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Elections in the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic

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56: 1308: 532:, where the main space of political participation was open discussion meetings organised for all citizens to attend voluntarily, and in which they are free to express their opinions and put questions to the government representatives running the meeting, who are responsible to pass on the views and suggestions of the local population. The open discussion meetings, known as 725:
reserving seats to women. Members can be re-elected but cannot assume any other public office while serving as Members of the National Council. Members come from constituencies based either on the districts of the refugee camps or the military regions of the SADR; while mass organisations and the
1016: 727: 172: 167: 356: 583:, together with the National Secretariat, which is the most important decision-making organism inside the Polisario Front when Congresses are not held. The President of the SADR is also the General Secretary of the 1391: 1386: 492:
as soon as the SADR manages to establish its authority in all of Western Sahara. The Polisario would then either be dissolved or transformed into an ordinary political party based on an extraordinary Congress.
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Having a university degree or a two-year specialised certificate, in addition to five years of work or a professional experience of no less than five years in one or more of the following jobs:
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get seats reserved. The President of the National Council is elected from outside of the members from candidates proposed by the National Secretariat of the Polisario Front.
474: 1852: 1857: 383: 302: 157: 469:), a national liberation movement which formally proclaimed a government-in-exile in 27 February 1976. The United Nations, which considers Western Sahara to be a 1791: 1782: 106: 1407: 470: 162: 1778: 981: 652: 485: 69: 1274: 488:, proclaimed in 1976 and amemded several times, stipulates that the current political system is an emergency mechanism, with the intention to establish a 1296: 521:. After the proclamation of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic on 27 February 1976, the camps were administered as part of the newly created Sahrawi 1518: 576: 560: 94: 766: 185: 621:
The candidates are proposed by the Election Commission, and voted on by the Congress. The vote is done by ballot directly and secretly, with a
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To be elected General-Secretary of the Polisario Front and thus President of the SADR the following requirements have to be met:
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Having a militant experience of at least twenty years and have held positions in the national leadership for at least ten years.
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Being a political supervisor performing their duties in the institution they supervise when submitting their candidacy file.
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in 1975. The sovereignty over Western Sahara is unresolved: the territory is contested by Morocco and the
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To be elected to the Sahrawi National Council the following requirements (as set in Article 82 of the
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Formal and Informal Gender Quotas in State-Building: The Case of the Sahara Arab Democratic Republic
1693: 1583: 1513: 1320: 1158: 771: 638: 552: 131: 1753: 1673: 1638: 1623: 1608: 1563: 1498: 1017:"Performing the nation, pre-figuring the state: the Western Saharan refugees, thirty years later" 665: 600: 529: 421: 319: 76: 1804: 1056: 1628: 1259: 893: 861: 826: 799: 418: 1728: 1703: 1553: 1548: 1528: 1493: 1478: 1426: 564: 556: 502: 225: 1800: 1713: 1683: 1668: 1653: 1643: 1633: 1598: 1593: 1543: 1488: 1463: 46: 34: 8: 1723: 1718: 1658: 1613: 1573: 1468: 1449: 838: 545: 541: 414: 1378: 1698: 1648: 1603: 1588: 1568: 1558: 1533: 1473: 1194: 1124: 1076: 1036: 926:(1988). "Participatory Democracy in the Sahara: A Study of Polisario Self-Governance". 714: 518: 489: 215: 30: 1708: 1618: 1508: 1262:[Polisario Front - SADR Binomial] (in Spanish). SaharawisToday. 1 August 2023 1238: 1198: 1128: 1116: 1080: 1040: 626: 417:
at a national, regional and local level. Elections are considered to be held under a
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Ambassador, representative or a head of a diplomatic mission at a country level;
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Member of the executive office of a mass organization for at least a full term;
