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155:, waves, and female figures also appear on the stone's face. Surrounding this central stone are 37 smaller stones, placed in an open spiral, each engraved with the name of a woman killed by an act of violence perpetrated by a man. The Ottawa Women's Monument is located in the middle of Minto Park, in line with the
361:
Another controversy surrounding the monument is the claim that it is sexist in its targeting of men as perpetrators. Some feminists and members of the
Committee were also concerned with its specifying men as agents of violence against women because they thought it could direct attention away from the
99:
in
December 1989, and of other violence against women. It was unveiled on the anniversary of the massacre in 1992. The group continues to hold vigils for Ottawa women at the memorial. It also conducts annual gatherings on the December 6 anniversary. The Committee has planted trees at the park in
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is an instalment that incorporates feminine symbolic imagery. The boulder was chosen to call to mind the visual of hips without having to cut or modify in stone to make it look a particular way. This was important in its design so as to be easily identifiable as naturally female and not sculpted to
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symbol that signifies continuity and references ancient divine femininity. The round arrangement of the stones is meant to evoke a sense of cyclical life, death and rebirth, openness, and to encourage people to enter the walls of the enclave and engage with the memories of the women mourned there.
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imagery. Additionally, the memorial's geographical location between Ottawa's courthouse and the police station can act to remind visitors of the systemic issues at play in violence against women and the lack of attention given to addressing them.
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female imagery is also a subject of debate as it is seen by some as exclusionary in its portrayal of a particular kind of womanhood and its erasure of the specific struggles with gendered violence faced by indigenous women and girls.
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In 2000, legal issues surrounding the accusation of one of the women's alleged murderers took place. This resulted in the
Committee being required to remove the name of Sandra Campbell because her husband's murder charges were
358:. Instead of removing the stone, they replaced her name with "Jane Doe" to reflect the countless women who have disappeared, and the people responsible who have not been brought to justice by the legal system.
107:" due to legal issues, causing controversy and contributing to the dissolution of the committee. Since then, no official changes have been made to the monument though many people wish to have more names added.
413:
74:
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Upon the brutal murder of
Pamella Behrendt by her husband in 1990, the Women's Urgent Action Committee was created. They decided to use Minto Park as a spot for Behrendt's
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The central piece of the monument is a 2-metre-long (6.6 ft) uncut upright granite stone. On its rough surface is a smooth indented double-pointed oval, or
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519:
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Sherri Lee Guy, 20, killed in April 1995, shot by her ex-partner. Reports to police that day of threats by ex not taken seriously. Mother of an infant.
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Reva Bowers, 30, was killed in April 1991. Shot by estranged husband outside her home. He then shot himself in front of a group of schoolchildren.
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Carole Poulin Begley, 51, was killed in March 1996. Stabbed 14 times by husband. Police were often called by neighbours but no action was taken.
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Karena
Janveau, 24, was killed by her boyfriend in 1999. Perpetrator attempted to conceal the body in garbage bags in the basement.
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313:
Sharon
Mohamed, 14, was killed in June 1991 by her mother's boyfriend who threw boiling water on and stabbed her and her mother.
414:"Narratives of National Belonging at Ottawa Monuments: The Canadian Tribute to Human Rights and Enclave: The Women's Monument"
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Lori Heath, 34, was killed in
September 1993, throat cut by her partner whom she was separating from. Mother of a 13-year-old.
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is a public monument that honours the lives of local women and girls murdered by men between 1990 and 2000. It is located in
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495:
601:
472:
Davidson, Tonya (2012). "Stone Bodies in the City: Unmapping
Monuments, Memory and Belonging in Ottawa".
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Sophie Filion, 23, was found in garbage bags in
December 1993. Died of strangulation. No arrest was made.
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Angela Tong, 22, was killed winter of 1997. Stabbed to death, put in a hockey bag and left in the snow.
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The last engraving of a victim was made in 2000, when the name of Sandra
Campbell was replaced with "
264:, 46, was killed by her partner in 1995. Was missing for three months before her remains were found.
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Vanessa Ritchie, 24, triple-murder suicide of Vanessa and her two children by her husband in 1995.
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Cornelia Wyss, 24, killed in 1998, strangled by her husband in Switzerland. Mother of two sons.
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Pamella Behrendt, 55, was killed in June 1990 by her husband with a chainsaw. Mother of three.
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Carmen Jeannot, 43, was killed in 1995. Shot by husband alongside their 12-year-old daughter.
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Lori Goodfellow, was killed in September 1992 by her husband who also killed his second wife.
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123:. The main engraving consists of the same text in English and French. In English it reads:
8:
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Carrie Mancuso, 32, was killed in September 1995. Strangled to death. No arrest was made.
