2914:
331:
3288:
3524:
375:
32:
3002:"In some publications, the voiceless plosives are also defined as ejectives or glottalised. Glottalised plosives occur in various Armenian dialects and can also be found in the Eastern Armenian vernacular based on the Yerevan dialect, but according to normative grammars, SMEA shows no glottalised voiceless plosives." Jasmine Dum-Tragut.
2222:(position). Of the seven cases, the nominative and accusative, with exceptions, are the same, and the genitive and dative are the same, meaning that nouns have mostly five distinct forms for case. Nouns in Armenian also decline for number (singular and plural), but do not decline for gender (i.e. masculine or feminine).
2530:
Verbs in
Armenian are based on two basic series of forms, a "present" form and an "imperfect" form. From this, all other tenses and moods are formed with various particles and constructions. There is a third form, the preterite, which in Armenian is a tense in its own right, and takes no other
567:. Although the Eastern Armenian spoken by Armenians in Armenia and Iranian-Armenians are similar, there are pronunciation differences with different inflections. Armenians from Iran also have some words that are unique to them. Due to migrations of speakers from Armenia and Iran to the
1536:
and those in the diaspora that are from
Armenia. Eastern Armenian speakers in Iran continue to use the traditional orthography. Nevertheless, writings of either form are mutually intelligible, since the difference between the two orthographies is not large.
3197:(ԺԱՄԱՆԱԿԱԿԻՑ ՀԱՅՈՑ ԼԵԶՎԻ ԲԱՑԱՏՐԱԿԱՆ ԲԱՌԱՐԱՆ) published by the Armenian SSR Academy of Sciences between 1969 and 1980. In Eastern Armenian, reformed orthography (about 125,000 headwords).
587:
Eastern
Armenian is, for the most part, mutually intelligible by educated or literate users of Western Armenian – and vice versa. Conversely, semi-literate or illiterate users of
637:
494:
516:
1532:. The controversial reformed orthography was developed during the 1920s in Soviet Armenia and is in widespread use today by Eastern Armenian speakers in
3214:
3204:
3560:
487:
3346:
3110:
3244:
2455:
Like some other languages such as
English, Armenian has definite and indefinite articles. The indefinite article in Eastern Armenian is
1444:
1296:
480:
3688:
2480:, depending on whether the final sound is a vowel or a consonant, and whether a following word begins with a vowel or consonant:
1438:
three-way distinction in stops and affricates: one voiced, one voiceless and one aspirated. Compare this to the phonology of the
96:
3488:
68:
2363:
1507:
604:, day-to-day common language of Armenia. For example, commercial translations are generally completed in Eastern Armenian.
3287:
2131:
2121:
2103:
2075:
2057:
1401:
353:
335:
Map of the
Armenian dialects in early 20th century: -owm dialects, corresponding to Eastern Armenian, are shown in green.
75:
3553:
2951:
115:
49:
3191:(about 130,000 entries). Written in traditional Armenian orthography. One of the definitive Armenian dictionaries.
2312:
2261:
3683:
2113:
2095:
2085:
2067:
2049:
2034:
2024:
2006:
1978:
1960:
1937:
1927:
1909:
1881:
1863:
1525:
1198:
1106:
82:
3422:
3237:
2876:
1182:
790:
343:
3341:
3144:
730:
53:
3074:
have shifted the
Classical Armenian (ր) to . Dolatian, Hossep, Sharifzadeh, Afsheen & Vaux, Bert. 2023.
3678:
3546:
2967:
2350:
1529:
1460:
1254:
1147:
252:
64:
2016:
1998:
1988:
1970:
1952:
1919:
1901:
1891:
1873:
1855:
640:
has been approved. This has resulted in separate
Knowledge sites for Eastern Armenian and Western Armenian.
3698:
1238:
1190:
1098:
283:
270:
3092:
3088:
3050:
3046:
3029:
3025:
2834:
2829:
2810:
2801:
2796:
2790:
2779:
2770:
2765:
2759:
2748:
2739:
2734:
2728:
2717:
2708:
2703:
2697:
2686:
2677:
2672:
2666:
2655:
2646:
2641:
2635:
2624:
2615:
2593:
2580:
2571:
2519:
2514:
2500:
2495:
2488:
2483:
2477:
2473:
2466:
2462:
2456:
2445:
2418:
2400:
2385:
2376:
2367:
2354:
2334:
2325:
2316:
2303:
2283:
2274:
2265:
2252:
3673:
3389:
3384:
2856:
2536:
1220:
750:
702:
588:
230:
3693:
3527:
3230:
1307:
1212:
963:
952:
2299:
2248:
1455:
Some
Eastern Armenian words contain voiced stop letters pronounced as voiceless aspirated stops, like
2861:
1840:
1775:
1710:
1645:
1456:
1439:
1246:
1139:
817:
772:
3210:
3200:
3194:
2913:
636:
is predominantly composed of
Eastern Armenian content. As a result of the amendment to ISO 639-3, a
3472:
3432:
3358:
3184:
715:
522:
470:
3652:
3302:
2543:
1289:
1268:
1011:
1000:
977:
403:
195:
42:
3011:
615:. However, on 23 January 2018, a code specifically for Western Armenian was added to ISO 639-3:
3647:
1497:
897:
1810:
1745:
1635:
1625:
89:
1365:
1280:
863:
852:
545:
382:
3606:
3569:
1025:
3509:
8:
3464:
3267:
3188:
1168:
1065:
1057:
1040:
945:
929:
915:
904:
396:
1488:
3307:
3161:
3156:
2472:
The definite article is a suffix attached to the noun, and is one of two forms, either
1830:
1820:
1800:
1790:
1765:
1755:
1735:
1725:
1700:
1690:
1680:
1605:
812:
612:
410:
321:
3621:
3583:
3427:
3363:
3330:
3253:
3140:
3137:
Eastern
Armenian for the English-speaking World. A Contrastive Approach (with CD-ROM)
3067:
3007:
2947:
2881:
2846:
2294:
2215:
1389:
993:
839:
824:
739:
568:
560:
533:
511:
466:
455:
433:
386:
374:
226:
200:
156:
3091:
is written in a number of ways, depending on its context. In reformed orthography,
3049:
is written in one of four ways, depending on its context. In reformed orthography,
2822:
The present tense (as we know it in English) is made by adding the present tense of
1442:, which has kept only a two-way distinction: one voiced and one aspirated. (See the
349:
3631:
3626:
3493:
3437:
3410:
3353:
3028:
is written in one of two ways, depending on its context. In reformed orthography,
2984:
The choice of Armenian symbol depends on the vowel's context in the word. See the
2937:
807:
802:
572:
541:
451:
330:
3452:
3319:
3313:
3272:
3075:
2871:
2866:
2225:
Declension in Armenian is based on how the genitive is formed. There are several
2199:
2195:
2143:
1479:
1470:
1427:
Some of the dialects may release the voiceless stops and affricates as ejectives.
