47:
523:. Starting in 1114, Aguda united the Jurchen tribes under his rule and rebelled against the Liao dynasty. A year later, he declared himself emperor and established the Jin dynasty. By the time of his death, the Jin dynasty had conquered most of the Liao dynasty's territories and emerged as a major power in northern China. In 1145, he was posthumously honoured with the
670:
considered the Jin dynasty to be their natural allies. In 1117, the Song dynasty sent emissaries to the Jin dynasty, ostensibly to buy horses, but in reality to negotiate an alliance against the Liao dynasty. Between 1117 and 1123, seven Song delegations visited the
Jurchens, and six Jin embassies
603:. In 1109, during the height of a widespread famine, Aguda assisted his father in absorbing famished warriors from other Jurchen tribes to strengthen his own tribe. Later, he fought wars against other Jurchen tribes and succeeded in unifying all Jurchens under the Wanyan tribe's leadership.
713:
Aguda died in August 1123, at the age of 56. His death came a few months after the Jin and Song dynasties signed a treaty which recognised each other as equals and required the Song to pay the Jin an annual tribute of 200,000
691:
During the war against the Liao dynasty, Aguda also took time to establish the new feudal governmental system based on
Jurchen tribal customs. He also organised the national agriculture with a collectivist system known as the
683:
against the Liao dynasty. Under the conditions of the alliance, the Song dynasty would attack the Liao dynasty from the south, while in return, the Jin dynasty would hand over control of the Liao dynasty's
614:, went on a fishing expedition in Jurchen territory, he ordered all the chieftains to dance for him. Aguda became famous among the Jurchens when he was the only person who defied the order.
1538:
610:, as the leader of his tribe. Like other Jurchens, Aguda loathed what he considered the exploitation of his tribesmen by corrupt Liao officials. In 1112, when the Liao ruler,
1176:. Wiesbaden, 1975. Reprinted in: Herbert Franke and Hok-lam Chan, "Studies on the Jurchens and the Chin Dynasty", Variorum Collected Series Studies: CS591, Ashgate, 1997.
633:) and openly rebelled against the Liao dynasty. His cavalry captured Ningjiangzhou (寧江州; present-day Fuyu, Jilin Province) and defeated a 7,000-strong Liao army at the
1370:
652:
634:
617:
In early 1114, Aguda sent spies into Liao territory and prepared to revolt against the Khitan regime, which he considered decadent. His chief advisors were
907:
637:
in
November. In January 1115, following a series of military successes, Aguda proclaimed himself emperor, established the Jin dynasty, and adopted the
867:
151:
595:. He was well-known within his tribe for his bravery, and had participated in numerous campaigns against rival Jurchen tribes at the command of the
884:
1502:
1118:
1572:
1534:
1193:
1066:
1363:
921:
1208:). Franke translates and comments on Chapter 3 of this collection, which deals with the history and customs of the Jurchen people).
933:
927:
890:
1577:
1518:
1356:
1234:
1046:
1490:
1486:
1478:
659:. Between 1119 and 1122, his army repeatedly defeated Liao forces and captured all of the Liao dynasty's five capitals.
1034:
1252:
1201:
1181:
1567:
1482:
1474:
1125:("Aguda's and Nianhan's statues completed"), www.northeast.cn, 2005-09-19 (Including photos of the new statues)
625:. In September, Aguda rallied his tribesmen (around 2,500 men) at Liushui (流水; near present-day Lalin River in
482:
399:
332:
726:
in 1125, thereby ending the Liao dynasty's existence. Soon after conquering the Liao dynasty, the Jin dynasty
1514:
413:
346:
17:
1587:
1380:
1310:
1275:
1216:
1165:
1001:
508:
241:
55:
1582:
1226:
1115:
680:
1466:
1416:
1458:
1426:
1330:
723:
611:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1510:
1506:
1498:
1462:
1411:
1396:
1320:
719:
203:
Emperor
Yingqian Xingyun Zhaode Dinggong Renming Zhuangxiao Dasheng Wuyuan (應乾興運昭德定功仁明莊孝大聖武元皇帝)
73:
1006:
1494:
1470:
1454:
1431:
1401:
1139:
1063:
667:
531:
1562:
1557:
1348:
702:). Furthermore, Aguda absorbed elements of Han Chinese culture and ordered his chancellor
8:
722:. Wuqimai continued the campaign against the Liao dynasty and captured the Liao emperor,
685:
1033:
1197:
656:
1436:
1248:
1230:
1177:
1042:
727:
648:
138:
109:
651:, Jilin Province) and defeated 700,000 Liao troops with only 20,000 horsemen at the
1337:
1222:
The
Cambridge History of China, Volume 6: Alien Regimes and Border States, 907–1368
1168:, 1997 (I): "Chinese Texts on the Jurchen (I): a Translation of the Jurchen in the
638:
550:
500:
436:
369:
302:
279:
1000:
And, thus, appears in this form in more old-fashioned literature in
English, e.g.
