74:
2397:
841:
2336:
932:
2346:
2385:
2409:
2373:
225:
A). In the Warsaw source, the work is labeled "Opus Egardi." In Mod A, "Egardus" is used. In no other source of this work is there an attribution. Strohm notes that
Egardus's music is less complex than other mid-century composers, but this lack of complexity can either be attributed to an early
192:
37, independently discovered by Schmid and Strohm) and two sources from Padua, Biblioteca
Universitaria: MSS Ba 2.2.a (formerly 1225, part of Pad D) and 1475 (part of Pad A). Both of the Paduan sources originally come from the Paduan
564:
Pirrotta, Nino (1944â45). "Il codice estense lat. 568 e la musica francese in Italia al principio del '400" [The
Estense Lat. codex. 568 and French music in Italy at the beginning of the 15th century].
578:
Schmid, Bernhold (1985). "Zur
Rekonstruktion einer Gloria-Motette von Engardus in den Paduaner Fragmenten" [On the reconstruction of a Gloria motet by Engardus in the Paduan fragments].
496:
Di Bacco, Giuliano; NĂĄdas, John (2004). "Zacara e i suoi colleghi italiani nella cappella papale" [Zacara and his
Italian colleagues in the papal chapel]. In Zimei, Francesco (ed.).
124:
in 1370 as a possible match for the composer. This appointment suggests to Strohm that
Echgaerd would have been born by or before 1340. Strohm also finds connections to a work by
176:
is found in a single source, Mod A (Modena, Biblioteca
Estense e Universitaria alpha.M.5.24). His other two works have a somewhat wider distribution. The
513:
101:, and that exception, a Polish manuscript, has strong Italian connections. The most important biographical research on the composer was conducted by
93:
or
Italian. A northern origin is suggested by his name, a copy of one of his works in a Flemish manuscript, and a possible citation of his music by
65:âappear to be less complex than music by mid-century composers, possibly because they date from either very early or very late in Egardus' career.
653:
25:
2429:
969:
1507:
712:
676:
49:. Almost no information survives about his life, and only three of his works are known. A certain "Johannes Ecghaerd", who held
1999:
89:
Little is known with certainty about his life. The enigma of his biography stems from a difficulty in knowing whether he was
610:
540:
999:
160:âa connection between manuscript and court now considered more tenuous, and not from the lists of singers in the Italian
1841:
1333:
775:
2223:
2449:
2444:
2208:
2181:
994:
367:, Bisschoppelijk Archief Brugge, Reeks A no. 48: 26.3.1371; 21.5.1371; 22.5.1387; A no. 49 (1394-) f. 1r; cited in
2203:
2213:
1462:
272:
258:
2439:
1519:
1127:
1009:
1328:
105:, who notes that it was more common for Northern works (and composers) to travel to Italy than the opposite.
305:
contains several errors in addition to the omission of the source in Udine discovered after its publication.
