808:
2644:
2012:
3135:
1098:
2042:
1054:
2825:
2346:
2659:
3166:
658:
1951:
2362:
733:
1026:
1906:
673:
3828:
1830:
2611:
3666:
2256:
3181:
1846:
2291:
1861:
3635:
1537:
793:
2763:
1522:
1612:
1461:
1507:
823:
2810:
778:
1921:
886:
46:
5635:
2733:
1714:
1891:
748:
2793:
1936:
1597:
1074:
1748:
1876:
2567:
1582:
1476:
2217:
1491:
1659:
628:
2982:
3759:
871:
2327:
613:
1002:
3151:
2778:
643:
3877:
3236:
1567:
2997:
2630:
3793:
901:
1552:
703:
3934:
1641:
2552:
1998:
2967:
2922:
763:
2952:
68:
3221:
1626:
3949:
856:
3202:
3812:
2748:
2233:
1695:
2307:
2719:
2937:
1674:
2674:
3919:
2597:
2689:
2057:
2878:
718:
57:
2892:
3896:
2863:
1966:
1815:
1800:
2027:
2848:
1729:
3778:
688:
1763:
3654:
2907:
841:
5459:
2582:
2272:
1983:
5483:
4873:
4701:
4516:
2704:
3994:
5471:
921:, which had introduced early great cathedrals, built of stone instead of timber, and saw the construction of remarkable abbeys throughout England. The Normans had introduced the three classical orders of architecture, and created massive walls for their buildings, with thin pilaster-like buttresses. The transition from Norman to Gothic lasted from about 1145 until 1190. In the reigns of
4328:
Pointed. Second-Pointed work of C14 saw an ever-increasing invention in bar-tracery of the
Curvilinear, Flowing, and Reticulated types, ... culminating in the Flamboyant style (from c.1375) of the Continent. Second Pointed was relatively short-lived in England, and was superseded by Perp (or Third Pointed) from c.1332, although the two styles overlapped for some time.
3713:
ridge of the roof, supported by diagonal struts, while a Queen-Post truss has a wooden collar below the pointed arch which united the posts and was supported by struts and cross-braces. A Queen-Post truss could span a width of forty feet. Both of these forms created greater stability, but the full weight of the roof still came down directly onto the walls.
1025:
3623:
2078:
built the central tower from 1315 to 1322 in
Decorated style. Soon afterwards another architect, William Joy, added curving arches to strengthen the structure, and made further extensions to join the Lady Chapel to the Choir. In 1329–45, he created an extraordinary double arch in the decorated style.
1177:, narrow and tall with a point at the top, became a common feature of English architecture. For this reason, Early English Gothic is sometimes known as the Lancet style. The Lancet openings of windows and decorative arcading are often grouped in twos or threes. This characteristic is seen throughout
3720:. In this system, the point of the roof is supported by the collar and trusses, but from the collar curved beams reach well downward on the walls, and carry the weight downward and outwards, to the walls and buttresses, without obstructing the view. The oldest existing roof of this kind is found in
3684:
was a distinctive feature of the style, both in religious and domestic architecture. It had to be able to resist rain, snow and high winds of the
English climate, and to preserve the integrity of the structure. A pitched roof was a common feature of all the Gothic periods. During the Norman period,
483:
and the
Renaissance architecture of southern Europe began to supplant Gothic architecture in Continental Europe, but the British Isles continued to favour Gothic building styles, with traditional Perpendicular Gothic building projects undertaken into the 17th century in England and both Elizabethan
3854:
has examples of Gothic work in the north and west ranges of the front quadrangle, dated to 1431; notably in the medieval hall on the west side, (now the "new library") and the "old library" on the first floor, north side. The architecture at
Balliol was often derived from castle architecture, with
4327:
First
Pointed (Early English) was used from the end of C12 to the end of C13, though most of its characteristics were present in the lower part of the chevet of the Abbey Church of St-Denis, near Paris (c.1135–44). ... Once First Pointed evolved with Geometrical tracery, it became known as Middle
3712:
is the chief beam of the truss. Later, the roof was supported by structures called a King-point-truss and Queen-post truss, where the principal rafters are connected with the tie beam by the head of the truss. The King-Point truss has a vertical beam with connects the centre of the rafter to the
3102:
The perpendicular Gothic was the longest of the
English Gothic periods; it continued for a century after the style had nearly disappeared from France and the rest of the European continent, where the Renaissance had already begun. Gradually, near the end of the period, Renaissance forms began to
2132:
An even more elaborate form, appeared late in the
Decorative. Unlike the lierne vault, the fan vault had no functional ribs; the visible "ribs" are mouldings on the masonry imitating ribs. The structure is composed of slabs of stone joined into half-cones, whose vertices are the springers of the
1227:
has two notable examples from this period. The oldest is the Dean's Window in the north transept, which dates to 1220–1235. It is an example of an Early
English plate-tracery rose window. The geometric design, with concentric tiers of circular window lights, predates the geometric tracery of the
2101:
of earlier Early Gothic usually had just four compartments, with a minimum number of ribs which were all connected to the columns below, and all played a role in distributing the weight and outwards and downwards. In the
Decorated architecture period, additional ribs were added to the vaulted
1167:
were usually quadripartite, each having four compartments divided by ribs, with each covering one bay of the ceiling. The horizontal ridge ribs intersected the summits of the cross ribs and diagonal ribs, and carried the weight outwards and downwards to pillars or columns of the triforium and
1146:, The original purpose of rib vault was to allow a heavier stone ceiling, to replace the wooden roofs of the earlier Norman churches, which frequently caught fire. They also had the benefit of allowing the construction of higher and thinner walls. They appeared first in an early form in
1234:. The typical arrangement for an English Gothic east end is square, and may be an unbroken cliff-like design as at York, Lincoln, Ripon, Ely and Carlisle or may have a projecting lady chapel of which there is a great diversity as at Salisbury, Lichfield, Hereford, Exeter and Chichester
1228:
later decorated style of Gothic architecture. The principal theme of the window is the second coming of Christ and the last judgement. Some scenes are associated with death and resurrection, such as the funeral of Saint Hugh, the founder of the cathedral, and the death of the Virgin
3134:
3014:(or simply Perpendicular) is the third and final style of medieval Gothic architecture in England. It is characterised by an emphasis on vertical lines, and is sometimes called rectilinear. The Perpendicular style began to emerge in about 1330. The earliest example is the
3841:
The Gothic style was adopted in the late 13th to 15th centuries in early English university buildings, due in part to the close connection between the universities and the church. The oldest existing example of University Gothic in England is probably the
3689:, the roofs became steeper, up to sixty degrees. In the late perpendicular period, the angle declined to twenty degrees or even less. The roofs were usually made of boards overlaid with tiles or sheet-lead, which was commonly used on low-pitched roofs.
