:
1940:
1933:
1914:
1893:
1866:
1838:
1805:
1785:
1765:
1744:
1726:
1714:
1685:
1656:
1631:Grierson, Philip
1626:
1600:
1584:
1551:
1542:Psellos, Michael
1523:
1522:
1504:
1498:
1497:
1479:
1473:
1467:
1458:
1452:
1443:
1437:
1431:
1425:
1416:
1410:
1401:
1395:
1384:
1378:
1369:
1363:
1354:
1348:
1342:
1336:
1330:
1324:
1313:
1307:
1301:
1295:
1284:
1278:
1272:
1266:
1260:
1254:
1248:
1242:
1233:
1227:
1218:
1212:
1203:
1197:
1191:
1185:
1174:
1168:
1159:
1153:
1147:
1141:
1132:
1126:
1120:
1114:
1108:
1102:
1096:
1090:
1084:
1078:
1072:
1071:
1058:
1052:
1046:
1040:
1034:
1023:
1017:
1006:
1000:
994:
988:
982:
976:
967:
961:
955:
949:
943:
937:
928:
922:
897:
891:
872:
869:Spatharakis 1976
866:
857:
851:
834:
819:
813:
810:
804:
797:
690:
674:
658:
640:
624:
623:
590:Isaac I Komnenos
558:, sultan of the
416:Isaac I Komnenos
382:
374:
319:
309:
307:
234:by Constantine X
220:
218:
195:
193:
155:
107:
55:
30:
29:
21:
4456:
4455:
4451:
4450:
4449:
4447:
4446:
4445:
4361:
4360:
4359:
4354:
4336:
4303:
4240:Rita of Armenia
4228:Anna of Hungary
4208:Irene Laskarina
4173:Agnes of France
4141:Maria of Alania
4092:Helena Lekapene
3942:
3939:
3928:
3861:
3853:
3837:Marcia Euphemia
3832:Licinia Eudoxia
3809:
3801:
3792:Aelia Flaccilla
3714:Galeria Valeria
3696:
3688:
3669:Cornelia Supera
3640:
3632:
3561:Pompeia Plotina
3556:Domitia Longina
3551:Galeria Fundana
3536:Claudia Octavia
3511:Livia Orestilla
3498:
3490:
3484:
3454:
3449:
3442:
3386:Gallic emperors
3374:
3062:Constantine VII
2843:Constantine III
2830:
2827:
2816:
2725:
2717:
2656:Valentinian III
2644:Constantius III
2638:Priscus Attalus
2622:Constantine III
2608:
2600:
2490:Valerius Valens
2435:
2427:
2273:
2265:
2224:Didius Julianus
2204:Marcus Aurelius
2121:
2113:
2103:
2069:
2067:Maria of Alania
2060:
2052:
2037:
2028:
2020:
2005:
1998:
1991:
1968:
1953:, ed. (1911). "
1938:
1936:
1930:
1911:
1863:
1835:
1803:
1783:
1762:
1741:
1703:
1682:
1653:
1623:
1581:
1535:Primary sources
1532:
1527:
1526:
1519:
1505:
1501:
1494:
1480:
1476:
1468:
1461:
1453:
1446:
1438:
1434:
1426:
1419:
1411:
1404:
1396:
1387:
1379:
1372:
1364:
1357:
1349:
1345:
1337:
1333:
1325:
1316:
1308:
1304:
1296:
1287:
1279:
1275:
1267:
1263:
1255:
1251:
1243:
1236:
1228:
1221:
1213:
1206:
1198:
1194:
1186:
1177:
1169:
1162:
1154:
1150:
1142:
1135:
1131:, p. 1366.
1127:
1123:
1115:
1111:
1103:
1099:
1091:
1087:
1079:
1075:
1059:
1055:
1047:
1043:
1035:
1026:
1018:
1009:
1001:
997:
989:
985:
977:
970:
962:
958:
950:
946:
938:
931:
923:
900:
892:
875:
867:
860:
852:
848:
843:
838:
837:
833:of the Romans."
