417:, which translates to "new flair" or "new beat". This music is slower, text-based, melancholic, and has a mellow feeling. Bossa nova did not use the heavy percussive instruments in samba and was much softer. Gilberto's "Bim-Bom," often described as the first bossa nova song, was inspired by Brazil's post-WWII modernization movement in the 1950s. In 1958, Jobim and de Moraes recorded "Chege de Saudede," but it was Gilberto's version that launched the bossa nova movement. After the release of
290:, characterized by a combination of jazz elements with traditional Latin American music. In addition, instrumentation plays an important role. While standard jazz bands feature a rhythm section (piano, guitar, bass and drums) and winds (saxophone, trumpet or trombone), Latin music makes use of many more percussive instruments, such as timbales, congas, bongos, maracas, claves, guiros, and vibes, which were first played in a Latin setting by
370:, which comes from a combination of African dances and march rhythms from the 19th century. The samba rhythm is characterized by an emphasis on the second beat of each measure. Unlike Cuban music, this style does not have a clave pattern, resulting in a more relaxed sensation and less tension. Brazilian music was introduced to the United States around the 1930s by Hollywood, with songs like "
108:, ethnomusicologist at the University of Chicago, described jazz as the "music of the African Diaspora," describing the movement of ideas between the Caribbean, the United States, and Western Europe. Jazz in America grew out of racial tensions, and was seen by African Americans as a form of resistance. These ideas of resistance were spread and redefined through globalization.
180:
Intercultural musical exchange was well received internationally, inspiring many musicians to take on cross-cultural influences. Many of these musicians brought foreign artists as well as their musical styles back to their home countries, which resulted in a number of big jazz names hiring immigrants
127:
toured Europe in 1919 and was popular enough to continue touring
England for a year. Their music spread around the globe. Countries like China began jazz festivals with enough public support to become annual traditions. Musicians outside the United States were gaining popularity as well. One of the
649:
Peter
Soleimanipour received the first musical permit after the revolution, which led to public performances of his band Atin, who played jazz standards alongside original compositions that combined Iranian musical elements with jazz. Soleimanipour has described his music as
252:
Coltrane's incorporation of Indian and Middle
Eastern styles in his music was more limited, but still prevalent. In 1961, he stated his intention to use the "particular sounds and scales" of India "to produce specific emotional meanings, as in 'India'". Both
239:, was recorded in the free, lyrical style of the same name, which embodied a movement to return to traditional African music uninfluenced by European elements. Coltrane's Afro-Eastern sound is best exemplified in "Africa", from the album
273:
and
Western scales. In another collaboration with Miles Davis, Coltrane dropped in on the recording of "Teo", where his playing sounds remarkably more "Middle Eastern" than on previous Davis records, and on the
200:
musical elements in many of his compositions. One of the first recognized examples of this fusion can be found in the
African rhythm of his 1961 track "Dahomey Dance", which Coltrane discovered after a trip to
164:
had a fascination with other cultures' music. They went to Africa and studied different countries' melodies, rhythms, and harmonies, and adapted them into their jazz playing and compositions. Artists like
340:. Both immigrated to the United States, where they performed Cuban music and were influenced by jazz. One of the most important collaborations was when Bauzá was working with famous jazz trumpeter
223:
rhythmic patterns, as opposed to more common, chordal improvisation, with the vocal quality of
Coltrane's tenor saxophone intentionally paralleling the sound of an African horn he had heard in a
317:. Both add a base, mood, and flow to the music, creating polyrhythms and asymmetry within their traditional settings. When combined with jazz, which was more symmetrical and featured a heavy
294:. Musicians combine these two instrumentations to create a Latin jazz sound. Cuba and Brazil were among the first countries to develop this music, and thereby some of the most influential.
53:. Though occasionally equaled to or considered the successor of world music, an independent meaning of ethno jazz emerged around 1990 through the commercial success of ethnic music via
348:
and
Chiquitico, conga and bongo players, respectively; together they began a big band that combined jazz and Cuban music. In 1946 they performed the first Afro-Cuban jazz concert in
144:". Traveling to and learning from other cultures was another factor that influenced the development of ethno jazz. For example, a variety of musicians like pianist
174:
504:
356:
language over a Latin feel. Some of the most famous recordings from this band were "Cuban Be", "Cuban Bop", "Algo Bueno", and "Manteca".