3084:(choir stalls with lifting seats), under which were grotesque carvings; stylized "poppy heads", or carved figures in foliage on the ends of benches; and elaborate multicoloured decoration, usually in floral patterns, on panels or cornices called
1240:. Unlike the more sombre and heavy Norman churches, the Gothic churches began to have elaborate sculptural decoration. The arches of the arcades and triforium were sometimes decorated with dog tooth patterns, cusps, carved circles, and with
3099:, which killed an estimated third of England's population in 18 months between June 1348 and December 1349 and returned in 1361–62 to kill another fifth. This had a great effect on the arts and culture, which took a more sober direction.
3041:
Walls were built much higher than in earlier periods, and stained glass windows became very large, so that the space around them was reduced to simple piers. Horizontal transoms sometimes had to be introduced to strengthen the vertical
2122:. These were stone columns outside the walls which supports them, allowing thinner and high walls between the buttresses, and larger windows. The buttresses were often topped by ornamental stone pinnacles to give them greater weight.
555:
Alongside the new Gothic building work of the 19th century, many of England's existing Gothic buildings were extensively repaired, restored, remodelled, and rebuilt by architects seeking to improve the buildings according to the
3435:; the nave, west front and cloisters (1379–1414), chapter house (1400–12), transepts (1404–14, south; 1470–82, north), pulpitum (1410–39), southwest tower (1423–34; northwest tower added 1834–41), and central tower (1493–97)
2643:
2179:, or curving and serpentine, in the later period, This curvilinear element was introduced in the first quarter of the 14th century and lasted about fifty years A notable example of the curvilinear style is the East window of
2159:(vertical bars of stone), usually up to the level at which the arched top of the window begins. The mullions then branch out and cross, intersecting to fill the top part of the window with a mesh of elaborate patterns called
955:
The Early English style particularly featured more strongly-constructed walls with stone vaulted roofs, to resist fire. The weight of these vaults was carried downwards and outwards by arched ribs. This feature, the early
3115:(1558–1603), the classical details, including the five orders of classical architecture, were gradually introduced. Carved ornament with Italian Renaissance motifs began to be used in decoration, including on the tomb of
1073:
2345:
588:, much of the original Gothic architecture of the Middle Ages was lost or altered beyond recognition. However, medieval works left unfinished were often completed or restored to their "original" designs. According to
3348:
windows, which often were the finest features in the churches of this period. The mouldings were flatter than those of the earlier periods, and one of the chief characteristics is the introduction of large elliptical
1448:
period in France, which influenced it. It was a period of growing prosperity in England, and this was expressed in the decoration of Gothic buildings. Almost every feature of the interiors and facades was decorated.
807:
519:
mostly dispensed with the Gothic idiom in favour of classical work. Outside London however, new ecclesiastical buildings and repairs to older churches were still carried out in Gothic style, particularly near the
2361:
3123:. The pointed arch gradually gave way to the Roman rounded arch, brick began to replace masonry, the roof construction was concealed, and the Gothic finally gave way to an imitation of Roman and Greek styles.
3165:
1053:
975:, which carried the thrust from the wall of the nave over the roof of the aisle. The buttress was given further support by a heavy stone pinnacle. Buttresses were an early feature of the chapter house of
539:
By the 18th century, architects occasionally worked in Gothic style, but the living tradition of Gothic workmanship had faded and their designs rarely resembled medieval Gothic buildings. Only when the
1097:
3716:
Gothic architects did not like the roof truss systems, because the numerous horizontal beams crossing the nave obstructed the view of the soaring height. They came up with an ingenious solution, the
2824:
1263:. Instead of being massive, solid pillars, early Gothic columns were often composed of clusters of slender, detached shafts, which descended the vaults above. These were often made of dark, polished
2610:
2041:
426:). Rickman excluded from his scheme most new buildings after Henry VIII's reign, calling the style of "additions and rebuilding" in the later 16th and earlier 17th centuries "often much debased".
