835:
819:
1551:
3046:
1642:
3056:
27:
124:
836:
820:
654:
The style spread into northern Spain and as far as Cyprus (which was a French cultural outpost at the time). French, Flemish, Spanish and
Italian composers used the style.
578:, and have as their subject matter love, war, chivalry, and stories from classical antiquity. There are even some songs written in praise of public figures (for example
562:
are highly refined, complex, and difficult to sing, and probably were produced, sung, and enjoyed by a small audience of specialists and connoisseurs. Musicologist
1226:
Josephson, Nora S. (2003â2008). "Many Roads Lead to Rome: Multifarious
Stylistic Tendencies and Their Musical Interrelationships within the "Ars Subtilior"".
1307:
The
Grammar of Fourteenth Century Melody: Tonal Organization and Compositional Process in the Chansons of Guillaume de Machaut and the Ars Subtilior
476:
651:
had developed into an active cultural center, and produced the most significant surviving body of secular song of the late fourteenth century.
1356:
1347:
1228:
1073:
1002:
528:, which applies to the musical style of the preceding period from about 1310 to about 1370; though some scholars prefer to consider
1679:
1345:
Smith, F. Joseph. 1964. "Ars Nova: A Re-Definition? (Observations in the Light of
Speculum Musicae I by Jacques de LiĂšge" Part 1.
2217:
1422:
1156:
The Motets of the
Manuscripts Chantilly, Musée condé, 564 (olim 1047) and Modena, Biblioteca estense, a. M. 5, 24 (olim lat. 568)
2709:
1319:
Plumley, Yolanda M. 1999. "Citation and
Allusion in the Late Ars Nova: The Case of 'Esperance' and the 'En attendant' songs".
570:, saying, "not until the twentieth century did music again reach the most subtle refinements and rhythmic complexities of the
3093:
1339:
1204:
1178:
1155:
91:
1709:
469:
174:
63:
2551:
2043:
1485:
912:
709:
640:
1097:, edited by Thomas Street Christensen, 628â56. The Cambridge History of Music. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1390:
1314:
1279:
1271:
1257:
1219:
1131:
1116:
1102:
1042:
1027:
994:
110:
70:
2933:
1302:
Plumley, Yolanda M. 1991. "Style and
Structure in the Late 14th-Century Chanson". Ph.D. diss., University of Exeter.
3912:
3907:
2918:
2891:
1704:
1382:
1196:
1183:
1160:
636:, to composers moving to a style "post modum subtiliorem comparantes" and developing an "artem magis subtiliter".)
182:
1191:
3902:
2913:
462:
2923:
2172:
1011:
2229:
1837:
1719:
77:
48:
44:
647:(1378â1417), the time during which the Western Church had a pope both in Rome and in Avignon. The town on the
2038:
610:
Albright contrasts this motivation with "expressive urgency" and "obedience to rules of craft" and, indeed, "
3887:
3152:
2157:
2072:
1672:
591:
59:
3917:
1415:
3897:
3839:
3036:
2901:
1699:
1631:
571:
300:
170:
1363:
Smith, F. Joseph. 1983. "Jacques de LiĂšge's
Criticism of the Notational Innovations of the Ars nova".
3086:
2896:
2571:
2566:
2212:
1505:
1500:
776:
771:
3251:
3219:
520:, and also in northern Spain at the end of the fourteenth century. The style also is found in the
3349:
3049:
2197:
2127:
1665:
147:
37:
2908:
1166:
GĂŒnther, Ursula. 1991. "Die Ars subtilior". Hamburger
Jahrbuch fĂŒr Musikwissenschaft 11: 277â88.
964:
3892:
3615:
3246:
3117:
3059:
2938:
2744:
2400:
2087:
1645:
1408:
1780:
3722:
3645:
3524:
3000:
2315:
2167:
2023:
2018:
1880:
1590:
701:
600:
movement's "autonomous delight in extending the kingdom of sound." He cites Baude
Cordier's
253:
178:
2462:
2092:
1000:
Apel, Willi. 1973. "The Development of French Secular Music During the Fourteenth Century".
3743:
3707:
3692:
3229:
3137:
3079:
2812:
2807:
2714:
2531:
2518:
2467:
2436:
2385:
2276:
2122:
1937:
1922:
1865:
1815:
1775:
1732:
1465:
1452:
717:
633:
594:'s "emphasis on generating music through technical experiment" to the precedent set by the
579:
380:
375:
325:
295:
280:
207:
84:
2182:
1952:
1252:. 2 vols. Göttinger musikwissenschaftliche Arbeiten 12. Kassel and New York: BÀrenreiter.
8:
3209:
3015:
3010:
2858:
2641:
2431:
2330:
2261:
2137:
2132:
2077:
1993:
1963:
1820:
1810:
1765:
1727:
1179:
Cypriot-French Repertory (15th c.) of the Manuscript Torino, Biblioteca Nazionale, J.II.9
1009:
GĂŒnther, Ursula. 1960. "Die Anwendung der Diminution in der Handschrift Chantilly 1047".
682:
417:
290:
202:
3585:
3256:
2102:
1744:
1331:
3822:
3727:
3610:
3551:
3334:
3194:
2969:
2959:
2928:
2739:
2719:
2561:
2457:
2405:
2365:
2350:
2266:
2117:
2028:
1800:
1495:
1237:
1139:
1082:
1379:
Noting Music, Making Culture: The Intellectual Context of Rhythmic Notation, 1250â1400
3864:
3849:
3687:
3486:
3471:
3429:
3409:
3359:
3189:
3127:
3055:
2841:
2729:
2699:
2659:
2606:
2541:
2452:
2447:
2395:
2355:
2292:
2271:
2177:
2162:
2112:
1973:
1932:
1860:
1770:
1623:
1540:
1475:
1386:
1335:
1310:
1275:
1267:
1253:
1215:
1200:
1127:
1126:
Music Literature Outlines Series I. Bloomington, Indiana. Frangipani Press, 1986.