1447:
1362:
962:
497:
209:
Biblioteka KrasiĆski 52, commonly called Kras.) f. 204v-205r, Mod A f. 21v-22r, a collection of sources in
132:, an unlikely coincidence if they were not working in close proximity to each other. Johannes Egardus held
705:
156:
c.1410. However, Pirrotta's evidence was based on the position of
Egardus's works within the manuscript
2434:
2363:
2326:
2191:
989:
921:
113:
78:
2186:
1861:
1856:
1502:
795:
790:
2339:
1487:
1417:
955:
658:
524:
2198:
2389:
2349:
2228:
2034:
1690:
1377:
935:
698:
177:
62:
1070:
532:
2290:
1605:
1457:
1313:
1308:
1170:
880:
98:
1752:
1382:
2102:
2097:
2004:
1821:
1808:
1757:
1726:
1675:
1566:
1412:
1227:
1212:
1155:
1105:
1065:
1022:
755:
742:
1472:
1242:
681:
556:
8:
2305:
2300:
2148:
1931:
1721:
1620:
1551:
1427:
1422:
1367:
1283:
1253:
1110:
1100:
1055:
1017:
685:
1392:
1034:
2401:
2259:
2249:
2218:
2029:
2009:
1851:
1747:
1695:
1655:
1640:
1556:
1407:
1318:
1090:
785:
589:
580:
519:
2345:
2131:
2019:
1989:
1949:
1896:
1831:
1742:
1737:
1685:
1645:
1582:
1561:
1467:
1452:
1402:
1263:
1222:
1150:
1060:
913:
830:
765:
628:
606:
536:
484:
227:
214:
471:
2377:
2143:
1891:
1814:
1767:
1731:
1701:
1680:
1372:
1357:
1116:
825:
748:
648:
528:
231:
198:
472:"Fragments in Padua and Cividale: Music in Two Important Centers of the Northeast"
2295:
2119:
2024:
1984:
1920:
1876:
1268:
1247:
1232:
1178:
1085:
856:
810:
620:
102:
567:
Il codice estense lat. 568 e la musica francese in Italia al principio del '400
2254:
2124:
2114:
1994:
1925:
1886:
1866:
1846:
1576:
1546:
1432:
1288:
1258:
978:
890:
820:
800:
780:
81:
in Bruges as it appeared about 270 years after
Johannes Ecghaerd was appointed
73:
40:
2423:
2060:
1959:
1826:
1794:
1650:
1571:
1217:
1095:
1078:
840:
760:
722:
488:
210:
181:
145:
45:
1397:
632:
506:] (in Italian). Lucca: Libreria Musicale Italiana (LIM). pp. 33â54.
2413:
2396:
2285:
2092:
2055:
2014:
1979:
1954:
1939:
1437:
1273:
1048:
863:
157:
125:
94:
2280:
2275:
2070:
1442:
1387:
1293:
1141:
895:
478:
149:
1349:
593:
61:, may be a possible match for Egardus. The extant worksâa canon and two
1871:
1541:
1237:
1203:
1198:
805:
217:(f. Dv-4r), Padua Ba 2.2.a (1225), f. 1v, and, recently identified, in
1165:
144:
manuscripts suggested to Strohm that he may have been resident there.
2082:
1944:
1762:
1497:
672:
603:
The Manuscript Modena, Biblioteca Estense a.M.5.24 (ModA): Commentary
137:
109:
82:
58:
1160:
97:. But with only one other exception, all of his works are found in
2244:
2164:
2087:
2050:
1533:
1323:
1303:
1278:
222:
133:
90:
50:
627:. Certaldo: Centro di Studio L'ars nova italiana. pp. 41â68.
2158:
2136:
2107:
2065:
1492:
1040:
1027:
947:
410:
185:
153:
690:
148:
had suggested that he may have been one of the musicians in the
1881:
1803:
1298:
815:
737:
202:
121:
54:
108:
Strohm identifies a "Magister Johannes Ecghaerd" appointed as
2153:
2077:
623:(1992). "Magister Egardus and other Italo-Flemish contacts".
218:
194:
141:
242:
Additional editions are listed in the critical notes of the
161:
319:
201:. An untroped Gloria appears in five independent sources:
446:
386:
275:, 1987), p. 90 (Gloria, "Spiritus et Alme"), 214 (
346:
336:
334:
2361:
374:
331:
512:
434:
480:Trecento Fragments and Polyphony Beyond the Codex
422:
264:Fischer, Kurt von and F. Alberto Gallo, editors.
250:Fischer, Kurt von and F. Alberto Gallo, editors.
2421:
398:
654:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
226:date for its composition, contemporaneous with
172:Only three works by Egardus survive. A canon,
174:Furnos reliquisti quare; Equum est et salutare
963:
706:
495:
416:
221:, Archivio di Stato framm. 22 recto (part of
184:"Spiritus et Alme" appears in three sources,
164:chapels: lists from which Egardus is absent.
1613:
605:. Lucca: Libreria Musicale Italiana (LIM).