2011:
544:
movement of the late 18th and 19th centuries began, was the architectural language of medieval Gothic relearned through the scholarly efforts of early 19th-century art historians like Rickman and
3394:; the choir and transepts (1330–74, remodel of Norman work), cloisters (1370–1412), west front, western nave vaults, and south porch (1421–37), tower (1450–67) and Lady chapel (1457–83)
1001:
2290:
2255:
4911:
This figure has recently been disputed and is now thought to be closer to 20%. Philip Daileader, The Late Middle Ages, audio/video course produced by The Teaching Company, (2007)
147:. Combined, these features allowed the creation of buildings of unprecedented height and grandeur, filled with light from large stained glass windows. Important examples include
3685:
the roofs normally were pitched forty-five degrees, with the apex forming a right angle, which harmonised with the rounded arches of the gables. With the arrival of the pointed
3732:(1395), the largest timber roof of its time, built for royal ceremonies such as the banquets following the coronation of the King. Other notable wooden roofs included those of
2658:
4198:
English Mediaeval Architects: A Biographical Dictionary Down to 1550: including master masons, carpenters, carvers, building contractors and others responsible for design
4148:
English idiom from about 1330 to 1640, characterised by large windows, regularity of ornate detailing, and grids of panelling that extend over walls, windows and vaults.
2216:
4603:
4280:
Early to High Gothic and Early English (c.1130–c.1240) Rayonnant Gothic and Decorated Style (c.1240–c.1350) Late Gothic: flamboyant and perpendicular (c.1350–c.1500)
284:, first published in 1812, divided Gothic architecture in the British Isles into three stylistic periods. Rickman identified the period of architecture as follows:
3634:
3180:
986:, tall narrow lights topped by a pointed arch. They were grouped together side by side under a single arch and decorated with mullions in tracery patterns, such as
3827:
4106:
3235:
1490:
4888:
4531:
2921:
3792:
1829:
4740:
2326:
936:
in Normandy by French Norman architects, who also imported cut stones from Normandy for their construction. It was also influenced by the architecture of the
1460:
2232:
1950:
1271:, to which they are attached by circular moulded shaft-rings. One characteristic of Early Gothic in England is the great depth given to the hollows of the
732:
2306:
1905:
971:, a stone column outside the structure that reinforced the walls against the weight pressing outward and downward from the vaults. This evolved into the
4716:
5892:
5663:
4007:
3876:
3665:
1845:
1506:
657:
612:
5521:
990:, or spear-points. Lancet windows were combined similarly pointed arches and the ribs of the vaults overhead, giving a harmonious and unified style.
595:
The various English Gothic styles are seen at their most fully developed in cathedrals, monasteries, and collegiate churches. With the exception of
445:
period, in which pointed arches and round arches were employed together. Focusing on the windows, Sharpe dubbed Rickman's Gothic styles as follows:
5683:
5897:
5779:
2566:
1784:
style, lasted from about 1245 or 50 until 1315 or 1360, where ornament tended to be based on straight lines, cubes and circles, followed by the
672:
3811:
1875:
822:
5150:
1521:
2996:
1860:
1536:
5713:
5643:
3201:
3150:
2047:
900:
885:
792:
2732:
3895:
3758:
3220:
1920:
1747:
4897:
4725:
4540:
3419:; the clerestory of the presbytery (1362–69; transitional in style), and vaults (1446–72, nave; 1472–99, presbytery; 1501–36, transepts)
2809:
1640:
1475:
471:
period (1360–1550). Unlike the Early English and Decorated styles, this third style, employed over three centuries was unique to England
5668:
4366:
4293:
4246:
4063:
2981:
1713:
1611:
747:
2762:
1694:
777:
166:
The Gothic style was introduced from France, where the various elements had first been used together within a single building at the
2936:
5927:
5634:
5343:
4017:
2792:
1935:
5887:
1658:
3933:
1890:
1673:
4472:
The Principles of Gothic Ecclesiastical Architecture: With an Explanation of Technical Terms, and a Centenary of Ancient Terms
3918:
2777:
2469:; the chapter house (1275–1310), east end (1310–19, Lady chapel; 1329–45, choir and retro-choir), central tower (1315–22) and
5774:
5514:
5384:
5379:
5025:
4916:
4480:
4453:
4386:
4313:
4266:
4134:
4114:
4083:
2747:
2665:
2572:
2551:
1581:
1551:
627:
1596:
870:
717:
5882:
5693:
5475:
5427:
5229:
4027:
1780:
Historians sometimes subdivide this style into two periods, based on the predominant motifs of the designs. The first, the
592:, the revival of Gothic architecture was "arguably, the most influential artistic phenomenon ever to spring from England".
17:
4599:
3948:
123:
that flourished from the late 12th until the mid-17th century. The style was most prominently used in the construction of
5432:
5337:
3856:
3802:
3477:
3074:
2951:
89:
2271:
1154:, giving the nave its unified appearance. The first structure in England to be built entirely with the pointed arch was
932:
Early English was particularly influenced by what was called in English "The French style". The style was imported from
5922:
5917:
5912:
5907:
5902:
5769:
5658:
3777:
3653:
1965:
702:
2629:
1814:
5143:
5097:
5043:
4206:
4176:
2966:
1762:
1566:
5932:
5863:
5723:
5507:
5437:
5302:
5219:
4747:
3979:
3581:
2442:
1728:
642:
206:, had been built (1135–64). After a fire destroyed the choir of Canterbury Cathedral in 1174, the French architect
2718:
2688:
2673:
2056:
5678:
3834:
1997:
1625:
4947:
599:, English cathedrals–having building dates that typically range over 400 years–show great stylistic diversity.