465:
and jazz, the synthesis of which is evident in tracks from the early 1960s, such as "Blues in 9" and "Blues in 10", respectively in the
722:
111:
Globalization brought jazz to larger audiences through recordings and touring performances. Examples include a New
Orleans band, the "
49:, developed internationally in the 1950s and '60s and broadly characterized by a combination of traditional jazz and non-Western
305:
developed in Cuba from West
African origins, and is characterized by the use of Cuban claves. There are two kinds of clave: the
254:
743:"Creole Orchestra The Big Hit on Pantages" ("Creole Orchestra and Ragtime Band"), Edmonton Bulletin, September 30, 1914, p. 3
352:. The concert was a sensation because it combined Latin syncopated bass lines, percussion drumming, cross rhythms, and
1058:
1025:
992:
258:
551:
in 1922. This event was followed by the arrest, imprisonment, and deportation of many jazz musicians throughout the
123:, the first jazz performance outside the United States and the beginning of jazz as an international movement. The
1053:. ed. Philip V. Bohlman and Goffredo Plastino. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press. pp. 126–133.
1020:. ed. Philip V. Bohlman and Goffredo Plastino. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press. pp. 100–103.
987:. ed. Philip V. Bohlman and Goffredo Plastino. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press. pp. 79–87.
842:
129:
104:
of the 19th century created new global trade networks that facilitated the spread of cross-cultural phenomena.
603:
591:
278:
to his own composition "All or
Nothing At All", Coltrane reportedly handwrote the phrase "Arabic feeling".
205:
earlier that year. "Amen" and "Sun Ship", recorded four years later and released posthumously on the album
124:
112:
439:
61:
focus on Asian musical interpretations. The origin of ethno jazz has widely been credited to saxophonist
116:
374:" and "Brazil", but lost popularity over the coming years until its revival in 1962, when saxophonist
521:
654:(trans. "fusion"), explicitly avoiding the label of "jazz artist", while incorporating African and
137:
133:
559:. This only made the genre more appealing to young musicians, resulting in multiple "underground"
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212:
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similar to that what had occurred in the Soviet Union decades before. Jazz became popular
371:
8:
757:
Whitehead, Kevin. "Jazz Worldwide". Jazz Educators Journal XXXIII/1 (July 2000), 39-50.
638:
408:
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115:", which toured Canada for the first time during the fall of 1914, performing at the
50:
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302:
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396:" reached #1 status in the pop charts and won a Grammy for Best Solo Performance.
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is generally understood to be the father of ethno jazz, having incorporated
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portion of a Bulgarian folk tune, answered by its response in the style of
525:
513:
379:
241:
157:
149:
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132:, who was born to a Romani family and performed with famous musicians like
24:
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262:
202:
69:
46:
421:, Stan Getz invited Gilberto to record an album together. They released
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ensembles directed from 1926 by A. Ionannesyani and Mikhail Rol'nikov.
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287:
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220:
141:
81:
20:
781:"Mâalem Kouyou ft Wayne Shorter Quartet ( Moroccan Gnawa fusion Jazz)"
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642:
375:
318:
153:
68:
Notable examples of ethno jazz include the emergence of jazz through
583:
314:
207:
120:
805:
785:
337:
232:
84:
influence present in some American jazz from the 1950s and '60s.
801:"Marcus MILLER Feat Moustapha BAQBOU at Gnawa Festival Morocco"
544:
333:
313:, both of which are typically used in a two-measure pattern in
246:
193:
618:(and subsequently neighboring Middle Eastern countries) after
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532:
447:
366:
353:
224:
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197:
38:
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270:
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recording from the late 1930s. His 1967 avant-garde track "
73:
42:
697:"All that jazz could be heard in all corners of our world"
431:, whose soft vocal style became definitive of bossa nova.