1220:
1212:
1122:
1070:
771:
718:
of silver and 300,000 bolts of silk. Aguda was succeeded by his younger brother,
196:
1020:
852:
830:
755:
707:
679:). Between 1115 and 1123, the Jin and Song dynasties negotiated and formed the
618:
504:
147:
143:
1551:
1421:
596:
516:
515:
tribe, the most dominant among the
Jurchen tribes which were subjects of the
1138:
who came to power in 1150 after overthrowing and murdering his predecessor,
1064:论完颜阿骨打的政治、经济改革 (Discussion on Wanyan Aguda's political and economic reforms)
1406:
1200:) "Collected Accounts of the Treaties with the North under Three Reigns" (
1135:
779:
703:
622:
600:
592:
520:
474:
443:
376:
309:
730:
against the
Northern Song dynasty. Aguda was buried in the Rui Mausoleum (
663:
626:
524:
208:
647:). In August, his army conquered Huanglong Prefecture (黄龍府; present-day
1185:
584:
542:
24:
758:, have been erected on the grounds of the Jin Dynasty History Museum (
46:
1262:
is set in a fictionalized Liao China during the
Jurchen invasion.
743:
672:
607:
236:
224:
861:
797:
775:
588:
577:
clan. His mother was a daughter of the chieftain of the Nalan (
574:
570:
566:
512:
490:
251:
229:
918:
Consort Chong, of the Xiao clan (崇妃蕭氏, d. 20 September 1150)
901:
676:
630:
562:
155:
1039:
The
Contemporary Chinese Dictionary: Chinese-English Edition
1035:
Institute of Linguistics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
764:) at the former location of the old Jin capital, Shangjing (
662:
Since the Jin dynasty was an enemy of the Liao dynasty, the
1378:
715:
655:. By 1116, Aguda had completed the conquest of the entire
913:
Wanyan Zongmin, Prince of Shu (蜀王 完顏宗敏, d. 1150), 9th son
904:, Prince of Liang (梁王 完顏宗弼, d. 19 November 1148), 4th son
23:"Wanyan Aguda" redirects here. For the manga artist, see
855:, Prince of Liao (遼王 完顏宗幹, d. 17 June 1141), 1st son
469:(August 1, 1068 – September 19, 1123), personal name
448:
381:
314:
966:
Married Wugulun Elun (烏古論訛論) and had issue (one son)
952:Wanyan Wulu (完颜兀魯; 21 November 1152), 1st daughter
553:) appears in a very small number of books as well.