5733:
5333:
5276:
5234:
3924:
3587:
3574:
3062:
2877:
1881:
762:
577:
124:
3144:
conveys an impression of a "cage" of stone and glass. Window tracery and wall decoration form integrated grids
2209:, or creating multi-colour geometric patterns on walls or panels made with different colours of stone or brick
2102:
ceilings which were purely decorative. They created very elaborate star patterns and other geometric designs.
5589:
3485:
1820:
2891:
948:, one of the first Early English structures in England, was rebuilt in the new style by a French architect,
5937:
5718:
5463:
5212:
5136:
4164:
3552:
3066:
2724:
2205:
was less conventional than in Early English and more flowing, Another decorative feature of the period was
1971:
855:
504:
245:
2906:
2862:
2596:
2524:; the Lady chapel (1321–49; east window, 1371–74) and the octagon, lantern and west bays of nave (1322–62)
2070:
Additions in the Decorated style were often added to earlier cathedrals. One striking example is found at
45:
5728:
5698:
5407:
5374:
5239:
5202:
4037:
4012:
1444:, because the amount of ornament and decoration increased dramatically. It corresponded roughly with the
1134:
1036:
687:
132:
5487:
3299:
moulding of the windows, and the upper portion is subdivided by additional mullions (supermullions) and
2847:
1129:, wide arcades of columns and pillars, which supported the weight of the ceiling vaults through the ribs
5764:
5754:
5703:
5653:
5190:
4819:
4032:
3737:
3607:
3556:
3070:
3019:
2883:
2635:
2460:; the chapter house (1260–96), nave and west front, including the Heart of Yorkshire window (1291–1375)
2139:
1799:
1248:, as well as floral and vegetal designs. Simple floral motifs also often appeared on the capitals, the
1150:. Gradually, pointed arches were used not only for rib vaults, but also for all of the arcades and for
929:, the style changed from the more massive severe Norman style to the more delicate and refined Gothic.
581:
4351:
An Attempt to Discriminate the Styles of Architecture in England: From the Conquest to the Reformation
1370:(1220–1266; not including decorated central tower, 1334–80 and Perpendicular crossing arches, 1388–95)
5759:
5282:
5180:
3470:
3464:
3403:; the east end (1340–1408), central tower (1420–72), Kings Screen (1420–22) and west towers (1433–72)
2415:), central tower (1307–11), and upper part of the south transept, including the Bishop's Eye window (
1650:
1334:
and chapter house (1192–1255; not including the "Angel Choir", south transept, towers, and cloisters)
3088:. The sinuous lines of the tracery in the Decorated style were replaced by more geometric forms and
2026:
210:
rebuilt the choir in the new Gothic style between 1175 and 1180. The transition can also be seen at
5847:
5708:
5569:
5544:
3492:
3226:
3108:
1738:
1664:
922:
412:
408:
4965:
4442:(2016) . "Architecture, Gothic Revival". In Hughes, William; Punter, David; Smith, Andrew (eds.).
2581:
2155:
within the stained glass windows. The elaborate windows are subdivided by closely spaced parallel
178:, completed in 1144. The earliest large-scale applications of Gothic architecture in England were
5530:
5089:
5049:
4811:
4192:
3975:
3882:
3851:
3783:
3457:
3300:
1768:
1276:
187:
4884:
4798:
4712:
4527:
840:
194:). The first cathedral in England to be both planned and built entirely in the Gothic style was
5749:
5624:
5614:
5604:
5599:
5422:
5195:
5123:
5118:
3847:
3768:
3741:
3539:
3080:
The interiors of Perpendicular churches were filled with lavish ornamental woodwork, including
2202:
1345:
1284:
1181:, where groups of two lancet windows line the nave and groups of three line the clerestory. At
1016:
917:
predominated from the late 12th century until midway to late in the 13th century, It succeeded
738:
508:
5804:
5594:
5574:
5391:
3967:
3901:
3886:
3818:
3733:
3622:
3597:
3563:
3344:
disappeared, or its place was filled with panelling, and greater importance was given to the
3242:
2738:
2695:
2062:
1617:
1280:
1272:
585:
485:
371:
354:
315:
288:
4878:
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
4521:
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
1982:
1275:
with alternating fillets and rolls, and by the decoration of the hollows with the dog-tooth
5417:
5113:
4378:
4305:
4258:
4118:
4075:
3939:
3721:
3525:
3451:
3431:
3408:
3390:
3266:
3156:
3141:
3116:
3054:
3011:
3002:
2942:
2927:
2815:
2798:
2753:
2679:
2557:
2543:
2498:
2134:
2103:
2094:
1557:
1395:
1323:
1316:
1299:
1008:
945:
906:
813:
492:
343:
265:
179:
171:
167:
152:
84:
5482:
4966:"TATTERSHALL - The Collegiate Holy Trinity Church, Tattershall, Lincolnshire - HTTF Trust"
2703:
507:
and the role of master-mason was displaced by that of the early modern architect. The new
67:
8:
5554:
5207:
5159:
4042:
3999:
3603:
3438:
3423:
3274:
3187:
3171:
3058:
2602:
2512:
2477:
2426:
2313:
2262:
2223:
2119:
1957:
1866:
1512:
1497:
1402:
1366:
1352:
1338:
1268:
1186:
1178:
1104:
1088:
1084:
976:
918:
798:
678:
633:
618:
596:
533:
499:
was so extensive that the numbers of workers employed broke the monopoly of the medieval
476:
326:
299:
191:
156:
128:
120:
4773:
1788:
style (from about 1290 or 1315 until 1350 or 1360) which used gracefully curving lines.
