Environmental law - Knowledge

863: 1837:

minimized, and Japan should contribute actively to global environmental conservation through international cooperation." From these principles, the Japanese government have established policies such as "environmental consideration in policy formulation, establishment of the Basic Environment Plan which describes the directions of long-term environmental policy, environmental impact assessment for development projects, economic measures to encourage activities for reducing environmental load, improvement of social infrastructure such as sewerage system, transport facilities etc., promotion of environmental activities by corporations, citizens and NGOs, environmental education, and provision of information, promotion of science and technology."

104: 1667:, inspired by the African models of the 1990s, the phenomenon of constitutionalization of environmental law appeared in 1992, which completed an historical development of environmental law and policy dating back to the years of independence and even long before the colonization. It gives a constitutional basis to environmental protection, which traditionally was part of the legal framework. The two Constitutions of 15 March 1992 and 20 January 2002 concretize this paradigm, by stating a legal obligation of a clean environment, by establishing a principle of compensation and a foundation of criminal nature. By this 7715: 672: 717:. Unlike pollution control laws, cleanup laws are designed to respond after-the-fact to environmental contamination, and consequently must often define not only the necessary response actions, but also the parties who may be responsible for undertaking (or paying for) such actions. Regulatory requirements may include rules for emergency response, liability allocation, site assessment, remedial investigation, feasibility studies, remedial action, post-remedial monitoring, and site reuse. 497: 5343: 1120:

ideas,... a right of access to appropriate, comprehensible and timely information held by governments and industrial concerns on economic and social policies regarding the sustainable use of natural resources and the protection of the environment, without imposing undue financial burdens upon the applicants and with adequate protection of privacy and business confidentiality," and "effective judicial and administrative proceedings". These principles are present in

8211: 7546: 5357: 556: 8201: 921:, and oversight of timber sales. Forestry laws are also dependent on social and economic contexts of the region in which they are implemented. The development of scientific forestry management is based on the precise measurement of the distribution and volume of wood in a given parcel, the systematic felling of trees, and their replacement by standard, carefully aligned rows of mono-cultural plantations that could be harvested at set times. 1362:

direct correlation between economic development and the distance between law and ethics. Developed countries have a closer relationship between environmental laws and moral values. If a country's legal system is completely divorced from its moral values, people may not abide by the laws and they will lose their significance and effectiveness. Despite environmental regulations, the water in India's River Ganges remains poor as an example.

7558: 790: 662:. Waste laws are generally designed to minimize or eliminate the uncontrolled dispersal of waste materials into the environment in a manner that may cause ecological or biological harm, and include laws designed to reduce the generation of waste and promote or mandate waste recycling. Regulatory efforts include identifying and categorizing waste types and mandating transport, treatment, storage, and disposal practices. 8221: 46: 1644:, "China has been working with great determination in recent years to develop, implement, and enforce a solid environmental law framework. Chinese officials face critical challenges in effectively implementing the laws, clarifying the roles of their national and provincial governments, and strengthening the operation of their legal system." Explosive economic and industrial growth in China has led to 621: 1436:

or the Natura 2000 network the centerpiece for nature & biodiversity policy, encompassing the bird Directive (79/409/EEC/ changed to 2009/147/EC)and the habitats directive (92/43/EEC). Which are made up of multiple SACs (Special Areas of Conservation, linked to the habitats directive) & SPAs (Special Protected Areas, linked to the bird directive), throughout Europe.

1754:, Environmental law is governed by the Environment Protection Act, 1986. This act is enforced by the Central Pollution Control Board and the numerous State Pollution Control Boards. Apart from this, there are also individual legislation specifically enacted for the protection of Water, Air, Wildlife, etc. Such legislations include : 1275:

not wishing to be bound. Examples of customary international law relevant to the environment include the duty to warn other states promptly about icons of an environmental nature and environmental damages to which another state or states may be exposed, and Principle 21 of the Stockholm Declaration ('good neighborliness' or sic utere).

1496:” a crime that can be punished by up to 10 years in prison. The members of the Union should enter it to their national law, during 2 years. The Parliament also approved a nature restoration law which obligate members to restore 20% of degraded ecosystems (including 30% of drained peatland) by 2030 and 100% by 2050. 1094:

resources" – environmental equity considers the present generation under an obligation to account for long-term impacts of activities, and to act to sustain the global environment and resource base for future generations. Pollution control and resource management laws may be assessed against this principle.

1435:

issues secondary legislation on environmental issues that are valid throughout the EU (so called regulations) and many directives that must be implemented into national legislation from the 27 member states (national states). Examples are the Regulation (EC) No. 338/97 on the implementation of CITES;

1413:

and indoor air from cookstoves." They hope to provide enough aid on concerns regarding pollution before their impacts contaminate the African environment as well as the global environment. By doing so, they intend to "protect human health, particularly vulnerable populations such as children and the

1361:

Previous research found that economic development level and the nations' moral value affected environmental regulation compliance. Developed countries like the US, EU, and Australia are urging for better laws targeting the reduction of harmful environmental impacts. It is worth noting that there is a

1274:

is an important source of international environmental law. These are the norms and rules that countries follow as a matter of custom and they are so prevalent that they bind all states in the world. When a principle becomes customary law is not clear cut and many arguments are put forward by states

1422:

The Asian Environmental Compliance and Enforcement Network (AECEN) is an agreement between 16 Asian countries dedicated to improving cooperation with environmental laws in Asia. These countries include Cambodia, China, Indonesia, India, Maldives, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Nepal, Philippines, Pakistan,

1302:

are subsidiary agreements built from a primary treaty. They exist in many areas of international law but are especially useful in the environmental field, where they may be used to regularly incorporate recent scientific knowledge. They also permit countries to reach an agreement on a framework that

1243:

An additional debate is to what extent environmental laws are fair to all regulated parties. For instance, researchers Preston Teeter and Jorgen Sandberg highlight how smaller organizations can often incur disproportionately larger costs as a result of environmental regulations, which can ultimately

1736:

environment, formulation of the national plan and its projects, preparation of environmental profiles for new and urban areas, and setting of standards to be used in planning for their development, and preparation of an annual report on the state of the environment to be prepared to the President."

1695:

to exist and flourish, gives people the authority to petition on the behalf of ecosystems, and requires the government to remedy violations of these rights. The rights approach is a break away from traditional environmental regulatory systems, which regard nature as property and legalize and manage

1609:

is the main piece of Canadian environmental legislation that was put into place March 31, 2000. The Act focuses on "respecting pollution prevention and the protection of the environment and human health in order to contribute to sustainable development." Other principle federal statutes include the

1093:

Defined by UNEP to include intergenerational equity – "the right of future generations to enjoy a fair level of the common patrimony" – and intragenerational equity – "the right of all people within the current generation to fair access to the current generation's entitlement to the Earth's natural

1735:

outlines the responsibilities of the Egyptian government to "preparation of draft legislation and decrees pertinent to environmental management, collection of data both nationally and internationally on the state of the environment, preparation of periodical reports and studies on the state of the

1345:

International environmental law also includes the opinions of international courts and tribunals. While there are few and they have limited authority, the decisions carry much weight with legal commentators and are quite influential on the development of international environmental law. One of the

1007:

Environmental law has developed in response to emerging awareness of—and concern over—issues impacting the world. While laws have developed piecemeal and for a variety of reasons, some effort has gone into identifying key concepts and guiding principles common to environmental law as a whole. Some

585:

in some regulated volume of water. Such standards are generally expressed as levels of a specific water pollutants (whether chemical, physical, biological, or radiological) that are deemed acceptable in the water volume, and are generally designed relative to the water's intended use - whether for

1580:

in 1992 in order to develop better strategies for protecting the environment, using natural resources sustainably, and enforcing public environmental policies. The Ministry of Environment has authority over policies involving environment, water resources, preservation, and environmental programs

1559:

is the centerpiece of environmental legislation in Australia. It sets up the "legal framework to protect and manage nationally and internationally important flora, fauna, ecological communities and heritage places" and focuses on protecting world heritage properties, national heritage properties,

730:

in human activities, particularly human-made chemicals in modern industrial applications. As contrasted with media-oriented environmental laws (e.g., air or water quality laws), chemical control laws seek to manage the (potential) pollutants themselves. Regulatory efforts include banning specific

1719:, and sparked a demand for new approaches to development. In conjunction with this need, the principle of "Buen Vivir," or good living – focused on social, environmental and spiritual wealth versus material wealth – gained popularity among citizens and was incorporated into the new constitution. 1278:

Given that customary international law is not static but ever evolving and the continued increase of air pollution (carbon dioxide) causing climate changes, has led to discussions on whether basic customary principles of international law, such as the jus cogens (peremptory norms) and erga omnes

1536:

and ships slated for destruction, and insufficient institutional structure/lack of enforcement capacity". The Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environmental Programme (SPREP) is an international organization between Australia, the Cook Islands, FMS, Fiji, France, Kiribati, Marshall Islands,

1150:

In order to protect the environment, the precautionary approach shall be widely applied by States according to their capabilities. Where there are threats of serious or irreversible damage, lack of full scientific certainty shall not be used as a reason for postponing cost-effective measures to

1836:

The three basic environmental principles that the Basic Environmental Law follows are "the blessings of the environment should be enjoyed by the present generation and succeeded to the future generations, a sustainable society should be created where environmental loads by human activities are

1119:

Identified as essential conditions for "accountable governments,... industrial concerns", and organizations generally, public participation and transparency are presented by UNEP as requiring "effective protection of the human right to hold and express opinions and to seek, receive and impart

1168:

The concept of prevention can perhaps better be considered an overarching aim that gives rise to a multitude of legal mechanisms, including prior assessment of environmental harm, licensing or authorization that set out the conditions for operation and the consequences for violation of the

1071:, Principle 3 of which reads: "The right to development must be fulfilled so as to equitably meet developmental and environmental needs of present and future generations." Sustainable development has been a core concept of international environmental discussion ever since, including at the 1568:, and the environment surrounding nuclear activities. However, it has been subject to numerous reviews examining its shortcomings, the latest taking place in mid-2020. The interim report of this review concluded that the laws created to protect unique species and habitats are ineffective. 409:. Environmental law is seen as the body of laws concerned with the protection of living things (human beings inclusive) from the harm that human activity may immediately or eventually cause to them or their species, either directly or to the media and the habits on which they depend. 1235:

While affected industries spark controversy in fighting regulation, there are also many environmentalists and public interest groups who believe that current regulations are inadequate, and advocate for stronger protection. Environmental law conferences – such as the annual

1928:

has enacted numerous pieces of legislation to fulfil its obligations under these treaties, such as the Parks and Trees Act, Endangered Species (Import and Export) Act, and Wildlife Act. The new Wildlife (Protected Wildlife Species) Rules 2020 marks the first instance in

1414:

poor." In order to accomplish these goals in Africa, EPA programs are focused on strengthening the ability to enforce environmental laws as well as public compliance to them. Other programs work on developing stronger environmental laws, regulations, and standards.

1802:

The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991 and the Biological Diversity Act, 2002. The acts covered under Indian Wild Life Protection Act 1972 do not fall within the jurisdiction of the National Green Tribunal. Appeals can be filed in the Hon'ble Supreme Court of

1722:

The influence of indigenous groups, from whom the concept of "Buen Vivir" originates, in the forming of the constitutional ideals also facilitated the incorporation of the Rights of Nature as a basic tenet of their culture and conceptualization of "Buen Vivir."

1102:

Defined in the international law context as an obligation to protect one's own environment, and to prevent damage to neighboring environments, UNEP considers transboundary responsibility at the international level as a potential limitation on the rights of the

1537:

Nauru, New Zealand, Niue, Palau, PNG, Samoa, Solomon Island, Tonga, Tuvalu, US, and Vanuatu. The SPREP was established in order to provide assistance in improving and protecting the environment as well as assure sustainable development for future generations.

1184:

The polluter pays principle is the idea that "the environmental costs of economic activities, including the cost of preventing potential harm, should be internalized rather than imposed upon society at large." All issues related to responsibility for cost for

930:

Wildlife laws govern the potential impact of human activity on wild animals, whether directly on individuals or populations, or indirectly via habitat degradation. Similar laws may operate to protect plant species. Such laws may be enacted entirely to protect

767:

of a plan, policy, program, or actual projects prior to the decision to move forward with the proposed action. In this context, the term "environmental impact assessment" is usually used when applied to actual projects by individuals or companies and the term

1197:

Environmental law is a continuing source of controversy. Debates over the necessity, fairness, and cost of environmental regulation are ongoing, as well as regarding the appropriateness of regulations versus market solutions to achieve even agreed-upon ends.

530:. Air quality laws are often designed specifically to protect human health by limiting or eliminating airborne pollutant concentrations. Other initiatives are designed to address broader ecological problems, such as limitations on chemicals that affect the 1208:

over greenhouse gas regulation, and are a major factor in debates over whether to ban particular pesticides. In cases where the science is well-settled, it is not unusual to find that corporations intentionally hide or distort the facts, or sow confusion.

975:). Such laws may restrict the days to harvest fish or game, the number of animals caught per person, the species harvested, or the weapons or fishing gear used. Such laws may seek to balance dueling needs for preservation and harvest and to manage both 1047:

may be considered together with the concepts of "integration" (development cannot be considered in isolation from sustainability) and "interdependence" (social and economic development, and environmental protection, are interdependent). Laws mandating

853:. Mining law covers several basic topics, including the ownership of the mineral resource and who can work them. Mining is also affected by various regulations regarding the health and safety of miners, as well as the environmental impact of mining. 939:, prohibitions on killing, harming, or disturbing protected species, efforts to induce and support species recovery, establishment of wildlife refuges to support conservation, and prohibitions on trafficking in species or animal parts to combat 610:

from construction sites and urban environments. Water quality laws provides the foundation for regulations in water standards, monitoring, required inspections and permits, and enforcement. These laws may be modified to meet current needs and

1169:

conditions, as well as the adoption of strategies and policies. Emission limits and other product or process standards, the use of best available techniques and similar techniques can all be seen as applications of the concept of prevention.

1786:

established under the National Green Tribunal Act of 2010 has jurisdiction over all environmental cases dealing with a substantial environmental question and acts covered under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act,

1833:. The updated law aims to address "global environmental problems, urban pollution by everyday life, loss of accessible natural environment in urban areas and degrading environmental protection capacity in forests and farmlands." 1887:

of the Russian Federation makes regulation regarding "conservation of natural resources, including the subsoil, water bodies, forests located in designated conservation areas, fauna and their habitat, in the field of hunting,

3242: 5851: 1024:

The principles discussed below are not an exhaustive list and are not universally recognized or accepted. Nonetheless, they represent important principles for the understanding of environmental law around the world.

2379:

Enters, Thomas; B. Durst, Patrick; B. Applegate, Grahame; C.S. Kho, Peter; Man, Gary (2001). "29. Policies, strategies and technologies for forest resource protection - William B. Magrath* and Richard Grandalski".

1335: 1220:

the value of an environmental value such as a healthy ecosystem, clean air, or species diversity. Many environmentalists' response to pitting economy vs. ecology is summed up by former Senator and founder of

2219: 5453: 3618: 5523: 1635: 1232:

dimension, which would transcend financial cost. Even so, there are some efforts underway to systemically recognize environmental costs and assets, and account for them properly in economic terms.

1286:

encompass a wide variety of issue-areas, from terrestrial, marine and atmospheric pollution through to wildlife and biodiversity protection. International environmental agreements are generally

5469: 5787: 2452: 1648:, and China is currently in the process of developing more stringent legal controls. The harmonization of Chinese society and the natural environment is billed as a rising policy priority. 1021:

acknowledged that "political realism may call for transitional measures and technologies, so long as these are accompanied by the gradual framing and acceptance of binding commitments".

911:. Forest management is split between private and public management, with public forests being sovereign property of the State. Forestry laws are now considered an international affair. 546:. Regulatory efforts include identifying and categorising air pollutants, setting limits on acceptable emissions levels, and dictating necessary or appropriate mitigation technologies. 5507: 5477: 1386: 1618:. When provincial and federal legislation are in conflict federal legislation takes precedence, that being said individual provinces can have their own legislation such as Ontario's 1314:

While the bodies that proposed, argued, agreed upon, and ultimately adopted existing international agreements vary according to each agreement, certain conferences, including 1972's

6063: 2767: 2324:

Fre., Schmithüsen, Franz Josef Forstwissenschafter, 1940- Ger. Schmithüsen, Franz Josef Forestry scientist, 1940- Eng. Schmithüsen, Franz Josef Ingénieur forestier, 1940- (2007).