820:
816:
811:
807:
798:
794:
789:
709:
702:
691:
682:
675:
666:
659:
582:
458:Michael Psellos
454:empress regnant
412:crowned emperor
405:
357:
349:empress regnant
332:. She acted as
266:
262:
258:
256:
252:
248:
244:
242:
240:
236:
223:
222:
214:
210:
207:
197:
189:
185:
182:
136:
105:
75:
58:
42:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4454:
4444:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4396:Doukid dynasty
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4356:
4355:
4341:
4338:
4337:
4335:
4334:
4329:
4324:
4323:
4322:
4311:
4309:
4305:
4304:
4302:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4287:Anna of Moscow
4279:
4274:
4269:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4148:
4146:Irene Doukaina
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4121:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4082:Eudokia Baïana
4079:
4077:Zoe Zaoutzaina
4074:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4020:Maria of Amnia
4017:
4009:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3946:
3944:
3934:
3933:
3930:
3929:
3927:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3865:
3863:
3859:Eastern Empire
3855:
3854:
3852:
3851:
3846:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3827:Galla Placidia
3824:
3819:
3813:
3811:
3807:Western Empire
3800:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3732:
3727:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3700:
3698:
3690:
3689:
3687:
3686:
3681:
3679:Ulpia Severina
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3644:
3642:
3634:
3633:
3631:
3630:
3625:
3623:Annia Faustina
3620:
3618:Aquilia Severa
3615:
3610:
3598:
3593:
3591:Flavia Titiana
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3541:Poppaea Sabina
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3516:Lollia Paulina
3513:
3508:
3502:
3500:
3499:27 BC – AD 235
3492:
3491:
3483:
3482:
3475:
3468:
3460:
3451:
3450:
3447:
3444:
3443:
3441:
3440:
3439:
3438:
3433:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3407:
3401:
3395:
3389:
3382:
3380:
3376:
3375:
3373:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3345:
3340:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3222:
3210:
3205:
3181:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3141:Theodora (III)
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3037:
3032:
3020:
3008:
3003:
2991:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2956:Constantine VI
2953:
2948:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2920:Theodosius III
2917:
2912:
2907:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2865:Constantine IV
2862:
2857:
2845:
2840:
2834:
2832:
2822:
2821:
2818:
2817:
2815:
2814:
2809:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2729:
2727:
2723:Eastern Empire
2719:
2718:
2716:
2715:
2708:
2703:
2696:
2689:
2684:
2677:
2672:
2665:
2658:
2653:
2646:
2641:
2634:
2618:
2612:
2610:
2606:Western Empire
2599:
2598:
2591:
2579:Magnus Maximus
2575:
2573:Valentinian II
2570:
2565:
2560:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2526:
2519:
2512:
2507:
2505:Constantius II
2502:
2500:Constantine II
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2439:
2437:
2429:
2428:
2426:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2368:
2363:
2355:
2350:
2332:
2320:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2277:
2275:
2267:
2266:
2264:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2199:Antoninus Pius
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2125:
2123:
2122:27 BC – AD 235
2115:
2114:
2102:
2101:
2094:
2087:
2079:
2071:
2070:
2065:
2062:
2053:
2048:
2044:
2043:
2039:
2038:
2033:
2030:
2021:
2016:
2012:
2011:
2010:Regnal titles
2007:
2006:
1999:
1996:
1990:
1989:
1977:, ed. (1870),
1975:Smith, William
1965:
1951:Chisholm, Hugh
1934:
1929:978-0521886819
1928:
1915:
1909:
1894:
1867:
1861:
1839:
1833:
1806:
1801:
1786:
1781:
1766:
1761:978-0230243644
1760:
1745:
1739:
1721:, ed. (1991).
1715:
1701:
1686:
1680:
1657:
1651:
1627:
1621:
1605:Garland, Lynda
1601:
1589:Finlay, George
1585:
1579:
1559:
1553:
1552:
1550:. Vol. 7.
