35:
236:
19:
27:
318:, a local leader at that time, even travelled to the isle of Sri Lanka where he was ordained as a priest and was given a peerage. Stone inscriptions of that time mention such ecclesiastical titles as
2094:
2142:
631:), except the appointment of the supreme patriarch which has been amended in January 2017 to solely be at the monarch's pleasure in line with the previous tradition.
967:
831:
703:
899:
1802:
1035:
882:
865:
525:
984:
950:
933:
1018:
916:
1001:
276:
190:
379:
2169:
289:
2104:
1974:
1846:
1725:
1619:
1589:
1563:
1480:
1450:
1424:
1341:
1311:
1285:
1202:
1052:
822:
717:
666:
572:
539:
510:
496:
481:
467:
421:
407:
393:
358:
332:
302:
210:
152:
126:
100:
59:
1575:): 135 posts available for MahÄ NikÄya and 54 for Dhammayuttika NikÄya, being 189 in total. Members of this class have the honorific
1436:): 56 posts available for MahÄ NikÄya and 30 for Dhammayuttika NikÄya, being 86 in total. Members of this class have the honorific
1297:): 30 posts available for MahÄ NikÄya and 15 for Dhammayuttika NikÄya, being 45 in total. Members of this class have the honorific
247:. The reason given is: The Sangha Council can no longer choose its own members per 2018 law, which may also affect peerage.
2220:
1693:
There are 477 posts available in the ordinary class, with 348 for MahÄ NikÄya and 129 for
Dhammayuttika NikÄya.
639:
At present, the ranks and titles given to members of the Thai sangha are as follows (from highest to lowest):
182:. In addition to an ecclesiastical peerage, a monk may also be known by a layname (name as a layperson) and a
2242:
1119:
763:
653:
648:
585:
678:) is the highest rank in the Thai sangha. A supreme patriarch who is a member of the royal family is called
195:
2150:
71:; literally "ecclesiastical dignity") have traditionally been given to ordained members of the Thai
2180:
2119:
616:
2189:
2210:
619:
to nominate monks to the monarch to be appointed to peerages. This is upheld in the present
1169:
783:
596:
76:
584:). It is also believed that senior monks had been appointed by the monarch of Ayuthaya as
8:
1910:
1111:
771:
698:
249:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
374:
39:
2216:
441:
271:
2212:
Buddhism, Legitimation, and
Conflict: The Political Functions of Urban Thai Buddhism
2206:
1087:) is the third highest rank in the Thai sangha, divided into two classes: special (
592:
34:
38:
A monk parades his letter of appointment and fan of rank throughout the town of
377:
of
Sukhothai, the Buddhist community of Sukhothai was divided into two sects:
2236:
1942:
1920:
1902:
1887:
1865:
1837:
1821:
1807:
1701:
1580:
1554:
1441:
1415:
1302:
1276:
1177:
1157:
1130:
1096:
1088:
1080:
798:
755:
734:
708:
683:
657:
624:
604:
563:
530:
501:
472:
457:
449:
433:; literally "village dwellers"). The patriarchs of both sects held the title
412:
384:
349:
323:
293:
281:
201:
171:
143:
117:
91:
50:
18:
22:
Ecclesiastical peers holding their letters of appointment and fans of rank.
1165:
779:
558:
270:
and is believed to have been practiced in
Thailand since the time of the
183:
848:
315:
1894:) is the lowest rank in the Thai sangha, divided into three classes:
1832:
267:
26:
80:
1851:
1594:
1568:
1455:
1429:
1316:
1290:
1172:
sect, being 20 in total. Members of this class have the honorific
722:
671:
577:
544:
515:
486:
426:
398:
363:
337:
307:
215:
157:
131:
105:
64:
30:
Letters of appointment and a fan of rank for ecclesiastical peers.
266:
The custom of giving peerages to
Buddhist priests originated in
2215:. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. p. 17.
612:
72:
1931:
in the number specified in the letter of appointment of each
448:
sect was again divided into two subsects: the northern sect (
2120:"Ecclesiastic Titles (Samaáđasatti): Advantages and Problems"
697:
At present, all the supreme patriarchs are appointed by the
599:, the same custom was practiced until the enactment of the
762:) is the second highest rank in the Thai sangha after the
1797:
in the ordinary class are also divided into four groups:
274:, during which the Sri Lanka's sect of Buddhism known as
1137:) is often used colloquially for monks with the rank of
1949:): appointed by the Thai sangha in an unlimited number.