642: 514: 454: 443: 1190: 1072: 1032: 477:(MINURSO), which administered a ceasefire in place between September 1991 and 432:(the sole legally recognised political movement in the SADR, which leads to a 1846: 1120: 923: 622: 951:[All the details on how the Congress of the Polisario Front works]. 513:, the only neighbouring country friendly with Polisario) to accommodate the 466: 722: 522: 625:
of at least two-thirds of the vote required to win the first round and an
99: 1144: 1097:"Hospitality's Prowess: Performing Sahrāwī Sovereignty in Refugee Camps" 1112: 1418: 949:"Todo el detalle sobre cómo funciona el Congreso del Frente Polisario" 1154: 29:"Elections in Western Sahara" redirects here. For elections in the 1151:
Australasian Political Studies Association (APSA) Conference 2008
510: 506: 447: 473:, has attempted to hold a referendum on the issue through the 1234: 1057:"Nationalism, identity and citizenship in the Western Sahara" 683:
Member of the Sahrawi National Council for one or more terms;
536:, are held before elections and congresses of organisations ( 555:
and to the heads of the districts and municipalities of the
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El Frente Polisario: Desde sus orígenes hasta la actualidad
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United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara
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The political system established has been described as a
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The Polisario Front: From its origins to the present
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Constitution of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
898: 866: 831: 804: 559:, with the heads of regions being appointed by the 1853:Elections in the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic 1313:Elections in the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic 577:President of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic 561:President of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic 411:Elections in the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic 1858:Politics of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic 1844: 943: 941: 928:Scandinavian Journal of Development Alternatives 767:Politics of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic 648:. The election system has varied several times. 551:Direct elections were held to the newly formed 1101:PoLAR: Political and Legal Anthropology Review 563:. Municipalities have been established in the 1434: 1290: 938: 391: 1220: 967: 846: 1441: 1427: 1297: 1283: 1054: 641:, legally considered the successor of the 609:Having military experience during the war. 398: 384: 986:Center for Western Sahara Studies of the 695:Basic branch secretary or mayor or above; 567:, but elections haven't been held there. 461:(Popular Front for the Liberation of the 1142: 701:Former secretary of a mass organization. 570: 525:, the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic. 1448: 637:Legislative elections are held for the 632: 14: 1845: 1172: 1094: 692:Member of a regional council or above; 501:The Polisario Front organised several 446:, a territory largely administered by 1422: 1278: 1021:The Journal of Modern African Studies 1014: 922: 878: 686:Regional staff in the army and above; 1179:The Journal of North African Studies 1061:The Journal of North African Studies 811: 1095:Solana, Vivian (19 December 2019). 888: 875:neighbourhoods in the refugee camps 856: 821: 794: 709:Elections are held on the basis of 24: 1214: 315:Political status of Western Sahara 25: 1869: 1260:"Binomio Frente Polisario - RASD" 1252: 1173:Wilson, Alice (21 October 2010). 755:2008 Sahrawi legislative election 750:2012 Sahrawi legislative election 745:2016 Sahrawi legislative election 740:2020 Sahrawi legislative election 735:2023 Sahrawi legislative election 1749:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic 1519:Democratic Republic of the Congo 1306: 426:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic 54: 1143:Rossetti, Sonia (6 July 2008). 1015:Mundy, Jacob A. (14 May 2007). 1007: 671:Having a clean criminal record. 615:Having a clean criminal record. 581:Congress of the Polisario Front 916: 784: 13: 1: 909: 1221:Ruiz Miguel, Carlos (2022). 955:(in Spanish). 8 January 2023 719:single non-transferable vote 674:Being at least 25 years old. 612:Being at least 40 years old. 471:non-self-governing territory 7: 899: 867: 832: 805: 760: 439:) structures are parallel. 18:Elections in Western Sahara 10: 1874: 1055:San Martin, Pablo (2005). 