1112:
1098:
1023:
990:
908:
725:
713:
705:
521:
449:
402:
330:
320:
315:
224:
617:
3859:
3768:
3712:
3563:
3558:
3541:
3534:
3529:
3449:
3164:
2853:
2601:
2524:
2477:
2441:
2411:
2390:
2082:
2067:
1826:
1535:
1458:
1309:. Outstanding Dissertations in Music from British Universities. New York: Garland.
1195:, facsimile edition with commentary. Musicological Studies and Documents 19. Rome:
791:
759:
732:
509:
412:
335:
310:
3717:
3504:
3266:
3005:
2829:
2734:
2694:
2630:
2586:
1978:
1957:
1942:
1888:
1795:
1566:
1520:
1071:(1973). "The Development of French Secular Music during the Fourteenth Century".
805:
721:
677:
601:
587:
541:
517:
397:
285:
3844:
3829:
3802:
3797:
3702:
3697:
3625:
3590:
3379:
3374:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3132:
2964:
2834:
2824:
2704:
2635:
2596:
2576:
2556:
2286:
2256:
2142:
1998:
1968:
1688:
1600:
1530:
1510:
1490:
1330:
facsimile edition with commentary. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols (distributed by
1250:
Pythagoreisch-platonische Proportionen in Werken der ars nova und ars subtilior
1146:
GĂŒnther, Ursula. 1964. "Zur Biographie einiger Komponisten der Ars Subtilior".
754:
644:
563:
392:
340:
155:
946:
648:
3881:
3817:
3773:
3753:
3630:
3580:
3568:
3414:
3389:
3296:
3261:
3234:
3224:
3184:
2770:
2669:
2536:
2360:
2281:
1927:
1805:
1788:
1550:
1470:
1292:
1038:
741:
673:
575:
501:
132:
3667:
2107:
1285:
Newes, Virginia Ervin. 1977. "Imitation in the Ars Nova and Ars Subtilior".
668:
occasionally were themselves in unusual and expressive shapes, as a form of
3682:
3459:
3354:
3344:
3142:
2995:
2802:
2765:
2724:
2689:
2664:
2649:
2147:
1983:
1758:
1573:
1370:
Stone, Anne. 1996. "Che cosa c'Ăš di piĂč sottile riguardo l'ars subtilior?"
1264:
Antiquity and the Middle Ages: From Ancient Greece to the Fifteenth Century
1068:
545:
407:
370:
360:
1192:
Cypriot Plainchant of the Manuscript Torino, Biblioteca Nazionale J. II. 9
1057:
Apel, Willi. 1950. "French Secular Music of the Late Fourteenth Century".
700:(those from whom at least three compositions in this style are known) are
639:
One of the centers of activity of the style was Avignon at the end of the
3834:
3600:
3573:
3404:
3291:
3276:
3204:
3199:
3174:
3122:
3102:
2990:
2985:
2780:
2152:
2097:
2003:
1851:
1605:
1214:, ed. Stanley Sadie. 20 vol. London, Macmillan Publishers Ltd., 1980.
1111:, ed. Stanley Sadie. 20 vol. London, Macmillan Publishers Ltd., 1980.
1093:
Berger, Anna Maria Busse. 2002. "The Evolution of Rhythmic Notation". In
583:
218:
3169:
3071:
2059:
1266:, edited by James McKinnon, 218â40. Man & Music. London: Macmillan.
1262:
Leech-Wilkinson, Daniel. 1990. "Ars AntiquaâArs NovaâArs Subtilior". In
1241:
1086:
236:
3854:
3792:
3635:
3481:
3476:
3444:
2581:
2251:
1947:
1913:
1908:
1515:
1169:
Hentschel, Frank. 2001. "Der Streit um die Ars Nova: Nur ein Scherz?"
231:
1875:
1287:
Revue belge de musicologie/Belgisch tijdschrift voor muziekwetenschap.
305:
3787:
3620:
3605:
3546:
3519:
3466:
3454:
3364:
3339:
3301:
2792:
2654:
2472:
2207:
669:
365:
241:
1870:
26:
3807:
3782:
3763:
3677:
3672:
3640:
3509:
3384:
3286:
3239:
3214:
2954:
2874:
2797:
2760:
2243:
2033:
2013:
1988:
525:
433:
247:
3595:
3369:
3271:
3179:
3157:
2868:
2846:
2817:
2775:
2546:
2202:
1750:
1737:
1657:
1480:
801:
513:
427:
385:
212:
1400:
3812:
3758:
3399:
3394:
3281:
3147:
2591:
2513:
2008:
1525:
1447:
781:
505:
123:
2863:
2787:
1354:
Smith, F. Joseph. 1965. "Ars Nova: A Re-Definition?" Part 2.
1328:
Codex Chantilly: BibliothĂšque du ChĂąteau de Chantilly Ms. 564
607:(All by compass am I composed), notated on a circular staff.
497:
422:
3748:
3419:
676:'s circular canon and the heart-shaped score shown above,
548:(Mod A M 5.24), and the Turin Manuscript (Torino J.II.9).
135:, is in a heart shape, with red notes indicating rhythmic
1381:. Musicological Studies and Documents 46. Holzgerlingen:
907:(3rd ed.). United States: W. W. Norton and Company.