1118:
group of the ordinary class who are appointed by the
2141:
Ferguson, John P.; Ramitanondh, Shalardchai (1976).
2140:
464:). The patriarchs of the northern sect were styled
2099:[Fans of rank and ecclesiastical titles].
288:) was prevalent in the region and it appears that
690:), whilst one who is a commoner is merely called
609:āļāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļāļāļąāļāļāļąāļāļīāļĨāļąāļāļĐāļāļāļāļāļĢāļāļāļāļāļ°āļŠāļāļāđ āļĢāļąāļāļāđāļāļŠāļīāļāļāļĢāļĻāļ āđāđāđ
2234:
2117:
2124:The Chulalongkorn Journal of Buddhist Studies
522:) and those of the southern sect were styled
164:) is the title of a monk holding the rank of
588:in charge of the entire monastic community.
2171:āļāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļāļāļąāļāļāļąāļāļīāļāļāļ°āļŠāļāļāđ (āļāļāļąāļāļāļĩāđ āđ) āļ.āļĻ. āđāđāđāđ
2143:"Monks and Hierarchy in Northern Thailand"
1696:Members of this class have the honorific
744:
2174:[Sangha Act (No. 3), 2560 B.E.]
1953:Holders of this rank have the honorific
33:
25:
17:
2205:
2235:
1708:) prefixed to their titles, such as:
2188:(2a). 6 January 2017. Archived from
2089:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2079:
2077:
2075:
2073:
1601:) prefixed to their titles, such as:
1462:) prefixed to their titles, such as:
1323:) prefixed to their titles, such as:
1184:) prefixed to their titles, such as:
642:
229:
179:
166:
2071:
2069:
2067:
2065:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2055:
2053:
1957:prefixed to their titles, such as:
634:
405:; literally "forest dwellers") and
189:Holders of certain ranks are given
13:
1144:
1069:
601:Sangha Administration Statute 1902
14:
2254:
2118:Ngamchitharoen, Watchara (2014).
1688:
793:, each prefixed by the honorific
782:sect and the other four from the
86:Each ecclesiastical peer holds a
2199:
2162:
2134:
2111:
2050:
1149:There are four special classes:
551:), whilst the patriarchs of the
234:
1998:Phra Khru PaÃąÃąÄ Vuáļáļhi Sundara
1927:): appointed by special-class
1164:): 13 posts available for the
629:āļāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļāļāļąāļāļāļąāļāļīāļāļāļ°āļŠāļāļāđ āļ.āļĻ. āđāđāđāđ
591:In the subsequent kingdoms of
1:
2043:
729:), prefixed by the honorific
649:Supreme Patriarch of Thailand
2101:Thai Encyclopaedia for Youth
2013:Phra Khru Pavara Dharmakicca
1959:
1876:
1710:
1673:Phra RÄja VisuddhiprajÄnÄtha
1604:
1465:
1326:
1187:
807:
774:and there can only be eight
7:
2151:Journal of the Siam Society
2006:Phra Khru Panya Wut Sunthon
1852:
1595:
1569:
1456:
1430:
1395:Phra Dharma Visuddhimaáđgala
1317:
1291:
723:
680:somdet phra sangkharat chao
672:
578:
545:
516:
487:
427:
399:
364:
338:
308:
216:
158:
132:
106:
65:
10:
2259:
1403:Phra Tham Wisutthimongkhon
646:
225:
2103:(in Thai). Archived from
2028:Phra Khru Vimala GuáđÄkara
2021:Phra Khru Bowon Thammakit
1965:
1962:
1946:
1924:
1906:
1891:
1869:
1841:
1825:
1811:
1716:
1713:
1705:
1610:
1607:
1584:
1558:
1471:
1468:
1445:
1419:
1332:
1329:
1306:
1280:
1193:
1190:
1181:
1161:
1134:
1100:
1092:
1084:
813:
810:
802:
759:
738:
712:
687:
661:
628:
608:
567:
534:
505:
476:
461:
456:) and the southern sect (
453:
416:
388:
373:During the reign of King
353:
327:
297:
285:
243:This section needs to be
205:
175:
147:
121:
95:
54:
2170:
2095:
2036:Phra Khru Wimon Khunakon
1681:Phra Rat Wisut Prachanat
1628:Phra RÄja BhÄvanavikrama
1913:in an unlimited number.