662:, and jazz elements on works as recent as his 2003 album
328:
The musicians known for planting the seeds of Cubop were
140:, and Bill Arnold. His predominant style of playing was "
128:
most respected non-American jazz musicians was guitarist
508:(a Bulgarian folk element characterized by an ascending
392:
after Byrd was inspired by a trip to Brazil; the track "
261:", the all-time most popular jazz track, recorded with
928:
Latin Jazz: The First of the Fusions, 1880s to Today.
823:
Lebanon, NH: University Press of New England, 2014.
770:Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan Press, 2013.
524:. Throughout "Blues in 9", the call is commonly a
1080:
570:Ethno jazz was more recently represented in the
321:, a new Cuban-jazz fusion was created, known as
286:One of the most popular genres of ethno jazz is
332:, a Cuban trumpeter, and Frank Grillo, a Cuban
245:, which was created after drawing rhythmic and
461:was the first composer to definitively bridge
427:in 1964, which also featured Gilberto's wife,
1015:
563:, among the first of which was a handful of
516:of the scale) and interplay between the two
946:New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2015.
899:, John Coltrane, Impulse Records, CD, 1962.
555:for their Western influence, as ordered by
411:introduced a style similar to samba called
438:era was followed by various trends called
281:
502:. The former of the two makes use of the
181:to perform in their ethno jazz projects.
832:
614:Much of the Western music introduced to
100:allowed for the rise of ethno jazz. The
1048:
249:inspiration from many African records.
1081:
938:
936:
882:
880:
837:. New York: Herndon House Publishers.
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954:
952:
982:
753:
751:
749:
933:
877:
701:The University of Chicago Chronicle
13:
949:
942:Giddins, Gary, and Scott DeVeaux.
833:Simpkins, Cuthbert Ormond (1975).
609:
14:
1100:
821:Jazz and Culture in a Global Age.
746:
695:Carnig, Jennifer (May 11, 2006).
622:by the modernization policies of
538:
364:Brazilian jazz has its roots in
184:
92:
16:Subgenre of jazz and world music
1042:
1009:
976:
930:New York: Schirmer Books, 1999.
920:
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725:. Quill and Quire. 3 March 2004
80:of the 1940s and '50s, and the
826:
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793:
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768:The Music of Django Reinhardt.
760:
737:
715:
688:
453:
269:Coltrane invented as a mix of
57:, which especially observed a
1:
681:
336:player who was also known as
156:, and multi-instrumentalists
960:"Stan Getz: 'Getz/Gilberto'"
897:Live at the Village Vanguard
344:. Bauzá introduced Dizzy to
125:Original Dixieland Jazz Band
7:
1016:Naroditskaya, Inna (2016).
703:. Vol. 25, no. 16
669:
10:
1105:
117:Pantages Playhouse Theatre
87:
18:
561:jazz bands and orchestras
440:MĂşsica popular brasileira
359:
211:, both feature extensive
173:found inspiration in the
113:Original Creole Orchestra
1049:Nooshin, Laudan (2016).
177:from North-West Africa.
19:Not to be confused with
723:"Such Melodious Racket"
572:Eurovision Song Contest
543:Jazz was introduced to
297:
282:Latin and South America
130:Jean "Django" Reinhardt
1051:Jazz Worlds/World Jazz
1018:Jazz Worlds/World Jazz
985:Jazz Worlds/World Jazz
580:Three Minutes to Earth
578:with entries such as "
399:In the 1950s, pianist
196:, Middle Eastern, and
983:Levy, Claire (2016).
926:Roberts, John Storm.
835:Coltrane: a Biography
627:Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
257:" and the chords of "
102:Industrial Revolution
498:common to Bulgarian
463:Bulgarian folk music
401:AntĂ´nio Carlos Jobim
819:Nicholson, Stuart.
382:recorded the album
409:Vinicius de Moraes
265:, are centered on
917:Simpkins, p. 163.
908:Simpkins, p. 128.
886:Simpkins, p. 137.
874:Simpkins, p. 130.
865:Simpkins, p. 168.