534:
a subcategory of the earlier style. Primary sources for
620:
in 1960 to avoid the negative connotations of the terms
1062:
1182:, 4 vols. Corpus Mensurabilis Musicae 21. Rome :
728:. Other composers associated with the style include:
524:repertory. Often the term is used in contrast with
51:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
628:. (GĂŒnther's coinage was based on references in
3879:
1137:GĂŒnther, Ursula. 1963. "Das Ende der Ars Nova".
1212:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
1109:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
1035:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
136:
1225:
3087:
1673:
1416:
1159:. Corpus Mensurabilis Musicae 39. Neuhausen:
1095:The Cambridge History of Western Music Theory
965:"Fumeux fume par fumee (Solage) - ChoralWiki"
657:
470:
987:Modernism and Music: An Anthology of Sources
2323:
893:GĂŒnther 1960, summarized in Josephson 2001.
695:
663:
611:
595:
557:
535:
529:
490:
3094:
3080:
1680:
1666:
1423:
1409:
1033:Josephson, Nors S. 2001. "Ars Subtilior".
1022:. New York, W.W. Norton & Co., 1978.
902:
477:
463:
3101:
1326:Plumley, Yolanda, and Anne Stone. 2008.
111:Learn how and when to remove this message
1124:Music in the Middle Ages and Renaissance
862:
860:
122:
2314:
2218:List of Galician-Portuguese troubadours
869:
551:
3880:
1210:Josephson, Nora S. "Ars subtilior" in
3075:
1661:
1404:
1365:The Journal of Musicological Research
857:
574:style." They are almost exclusively
16:Musical style of the late middle ages
1122:Gleason, Harold, and Warren Becker,
1067:
689:
49:adding citations to reliable sources
20:
2044:Other troubadours and trobairitz...
686:is written in the shape of a harp.
13:
1687:
1049:
641:Babylonian Captivity of the Papacy
556:Musically, the productions of the
14:
3929:
1430:
3054:
3045:
3044:
1641:
1640:
1549:
1383:American Institute of Musicology
1332:Old Manuscripts & Incunabula
1295:. 1966. "Ars Nova e stil novo".
1197:American Institute of Musicology
1184:American Institute of Musicology
1161:American Institute of Musicology
905:Concise History of Western Music
25:
1372:Rivista Italiana di Musicologia
1297:Rivista Italiana di Musicologia
1176:Hoppin, Richard H. 1960â1963.
1045:. London: Macmillan Publishers.
989:. University of Chicago Press.
512:complexity, centered on Paris,
36:needs additional citations for
1107:Fallows, David. "Ars nova" in
957:
939:
930:
921:
896:
887:
878:
1:
2039:William IX, Duke of Aquitaine
903:Burkholder, J. Peter (2006).
850:
630:Tractatus de diversis figuris
616:" was coined by musicologist
582:). Daniel Albright compares
1171:Archiv fĂŒr Musikwissenschaft
1148:Archiv fĂŒr Musikwissenschaft
1059:Mediaeval Academy of America
1037:, second edition, edited by
1012:Archiv fĂŒr Musikwissenschaft
662:Manuscripts of works in the
7:
1710:List of musical instruments
811:
800:Anonymous composers at the
10:
3934:
3840:Situationist International
1305:Plumley, Yolanda M. 1996.
1163:. Unaltered reprint, 1998.
979:
694:The main composers of the
658:Notational characteristics
3736:
3658:
3497:
3437:
3428:
3310:
3110:
3026:
2978:
2947:
2884:
2753:
2682:
2623:
2572:Matheus de Sancto Johanne
2567:Johannes Symonis Hasprois
2502:
2498:
2424:
2378:
2343:
2310:
2241:
2237:
2228:
2213:Galician-Portuguese lyric
2158:Jehan le Cuvelier d'Arras
2073:Andrieu Contredit d'Arras
2058:
1907:
1849:
1845:
1836:
1718:
1695:
1616:
1583:
1558:
1547:
1506:Matheus de Sancto Johanne
1501:Johannes Symonis Hasprois
1440:
1189:Hoppin, Richard H. 1968.
1018:Hoppin, Richard H. 1978.
777:Matheus de Sancto Johanne
772:Johannes Symonis Hasprois
566:suggests the superlative
2602:Antonio Zacara da Teramo
1536:Antonio Zacara da Teramo
985:Albright, Daniel. 2004.
792:Antonio Zacara da Teramo
500:for 'subtler art') is a
3913:Spanish styles of music
3908:Italian styles of music
3350:Experimental literature
2128:Gillebert de Berneville
1705:List of music theorists
1153:GĂŒnther, Ursula. 1965.
3903:French styles of music
3616:Second Viennese School
3247:Neue Slowenische Kunst
3118:Abstract expressionism
2401:Gherardello da Firenze
2088:Le Chastelain de Couci
1881:Philippe le Chancelier
1248:Köhler, Laurie. 1990.
947:"Ars Magis Subtiliter"
718:Philipoctus de Caserta
696:
664:
612:
596:
558:
536:
530:
491:
140:
127:A chanson about love,
3723:Theatre of the Absurd
3646:Twelve-tone technique
3525:Electroacoustic music
2710:Johannes de Garlandia
2024:Raimbaut de Vaqueiras
1637:Also music theorist*
1591:Music of the Trecento
1385:and HĂ€nssler-Verlag.