1531:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1517:
1499:
1492:
1474:
1459:
1444:
1432:
1430:, p. 178.
1417:
1402:
1400:, p. 177.
1385:
1370:
1368:, p. 161.
1366:Schreiner 1975
1355:
1343:
1331:
1329:, p. 176.
1314:
1312:, p. 170.
1310:Schreiner 1975
1302:
1300:, p. 780.
1285:
1273:
1261:
1249:
1234:
1219:
1204:
1192:
1190:, p. 173.
1175:
1160:
1158:, p. 172.
1148:
1133:
1121:
1109:
1097:
1095:, p. 176.
1085:
1083:, p. 236.
1081:McLachlan 2004
1073:
1053:
1051:, p. 169.
1041:
1039:, p. 764.
1024:
1022:, p. 779.
1007:
995:
993:, p. 504.
983:
968:
966:, p. 608.
964:Treadgold 1997
956:
944:
942:, p. 168.
929:
898:
896:, p. 739.
873:
858:
856:, p. 162.
845:
844:
842:
839:
836:
835:
814:
805:
801:Irene Doukaina
791:
790:
788:
785:
784:
783:
777:
763:
762:
751:
745:
742:Doge of Venice
738:Domenico Selvo
736:, who married
731:
725:
722:
719:
708:
705:
704:
703:
692:
685:
683:
676:
669:
667:
660:
653:
632:Bed of Violets
586:Anna Dalassene
581:
578:
534:only call him
437:and patriarch
404:
401:
356:
353:
293:
292:
287:
283:
282:
277:
271:
270:
231:
225:
224:
212:
208:
203:
202:
201:
200:
187:
183:
178:
177:
176:
175:
172:
170:
166:
165:
162:
158:
157:
151:
147:
146:
143:
142:
129:
125:
124:
118:
117:
108:
102:
101:
96:
92:
91:
86:
82:
81:
72:
68:
67:
60:
59:
56:
48:
47:
35:
34:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4453:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4368:
4366:
4352:
4348:
4344:
4339:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4321:
4318:
4317:
4316:
4315:Roman emperor
4313:
4312:
4310:
4306:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4289:
4288:
4283:
4282:Helena Dragaš
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4267:
4266:
4261:
4260:Irene Asanina
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4250:Anna of Savoy
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4230:
4229:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4158:
4157:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4126:
4122:
4120:
4119:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4063:
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4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
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4041:
4038:
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4033:
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4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4014:
4010:
4008:
4007:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3986:
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3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3950:Fabia Eudokia
3948:
3947:
3945:
3941:
3935:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3914:Ino Anastasia
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3874:Aelia Eudocia
3872:
3870:
3869:Aelia Eudoxia
3867:
3866:
3864:
3860:
3856:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3844:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3814:
3812:
3808:
3804:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3767:Marina Severa
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3737:
3733:
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3728:
3725:
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3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3701:
3699:
3695:
3691:
3685:
3684:Magnia Urbica
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
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3649:
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3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3608:
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3497:
3493:
3488:
3481:
3476:
3474:
3469:
3467:
3462:
3461:
3458:
3445:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3428:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3411:
3408:
3405:
3402:
3399:
3396:
3393:
3390:
3387:
3384:
3383:
3381:
3377:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3355:
3354:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3338:
3337:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3286:
3285:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3254:
3253:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3232:
3231:
3226:
3223:
3220:
3219:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3203:
3202:
3197:
3196:
3191:
3190:
3185:
3182:
3179:
3178:
3173:
3172:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3086:
3085:
3080:
3079:
3074:
3073:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3047:
3046:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3030:
3029:
3024:
3023:Theodora (II)
3021:
3018:
3017:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3001:
3000:
2995:
2992:
2989:
2988:
2983:
2982:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2946:
2945:
2944:
2938:
2937:
2933:
2931:
2930:Constantine V
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2915:Anastasius II
2913:
2911:
2908:
2905:
2904:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2878:
2877:
2872:
2871:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2855:
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2841:
2839:
2836:
2835:
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2813:
2810:
2807:
2806:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2770:
2769:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2738:Theodosius II
2736:
2734:
2731:
2730:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2714:
2713:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2701:
2697:
2695:
2694:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2682:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2670:
2666:
2664:
2663:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2651:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2639:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2630:
2624:
2623:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2613:
2611:
2607:
2603:
2597:
2596:
2592:
2589:
2588:
2587:
2581:
2580:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2558:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2546:Valentinian I
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2531:
2527:
2525:
2524:
2520:
2518:
2517:
2513:
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2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2475:
2471:
2469:
2468:Constantine I
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2458:Constantius I
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2440:
2438:
2434:
2430:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
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2222:
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2167:
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2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2111:
2107:
2100:
2095:
2093:
2088:
2086:
2081:
2080:
2077:
2068:
2059:
2058:
2051:
2045:
2042:Royal titles
2040:
2036:
2027:
2026:
2019:
2018:Constantine X
2013:
2008:
2004:
2003:
2002:Makrembolites
1994:
1986:
1985:
1980:
1976:
1966:
1962:
1961:
1956:
1952:
1947:
1946:public domain
1935:
1931:
1925:
1921:
1916:
1912:
1910:0-7818-1033-7
1906:
1902:
1901:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1864:
1862:0-8047-2630-2
1858:
1854:
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1814:
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1802:9789633862971
1798:
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1782:9789633862971
1778:
1774:
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1740:0-19-504652-8
1736:
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1654:
1652:0-88402-012-6
1648:
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1632:
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1624:
1622:9781134756384
1618:
1614:
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1580:9780810965072
1576:
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1478:
1471:
1466:
1464:
1456:
1451:
1449:
1441:
1436:
1429:
1424:
1422:
1415:, p. 65.
1414:
1409:
1407:
1399:
1394:
1392:
1390:
1382:
1381:Vratimos 2003
1377:
1375:
1367:
1362:
1360:
1353:, Romanos 23.
1352:
1347:
1340:
1335:
1328:
1323:
1321:
1319:
1311:
1306:
1299:
1298:Grierson 1973
1294:
1292:
1290:
1282:
1277:
1271:, Romanos 10.
1270:
1265:
1258:
1253:
1247:, p. 64.
1246:
1241:
1239:
1231:
1226:
1224:
1217:, p. 25.
1216:
1211:
1209:
1202:, p. 63.
1201:
1196:
1189:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1173:, p. 24.
1172:
1167:
1165:
1157:
1152:
1145:
1140:
1138:
1130:
1125:
1118:
1113:
1106:
1101:
1094:
1089:
1082:
1077:
1069:
1068:
1063:
1057:
1050:
1045:
1038:
1037:Grierson 1973
1033:
1031:
1029:
1021:
1020:Grierson 1973
1016:
1014:
1012:
1004:
999:
992:
987:
980:
979:Chisholm 1911
975:
973:
965:
960:
953:
948:
941:
936:
934:
926:
921:
919:
917:
915:
913:
911:
909:
907:
905:
903:
895:
890:
888:
886:
884:
882:
880:
878:
870:
865:
863:
855:
850:
846:
832:
828:
824:
818:
809:
802:
796:
792:
781:
778:
775:
771:
768:
767:
766:
760:
756:
752:
749:
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743:
739:
735:
732:
729:
726:
723:
720:
717:
714:
713:
712:
700:
696:
689:
684:
680:
673:
668:
664:
657:
652:
651:
650:
648:
644:
637:
633:
629:
625:
616:
614:
610:
606:
601:
599:
595:
594:Nikephoritzes
591:
587:
577:
575:
574:
569:
565:
561:
560:Seljuk Empire
557:
552:
551:at the head.