1365:Phra Dharma RÄjÄnuvatra
1211:Phra Brahma GuáđÄbharaáđa
977:Maharatchamangkhalachan
75:, the community of the
47:Ecclesiastical peerages
1779:Phra SiddhikÄra KoÅala
1677:āļāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļāļ§āļīāļŠāļļāļāļāļīāļāļĢāļ°āļāļēāļāļēāļ
1658:Phra RÄja SumÄdhÄcÄrya
1643:Phra RÄja DharmanidÄÅa
1636:Phra Rat Phawanawikrom
1542:Phra Thep Witthayakhom
1512:Phra Thep Yanamongkhon
1114:, except those in the
909:Phutthapaphotchanabodi
791:somdet phra rachakhana
776:somdet phra rachakhana
768:somdet phra rachakhana
752:Somdet phra rachakhana
746:Somdet phra rachakhana
692:somdet phra sangkharat
674:somdet phra sangkharat
617:Sangha Supreme Council
615:, which established a
43:
31:
23:
2002:āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļđāļāļąāļāļāļēāļ§āļļāļāļīāļŠāļļāļāļāļĢ
1772:Phra Mongkhon Sunthon
1749:Phra ÃÄáđavisÄla ThÄra
1651:Phra Rat Thammanithet
1519:Phra DÄba SiddhÄcÄrya
1504:Phra DÄba ÃÄáđamaáđgala
1380:Phra Dharma ÅÄŦlÄcÄrya
1350:Phra Dharma KoÅÄcÄrya
1110:are appointed by the
770:are appointed by the
547:Phra Phutthakhosachan
140:Phra Dharma KoÅÄcÄrya
37:
29:
21:
2243:Buddhism in Thailand
1991:Phra Khru Yanasakhon
1983:Phra Khru ÃÄáđasÄgara
1909:): appointed by the
1787:Phra Sitthikan Koson
1764:Phra Maáđgala Sundara
1757:Phra Yanawisan Thera
1666:Phra Rat Sumethachan
1527:Phra Thep Sitthachan
1373:Phra Tham Rachanuwat
1264:Phra Suthammathibodi
1256:Phra SudharmÄdhipatÄŦ
1219:Phra Phrom Khunaphon
1170:Dhammayuttika NikÄya
968:MahÄrajamaáđgalÄcÄrya
784:Dhammayuttika NikÄya
688:āļŠāļĄāđāļāđāļāļāļĢāļ°āļŠāļąāļāļāļĢāļēāļāđāļāđāļē
314:), a nephew of King
2195:on 10 January 2017.
1911:monarch of Thailand
1534:Phra DÄba VidyÄgama
1497:Phra Thep Khunathan
1489:Phra DÄba GuáđÄdhÄra
1399:āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļ§āļīāļŠāļļāļāļāļīāļĄāļāļāļĨ
1168:sect and 7 for the
1112:monarch of Thailand
841:Ariyawongsakhatayan
805:), are as follows:
772:monarch of Thailand
725:Ariyawongsakhatayan
699:monarch of Thailand
1662:āļāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļāļŠāļļāđāļĄāļāļēāļāļēāļĢāļĒāđ
1388:Phra Tham Silachan
1369:āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļĢāļēāļāļēāļāļļāļ§āļąāļāļĢ
1358:Phra Tham Kosachan
1249:Phra Satsanasophon
1241:Phra ÅÄsanasobhaáđa
973:āļĄāļŦāļēāļĢāļąāļāļĄāļąāļāļāļĨāļēāļāļēāļĢāļĒāđ
900:BuddhapÄbacanapatÄŦ
832:AriyavaáđÅÄgataÃąÄáđa
704:AriyavaáđÅÄgataÃąÄáđa
586:supreme patriarchs
375:Mahathammaracha II
160:Phra Tham Kosachan
44:
32:
24:
2207:Jackson, Peter A.