840:Fumeux fume par fumee
786:Fumeux fume par fumée
702:Anthonello de Caserta
196:Movements and schools
126:
3708:Postdramatic theatre
3693:Experimental theatre
3230:Multidimensional art
3031:Also music theorist*
2715:Johannes de Grocheio
2532:Conradus de Pistoria
2519:Philippus de Caserta
2468:Philippus de Caserta
2437:Antonello da Caserta
2386:Andreas de Florentia
2277:Guillaume de Machaut
1938:Bernart de Ventadorn
1923:Aimeric de Peguilhan
1866:Albertus Parisiensis
1816:Adam of Saint Victor
1776:Saint Martial school
1733:Notker the Stammerer
1466:Conradus de Pistoria
1453:Philippus de Caserta
1377:Tanay, Dorit. 1999.
866:Hoppin 1978, 472â73.
748:(Rondeau-canon) and
634:Philippus de Caserta
580:Antipope Clement VII
552:Overview and history
45:improve this article
3888:Composition schools
3210:Lyrical Abstraction
2642:Contenance angloise
2432:Bartolino da Padova
2331:Marchetto da Padova
2262:Magister Franciscus
2138:Guillaume le Vinier
2133:Gontier de Soignies
2078:Audefroi le Bastart
1964:Folquet de Marselha
1821:Wulfstan the Cantor
1811:Hildegard of Bingen
1781:Adémar de Chabannes
1766:Fulbert of Chartres
1728:Abbey of Saint Gall
1720:Early (before 1150)
1321:Early Music History
683:La Harpe de melodie
450:Renaissance music â
3918:History of Avignon
3823:Postmodernist film
3728:Theatre of Cruelty
3611:Rock in Opposition
3552:Free improvisation
3195:Post-Impressionism
3128:Art & Language
2970:Neo-Medieval music
2960:Medieval folk rock
2740:Berno of Reichenau
2720:Iacobus de Ispania
2562:Petrus de Goscalch
2463:NiccolĂČ da Perugia
2458:Grazioso da Padova
2406:Lorenzo da Firenze
2366:Vincenzo da Rimini
2351:Giovanni da Cascia
2183:Other trouvĂšres...
2168:Perrin d'Angicourt
2118:Gautier de Dargies
2093:Chrétien de Troyes
2029:Raimon de Miravalh
2019:Raimbaut d'Aurenga
1496:Petrus de Goscalch
1140:Die Musikforschung
875:Albright 2004, 10.
141:
129:Belle, bonne, sage
3898:Renaissance music
3875:
3874:
3865:Russian symbolism
3850:Socialist realism
3688:Experimental film
3654:
3653:
3360:Hungry generation
3335:Conceptual poetry
3190:Neo-Impressionism
3069:
3068:
3037:Renaissance music
2745:Aurelian of RĂ©ĂŽme
2730:Johannes de Muris
2700:Franco of Cologne
2678:
2677:
2660:Arnold de Lantins
2619:
2618:
2615:
2614:
2542:Johannes Cuvelier
2494:
2493:
2490:
2489:
2486:
2485:
2453:Giovanni Mazzuoli
2448:Matteo da Perugia
2420:
2419:
2396:Francesco Landini
2374:
2373:
2356:Jacopo da Bologna
2339:
2338:
2306:
2305:
2302:
2301:
2293:Philippe de Vitry
2272:Jehan de Lescurel
2193:
2192:
2178:Raoul de Soissons
2123:Gautier d'Espinal
2113:Gautier de Coincy
2054:
2053:
1974:Giraut de Bornelh
1953:CerverĂ de Girona
1933:Arnaut de Mareuil
1903:
1902:
1899:
1898:
1861:Notre-Dame school
1771:Heriger of Lobbes
1700:List of composers
1655:
1654:
1632:Renaissance music
1476:Johannes Cuvelier
1357:Musica Disciplina
1348:Musica Disciplina
1340:978-2-503-52776-5
1229:Musica Disciplina
1205:978-1-59551-256-7
1074:Musica Disciplina
1003:Musica Disciplina
714:Matteo da Perugia
706:Johannes Cuvelier
690:List of composers
626:mannered notation
622:manneristic style
504:characterized by
487:
486:
225:Notre-Dame school
121:
120:
113:
95:
3925:
3769:Russian Futurism
3713:Remodernist film
3631:Stochastic music
3586:Musique concrĂšte
3564:Microtonal music
3542:Experimental pop
3535:Industrial music
3530:Electronic music
3435:
3434:
3257:Nouveau réalisme
3165:Grosvenor School
3096:
3089:
3082:
3073:
3072:
3058:
3048:
3047:
2854:Liturgical drama
2621:
2620:
2528:
2525:Johannes Ciconia
2500:
2499:
2496:
2495:
2478:Zacara da Teramo
2442:Johannes Ciconia
2422:
2421:
2412:Paolo da Firenze
2391:Donato da Cascia
2376:
2375:
2341:
2340:
2321:
2320:
2312:
2311:
2308:
2307:
2296:
2239:
2238:
2235:
2234:
2230:Late (1300â1400)
2173:Philippe de RĂ©mi
2103:Conon de BĂ©thune
2083:Blondel de Nesle
2068:Adam de la Halle
2056:
2055:
1994:Peire d'Alvernha
1905:
1904:
1892:
1847:
1846:
1843:
1842:
1838:High (1150â1300)
1827:Wipo of Burgundy
1792:
1762:
1754:
1745:Stephen of LiĂšge
1682:
1675:
1668:
1659:
1658:
1644:
1643:
1553:
1462:
1459:Johannes Ciconia
1425:
1418:
1411:
1402:
1401:
1245:
1090:
973:
972:
961:
955:
954:
951:www.medieval.org
943:
937:
934:
928:
925:
919:
918:
900:
894:
891:
885:
882:
876:
873:
867:
864:
846:
845:
844:
842:
830:
829:
828:
826:
796:Sumite karissime
764:Guido de Lange,
760:Paolo da Firenze
750:Belle bonne sage
733:Johannes Ciconia
699:
667:
632:, attributed to
615:
599:
568:ars subtilissima
561:
539:
533:
494:
479:
472:
465:
413:Liturgical drama
311:Adam de la Halle
143:
142:
116:
109:
105:
102:
96:
94:
53:
29:
21:
3933:
3932:
3928:
3927:
3926:
3924:
3923:
3922:
3878:
3877:
3876:
3871:
3732:
3718:Structural film
3660:
3650:
3505:Aleatoric music
3493:
3424:
3312:
3306:
3267:Performance art
3106:
3100:
3070:
3065:
3064:
3041:
3022:
2974:
2943:
2880:
2830:Gregorian chant
2749:
2735:Walter Odington
2695:Guido of Arezzo
2674:
2631:Johannes Alanus
2611:
2587:Jacob Senleches
2523:
2482:
2416:
2370:
2335:
2298:
2291:
2224:
2189:
2050:
1979:Guiraut Riquier
1958:Comtessa de Dia
1943:Bertran de Born
1911:
1895:
1889:Petrus de Cruce
1887:
1832:
1796:Notker Physicus
1787:
1757:
1749:
1714:
1691:
1686:
1656:
1651:
1650:
1636:
1628:
1612:
1579:
1567:Chantilly Codex
1554:
1545:
1521:Jacob Senleches
1457:
1436:
1429:
1398:
1396:
1395:
1052:
1050:Further reading
982:
977:
976:
963:
962:
958:
945:
944:
940:
935:
931:
927:Josephson 2001.
926:
922:
915:
901:
897:
892:
888:
883:
879:
874:
870:
865:
858:
853:
837:
834:
833:
821:
818:
817:
814:
806:Janus of Cyprus
746:Tout par compas
737:Sus un fontayne
722:Jacob Senleches
692:
678:Jacob Senleches
660:
643:and during the
605:Tout par compas
602:perpetual canon
588:modernist music
554:
542:Chantilly Codex
518:southern France
483:
441:
440:
439:
398:Gregorian chant
355:
347:
346:
345:
275:
267:
266:
265:
197:
187:
186:
117:
106:
100:
97:
60:"Ars subtilior"
54:
52:
42:
30:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3931:
3921:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3873:
3872:
3870:
3869:
3868:
3867:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3845:Social realism
3842:
3837:
3832:
3830:Late modernism
3827:
3826:
3825:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3803:Neo-minimalism
3800:
3798:Postminimalism
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3779:
3778:
3777:
3776:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3744:Constructivism
3740:
3738:
3734:
3733:
3731:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3703:Poetic realism
3700:
3698:Modernist film
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3664:
3662:
3656:
3655:
3652:
3651:
3649:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3636:Textural music
3633:
3628:
3626:Spectral music
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3591:New Complexity
3588:
3583:
3578:
3577:
3576:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3555:
3554:
3544:
3539:
3538:
3537:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3501:
3499:
3495:
3494:
3492:
3491:
3490:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3469:
3464:
3463:
3462:
3457:
3447:
3441:
3439:
3432:
3426:
3425:
3423:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3380:Neoavanguardia
3377:
3375:Language poets
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3330:Asemic writing
3327:
3325:Angry Penguins
3322:
3316:
3314:
3308:
3307:
3305:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3243:
3242:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3161:
3160:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3138:Constructivism
3135:
3133:Conceptual art
3130:
3125:
3120:
3114:
3112:
3108:
3107:
3099:
3098:
3091:
3084:
3076:
3067:
3066:
3063:
3062:
3052:
3034:
3033:
3032:
3028:
3027:
3024:
3023:
3021:
3020:
3019:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2988:
2982:
2980:
2976:
2975:
2973:
2972:
2967:
2965:Medieval metal
2962:
2957:
2951:
2949:
2945:
2944:
2942:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2905:
2904:
2899:
2888:
2886:
2882:
2881:
2879:
2878:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2850:
2849:
2839:
2838:
2837:
2835:Pope Gregory I
2827:
2822:
2821:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2784:
2783:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2757:
2755:
2751:
2750:
2748:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2705:Johannes Cotto
2702:
2697:
2692:
2686:
2684:
2680:
2679:
2676:
2675:
2673:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2646:
2645:
2636:John Dunstaple
2633:
2627:
2625:
2617:
2616:
2613:
2612:
2610:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2597:Johannes Susay
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2577:Gacian Reyneau
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2557:Martinus Fabri
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2521:
2516:
2510:
2508:
2492:
2491:
2488:
2487:
2484:
2483:
2481:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2439:
2434:
2428:
2426:
2425:3rd generation
2418:
2417:
2415:
2414:
2409:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2382:
2380:
2379:2nd generation
2372:
2371:
2369:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2347:
2345:
2344:1st generation
2337:
2336:
2334:
2333:
2327:
2325:
2318:
2304:
2303:
2300:
2299:
2297:
2289:
2287:Jehan Vaillant
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2257:Denis Le Grant
2254:
2249:
2247:
2232:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2222:
2221:
2220:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2194:
2191:
2190:
2188:
2187:
2186:
2185:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2163:Moniot d'Arras
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2143:Guiot de Dijon
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2064:
2062:
2052:
2051:
2049:
2048:
2047:
2046:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1999:Peire Cardenal
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1969:Gaucelm Faidit
1966:
1961:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1919:
1917:
1901:
1900:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1893:
1885:
1884:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1857:
1855:
1840:
1834:
1833:
1831:
1830:
1824:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1785:
1784:
1783:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1755:
1747:
1742:
1741:
1740:
1735:
1724:
1722:
1716:
1715:
1713:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1696:
1693:
1692:
1689:Medieval music
1685:
1684:
1677:
1670:
1662:
1653:
1652:
1649:
1648:
1629:
1619:
1618:
1617:
1614:
1613:
1611:
1610:
1609:
1608:
1601:Medieval music
1598:
1587:
1585:
1581:
1580:
1578:
1577:
1570:
1562:
1560:
1556:
1555:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1531:Johannes Susay
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1511:Gacian Reyneau
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1491:Martinus Fabri
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1455:
1450:
1444:
1442:
1438:
1437:
1428:
1427:
1420:
1413:
1405:
1394:
1393:
1375:
1368:
1361:
1352:
1343:
1324:
1317:
1303:
1300:
1293:Pirrotta, Nino
1290:
1283:
1260:
1246:
1223:
1208:
1187:
1174:
1167:
1164:
1151:
1144:
1135:
1120:
1105:
1091:
1065:
1054:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1047:
1046:
1031:
1020:Medieval Music
1016:
1007:
998:
981:
978:
975:
974:
956:
938:
936:Apel 1973, 55.