839:Wanyan Zongchao, Prince of Feng (豐王 完顏宗朝), 7th son
754:Mounted statues of Aguda and his chief commander,
887:, Emperor Ruizong (睿宗 完顏宗堯, 1096 – 1135), 5th son
873:Wanyan Zongjun, Prince of Chen (陳王 完顏宗雋), 6th son
842:Wanyan Zongjie, Prince of Zhao (趙王 完顏宗傑, d. 1127)
511:of China. He was originally the chieftain of the
1549:
671:went to the Song capital, Bianjing (present-day
1211:
849:Empress Guangyi, of the Peiman clan (光懿皇后 裴滿氏)
881:Empress Xuanxian of the Pusan clan (宣獻皇后 僕散氏)
1364:
898:First Consort, of the Wugulun clan (元妃 烏古論氏)
810:
804:
765:
759:
737:
731:
697:
642:
578:
561:Aguda was an eighth-generation descendant of
418:
404:
351:
337:
284:
870:, Prince Huansu of Song (宋桓肅王 完顏宗望), 2nd son
827:Empress Shengmu, of Tangkuo clan (聖穆皇后 唐括氏)
809:), posthumously honoured as Empress Yijian (
606:In 1113, Aguda succeeded his elder brother,
910:, Prince of Wei (衛王 完顏宗強, d. 1142), 8th son
1371:
1357:
45:
1184:. (The work whose name is transcribed in
1247:. University of Washington Press, 1976,
1102:
1100:
1098:
1086:
800:, posthumously honoured as Emperor Shizu
1550:
821:Consort and their ewspective issue(s):
583:) tribe. He was born in 1068 near the
1352:
1095:
565:, the great progenitor of the entire
1245:The Jurchen in Twelfth-Century China
963:Princess of Bi (畢國公主), 2nd daughter
876:Wanyan Elu, Prince of Shen (瀋王 完顏訛魯)
944:Wanyan Wohu, Prince of Ye (鄴王 完顏斡忽)
742:) outside Zhongdu (中都; present-day
65:28 January 1115 – 19 September 1123
13:
108:Rui Mausoleum (睿陵, in present-day
14:
1599:
549:(possibly from reconstruction of
1573:Jin dynasty (1115–1234) emperors
749:
177:Sinicised name: Wanyan Min (完顔旻)
1145:
537:The name Aguda is transcribed
1128:
1109:
1077:
1055:
1027:
1012:
1007:The Cambridge History of China
994:
974:married Pucha Shijianu (蒲察石家奴)
971:Princess Wanyan, 3rd daughter
643:
495:
486:
449:
419:
405:
382:
352:
338:
315:
285:
1:
1578:12th-century Chinese monarchs
1503:5 Dynasties & 10 Kingdoms
1083:Franke, 1997 (I), pp. 153–154
982:
770:), which is near present-day
499:), was the founder and first
18:Taizu of Jin (disambiguation)
1018:Chi-ming Tung, Jiming Dong,
987:
955:Married Tushan Dingge (徒單定哥)
941:Lady Dunuke (獨奴可) - a slave
7:
1190:San ch'ao pei-meng hui-pien
1174:Zantralasiatische Studien 9
1170:San ch'ao pei-meng hui-pien
1021:An outline history of China
545:; the alternative spelling
160:
10:
1604:
1227:Cambridge University Press
1172:. Originally published in
1158:
893:, Prince of Bin (豳王 完顏訛魯朵)
30:Emperor of the Jin dynasty
22:
15:
1452:
1443:
1387:
1335:
1327:
1317:
1308:
1302:
1297:
1269:
958:Married Tushan Gong (徒單恭)
924:, Prince of Ji (紀王 完顏習泥烈)
811:
805:
785:
766:
760:
738:
732:
720:Wuqimai (Emperor Taizong)
698:
681:Alliance Conducted at Sea
579:
460:
442:
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179:Jurchen name: Aguda (阿骨打)
176:
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167:
137:
117:
103:
91:
83:
79:
69:
61:
53:
44:
35:
1206:San chao beimeng huibian
936:, Prince of Ju (莒王 完顏燕孫)
930:, Prince of Xi (息王 完顏寧吉)
860:Empress Qinxian, of the
831:Wanyan Zongjun, Emperor
400:Traditional Chinese
333:Traditional Chinese
1568:Politicians from Harbin
1381:Jin dynasty (1115–1234)
1331:Emperor Tianzuo of Liao
1151:Aguda's maternal nephew
573:, the chieftain of the
556:
414:Simplified Chinese
347:Simplified Chinese
189:Shouguo (收國): 1115–1116
1321:Emperor Taizong of Jin
1311:Emperor of Jin dynasty
1092:Franke 1997(I), p. 154
708:Jurchen writing system
191:Tianfu (天輔): 1117–1123
74:Emperor Taizong of Jin
16:For other people, see
1271:Emperor Taizu of Jin
780:Heilongjiang Province
688:to the Song dynasty.