563:
392:
970:
956:
713:
699:
269:Polyphonic Music of the Fourteenth Century
255:Polyphonic Music of the Fourteenth Century
244:Polyphonic Music of the Fourteenth Century
483:(Thesis). Cambridge: Harvard University.
469:
452:
325:
140:and Bruges. The number of his pieces in
72:
1604:
1508:List of Galician-Portuguese troubadours
677:Digital Image Archive of Medieval Music
647:
533:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.08599
504:Antonio Zacara from Teramo and his time
499:Antonio Zacara da Teramo e il suo tempo
16:14th-century medieval European composer
2422:
619:
577:
440:
428:
380:
368:
352:
340:
261:, 1976), p. 21 (untroped Gloria).
68:
951:
694:
600:
510:
404:
302:
230:, or a far later date, just prior to
266:Italian Sacred and Ceremonial Music,
252:Italian Sacred and Ceremonial Music,
237:
205:, Biblioteka Narodowa, MS III.8054 (
1334:Other troubadours and trobairitz...
625:L'Ars nova italiana del Trecento VI
128:, a Dutch composer, in the text of
13:
977:
684:at the Medieval Music Database of
641:
14:
2461:
720:
666:
188:, Universiteitsbibliotheek 1846 (
2430:Belgian male classical composers
2407:
2395:
2383:
2371:
2344:
2335:
2334:
931:
930:
839:
470:Cuthbert, Michael Scott (2006).
682:List of compositions by Egardus
673:List of compositions by Egardus
295:
651:(1980). "Egardus (Engardus)".
358:
1:
1329:William IX, Duke of Aquitaine
283:
557:UK public library membership
365:Acta Capitularia Sint-Donaas
312:
99:Northern Italian manuscripts
7:
1000:List of musical instruments
10:
2466:
462:
2316:
2268:
2237:
2174:
2043:
1972:
1913:
1862:Matheus de Sancto Johanne
1857:Johannes Symonis Hasprois
1792:
1788:
1714:
1668:
1633:
1600:
1531:
1527:
1518:
1503:Galician-Portuguese lyric
1448:Jehan le Cuvelier d'Arras
1363:Andrieu Contredit d'Arras
1348:
1197:
1139:
1135:
1126:
1008:
985:
906:
873:
848:
837:
796:Matheus de Sancto Johanne
791:Johannes Symonis Hasprois
730:
417:Di Bacco & NĂĄdas 2004
273:Ăditions de l'Oiseau-Lyre
259:Ăditions de l'Oiseau-Lyre
1892:Antonio Zacara da Teramo
826:Antonio Zacara da Teramo
657:. Vol. VI. Oxford:
301:N.B. the source list in
288:
167:
2450:Ars subtilior composers
2445:Medieval male composers
1418:Gillebert de Berneville
995:List of music theorists
659:Oxford University Press
525:Oxford University Press
114:St Donatian's Cathedral
79:St Donatian's Cathedral
1691:Gherardello da Firenze
1378:Le Chastelain de Couci
1171:Philippe le Chancelier
511:Nosow, Robert (2001).
86:
2440:Musicians from Bruges
2000:Johannes de Garlandia
1314:Raimbaut de Vaqueiras
927:Also music theorist*
881:Music of the Trecento
118:Sint-Donaaskathedraal
76:
2321:Also music theorist*
2005:Johannes de Grocheio
1822:Conradus de Pistoria
1809:Philippus de Caserta
1758:Philippus de Caserta
1727:Antonello da Caserta
1676:Andreas de Florentia
1567:Guillaume de Machaut
1228:Bernart de Ventadorn
1213:Aimeric de Peguilhan
1156:Albertus Parisiensis
1106:Adam of Saint Victor
1066:Saint Martial school
1023:Notker the Stammerer
756:Conradus de Pistoria
743:Philippus de Caserta
601:Stone, Anne (2005).