3239: 5749: 5733: 5585: 2398: 5867: 1699:

The Rights of Nature articles in Ecuador's constitution are part of a reaction to a combination of political, economic, and social phenomena. Ecuador's abusive past with the

5657: 1555: 6304: 6207: 1986:. In March 2002, the U.S and Vietnam signed the U.S.-Vietnam Memorandum of Understanding on Research on Human Health and the Environmental Effects of Agent Orange/Dioxin. 2797:

Li, R.Y.M.; Li, Y.L.; Crabbe, M.J.C.; Manta, O.; Shoaib, M. The Impact of Sustainability Awareness and Moral Values on Environmental Laws. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5882.

5835: 5819: 5803: 5795: 5741: 2916: 439:

against dumping rubbish, or damage from exploding dams. Private enforcement, however, was limited and found to be woefully inadequate to deal with major environmental

1268:. Debates over environmental concerns implicate core principles of international law and have been the subject of numerous international agreements and declarations. 6483: 5409: 732: 2157: 1237: 6119: 5515: 3116: 2659: 1921: 6545: 6462: 6450: 6297: 5757: 5601: 67: 6025: 2473: 1308: 7832: 7524: 6370: 6273: 1228:, "The economy is a wholly owned subsidiary of the environment, not the other way around." Furthermore, environmental issues are seen by many as having an 1076: 2893: 6113: 586:

human consumption, industrial or domestic use, recreation, or as aquatic habitat. Additionally, these laws provide regulations on the alteration of the

7617: 7460: 6243: 6225: 1315: 1056: 2697:"Constraining or Enabling Green Capability Development? How Policy Uncertainty Affects Organizational Responses to Flexible Environmental Regulations" 5883: 5843: 3035:. Samoa / New Zealand: Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme / New Zealand Centre for Environmental Law, University of Auckland. 1512:

to improve "environmental governance, water pollution and water security, clean fuels and vehicles, public participation, and pollution prevention."

3758: 6355: 5577: 5485: 2349: 2415:"Why Is There No International Forestry Law?: An Examination of International Forestry Regulation, both Public and Private [eScholarship]" 1303:

would be contentious if every detail were to be agreed upon in advance. The most widely known protocol in international environmental law is the

2353: 1060: 1871:

is the main piece of environmental legislation that outlines the government's strategy to managing the "environment, including air, water soil,

577:

govern the protection of water resources for human health and the environment. Water quality laws are legal standards or requirements governing

7485: 6365: 5609: 5531: 2456: 2035: 1856: 1375: 1339: 1283: 1253: 200: 4134: 3988: 6784: 6375: 6347: 6310: 5402: 1884: 1826: 2736:

Jesper Jarl Fanø (2019). Enforcing International Maritime Legislation on Air Pollution through UNCLOS. Hart Publishing. Part IV (Ch. 16-18)

1043:(UNEP) as "development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs," 6290: 5593: 913:

Governmental agencies are generally responsible for planning and implementing forestry laws on public forest lands, and may be involved in

220: 2641: 1212:

It is very common for regulated industry to argue against environmental regulation on the basis of cost. Difficulties arise in performing

7397: 6231: 5547: 5539: 3549: 1916:; with most of its CBD obligations being overseen by the National Biodiversity Reference Centre, a division of its National Parks Board ( 1606: 1346:

biggest challenges in international decisions is to determine an adequate compensation for environmental damages. The courts include the

369: 8229: 2774: 7144: 5633: 5625: 3580: 2696: 1852: 1334:

sometimes create an International Organization, Institution or Body responsible for implementing the agreement. Major examples are the

452: 2330:. ETH, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Department of Environmental Sciences, Institute for Human-Environmental Sciences. 1439:

EU legislation is ruled in Article 249 Treaty for the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). Topics for common EU legislation are:

54: 8224: 5983: 3000: 2059: 1564:

of international importance, nationally threatened species and ecological communities, migratory species, Commonwealth marine areas,

17: 1933:'s history that direct legal protection has been offered for specific named species, as listed in Parts 1-5 of the Rules' schedule. 1651:

Environmental lawsuits have been available in China since the early 2000s. Public protest, however, plays a greater role in shaping

6594: 5946: 5395: 5324: 423:

Examples of laws designed to preserve the environment for its own sake or for human enjoyment are found throughout history. In the

935:, or as a means for protecting species deemed important for other reasons. Regulatory efforts may include the creation of special 6518: 6380: 6189: 6185: 6181: 6177: 6173: 6169: 6165: 6161: 6157: 6153: 2209:

MacKinnon, A. J., Duinker, P. N., Walker, T. R. (2018). The Application of Science in Environmental Impact Assessment. Routledge.

1492:

In February 2024, the European Parliament adopted a law making a big, intentionally caused, environmental damage “comparable to

7610: 7094: 6473: 6316: 6213: 6201: 5875: 5677: 1594: 1601:. Their duties include "the preservation and enhancement of the quality of the natural environment, including water, air and 431:, but this only allowed for private actions for damages or injunctions if there was harm to land. Thus, smells emanating from 8271: 7513: 6561: 6082: 5859: 3330: 3040: 2754: 2619: 1611: 1371: 205: 6261: 6219: 2589: 2448: 2327:

Multifunctional forestry practices as a land use strategy to meet increasing private and public demands in modern societies

1732: 1598: 1577: 1406: 1331: 1040: 3209: 1863:. These positions are responsible for advising the Minister on all areas of environmental legislation. A common theme of 1715:

reforms to bring economic prosperity to the region has resulted in the election of a New Leftist regime, led by President

6533: 6385: 5695: 5641: 5555: 2165: 1704: 591: 862: 8266: 7956: 7496: 7374: 7294: 7134: 7109: 6255: 6019: 5779: 5717: 5687: 5426: 3941: 2227: 2030: 1913: 769: 479:. The basic regulatory structure was to set limits on emissions for households and businesses (particularly burning of 3520: 3304:

Rachel E. Stern, Environmental Litigation in China: A Study in Political Ambivalence (Cambridge University Press 2013)

2537: 2521: 2509: 2497: 2485: 2460: 2366:

KAIMOWITZ, D. (2003). Forest law enforcement and rural livelihoods. The International Forestry Review, 5(3), 199–210.

2186: 8276: 8214: 7603: 7043: 6088: 6031: 5995: 5827: 5497: 4750: 4308: 4207: 3969: 3956: 3927: 3914: 3644: 3250: 2810: 2451:(UNEP) has identified eleven "emerging principles and concepts" in international environmental law, derived from the 1806:

Basel Convention on Control of Transboundary Movements on Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal, 1989 and Its Protocols

1590: 1240:

in Eugene, Oregon – typically have this focus, also connecting environmental law with class, race, and other issues.

603: 3619:"THE JUDICIAL RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT OF THE RIGHT TO ENVIRONMENT:DIFFERING PERSPECTIVES FROM NIGERIA AND INDIA" 7766: 7422: 7379: 6619: 6513: 6493: 6360: 6249: 6195: 6070: 4864: 4733: 3278: 1605:; renewable resources, including migratory birds and other non-domestic flora and fauna; water; meteorology;" The 1052:

and requiring or encouraging development to minimize environmental impacts may be assessed against this principle.

418: 215: 4057: 2677: 8064: 8038: 7417: 7099: 7028: 6967: 6760: 6652: 6149: 6106: 5418: 5319: 4666: 4567: 4089: 1975: 1964: 1942: 1641: 1505: 1121: 1049: 773: 760: 754: 599: 406: 362: 118: 4042: 3734: 7339: 7237: 6772: 6440: 6420: 6131: 6076: 5958: 5725: 5707: 4826: 4460: 3322: 2960: 2015: 1867:

environmental legislation is sustainably managing natural and physical resources, fisheries, and forests. The

1565: 1550:(1983), also known as the "Tasmanian Dam Case", was a highly significant case in Australian environmental law. 1390: 1355: 1347: 776:

forming a part of project approval and decision-making. Environmental assessments may be governed by rules of

333: 210: 195: 7847: 8234: 7951: 7905: 7887: 7583: 7562: 7530: 7407: 7334: 6049: 5567: 4179: 4093: 4016: 1846: 1652: 1645: 918: 103: 7319: 6587: 6013: 4986: 4465: 2564: 1868: 1680: 1619: 1008:

laws are seen as temporary or transitional where political realities prevent adoption of more ideal rules.

780:

regarding public participation and documentation of decision making, and may be subject to judicial review.

3686: 3027: 772:" (SEA) applies to policies, plans and programmes most often proposed by organs of state. It is a tool of 7941: 7427: 7359: 6735: 6478: 6425: 6395: 6278: 6100: 4981: 1271: 459:

around the city in an attempt to "clean up" but this simply led people to pollute the river. In 19 days,

31: 3276:

Wang, Alex (2013). "The Search for Sustainable Legitimacy: Environmental Law and Bureaucracy in China".

8261: 7756: 7129: 6750: 6629: 5905: 4956: 4455: 3993: 2397:"Principles of sustainable tropical forest management where wood production is the primary objective". 1205: 355: 2587:

Pizer & Kopp, Calculating the Costs of Environmental Regulation, 1 (2003 Resources for the Future)

2058:

Phillipe Sands (2003) Principles of International Environmental Law. 2nd Edition. p. xxi Available at

594:

in water resources, and limiting pollutant discharges from effluent sources. Regulatory areas include

7329: 7124: 6962: 6614: 6468: 6405: 6284: 6267: 6137: 6043: 6007: 5039: 1623: 1351: 1213: 1186: 1152: 690: 684: 676: 590:. Regulatory efforts may include identifying and categorizing water pollutants, dictating acceptable 338: 246: 138: 3436: 3390: 2400:

Guidelines for the management of tropical forests 1. The production of wood (FAO forestry paper 135)

8171: 8109: 7973: 7867: 7819: 7672: 7626: 7262: 7139: 7104: 6853: 6843: 6817: 6556: 6551: 6488: 5811: 4834: 4816: 4069: 4047: 3485:

Becker, Marc. 2011 Correa, Indigenous Movements, and the Writing of a New Constitution in Ecuador.

2863: 1893: 1745: 1125: 1088: 389:, agreements and common law that governs how humans interact with their environment. This includes 283: 5168: 4139: 451:

began to smell so ghastly in the summer heat that Parliament had to be evacuated. Ironically, the

7993: 7968: 7946: 7877: 7746: 7652: 7550: 7324: 7167: 6977: 6949: 6672: 6662: 6580: 6336: 6143: 5209: 4996: 4485: 4470: 3878: 2894:"'Revolutionary': EU Parliament votes to criminalise most serious cases of ecosystem destruction" 1925: 1830: 1822: 1671:, Congolese environmental law is situated between non-regression and the search for efficiency." 1546: 1179: 1137: 1044: 1034: 428: 59: 8144: 8091: 7915: 7900: 7576: 7569: 7389: 7344: 7299: 7114: 7078: 7068: 6863: 6838: 6822: 6807: 6789: 5264: 5249: 1520:

The main concerns about environmental issues in Oceania are "illegal releases of air and water

1259: 1244:

create an additional barrier to entry for new firms, thus stifling competition and innovation.

464: 3854: 3556: 3291: 2660:"Climate Coalition Vows 'Peaceful, Escalated' Actions Until 'We Break Free from Fossil Fuels'" 7963: 7862: 7677: 7467: 7412: 7369: 7252: 7227: 7192: 6868: 6456: 6445: 6330: 6323: 6037: 6001: 5913: 5445: 5368: 4961: 4639: 4450: 3423: 3377: 2005: 1691:. The Constitution, specifically Articles 10 and 71–74, recognizes the inalienable rights of 1664: 1405:, freshwater availability, degradation of soil and vegetation, and widespread poverty." The 1319: 992: 647: 323: 288: 3162: 1142:

One of the most commonly encountered and controversial principles of environmental law, the

8149: 8139: 8053: 8019: 7857: 7827: 7687: 7432: 7402: 7354: 7349: 7272: 7177: 7073: 6896: 6755: 6740: 6715: 6700: 6657: 6539: 5989: 5665: 5617: 5089: 4435: 2010: 2000: 1953: 1897: 1860: 1469: 1229: 764: 639: 633: 625: 133: 3665: 3055: 3004: 2254: 8: 8181: 7364: 7247: 7242: 6987: 6906: 6725: 6705: 6695: 6435: 6430: 5952: 5437: 5244: 4384: 4301: 2071: 1708: 1615: 1323: 1287: 1217: 996: 976: 936: 903:. Forestry laws generally adopt management policies for public forest resources, such as 659: 271: 251: 159: 3089: 1900:

and control, and functions of public environmental policy making and implementation and

1159:

The principle may play a role in any debate over the need for environmental regulation.

8204: 8176: 8154: 7809: 7736: 7682: 7662: 7309: 7304: 6939: 6901: 6858: 6777: 5461: 5059: 4718: 4572: 4557: 4535: 4279: 4259: 4212: 4202: 3336: 2719: 2608: 2343: 2143: 988: 980: 819: 777: 527: 476: 236: 154: 1111:

imposed upon human health and the environment may be assessed against this principle.

8200: 8134: 8124: 7983: 7910: 7872: 7699: 7647: 7634: 7518: 7501: 7472: 7267: 7151: 6957: 6710: 6647: 6498: 6125: 6055: 5971: 5044: 4966: 4804: 4547: 4542: 4495: 4414: 4254: 4172: 3965: 3952: 3937: 3923: 3910: 3640: 3594: 3574: 3326: 3287: 3036: 2750: 2723: 2615: 2381: 2331: 2223: 2040: 2025: 2020: 1983: 1402: 1327: 1265: 1072: 1013: 655: 574: 568: 560: 535: 394: 298: 128: 3317:

Esarey, Ashley; Haddad, Mary Alice; Lewis, Joanna I.; Harrell, Stevan, eds. (2020).

3184: 2938: 2581:

In the United States, estimates of environmental regulation total costs reach 2% of

2279: 1055:

The modern concept of sustainable development was a topic of discussion at the 1972

385:

are laws that protect the environment. Environmental law is the collection of laws,

8114: 7731: 7442: 7314: 7289: 7182: 7008: 6982: 6934: 6929: 6911: 6848: 6799: 6720: 6690: 6685: 6642: 6415: 5049: 5016: 4515: 4379: 4374: 4339: 3964:

Malik, Surender & Sudeep Malik, eds. (2015). Supreme Court on Environment Law.

3226: 2841: 2711: 2422: 2306: 2115: 1889: 1688: 1486: 1459: 1453: 1410: 1291: 914: 595: 588:

chemical, physical, radiological, and biological characteristics of water resources

582: 436: 328: 5387: 3263: 3141: 1875:, the coastal environment, noise, subdivision, and land use planning in general." 1483:

Cooperation for the environment with third countries (other than EU member states)

963:

Fish and game laws regulate the right to pursue and take or kill certain kinds of

8086: 8069: 8044: 8034: 7988: 7704: 7694: 7277: 7187: 7172: 7038: 7003: 6812: 6094: 5931: 5769: 5649: 5298: 5271: 5259: 5239: 5173: 5151: 5131: 5126: 5106: 4971: 4951: 4946: 4849: 4809: 4520: 4445: 4369: 4354: 4274: 4052: 3473: 3246: 3213: 2593: 2533: 1529: 1525: 1478: 1464: 1143: 1104: 1068: 908: 807: 651: 515: 509: 501: 123: 3068: 2586: 1409:(EPA) is focused on the "growing urban and industrial pollution, water quality, 8024: 8009: 7804: 7784: 7741: 7714: 7202: 7119: 7053: 7048: 6767: 6745: 6680: 6603: 6508: 5375: 5183: 5101: 4690: 4656: 4607: 4592: 4364: 4269: 4249: 4239: 3499: 3206: 3117:"Australia's environment in unsustainable state of decline, major review finds" 3029:

Multilateral Environmental Agreement Negotiator's Handbook: Pacific Region 2013

1995: 1443: 1432: 1336:

Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora

1304: 1225: 1017: 607: 543: 313: 5852:

Los Angeles County Flood Control District v. Natural Resources Defense Council

3855:"Wildlife (Protected Wildlife Species) Rules 2020 - Singapore Statutes Online" 1279:

principles could be applicable for enforcing international environmental law.