766:Givan, Benjamin.
522:call and response
372:Tico-Tico no Fubá
215:on commonly used
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303:Afro-Cuban music
51:musical elements
33:, also known as
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895:Liner notes to
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639:1979 Revolution
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610:The Middle East
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429:Astrud Gilberto
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342:Dizzy Gillespie
323:Afro-Cuban jazz
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162:Ornette Coleman
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78:Afro-Cuban jazz
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378:and guitarist
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106:Philip Bohlman
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656:Latin rhythms
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424:Getz/Gilberto
420:
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405:JoĂŁo Gilberto
402:
397:
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390:Verve Records
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350:Carnegie Hall
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237:Hubert Ogunde
234:
231:", named for
230:
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218:
214:
213:improvisation
210:
209:
204:
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195:
191:
190:John Coltrane
185:North America
182:
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171:Marcus Miller
168:
167:Wayne Shorter
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134:Arthur Briggs
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98:Globalization
93:Globalization
85:
83:
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70:New Orleanian
66:
64:
63:John Coltrane
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55:globalization
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967:. Retrieved
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739:
727:. Retrieved
717:
705:. Retrieved
700:
690:
663:
651:
620:World War II
613:
604:2018 contest
592:2014 contest
569:
553:Soviet Union
542:
514:leading tone
503:
487:
472:
457:
442:, including
433:
422:
418:
412:
403:, guitarist
398:
383:
380:Charlie Byrd
365:
363:
327:
310:
306:
301:
285:
271:Indian ragas
251:
242:Africa/Brass
240:
206:
188:
179:
175:Maghreb jazz
158:Yusef Lateef
150:Lester Bowie
148:, trumpeter
146:Randy Weston
138:Bill Coleman
110:
96:
67:
34:
30:
29:
25:world fusion
1089:Jazz genres
643:saxophonist
641:. In 1994,
565:Azerbaijani
500:folk dances
454:The Balkans
407:, and poet
330:Mario Bauzá
292:Tito Puente
263:Miles Davis
255:Impressions
203:Los Angeles
47:world music
969:2020-07-23
844:0915542838
729:January 3,
682:References
658:, Iranian
647:bandmaster
637:after the
635:contraband
631:censorship
530:pentatonic
505:provikvane
444:Tropicália
436:Bossa Nova
419:Jazz Samba
414:bossa nova
394:Desafinado
385:Jazz Samba
346:Chano Pozo
325:or Cubop.
288:Latin jazz
276:lead sheet
152:, drummer
142:gypsy jazz
76:exchange,
35:world jazz
31:Ethno jazz
21:Ethio-jazz
1069:907147475
1036:907147475
1003:907147475
676:Folk jazz
664:Egosystem
446:begun in
376:Stan Getz
319:back beat
235:musician
154:Max Roach
1083:Category
670:See also
584:The Shin
315:cut time
309:and the
233:Nigerian
208:Sun Ship
121:Winnipeg
39:subgenre
964:NPR.org
853:1582506
806:YouTube
786:YouTube
707:22 July
652:talfiqi
602:in the
596:For You
590:in the
576:Georgia
512:to the
338:Machito
259:So What
247:timbral
194:African
88:Origins
59:Western
37:, is a
1067:
1057:
1034:
1024:
1001:
991:
851:
841:
545:Moscow
518:genres
496:meters
360:Brazil
334:maraca
267:scales
229:Ogunde
225:Kenyan
198:Indian
82:Arabic
944:Jazz.
600:Iriao
598:" by
594:and "
582:" by
533:blues
526:modal
448:Bahia
388:with
367:samba
354:bebop
307:rumba
221:bongo
217:conga
74:Cuban
1065:OCLC
1055:ISBN
1032:OCLC
1022:ISBN
999:OCLC
989:ISBN
849:OCLC
839:ISBN
731:2021
709:2020
645:and
624:Shah
616:Iran
586:and
520:via
510:leap
480:and
434:The
298:Cuba
219:and
169:and
160:and
72:and
45:and
43:jazz
574:by
547:by
311:son
119:in
41:of
23:or
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