5822:
5817:
5673:
5564:
4791:
4439:
3971:
3445:
3112:
2912:
2398:
2391:
2297:
2183:, (about 1350). Another notable example of decorated curvilinear is the west window of
2180:
1941:
1719:
1359:
1125:
a wider covered arcade, in the middle; and, on the ground floor, on either side of the
723:
589:
521:
404:
160:
108:
5549:
5619:
5579:
5369:
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4202:
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4130:
4079:
4022:
3860:
3798:
3672:
3567:
3532:
3416:
3211:
3120:
3023:
2987:
2835:
2620:
2491:
2484:
2405:
2383:
2336:
2017:
2003:
1700:
1646:
1481:
1466:
1416:
1381:
1330:
1224:
1212:
1064:
783:
663:
183:
148:
79:
1211:
or ribs of stone which divided the windows into elaborate geometric patterns, as at
5359:
5254:
5249:
4374:
4301:
4254:
4122:
4071:
3744:. A similar system, with arched trusses, was used in the roof of Wexham Cathedral.
3729:
3644:
3356:
3207:
2972:
2831:
2616:
2528:
2317:
2246:
1587:
1409:
1147:
961:
891:
876:
693:
512:
480:
255:
211:
4126:
3095:
The style was also affected by the tragic history of the period, particularly the
5827:
5784:
5584:
5076:
4470:
4443:
4412:
4349:
3725:
3717:
3640:
3518:
3035:
2957:
2649:
2587:
2465:
2332:
1926:
1704:
1683:
1631:
1572:
1527:
1308:
1155:
1032:
1012:
972:
949:
832:
768:
753:
565:
222:, the style was used for many secular buildings, including university buildings,
207:
195:
56:
2387:(transitional; 1245–72, east end, transept & chapter house; 1376–1400, nave)
5837:
5244:
4496:
4345:
3963:
3909:
3497:
2853:
2505:
2448:
2089:
1753:
1734:
1679:
1427:
1264:
1151:
941:
861:
545:
541:
500:
496:
400:
277:
203:
4929:
4814:(1978) puts the earliest example of a fully formed Perpendicular style at the
1121:, with arched windows which admitted light on top, under the roof vaults; the
5876:
5286:
4901:. Vol. 21 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 179–180.
4892:
4879:
4815:
4720:
4707:
4535:
4522:
3905:
3292:
3089:
3015:
2897:
2520:
2470:
2352:
2281:
2107:
2075:
2071:
1911:
1896:
1851:
1388:
1192:
1173:
1117:
of early Gothic cathedrals had three levels, each of about equal height; the
983:
937:
828:
648:
516:
430:
219:
199:
144:
4216:
3535:; the south transept, western front, central tower and cloisters (1493–1530)
5799:
5272:
5061:
3954:
3700:
set into the walls. The rafters were supported by more solid beams, called
3399:
3321:
were frequently enclosed within a square head over the arch mouldings, the
3270:
3050:
3031:
3027:
2868:
2783:
2709:
2456:
2368:
2184:
1988:
1805:
1602:
1542:
1422:
1374:
1182:
944:
had been constructed, the first Gothic cathedral in France. The chancel of
846:
708:
5499:
3295:
craftsmen. The mullions of the windows are carried vertically up into the
5812:
5317:
5297:
4196:
4160:
3504:
3496:(1474–90, including old library, chapel, cloisters, and founder's tower;
3441:(1380–1400; including chapel, hall, Great Quad, cloisters and bell-tower)
3376:
3372:
3278:
3104:
3096:
3085:
3081:
2394:(1245–1398; the outer walls are Early English and predate a fire in 1292)
2194:
2176:
2032:
1219:
1139:
1060:
573:
561:
557:
416:
227:
5070:
3412:; the west front (1346–66), and nave (1399–1419, remodel of Norman work)
3026:
in 1332. The early style was also practised by another royal architect,
2151:. Decorated architecture is particularly characterised by the elaborate
1312:(1176–1260; western towers added in the Perpendicular period, 1365–1435)
5832:
5809:
5688:
5609:
5292:
5072:
English Church Architecture of the Middle Ages - an Elementary Handbook
4729:. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 915.
4544:. Vol. 8 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 798.
3545:
3345:
3334:
3326:
3304:
3191:
2768:
2537:
2168:
1836:
1245:
1196:
1118:
1040:
604:
569:
382:
5128:
3329:
or tracery. Pointed arches were still used throughout the period, but
3174:
cloister: mullions are reinforced with horizontal transoms (1404–1432)
1168:
arcades, and, in later cathedrals, outside the walls to the buttresses
5842:
5794:
5789:
5312:
5307:
4951:
4201:. Oswald, Arthur (Revised ed.). Gloucester: Sutton. p. 19.