77:A 1735 engraving of
1932:Contenance angloise
1722:Bartolino da Padova
1621:Marchetto da Padova
1552:Magister Franciscus
1428:Guillaume le Vinier
1423:Gontier de Soignies
1368:Audefroi le Bastart
1254:Folquet de Marselha
1111:Wulfstan the Cantor
1101:Hildegard of Bingen
1071:Adémar de Chabannes
1056:Fulbert of Chartres
1018:Abbey of Saint Gall
1010:Early (before 1150)
686:La Trobe University
328:, pp. 170â171.
69:Identity and career
2260:Neo-Medieval music
2250:Medieval folk rock
2030:Berno of Reichenau
2010:Iacobus de Ispania
1852:Petrus de Goscalch
1753:NiccolĂČ da Perugia
1748:Grazioso da Padova
1696:Lorenzo da Firenze
1656:Vincenzo da Rimini
1641:Giovanni da Cascia
1473:Other trouvĂšres...
1458:Perrin d'Angicourt
1408:Gautier de Dargies
1383:Chrétien de Troyes
1319:Raimon de Miravalh
1309:Raimbaut d'Aurenga
786:Petrus de Goscalch
581:Die Musikforschung
520:Grove Music Online
87:
2435:Flemish composers
2359:
2358:
2327:Renaissance music
2035:Aurelian of RĂ©ĂŽme
2020:Johannes de Muris
1990:Franco of Cologne
1968:
1967:
1950:Arnold de Lantins
1909:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1832:Johannes Cuvelier
1784:
1783:
1780:
1779:
1776:
1775:
1743:Giovanni Mazzuoli
1738:Matteo da Perugia
1710:
1709:
1686:Francesco Landini
1664:
1663:
1646:Jacopo da Bologna
1629:
1628:
1596:
1595:
1592:
1591:
1583:Philippe de Vitry
1562:Jehan de Lescurel
1483:
1482:
1468:Raoul de Soissons
1413:Gautier d'Espinal
1403:Gautier de Coincy
1344:
1343:
1264:Giraut de Bornelh
1243:CerverĂ de Girona
1223:Arnaut de Mareuil
1193:
1192:
1189:
1188:
1151:Notre-Dame school
1061:Heriger of Lobbes
990:List of composers
945:
944:
922:Renaissance music
766:Johannes Cuvelier
649:Fischer, Kurt von
612:978-88-7096-331-1
555:(subscription or
542:978-1-56159-263-0
355:, pp. 44â45.
277:Furnos reliquisti
238:Editions of music
228:Philippe de Vitry
215:Dartmouth College
130:Furnos reliquisti
39:) was a European
37:Johannes Echgaerd
2457:
2412:
2411:
2410:
2400:
2399:
2388:
2387:
2386:
2376:
2375:
2374:
2367:
2348:
2338:
2337:
2144:Liturgical drama
1911:
1910:
1818:
1815:Johannes Ciconia
1790:
1789:
1786:
1785:
1768:Zacara da Teramo
1732:Johannes Ciconia
1712:
1711:
1702:Paolo da Firenze
1681:Donato da Cascia
1666:
1665:
1631:
1630:
1611:
1610:
1602:
1601:
1598:
1597:
1586:
1529:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1520:Late (1300â1400)
1463:Philippe de RĂ©mi
1393:Conon de BĂ©thune
1373:Blondel de Nesle
1358:Adam de la Halle
1346:
1345:
1284:Peire d'Alvernha
1195:
1194:
1182:
1137:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1128:High (1150â1300)
1117:Wipo of Burgundy
1082:
1052:
1044:
1035:Stephen of LiĂšge
972:
965:
958:
949:
948:
934:
933:
843:
752:
749:Johannes Ciconia
715:
708:
701:
692:
691:
662:
636:
621:Strohm, Reinhard
616:
597:
574:
560:
553:
551:
549:
516:
507:
492:
476:
456:
450:
444:
438:
432:
426:
420:
414:
408:
402:
396:
393:Pirrotta 1944â45
390:
384:
378:
372:
362:
356:
350:
344:
338:
329:
323:
306:
299:
232:Johannes Ciconia
30:
27:
2465:
2464:
2460:
2459:
2458:
2456:
2455:
2454:
2420:
2419:
2418:
2408:
2406:
2394:
2390:Classical music
2384:
2382:
2372:
2370:
2362:
2360:
2355:
2354:
2331:
2312:
2264:
2233:
2170:
2120:Gregorian chant
2039:
2025:Walter Odington
1985:Guido of Arezzo
1964:
1921:Johannes Alanus
1901:
1877:Jacob Senleches
1813:
1772:
1706:
1660:
1625:
1588:
1581:
1514:
1479:
1340:
1269:Guiraut Riquier
1248:Comtessa de Dia
1233:Bertran de Born
1201:
1185:
1179:Petrus de Cruce
1177:
1122:
1086:Notker Physicus
1077:
1047:
1039:
1004:
981:
976:
946:
941:
940:
926:
918:
902:
869:
857:Chantilly Codex
844:
835:
811:Jacob Senleches
747:
726:
719:
669:
644:
642:Further reading
639:
613:
554:
547:
545:
543:
474:
465:
460:
459:
455:, p. 253..