496: 413:are regularly held by the 31:Moroccan-administered part 28: 1762: 1737: 1456: 1400: 1377: 1319: 1191:10.1080/13629380903424380 1073:10.1080/13629380500336870 1033:10.1017/S0022278X07002546 310:International recognition 112:Bouchraya Hammoudi Bayoun 1504:Central African Republic 1159:University of Queensland 777: 772:Sahrawi National Council 639:Sahrawi National Council 553:Sahrawi National Council 486:Constitution of the SADR 422:participatory democratic 210:Administrative divisions 132:Sahrawi National Council 1321:Parliamentary elections 721:election system with a 530:participatory democracy 320:Western Sahara conflict 33:of Western Sahara, see 1237:: Editorial Almuzara. 806:al-nadawat al-siyāsīya 629:for the second round. 335:Diplomatic missions of 158:Constitutional Council 1664:São Tomé and Príncipe 1524:Republic of the Congo 571:Presidential election 565:Liberated Territories 557:Sahrawi refugee camps 517:refugees fleeing the 226:Sahrawi refugee camps 1450:Elections in Africa 1229:] (in Spanish). 728:Consultative Council 633:Legislative election 442:The SADR claims the 325:ICJ Advisory Opinion 47:Politics of the SADR 35:Elections in Morocco 1739:States with limited 415:government-in-exile 1113:10.1111/plar.12312 715:universal suffrage 655:) have to be met: 579:is elected by the 534:political meetings 519:Western Sahara War 490:multi-party system 1840: 1839: 1766:other territories 1539:Equatorial Guinea 1416: 1415: 1379:Spanish elections 897: 865: 843:'circles' 842: 830: 803: 653:2023 Constitution 627:absolute majority 408: 407: 352:Visa requirements 303:Foreign relations 245:Recent elections 16:(Redirected from 1865: 1827: 1826:(United Kingdom) 1822:Tristan da Cunha 1818:Ascension Island 1810: 1797: 1788: 1764:Dependencies and 1457:Sovereign states 1443: 1436: 1429: 1420: 1419: 1311: 1310: 1309: 1299: 1292: 1285: 1276: 1275: 1271: 1269: 1267: 1248: 1209: 1207: 1205: 1169: 1167: 1165: 1139: 1137: 1135: 1091: 1089: 1087: 1051: 1049: 1047: 1001: 1000: 998: 996: 990: 979: 971: 965: 964: 962: 960: 945: 936: 935: 920: 903: 902: 892: 890: 882: 876: 870: 860: 858: 850: 844: 837: 835: 825: 823: 815: 809: 808: 798: 796: 795:الندوات السياسية 788: 666:Sahrawi national 601:Sahrawi national 400: 393: 386: 58: 42: 41: 21: 1873: 1872: 1868: 1867: 1866: 1864: 1863: 1862: 1843: 1842: 1841: 1836: 1835: 1825: 1808: 1795: 1786: 1767: 1765: 1758: 1742: 1740: 1733: 1452: 1447: 1417: 1412: 1396: 1373: 1315: 1307: 1305: 1303: 1265: 1263: 1258: 1255: 1245: 1217: 1215:Further reading 1212: 1203: 1201: 1163: 1161: 1133: 1131: 1085: 1083: 1045: 1043: 1010: 1005: 1004: 994: 992: 985: 977: 973: 972: 968: 958: 956: 947: 946: 939: 921: 917: 912: 907: 906: 883: 879: 851: 847: 816: 812: 789: 785: 780: 763: 707: 706: 660: 635: 619: 618: 595: 585:Polisario Front 573: 499: 463:Saguia el Hamra 459:Polisario Front 437:one-party state 430:Polisario Front 428:(SADR) and the 424:regime, as the 404: 375: 371:Other countries 362: 361: 343: 331: 305: 295: 294: 289: 267: 241: 231: 230: 211: 203: 202: 196:Polisario Front 188: 178: 177: 173:Judicial system 168:Court of Appeal 153: 145: 144: 127: 119: 118: 90: 82: 81: 77:Nationality law 72: 49: 38: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 1871: 1861: 1860: 1855: 1838: 1837: 1834: 1833: 1831:Western Sahara 1828: 1811: 1798: 1789: 1775:Canary Islands 1771: 1770: 1768: 1763: 1760: 1759: 1757: 1756: 1751: 1745: 1743: 1738: 1735: 1734: 1732: 1731: 1726: 1721: 1716: 1711: 1706: 1701: 1696: 1691: 1686: 1681: 1676: 1671: 1666: 1661: 1656: 1651: 1646: 1641: 1636: 1631: 1626: 1621: 1616: 1611: 1606: 1601: 1596: 1591: 1586: 1581: 1576: 1571: 1566: 1561: 1556: 1551: 1546: 1541: 1536: 1531: 1526: 1521: 1516: 1511: 1506: 1501: 1496: 1491: 1486: 1481: 1476: 1471: 1466: 1460: 1458: 1454: 1453: 1446: 1445: 1438: 1431: 1423: 1414: 1413: 1411: 1410: 1404: 1402: 1398: 1397: 1395: 1394: 1389: 1383: 1381: 1375: 1374: 1372: 1371: 1366: 1361: 1356: 1351: 1346: 1341: 1336: 1331: 1325: 1323: 1317: 1316: 1302: 1301: 1294: 1287: 1279: 1273: 1272: 1254: 1253:External links 1251: 1250: 1249: 1243: 1216: 1213: 1211: 1210: 1185:(4): 423–438. 1170: 1140: 1107:(2): 362–379. 1092: 1067:(3): 565–592. 1052: 1027:(2): 275–297. 1011: 1009: 1006: 1003: 1002: 991:. 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Index

Elections in Western Sahara
Moroccan-administered part
Elections in Morocco
Politics of the SADR

Constitution
Nationality law
President
Brahim Gali
Prime Minister
Bouchraya Hammoudi Bayoun
Sahrawi National Council
Hamma Salama
Constitutional Council
Supreme Court
Court of Appeal
Judicial system
Politics
Polisario Front
Free Zones
Sahrawi refugee camps
Elections
2016
2019
2023
2016
2020
2023
Foreign relations
International recognition

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