8255: 8161: 8076: 7936: 7931: 7507: 7232: 7217: 7212: 7197: 7018: 6972: 6730: 6523: 6503: 5229: 5188: 5074: 5054: 5026: 4976: 4941: 4915: 4910: 4903: 4854: 4794: 4634: 4624: 4582: 4505: 4500: 4430: 4389: 4313: 3902: 2403:. Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 1998. 2386:. Kuching, Malaysia: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2335: 1716: 1448: 1398: 1108: 958: 811: 710: 587: 578: 519: 468: 293: 174: 3409:"La constitutionnalisation du droit de l'environnement au Congo-Brazzaville" 3340: 2715: 2414: 2310: 1924:, with its obligations under that treaty also being overseen by NParks. The 1124:, laws requiring publication and access to relevant environmental data, and 496: 8166: 8101: 7837: 7799: 7789: 7761: 7751: 7595: 7480: 6878: 6637: 6410: 5361: 5111: 5079: 5034: 4772: 4767: 4738: 4651: 4629: 4597: 4530: 4510: 4404: 4344: 4334: 4286: 4244: 4222: 4165: 4032: 3528: 2300: 2129: 1872: 1700: 1602: 1473: 1064: 1009: 932: 904: 888: 881: 874: 867: 815: 714: 448: 318: 169: 3989:

Around the world, environmental laws are under attack in all sorts of ways

2814: 1189:

and compliance with pollution control regulations involve this principle.

8186: 8119: 7895: 7842: 7667: 7063: 7058: 7023: 6886: 6528: 5283: 5224: 5214: 5011: 5006: 4844: 4745: 4661: 4620: 4587: 4552: 4475: 4399: 4349: 4264: 3713:"Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of the Russian Federation" 1864: 1773:

The Biological Diversity Act, 2002 and the Wild Life Protection Act, 1972

1770:

Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) (Union Territories) Rules, 1983

1509: 1299: 1264:

Global and regional environmental issues are increasingly the subject of

972: 968: 698: 671: 531: 444: 3807:"Endangered Species (Import and Export) Act - Singapore Statutes Online" 2964: 2427: 2383:

Applying Reduced Impact Logging to Advance Sustainable Forest Management

642:

govern the transport, treatment, storage, and disposal of all manner of

8059: 7776: 7222: 7207: 7033: 7013: 5964: 5347: 5276: 5156: 5094: 4839: 4760: 4755: 4713: 4695: 4683: 4644: 4490: 4480: 4440: 4425: 4409: 4359: 4296: 4291: 3806: 3451:"CELDF | Community Rights Pioneers | Protecting Nature and Communities" 2367: 2220:

Environmental Impact Assessment: A Guide to Best Professional Practices

1825:

is the basic structure of Japan's environmental policies replacing the

1712: 1668: 1201: 838: 832: 736: 523: 472: 460: 424: 386: 266: 241: 164: 1636:

Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China

1350:(ICJ), the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS), the 8129: 8081: 8028: 8014: 7794: 7491: 7437: 6891: 6237: 5977: 5895: 5524:

Baltimore Gas & Electric Co. v. Natural Resources Defense Council

5254: 5219: 5161: 5136: 5001: 4898: 4886: 4871: 4859: 4787: 4705: 4678: 4562: 4070:

American Bar Association Section of Environment, Energy and Resources

3782: 2987:"Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environmental Programme (SPREP)" 2798: 2325: 1930: 1692: 1521: 1222: 983:

of fish and game. Game laws can provide a legal structure to collect

801: 794: 694: 539: 475:" of 1952, which in turn triggered its own legislative response: the 256: 5342: 4037: 3830: 3408: 3362: 8049: 7852: 7657: 7642: 7284: 5303: 5288: 4991: 4876: 4673: 4217: 4144: 3251:

Environmental Law in China: Mitigating Risk and Ensuring Compliance

2302:

Justice in the forest: rural livelihoods and forest law enforcement

2158:"WHO | Developing drinking-water quality regulations and standards" 1783: 1561: 952: 940: 896: 789: 727: 706: 343: 308: 303: 276: 179: 3363:"L'ambivalence du droit de l'environnement en République du Congo" 2917:"European parliament votes for watered-down law to restore nature" 2378: 1504:

Environmental law is rapidly growing in the Middle East. The U.S.

1387:

International Network for Environmental Compliance and Enforcement

7723: 7257: 6572: 6064:

Scenic Hudson Preservation Conference v. Federal Power Commission

5193: 5141: 5121: 5069: 4881: 4799: 4615: 4577: 4525: 3712: 3155: 2642:"Can the World Really Set Aside Half of the Planet for Wildlife?" 1901: 1684: 1533: 1493: 984: 900: 846: 555: 456: 432: 402: 261: 45: 6921: 5750:

Weyerhaeuser Company v. United States Fish and Wildlife Service

5734:

Babbitt v. Sweet Home Chapter of Communities for a Great Oregon

5293: 5146: 4891: 4782: 4777: 4723: 4394: 3690: 3476:. 2011. Buen Vivir: Today's Tomorrow Development 54(4):441-447. 3025: 2072:"What is Environmental Law? | Becoming an Environmental Lawyer" 1979: 1917: 1809: 1295: 892: 850: 440: 398: 5868:

National Association of Manufacturers v. Department of Defense

5820:

National Association of Home Builders v. Defenders of Wildlife

5742:

National Association of Home Builders v. Defenders of Wildlife

5658:

HollyFrontier Cheyenne Refining v. Renewable Fuels Association

4033:

Wildlife Interest Group, American Society of International Law

2747:

Compensation for Environmental Damages Under International Law

2476:, paragraph 180, published 24 May 2015, accessed 28 April 2024 1761:

The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1977

1059:(Stockholm Conference), and the driving force behind the 1983 5234: 5178: 5084: 4925: 4728: 4227: 2562: 1779:

Recycled Plastics, Plastics Manufacture and Usage Rules, 1999

1751: 1556:

Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999

1394: 643: 4084: 3634: 1857:

Office of the Parliamentary Commissioner for the Environment

1790:

Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Rules, 1978

455:

had allowed the Metropolitan Commission for Sewers to close

5836:

Coeur Alaska, Inc. v. Southeast Alaska Conservation Council

5804:

S. D. Warren Co. v. Maine Board of Environmental Protection

5796:

South Florida Water Management District v. Miccosukee Tribe

5116: 5064: 4920: 4318: 4234: 3319:

Greening East Asia: The Rise of the Eco-Developmental State

964: 702: 620: 480: 6484:

National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants

4188: 4112: 2582: 2550: 1758:

The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974

995:

efforts as well as to obtain harvest information used in

842: 5516:

Metropolitan Edison Co. v. People Against Nuclear Energy

4106: 4027: 4022: 4011: 3316: 2986: 2871: 2187:"Environmental Law - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics" 1324:

United Nations Conference on Environment and Development

1114: 443:, particularly threats to common resources. During the " 7462:

UN Conference on the Human Environment (Stockholm 1972)

4079: 4074: 1982:

remediation and technical assistance in order to lower

1922:

Convention on International Trade in Endangered Animals

1767:

The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981

1696:

degradation of the environment rather than prevent it.

1063:(WCED, or Bruntland Commission). In 1992, the first UN 5758:

United States Fish and Wildlife Service v. Sierra Club

5602:

Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation v. EPA

5478:

Friends of the Earth v. Laidlaw Environmental Services

4157: 3951:. The Hague: Eleven International Publishing. 142 pp. 3922:

Bimal N. Patel, ed. (2015). MCQ on Environmental Law.

3269: 2305:. Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR). 2091: 1812:

Wastes (Management and Handling) Amendment Rules, 2003

1423:

Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam, and Lao PDR.

4122: 3450: 1711:, and the failure of an extraction-based economy and 1309:

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

806:

Water resources laws govern the ownership and use of

6274:

Alien Species Prevention and Enforcement Act of 1992

4058:

Upholding Environmental Laws in Asia and the Pacific

2280:"What is Forestry Law? - Becoming a Forestry Lawyer" 1687:

became the first country in the world to codify the

1077:

United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development

526:. A specialized subset of air quality laws regulate 6114:

Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act

5417: 4117: 4043:

Interamerican Association for Environmental Defense

3402: 3400: 3356: 3354: 3352: 3350: 1597:in the Canadian government as well as the position 6244:Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act 3947:Faure, Michael, and Niels Philipsen, eds. (2014). 3026:Taylor, Prue; Stroud, Lucy; Peteru, Clark (2013). 2891: 2607: 2461:Training Manual on International Environmental Law 1316:United Nations Conference on the Human Environment 1247: 1146:formulated the precautionary principle as follows: 1057:United Nations Conference on the Human Environment 731:chemical constituents in consumer products (e.g., 483:) while an inspectorate would enforce compliance. 6298:Coalition for Responsible Regulation, Inc. v. EPA 4135:Europa: Environmental rules of the European Union 4090:"Law Journals: Submission and Ranking, 2007-2014" 3783:"Parks and Trees Act - Singapore Statutes Online" 793:An irrigation ditch, operated in accordance with 427:, the primary protection was found in the law of 8253: 6356:Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry 6120:Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act 5486:BP P.L.C. v. Mayor and City Council of Baltimore 3974:Martin, Paul & Amanda Kennedy, eds. (2015). 3397: 3347: 1298:(a.k.a. convention, agreement, protocol, etc.). 27:Branch of law concerning the natural environment 3082: 2407: 2390: 2372: 2317: 1776:Batteries (Management and Handling) Rules, 2001 1320:World Commission on Environment and Development 1097: 1061:World Commission on Environment and Development 7486:Rio Declaration on Environment and Development 6366:National Highway Traffic Safety Administration 5610:Department of Transportation v. Public Citizen 5532:Department of Transportation v. Public Citizen 4140:Europa: Summaries of Legislation - Environment 2892:Mølgaard Henriksen, Mette (27 February 2024). 2694: 2563:The Christian Science Monitor (22 June 2010). 2036:List of international environmental agreements 1376:List of international environmental agreements 1340:International Union for Conservation of Nature 1254:List of international environmental agreements 7611: 6588: 6376:United States Environmental Protection Agency 6026:Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act 5403: 4173: 3934:Cases and Materials on Environmental Law, 9th 2749:, Kluwer Law International, The Hague, 2011, 1885:Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment 1827:Basic Law for Environmental Pollution Control 845:relating to the legal requirements affecting 363: 7625: 5586:Chevron v. Natural Resources Defense Council 4048:United Kingdom Environmental Law Association 4023:Environmental Law Alliance Worldwide (E-LAW) 3595:"THE INDIAN WILDLIFE (PROTECTION) ACT, 1972" 2348:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 2092:"NOUN | National Open University of Nigeria" 1238:Public Interest Environmental Law Conference 447:" of 1858, the dumping of sewerage into the 6232:Uranium Mill Tailings Radiation Control Act 5548:Winter v. Natural Resources Defense Council 5540:Norton v. Southern Utah Wilderness Alliance 3871: 3679: 3406: 3360: 3177: 2931: 1974:Vietnam is currently working with the U.S. 822:, use restrictions, and ownership regimes. 624:A municipal landfill, operated pursuant to 405:, or fisheries; and related topics such as 7618: 7604: 7557: 6595: 6581: 6226:Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act 5634:American Electric Power Co. v. Connecticut 5626:Environmental Defense v. Duke Energy Corp. 5578:Train v. Natural Resources Defense Council 5410: 5396: 4180: 4166: 4028:Centre for International Environmental Law 3831:"Wildlife Act - Singapore Statutes Online" 2953: 2695:Teeter, Preston; Sandberg, Jorgen (2016). 2352:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 1173: 1131: 1028: 742: 675:Oil spill emergency response, governed by 500:Industrial air pollution now regulated by 453:Metropolitan Commission of Sewers Act 1848 370: 356: 7497:Convention on Biological Diversity (1992) 5984:North Pacific Fur Seal Convention of 1911 5953:Forest Service Organic Administration Act 5594:Whitman v. American Trucking Associations 3061: 2768:"ECtHR case-law factsheet on environment" 2426: 559:A typical stormwater outfall, subject to 7525:UN Conference on Sustainable Development 5947:Yellowstone National Park Protection Act 5325:History of the American legal profession 3660: 3658: 3656: 3521:"THE ENVIRONMENT (PROTECTION) ACT, 1986" 2914: 2610:Beyond Earth Day: Fulfilling the Promise 1920:). Singapore is also a signatory of the 1284:legally binding international agreements 861: 788: 670: 619: 554: 495: 70:of all important aspects of the article. 6381:United States Fish and Wildlife Service 3467: 3240:China Partnership for Environmental Law 3108: 1328:World Summit on Sustainable Development 1073:World Summit on Sustainable Development 726:Chemical safety laws govern the use of 606:waste water management, and control of 14: 8254: 7095:Corporate environmental responsibility 6474:National Ambient Air Quality Standards 6317:Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act 6214:Resource Conservation and Recovery Act 6202:Hazardous Materials Transportation Act 5876:County of Maui v. Hawaii Wildlife Fund 4118:Canadian Environmental Law Association 3705: 3579:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 3479: 3134: 2961:"INECE Regions - Asia and the Pacific" 2836: 2834: 2832: 2678:"A Guide to Environmental Non-Profits" 2605: 2459:, and more recent developments. UNEP, 925: 666: 201:International environmental agreements 66:Please consider expanding the lead to 7599: 6576: 6562:Uranium Mill Tailings Remedial Action 6083:Environmental Quality Improvement Act 5860:Army Corps of Engineers v. Hawkes Co. 5470:Lujan v. National Wildlife Federation 5391: 4161: 4148: 4123:Environmental Law Centre (of Alberta) 3936:. West Academic Publishing. 1008 pp. 3653: 3635:Surendra Malik, Sudeep Malik (2015). 3492: 3443: 3312: 3310: 2993: 2803: 2298: 2238: 2119:(1610) 9 Co Rep 57b; (1610) 77 ER 816 1646:significant environmental degradation 1612:Canadian Environmental Assessment Act 1576:The Brazilian government created the 1372:List of environmental laws by country 1358:and other regional treaty tribunals. 1332:Multilateral environmental agreements 1115:Public participation and transparency 467:. London also suffered from terrible 8220: 7468:Brundtlandt Commission Report (1983) 6291:Energy Independence and Security Act 6262:National Environmental Education Act 4149: 4075:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 4012:United Nations Environment Programme 3949:Environmental Law & European Law 3732: 3275: 2449:United Nations Environment Programme 2368:http://www.jstor.org/stable/43740118 2323: 1407:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 1041:United Nations Environment Programme 825: 747: 735:in plastic bottles), and regulating 486: 221:Supranational environmental agencies 39: 6534:Significant New Alternatives Policy 6386:U.S. Global Change Research Program 5696:Southern Union Co. v. United States 5642:Utility Air Regulatory Group v. EPA 5556:Monsanto Co. v. Geertson Seed Farms 3932:Farber & Carlson, eds. (2013). 3163:"Department of the Environment Act" 3114: 2915:Niranjan, Ajit (27 February 2024). 2829: 1796:The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 1764:The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 1528:/timber trade, illegal shipment of 1365: 1204:of scientific uncertainty fuel the 857: 615: 528:the quality of air inside buildings 24: 7110:Environmental full-cost accounting 6602: 6311:America's Water Infrastructure Act 6301:(D.C. Cir. Court of Appeals, 2012) 6020:Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act 5780:United States v. Riverside Bayview 5718:Tennessee Valley Authority v. Hill 5688:City of Philadelphia v. New Jersey 3982: 3307: 3227:China Environmental Law Initiative 3094:Independent review of the EPBC Act 2799:https://doi.org/10.3390/su13115882 2031:List of environmental law journals 1914:Convention on Biological Diversity 1330:have been particularly important. 880:This paragraph is an excerpt from 831:This paragraph is an excerpt from 784: 770:strategic environmental assessment 753:This paragraph is an excerpt from 721: 683:This paragraph is an excerpt from 632:This paragraph is an excerpt from 567:This paragraph is an excerpt from 508:This paragraph is an excerpt from 463:passed a further Act to build the 25: 8288: 7044:Run-of-the-river hydroelectricity 6327:(5th Cir. Court of Appeals, 2022) 6089:National Environmental Policy Act 6067:(2nd Cir. Court of Appeals, 1965) 5828:Entergy Corp. v. Riverkeeper Inc. 5788:SWANCC v. Army Corps of Engineers 4309:Restitution and unjust enrichment 4080:Environmental Law Institute (ELI) 4000: 3881:. Environmental Protection Agency 2941:. Environmental Protection Agency 2844:. Environmental Protection Agency 2606:Nelson, Gaylord (November 2002). 1947: 1896:and pollution control, including 1591:Department of the Environment Act 1508:is working with countries in the 1426: 866:A timber operation, regulated by 701:from environmental media such as 581:, that is, the concentrations of 8219: 8210: 8209: 8199: 7767:Traditional ecological knowledge 7713: 7556: 7545: 7544: 7514:UN Millennium Declaration (2000) 6514:Presidential Climate Action Plan 6494:New Source Performance Standards 6361:Council on Environmental Quality 6250:Emergency Wetlands Resources Act 5356: 5355: 5341: 3879:"Vietnam International Programs" 3637:Supreme Court on Environment Law 3279:Harvard Environmental Law Review 1958: 1912:Singapore is a signatory of the 1216:of environmental issues. It is 1079:(Earth Summit 2012, or Rio+20). 946: 895:, most commonly with respect to 891:govern activities in designated 550: 419:List of years in the environment 407:environmental impact assessments 102: 44: 8065:Science, technology and society 7100:Corporate social responsibility 7029:Ocean thermal energy conversion 6968:Community-supported agriculture 6653:Human impact on the environment 6150:Water Resources Development Act 6107:Coastal Zone Management Program 5419:United States environmental law 5320:History of the legal profession 3907:Ecology & International Law 3847: 3823: 3799: 3775: 3751: 3726: 3628: 3611: 3587: 3542: 3513: 3298: 3256: 3232: 3219: 3199: 3049: 3019: 2979: 2908: 2885: 2856: 2842:"Africa International Programs" 2791: 2760: 2739: 2730: 2688: 2670: 2652: 2634: 2599: 2575: 2556: 2543: 2527: 2515: 2503: 2491: 2479: 2466: 2441: 2360: 2292: 2272: 2247: 2232: 2212: 1976:Environmental Protection Agency 1965:United States environmental law 1943:South African environmental law 1936: 1642:Environmental Protection Agency 1506:Environmental Protection Agency 1248:International environmental law 1122:environmental impact assessment 1050:environmental impact assessment 818:. Regulatory areas may include 763:(EIA) is the assessment of the 761:Environmental impact assessment 755:Environmental impact assessment 393:; laws governing management of 119:Environmental impact assessment 58:may be too short to adequately 7340:Socially responsible marketing 6441:Environmental impact statement 6421:Corporate average fuel economy 6305:Lautenberg Chemical Safety Act 5726:Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife 4019:(Gateway to Environmental Law) 3976:Implementing Environmental Law 3759:"National Parks Board (CITES)" 3733:Unit, Biosafety (2006-06-20). 3687:"Ministry for the Environment" 3323:University of Washington Press 3207:Canada's Legal System Overview 3058:(1983) 158 CLR 1 (1 July 1983) 3001:"Agreement Establishing SPREP" 2218:Eccleston, Charles H. (2011). 2203: 2179: 2150: 2136: 2122: 2108: 2084: 2064: 2052: 2016:Environmental racism in Europe 1840: 1566:Great Barrier Reef Marine Park 1499: 1391:environmental issues in Africa 1356:European Court of Human Rights 1348:International Court of Justice 491: 471:, and this culminated in the " 334:Right to a healthy environment 68:provide an accessible overview 13: 1: 7906:Religion and environmentalism 7531:Sustainable Development Goals 7335:Socially responsible business 4094:Washington and Lee University 3909:. Moscow: АST-PRESS. 512 pp. 3896: 3639:(2015 ed.). India: EBC. 2704:British Journal of Management 2569:The Christian Science Monitor 1847:New Zealand environmental law 1799:Wildlife protection Act, 1972 1658: 1595:Department of the Environment 1162: 1075:(Earth Summit 2002), and the 1002: 596:sewage treatment and disposal 206:Environmental laws by country 8272:Environmental social science 7969:Environmental interpretation 6220:Toxic Substances Control Act 4107:West Coast Environmental Law 1907: 1869:Resource Management Act 1991 1853:Ministry for the Environment 1733:Environmental Protection Law 1653:China's environmental policy 1620:Environmental Bill of Rights 1607:Environmental Protection Act 1540: 1098:Transboundary responsibility 7: 7942:Environmental communication 7360:Sustainability organization 7145:Standards and certification 6736:Social return on investment 6479:National Climate Assessment 6426:Discharge Monitoring Report 6279:Food Quality Protection Act 6101:Coastal Zone Management Act 4053:Lexadin global law database 3666:"The Basic Environment Law" 3487:Latin American Perspectives 3407:Nzaou-Kongo, Aubin (2014). 3361:Nzaou-Kongo, Aubin (2016). 1989: 1599:Minister of the Environment 1272:Customary international law 10: 8293: 7757:Environmental anthropology 6785:Systemic change resistance 6256:Global Change Research Act 5906:United States v. Bestfoods 4987:International legal theory 4466:International slavery laws 4461:International human rights 4456:International criminal law 3264:Environmental Law in China 3115:Cox, Lisa (20 July 2020). 