451:
447:
439:
435:
427:
423:
415:
411:
403:
399:
391:
387:
379:
375:
363:
359:
351:
347:
339:
332:
324:
320:
315:
310:
309:
300:
296:
291:
286:
240:
170:
103:Reinhard Strohm
71:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2463:
2453:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2417:
2416:
2404:
2392:
2380:
2357:
2356:
2353:
2352:
2342:
2324:
2323:
2322:
2318:
2317:
2314:
2313:
2311:
2310:
2309:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2278:
2272:
2270:
2266:
2265:
2263:
2262:
2257:
2255:Medieval metal
2252:
2247:
2241:
2239:
2235:
2234:
2232:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2195:
2194:
2189:
2178:
2176:
2172:
2171:
2169:
2168:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2140:
2139:
2129:
2128:
2127:
2125:Pope Gregory I
2117:
2112:
2111:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2074:
2073:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2047:
2045:
2041:
2040:
2038:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1995:Johannes Cotto
1992:
1987:
1982:
1976:
1974:
1970:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1963:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1936:
1935:
1926:John Dunstaple
1923:
1917:
1915:
1907:
1906:
1903:
1902:
1900:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1887:Johannes Susay
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1867:Gacian Reyneau
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1847:Martinus Fabri
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1811:
1806:
1800:
1798:
1782:
1781:
1778:
1777:
1774:
1773:
1771:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1729:
1724:
1718:
1716:
1715:3rd generation
1708:
1707:
1705:
1704:
1699:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1672:
1670:
1669:2nd generation
1662:
1661:
1659:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1637:
1635:
1634:1st generation
1627:
1626:
1624:
1623:
1617:
1615:
1608:
1594:
1593:
1590:
1589:
1587:
1579:
1577:Jehan Vaillant
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1547:Denis Le Grant
1544:
1539:
1537:
1522:
1516:
1515:
1513:
1512:
1511:
1510:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1484:
1481:
1480:
1478:
1477:
1476:
1475:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1453:Moniot d'Arras
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1433:Guiot de Dijon
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1354:
1352:
1342:
1341:
1339:
1338:
1337:
1336:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
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661:. p. 42.
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394:
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382:
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46:ars subtilior
42:
38:
34:
23:
19:
2325:
2291:Architecture
2163:
2115:Geisslerlied
2093:Formes fixes
2015:Notker Labeo
1980:Anonymous IV
1955:Leonel Power
1940:Thomas Fabri
1930:
1836:
1793:
1614:Predecessors
1532:
1438:Jehan Bretel
1274:Jaufre Rudel
1140:
1049:Odo of Cluny
920:
912:
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884:
864:Modena Codex
862:
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721:
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546:. Retrieved
518:
503:
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479:
448:
436:
424:
419:, foldout 1.