929:
920:
914:978-0393928952
913:
895:
886:
877:
868:
855:
854:
852:
849:
848:
847:
831:
813:
810:
809:
808:
804:court of King
798:
789:
779:
774:
769:
762:
757:
755:Martinus Fabri
752:
739:
691:
688:
659:
656:
618:Ursula GĂŒnther
564:Richard Hoppin
553:
550:
522:French Cypriot
485:
484:
482:
481:
474:
467:
459:
456:
455:
454:
453:
443:
442:
438:
437:
430:
425:
420:
415:
410:
405:
400:
395:
390:
389:
388:
383:
378:
368:
363:
357:
356:
353:
352:
349:
348:
344:
343:
338:
333:
328:
323:
318:
313:
308:
303:
298:
293:
288:
283:
277:
276:
273:
272:
269:
268:
264:
263:
256:
251:
244:
239:
234:
229:
228:
227:
215:
210:
205:
199:
198:
195:
194:
191:
190:
189:
188:
169:
164:
163:
159:
158:
156:Medieval music
152:
151:
119:
118:
33:
31:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3930:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3893:Ars subtilior
3891:
3889:
3886:
3885:
3883:
3866:
3863:
3862:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3824:
3821:
3820:
3819:
3818:Postmodernism
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3775:
3774:Cubo-Futurism
3772:
3771:
3770:
3767:
3766:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3754:Expressionism
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3741:
3739:
3735:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3665:
3663:
3657:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3581:Music theatre
3579:
3575:
3572:
3571:
3570:
3569:Minimal music
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3553:
3550:
3549:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3536:
3533:
3532:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3515:Ars subtilior
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3502:
3500:
3496:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3474:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3452:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3442:
3440:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3427:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3415:Visual poetry
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3390:Nouveau roman
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3317:
3315:
3309:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3297:Temporary art
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3252:Nonconformism
3250:
3248:
3245:
3241:
3238:
3237:
3236:
3235:Neoplasticism
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3225:Mir iskusstva
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3185:Impressionism
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3159:
3156:
3155:
3154:
3153:Functionalism
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3115:
3113:
3109:
3104:
3097:
3092:
3090:
3085:
3083:
3078:
3077:
3074:
3061:
3057:
3053:
3051:
3043:
3042:
3039:
3038:
3030:
3029:
3025:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2983:
2981:
2977:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2952:
2950:
2946:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2894:
2893:
2892:British Isles
2890:
2889:
2887:
2883:
2877:
2876:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2848:
2845:
2844:
2843:
2840:
2836:
2833:
2832:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2805:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2782:
2779:
2778:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2758:
2756:
2754:Musical forms
2752:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2687:
2685:
2681:
2671:
2670:W. de Wycombe
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2644:
2643:
2639:
2638:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2628:
2626:
2622:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2537:Baude Cordier
2535:
2533:
2530:
2526:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2511:
2509:
2507:
2506:
2505:Ars subtilior
2501:
2497:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2429:
2427:
2423:
2413:
2410:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2383:
2381:
2377:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2361:Maestro Piero
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2348:
2346:
2342:
2332:
2329:
2328:
2326:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2313:
2309:
2294:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2282:P. des Molins
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2246:
2245:
2240:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2227:
2219:
2216:
2215:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2195:
2184:
2181:
2180:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2065:
2063:
2061:
2057:
2045:
2042:
2041:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1928:Arnaut Daniel
1926:
1924:
1921:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1910:
1906:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1862:
1859:
1858:
1856:
1854:
1853:
1848:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1835:
1828:
1825:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1806:Peter Abelard
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1790:
1789:Odo of Arezzo
1786:
1782:
1779:
1778:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1730:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1723:
1721:
1717:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1697:
1694:
1690:
1683:
1678:
1676:
1671:
1669:
1664:
1663:
1660:
1647:
1639:
1638:
1634:
1633:
1627:
1626:
1625:
1615:
1607:
1604:
1603:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1592:
1589:
1588:
1586:
1582:
1576:
1575:
1571:
1569:
1568:
1564:
1563:
1561:
1557:
1552:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1471:Baude Cordier
1469:
1467:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1445:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1434:
1433:Ars subtilior
1426:
1421:
1419:
1414:
1412:
1407:
1406:
1403:
1399:
1392:
1391:3-7751-3195-7
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1373:
1369:
1366:
1362:
1359:
1358:
1353:
1350:
1349:
1344:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1322:
1318:
1316:
1315:0-8153-2065-5
1312:
1308:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1294:
1291:
1288:
1284:
1281:
1280:0-333-53004-7
1277:
1273:
1272:0-333-51040-2
1269:
1265:
1261:
1259:
1258:3-7618-1014-8
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1230:
1224:
1221:
1220:1-56159-174-2
1217:
1213:
1209:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1193:
1188:
1185:
1181:
1180:
1175:
1172:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1158:
1157:
1152:
1149:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1136:
1133:
1132:0-89917-034-X
1129:
1125:
1121:
1118:
1117:1-56159-174-2
1114:
1110:
1106:
1104:
1103:0-521-62371-5
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1075:
1070:
1066:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1055:
1044:
1040:
1039:Stanley Sadie
1036:
1032:
1029:
1028:0-393-09090-6
1025:
1021:
1017:
1014:
1013:
1008:
1005:
1004:
999:
996:
995:0-226-01267-0
992:
988:
984:
983:
970:
969:www0.cpdl.org
966:
960:
952:
948:
942:
933:
924:
916:
910:
906:
899:
890:
884:GĂŒnther 1960.