2096:āļāļąāļāļĒāļĻāđāļĨāļ°āļŠāļĄāļāļĻāļąāļāļāļīāđ
2041:
2040:
2032:āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļđāļ§āļīāļĄāļĨāļāļļāļāļēāļāļĢ
2017:āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļđāļāļ§āļĢāļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļāļīāļ
1850:
1792:
1791:
1686:
1685:
1632:āļāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļāļ āļēāļ§āļāļēāļ§āļīāļāļĢāļĄ
1593:
1567:
1547:
1546:
1523:āļāļĢāļ°āđāļāļāļŠāļīāļāļāļēāļāļēāļĢāļĒāđ
1454:
1428:
1408:
1407:
1384:āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļĻāļĩāļĨāļēāļāļēāļĢāļĒāđ
1354:āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļĢāļĄāđāļāļĻāļēāļāļēāļĢāļĒāđ
1315:
1289:
1269:
1268:
1120:supreme patriarch
1067:
1066:
892:Phutthachinnawong
764:supreme patriarch
721:
670:
654:Supreme patriarch
643:Supreme patriarch
576:
555:sect were styled
543:
514:
485:
442:Ayutthaya Kingdom
425:
397:
362:
336:
306:
272:Sukhothai Kingdom
264:
263:
214:
156:
130:
104:
63:
2250:
2227:
2226:
2203:
2197:
2196:
2194:
2177:
2166:
2160:
2159:
2147:
2138:
2132:
2131:
2115:
2109:
2108:
2107:on 6 March 2017.
2091:
1960:
1948:
1926:
1908:
1893:
1871:
1857:
1845:
1843:
1827:
1813:
1783:āļāļĢāļ°āļŠāļīāļāļāļīāļāļēāļĢāđāļāļĻāļĨ
1742:Phra Chunlanayok
1734:Phra CullanÄyaka
1711:
1707:
1647:āļāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļāļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļāļīāđāļāļĻ
1605:
1600:
1588:
1586:
1574:
1562:
1560:
1466:
1461:
1449:
1447:
1435:
1423:
1421:
1327:
1322:
1310:
1308:
1296:
1284:
1282:
1260:āļāļĢāļ°āļŠāļļāļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļēāļāļīāļāļāļĩ
1226:Phra Brahma MunÄŦ
1215:āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļŦāļĄāļāļļāļāļēāļ āļĢāļāđ
1188:
1183:
1163:
1136:
1102:
1095:) and ordinary (
1094:
1086:
875:Phutthakhosachan
866:BuddhaghoáđĢÄcÄrya
808:
804:
778:: four from the
761:
760:āļŠāļĄāđāļāđāļāļāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļāļēāļāļāļ°
740:
728:
716:
714:
689:
677:
665:
663:
662:āļŠāļĄāđāļāđāļāļāļĢāļ°āļŠāļąāļāļāļĢāļēāļ
635:Ranks and titles
630:
610:
583:
580:Phra Phutthachan
571:
569:
550:
538:
536:
535:āļāļĢāļ°āļāļļāļāļāđāļāļĐāļēāļāļēāļĢāļĒāđ
526:BuddhaghoáđĢÄcÄrya
521:
509:
507:
492:
480:
478:
463:
455:
432:
420:
418:
404:
392:
390:
369:
357:
355:
343:
331:
329:
313:
301:
299:
287:
259:
256:
250:
238:
237:
230:
221:
209:
207:
199:
177:
163:
151:
149:
148:āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļĢāļĄāđāļāļĻāļēāļāļēāļĢāļĒāđ
138:). For example,
137:
125:
123:
111:
99:
97:
70:
58:
56:
2258:
2257:
2253:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2248:
2247:
2233:
2232:
2231:
2230:
2223:
2204:
2200:
2192:
2175:
2172:
2168:
2167:
2163:
2145:
2139:
2135:
2116:
2112:
2097:
2093:
2092:
2051:
2046:
1933:phra rachakhana
1929:phra rachakhana
1881:
1795:Phra rachakhana
1753:āļāļĢāļ°āļāļēāļāļ§āļīāļŠāļēāļĨāđāļāļĢ
1691:
1234:Phra Phrom Muni
1154:Chao khana rong
1147:
1145:Special classes
1139:phra rachakhana
1108:phra rachakhana
1077:Phra rachakhana
1074:
1071:Phra rachakhana
1045:Wachirayanawong
1036:VajiraÃąÄáđavaáđáđĨa
883:BuddhajinavaáđáđĨa
789:The titles for
749:
701:and are titled
651:
645:
637:
621:Sangha Act 1962
260:
254:
251:
248:
239:
235:
228:
193:
167:phra rachakhana
134:ratchathinnanam
12:
11:
5:
2256:
2246:
2245:
2229:
2228:
2221:
2198:
2161:
2133:
2110:
2048:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2039:
2038:
2033:
2030:
2024:
2023:
2018:
2015:
2009:
2008:
2003:
2000:
1994:
1993:
1988:
1987:āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļđāļāļēāļāļŠāļēāļāļĢ
1985:
1979:
1978:
1972:
1968:
1967:
1964:
1951:
1950:
1936:
1914:
1880:
1875:
1874:
1873:
1859:
1829:
1815:
1790:
1789:
1784:
1781:
1775:
1774:
1769:
1766:
1760:
1759:
1754:
1751:
1745:
1744:
1739:
1736:
1730:
1729:
1723:
1719:
1718:
1715:
1690:
1689:Ordinary class
1687:
1684:
1683:
1678:
1675:
1669:
1668:
1663:
1660:
1654:
1653:
1648:
1645:
1639:
1638:
1633:
1630:
1624:
1623:
1617:
1613:
1612:
1609:
1603:
1602:
1545:
1544:
1539:
1538:āļāļĢāļ°āđāļāļāļ§āļīāļāļĒāļēāļāļĄ
1536:
1530:
1529:
1524:
1521:
1515:
1514:
1509:
1508:āļāļĢāļ°āđāļāļāļāļēāļāļĄāļāļāļĨ
1506:
1500:
1499:
1494:
1493:āļāļĢāļ°āđāļāļāļāļļāļāļēāļāļēāļĢ
1491:
1485:
1484:
1478:
1474:
1473:
1470:
1464:
1463:
1406:
1405:
1400:
1397:
1391:
1390:
1385:
1382:
1376:
1375:
1370:
1367:
1361:
1360:
1355:
1352:
1346:
1345:
1339:
1335:
1334:
1331:
1325:
1324:
1267:
1266:
1261:
1258:
1252:
1251:
1246:
1243:
1237:
1236:
1231:
1228:
1222:
1221:
1216:
1213:
1207:
1206:
1200:
1196:
1195:
1192:
1186:
1185:
1146:
1143:
1073:
1068:
1065:
1064:
1059:
1056:
1048:
1047:
1042:
1039:
1031:
1030:
1025:
1022:
1014:
1013:
1008:
1005:
997:
996:
991:
988:
980:
979:
974:
971:
963:
962:
957:
954:
946:
945:
940:
937:
934:MahÄdhÄŦrÄcÄrya
929:
928:
923:
920:
912:
911:
906:
903:
895:
894:
889:
886:
878:
877:
872:
871:āļāļļāļāļāđāļāļĐāļēāļāļēāļĢāļĒāđ
869:
861:
860:
855:
852:
844:
843:
838:
837:āļāļĢāļīāļĒāļ§āļāļĻāļēāļāļāļāļēāļ
835:
827:
826:
820:
816:
815:
812:
766:. At present,
748:
743:
647:Main article:
644:
641:
636:
633:
518:Phra Phonnarat
262:
261:
242:
240:
233:
227:
224:
77:Buddhist monks
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2255:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2238:
2224:
2222:981-3035-21-8
2218:
2214:
2213:
2208:
2202:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2182:
2181:Royal Gazette
2173:
2165:
2158:(1): 104â150.
2157:
2153:
2152:
2144:
2137:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2114:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2090:
2088:
2086:
2084:
2082:
2080:
2078:
2076:
2074:
2072:
2070:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2062:
2060:
2058:
2056:
2054:
2049:
2037:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2007:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1995:
1992:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1980:
1976:
1973:
1970:
1969:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1944:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1930:
1922:
1918:
1915:
1912:
1904:
1900:
1897:
1896:
1895:
1889:
1885:
1879:
1867:
1863:
1860:
1856:
1855:
1848:
1839:
1835:
1834:
1830:
1823:
1820:-equivalent (
1819:
1816:
1809:
1805:
1804:
1800:
1799:
1798:
1796:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1776:
1773:
1770:
1768:āļāļĢāļ°āļĄāļāļāļĨāļŠāļļāļāļāļĢ
1767:
1765:
1762:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1731:
1727:
1724:
1721:
1720:
1712:
1709:
1703:
1699:
1694:
1682:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1670:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1625:
1621:
1618:
1615:
1614:
1606:
1599:
1598:
1591:
1582:
1578:
1573:
1572:
1565:
1556:
1552:
1549:
1548:
1543:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1516:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1501:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1486:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1475:
1467:
1460:
1459:
1452:
1443:
1439:
1434:
1433:
1426:
1417:
1413:
1410:
1409:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1377:
1374:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1347:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1336:
1328:
1321:
1320:
1313:
1304:
1300:
1295:
1294:
1287:
1278:
1274:
1271:
1270:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1220:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1208:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1197:
1189:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1159:
1155:
1152:
1151:
1150:
1142:
1140:
1132:
1128:
1123:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1104:
1098:
1090:
1082:
1078:
1072:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1054:
1050:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1037:
1033:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1020:
1019:ÃÄáđavarottama
1016:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1003:
999:
998:
995:
992:
989:
987:
986:
985:MahÄvÄŦravaáđáđĨa
982:
981:
978:
975:
972:
970:
969:
965:
964:
961:
958:
955:
953:
952:
951:MahÄmunÄŦvaáđáđĨa
948:
947:
944:
943:Mahathirachan
941:
939:āļĄāļŦāļēāļāļĩāļĢāļēāļāļēāļĢāļĒāđ
938:
936:
935:
931:
930:
927:
926:Thirayanamuni
924:
921:
919:
918:
917:DhÄŦraÃąÄáđamunÄŦ
914:
913:
910:
907:
905:āļāļļāļāļāļāļēāļāļāļāļāļāļĩ
904:
902:
901:
897:
896:
893:
890:
887:
885:
884:
880:
879:
876:
873:
870:
868:
867:
863:
862:
859:
856:
853:
851:
850:
846:
845:
842:
839:
836:
834:
833:
829:
828:
824:
821:
818:
817:
809:
806:
800:
796:
792:
787:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
757:
753:
747:
742:
736:
732:
727:
726:
719:
713:āļāļĢāļīāļĒāļ§āļāļĻāļēāļāļāļāļēāļ
710:
706:
705:
700:
695:
693:
685:
681:
676:
675:
668:
659:
655:
650:
640:
632:
626:
622:
618:
614:
606:
602:
598:
594:
589:
587:
582:
581:
574:
568:āļāļĢāļ°āļāļļāļāļāļēāļāļēāļĢāļĒāđ
565:
561:
560:
554:
549:
548:
541:
532:
528:
527:
520:
519:
512:
503:
499:
498:
491:
490:
489:Phra Wannarat
483:
474:
470:
469:
459:
451:
447:
443:
438:
436:
431:
430:
423:
414:
410:
409:
403:
402:
395:
386:
382:
381:
376:
371:
368:
367:
360:
351:
347:
342:
341:
334:
325:
321:
317:
312:
311:
304:
295:
291:
283:
279:
278:
273:
269:
258:
246:
241:
232:
231:
223:
220:
219:
212:
203:
197:
192:
187:
185:
181:
173:
169:
168:
162:
161:
154:
145:
141:
136:
135:
128:
119:
115:
110:
109:
102:
93:
89:
84:
82:
78:
74:
69:
68:
61:
52:
48:
41:
36:
28:
20:
16:
2211:
2201:
2190:the original
2185:
2179:
2164:
2155:
2149:
2136:
2127:
2123:
2113:
2105:the original
2100:
2035:
2027:
2020:
2012:
2005:
1997:
1990:
1982:
1954:
1952:
1938:
1932:
1928:
1916:
1898:
1883:
1882:
1877:
1861:
1853:
1831:
1817:
1801:
1794:
1793:
1786:
1778:
1771:
1763:
1756:
1748:
1741:
1733:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1680:
1672:
1665:
1657:
1650:
1642:
1635:
1627:
1596:
1576:
1570:
1550:
1541:
1533:
1526:
1518:
1511:
1503:
1496:
1488:
1457:
1437:
1431:
1411:
1402:
1394:
1387:
1379:
1372:
1364:
1357:
1349:
1318:
1298:
1292:
1272:
1263:
1255:
1248:
1245:āļāļĢāļ°āļĻāļēāļŠāļāđāļŠāļ āļ
1240:
1233:
1230:āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļŦāļĄāļĄāļļāļāļĩ
1225:
1218:
1210:
1173:
1153:
1148:
1138:
1126:
1124:
1115:
1107:
1106:At present,
1105:
1076:
1075:
1070:
1061:
1051:
1044:
1041:āļ§āļāļīāļĢāļāļēāļāļ§āļāļĻāđ
1034:
1027:
1017:
1010:
1000:
994:Mahawirawong
993:
983:
976:
966:
960:Mahamuniwong
959:
956:āļĄāļŦāļēāļĄāļļāļāļĩāļ§āļāļĻāđ
949:
942:
932:
925:
915:
908:
898:
891:
888:āļāļļāļāļāļāļīāļāļ§āļāļĻāđ
881:
874:
864:
857:
847:
840:
830:
794:
790:
788:
775:
767:
751:
750:
745:
730:
724:
702:
696:
691:
679:
673:
652:
638:
620:
600:
597:Rattanakosin
590:
579:
556:
552:
546:
523:
517:
494:
488:
465:
445:
439:
434:
428:
406:
400:
378:
372:
365:
345:
339:
319:
309:
275:
265:
252:
244:
217:
191:fans of rank
188:
184:dharmic name
180:dharma class
165:
159:
139:
133:
113:
107:
87:
85:
66:
46:
45:
15:
2184:(in Thai).