550:
545:
544:
539:
538:
533:
532:
527:
523:
519:
512:
511:
505:
501:
498:
497:
492:
491:
486:
482:
478:
473:
471:
467:
461:
459:
455:
451:
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440:
436:
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427:
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417:
413:
409:
400:
398:
394:
390:
386:
378:
370:
366:
362:
352:
350:
345:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
318:
312:
303:
299:
291:
288:
284:
281:
278:
276:
272:
269:
265:
261:
260:by Romanos IV
255:
251:
247:
243:Anne Doukaina
239:
235:
232:
230:
226:
206:
199:
198:
181:
174:
173:
171:
167:
163:
159:
152:
148:
144:
140:
134:
133:Constantine X
130:
126:
123:
119:
116:
112:
109:
103:
100:
97:
93:
90:
89:Constantine X
87:
83:
79:
73:
69:
65:
61:
54:
49:
46:
45:
41:
36:
31:
19:
4350:
4346:
4342:
4285:
4263:
4226:
4154:
4135:
4123:
4116:
4054:
4012:
4004:
3841:
3734:
3654:Tranquillina
3604:
3566:Vibia Sabina
3353:Andronikos V
3351:
3334:
3282:
3250:
3228:
3216:
3199:
3193:
3187:
3175:
3169:
3160:
3082:
3076:
3070:
3043:
3026:
3014:
2997:
2985:
2979:
2966:Nikephoros I
2941:
2940:
2934:
2901:
2898:Justinian II
2893:Tiberius III
2883:Justinian II
2874:
2868:
2851:
2803:
2775:Anastasius I
2766:
2710:
2706:Julius Nepos
2698:
2691:
2679:
2667:
2660:
2648:
2636:
2627:
2626:
2620:
2593:
2584:
2583:
2577:
2568:Theodosius I
2555:
2528:
2521:
2514:
2485:Maximinus II
2472:
2374:
2357:
2344:
2338:
2326:
2314:
2247:
2209:Lucius Verus
2055:
2023:
2000:
1982:
1958:
1919:
1899:
1881:
1875:
1847:
1816:
1811:
1791:
1771:
1750:
1728:
1691:
1665:
1638:
1612:
1596:
1569:. New York:
1565:
1555:
1554:
1547:Cronographia
1546:
1534:
1533:
1530:Bibliography
1508:
1502:
1483:
1477:
1455:Dorandi 2013
1435:
1428:Garland 2002
1398:Garland 2002
1346:
1334:
1327:Garland 2002
1305:
1276:
1264:
1259:, Eudocia 8.
1252:
1230:Garland 2002
1195:
1188:Garland 2002
1156:Garland 2002
1151:
1144:Garland 2002
1124:
1119:, Eudocia 2.
1112:
1107:, Eudocia 1.
1100:
1088:
1076:
1066:
1056:
1049:Garland 2002
1044:
1003:Garland 2002
998:
986:
959:
947:
940:Garland 2002
927:, Eudokia 1.
849:
817:
808:
795:
780:Leo Diogenes
764:
710:
701:and Eudokia.
631:
627:
619:
617:
602:
583:
571:
553:
541:
535:
529:
515:
508:
494:
488:
485:Seljuk Turks
474:
469:
465:
462:
449:
443:
429:
419:
406:
358:
346:
297:
296:
268:Leo Diogenes
259:
257:Zoe Doukaina
233:
38:
4371:1030 births
4347:underlining
3919:Constantina
3601:Julia Domna
3412:(1224–1242)
3406:(1204–1461)
3195:Konstantios
3072:Christopher
3045:Constantine
3035:Michael III
3016:Constantine
2999:Constantine
2981:Theophylact
2910:Philippicus
2860:Constans II
2785:Justinian I
2681:Severus III
2629:Constans II
2383:Claudius II
2359:Silbannacus
2306:Gordian III
2281:Maximinus I
2249:Diadumenian
1884:: 277–284.