1969: 1962: 1951: 1940: 1844: 1743: 1679:With the enactment of the 1674: 1633: 1515: 1369: 1307:, which followed from the 1257: 1251: 1177: 1135: 1086: 1032: 956: 950: 879: 872: 830: 799: 765:environmental consequences 752: 691:Environmental cleanup laws 682: 631: 566: 507: 416: 412: 29: 8267:Environmental law schools 8195: 8100: 8002: 7924: 7886: 7818: 7775: 7722: 7711: 7633: 7540: 7451: 7388: 7160: 7087: 6996: 6963:Climate-smart agriculture 6948: 6920: 6877: 6831: 6798: 6671: 6628: 6610: 6529:Section 608 Certification 6469:Maximum contaminant level 6406:Best available technology 6394: 6346: 6052:(1963, 1970, 1977, 1990) 6032:Air Pollution Control Act 5996:Migratory Bird Treaty Act 5928: 5894: 5768: 5706: 5676: 5566: 5496: 5425: 5335: 5312: 5202: 5040:Administration of justice 5025: 4934: 4825: 4704: 4606: 4327: 4195: 4155: 4038:EarthRights International 3978:. Edward Elgar Publishing 2453:1972 Stockholm Conference 2243:. Routledge. p. 227. 2061:Accessed 19 February 2020 1878: 1584: 1571: 1380: 1352:European Court of Justice 1192: 1187:environmental remediation 1153:environmental degradation 1107:. Laws that act to limit 1082: 685:Environmental cleanup law 677:environmental cleanup law 391:environmental regulations 339:War and environmental law 247:Climate change litigation 139:Environmental cleanup law 18:Environmental legislation 8277:Environmental protection 8172:Sustainable architecture 8110:Arts and Crafts movement 7974:Environmental journalism 7868:Environmental philosophy 7627:Environmental humanities 7105:Environmental accounting 6854:Sustainable architecture 6844:Environmental technology 6557:Toxicity category rating 6552:Total maximum daily load 6489:National Priorities List 6371:Office of Surface Mining 6196:Federal Noxious Weed Act 6097:(1972, 1977, 1987, 2014) 6071:Solid Waste Disposal Act 5812:Rapanos v. United States 4817:Basic structure doctrine 4667:Natural and legal rights 4548:Public international law 3918:(in English and Russian) 2241:Encyclopedia of the City 2046: 1894:environmental monitoring 1859:were established by the 1816: 1746:Indian environmental law 1739: 1726: 1629: 1126:administrative procedure 1089:Intergenerational equity 778:administrative procedure 774:environmental management 592:pollutant concentrations 284:Environmental personhood 216:Environmental ministries 7994:Thematic interpretation 7947:Environmental education 7747:Ecological anthropology 7653:Environmental sculpture 6978:Sustainable agriculture 6519:Renewable Fuel Standard 6337:Inflation Reduction Act 6144:Safe Drinking Water Act 4997:Principle of typicality 4471:International trade law 4187: 3056:Commonwealth v Tasmania 2811:"INECE Regions- Africa" 2716:10.1111/1467-8551.12188 1926:Parliament of Singapore 1831:Nature Conservation Law 1823:Basic Environmental Law 1793:Ganga Action Plan, 1986 1705:class-action litigation 1578:Ministry of Environment 1547:Commonwealth v Tasmania 1417: 1180:Polluter pays principle 1174:Polluter pays principle 1138:Precautionary principle 1132:Precautionary principle 1045:sustainable development 1035:Sustainable development 1029:Sustainable development 743:Resource sustainability 518:govern the emission of 8145:Landscape architecture 8092:Sustainability studies 7901:Environmental theology 7521:(Rio+10, Johannesburg) 7390:Sustainable management 7375:Urban drainage systems 7115:Environmental planning 7079:Water recycling shower 7069:Tidal stream generator 6864:Sustainable industries 6823:Sustainable population 6808:Demographic transition 6790:Tragedy of the commons 6132:Endangered Species Act 6077:Endangered Species Act 5959:Rivers and Harbors Act 5508:United States v. SCRAP 5454:Vermont Yankee v. NRDC 3431:Cite journal requires 3385:Cite journal requires 1655:than litigation does. 1640:According to the U.S. 1581:involving the Amazon. 1260:Environmental protocol 1157: 991:which is used to fund 870: 797: 693:govern the removal of 679: 628: 563: 504: 465:London sewerage system 211:Environmental lawsuits 196:Environmental journals 7964:Environmental history 7863:Environmental justice 7413:Humanistic capitalism 7228:Environmental finance 6869:Sustainable packaging 6457:Executive Order 13990 6451:Executive Order 13432 6446:Environmental justice 6331:CHIPS and Science Act 6038:Fish and Wildlife Act 5914:Guam v. United States 5446:Sierra Club v. Morton 4992:Principle of legality 4751:Delegated legislation 4451:Intellectual property 4109:(non-profit law firm) 4096:, Lexington, Virginia 2311:10.17528/cifor/001939 2255:"Forestry regulation" 2239:Caves, R. W. (2004). 2191:www.sciencedirect.com 2006:Environmental justice 1258:Further information: 1218:difficult to quantify 1214:cost–benefit analysis 1148: 1087:Further information: 957:Further information: 937:conservation statuses 865: 792: 674: 648:municipal solid waste 640:Waste management laws 623: 558: 499: 324:Public trust doctrine 289:Environmental justice 147:Natural resources law 111:Pollution control law 30:For the journal, see 8140:Environmental design 8020:Biophilia hypothesis 7858:Environmental ethics 7828:Aesthetics of nature 7380:Urban infrastructure 7074:Water heat recycling 6897:Conservation biology 6741:Steady-state economy 6716:Micro-sustainability 6701:Ecological footprint 6658:Planetary boundaries 6540:State of the Climate 6208:Magnuson–Stevens Act 6014:McSweeney-McNary Act 5666:West Virginia v. EPA 5618:Massachusetts v. EPA 5210:Barristers' chambers 5152:Legal representation 5090:Justice of the peace 4436:Financial regulation 3238:Vermont Law School, 3185:"Environment Canada" 2967:on December 17, 2002 2565:"Merchants of Doubt" 2457:1992 Rio Declaration 2011:Environmental racism 2001:Environmental health 1954:UK environmental law 1898:radiation monitoring 1861:Environment Act 1986 1703:, most famously the 1470:Protection of nature 1403:loss of biodiversity 634:Waste management law 626:waste management law 538:programs to address 134:Waste management law 8182:Sustainable fashion 7481:Earth Summit (1992) 7135:Metrics and indices 6988:Sustainable fishery 6907:Holocene extinction 6726:Product stewardship 6696:Earth Overshoot Day 6504:Not-To-Exceed (NTE) 6436:Environmental crime 6431:Effluent guidelines 6192:, 2014, 2016, 2022) 5932:federal legislation 5438:Missouri v. Holland 5245:Election commission 4957:Expressive function 4486:Landlord–tenant law 4385:Consumer protection 3693:on 30 November 2012 2614:. Wisconsin Press. 2428:10.5070/L5191019219 1892:and related areas, 1782:The National Green 1616:Species at Risk Act 1389:(INECE), the major 997:wildlife management 926:Wildlife and plants 795:water resources law 667:Contaminant cleanup 272:Environmental crime 252:Earth jurisprudence 188:Reference materials 160:Water resources law 90:Part of a series on 8205:Environment portal 8177:Sustainable design 7810:Outdoor literature 7737:Cultural landscape 7663:Landscape painting 6940:Sustainable energy 6902:Endangered species 6859:Sustainable design 6773:Consumer behaviour 6324:Louisiana v. Biden 6238:CERCLA (Superfund) 6146:(1974, 1986, 1996) 5462:Hughes v. Oklahoma 5203:Legal institutions 5070:Lawsuit/Litigation 5060:Dispute resolution 4865:Catholic canon law 4573:State of emergency 4536:Will and testament 4260:Law of obligations 4213:Constitutional law 4203:Administrative law 3245:2012-07-20 at the 3212:2017-08-22 at the 3165:. 31 December 2002 3090:"About the review" 2745:Hardman Reis, T., 2592:2009-03-26 at the 2259:www.dpi.nsw.gov.au 2144:Rylands v Fletcher 2133:(1866) LR 1 QB 702 871: 820:water conservation 798: 680: 629: 575:Water quality laws 564: 505: 477:Clean Air Act 1956 383:Environmental laws 237:Administrative law 155:Species protection 8262:Environmental law 8249: 8248: 8243: 8242: 8135:Educational trail 8125:Ecological design 7984:Outdoor education 7979:Environmental law 7911:Spiritual ecology 7873:Predation problem 7700:Site-specific art 7648:Environmental art 7593: 7592: 7519:Earth Summit 2002 7502:Lisbon Principles 7474:Our Common Future 7152:Sustainable yield 6958:Civic agriculture 6711:Green consumption 6648:Global governance 6570: 6569: 6499:New Source Review 6285:Energy Policy Act 6268:Oil Pollution Act 6138:Oil Pollution Act 6126:Noise Control Act 6056:Acid Rain Program 6044:Oil Pollution Act 6008:Oil Pollution Act 6002:Clarke–McNary Act 5924: 5923: 5884:Sackett v. EPA II 5385: 5384: 5045:Constitutionalism 4967:Law and economics 4805:Act of parliament 4543:Product liability 4496:Legal archaeology 4421:Environmental law 4415:Entertainment law 4255:International law 3332:978-0-295-74791-0 3042:978-982-04-0475-5 2939:"EPA Middle East" 2817:on 20 August 2002 2755:978-90-411-3437-0 2621:978-0-299-18040-9 2447:For example, the 2041:UK enterprise law 2026:International law 2021:Indigenous rights 1984:methane emissions 1681:2008 Constitution 1665:Republic of Congo 1397:, air pollution, 1393:are "drought and 1385:According to the 1266:international law 1014:encyclical letter 901:timber harvesting 897:forest management 841:is the branch of 826:Mineral resources 748:Impact assessment 569:Water quality law 561:water quality law 536:emissions trading 487:Pollution control 395:natural resources 380: 379: 299:International law 129:Water quality law 96:Environmental law 85: 84: 33:Environmental Law 16:(Redirected from 8284: 8223: 8222: 8213: 8212: 8203: 8115:Acoustic ecology 7848:Ecophenomenology 7833:Critical realism 7732:Cultural ecology 7717: 7620: 7613: 7606: 7597: 7596: 7560: 7559: 7548: 7547: 7492:Agenda 21 (1992) 7463: 7428:Natural resource 7315:Organic movement 7290:Impact investing 7009:Hydroelectricity 6983:Sustainable diet 6935:Renewable energy 6930:Carbon footprint 6912:Invasive species 6849:Natural building 6800:World population 6761:Marketing myopia 6721:Over-consumption 6691:Circular economy 6686:Anti-consumerism 6643:Environmentalism 6597: 6590: 6583: 6574: 6573: 6416:Clean Power Plan 6348:Federal agencies 5990:Weeks–McLean Act 5844:Sackett v. EPA I 5494: 5493: 5412: 5405: 5398: 5389: 5388: 5360: 5359: 5358: 5346: 5345: 5169:Question of fact 5050:Criminal justice 4380:Construction law 4375:Conflict of laws 4340:Agricultural law 4182: 4175: 4168: 4159: 4158: 4150:Related articles 4146: 4145: 3994:The Conversation 3961: 3919: 3891: 3890: 3888: 3886: 3875: 3869: 3868: 3866: 3865: 3851: 3845: 3844: 3842: 3841: 3827: 3821: 3820: 3818: 3817: 3803: 3797: 3796: 3794: 3793: 3779: 3773: 3772: 3770: 3769: 3755: 3749: 3748: 3746: 3745: 3730: 3724: 3723: 3721: 3719: 3709: 3703: 3702: 3700: 3698: 3689:. Archived from 3683: 3677: 3676: 3674: 3672: 3662: 3651: 3650: 3632: 3626: 3617:Rhuks Temitope, 3615: 3609: 3608: 3606: 3605: 3591: 3585: 3584: 3578: 3570: 3568: 3567: 3561: 3555:. Archived from 3554: 3546: 3540: 3539: 3537: 3536: 3527:. Archived from 3517: 3511: 3510: 3508: 3506: 3496: 3490: 3483: 3477: 3474:Gudynas, Eduardo 3471: 3465: 3464: 3462: 3461: 3447: 3441: 3440: 3434: 3429: 3427: 3419: 3417: 3415: 3404: 3395: 3394: 3388: 3383: 3381: 3373: 3371: 3369: 3358: 3345: 3344: 3314: 3305: 3302: 3296: 3295: 3273: 3267: 3260: 3254: 3236: 3230: 3223: 3217: 3203: 3197: 3196: 3194: 3192: 3181: 3175: 3174: 3172: 3170: 3159: 3153: 3152: 3150: 3148: 3138: 3132: 3131: 3129: 3127: 3112: 3106: 3105: 3103: 3101: 3086: 3080: 3079: 3077: 3075: 3065: 3059: 3053: 3047: 3046: 3034: 3023: 3017: 3016: 3014: 3012: 3003:. Archived from 2997: 2991: 2990: 2983: 2977: 2976: 2974: 2972: 2963:. Archived from 2957: 2951: 2950: 2948: 2946: 2935: 2929: 2928: 2926: 2924: 2912: 2906: 2905: 2903: 2901: 2889: 2883: 2882: 2880: 2879: 2870:. Archived from 2860: 2854: 2853: 2851: 2849: 2838: 2827: 2826: 2824: 2822: 2813:. Archived from 2807: 2801: 2795: 2789: 2788: 2786: 2785: 2779: 2773:. Archived from 2772: 2764: 2758: 2743: 2737: 2734: 2728: 2727: 2701: 2692: 2686: 2685: 2674: 2668: 2667: 2656: 2650: 2649: 2638: 2632: 2631: 2629: 2628: 2613: 2603: 2597: 2579: 2573: 2572: 2560: 2554: 2547: 2541: 2531: 2525: 2519: 2513: 2507: 2501: 2495: 2489: 2483: 2477: 2470: 2464: 2445: 2439: 2438: 2436: 2435: 2430: 2419:Escholarship.org 2411: 2405: 2404: 2394: 2388: 2387: 2376: 2370: 2364: 2358: 2357: 2347: 2339: 2321: 2315: 2314: 2296: 2290: 2289: 2287: 2286: 2276: 2270: 2269: 2267: 2266: 2251: 2245: 2244: 2236: 2230: 2216: 2210: 2207: 2201: 2200: 2198: 2197: 2183: 2177: 2176: 2174: 2173: 2168:on July 15, 2018 2164:. Archived from 2154: 2148: 2140: 2134: 2126: 2120: 2112: 2106: 2105: 2103: 2102: 2088: 2082: 2081: 2079: 2078: 2068: 2062: 2056: 1890:hydrometeorology 1689:Rights of Nature 1593:establishes the 1530:hazardous wastes 1487:Civil protection 1460:Waste management 1454:Water protection 1411:electronic waste 1366:Around the world 1338:(CITES) and the 1230:ethical or moral 1067:resulted in the 917:, planning, and 915:forest inventory 858:Forest resources 660:many other types 616:Waste management 583:water pollutants 516:Air quality laws 437:strict liability 372: 365: 358: 329:Rights of nature 106: 87: 86: 80: 77: 71: 48: 40: 21: 8292: 8291: 8287: 8286: 8285: 8283: 8282: 8281: 8252: 8251: 8250: 8245: 8244: 8239: 8191: 8096: 8087:Spirit of place 8070:science studies 8054:common property 8050:Property theory 8045:Popular science 8035:Natural history 7998: 7989:Psychogeography 7920: 7882: 7814: 7771: 7718: 7709: 7705:Sustainable art 7695:Sculpture trail 7629: 7624: 7594: 7589: 7536: 7461: 7453: 7452:Agreements and 7447: 7384: 7188:Climate finance 7156: 7083: 7039:Reclaimed water 6992: 6944: 6916: 6873: 6827: 6813:Family planning 6794: 6667: 6624: 