1971:Vernacular
1917:Thananukrom
1826:āđāļāļĩāļĒāļāđāļāļĢāļĩāļĒāļ
1738:āļāļĢāļ°āļāļļāļĨāļāļēāļĒāļ
1722:Vernacular
1616:Vernacular
1477:Vernacular
1338:Vernacular
1299:Phra Dharma
1199:Vernacular
1166:MahÄ NikÄya
1028:Yanawarodom
1011:Yanasangwon
1002:ÃÄáđasaáđvara
990:āļĄāļŦāļēāļ§āļĩāļĢāļ§āļāļĻāđ
922:āļāļĩāļĢāļāļēāļāļĄāļļāļāļĩ
819:Vernacular
795:Somdet Phra
780:MahÄ NikÄya
731:Somdet Phra
559:BuddhÄcÄrya
477:āļāļĢāļ°āļ§āļąāļāļĢāļąāļāļāđ
290:SrÄŦ ÅraddhÄ
255:August 2019
194: [
2044:References
1977:romanised
1728:romanised
1622:romanised
1483:romanised
1344:romanised
1205:romanised
1162:āđāļāđāļēāļāļāļ°āļĢāļāļ
1125:The title
1085:āļāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļāļēāļāļāļ°
858:Phuthachan
854:āļāļļāļāļēāļāļēāļĢāļĒāđ
849:BuáļhÄcÄrya
825:romanised
611:) by King
553:araáđyavÄsÄŦ
506:āļāļĢāļ°āļāļāļĢāļąāļāļāđ
429:khammawasi
401:aranyawasi
380:araáđyavÄsÄŦ
366:Mahasawami
316:Pha Mueang
277:Laáđ
kÄvaáđÅa
176:āļāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļāļēāļāļāļ°
1955:Phra Khru
1925:āļāļēāļāļēāļāļļāļāļĢāļĄ
1907:āļŠāļąāļāļāļēāļāļąāļāļĢ
1884:Phra khru
1878:Phra khru
1862:Saman yok
1854:wipatsana
1833:VipassanÄ
1577:Phra RÄja
1458:Phra Thep
1438:Phra DÄba
1319:Phra Tham
1127:chao khun
1116:saman yok
1024:āļāļēāļāļ§āđāļĢāļāļĄ
1007:āļāļēāļāļŠāļąāļāļ§āļĢ
803:āļŠāļĄāđāļāđāļāļāļĢāļ°
739:āļŠāļĄāđāļāđāļāļāļĢāļ°
593:Thon Buri
497:Banaratna
468:Vanaratna
435:MahÄthÄra
346:MahÄsvÄmÄŦ
320:MahÄthÄra
310:Si Sattha
298:āļĻāļĢāļĩāļĻāļĢāļąāļāļāļē
286:āļĨāļąāļāļāļēāļ§āļāļĻāđ
268:Sri Lanka
178:) in the
122:āļĢāļēāļāļāļīāļāļāļēāļĄ
67:samanasak
55:āļŠāļĄāļāļĻāļąāļāļāļīāđ
40:Uttaradit
2237:Category
2209:(1989).
1966:In Thai
1939:Prathuan
1899:Sanyabat
1842:āļ§āļīāļāļąāļŠāļŠāļāļē
1717:In Thai
1611:In Thai
1597:Phra Rat
1472:In Thai
1333:In Thai
1194:In Thai
1062:Wannarat
1053:Vanarata
814:In Thai
446:gÄmavÄsÄŦ
408:gÄmavÄsÄŦ
389:āļāļĢāļąāļāļ§āļēāļŠāļĩ
354:āļĄāļŦāļēāļŠāļ§āļēāļĄāļĩ
340:Mahathen
218:phat yot
112:) and a
81:Thailand
2130:: 1â43.