881:
872:
863:
861:
856:
843:
841:
832:
827:
825:
816:
815:
807:
803:
799:
797:
793:
790:
787:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
767:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
747:
743:
742:Baude Cordier
740:
738:
734:
731:
730:
729:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
698:
697:ars subtilior
687:
685:
684:
679:
675:
674:Baude Cordier
672:. As well as
671:
666:
665:ars subtilior
655:
652:
650:
646:
642:
637:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
614:
613:ars subtilior
608:
606:
603:
598:
597:ars subtilior
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
576:secular songs
573:
569:
565:
560:
559:ars subtilior
549:
547:
543:
538:
537:ars subtilior
532:
531:ars subtilior
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
502:musical style
499:
495:
493:
492:Ars subtilior
480:
475:
473:
468:
466:
461:
460:
458:
457:
452:
451:
447:
446:
445:
444:
436:
435:
431:
429:
426:
424:
421:
419:
416:
414:
411:
409:
406:
404:
401:
399:
396:
394:
391:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
373:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
359:
358:
351:
350:
342:
339:
337:
334:
332:
329:
327:
324:
322:
319:
317:
314:
312:
309:
307:
304:
302:
299:
297:
294:
292:
289:
287:
284:
282:
279:
278:
274:Major figures
271:
270:
262:
261:
260:Ars subtilior
257:
255:
252:
250:
249:
245:
243:
240:
238:
235:
233:
230:
226:
223:
222:
221:
220:
216:
214:
211:
209:
208:Saint Martial
206:
204:
201:
200:
193:
192:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
167:
166:
165:
161:
160:
157:
154:
153:
149:
145:
144:
138:
134:
133:Baude Cordier
130:
125:
115:
112:
104:
93:
90:
86:
83:
79:
76:
72:
69:
65:
62: â
61:
57:
56:Find sources:
50:
46:
40:
39:
34:This article
32:
28:
23:
22:
19:
3683:Epic theatre
3520:Atonal music
3514:
3355:Flarf poetry
3345:Ego-Futurism
3143:Proto-Cubism
3035:
3001:Architecture
2873:
2825:Geisslerlied
2803:Formes fixes
2725:Notker Labeo
2690:Anonymous IV
2665:Leonel Power
2650:Thomas Fabri
2640:
2504:
2503:
2324:Predecessors
2242:
2148:Jehan Bretel
1984:Jaufre Rudel
1850:
1759:Odo of Cluny
1630:
1622:
1621:
1594:
1574:Modena Codex
1572:
1565:
1432:
1431:
1397:
1378:
1371:
1364:
1355:
1346:
1327:
1320:
1306:
1296:
1286:
1263:
1249:
1233:
1227:
1211:
1190:
1177:
1170:
1154:
1147:
1138:
1123:
1108:
1094:
1078:
1072:
1058:
1043:John Tyrrell
1034:
1019:
1010:
1001:
986:
968:
959:
950:
941:
932:
923:
904:
898:
889:
880:
871:
839:
824:Fuions de ci
823:
795:
785:
765:
749:
745:
736:
693:
681:
661:
653:
645:Great Schism
638:
629:
625:
621:
609:
604:
592:20th century
567:
555:
546:Modena Codex
489:
488:
448:
432:
393:Geisslerlied
371:Formes fixes
259:
258:
246:
217:
177: /
173: /
128:
107:
98:
88:
81:
74:
67:
55:
43:Please help
38:verification
35:
18:
3835:Primitivism
3661:and theatre
3601:Noise music
3574:Drone music
3405:Slam poetry
3292:Suprematism
3277:Process art
3205:Incoherents
3200:Color Field
3175:Divisionism
3123:Art Nouveau
3103:Avant-garde
2991:Middle Ages
2986:Early music
2948:Derivations
2781:Chansonnier
2153:Jehan Erart
2098:Colin Muset
2004:Peire Vidal
1852:Ars antiqua
1606:Early music
1323:18:287â363.
1143:16:105â120.
1063:text online
822:Senleches:
584:avant-garde
572:manneristic
354:Major forms
219:Ars antiqua
175:Instruments
137:alterations
3882:Categories
3855:Surrealism
3793:Minimalism
3668:Cinéma pur
3313:and poetry
3311:Literature
3220:Minimalism
3111:Visual art
3016:Philosophy
3011:Literature
2979:Background
2885:Traditions
2252:F. Andrieu
2108:Gace Brulé
1948:Castelloza
1914:Trobairitz
1909:Troubadour
1801:St. Godric
1367:4: 267â313
1173:58:110â30.