3686:
3364:
3341:
2839:
2277:
2242:
2206:
2198:
2133:
vault. The earliest example, from 1373, is found in the cloisters of
2127:
2098:
1445:
1253:
1249:
1185:
the north transept has a cluster of five lancet windows known as the
1163:
1143:
1122:
1080:
1044:
967:
Another important innovation introduced in this early period was the
957:
926:
529:
235:
231:
215:
136:
3580:
First Quad (1511–20, including hall) & Second Quad (1598–1602),
2401:; north transept (transitional; 1245–68) and central tower (1300–10)
1440:
The second style of English Gothic architecture is generally termed
5412:
3843:
3764:
3593:
3322:
3311:
3265:
were built than in earlier periods. Important towers were built at
3261:
were an important feature of the perpendicular style, though fewer
3043:
2172:
2115:
1435:
1208:
1200:
968:
140:
4706:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
186:. Many features of Gothic architecture had evolved naturally from
5444:
4775:
The Seven Periods of English Architecture Defined and Illustrated
4414:
The Seven Periods of English Architecture Defined and Illustrated
3966:
than the Decorated style, but major examples include the rebuilt
3697:
3288:
3287:
became very large, sometimes of immense size, with slimmer stone
2238:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2147:
1362:; the lady chapel (1217–25) and upper part of the choir (1235–40)
1241:
1204:
1203:
and especially west façade. Many were elaborately decorated with
4654:
3859:
also used another distinctive Perpendicular Gothic feature, the
3303:, forming rectangular compartments, known as panel tracery. The
4171:(7th ed.). London: Laurence King Publishing. p. 376.
3693:
3368:
525:
223:
3993:
5852:
4594:
4592:
3705:
3360:
2451:
chapel, Oxford (1289–96; tower and ante-chapel added 1424–50)
2355:, rebuilt following the collapse of the central tower in 1321
2197:
and a four-leaved flower motif took the place of the earlier
175:
2371:(1338–39), featuring a motif known as the Heart of Yorkshire
536:
were important patrons of 17th-century Gothic construction.
282:
Attempt to Discriminate the Style of Architecture in England
4993:
3868:
3330:
3296:
3049:
Many churches were built with magnificent towers including
1772:
1189:; each is 50 feet tall and still retains its original glass
1126:
933:
214:, a Norman building which was remodelled with the earliest
4589:
488:
incorporating Gothic features, particularly for churches.
241:
Stylistic periodisations of the English Gothic style are
159:. The Gothic style endured in England much longer than in
4983:
4981:
4979:
4832:
4830:
4828:
4637:
4635:
4633:
4566:
4564:
3107:, a Renaissance ornament, was installed in the chapel of
568:
and to replace many of the medieval features lost in the
4475:(definitive 1882 ed.). Cambridge University Press.
4969:
4618:
4371:
A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture
4298:
A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture
4068:
A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture
3281:
were a popular decoration of towers in smaller churches
2494:; the chapter house (1293–1300), and pulpitum (1320–35)
1419:; the chapter house (1249–65) and lady chapel (1265–90)
491:
Classical-inspired architecture predominated after the
198:, begun in 1175. Other features were imported from the
4976:
4825:
4665:
4630:
4561:
1195:
windows began to be widely used in the windows of the
1158:(1175–1260), but they were soon used in all cathedrals
1039:
exclusively in the ceiling vaults, the windows of the
4677:
4448:. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 40–45.
4354:(5th ed.). London: J. H. Parker. pp. lxiii.
2930:
east end (1331–1350), with a four-centred arch window
2408:; the Angel Choir and east end (1256–80), cloisters (
3989:
3426:, the central tower (1374) and cloisters (1375–1438)
3291:
than in earlier periods, allowing greater scope for
2652:, Wiltshire, west front: Decorated and Perpendicular
2623:(1503–), with Perpendicular tracery and blind panels
2538:
Perpendicular Gothic (late 13th to mid-16th century)
2429:; the nave and west front (1265–93), central tower (
1132:
The most distinctive element of this period was the
605:
Early English Gothic (late 12th–late 13th centuries)
4741:"Work Minster Fact Sheets: The Five Sisters Window"
3962:The Perpendicular style was less often used in the
3315:
and wall surfaces were divided into vertical panels
1303:(1174–84) rebuilt by French masons following a fire
403:, the prevailing Gothic style is commonly known as
4790:
4245:Schurr, Marc Carel (2010), Bork, Robert E. (ed.),
4008:Architecture of the medieval cathedrals of England
3073:. Another outstanding example of Perpendicular is
4495:According to the originator of the term in 1817,
4365:Curl, James Stevens; Wilson, Susan, eds. (2015),
4292:Curl, James Stevens; Wilson, Susan, eds. (2015),
4062:Curl, James Stevens; Wilson, Susan, eds. (2015),
3307:window was a particular feature of English Gothic
964:, the first time it was used this way in Europe.
5874:
3692:The simpler Gothic roofs were supported by long
1436:Decorated Gothic (late 13th–late 14th centuries)
550:Principles of Gothic Ecclesiastical Architecture
5083:
4999:
3704:, which were carried at their ends by the roof
2097:became much more elaborate in this period. The
456:Rickman's second Gothic style divided into the
5114:Britain Express: Decorated Gothic architecture
5515:
5144:
4159:
3855:battlements, rather than from church models.
4509:
4507:
4505:
4445:The Encyclopedia of the Gothic, 2 Volume Set
2193:also became more ornate and decorative. The
2137:. It made a notable backdrop in some of the
2048:Church of St Mary Magdalene, Newark-on-Trent
1091:at the meeting point of the ribs (1220–1258)
1031:The three levels of the nave (1192–1230) of
218:known. Besides cathedrals, monasteries, and
5529:
5084:Martin, G. H.; Highfield, J. R. L. (1997).