1870:āļŠāļēāļĄāļąāļāļĒāļ
1849::
1592::
1566::
1453::
1427::
1314::
1307:āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļĢāļĄ
1288::
1135:āđāļāđāļēāļāļļāļ
1058:āļ§āļąāļāļĢāļąāļ
720::
669::
575::
542::
513::
484::
454:āļŦāļāđāļŦāļāļ·āļ
440:In the
424::
417:āļāļēāļĄāļ§āļēāļŠāļĩ
396::
361::
335::
305::
245:updated
226:History
213::
155::
129::
103::
62::
2219:
1963:Title
1947:āļāļĢāļ°āļāļ§āļ
1892:āļāļĢāļ°āļāļĢāļđ
1818:Parian
1812:āđāļāļĢāļĩāļĒāļ
1803:Parian
1714:Title
1608:Title
1585:āļāļĢāļ°āļĢāļēāļ
1469:Title
1446:āļāļĢāļ°āđāļāļ
1330:Title
1273:Dharma
1191:Title
811:Title
786:sect.
613:Rama V
444:, the
344:) and
328:āļĄāļŦāļēāđāļāļĢ
73:sangha
2193:(PDF)
2176:(PDF)
2146:(PDF)
1101:āļŠāļēāļĄāļąāļ
1093:āļāļīāđāļĻāļĐ
557:Phra
524:Phra
495:Phra
493:) or
466:Phra
462:āļŦāļāđāļāđ
206:āļāļąāļāļĒāļĻ
198:]
114:title
2217:ISBN
1975:RTGS
1943:Thai
1921:Thai
1903:Thai
1888:Thai
1866:Thai
1847:RTGS
1838:Thai
1822:Thai
1808:Thai
1726:RTGS
1702:Thai
1698:Phra
1620:RTGS
1590:RTGS
1581:Thai
1564:RTGS
1555:Thai
1551:RÄja
1481:RTGS
1451:RTGS
1442:Thai
1432:thep
1425:RTGS
1416:Thai
1412:DÄba
1342:RTGS
1312:RTGS
1303:Thai
1293:tham
1286:RTGS
1281:āļāļĢāļĢāļĄ
1277:Thai
1203:RTGS
1178:Thai
1174:Phra
1158:Thai
1131:Thai
1097:Thai
1089:Thai
1081:Thai
823:RTGS
799:Thai
756:Thai
735:Thai
718:RTGS
709:Thai
684:Thai
667:RTGS
658:Thai
625:Thai
605:Thai
595:and
573:RTGS
564:Thai
540:RTGS
531:Thai
511:RTGS
502:Thai
482:RTGS
473:Thai
458:Thai
450:Thai
422:RTGS
413:Thai
394:RTGS
385:Thai
359:RTGS
350:Thai
333:RTGS
324:Thai
303:RTGS
294:Thai
282:Thai
211:RTGS
202:Thai
172:Thai
153:RTGS
144:Thai
127:RTGS
118:Thai
101:RTGS
92:Thai
88:rank
60:RTGS
51:Thai
2186:134
1706:āļāļĢāļ°
1571:rat
1559:āļĢāļēāļ
1420:āđāļāļ
1182:āļāļĢāļ°
1103:).
741:).
370:).
222:).
108:yot
79:of
2239::
2178:.
2156:64
2154:.
2148:.
2126:.
2122:.
2052:^
1945::
1923::
1905::
1890::
1868::
1844:;
1840::
1824::
1810::
1704::
1587:;
1583::
1561:;
1557::
1448:;
1444::
1422:;
1418::
1309:;
1305::
1283:;
1279::
1180::
1160::
1141:.
1133::
1122:.
1099::
1091::
1083::
801::
758::
737::
715:;
711::
694:.
686::
664:;
660::
627::
607::
570:;
566::
537:;
533::
508:;
504::
479:;
475::
460::
452::
437:.
419:;
415::
391:;
387::
356:;
352::
330:;
326::
300:;
296::
284::
208:;
204::
196:th
186:.
174::
150:;
146::
124:;
120::
98:;
96:āļĒāļĻ
94::
83:.
57:;
53::
2225:.
2128:8
1941:(
1935:.
1919:(
1901:(
1886:(
1872:)
1864:(
1858:)
1836:(
1828:)
1814:)
1806:(
1700:(
1579:(
1553:(
1440:(
1414:(
1301:(
1275:(
1176:(
1156:(
1129:(
1079:(
797:(
754:(
733:(
707:(
682:(
656:(
623:(
603:(
562:(
529:(
500:(
471:(
411:(
383:(
348:(
322:(
292:(
280:(
257:)
253:(
200:(
170:(
142:(
116:(
90:(
49:(
42:.
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