1339:Finlay 1877
1281:Finlay 1877
1215:Finlay 1877
1171:Finlay 1877
1093:Haldon 2005
549:John Doukas
496:stratelates
435:John Doukas
389:Michael VII
338:Michael VII
111:Michael VII
106:Co-emperors
85:Predecessor
78:Michael VII
4365:Categories
4050:Euphrosyne
3822:Thermantia
3782:Constantia
3496:Principate
3189:Andronikos
3177:Nikephoros
3126:Michael IV
3091:Romanos II
3011:Theophilos
3006:Michael II
2987:Staurakios
2971:Staurakios
2943:Nikephoros
2936:Artabasdos
2848:Heraclonas
2805:Theodosius
2763:Basiliscus
2523:Nepotianus
2516:Magnentius
2510:Constans I
2463:Severus II
2443:Diocletian
2388:Quintillus
2353:Aemilianus
2346:Volusianus
2291:Gordian II
2256:Elagabalus
2119:Principate
2035:Romanos IV
1823:. Vienna:
1440:Smith 1870
841:References
827:Autokrator
695:tetarteron
628:Collection
580:Later life
573:autokrator
568:Andronikos
556:Alp Arslan
531:tetarteron
518:Nikephoros
369:Michael IV
164:after 1081
139:Romanos IV
99:Romanos IV
4102:Theophano
4040:Theodosia
4015:of Athens
3970:Anastasia
3879:Pulcheria
3724:Minervina
3526:Messalina
3489:empresses
3431:Classical
3416:Empresses
3400:(286–296)
3394:(267–273)
3388:(260–274)
3131:Michael V
3057:Alexander
2870:Heraclius
2838:Heraclius
2790:Justin II
2700:Glycerius
2687:Anthemius
2557:Procopius
2495:Martinian
2474:Maxentius
2403:Florianus
2376:Saloninus
2371:Gallienus
2340:Hostilian
2316:Philip II
2286:Gordian I
2234:Caracalla
2169:Vespasian
2164:Vitellius
1795:, Brill,
1711:881417376
1591:(1877) .
1413:Hill 2014
1245:Hill 2014
1200:Hill 2014
831:Basilissa
490:magistros
444:In 1825,
311:romanized
95:Successor
66:or regent
4416:Augustae
4332:Augustae
4308:See also
4125:Theodora
4107:Theodora
4097:Theodora
4056:Theodora
4035:Prokopia
4025:Theodote
3960:Gregoria
3943:610–1453
3938:Eastern/
3904:Theodora
3899:Euphemia
3843:Placidia
3752:Faustina
3709:Eutropia
3694:Dominate
3426:Usurpers
3421:Augustae
3379:See also
3284:Nicholas
3106:Basil II
2903:Tiberius
2888:Leontius
2876:Tiberius
2853:Tiberius
2831:610–1453
2826:Eastern/
2780:Justin I
2733:Arcadius
2693:Olybrius
2675:Majorian
2616:Honorius
2595:Eugenius
2530:Vetranio
2480:Licinius
2453:Galerius
2448:Maximian
2433:Dominate
2423:Numerian
2393:Aurelian
2366:Valerian
2311:Philip I
2301:Balbinus
2296:Pupienus
2244:Macrinus
2219:Pertinax
2214:Commodus
2179:Domitian
2144:Claudius
2139:Caligula
2134:Tiberius
2129:Augustus
1845:(1997).
1633:(1973).
1607:(2002).
1064:(1825).
823:Basileus
645:and the
598:Komnenos
543:basileus
537:despotes
470:basileus
320:) was a
290:Orthodox
286:Religion
4343:Italics
4000:Eudokia
3990:Tzitzak
3975:Eudokia
3955:Martina
3924:Leontia
3894:Zenonis
3889:Ariadne
3862:395–610
3810:395–480
3777:Domnica
3772:Justina
3762:Charito
3747:Eusebia
3697:284–610
3641:235–285
3581:Lucilla
3436:Eastern
3336:Matthew
3230:Alexios
3078:Stephen
3040:Basil I
2925:Leo III
2800:Maurice
2743:Marcian
2726:395–610
2650:Joannes
2609:395–480
2563:Gratian
2436:284–610
2418:Carinus
2398:Tacitus
2274:235–285
2194:Hadrian
1948::
1819:].