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Melanie Desroches, 13, killed in summer 1993. Beaten to death by a teenager from school.
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Lillian Pilon, 42, was killed in July 1990. Stabbed to death by husband. Mother to one.
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Bernita Herron, 36, body found in a duffel bag in a parking garage. No arrest was made.
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Marie Fernande Levesque, 70, was killed in 1994 by her husband in a murder-suicide.
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564:"Remembering the names of the women carved in stone at Ottawa's Women's Monument"
520:"Remembering the names of the women carved in stone at Ottawa's Women's Monument"
53:. It was built in 1992 by the Women's Urgent Action Committee in reaction to the
50:
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Mary Ann Paquette, 39, was killed on December 25, 1995. Strangled by husband.
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Barbara Lanthier, 46, was killed in 1994 by her husband. Drowned in car in
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Joan St. Jean, 53, was killed in April 1998 in a suspected murder-suicide.
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Tammy Proulx, 34, was killed in 1997 by a man she had a relationship with.
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Patricia Allen, 31, was killed in November 1991 by her husband. Shot with
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Micheline Cuerrier, 26, was killed in 1998. Throat slashed by boyfriend.
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Thelma Fokuhl, 66, was beaten to death by her partner in December 1992.
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Sylvie Boucher, 38, was killed in November 1996 by her husband. Double-
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The shape of the boulder and the polished pointed oval also reflects
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National Day of Remembrance and Action on Violence Against Women
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They commissioned a monument to memorialize the victims of the
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Rachel Favreau, 21, shot by her partner. Mother of an infant.
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Charmaine Thompson, 23, killed by boyfriend while pregnant.
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Victoria Debes, 58, killed 1998. Stabbed and struck with a
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578:"Murder charges stayed: Campbell a free man | CBC News"
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Barbara Teske, 38, was killed by her husband in 1998.
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Jane Doe, previously the marker for Sandra Campbell.
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Melinda Sheppitt, 16, was killed in September 1990.
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Kelli Davis, 33, was killed in 1996 by her husband.
444:"Activist Monument Against Violence | cjfleuryART"
100:memorial of murdered and abused women and girls.
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304:Anne Laurin, 37, was killed in 1997 by gunshot.
546:"Mentally Ill Fall Through Cracks Into Crime"
602:"Minto Park monument controversy | CBC News"
81:was created by artist C. J. Fleury and
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252:by her husband who also stabbed their son.
147:Illustrations of a three-swirl symbol (or
85:Mary Leigh Faught, led by the Committee.
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233:Esther Carlisle, 80, was killed in 1997.
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73:Unveiled December 6, 1992, on the
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288:Fengzhi Huang, 36, was killed in 2000.
205:The women and girls memorialized are:
183:fit certain ideas of femininity. The
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34:Enclave: The Ottawa Women's Monument
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544:Tam, Pauline (October 31, 1996).
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134:envision a world without violence
16:Public monument in Ottawa, Canada
637:Monuments and memorials to women
187:spiral engraved at the top is a
476:: 217–242 – via ProQuest.
642:1992 establishments in Ontario
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496:"Monument: Expansion Proposed"
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412:Davidson, Tonya (Fall 2016).
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667:Outdoor sculptures in Ottawa
214:in a downtown Ottawa street.
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97:École Polytechnique massacre
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167:, which is situated on the
57:of December 6, 1989, and a
28:in 2014, Minto Park, Ottawa
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132:abused and murdered by men
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227:with her 12-year-old son.
128:To honour and to grieve
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92:in summer 1990.
63:violence against women
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474:University of Alberta
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550:Newspaperarchive.com
430:10.3138/topia.36.99
83:landscape architect
432:– via TOPIA.
380:Anti-monumentalism
171:side of the park.
165:JosĂ© de San MartĂn
153:phases of the moon
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299:Mississippi River
55:Montreal Massacre
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501:November 7,
349:Controversy
250:rolling pin
161:Argentinian
111:Description
61:climate of
59:patriarchal
626:Categories
611:2018-11-08
587:2018-11-08
530:2018-11-07
453:2018-11-08
424:: 99–126.
386:References
121:engravings
39:Minto Park
362:victims.
189:neolithic
175:Symbolism
138:respected
130:all women
41:, off of
374:See also
212:crossbow
185:triskele
163:general
149:triskele
105:Jane Doe
151:), the
79:Enclave
69:History
26:Enclave
356:stayed
142:free.
47:Ottawa
194:yonic
140:&
90:vigil
45:, in
503:2018
365:The
157:bust
117:yoni
606:CBC
582:CBC
426:doi
159:of
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