1353:
846:
834:
829:
684:
576:
537:
418:
187:
20:
2511:
Adjectives in Armenian do not decline for case or number, and precede the noun:
1670:
1660:
1615:
1595:
3611:
3379:
2851:
2532:
891:
219:
3667:
3442:
2901:
2345:
2243:
2219:
2211:
2203:
1325:
689:
672:
2928:
598:
is an unspecified "Armenian". In practice, however, Eastern Armenian is the
3447:
3277:
3132:
2942:
168:
19:
This article is about the Armenian dialect. For the historical region, see
3166:
616:
305:
2207:
877:
696:
667:
288:
275:
3207:(about 135,600 headwords). In Eastern Armenian and reformed orthography.
571:, the dialect is now very prominent in countries and regions where only
3538:
2906:
2426:
Second, notice that in Western Armenian, the plural forms followed the
2226:
789:
This is the Eastern Armenian Consonantal System using symbols from the
760:
677:
3217:(about 83,000 entries). In Eastern Armenian and reformed orthography.
2191:
793:(IPA), followed by the corresponding Armenian letter in parentheses.
724:
622:
608:
314:
298:
262:
244:
3222:
3118:(Thesis). Amsterdam, Netherlands: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
31:
3616:
2430:-declension, while in Eastern Armenian the plural forms follow the
600:
361:
3071:
1533:
595:
552:
357:
164:
148:
1435:
591:
of either variety may have difficulty understanding the other.
556:
160:
2930:
A grammar of Iranian Armenian: Parskahayeren or Iranahayeren
2399:
First, notice that the Ablative form in Eastern Armenian is
638:
campaign to create a separate Knowledge for Western Armenian
564:
152:
3076:
grammar of Iranian Armenian: Parskahayeren or Iranahayeren
360:
characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
3178:
16:
One of the two languages of the Armenian language family
2926:
3006:. London Oriental and African Language Library, 2007,
2542:
The present tense in Eastern Armenian is based on two
1524:
The Eastern Armenian language is written using either
527:
2550:). In Eastern Armenian, the distinct conjugations in
2980:
2978:
658:Eastern Armenian has six monophthong vowel sounds.
56:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
582:
3665:
2975:
1445:Differences in Phonology from Classical Armenian
1434:The phonology of Eastern Armenian preserves the
3195:Explanatory Dictionary of Contemporary Armenian
2826:after the present participle form of the verb:
2177:
2171:
2165:
2159:
2153:
2147:
2129:
2119:
2111:
2101:
2093:
2083:
2073:
2065:
2055:
2047:
2032:
2022:
2014:
2004:
1996:
1986:
1976:
1968:
1958:
1950:
1935:
1925:
1917:
1907:
1899:
1889:
1879:
1871:
1861:
1853:
1838:
1828:
1818:
1808:
1798:
1788:
1773:
1763:
1753:
1743:
1733:
1723:
1708:
1698:
1688:
1678:
1668:
1658:
1643:
1633:
1623:
1613:
1603:
1593:
136:
3554:
3238:
488:
2194:, one more than Western Armenian. They are:
633:
594:The official language, according to law, of
2920:
607:Until 2018, both varieties shared the same
575:was used. Eastern Armenian is based on the
3561:
3547:
3245:
3231:
3108:
2995:
2927:Dolatian H, Sharifzadeh A, Vaux B (2023).
495:
481:
329:
2941:
2229:, but two are the most used (genitive in
116:Learn how and when to remove this message
3568:
1294:
2531:particles or constructions. (See also
354:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
3666:
3203:(ԱՐԴԻ ՀԱՅԵՐԵՆԻ ԲԱՑԱՏՐԱԿԱՆ ԲԱՌԱՐԱՆ) by
3201:Modern Armenian Explanatory Dictionary
3542:
3489:Armenian National Academy of Sciences
3252:
3226:
3213:(ՀԱՅՈՑ ԼԵԶՎԻ ՀՈՄԱՆԻՇՆԵՐԻ ԲԱՌԱՐԱՆ) by
1469:(king) is , not ; other examples are
3181:(Library of Armenian dictionaries):
3173:Eastern Armenian Online Dictionaries
54:adding citations to reliable sources
25:
563:, and by the Armenian community in
13:
3139:. Yerevan State University Press.