6606: 6601: 6571: 6566: 6398: 6390: 6342: 6095:Clean Water Act 5939: 5938:and lower court 5937: 5935: 5930: 5920: 5890: 5764: 5702: 5672: 5650:Michigan v. EPA 5562: 5492: 5429: 5421: 5416: 5386: 5381: 5354: 5340: 5331: 5308: 5299:Political party 5272:Legal education 5260:Law enforcement 5240:Court of equity 5198: 5174:Question of law 5127:Practice of law 5107:Judicial review 5021: 4972:Legal formalism 4952:Comparative law 4947:Contract theory 4930: 4850:Legal pluralism 4821: 4810:Act of Congress 4734:Executive order 4700: 4602: 4521:Nationality law 4446:Immigration law 4370:Competition law 4323: 4191: 4186: 4151: 4003: 3991:(30 May 2017), 3985: 3983:Further reading 3959: 3917: 3899: 3894: 3884: 3882: 3877: 3876: 3872: 3863: 3861: 3853: 3852: 3848: 3839: 3837: 3829: 3828: 3824: 3815: 3813: 3805: 3804: 3800: 3791: 3789: 3781: 3780: 3776: 3767: 3765: 3757: 3756: 3752: 3743: 3741: 3731: 3727: 3717: 3715: 3711: 3710: 3706: 3696: 3694: 3685: 3684: 3680: 3670: 3668: 3664: 3663: 3654: 3647: 3633: 3629: 3625:,March 11, 2020 3623:NUJS LAW REVIEW 3616: 3612: 3603: 3601: 3593: 3592: 3588: 3572: 3571: 3565: 3563: 3559: 3552: 3550:"Archived copy" 3548: 3547: 3543: 3534: 3532: 3519: 3518: 3514: 3504: 3502: 3498: 3497: 3493: 3484: 3480: 3472: 3468: 3459: 3457: 3449: 3448: 3444: 3432: 3430: 3421: 3420: 3413: 3411: 3405: 3398: 3386: 3384: 3375: 3374: 3367: 3365: 3359: 3348: 3333: 3315: 3308: 3303: 3299: 3274: 3270: 3261: 3257: 3247:Wayback Machine 3237: 3233: 3224: 3220: 3214:Wayback Machine 3204: 3200: 3190: 3188: 3183: 3182: 3178: 3168: 3166: 3161: 3160: 3156: 3146: 3144: 3140: 3139: 3135: 3125: 3123: 3113: 3109: 3099: 3097: 3088: 3087: 3083: 3073: 3071: 3067: 3066: 3062: 3054: 3050: 3043: 3032: 3024: 3020: 3010: 3008: 2999: 2998: 2994: 2985: 2984: 2980: 2970: 2968: 2959: 2958: 2954: 2944: 2942: 2937: 2936: 2932: 2922: 2920: 2913: 2909: 2899: 2897: 2890: 2886: 2877: 2875: 2862: 2861: 2857: 2847: 2845: 2840: 2839: 2830: 2820: 2818: 2809: 2808: 2804: 2796: 2792: 2783: 2781: 2777: 2770: 2766: 2765: 2761: 2744: 2740: 2735: 2731: 2699: 2693: 2689: 2676: 2675: 2671: 2658: 2657: 2653: 2640: 2639: 2635: 2626: 2624: 2622: 2604: 2600: 2594:Wayback Machine 2580: 2576: 2561: 2557: 2548: 2544: 2534:Rio Declaration 2532: 2528: 2520: 2516: 2508: 2504: 2496: 2492: 2484: 2480: 2471: 2467: 2446: 2442: 2433: 2431: 2413: 2412: 2408: 2396: 2395: 2391: 2377: 2373: 2365: 2361: 2341: 2340: 2322: 2318: 2297: 2293: 2284: 2282: 2278: 2277: 2273: 2264: 2262: 2253: 2252: 2248: 2237: 2233: 2217: 2213: 2208: 2204: 2195: 2193: 2185: 2184: 2180: 2171: 2169: 2156: 2155: 2151: 2141: 2137: 2127: 2123: 2113: 2109: 2100: 2098: 2090: 2089: 2085: 2076: 2074: 2070: 2069: 2065: 2057: 2053: 2049: 1992: 1972: 1967: 1961: 1956: 1950: 1945: 1939: 1910: 1881: 1849: 1843: 1819: 1748: 1742: 1729: 1677: 1661: 1638: 1632: 1624:Clean Water Act 1587: 1574: 1543: 1526:illegal logging 1518: 1502: 1479:Noise pollution 1465:Soil protection 1429: 1420: 1383: 1378: 1368: 1262: 1256: 1250: 1195: 1182: 1176: 1165: 1144:Rio Declaration 1140: 1134: 1117: 1105:sovereign state 1100: 1091: 1085: 1069:Rio Declaration 1039:Defined by the 1037: 1031: 1005: 987:fees and other 961: 955: 949: 928: 923: 922: 909:sustained yield 885: 877: 860: 855: 854: 836: 828: 808:water resources 804: 787: 785:Water resources 782: 781: 758: 750: 745: 724: 722:Chemical safety 719: 718: 688: 669: 664: 663: 652:hazardous waste 637: 618: 613: 612: 572: 553: 548: 547: 513: 510:Air quality law 502:air quality law 494: 489: 421: 415: 376: 124:Air quality law 81: 75: 72: 65: 53:This article's 49: 38: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 8290: 8280: 8279: 8274: 8269: 8264: 8247: 8246: 8241: 8240: 8238: 8237: 8232: 8227: 8217: 8207: 8196: 8193: 8192: 8190: 8189: 8184: 8179: 8174: 8169: 8164: 8159: 8158: 8157: 8152: 8142: 8137: 8132: 8127: 8122: 8117: 8112: 8106: 8104: 8098: 8097: 8095: 8094: 8089: 8084: 8079: 8074: 8073: 8072: 8062: 8057: 8047: 8042: 8032: 8025:Do it yourself 8022: 8017: 8012: 8010:Animal studies 8006: 8004: 8000: 7999: 7997: 7996: 7991: 7986: 7981: 7976: 7971: 7966: 7961: 7960: 7959: 7954: 7944: 7939: 7934: 7928: 7926: 7922: 7921: 7919: 7918: 7913: 7908: 7903: 7898: 7892: 7890: 7884: 7883: 7881: 7880: 7878:Social ecology 7875: 7870: 7865: 7860: 7855: 7850: 7845: 7840: 7835: 7830: 7824: 7822: 7816: 7815: 7813: 7812: 7807: 7805:Nature writing 7802: 7797: 7792: 7787: 7785:Ecocomposition 7781: 7779: 7773: 7772: 7770: 7769: 7764: 7759: 7754: 7749: 7744: 7742:Ecolinguistics 7739: 7734: 7728: 7726: 7720: 7719: 7712: 7710: 7708: 7707: 7702: 7697: 7692: 7691: 7690: 7685: 7680: 7675: 7665: 7660: 7655: 7650: 7645: 7639: 7637: 7631: 7630: 7623: 7622: 7615: 7608: 7600: 7591: 7590: 7588: 7587: 7580: 7573: 7566: 7554: 7541: 7538: 7537: 7535: 7534: 7528: 7527:(Rio+20, 2012) 7522: 7516: 7511: 7505: 7499: 7494: 7489: 7483: 7478: 7470: 7465: 7457: 7455: 7449: 7448: 7446: 7445: 7440: 7435: 7430: 7425: 7420: 7415: 7410: 7405: 7400: 7394: 7392: 7386: 7385: 7383: 7382: 7377: 7372: 7367: 7362: 7357: 7352: 7347: 7342: 7337: 7332: 7327: 7322: 7317: 7312: 7307: 7302: 7297: 7292: 7287: 7282: 7281: 7280: 7275: 7273:Infrastructure 7270: 7260: 7255: 7250: 7245: 7240: 7235: 7230: 7225: 7220: 7215: 7210: 7205: 7203:Eco-capitalism 7200: 7195: 7190: 7185: 7180: 7175: 7170: 7164: 7162: 7158: 7157: 7155: 7154: 7149: 7148: 7147: 7142: 7137: 7132: 7127: 7120:Sustainability 7117: 7112: 7107: 7102: 7097: 7091: 7089: 7088:Accountability 7085: 7084: 7082: 7081: 7076: 7071: 7066: 7061: 7056: 7051: 7046: 7041: 7036: 7031: 7026: 7021: 7016: 7011: 7006: 7000: 6998: 6994: 6993: 6991: 6990: 6985: 6980: 6975: 6970: 6965: 6960: 6954: 6952: 6946: 6945: 6943: 6942: 6937: 6932: 6926: 6924: 6918: 6917: 6915: 6914: 6909: 6904: 6899: 6894: 6889: 6883: 6881: 6875: 6874: 6872: 6871: 6866: 6861: 6856: 6851: 6846: 6841: 6835: 6833: 6829: 6828: 6826: 6825: 6820: 6815: 6810: 6804: 6802: 6796: 6795: 6793: 6792: 6787: 6782: 6781: 6780: 6775: 6765: 6764: 6763: 6758: 6753: 6746:Sustainability 6743: 6738: 6733: 6728: 6723: 6718: 6713: 6708: 6703: 6698: 6693: 6688: 6683: 6681:Anthropization 6677: 6675: 6669: 6668: 6666: 6665: 6660: 6655: 6650: 6645: 6640: 6634: 6632: 6626: 6625: 6623: 6622: 6617: 6611: 6608: 6607: 6604:Sustainability 6600: 6599: 6592: 6585: 6577: 6568: 6567: 6565: 6564: 6559: 6554: 6549: 6546:Tailoring Rule 6543: 6536: 6531: 6526: 6521: 6516: 6511: 6509:PACE financing 6506: 6501: 6496: 6491: 6486: 6481: 6476: 6471: 6466: 6460: 6454: 6448: 6443: 6438: 6433: 6428: 6423: 6418: 6413: 6408: 6402: 6400: 6392: 6391: 6389: 6388: 6383: 6378: 6373: 6368: 6363: 6358: 6352: 6350: 6344: 6343: 6341: 6340: 6334: 6328: 6320: 6314: 6308: 6302: 6294: 6288: 6282: 6276: 6271: 6265: 6259: 6253: 6247: 6241: 6235: 6229: 6223: 6217: 6211: 6205: 6199: 6193: 6147: 6141: 6135: 6129: 6123: 6117: 6111: 6110: 6109: 6098: 6092: 6086: 6080: 6074: 6068: 6060: 6059: 6058: 6047: 6041: 6035: 6029: 6023: 6017: 6011: 6005: 5999: 5993: 5987: 5981: 5975: 5969: 5968: 5967: 5956: 5950: 5943: 5941: 5926: 5925: 5922: 5921: 5919: 5918: 5910: 5901: 5899: 5892: 5891: 5889: 5888: 5880: 5872: 5864: 5856: 5848: 5840: 5832: 5824: 5816: 5808: 5800: 5792: 5784: 5775: 5773: 5766: 5765: 5763: 5762: 5754: 5746: 5738: 5730: 5722: 5713: 5711: 5704: 5703: 5701: 5700: 5692: 5683: 5681: 5674: 5673: 5671: 5670: 5662: 5654: 5646: 5638: 5630: 5622: 5614: 5606: 5598: 5590: 5582: 5573: 5571: 5564: 5563: 5561: 5560: 5552: 5544: 5536: 5528: 5520: 5512: 5503: 5501: 5491: 5490: 5482: 5474: 5466: 5458: 5450: 5442: 5433: 5431: 5423: 5422: 5415: 5414: 5407: 5400: 5392: 5383: 5382: 5380: 5379: 5372: 5365: 5351: 5348:Law portal 5336: 5333: 5332: 5330: 5329: 5328: 5327: 5316: 5314: 5310: 5309: 5307: 5306: 5301: 5296: 5291: 5286: 5281: 5280: 5279: 5269: 5268: 5267: 5257: 5252: 5247: 5242: 5237: 5232: 5227: 5222: 5217: 5212: 5206: 5204: 5200: 5199: 5197: 5196: 5191: 5186: 5184:Trial advocacy 5181: 5176: 5171: 5166: 5165: 5164: 5159: 5154: 5149: 5144: 5139: 5134: 5124: 5119: 5114: 5109: 5104: 5099: 5098: 5097: 5092: 5082: 5077: 5072: 5067: 5062: 5057: 5052: 5047: 5042: 5037: 5031: 5029: 5023: 5022: 5020: 5019: 5014: 5009: 5004: 4999: 4994: 4989: 4984: 4979: 4974: 4969: 4964: 4959: 4954: 4949: 4944: 4938: 4936: 4932: 4931: 4929: 4928: 4923: 4918: 4913: 4908: 4907: 4906: 4896: 4895: 4894: 4889: 4884: 4879: 4874: 4869: 4868: 4867: 4852: 4847: 4842: 4837: 4831: 4829: 4823: 4822: 4820: 4819: 4814: 4813: 4812: 4807: 4802: 4792: 4791: 4790: 4780: 4775: 4770: 4765: 4764: 4763: 4758: 4753: 4743: 4742: 4741: 4736: 4731: 4721: 4716: 4714:Ballot measure 4710: 4708: 4702: 4701: 4699: 4698: 4693: 4691:Legal treatise 4688: 4687: 4686: 4681: 4671: 4670: 4669: 4659: 4657:Letters patent 4654: 4649: 4648: 4647: 4637: 4632: 4627: 4618: 4612: 4610: 4608:Sources of law 4604: 4603: 4601: 4600: 4595: 4593:Unenforced law 4590: 4585: 4580: 4575: 4570: 4565: 4560: 4555: 4550: 4545: 4540: 4539: 4538: 4533: 4523: 4518: 4513: 4508: 4503: 4498: 4493: 4488: 4483: 4478: 4473: 4468: 4463: 4458: 4453: 4448: 4443: 4438: 4433: 4428: 4423: 4418: 4412: 4407: 4402: 4397: 4392: 4387: 4382: 4377: 4372: 4367: 4365:Commercial law 4362: 4357: 4352: 4347: 4342: 4337: 4331: 4329: 4325: 4324: 4322: 4321: 4316: 4311: 4306: 4305: 4304: 4294: 4289: 4284: 4283: 4282: 4277: 4267: 4262: 4257: 4252: 4247: 4242: 4237: 4232: 4231: 4230: 4220: 4215: 4210: 4205: 4199: 4197: 4193: 4192: 4185: 4184: 4177: 4170: 4162: 4156: 4153: 4152: 4143: 4142: 4137: 4131: 4130: 4129:European Union 4126: 4125: 4120: 4115: 4110: 4103: 4102: 4098: 4097: 4087: 4082: 4077: 4072: 4066: 4065: 4061: 4060: 4055: 4050: 4045: 4040: 4035: 4030: 4025: 4020: 4014: 4008: 4007: 4002: 4001:External links 3999: 3998: 3997: 3984: 3981: 3980: 3979: 3972: 3962: 3945: 3942:978-0314283986 3930: 3920: 3903:Akhatov, Aydar 3898: 3895: 3893: 3892: 3870: 3859:sso.agc.gov.sg 3846: 3835:sso.agc.gov.sg 3822: 3811:sso.agc.gov.sg 3798: 3787:sso.agc.gov.sg 3774: 3763:customs.gov.sg 3750: 3725: 3704: 3678: 3652: 3645: 3627: 3610: 3586: 3541: 3512: 3491: 3478: 3466: 3442: 3433:|journal= 3396: 3387:|journal= 3346: 3331: 3306: 3297: 3268: 3255: 3249:; C. McElwee, 3231: 3218: 3198: 3176: 3154: 3142:"Apresentação" 3133: 3107: 3096:. 23 June 2020 3081: 3060: 3048: 3041: 3018: 2992: 2978: 2952: 2930: 2919:. The Guardian 2907: 2884: 2855: 2828: 2802: 2790: 2759: 2738: 2729: 2710:(4): 649–665. 2687: 2669: 2651: 2633: 2620: 2598: 2574: 2555: 2542: 2536:Principle 16; 2526: 2514: 2502: 2490: 2478: 2472:Pope Francis, 2465: 2440: 2406: 2389: 2371: 2359: 2316: 2299:CIFOR (2006). 2291: 2271: 2246: 2231: 2228:978-1439828731 2211: 2202: 2178: 2149: 2135: 2121: 2107: 2083: 2063: 2050: 2048: 2045: 2044: 2043: 2038: 2033: 2028: 2023: 2018: 2013: 2008: 2003: 1998: 1996:Climate target 1991: 1988: 1971: 1968: 1963:Main article: 1960: 1957: 1952:Main article: 1949: 1948:United Kingdom 1946: 1941:Main article: 1938: 1935: 1909: 1906: 1880: 1877: 1845:Main article: 1842: 1839: 1818: 1815: 1814: 1813: 1807: 1804: 1800: 1797: 1794: 1791: 1788: 1780: 1777: 1774: 1771: 1768: 1765: 1762: 1759: 1744:Main article: 1741: 1738: 1728: 1725: 1676: 1673: 1660: 1657: 1631: 1628: 1586: 1583: 1573: 1570: 1542: 1539: 1517: 1514: 1501: 1498: 1490: 1489: 1484: 1481: 1476: 1472:, species and 1467: 1462: 1457: 1456:and management 1451: 1446: 1444:Climate change 1433:European Union 1428: 1427:European Union 1425: 1419: 1416: 1382: 1379: 1367: 1364: 1305:Kyoto Protocol 1290:(or sometimes 1249: 1246: 1226:Gaylord Nelson 1206:ongoing debate 1194: 1191: 1178:Main article: 1175: 1172: 1171: 1170: 1164: 1161: 1136:Main article: 1133: 1130: 1116: 1113: 1099: 1096: 1084: 1081: 1033:Main article: 1030: 1027: 1004: 1001: 951:Main article: 948: 945: 927: 924: 886: 878: 873:Main article: 859: 856: 837: 829: 827: 824: 800:Main article: 786: 783: 759: 751: 749: 746: 744: 741: 723: 720: 689: 681: 668: 665: 638: 630: 617: 614: 608:surface runoff 573: 565: 552: 549: 544:climate change 520:air pollutants 514: 506: 493: 490: 488: 485: 414: 411: 378: 377: 375: 374: 367: 360: 352: 349: 348: 347: 346: 341: 336: 331: 326: 321: 316: 314:Law of the sea 311: 306: 301: 296: 291: 286: 281: 280: 279: 269: 264: 259: 254: 249: 244: 242:Bankruptcy law 239: 231: 230: 229:Related topics 226: 225: 224: 223: 218: 213: 208: 203: 198: 190: 189: 185: 184: 183: 182: 177: 172: 167: 162: 157: 149: 148: 144: 143: 142: 141: 136: 131: 126: 121: 113: 112: 108: 107: 99: 98: 92: 91: 83: 82: 62:the key points 52: 50: 43: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8289: 8278: 8275: 8273: 8270: 8268: 8265: 8263: 8260: 8259: 8257: 8236: 8233: 8231: 8228: 8226: 8218: 8216: 8208: 8206: 8202: 8198: 8197: 8194: 8188: 8185: 8183: 8180: 8178: 8175: 8173: 8170: 8168: 8165: 8163: 8162:Nature center 8160: 8156: 8153: 8151: 8148: 8147: 8146: 8143: 8141: 8138: 8136: 8133: 8131: 8128: 8126: 8123: 8121: 8118: 8116: 8113: 8111: 8108: 8107: 8105: 8103: 8099: 8093: 8090: 8088: 8085: 8083: 8080: 8078: 8077:Simple living 8075: 8071: 8068: 8067: 8066: 8063: 8061: 8058: 8055: 8051: 8048: 8046: 8043: 8040: 8036: 8033: 8030: 8026: 8023: 8021: 8018: 8016: 8013: 8011: 8008: 8007: 8005: 8001: 7995: 7992: 7990: 7987: 7985: 7982: 7980: 7977: 7975: 7972: 7970: 7967: 7965: 7962: 7958: 7955: 7953: 7950: 7949: 7948: 7945: 7943: 7940: 7938: 7937:Ecomusicology 7935: 7933: 7932:Anthrozoology 7930: 7929: 7927: 7923: 7917: 7914: 7912: 7909: 7907: 7904: 7902: 7899: 7897: 7894: 7893: 7891: 7889: 7885: 7879: 7876: 7874: 7871: 7869: 7866: 7864: 7861: 7859: 7856: 7854: 7851: 7849: 7846: 7844: 7841: 7839: 7836: 7834: 7831: 7829: 7826: 7825: 7823: 7821: 7817: 7811: 7808: 7806: 7803: 7801: 7798: 7796: 7793: 7791: 7788: 7786: 7783: 7782: 7780: 7778: 7774: 7768: 7765: 7763: 7760: 