4866:
4864:
4862:
4860:
4733:
4694:
4692:
3590:(1515–et seq.; including hall & chapel)
3277:, and on many smaller churches. Decorative
2110:have notable lierne vaults from this period
202:, where the first French Gothic cathedral,
5522:
5508:
5151:
5137:
4842:
4582:Encyclopaedia Britannica on-line edition,
4364:
4291:
4061:
2261:Early buttresses, topped by pinnacles, at
1142:, which was the key feature of the Gothic
5893:Gothic architecture in the United Kingdom
5038:, (1988), Flammarion, Paris (in French);
4948:"Chapel | King's College, Cambridge"
4554:Some sources use the dates 1189 to 1272.
4502:
4417:. London: E. & F. N. Spon. p. 8.
4373:(3rd ed.), Oxford University Press,
4300:(3rd ed.), Oxford University Press,
4070:(3rd ed.), Oxford University Press,
2118:became more common in this period, as at
435:The Seven Periods of English Architecture
5344:Gothic secular and domestic architecture
5015:
4857:
4797:. Yale: Yale University Press. pp.
4689:
4624:
4251:The Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages
4018:Cathedral architecture of Western Europe
3869:Gothic Revival (19th and 20th centuries)
3570:(1503–09; heavily restored in the 1860s)
2222:Decorated ornament on the west porch of
1326:(1189–93; not including the lady chapel)
1103:Lancet windows in the north transept of
479:, the stylistic language of the ancient
407:. This style is ultimately succeeded by
5158:
4344:
3503:Collegiate Church of the Holy Trinity,
3241:Fan vaulting outside the great hall of
2300:, with curvilinear tracery (about 1350)
14:
5898:12th-century establishments in England
5875:
5048:
4883:
4848:
4788:
4782:
4771:
4711:
4683:
4526:
4468:
4410:
4244:
4232:Architecture des Cathédrales Gothiques
4229:
4191:
4104:
3610:(1599–1608; including hall and chapel)
3030:, and fully developed in the works of
1059:The Dean's Eye Window, a rare English
5503:
5132:
5124:Britain Express – Architectural Guide
5119:Britain Express – Architectural Guide
5068:
4987:
4836:
4671:
4641:
4570:
4555:
4434:
4432:
4430:
4428:
4426:
4424:
4406:
4404:
4115:Royal Institute of British Architects
3850:, constructed between 1288 and 1378.
2666:Collegiate Church of St Mary, Warwick
2531:(1328–42; Image Screen added 1346–75)
2439:Little Wenham Hall, Suffolk (1270–80)
1223:were relatively rare in England, but
1047:, and the arcades on the ground floor
131:architecture's defining features are
5470:
4438:
4379:10.1093/acref/9780199674985.001.0001
4340:
4338:
4336:
4306:10.1093/acref/9780199674985.001.0001
4259:10.1093/acref/9780198662624.001.0001
4076:10.1093/acref/9780199674985.001.0001
4028:English Gothic stained glass windows
3750:
3577:(1505–11; including chapel and hall)
3126:
2082:
449:Rickman's first Gothic style as the
5338:List of Gothic cathedrals in Europe
5086:A history of Merton College, Oxford
4499:, the period ran from 1189 to 1307.
3659:Section of a hammerbeam timber roof
1267:, surrounding a central pillar, or
621:(1220–1258) (tower and spire later)
24:
4950:. 30 November 2012. Archived from
4606:from the original on 3 August 2019
4469:Bloxam, Matthew Holbeche (2015) .
4421:
4401:
4358:
4098:
2573:St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle
2316:joining the ribs of the vaults of
1496:The vault of the chapter house at
1256:that joined the ribs of the vaults
993:
25:
5949:
5107:
4930:"Our History | Eton College"
4333:
4285:
4238:
4153:
4055:
3970:(i.e. the Houses of Parliament),
3724:. The most famous example of the
3696:of light wood, resting on wooden
3512: 1490 – 1500
1306:transept, nave and west front of
437:(1851), identified a pre-Gothic
399:From the 15th century, under the
5633:
5481:
5469:
5458:
5457:
4871:
4699:
4514:
3992:
3947:
3932:
3917:
3894:
3875:
3857:King's College Chapel, Cambridge
3826:
3810:
3803:King's College Chapel, Cambridge
3791:
3776:
3757:
3664:
3652:
3633:
3621:
3478:King's College Chapel, Cambridge
3234:
3219:
3200:
3179:
3164:
3149:
3133:
3103:appear in the English Gothic. A
3075:King's College Chapel, Cambridge
2995:
2980:
2965:
2950:
2935:
2920:
2905:
2890:
2876:
2861:
2846:
2823:
2808:
2791:
2776:
2761:
2746:
2731:
2717:
2702:
2687:
2672:
2657:
2642:
2628:
2609:
2595:
2580:
2565:
2550:
2360:
2344:
2325:
2305:
2289:
2270:
2254:
2231:
2215:
2055:
2040:
2025:
2010:
1996:
1981:
1964:
1949:
1934:
1919:
1904:
1889:
1874:
1859:
1844:
1828:
1813:
1798:
1761:
1746:
1727:
1712:
1693:
1672:
1657:
1639:
1624:
1610:
1595:
1580:
1565:
1550:
1535:
1520:
1505:
1489:
1474:
1459:
1096:
1072:
1052:
1024:
1000:
899:
884:
869:
854:
839:
821:
806:
791:
776:
761:
746:
731:
716:
701:
686:
671:
656:
641:
626:
611:
460:period (1245–1315) and then the
276:The architect and art historian
90:King's College Chapel, Cambridge