412:
400:
388:
376:
371:, p. 45
364:
360:
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321:
297:
276:
271:13 (Monaco:
268:
265:
257:12 (Monaco:
254:
251:
243:
241:
206:
189:
173:
171:
134:chaplaincies
129:
126:Thomas Fabri
117:
107:
95:Thomas Fabri
88:
51:chaplaincies
44:
43:composer of
36:
32:
21:
20:
18:
2402:Middle Ages
2281:Middle Ages
2276:Early music
2238:Derivations
2071:Chansonnier
1443:Jehan Erart
1388:Colin Muset
1294:Peire Vidal
1142:Ars antiqua
896:Early music
588:: 195â201.
441:Schmid 1985
429:Strohm 1992
381:Strohm 1992
369:Strohm 1992
353:Strohm 1992
341:Strohm 1992
150:papal court
29: 1400
2424:Categories
2306:Philosophy
2301:Literature
2269:Background
2175:Traditions
1542:F. Andrieu
1398:Gace Brulé
1238:Castelloza
1204:Trobairitz
1199:Troubadour
1091:St. Godric
523:. Oxford:
405:Stone 2005
303:Nosow 2001
284:References
246:editions:
2378:Biography
2219:Lithuania
2083:Conductus
1973:Theorists
1945:Roy Henry
1872:Rodericus
1763:Sant Omer
1498:Minnesang
883:(Italian
806:Rodericus
731:Composers
559:required)
514:"Egardus"
489:181941551
313:Citations
180:with the
138:Diksmuide
110:succentor
83:succentor
59:Diksmuide
2340:Category
2245:Bardcore
2224:Portugal
2192:Scotland
2165:Planctus
2149:Madrigal
2088:Estampie
2051:Antiphon
1606:Trecento
1534:Ars nova
1493:Goliards
1350:TrouvĂšre
1324:Sordello
1304:Perdigon
1279:Marcabru
936:Category
914:Ars nova
885:ars nova
874:See also
633:28246073
594:41119818
573:(pt. 2).
548:15 April
223:Cividale
41:Medieval
33:Engardus
2364:Portals
2209:Germany
2187:England
2159:Organum
2137:Tydorel
2108:Virelai
2103:Rondeau
2098:Ballade
2066:Chanson
1842:Egidius
1837:Egardus
1557:Grimace
1488:Casella
1166:PĂ©rotin
1041:Hucbald
1028:Tuotilo
849:Sources
776:Egidius
771:Egardus
675:at the
463:Sources
213:and at
186:Utrecht
154:Bologna
91:Flemish
85:in 1370
63:Glorias
31:; also
22:Egardus
2350:Portal
2296:Poetry
2204:France
2199:Cyprus
1914:Others
1897:Trebor
1882:Solage
1804:Borlet
1299:Peirol
1202:&
1161:LĂ©onin
831:Trebor
816:Solage
738:Borlet
631:
609:
592:
569:. IV.
539:
487:
203:Warsaw
178:Gloria
142:Paduan
122:Bruges
55:Bruges
2414:Music
2229:Spain
2214:Italy
2154:Motet
2078:Chant
2061:Carol
2056:Canso
590:JSTOR
502:[
475:(PDF)
289:Notes
219:Udine
195:abbey
182:trope
168:Music
162:papal
158:Mod A
120:) in
629:OCLC
607:ISBN
550:2007
537:ISBN
485:OCLC
207:olim
190:olim
57:and
2286:Art
2132:Lai
529:doi
234:).
197:of
152:of
136:in
112:of
53:in
35:or
26:fl.
2426::
910:â
586:38
535:.
527:.
517:.
477:.
333:^
279:).
2366::
2330:â
1817:*
1734:*
1698:*
1585:*
1250:*
1206:*
1181:*
1119:?
1113:?
1081:*
1051:*
1043:*
971:e
964:t
957:v
925:â
887:)
751:*
714:e
707:t
700:v
635:.
615:.
596:.
571:V
552:.
531::
491:.
443:.
431:.
407:.
116:(
24:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