7758: 7755: 7753: 7750: 7748: 7745: 7743: 7740: 7738: 7735: 7733: 7730: 7729: 7727: 7725: 7721: 7716: 7706: 7703: 7701: 7698: 7696: 7693: 7689: 7686: 7684: 7681: 7679: 7676: 7674: 7671: 7670: 7669: 7666: 7664: 7661: 7659: 7656: 7654: 7651: 7649: 7646: 7644: 7641: 7640: 7638: 7636: 7632: 7628: 7621: 7616: 7614: 7609: 7607: 7602: 7601: 7598: 7586: 7585: 7581: 7579: 7578: 7574: 7572: 7571: 7567: 7565: 7564: 7555: 7553: 7552: 7543: 7542: 7539: 7532: 7529: 7526: 7523: 7520: 7517: 7515: 7512: 7509: 7508:Earth Charter 7506: 7503: 7500: 7498: 7495: 7493: 7490: 7487: 7484: 7482: 7479: 7477: 7475: 7471: 7469: 7466: 7464: 7459: 7458: 7456: 7450: 7444: 7441: 7439: 7436: 7434: 7431: 7429: 7426: 7424: 7421: 7419: 7416: 7414: 7411: 7409: 7406: 7404: 7401: 7399: 7398:Environmental 7396: 7395: 7393: 7391: 7387: 7381: 7378: 7376: 7373: 7371: 7368: 7366: 7363: 7361: 7358: 7356: 7353: 7351: 7348: 7346: 7343: 7341: 7338: 7336: 7333: 7331: 7330:Refurbishment 7328: 7326: 7323: 7321: 7320:Organizations 7318: 7316: 7313: 7311: 7308: 7306: 7303: 7301: 7298: 7296: 7293: 7291: 7288: 7286: 7283: 7279: 7276: 7274: 7271: 7269: 7266: 7265: 7264: 7261: 7259: 7256: 7254: 7251: 7249: 7246: 7244: 7241: 7239: 7236: 7234: 7233:Green economy 7231: 7229: 7226: 7224: 7221: 7219: 7218:Eco-socialism 7216: 7214: 7213:Eco-investing 7211: 7209: 7206: 7204: 7201: 7199: 7198:Disinvestment 7196: 7194: 7191: 7189: 7186: 7184: 7181: 7179: 7176: 7174: 7171: 7169: 7166: 7165: 7163: 7159: 7153: 7150: 7146: 7143: 7141: 7138: 7136: 7133: 7131: 7128: 7126: 7123: 7122: 7121: 7118: 7116: 7113: 7111: 7108: 7106: 7103: 7101: 7098: 7096: 7093: 7092: 7090: 7086: 7080: 7077: 7075: 7072: 7070: 7067: 7065: 7062: 7060: 7057: 7055: 7052: 7050: 7047: 7045: 7042: 7040: 7037: 7035: 7032: 7030: 7027: 7025: 7022: 7020: 7019:Marine energy 7017: 7015: 7012: 7010: 7007: 7005: 7002: 7001: 6999: 6995: 6989: 6986: 6984: 6981: 6979: 6976: 6974: 6973:Cultured meat 6971: 6969: 6966: 6964: 6961: 6959: 6956: 6955: 6953: 6951: 6947: 6941: 6938: 6936: 6933: 6931: 6928: 6927: 6925: 6923: 6919: 6913: 6910: 6908: 6905: 6903: 6900: 6898: 6895: 6893: 6890: 6888: 6885: 6884: 6882: 6880: 6876: 6870: 6867: 6865: 6862: 6860: 6857: 6855: 6852: 6850: 6847: 6845: 6842: 6840: 6837: 6836: 6834: 6830: 6824: 6821: 6819: 6816: 6814: 6811: 6809: 6806: 6805: 6803: 6801: 6797: 6791: 6788: 6786: 6783: 6779: 6776: 6774: 6771: 6770: 6769: 6766: 6762: 6759: 6757: 6754: 6752: 6749: 6748: 6747: 6744: 6742: 6739: 6737: 6734: 6732: 6731:Simple living 6729: 6727: 6724: 6722: 6719: 6717: 6714: 6712: 6709: 6707: 6704: 6702: 6699: 6697: 6694: 6692: 6689: 6687: 6684: 6682: 6679: 6678: 6676: 6674: 6670: 6664: 6661: 6659: 6656: 6654: 6651: 6649: 6646: 6644: 6641: 6639: 6636: 6635: 6633: 6631: 6627: 6621: 6618: 6616: 6613: 6612: 6609: 6605: 6598: 6593: 6591: 6586: 6584: 6579: 6578: 6575: 6563: 6560: 6558: 6555: 6553: 6550: 6547: 6544: 6542: 6541: 6537: 6535: 6532: 6530: 6527: 6525: 6524:Right to know 6522: 6520: 6517: 6515: 6512: 6510: 6507: 6505: 6502: 6500: 6497: 6495: 6492: 6490: 6487: 6485: 6482: 6480: 6477: 6475: 6472: 6470: 6467: 6464: 6461: 6458: 6455: 6452: 6449: 6447: 6444: 6442: 6439: 6437: 6434: 6432: 6429: 6427: 6424: 6422: 6419: 6417: 6414: 6412: 6409: 6407: 6404: 6403: 6401: 6397: 6393: 6387: 6384: 6382: 6379: 6377: 6374: 6372: 6369: 6367: 6364: 6362: 6359: 6357: 6354: 6353: 6351: 6349: 6345: 6338: 6335: 6332: 6329: 6326: 6325: 6321: 6318: 6315: 6312: 6309: 6306: 6303: 6300: 6299: 6295: 6292: 6289: 6286: 6283: 6280: 6277: 6275: 6272: 6269: 6266: 6263: 6260: 6257: 6254: 6251: 6248: 6245: 6242: 6239: 6236: 6233: 6230: 6227: 6224: 6221: 6218: 6215: 6212: 6209: 6206: 6203: 6200: 6197: 6194: 6191: 6187: 6183: 6179: 6175: 6171: 6167: 6163: 6159: 6155: 6151: 6148: 6145: 6142: 6139: 6136: 6133: 6130: 6127: 6124: 6121: 6118: 6115: 6112: 6108: 6105: 6104: 6102: 6099: 6096: 6093: 6090: 6087: 6084: 6081: 6078: 6075: 6072: 6069: 6066: 6065: 6061: 6057: 6054: 6053: 6051: 6050:Clean Air Act 6048: 6045: 6042: 6039: 6036: 6033: 6030: 6027: 6024: 6021: 6018: 6015: 6012: 6009: 6006: 6003: 6000: 5997: 5994: 5991: 5988: 5985: 5982: 5979: 5976: 5973: 5970: 5966: 5963: 5962: 5960: 5957: 5954: 5951: 5948: 5945: 5944: 5942: 5933: 5927: 5916: 5915: 5911: 5908: 5907: 5903: 5902: 5900: 5897: 5893: 5886: 5885: 5881: 5878: 5877: 5873: 5870: 5869: 5865: 5862: 5861: 5857: 5854: 5853: 5849: 5846: 5845: 5841: 5838: 5837: 5833: 5830: 5829: 5825: 5822: 5821: 5817: 5814: 5813: 5809: 5806: 5805: 5801: 5798: 5797: 5793: 5790: 5789: 5785: 5782: 5781: 5777: 5776: 5774: 5771: 5767: 5760: 5759: 5755: 5752: 5751: 5747: 5744: 5743: 5739: 5736: 5735: 5731: 5728: 5727: 5723: 5720: 5719: 5715: 5714: 5712: 5709: 5705: 5698: 5697: 5693: 5690: 5689: 5685: 5684: 5682: 5679: 5675: 5668: 5667: 5663: 5660: 5659: 5655: 5652: 5651: 5647: 5644: 5643: 5639: 5636: 5635: 5631: 5628: 5627: 5623: 5620: 5619: 5615: 5612: 5611: 5607: 5604: 5603: 5599: 5596: 5595: 5591: 5588: 5587: 5583: 5580: 5579: 5575: 5574: 5572: 5569: 5565: 5558: 5557: 5553: 5550: 5549: 5545: 5542: 5541: 5537: 5534: 5533: 5529: 5526: 5525: 5521: 5518: 5517: 5513: 5510: 5509: 5505: 5504: 5502: 5499: 5495: 5488: 5487: 5483: 5480: 5479: 5475: 5472: 5471: 5467: 5464: 5463: 5459: 5456: 5455: 5451: 5448: 5447: 5443: 5440: 5439: 5435: 5434: 5432: 5428: 5427:Supreme Court 5424: 5420: 5413: 5408: 5406: 5401: 5399: 5394: 5393: 5390: 5378: 5377: 5373: 5371: 5370: 5366: 5364: 5363: 5352: 5350: 5349: 5344: 5338: 5337: 5334: 5326: 5323: 5322: 5321: 5318: 5317: 5315: 5311: 5305: 5302: 5300: 5297: 5295: 5292: 5290: 5287: 5285: 5282: 5278: 5275: 5274: 5273: 5270: 5266: 5263: 5262: 5261: 5258: 5256: 5253: 5251: 5248: 5246: 5243: 5241: 5238: 5236: 5233: 5231: 5230:Civil society 5228: 5226: 5223: 5221: 5218: 5216: 5213: 5211: 5208: 5207: 5205: 5201: 5195: 5192: 5190: 5189:Trier of fact 5187: 5185: 5182: 5180: 5177: 5175: 5172: 5170: 5167: 5163: 5160: 5158: 5155: 5153: 5150: 5148: 5145: 5143: 5140: 5138: 5135: 5133: 5130: 5129: 5128: 5125: 5123: 5120: 5118: 5115: 5113: 5110: 5108: 5105: 5103: 5100: 5096: 5093: 5091: 5088: 5087: 5086: 5083: 5081: 5078: 5076: 5075:Legal opinion 5073: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5063: 5061: 5058: 5056: 5055:Court-martial 5053: 5051: 5048: 5046: 5043: 5041: 5038: 5036: 5033: 5032: 5030: 5028: 5027:Jurisprudence 5024: 5018: 5015: 5013: 5010: 5008: 5005: 5003: 5000: 4998: 4995: 4993: 4990: 4988: 4985: 4983: 4980: 4978: 4975: 4973: 4970: 4968: 4965: 4963: 4960: 4958: 4955: 4953: 4950: 4948: 4945: 4943: 4940: 4939: 4937: 4933: 4927: 4924: 4922: 4919: 4917: 4916:Statutory law 4914: 4912: 4911:Socialist law 4909: 4905: 4904:Byzantine law 4902: 4901: 4900: 4897: 4893: 4890: 4888: 4885: 4883: 4880: 4878: 4875: 4873: 4870: 4866: 4863: 4862: 4861: 4858: 4857: 4856: 4855:Religious law 4853: 4851: 4848: 4846: 4843: 4841: 4838: 4836: 4833: 4832: 4830: 4828: 4827:Legal systems 4824: 4818: 4815: 4811: 4808: 4806: 4803: 4801: 4798: 4797: 4796: 4795:Statutory law 4793: 4789: 4786: 4785: 4784: 4781: 4779: 4776: 4774: 4771: 4769: 4766: 4762: 4759: 4757: 4754: 4752: 4749: 4748: 4747: 4744: 4740: 4737: 4735: 4732: 4730: 4727: 4726: 4725: 4722: 4720: 4717: 4715: 4712: 4711: 4709: 4707: 4703: 4697: 4694: 4692: 4689: 4685: 4682: 4680: 4677: 4676: 4675: 4672: 4668: 4665: 4664: 4663: 4660: 4658: 4655: 4653: 4650: 4646: 4643: 4642: 4641: 4638: 4636: 4633: 4631: 4628: 4626: 4625:Statutory law 4622: 4619: 4617: 4614: 4613: 4611: 4609: 4605: 4599: 4596: 4594: 4591: 4589: 4586: 4584: 4583:Transport law 4581: 4579: 4576: 4574: 4571: 4569: 4566: 4564: 4561: 4559: 4556: 4554: 4551: 4549: 4546: 4544: 4541: 4537: 4534: 4532: 4529: 4528: 4527: 4524: 4522: 4519: 4517: 4514: 4512: 4509: 4507: 4504: 4502: 4501:Legal fiction 4499: 4497: 4494: 4492: 4489: 4487: 4484: 4482: 4479: 4477: 4474: 4472: 4469: 4467: 4464: 4462: 4459: 4457: 4454: 4452: 4449: 4447: 4444: 4442: 4439: 4437: 4434: 4432: 4431:Financial law 4429: 4427: 4424: 4422: 4419: 4416: 4413: 4411: 4408: 4406: 4403: 4401: 4398: 4396: 4393: 4391: 4390:Corporate law 4388: 4386: 4383: 4381: 4378: 4376: 4373: 4371: 4368: 4366: 4363: 4361: 4358: 4356: 4353: 4351: 4348: 4346: 4343: 4341: 4338: 4336: 4333: 4332: 4330: 4326: 4320: 4317: 4315: 4314:Statutory law 4312: 4310: 4307: 4303: 4300: 4299: 4298: 4295: 4293: 4290: 4288: 4285: 4281: 4278: 4276: 4273: 4272: 4271: 4268: 4266: 4263: 4261: 4258: 4256: 4253: 4251: 4248: 4246: 4243: 4241: 4238: 4236: 4233: 4229: 4226: 4225: 4224: 4221: 4219: 4216: 4214: 4211: 4209: 4206: 4204: 4201: 4200: 4198: 4196:Core subjects 4194: 4190: 4183: 4178: 4176: 4171: 4169: 4164: 4163: 4160: 4154: 4147: 4141: 4138: 4136: 4133: 4132: 4128: 4127: 4124: 4121: 4119: 4116: 4114: 4111: 4108: 4105: 4104: 4100: 4099: 4095: 4091: 4088: 4086: 4083: 4081: 4078: 4076: 4073: 4071: 4068: 4067: 4064:United States 4063: 4062: 4059: 4056: 4054: 4051: 4049: 4046: 4044: 4041: 4039: 4036: 4034: 4031: 4029: 4026: 4024: 4021: 4018: 4015: 4013: 4010: 4009: 4006:International 4005: 4004: 3996: 3995: 3990: 3987: 3986: 3977: 3973: 3971: 3970:9789351451914 3967: 3963: 3958: 3957:9789462360754 3954: 3950: 3946: 3943: 3939: 3935: 3931: 3929: 3928:9789351452454 3925: 3921: 3916: 3915:5-214-00225-4 3912: 3908: 3904: 3901: 3900: 3880: 3874: 3860: 3856: 3850: 3836: 3832: 3826: 3812: 3808: 3802: 3788: 3784: 3778: 3764: 3760: 3754: 3740: 3736: 3729: 3714: 3708: 3692: 3688: 3682: 3667: 3661: 3659: 3657: 3648: 3646:9789351451914 3642: 3638: 3631: 3624: 3620: 3614: 3600: 3599:envfor.nic.in 3596: 3590: 3582: 3576: 3562:on 2013-08-10 3558: 3551: 3545: 3531:on 2002-06-13 3530: 3526: 3525:envfor.nic.in 3522: 3516: 3501: 3495: 3488: 3482: 3475: 3470: 3456: 3452: 3446: 3438: 3425: 3410: 3403: 3401: 3392: 3379: 3364: 3357: 3355: 3353: 3351: 3342: 3338: 3334: 3328: 3324: 3320: 3313: 3311: 3301: 3293: 3289: 3285: 3281: 3280: 3272: 3265: 3259: 3252: 3248: 3244: 3241: 3235: 3228: 3222: 3215: 3211: 3208: 3202: 3186: 3180: 3164: 3158: 3143: 3137: 3122: 3118: 3111: 3095: 3091: 3085: 3070: 3064: 3057: 3052: 3044: 3038: 3031: 3030: 3022: 3007:on 2012-10-25 3006: 3002: 2996: 2988: 2982: 2966: 2962: 2956: 2940: 2934: 2918: 2911: 2895: 2888: 2874:on 2015-09-06 2873: 2869: 2868:www.aecen.org 2865: 2859: 2843: 2837: 2835: 2833: 2816: 2812: 2806: 2800: 2794: 2780:on 2012-11-10 2776: 2769: 2763: 2756: 2752: 2748: 2742: 2733: 2725: 2721: 2717: 2713: 2709: 2705: 2698: 2691: 2683: 2679: 2673: 2665: 2664:Common Dreams 2661: 2655: 2647: 2643: 2637: 2623: 2617: 2612: 2611: 2602: 2595: 2591: 2588: 2584: 2578: 2570: 2566: 2559: 2552: 2546: 2539: 2535: 2530: 2523: 2518: 2511: 2506: 2499: 2494: 2487: 2482: 2475: 2469: 2462: 2458: 2454: 2450: 2444: 2429: 2424: 2420: 2416: 2410: 2402: 2401: 2393: 2385: 2384: 2375: 2369: 2363: 2355: 2351: 2345: 2337: 2333: 2329: 2328: 2320: 2312: 2308: 2304: 2303: 2295: 2281: 2275: 2260: 2256: 2250: 2242: 2235: 2229: 2225: 2222:. Chapter 5. 2221: 2215: 2206: 2192: 2188: 2182: 2167: 2163: 2159: 2153: 2146: 2145: 2139: 2132: 2131: 2125: 2118: 2117: 2116:Aldred's Case 2111: 2097: 2093: 2087: 2073: 2067: 2060: 2055: 2051: 2042: 2039: 2037: 2034: 2032: 2029: 2027: 2024: 2022: 2019: 2017: 2014: 2012: 2009: 2007: 2004: 2002: 1999: 1997: 1994: 1993: 1987: 1985: 1981: 1977: 1966: 1959:United States 1955: 1944: 1934: 1932: 1927: 1923: 1919: 1915: 1905: 1904:regulation." 1903: 1899: 1895: 1891: 1886: 1876: 1874: 1870: 1866: 1865:New Zealand's 1862: 1858: 1854: 1848: 1838: 1834: 1832: 1828: 1824: 1811: 1808: 1805: 1801: 1798: 1795: 1792: 1789: 1785: 1781: 1778: 1775: 1772: 1769: 1766: 1763: 1760: 1757: 1756: 1755: 1753: 1747: 1737: 1734: 1724: 1720: 1718: 1717:Rafael Correa 1714: 1710: 1706: 1702: 1697: 1694: 1690: 1686: 1682: 1672: 1670: 1666: 1656: 1654: 1649: 1647: 1643: 1637: 1627: 1625: 1621: 1617: 1613: 1608: 1604: 1600: 1596: 1592: 1582: 1579: 1569: 1567: 1563: 1558: 1557: 1551: 1549: 1548: 1538: 1535: 1531: 1527: 1523: 1513: 1511: 1507: 1497: 1495: 1488: 1485: 1482: 1480: 1477: 1475: 1471: 1468: 1466: 1463: 1461: 1458: 1455: 1452: 1450: 1449:Air pollution 1447: 1445: 1442: 1441: 1440: 1437: 1434: 1424: 1415: 1412: 1408: 1404: 1400: 1399:deforestation 1396: 1392: 1388: 1377: 1373: 1363: 1359: 1357: 1353: 1349: 1343: 1341: 1337: 1333: 1329: 1326:, and 2002's 1325: 1321: 1317: 1312: 1310: 1306: 1301: 1297: 1293: 1289: 1285: 1280: 1276: 1273: 1269: 1267: 1261: 1255: 1245: 1241: 1239: 1233: 1231: 1227: 1224: 1219: 1215: 1210: 1207: 1203: 1199: 1190: 1188: 1181: 1167: 1166: 1160: 1156: 1154: 1147: 1145: 1139: 1129: 1127: 1123: 1112: 1110: 1109:externalities 1106: 1095: 1090: 1080: 1078: 1074: 1070: 1066: 1062: 1058: 1053: 1051: 1046: 1042: 1036: 1026: 1022: 1020: 1019: 1015: 1011: 1000: 998: 994: 990: 986: 982: 978: 974: 970: 966: 960: 959:Fisheries law 954: 947:Fish and game 944: 942: 938: 934: 920: 916: 912: 910: 906: 902: 898: 894: 890: 889:Forestry laws 883: 876: 869: 864: 852: 848: 844: 840: 834: 823: 821: 817: 813: 812:surface water 809: 803: 796: 791: 779: 775: 771: 766: 762: 756: 740: 738: 734: 729: 716: 712: 711:surface water 708: 704: 700: 696: 692: 686: 678: 673: 661: 657: 656:nuclear waste 653: 649: 645: 641: 635: 627: 622: 609: 605: 601: 597: 593: 589: 584: 580: 579:water quality 576: 570: 562: 557: 551:Water quality 545: 541: 537: 533: 529: 525: 521: 517: 511: 503: 498: 484: 482: 478: 474: 470: 469:air pollution 466: 462: 458: 454: 450: 446: 442: 438: 434: 430: 426: 420: 410: 408: 404: 400: 396: 392: 388: 384: 373: 368: 366: 361: 359: 354: 353: 351: 350: 345: 342: 340: 337: 335: 332: 330: 327: 325: 322: 320: 317: 315: 312: 310: 307: 305: 302: 300: 297: 295: 294:Insurance law 292: 290: 287: 285: 282: 278: 275: 274: 273: 270: 268: 265: 263: 260: 258: 255: 253: 250: 248: 245: 243: 240: 238: 235: 234: 233: 232: 228: 227: 222: 219: 217: 214: 212: 209: 207: 204: 202: 199: 197: 194: 193: 192: 191: 187: 186: 181: 178: 176: 175:Fisheries law 173: 171: 168: 166: 163: 161: 158: 156: 153: 152: 151: 150: 146: 145: 140: 137: 135: 132: 130: 127: 125: 122: 120: 117: 116: 115: 114: 110: 109: 105: 101: 100: 97: 94: 93: 89: 88: 79: 69: 63: 61: 56: 51: 47: 42: 41: 36: 34: 19: 8167:New Urbanism 7978: 7838:Deep ecology 7800:Geocriticism 7790:Ecocriticism 7762:Ethnoecology 7752:Ecosemiotics 7673:conservation 7582: 7575: 7568: 7561: 7549: 7473: 7238:Construction 7161:Applications 6879:Biodiversity 6638:Anthropocene 6538: 6411:Citizen suit 6399:and concepts 6322: 6296: 6062: 5912: 5904: 5882: 5874: 5866: 5858: 5850: 5842: 5834: 5826: 5818: 5810: 5802: 5794: 5786: 5778: 5756: 5748: 5740: 5732: 5724: 5716: 5694: 5686: 5664: 5656: 5648: 5640: 5632: 5624: 5616: 5608: 5600: 5592: 5584: 5576: 5554: 5546: 5538: 5530: 5522: 5514: 5506: 5484: 5476: 5468: 5460: 5452: 5444: 5436: 5374: 5367: 5353: 5339: 5112:Jurisdiction 5080:Legal remedy 5035:Adjudication 4935:Legal theory 4773:Ratification 4768:Promulgation 4739:Proclamation 4719:Codification 4652:Human rights 4640:Divine right 4630:Constitution 4598:Women in law 4516:Military law 4511:Marriage law 4506:Maritime law 4420: 4405:Election law 4345:Aviation law 4335:Abortion law 4287:Property law 4223:Criminal law 4085:EarthJustice 3992: 3975: 3960:(in English) 3948: 3933: 3906: 3883:. Retrieved 3873: 3862:. Retrieved 3858: 3849: 3838:. Retrieved 3834: 3825: 3814:. Retrieved 3810: 3801: 3790:. Retrieved 3786: 3777: 3766:. Retrieved 3762: 3753: 3742:. Retrieved 3738: 3728: 3716:. Retrieved 3707: 3695:. Retrieved 3691:the original 3681: 3669:. Retrieved 3636: 3630: 3622: 3613: 3602:. Retrieved 3598: 3589: 3564:. Retrieved 3557:the original 3544: 3533:. Retrieved 3529:the original 3524: 3515: 3503:. Retrieved 3494: 3489:38(1):47-62. 