1351:Psellos
1269:Psellos
1257:Psellos
1117:Psellos
1105:Psellos
626:(i.e.,
421:augusta
403:Empress
313::
275:Dynasty
221:
213:
209:
196:
188:
184:
40:Augusta
4112:Helena
4045:Thekla
3965:Fausta
3909:Sophia
3884:Verina
3757:Helena
3730:Fausta
3704:Prisca
3638:Crisis
3198:&
3174:&
3081:&
3052:Leo VI
3028:Thekla
2984:&
2951:Leo IV
2873:&
2812:Phocas
2768:Marcus
2753:Leo II
2669:Avitus
2586:Victor
2551:Valens
2541:Jovian
2536:Julian
2408:Probus
2343:&
2323:Decius
2271:Crisis
2189:Trajan
1972:
1942:
1926:
1907:
1859:
1831:
1799:
1779:
1758:
1737:
1709:
1699:
1678:
1649:
1619:
1577:
1515:
1490:
431:caesar
363:, the
334:regent
280:Doukid
169:Spouse
128:Tenure
18:Eudoc.
4013:Irene
3995:Maria
3985:Maria
3817:Maria
3797:Galla
3787:Laeta
3506:Livia
2994:Leo V
2961:Irene
2748:Leo I
2413:Carus
2184:Nerva
2174:Titus
2154:Galba
2106:Roman
1815:[
787:Notes
707:Issue
693:Gold
622:Ἰωνιά
302:Greek
241:A son
229:Issue
215:(
211:
190:(
186:
4351:bold
4320:list
4284:(w.
4262:(w.
4225:(w.
4153:(w.
4006:Anna
3603:(w.
3350:(w.
3333:(w.
3281:(w.
3252:John
3249:(w.
3227:(w.
3215:(w.
3186:(w.
3168:(w.
3069:(w.
3042:(w.
3025:(w.
3013:(w.
2996:(w.
2978:(w.
2939:(w.
2900:(w.
2867:(w.
2850:(w.
2802:(w.
2765:(w.
2758:Zeno
2625:(w.
2582:(w.
2373:(w.
2337:(w.
2325:(w.
2313:(w.
2246:(w.
2239:Geta
2159:Otho
2149:Nero
2108:and
1924:ISBN
1905:ISBN
1857:ISBN
1829:ISBN
1797:ISBN
1777:ISBN
1756:ISBN
1735:ISBN
1707:OCLC
1697:ISBN
1676:ISBN
1647:ISBN
1617:ISBN
1575:ISBN
1513:ISBN
1488:ISBN
825:and
647:Suda
520:and
493:and
410:was
328:and
161:Died
156:1030
150:Born
113:and
71:Rule
4118:Zoë
3726:(?)
3650:(?)
3171:Leo
3116:Zoe
2362:(?)
1957:".
1886:doi
1825:ÖAW
1129:ODB
991:ODB
952:ODB
925:PBW
894:ODB
697:of
630:or
522:Leo
4367::
3192:,
3075:,
1981:,
1882:71
1880:.
1874:.
1855:.
1827:.
1727:.
1705:.
1674:.
1670:.
1664:.
1637:.
1611:.
1595:.
1573:.
1544:.
1462:^
1447:^
1420:^
1405:^
1388:^
1373:^
1358:^
1317:^
1288:^
1237:^
1222:^
1207:^
1178:^
1163:^
1136:^
1027:^
1010:^
971:^
932:^
901:^
876:^
861:^
740:,
649:.
639:c.
615:.
399:.
381:c.
373:c.
308:,
304::
217:m.
192:m.
154:c.
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3287:)
3255:)
3233:)
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1865:.
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1764:.
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