668:Northern Song dynasty
593:Heilongjiang Province
569:clan. His father was
803:Mother: Lady Nalan (
706:to develop a unique
653:Battle of Hubudagang
467:Emperor Taizu of Jin
270:Emperor Taizu of Jin
36:Emperor Taizu of Jin
1588:Liao dynasty rebels
1142:, in a coup d'état.
1061:Su, Jinyuan (苏金源),
686:Sixteen Prefectures
635:Battle of Chuhedian
587:within present-day
1422:Prince Shao of Wei
1121:2007-08-24 at the
1069:2020-10-20 at the
836:(徽宗 完顏宗峻), 3rd son
657:Liaodong Peninsula
530:by his descendant
1583:Founding monarchs
1545:
1544:
1407:Prince of Hailing
1347:
1346:
1318:Succeeded by
1258:Guy Gavriel Kay,
1236:978-0-521-24331-5
1213:Twitchett, Dennis
1048:978-7-5600-3195-8
864:clan (欽憲皇后 紇石烈氏)
736:) at Dafangshan (
464:
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437:Standard Mandarin
389:
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370:Standard Mandarin
322:
321:
303:Standard Mandarin
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110:Fangshan District
95:19 September 1123
1595:
1447:
1379:Emperors of the
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1338:Emperor of China
1328:Preceded by
1303:Preceded by
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908:Wanyan Zongqiang
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1314:
1306:
1305:Dynasty created
1287:
1281:
1280:
1276:House of Wanyan
1272:
1265:
1243:Jing-shen Tao,
1237:
1219:, eds. (1994).
1217:Franke, Herbert
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1123:Wayback Machine
1114:
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1106:CHT, pp.224–226
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1071:Wayback Machine
1060:
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868:Wanyan Zongwang
788:
772:Acheng District
752:
724:Emperor Tianzuo
612:Emperor Tianzuo
559:
197:Posthumous name
190:
178:
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132:
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125:Empress Qinxian
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123:Empress Guangyi
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121:Empress Shengmu
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96:
54:Emperor of the
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1166:Herbert Franke
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1140:Emperor Xizong
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1004:'s account in
1002:Herbert Franke
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694:Miŋgan Moumukə
677:Henan Province
649:Nong'an County
631:Jilin Province
619:Wanyan Zonghan
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1253:0-295-95514-7
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1232:
1228:
1225:. Cambridge:
1224:
1223:
1218:
1214:
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1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1182:0-86078-645-5
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934:Wanyan Yansun
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928:Wanyan Ningji
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920:
919:
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912:
909:
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902:Wanyan Zongbi
900:
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891:Wanyan Eluduo
889:
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793:
792:
783:
781:
777:
773:
757:
750:Commemoration
747:
745:
729:
725:
721:
717:
711:
709:
705:
695:
689:
687:
682:
678:
674:
669:
665:
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640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