2936:. Berlin: Language Science Press.
2895:
2190:Eastern Armenian nouns have seven
14:
3710:
3150:
3112:Armenian: Modern Eastern Armenian
3004:Armenian: Modern Eastern Armenian
1400:
1364:
1306:
1295:
1267:
1253:
1245:
1237:
1219:
1211:
1197:
1189:
1181:
1146:
1138:
1105:
1097:
1064:
1056:
1024:
1010:
999:
976:
962:
951:
928:
914:
903:
862:
851:
771:
749:
738:
729:
714:
701:
3523:
3522:
3286:
3187:(ՀԱՅԵՐԷՆ ԲԱՑԱՏՐԱԿԱՆ ԲԱՌԱՐԱՆ) by
2989:
2912:
2539:for more detailed information.)
2164:used informally and capitalized
1526:Traditional Armenian Orthography
1242: (վ, ւ, ու, ո)
373:
30:
3185:Armenian Explanatory Dictionary
3126:
3102:
2877:Language families and languages
1311: (յ, ե, ի, է)
791:International Phonetic Alphabet
653:
583:Official status and recognition
41:needs additional citations for
3689:Languages of Georgia (country)
3653:Armenian Women's Sign Language
3081:
3060:
3039:
3018:
2960:
1519:
551:Eastern Armenian is spoken in
1:
3070:say ; Eastern Armenians from
2888:
2788:
2757:
2726:
2695:
2664:
2633:
2606:
2564:
2522:('of the good book', Gen.sg)
2506:
1540:
1530:Reformed Armenian Orthography
784:
438:
423:
3109:Dum-Tragut, Jasmine (2009).
3087:In traditional orthography,
3045:In traditional orthography,
3024:In traditional orthography,
643:
7:
3211:Armenian Language Thesaurus
3167:Arak29 On-Line Dictionaries
2857:Eastern Armenian verb table
2840:
2537:Eastern Armenian verb table
2459:, which precedes the noun:
2450:
1549:
1545:
621:. (The previous code under
544:. The two standards form a
528:
10:
3715:
2566:
2517:('the good book', Nom.sg)
759:
723:
695:
18:
3640:
3599:
3576:
3518:
3502:
3481:
3463:
3400:
3372:
3329:
3295:
3284:
3260:
3095:is written only one way,
3053:is written only one way,
3032:is written only one way,
2862:Western Armenian language
2178:
2172:
2166:
2160:
2154:
2148:
2130:
2120:
2112:
2102:
2094:
2084:
2074:
2066:
2056:
2048:
2033:
2023:
2015:
2005:
1997:
1987:
1977:
1969:
1959:
1951:
1936:
1926:
1918:
1908:
1900:
1890:
1880:
1872:
1862:
1854:
1839:
1829:
1819:
1809:
1799:
1789:
1774:
1764:
1754:
1744:
1734:
1724:
1709:
1699:
1689:
1679:
1669:
1659:
1644:
1634:
1624:
1614:
1604:
1594:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1552:
1450:Western Armenian language
1440:Western Armenian language
1388:
1352:
1324:
1279:
1224: (հ, յ)
1167:
1039:
890:
845:
798:
676:
671:
666:
663:
648:
515:
340:
328:
312:
296:
260:
242:
237:
229:(virtually always in the
216:
184:
174:
144:
137:
135:
130:
2969:Law on Language, Armenia
2832:(I am reading the book)
2525:
2185:
471:Romanization of Armenian
3684:Languages of Azerbaijan
3162:Arak29 Western Armenian
3157:Arak29 Eastern Armenian
2503:('This is the barley')
180:3.8 million (2013)
3648:Armenian Sign Language
2943:10.5281/zenodo.8177018
2491:('the barley' Nom.sg)
2469:('of a book', Gen.sg)
1452:article for details.)
1405: (լ)
1369: (ռ)
1300: (ր)
1272: (ղ)
1258: (ժ)
1250: (զ)
1216: (խ)
1202: (շ)
1194: (ս)
1186: (ֆ)
1151: (ջ)
1143: (ձ)
1110: (ճ)
1102: (ծ)
1069: (չ)
1061: (ց)
1029: (գ)
1015: (դ)
1004: (բ)
981: (կ)
967: (տ)
956: (պ)
933: (ք)
919: (թ)
908: (փ)
867: (ն)
856: (մ)
342:This article contains
2835:/jɛssiɾumɛmɑjdɡiɾkʰə/
2407:in Western Armenian:
2182:as the polite forms.
546:pluricentric language
3679:Languages of Armenia
3570:Languages of Armenia
2498:('This is the man')
2486:('the man', Nom.sg)
2465:('a book', Nom.sg),
532:) is one of the two
231:reformed orthography
50:improve this article
3699:Languages of Russia
3482:Promotion and study
3268:Armenian hypothesis
3189:Stepan Malkhasiants
2837:(I love that book)
2830:/jɛskɑɾdumɛmɡiɾkʰə/
2210:(indirect object),
397:Armenian hypothesis
3674:Armenian languages
3600:Minority languages
3308:Classical Armenian
3066:In practice, only
2609:present participle
2233:, and genitive in
1553:Personal pronouns
1436:Classical Armenian
634:Armenian Knowledge
540:, the other being
411:Classical Armenian
65:"Eastern Armenian"
3694:Languages of Iran
3661:
3660:
3577:Official language
3536:
3535:
3423:Regional dialects
3254:Armenian language
3097:⟨յ⟩
3068:Iranian-Armenians
3055:⟨վ⟩
3034:⟨հ⟩
2910:(25th ed., 2022)
2882:IETF language tag
2847:Armenian language
2820:
2819:
2395:
2394:
2202:(direct object),
2140:
2139:
1424:
1423:
1231:
1175:
1129:
1088:
1047:
996:
948:
900:
782:
781:
569:Armenian diaspora
526:
505:
504:
467:Armenian alphabet
459:
387:Armenian language
368:
367:
350:rendering support
346:phonetic symbols.