1150:21:172â99.
1069:Arlt, Wulf
851:References
766:Dieux gart
712:, Galiot,
510:notational
232:Troubadour
203:Saint Gall
101:April 2008
71:newspapers
3860:Symbolism
3788:Modernism
3621:Serialism
3606:Post-rock
3547:Free jazz
3455:Free funk
3410:UltraĂsmo
3365:Imaginism
3340:Cyberpunk
3302:Vorticism
3105:movements
2929:Lithuania
2793:Conductus
2683:Theorists
2655:Roy Henry
2582:Rodericus
2473:Sant Omer
2208:Minnesang
1593:(Italian
1516:Rodericus
1441:Composers
1360:19:83â97.
1351:18:19â35.
1289:31:38â59.
1236:: 71â97.
1081:: 41â59.
1006:27:41â59.
788:(Rondeau)
768:(Rondeau)
670:eye music
366:Conductus
341:Dunstaple
291:Hildegard
242:Minnesang
183:Theorists
171:Composers
3808:Neo-Dada
3783:Lettrism
3764:Futurism
3678:Drop Art
3673:Dogme 95
3641:Totalism
3559:Futurism
3510:Ars nova
3438:By style
3385:Neoteric
3287:Rayonism
3240:De Stijl
3215:Mail art
3170:DevÄtsil
3050:Category
2955:Bardcore
2934:Portugal
2902:Scotland
2875:Planctus
2859:Madrigal
2798:Estampie
2761:Antiphon
2316:Trecento
2244:Ars nova
2203:Goliards
2060:TrouvĂšre
2034:Sordello
2014:Perdigon
1989:Marcabru
1646:Category
1624:Ars nova
1595:ars nova
1584:See also
1374:31:3â31.
1274:(cased)
1242:30249358
1087:20532157
1015:17:1â21.
838:Solage:
812:Examples
540:are the
526:ars nova
506:rhythmic
434:Planctus
418:Madrigal
254:Trecento
248:Ars nova
237:TrouvĂšre
162:Overview
148:a series
146:Part of
3737:General
3596:No wave
3370:Imagism
3320:Acmeism
3272:Pop art
3262:Orphism
3180:Fauvism
3158:Bauhaus
2919:Germany
2897:England
2869:Organum
2847:Tydorel
2818:Virelai
2813:Rondeau
2808:Ballade
2776:Chanson
2552:Egidius
2547:Egardus
2267:Grimace
2198:Casella
1876:PĂ©rotin
1751:Hucbald
1738:Tuotilo
1559:Sources
1486:Egidius
1481:Egardus
980:Sources
802:Nicosia
710:Egidius
590:of the
514:Avignon
428:Organum
386:Virelai
381:Rondeau
376:Ballade
336:Ciconia
331:Landini
326:Machaut
306:PĂ©rotin
301:Walther
296:Bernart
213:Goliard
85:scholar
3813:Neoism
3759:Fluxus
3659:Cinema
3498:Others
3400:Oulipo
3395:Oberiu
3282:Purism
3148:Cubism
3060:Portal
3006:Poetry
2914:France
2909:Cyprus
2624:Others
2607:Trebor
2592:Solage
2514:Borlet
2009:Peirol
1912:&
1871:LĂ©onin
1541:Trebor
1526:Solage
1448:Borlet
1389:
1338:
1313:
1299:1:3â19
1278:
1270:
1256:
1240:
1218:
1203:
1130:
1115:
1101:
1085:
1026:
993:
911:
782:Solage
726:Trebor
724:, and
544:, the
316:Franco
281:Notker
179:Theory
87:
80:
73:
66:
58:
3487:Metal
3430:Music
2939:Spain
2924:Italy
2864:Motet
2788:Chant
2771:Carol
2766:Canso
1282:(pbk)
1238:JSTOR
1083:JSTOR
649:RhĂŽne
498:Latin
423:Motet
408:Lauda
361:Canso
321:Vitry
286:Guido
131:, by
92:JSTOR
78:books
3749:Dada
3482:Punk
3477:Prog
3472:Rock
3460:Yass
3450:Jazz
3445:Funk
3420:Zaum
1387:ISBN
1336:ISBN
1311:ISBN
1276:ISBN
1268:ISBN
1254:ISBN
1216:ISBN
1201:ISBN
1128:ISBN
1113:ISBN
1099:ISBN
1041:and
1024:ISBN
991:ISBN
909:ISBN
624:and
586:and
508:and
64:news
3467:Pop
2996:Art
2842:Lai
1334:).
680:'s
516:in
403:Lai
47:by
3884::
1620:â
1234:53
1232:.
1199:.
1079:27
1077:.
1061:.
967:.
949:.
859:^
794:,
784:,
744:,
735:,
720:,
716:,
708:,
704:,
150:on
3095:e
3088:t
3081:v
3040:â
2527:*
2444:*
2408:*
2295:*
1960:*
1916:*
1891:*
1829:?
1823:?
1791:*
1761:*
1753:*
1681:e
1674:t
1667:v
1635:â
1597:)
1461:*
1424:e
1417:t
1410:v
1342:.
1244:.
1222:.
1207:.
1186:.
1134:.
1119:.
1089:.
1030:.
997:.
971:.
953:.
917:.
496:(
478:e
471:t
464:v
185:)
181:(
139:.
114:)
108:(
103:)
99:(
89:·
82:·
75:·
68:·
41:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