615:
613:
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598:
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586:
576:
572:
568:
564:
554:
552:
548:
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540:
535:
533:
529:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
492:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
459:
447:
445:
441:
438:
434:
429:
425:
417:
415:
411:
403:
401:
397:
392:
380:
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367:
362:
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175:
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157:
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149:
145:
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140:
136:
131:Consort Chong
120:
116:
111:
106:
102:
94:
90:
87:1 August 1068
86:
82:
78:
75:
72:
68:
64:
60:
57:
52:
48:
43:
34:
26:
19:
1491:N. Dynasties
1487:S. Dynasties
1391:
1340:(Manchuria)
1336:
1309:
1289:
1282:
1274:
1259:
1244:
1221:
1205:
1189:
1173:
1169:
1147:
1136:Wanyan Liang
1130:
1111:
1088:
1079:
1062:
1057:
1038:
1029:
1019:
1014:
1005:
996:
832:
820:
819:
818:
790:
789:
753:
712:
704:Wanyan Xiyin
693:
690:
661:
623:Wanyan Xiyin
616:
605:
601:Liao dynasty
560:
546:
538:
536:
527:
521:Liao dynasty
494:
478:
470:
466:
465:
444:Hanyu Pinyin
377:Hanyu Pinyin
327:Wanyan Aguda
310:Hanyu Pinyin
159:
129:Consort Yuan
97:(1123-09-19)
1563:1123 deaths
1558:1068 births
1483:16 Kingdoms
1278:(1115–1234)
664:Han Chinese
641:"Shouguo" (
639:regnal name
525:temple name
509:Jin dynasty
209:Temple name
56:Jin dynasty
1552:Categories
1475:3 Kingdoms
1343:1115-1123
1315:1115–1123
1204:, pinyin:
1194:Xu Mengxin
1186:Wade-Giles
1134:Father of
1116:阿骨打、粘罕雕像落成
983:References
585:Ashi River
543:Wade-Giles
450:Wányán Mín
394:Wanyan Min
261:Lady Nalan
215:Taizu (太祖)
112:, Beijing)
25:F3 (manga)
1417:Zhangzong
1024:, p. 144
988:Citations
949:Unknown:
728:waged war
475:sinicised
316:Jīn Tàizǔ
184:Era dates
70:Successor
1427:Xuanzong
1119:Archived
1067:Archived
796:Father:
791:Parents:
761:金上京歷史博物馆
144:Shengguo
1412:Shizong
1397:Taizong
1159:Sources
1074:, p. 1.
833:Huizong
744:Beijing
673:Kaifeng
608:Wuyashu
580:拿懶 / 拏懶
539:A-ku-ta
505:Jurchen
503:of the
501:emperor
483:Chinese
280:Chinese
237:Dynasty
1515:W. Xia
1432:Aizong
1402:Xizong
1288:
1251:
1233:
1202:三朝北盟会编
1180:
1045:
862:Heseri
798:Helibo
786:Family
776:Harbin
597:Khitan
589:Harbin
575:Wanyan
571:Helibo
567:Wanyan
547:Akutta
517:Khitan
513:Wanyan
493::
491:pinyin
485::
258:Mother
252:Helibo
248:Father
230:Wanyan
161:others
152:Wolibu
133:Dunuke
118:Spouse
104:Burial
1459:Shang
1392:Taizu
1290:Died:
1283:Born:
716:taels
666:-led
599:-led
563:Hanpu
528:Taizu
519:-led
507:-led
477:name
471:Aguda
383:Āgǔdǎ
225:House
172:Names
156:Wuzhu
148:Woben
139:Issue
62:Reign
1531:Qing
1527:Ming
1523:Yuan
1511:Song
1507:Liao
1499:Tang
1463:Zhou
1292:1123
1285:1068
1249:ISBN
1231:ISBN
1196:'s (
1178:ISBN
1043:ISBN
812:翼簡皇后
699:猛安謀克
627:Fuyu
621:and
557:Life
92:Died
84:Born
1539:PRC
1535:ROC
1519:Jīn
1495:Sui
1479:Jìn
1471:Han
1467:Qin
1455:Xia
1198:徐夢莘
1192:is
1188:as
806:拏懶氏
746:).
739:大房山
541:in
496:Mín
479:Min
420:完颜旻
406:完顏旻
353:阿骨打
339:阿骨打
286:金太祖
242:Jin
39:金太祖
1554::
1537:/
1533:→
1529:→
1525:→
1521:→
1517:/
1513:/
1509:/
1505:→
1501:→
1497:→
1493:→
1489:/
1485:→
1481:/
1477:→
1473:→
1469:→
1465:→
1461:→
1457:→
1437:Mo
1229:.
1215:;
1097:^
1041:.
1037:.
782:.
778:,
774:,
767:上京
733:睿陵
710:.
675:,
644:收國
629:,
591:,
534:.
489:;
473:,
1446:金
1372:e
1365:t
1358:v
1255:.
1239:.
1051:.
815:)
696:(
487:旻
481:(
27:.
20:.
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