233:, except in Iran)
227:Armenian alphabet
126:
125:
118:
100:
3706:
3632:Western Armenian
3589:Eastern Armenian
3563:
3556:
3549:
3540:
3539:
3526:
3525:
3494:Armenian studies
3433:Iranian Armenian
3290:
3247:
3240:
3233:
3224:
3223:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3106:
3100:
3098:
3094:
3090:
3085:
3079:
3064:
3058:
3056:
3052:
3048:
3043:
3037:
3035:
3031:
3027:
3022:
3016:
2999:
2993:
2982:
2973:
2972:
2964:
2958:
2957:
2945:
2935:
2924:
2918:
2917:
2916:
2902:Eastern Armenian
2899:
2836:
2831:
2816:
2807:
2798:
2792:
2785:
2776:
2767:
2761:
2754:
2745:
2736:
2730:
2723:
2714:
2705:
2699:
2692:
2683:
2674:
2668:
2661:
2652:
2643:
2637:
2630:
2621:
2599:
2586:
2573:
2565:
2521:
2516:
2502:
2497:
2490:
2485:
2479:
2475:
2468:
2464:
2458:
2447:
2423:
2402:
2391:
2382:
2373:
2360:
2340:
2331:
2322:
2309:
2289:
2280:
2271:
2258:
2240:
2239:
2181:
2180:
2175:
2174:
2169:
2168:
2163:
2162:
2157:
2156:
2151:
2150:
2135:
2134:
2125:
2124:
2117:
2116:
2107:
2106:
2099:
2098:
2089:
2088:
2079:
2078:
2071:
2070:
2061:
2060:
2053:
2052:
2038:
2037:
2028:
2027:
2020:
2019:
2010:
2009:
2002:
2001:
1992:
1991:
1982:
1981:
1974:
1973:
1964:
1963:
1956:
1955:
1941:
1940:
1931:
1930:
1923:
1922:
1913:
1912:
1905:
1904:
1895:
1894:
1885:
1884:
1877:
1876:
1867:
1866:
1859:
1858:
1844:
1843:
1834:
1833:
1824:
1823:
1814:
1813:
1804:
1803:
1794:
1793:
1779:
1778:
1769:
1768:
1759:
1758:
1749:
1748:
1739:
1738:
1729:
1728:
1714:
1713:
1704:
1703:
1694:
1693:
1684:
1683:
1674:
1673:
1664:
1663:
1649:
1648:
1639:
1638:
1629:
1628:
1619:
1618:
1609:
1608:
1599:
1598:
1550:
1459:. For instance,
1457:Western Armenian
1404:
1368:
1310:
1299:
1271:
1257:
1249:
1241:
1229:
1223:
1215:
1201:
1193:
1185:
1173:
1150:
1142:
1127:
1109:
1101:
1086:
1068:
1060:
1045:
1028:
1014:
1003:
992:
980:
966:
955:
944:
932:
918:
907:
896:
866:
855:
796:
795:
775:
753:
742:
733:
718:
705:
661:
660:
573:Western Armenian
542:Western Armenian
531:
521:
519:
508:Eastern Armenian
497:
490:
483:
446:
443:
440:
428:
425:
377:
370:
369:
333:
324:
308:
301:
292:
286:
279:
273:
265:
256:
255:
247:
222:
206:Eastern Armenian
190:
140:
139:
131:Eastern Armenian
128:
127:
121:
114:
110:
107:
101:
99:
58:
34:
26:
3714:
3713:
3709:
3708:
3707:
3705:
3704:
3703:
3664:
3663:
3662:
3657:
3636:
3595:
3572:
3567:
3537:
3532:
3514:
3498:
3477:
3473:List of writers
3459:
3396:
3368:
3325:
3320:Modern Armenian
3314:Middle Armenian
3291:
3282:
3273:Graeco-Armenian
3256:
3251:
3215:Ashot Sukiasyan
3153:
3129:
3124:
3123:
3115:
3107:
3103:
3096:
3086:
3082:
3065:
3061:
3054:
3044:
3040:
3033:
3023:
3019:
3000:
2996:
2983:
2976:
2966:
2965:
2961:
2954:
2933:
2925:
2921:
2911:
2900:
2896:
2891:
2872:Eastern Armenia
2867:Western Armenia
2843:
2833:
2601:
2588:
2575:
2528:
2518:
2509:
2499:
2494:
2492:
2487:
2453:
2398:
2366:
2353:
2315:
2302:
2264:
2251:
2188:
2144:T-V distinction
1548:
1543:
1522:
1513:
1503:
1494:
1485:
1476:
1466:
1432:
819:
787:
755:
735:
656:
651:
646:
589:lower registers
585:
577:Yerevan dialect
538:Modern Armenian
501:
469:
445:
441:
434:Modern Armenian
426:
419:Middle Armenian
348:Without proper
336:
320:
304:
297:
282:
281:
280:
269:
268:
261:
251:
250:
243:
223:
218:
212:
191:
188:Language family
186:
177:
176:Native speakers
122:
111:
105:
102:
59:
57:
47:
35:
24:
21:Eastern Armenia
17:
12:
11:
5:
3712:
3702:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3659:
3658:
3656:
3655:
3650:
3644:
3642:
3641:Sign languages
3638:
3637:
3635:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3603:
3601:
3597:
3596:
3594:
3593:
3592:
3591:
3580:
3578:
3574:
3573:
3566:
3565:
3558:
3551:
3543:
3534:
3533:
3531:
3530:
3519:
3516:
3515:
3513:
3512:
3506:
3504:
3503:Related topics
3500:
3499:
3497:
3496:
3491:
3485:
3483:
3479:
3478:
3476:
3475:
3469:
3467:
3461:
3460:
3458:
3457:
3456:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3420:
3419:
3418:
3413:
3404:
3402:
3398:
3397:
3395:
3394:
3393:
3392:
3387:
3376:
3374:
3370:
3369:
3367:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3350:
3349:
3344:
3335:
3333:
3327:
3326:
3324:
3323:
3322:(from c. 1700)
3317:
3316:(c. 1100–1700)
3311:
3305:
3303:Proto-Armenian
3299:
3297:
3293:
3292:
3285:
3283:
3281:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3264:
3262:
3258:
3257:
3250:
3249:
3242:
3235:
3227:
3221:
3220:
3219:
3218:
3208:
3205:Eduard Aghayan
3198:
3192:
3170:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3152:
3151:External links
3149:
3148:
3147:
3128:
3125:
3122:
3121:
3101:
3080:
3059:
3038:
3017:
2994:
2974:
2959:
2952:
2919:
2893:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2886:
2885:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2852:Armenian verbs
2849:
2842:
2839:
2818:
2817:
2808:
2799:
2794:
2787:
2786:
2777:
2768:
2763:
2756:
2755:
2746:
2737:
2732:
2725:
2724:
2715:
2706:
2701:
2694:
2693:
2684:
2675:
2670:
2663:
2662:
2653:
2644:
2639:
2632:
2631:
2622:
2613:
2611:
2605:
2604:
2591:
2578:
2569:
2533:Armenian verbs
2527:
2524:
2508:
2505:
2452:
2449:
2403:, where it is
2393:
2392:
2383:
2374:
2361:
2348:
2342:
2341:
2332:
2323:
2310:
2297:
2291:
2290:
2281:
2272:
2259:
2246:
2206:(possession),
2187:
2184:
2138:
2137:
2127:
2109:
2091:
2081:
2063:
2045:
2041:
2040:
2030:
2012:
1994:
1984:
1966:
1948:
1944:
1943:
1933:
1915:
1897:
1887:
1869:
1851:
1847:
1846:
1836:
1826:
1816:
1806:
1796:
1786:
1782:
1781:
1771:
1761:
1751:
1741:
1731:
1721:
1717:
1716:
1706:
1696:
1686:
1676:
1666:
1656:
1652:
1651:
1641:
1631:
1621:
1611:
1601:
1591:
1587:
1586:
1583:
1580:
1577:
1574:
1571:
1567:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1554:
1547:
1544:
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1539:
1521:
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1509:
1499:
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1430:
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1422:
1421:
1418:
1415:
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1409:
1406:
1398:
1395:
1392:
1386:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1370:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1350:
1349:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1322:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1304:
1301:
1293:
1286:
1283:
1277:
1276:
1273:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1251:
1243:
1235:
1232:
1226:
1225:
1217:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1195:
1187:
1179:
1176:
1171:
1165:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1144:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1124:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1103:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1083:
1082:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1062:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1043:
1037:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1008:
1005:
997:
989:
988:
985:
982:
974:
971:
968:
960:
957:
949:
941:
940:
937:
934:
926:
923:
920:
912:
909:
901:
894:
888:
887:
884:
881:
874:
871:
868:
860:
857:
849:
843:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
815:
810:
805:
800:
786:
783:
780:
779:
777:
769:
766:
763:
757:
756:
747:
744:
736:
727:
721:
720:
712:
709:
707:
699:
693:
692:
687:
681:
680:
675:
670:
665:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
584:
581:
529:Arevelahayeren
517:Արեւելահայերեն
503:
502:
500:
499:
492:
485:
477:
474:
473:
463:
462:
461:
460:
430:
415:
407:
404:Proto-Armenian
400:
390:
389:
379:
378:
366:
365:
352:, you may see
338:
337:
334:
326:
325:
318:
310:
309:
302:
294:
293:
266:
258:
257:
248:
240:
239:
238:Language codes
235:
234:
224:
220:Writing system
217:
214:
213:
211:
210:
209:
208:
194:
192:
185:
182:
181:
178:
175:
172:
171:
146:
145:Native to
142:
141:
138:Արեւելահայերեն
133:
132:
124:
123:
38:
36:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3711:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3671:
3669:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3645:
3643:
3639:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3604:
3602:
3598:
3590:
3587:
3586:
3585:
3582:
3581:
3579:
3575:
3571:
3564:
3559:
3557:
3552:
3550:
3545:
3544:
3541:
3529:
3521:
3520:
3517:
3511:
3508:
3507:
3505:
3501:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3486:
3484:
3480:
3474:
3471:
3470:
3468:
3466:
3462:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3425:
3424:
3421:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3408:
3407:Standardized
3406:
3405:
3403:
3399:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3382:
3381:
3378:
3377:
3375:
3371:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3339:
3337:
3336:
3334:
3332:
3328:
3321:
3318:
3315:
3312:
3310:(c. 405–1100)
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3300:
3298:
3294:
3289:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3265:
3263:
3259:
3255:
3248:
3243:
3241:
3236:
3234:
3229:
3228:
3225:
3216:
3212:
3209:
3206:
3202:
3199:
3196:
3193:
3190:
3186:
3183:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3176:
3175:
3174:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3154:
3146:
3142:
3138:
3134:
3131:
3130:
3114:
3113:
3105:
3084:
3077:
3073:
3069:
3063:
3042:
3021:
3015:
3013:
3009:
3003:
2998:
2991:
2987:
2981:
2979:
2971:
2970:
2963:
2955:
2953:9783961104192
2949:
2944:
2939:
2932:
2931:
2923:
2915:
2909:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2894:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2844:
2838:
2827:
2825:
2814:
2809:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2789:
2783:
2778:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2758:
2752:
2747:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2727:
2721:
2716:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2696:
2690:
2685:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2665:
2659:
2654:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2634:
2628:
2623:
2619:
2614:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2603:
2597:
2592:
2590:
2584:
2579:
2577:
2570:
2567:
2563:
2561:
2557:
2553:
2549:
2545:
2540:
2538:
2534:
2523:
2512:
2504:
2481:
2470:
2460:
2448:
2443:
2442:
2435:
2434:-declension:
2433:
2429:
2424:
2422:
2416:
2415:
2408:
2406:
2389:
2384:
2380:
2375:
2371:
2365:
2362:
2358:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2329:
2324:
2320:
2314:
2311:
2307:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2278:
2273:
2269:
2263:
2260:
2256:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2232:
2228:
2223:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2183:
2145:
2142:Armenian has
2133:
2128:
2123:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2051:
2046:
2043:
2042:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1954:
1949:
1947:instrumental
1946:
1945:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1857:
1852:
1849:
1848:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1784:
1783:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1719:
1718:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1654:
1653:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1589:
1588:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1568:
1556:
1551:
1538:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1505:
1502:
1495:
1493:
1486:
1484:
1477:
1475:
1468:
1465:
1458:
1453:
1451:
1447:
1446:
1441:
1437:
1426:
1425:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1316:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1302:
1298:
1291:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1233:
1228:
1227:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1177:
1172:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1134:
1131:
1126:
1125:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1093:
1090:
1085:
1084:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1044:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1006:
1002:
998:
995:
991:
990:
986:
983:
979:
975:
972:
969:
965:
961:
958:
954:
950:
947:
943:
942:
938:
935:
931:
927:
924:
921:
917:
913:
910:
906:
902:
899:
895:
893:
889:
885:
882:
879:
875:
872:
869:
865:
861:
858:
854:
850:
848:
844:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
797:
794:
792:
778:
774:
770:
767:
764:
762:
758:
752:
748:
745:
741:
737:
732:
728:
726:
722:
717:
713:
710:
708:
704:
700:
698:
694:
691:
688:
686:
683:
682:
679:
674:
669:
662:
659:
641:
639:
635:
630:
628:
624:
620:
619:
614:
610:
605:
603:
602:
597:
592:
590:
580:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
559:, as well as
558:
554:
549:
547:
543:
539:
535:
530:
524:
518:
513:
509:
498:
493:
491:
486:
484:
479:
478:
476:
475:
472:
468:
465:
464:
457:
453:
449:
436:
435:
431:
421:
420:
416:
413:
412:
408:
406:
405:
401:
399:
398:
394:
393:
392:
391:
388:
384:
381:
380:
376:
372:
371:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
345:
339:
332:
327:
323:
319:
317:
316:
311:
307:
303:
300:
295:
290:
285:
277:
272:
267:
264:
259:
254:
249:
246:
241:
236:
232:
228:
225:
221:
215:
207:
204:
203:
202:
199:
198:
197:
196:Indo-European
193:
189:
183:
179:
173:
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
147:
143:
134:
129:
120:
117:
109:
98:
95:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67: –
66:
62:
61:Find sources:
55:
51:
45:
44:
39:This article
37:
33:
28:
27:
22:
3588:
3415:
3359:Romanization
3338:Orthography
3278:Armeno-Aryan
3172:
3171:
3136:
3133:Dora Sakayan
3127:Bibliography
3111:
3104:
3083:
3062:
3041:
3020:
3005:
3001:
2997:
2992:for details.