3486: 3481: 3469: 3458:. Retrieved 3454: 3445: 3424:cite journal 3412:. Retrieved 3378:cite journal 3366:. Retrieved 3341:j.ctv19rs1b2 3318: 3300: 3283: 3277: 3271: 3258: 3234: 3221: 3201: 3189:. Retrieved 3187:. 2007-01-09 3179: 3167:. Retrieved 3157: 3145:. Retrieved 3136: 3124:. Retrieved 3121:the Guardian 3120: 3110: 3098:. Retrieved 3093: 3084: 3072:. Retrieved 3063: 3051: 3028: 3021: 3009:. Retrieved 3005:the original 2995: 2981: 2969:. Retrieved 2965:the original 2955: 2943:. Retrieved 2933: 2921:. Retrieved 2910: 2898:. Retrieved 2887: 2876:. Retrieved 2872:the original 2867: 2858: 2846:. Retrieved 2819:. Retrieved 2815:the original 2805: 2793: 2782:. Retrieved 2775:the original 2762: 2746: 2741: 2732: 2707: 2703: 2690: 2682:Mother Jones 2681: 2672: 2663: 2654: 2645: 2636: 2625:. Retrieved 2609: 2601: 2577: 2568: 2558: 2545: 2529: 2517: 2505: 2493: 2481: 2468: 2463:(Chapter 3). 2443: 2432:. Retrieved 2418: 2409: 2399: 2392: 2382: 2374: 2362: 2326: 2319: 2301: 2294: 2283:. Retrieved 2274: 2263:. Retrieved 2258: 2249: 2240: 2234: 2214: 2205: 2194:. Retrieved 2190: 2181: 2170:. Retrieved 2166:the original 2161: 2152: 2142: 2138: 2130:R v Stephens 2128: 2124: 2114: 2110: 2099:. Retrieved 2095: 2086: 2075:. Retrieved 2066: 2054: 1973: 1937:South Africa 1911: 1882: 1873:biodiversity 1850: 1835: 1820: 1749: 1730: 1721: 1701:oil industry 1698: 1678: 1662: 1650: 1639: 1603:soil quality 1588: 1575: 1554: 1552: 1545: 1544: 1532:, including 1519: 1503: 1491: 1474:biodiversity 1438: 1430: 1421: 1384: 1360: 1344: 1313: 1288:multilateral 1281: 1277: 1270: 1263: 1242: 1234: 1211: 1200: 1196: 1183: 1158: 1149: 1141: 1118: 1101: 1092: 1065:Earth Summit 1054: 1038: 1023: 1016: 1012:in his 2015 1010:Pope Francis 1006: 993:conservation 962: 933:biodiversity 929: 919:conservation 905:multiple use 893:forest lands 887: 882:Forestry law 875:Forestry law 868:forestry law 816:ground water 810:, including 805: 725: 715:ground water 699:contaminants 646:, including 604:agricultural 449:River Thames 422: 390: 382: 381: 319:Property law 170:Forestry law 95: 73: 57: 55:lead section 32: 8187:Themed walk 7916:Stewardship 7896:Ecotheology 7843:Ecofeminism 7668:Photography 7454:conferences 7325:Procurement 7268:Development 7168:Advertising 7130:Measurement 7064:Tidal power 7059:Small hydro 7024:Micro hydro 6887:Biosecurity 6839:Appropriate 6768:Sustainable 6751:Advertising 6673:Consumption 6663:Development 6396:Regulations 5284:Legislature 5215:Bureaucracy 5012:Rule of man 5007:Rule of law 4982:Libertarian 4845:Chinese law 4746:Legislation 4696:Regulations 4684:Law reports 4662:Natural law 4558:Reparations 4553:Refugee law 4476:Jurimetrics 4417:(Media law) 4355:Banking law 4350:Amnesty law 4328:Disciplines 4265:Private law 3885:October 18, 3739:www.cbd.int 3735:"Singapore" 3321:. Seattle: 3074:October 18, 3011:October 18, 2971:October 18, 2923:28 February 2900:28 February 2848:October 18, 2646:Smithsonian 2549:See, e.g., 2538:UNEP Manual 2522:UNEP Manual 2512:, ¶¶ 24-28. 2510:UNEP Manual 2500:, ¶¶ 20-23. 2498:UNEP Manual 2488:, ¶¶ 12-19. 2486:UNEP Manual 2474:Laudato si' 1841:New Zealand 1510:Middle East 1500:Middle East 1202:Allegations 1018:Laudato si' 981:populations 977:environment 969:wild animal 733:Bisphenol A 611:priorities. 532:ozone layer 492:Air quality 445:Great Stink 387:regulations 8256:Categories 8150:assessment 8120:Biomimicry 8060:Sexecology 7957:arts-based 7820:Philosophy 7777:Literature 7345:Sanitation 7300:Livelihood 7223:Ecovillage 7208:Eco-cities 7125:Accounting 7034:Pico hydro 7014:Hydropower 6832:Technology 6630:Principles 5965:Refuse Act 5277:Law school 5157:Prosecutor 5095:Magistrate 4882:Jewish law 4840:Common law 4761:Rulemaking 4756:Regulation 4706:Law making 4645:Divine law 4621:Legal code 4568:Sports law 4491:Law of war 4441:Health law 4426:Family law 4410:Energy law 4360:Bankruptcy 4297:Punishment 4292:Public law 4113:Ecojustice 3897:References 3864:2020-10-27 3840:2020-10-27 3816:2020-10-27 3792:2020-10-27 3768:2020-10-27 3744:2020-10-27 3697:23 October 3671:23 October 3604:2015-08-27 3566:2014-05-27 3535:2015-08-27 3505:23 October 3460:2019-10-23 3414:15 January 3368:15 January 3191:23 October 3169:23 October 3147:23 October 3069:"EPBC Act" 2945:23 October 2896:. Euronews 2878:2015-08-27 2821:18 October 2784:2012-11-08 2627:2016-03-14 2434:2016-11-30 2285:2021-12-09 2265:2021-12-09 2196:2023-06-29 2172:2020-11-08 2101:2023-06-29 2096:nou.edu.ng 2077:2023-06-28 1713:neoliberal 1693:ecosystems 1669:phenomenon 1659:Congo (RC) 1634:See also: 1614:, and the 1522:pollutants 1370:See also: 1252:See also: 1163:Prevention 1003:Principles 999:practice. 839:Mining law 833:Mining law 737:pesticides 600:industrial 524:atmosphere 473:Great Smog 461:Parliament 425:common law 417:See also: 397:, such as 267:Energy law 165:Mining law 8130:Ecomuseum 8082:Slow food 8015:Bioethics 7795:Ecopoetry 7678:landscape 7438:Recycling 7433:Planetary 7423:Materials 7418:Landscape 7403:Fisheries 7370:Transport 7295:Landscape 7278:Marketing 7253:Gardening 7193:Community 7140:Reporting 7004:Footprint 6892:Biosphere 5978:Weeks Act 5972:Lacey Act 5940:decisions 5936:treaties, 5430:decisions 5255:Judiciary 5250:Executive 5225:The bench 5162:Solicitor 5137:Barrister 5017:Sociology 5002:Pseudolaw 4942:Anarchist 4899:Roman law 4887:Parsi law 4872:Hindu law 4860:Canon law 4835:Civil law 4788:Concordat 4679:Precedent 4588:Trust law 4563:Space law 4400:Drugs law 4270:Procedure 4208:Civil law 2724:157986703 2344:cite book 2336:730303720 1931:Singapore 1908:Singapore 1902:statutory 1810:Hazardous 1541:Australia 1322:, 1992's 1318:, 1983's 1300:Protocols 1292:bilateral 1282:Numerous 1223:Earth Day 802:Water law 728:chemicals 695:pollution 540:acid rain 522:into the 257:Earth law 60:summarize 35:(journal) 8230:Journals 8215:Category 8155:planning 7888:Religion 7853:Ecosophy 7688:wildlife 7658:Land art 7643:Crop art 7551:Category 7350:Sourcing 7285:Greening 7178:Business 7054:Security 7049:Scarcity 6463:LDV Rule 5362:Category 5304:Tribunal 5289:Military 5132:Attorney 5102:Judgment 4962:Feminist 4877:Jain law 4674:Case law 4395:Cyberlaw 4302:Corporal 4280:Criminal 4250:Evidence 4240:Doctrine 4218:Contract 3905:(1996). 3575:cite web 3243:Archived 3210:Archived 2590:Archived 2524:, ¶¶ 58. 1990:See also 1829:and the 1784:Tribunal 1707:against 1562:wetlands 1395:flooding 1342:(IUCN). 1296:treaties 1151:prevent 953:Game law 941:poaching 847:minerals 707:sediment 658:, among 457:cesspits 433:pigsties 429:nuisance 403:minerals 344:Wild law 309:Land use 304:Land law 277:poaching 180:Game law 76:May 2022 8235:Degrees 8225:Commons 8102:Applied 8039:museums 8003:Related 7724:Culture 7584:Degrees 7577:Studies 7570:Science 7365:Tourism 7258:Geopark 7248:Finance 7243:Fashion 6818:Control 6706:Ethical 6615:Outline 6103:(1972) 5961:(1899) 5376:Outline 5313:History 5220:The bar 5194:Verdict 5142:Counsel 5122:Justice 4977:History 4800:Statute 4616:Charter 4578:Tax law 4526:Probate 3718:27 June 3500:"Law 4" 3292:2128167 3286:: 365. 3126:27 July 3100:27 June 2864:"AECEN" 1970:Vietnam 1709:Chevron 1685:Ecuador 1675:Ecuador 1663:In the 1534:e-waste 1516:Oceania 1494:ecocide 985:license 441:threats 413:History 399:forests 262:Ecocide 7683:nature 7533:(2015) 7510:(2000) 7504:(1997) 7488:(1992) 7476:(1987) 7408:Forest 7310:Market 7305:Living 6922:Energy 6778:Market 6548:(2010) 6465:(2010) 6459:(2022) 6453:(2007) 6339:(2022) 6333:(2022) 6319:(2021) 6313:(2018) 6307:(2016) 6293:(2007) 6287:(2005) 6281:(1996) 6270:(1990) 6264:(1990) 6258:(1990) 6252:(1986) 6246:(1986) 6240:(1980) 6234:(1978) 6228:(1977) 6222:(1976) 6216:(1976) 6210:(1976) 6204:(1975) 6198:(1975) 6140:(1973) 6134:(1973) 6128:(1972) 6122:(1972) 6116:(1972) 6091:(1970) 6085:(1970) 6079:(1969) 6073:(1965) 6046:(1961) 6040:(1956) 6034:(1955) 6028:(1954) 6022:(1934) 6016:(1928) 6010:(1924) 6004:(1924) 5998:(1918) 5992:(1913) 5986:(1911) 5980:(1911) 5974:(1900) 5955:(1897) 5949:(1872) 5917:(2021) 5909:(1998) 5896:CERCLA 5887:(2023) 5879:(2020) 5871:(2018) 5863:(2016) 5855:(2013) 5847:(2012) 5839:(2009) 5831:(2009) 5823:(2007) 5815:(2006) 5807:(2006) 5799:(2004) 5791:(2001) 5783:(1985) 5761:(2021) 5753:(2018) 5745:(2007) 5737:(1995) 5729:(1992) 5721:(1978) 5699:(2012) 5691:(1978) 5669:(2022) 5661:(2021) 5653:(2015) 5645:(2014) 5637:(2011) 5629:(2007) 5621:(2007) 5613:(2004) 5605:(2004) 5597:(2001) 5589:(1984) 5581:(1975) 5559:(2010) 5551:(2008) 5543:(2004) 5535:(2004) 5527:(1983) 5519:(1983) 5511:(1973) 5489:(2021) 5481:(2000) 5473:(1990) 5465:(1979) 5457:(1978) 5449:(1972) 5441:(1920) 5294:Police 5265:Agency 5147:Lawyer 4892:Sharia 4783:Treaty 4778:Repeal 4724:Decree 4635:Custom 4531:Estate 4481:Labour 4245:Equity 4101:Canada 4017:ECOLEX 3968: 3955: 3940: 3926: 3913: 3643: 3339: 3329: 3290: 3262:NRDC, 3039: 2753: 2722: 2618: 2585:. See 2455:, the 2334: 2261:. 2018 2226: 2147:UKHL 1 1980:dioxin 1918:NParks 1879:Russia 1803:India. 1622:, and 1585:Canada 1572:Brazil 1381:Africa 1193:Theory 1083:Equity 851:mining 654:, and 534:, and 8029:ethic 7952:adult 7925:Other 7563:Lists 7443:Waste 7355:Space 7263:Green 6997:Water 6756:Brand 6620:Index 5929:Major 5898:cases 5772:cases 5710:cases 5680:cases 5570:cases 5500:cases 5369:Index 5235:Court 5179:Trial 5085:Judge 4926:Yassa 4729:Edict 4275:Civil 4228:Crime 3560:(PDF) 3553:(PDF) 3455:CELDF 3337:JSTOR 3225:EPA, 3033:(PDF) 2778:(PDF) 2771:(PDF) 2720:S2CID 2700:(PDF) 2540:¶ 63. 2047:Notes 1817:Japan 1787:1974. 1752:India 1740:India 1727:Egypt 1630:China 989:money 713:, or 644:waste 7183:City 6950:Food 6190:2007 6186:2000 6182:1999 6178:1996 6174:1992 6170:1990 6166:1988 6162:1986 6158:1976 6154:1974 5678:RCRA 5498:NEPA 5117:Jury 5065:Fiqh 4921:Xeer 4319:Tort 4235:Deed 3966:ISBN 3953:ISBN 3938:ISBN 3924:ISBN 3911:ISBN 3887:2012 3720:2015 3699:2012 3673:2012 3641:ISBN 3581:link 3507:2012 3437:help 3416:2021 3391:help 3370:2021 3327:ISBN 3288:SSRN 3205:See 3193:2012 3171:2012 3149:2012 3128:2020 3102:2020 3076:2012 3037:ISBN 3013:2012 2973:2012 2947:2012 2925:2024 2902:2024 2850:2012 2823:2012 2751:ISBN 2616:ISBN 2354:link 2350:link 2332:OCLC 2224:ISBN 1883:The 1855:and 1851:The 1821:The 1731:The 1589:The 1553:The 1431:The 1418:Asia 1374:and 979:and 973:game 967:and 965:fish 907:and 899:and 849:and 814:and 703:soil 602:and 481:coal 7635:Art 7173:Art 5770:CWA 5708:ESA 5568:CAA 4189:Law 2712:doi 2583:GDP 2551:DDT 2423:doi 2307:doi 2162:WHO 1978:on 1750:In 843:law 697:or 542:or 8258:: 6188:, 6184:, 6180:, 6176:, 6172:, 6168:, 6164:, 6160:, 6156:, 4623:/ 4092:, 3857:. 3833:. 3809:. 3785:. 3761:. 3737:. 3655:^ 3621:, 3597:. 3577:}} 3573:{{ 3523:. 3453:. 3428:: 3426:}} 3422:{{ 3399:^ 3382:: 3380:}} 3376:{{ 3349:^ 3335:. 3325:. 3309:^ 3284:37 3282:. 3119:. 3092:. 2866:. 2831:^ 2718:. 2708:28 2706:. 2702:. 2680:. 2662:. 2644:. 2567:. 2421:. 2417:. 2346:}} 2342:{{ 2257:. 2189:. 2160:. 2094:. 1683:, 1626:. 1524:, 1401:, 1354:, 1311:. 1294:) 1128:. 943:. 739:. 709:, 705:, 650:, 598:, 435:, 401:, 8056:) 8052:( 8041:) 8037:( 8031:) 8027:( 7619:e 7612:t 7605:v 6596:e 6589:t 6582:v 6152:( 5934:, 5411:e 5404:t 5397:v 4181:e 4174:t 4167:v 3944:. 3889:. 3867:. 3843:. 3819:. 3795:. 3771:. 3747:. 3722:. 3701:. 3675:. 3649:. 3607:. 3583:) 3569:. 3538:. 3509:. 3463:. 3439:) 3435:( 3418:. 3393:) 3389:( 3372:. 3343:. 3294:. 3266:. 3253:. 3229:. 3216:. 3195:. 3173:. 3151:. 3130:. 3104:. 3078:. 3045:. 3015:. 2989:. 2975:. 2949:. 2927:. 2904:. 2881:. 2852:. 2825:. 2787:. 2757:. 2726:. 2714:: 2684:. 2666:. 2648:. 2630:. 2596:. 2571:. 2553:. 2437:. 2425:: 2356:) 2338:. 2313:. 2309:: 2288:. 2268:. 2199:. 2175:. 2104:. 2080:. 1155:. 971:( 884:. 835:. 768:" 757:. 687:. 636:. 571:. 512:. 371:e 364:t 357:v 78:) 74:( 64:. 37:. 20:)

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.