2985:
2968:
2962:
2929:
2922:
2905:
2897:
2828:
2823:
2821:
2812:
2803:
2781:
2772:
2750:
2741:
2719:
2710:
2700:(he/she/it)
2688:
2679:
2657:
2648:
2626:
2617:
2608:
2600:
2595:
2587:
2582:
2574:
2559:
2555:
2551:
2547:
2544:conjugations
2541:
2529:
2513:
2510:
2482:
2471:
2461:
2454:
2440:
2438:
2436:
2431:
2427:
2425:
2420:
2413:
2411:
2409:
2404:
2396:
2387:
2378:
2369:
2356:
2336:
2327:
2318:
2305:
2295:Instrumental
2285:
2276:
2267:
2254:
2234:
2230:
2224:
2218:(means) and
2216:instrumental
2189:
2141:
1942:(nrancʿicʿ)
1886:(kʿezanicʿ)
1878:(kʿeznicʿ),
1523:
1510:
1500:
1491:
1482:
1473:
1463:
1454:
1449:
1443:
1433:
788:
657:
654:Monophthongs
631:
626:
617:
606:
599:
593:
586:
550:
534:standardized
507:
506:
447:
432:
417:
409:
402:
395:
341:
313:
205:
169:Central Asia
112:
103:
93:
86:
79:
72:
60:
48:Please help
43:verification
40:
2986:Orthography
2515:/lɑvɡiɾkʰə/
2446:/ɡɑɾinɛˈɾi/
2227:declensions
2198:(subject),
2136:(nrancʿum)
2080:(kʿezanum)
2072:(kʿeznum),
2039:(nrancʿov)
1983:(kʿezanov)
1975:(kʿeznov),
1932:(jezanicʿ)
1924:(jeznicʿ),
1914:(mezanicʿ)
1906:(meznicʿ),
1868:(injanicʿ)
1860:(injnicʿ),
1785:accusative
1590:nominative
1585:3rd person
1582:2nd person
1579:1st person
1576:3rd person
1573:2nd person
1570:1st person
1520:Orthography
1281:Approximant
808:Labiodental
442: 1700
427: 1100
356:instead of
3668:Categories
3465:Literature
3380:Verb table
3179:Nayiri.com
3145:5808408903
2907:Ethnologue
2889:References
2669:(you. sg)
2602:'to read'
2589:'to love'
2558:merged as
2520:/lɑvɡɾkʰi/
2507:Adjectives
2501:/sɑɡɑɾinɛ/
2496:/sɑmɑɾdnɛ/
2437:Gen.pl WA
2410:Abl.sg WA
2397:Two notes:
2214:(origin),
2200:accusative
2196:nominative
2126:(jezanum)
2118:(jeznum),
2108:(mezanum)
2100:(meznum),
2062:(injanum)
2054:(injnum),
2029:(jezanov)
2021:(jeznov),
2011:(mezanov)
2003:(meznov),
1965:(injanov)
1957:(injnov),
1896:(nranicʿ)
1541:Morphology
785:Consonants
444:– present)
414:(from 405)
106:April 2023
76:newspapers
3428:Homshetsi
3342:Classical
3135:. (2007)
3078:. Page 22
3012:1382-3485
2762:(you.pl)
2467:/miɡɾkʰi/
2386:/ɡɑɾinɛˈɾ
2364:դաշտերում
2335:/ɡɑɾinɛˈɾ
2284:/ɡɑɾinɛˈɾ
2090:(nranum)
2044:locative
1993:(nranov)
1850:ablative
1845:(nrancʿ)
1780:(nrancʿ)
1715:(nrancʿ)
1655:genitive
1650:(nrankʿ)
1560:singular
1174:voiceless
1169:Fricative
1087:voiceless
1046:aspirated
1041:Affricate
946:voiceless
898:aspirated
685:Unrounded
644:Phonology
623:ISO 639-1
609:ISO 639-3
536:forms of
523:romanized
456:Homshetsi
315:Glottolog
299:ISO 639-3
263:ISO 639-2
245:ISO 639-1
3622:Lomavren
3617:Kurmanji
3607:Assyrian
3584:Armenian
3528:Category
3510:Proverbs
3438:Karabakh
3401:Dialects
3364:Numerals
3347:Reformed
3331:Alphabet
2988:section
2841:See also
2791:/nɾɑnkʰ/
2576:'to be'
2451:Articles
2368:/dɑʃtɛˈɾ
2346:Locative
2317:/dɑʃtɛˈɾ
2313:դաշտերով
2266:/dɑʃtɛˈɾ
2262:դաշտերից
2244:Ablative
2220:locative
2212:ablative
2204:genitive
2132:նրանցում
2122:ձեզանում
2104:մեզանում
2076:քեզանում
2058:ինձանում
1630:(menkʿ)
1546:Pronouns
820:alveolar
813:Alveolar
803:Bilabial
601:de facto
512:Armenian
362:Help:IPA
322:nucl1235
201:Armenian
3627:Russian
3453:Yerevan
3416:Eastern
3411:Western
3390:Western
3385:Eastern
3373:Grammar
3354:Braille
3296:History
3072:Armenia
3014:; p. 17
2793:(they)
2729:/mɛnkʰ/
2572:/linɛl/
2568:
2489:/ɡɑɾin/
2484:/mɑɾdə/
2463:miɡiɾkʰ
2439:kariner
2401:/-it͡s/
2351:դաշտում
2146:, with
2114:ձեզնում
2096:մեզնում
2086:նրանում
2068:քեզնում
2050:ինձնում
2035:նրանցով
2025:ձեզանով
2007:մեզանով
1979:քեզանով
1961:ինձանով
1938:նրանցից
1928:ձեզանից
1910:մեզանից
1882:քեզանից
1864:ինձանից
1815:(nran)
1805:(kʿez)
1750:(nran)
1740:(kʿez)
1720:dative
1640:(dukʿ)
1565:plural
1534:Armenia
1448:in the
1420:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1397:
1394:
1390:Lateral
1384:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1361:
1358:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1320:
1317:
1314:
1303:
1285:
1275:
1264:
1261:
1234:
1208:
1205:
1178:
1163:
1160:
1157:
1154:
1135:
1132:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1113:
1094:
1091:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1053:
1050:
1035:
1032:
1021:
1018:
1007:
987:
984:
973:
970:
959:
939:
936:
925:
922:
911:
886:
883:
873:
870:
859:
840:Glottal
825:Palatal
799:
768:
765:
746:
711:
690:Rounded
673:Central
664:
596:Armenia
561:Georgia
553:Armenia
525::
458:(mixed)
452:Western
448:Eastern
429:– 1700)
385:of the
383:History
358:Unicode
287: (
274: (
165:Ukraine
157:Georgia
149:Armenia
90:scholar
3261:Origin
3143:
3010:
2950:
2760:/dukʰ/
2735:/ɛnkʰ/
2421:ut͡sʰ/
2355:/dɑʃˈt
2304:/dɑʃˈt
2300:դաշտով
2253:/dɑʃˈt
2249:դաշտից
2208:dative
2017:ձեզնով
1999:մեզնով
1989:նրանով
1971:քեզնով
1953:ինձնով
1920:ձեզնից
1902:մեզնից
1892:նրանից
1874:քեզնից
1856:ինձնից
1835:(jez)
1825:(mez)
1795:(inj)
1770:(jez)
1760:(mez)
1730:(inj)
1705:(jer)
1695:(mer)
1685:(nra)
1675:(kʿo)
1230:voiced
1128:voiced
994:voiced
835:Uvular
754:(ո, օ)
734:(ե, է)
649:Vowels
611:code:
557:Russia
161:Russia
92:
85:
78:
71:
63:
3612:Greek
3443:Karin
3116:(PDF)
2990:below
2934:(pdf)
2824:linel
2811:/kɑɾd
2780:/kɑɾd
2766:/ɛkʰ/
2749:/kɑɾd
2731:(we)
2718:/kɑɾd
2687:/kɑɾd
2656:/kɑɾd
2636:/jɛs/
2625:/kɑɾd
2594:/kɑɾd
2526:Verbs
2493:but:
2377:/ɡɑˈɾ
2326:/ɡɑˈɾ
2286:it͡sʰ
2277:ut͡sʰ
2275:/ɡɑˈɾ
2268:it͡sʰ
2255:it͡sʰ
2192:cases
2186:Nouns
1841:նրանց
1776:նրանց
1711:նրանց
1665:(im)
1646:նրանք
1620:(na)
1610:(du)
1600:(es)
1431:Notes
1354:Trill
847:Nasal
830:Velar
818:Post-
719:(ու)
697:Close
668:Front
97:JSTOR
83:books
3448:Mush
3141:ISBN
3008:ISSN
2948:ISBN
2802:/siɾ
2797:/ɛn/
2771:/siɾ
2751:ɑnkʰ
2742:ɛnkʰ
2740:/siɾ
2709:/siɾ
2698:/nɑ/
2678:/siɾ
2673:/ɛs/
2667:/du/
2647:/siɾ
2642:/ɛm/
2638:(I)
2616:/siɾ
2581:/siɾ
2554:and
2548:a, e
2535:and
2478:/-n/
2474:/-ə/
2457:/mi/
2444:/EA
2419:/ɡɑɾ
2417:/EA
2167:Դուք
1811:նրան
1746:նրան
1636:դուք
1626:մենք
1516:().
1514:ույր
1508:վարա
1506:(),
1496:(),
1487:(),
1478:(),
1467:ավոր
1066:t͡ʃʰ
1058:t͡sʰ
892:Stop
776:(ա)
761:Open
743:(ը)
706:(ի)
678:Back
632:The
625:was
565:Iran
153:Iran
69:news
3093:/j/
3089:/j/
3051:/v/
3047:/v/
3030:/h/
3026:/h/
2938:doi
2904:at
2884::hy
2782:ɑkʰ
2773:ɛkʰ
2704:/ɛ/
2476:or
2412:kar
2237:):
2179:Ձեզ
2173:Ձեր
2161:քեզ
2149:դու
1831:ձեզ
1821:մեզ
1801:քեզ
1791:ինձ
1766:ձեզ
1756:մեզ
1736:քեզ
1726:ինձ
1701:ձեր
1691:մեր
1681:նրա
1606:դու
1528:or
1489:կար
1326:Tap
1148:d͡ʒ
1140:d͡z
1107:t͡ʃ
1099:t͡s
725:Mid
629:.)
618:hyw
613:hye
344:IPA
306:hye
284:hye
271:arm
52:by
3670::
2977:^
2946:.
2813:ɑn
2804:ɛn
2689:ɑs
2680:ɛs
2658:ɑm
2649:ɛm
2627:um
2618:um
2596:ɑl
2583:ɛl
2562:.
2405:-ê
2388:um
2379:um
2370:um
2357:um
2337:ɔv
2328:ɔv
2319:ɔv
2306:ɔv
2176:,
2170:,
2158:,
2155:քո
2152:,
1671:քո
1661:իմ
1616:նա
1596:ես
1504:ար
1498:դա
1480:ձա
1471:ձի
1461:թա
1292:⟩
930:kʰ
916:tʰ
905:pʰ
880:⟩
627:hy
579:.
555:,
548:.
520:,
514::
454:,
450:,
439:c.
424:c.
253:hy
167:,
163:,
159:,
155:,
151:,
3562:e
3555:t
3548:v
3246:e
3239:t
3232:v
3099:.
3057:.
3036:.
2956:.
2940::
2815:/
2806:/
2784:/
2775:/
2753:/
2744:/
2722:/
2720:ɑ
2713:/
2711:i
2691:/
2682:/
2660:/
2651:/
2629:/
2620:/
2598:/
2585:/
2560:e
2556:i
2552:e
2546:(
2441:u
2432:i
2428:u
2414:ê
2390:/
2381:/
2372:/
2359:/
2339:/
2330:/
2321:/
2308:/
2288:/
2279:/
2270:/
2257:/
2235:u
2231:i
1511:գ
1501:դ
1492:գ
1483:գ
1474:գ
1464:գ
1402:l
1366:r
1308:j
1297:ɾ
1290:ʋ
1288:⟨
1269:ʁ
1255:ʒ
1247:z
1239:v
1221:h
1213:χ
1199:ʃ
1191:s
1183:f
1026:ɡ
1012:d
1001:b
978:k
964:t
953:p
878:ŋ
876:⟨
864:n
853:m
773:ɑ
751:ɔ
740:ə
731:ɛ
716:u
703:i
510:(
496:e
489:t
482:v
437:(
422:(
364:.
291:)
289:T
278:)
276:B
119:)
113:(
108:)
104:(
94:·
87:·
80:·
73:·
46:.
23:.
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