66:
55:
44:
5928:England in the High Middle Ages
5009:
4968:. 15 April 2012. Archived from
4958:
4940:
4922:
4905:
4805:
4765:
4647:
4576:
4548:
4489:
4462:
3600:(1525–29, including great hall)
3022:, built by the royal architect
421:
387:
376:
359:
348:
331:
320:
304:
293:
262:(late 13th–late 14th centuries)
252:(late 12th–late 13th centuries)
5888:Gothic architecture in England
5334:Gothic cathedrals and churches
5277:List of Brick Gothic buildings
4247:"art and architecture: Gothic"
4223:
4185:
4111:Sir Banister Fletcher Glossary
3980:St. Andrew's Cathedral, Sydney
3588:Corpus Christi College, Oxford
3524:presbytery and lady chapel at
3484:Old Court, hall and chapel of
1035:, the first in England to use
578:Dissolution of the Monasteries
27:Architectural style in Britain
13:
1:
4127:10.5040/9781350122741.1001816
4048:
3582:St. John's College, Cambridge
3508:
3382:
3246:
2443:St Wulfram's Church, Grantham
2430:
2416:
2409:
2376:
2245:and sculptural decoration on
1087:, with a simple carved stone
982:Early English is typified by
467:Rickman's third style as the
4600:"Durham World Heritage Site"
4105:Fraser, Murray, ed. (2018),
3835:St John's College, Cambridge
3371:was used, especially in the
2945:crossing tower and transepts
1972:Old Grammar School, Coventry
505:Worshipful Company of Masons
429:Architect and art historian
7:
5883:English Gothic architecture
5408:Building a Gothic cathedral
5375:Gothic Revival architecture
5020:(in French). Paris: Payot.
5000:Martin & Highfield 1997
4253:, Oxford University Press,
4038:Gothic Revival architecture
4013:Building a Gothic cathedral
3985:
3925:St Mary's Cathedral, Sydney
3575:Christ's College, Cambridge
3063:St Botolph's Church, Boston
2527:the nave and west front at
2511:the nave and west front at
2436:) and Lady Chapel (1320–36)
1882:St Botolph's Church, Boston
1515:chapter house and cloisters
1291:
190:(often known in England as
33:English Gothic architecture
10:
5954:
5069:Smith, A. Freeman (1922).
5036:Caractéristique des Styles
5018:Les Racines des Cathédrals
4586:(retrieved April 19, 2020)
4033:French Gothic architecture
3817:East range of First Quad,
3738:Trinity College, Cambridge
3608:Trinity College, Cambridge
3557:St Mary Magdalene, Taunton
3500:, Oxford, built 1492–1509)
3486:Queens' College, Cambridge
3071:St Mary Magdalene, Taunton
2884:St Mary Magdalene, Taunton
2636:New College Chapel, Oxford
2541:
1821:St Mary's Church, Nantwich
1469:north transept rose window
582:Wars of the Three Kingdoms
5923:16th-century architecture
5918:15th-century architecture
5913:14th-century architecture
5908:13th-century architecture
5903:12th-century architecture
5861:
5742:
5714:National Trust properties
5642:
5631:
5537:
5453:
5400:
5352:
5326:
5283:Early Gothic architecture
5265:
5166:
5016:Bechmann, Roland (2017).
3553:St Giles' Church, Wrexham
3471:Eton College Chapel, Eton
3465:All Souls College, Oxford
3463:Front Quad and chapel of
3067:St Giles' Church, Wrexham
3005:spire
2725:St Giles' Church, Wrexham
2367:The great west window of
2351:The octagon and lantern,
2050:, south aisle west window
1651:North Riding of Yorkshire
1408:Chapel of Nine Altars at
1337:east end and transept of
1315:clerestory and vaults of
584:. In the process of this
441:(1145–90), following the
104:
96:
37:
5848:English landscape garden
4411:Sharpe, Edmund (1871) .
4230:Mignon, Olivier (2015).
3614:
3493:Magdalen College, Oxford
3367:decoration in flint and
3363:architecture, elaborate
3111:, Cambridge. During the
1956:Prior Crauden's Chapel,
552:first appeared in 1829.
413:Renaissance architecture
409:Elizabethan architecture
5933:Architecture in England
5531:Architecture of England
5090:Oxford University Press
4898:Encyclopædia Britannica
4851:The Perpendicular Style
4820:Old St Paul's Cathedral
4772:Sharpe, Edmund (1871).
4726:Encyclopædia Britannica
4541:Encyclopædia Britannica
3976:Wills Memorial Building
3883:Wills Memorial Building
3852:Balliol College, Oxford
3784:Balliol College, Oxford
3458:Divinity School, Oxford
3229:, Cambridge (1446–1515)
3020:Old St Paul's Cathedral
1854:Lady chapel (1321–1351)
726:(1079–1250) lady chapel
586:Victorian "restoration"
503:of stonemasons and the
188:Romanesque architecture
143:, and extensive use of
125:cathedrals and churches
5600:Strawberry Hill Gothic
5423:Medieval stained glass
4169:A World History of Art
4107:"Perpendicular Gothic"
3848:Merton College, Oxford
3769:Merton College, Oxford
3641:Hammerbeam timber roof
3540:Peterborough Cathedral
3340:Inside the church the
2163:, typically including
1346:Peterborough Cathedral
1017:William the Englishman
739:Peterborough Cathedral
495:The rebuilding of the
5392:High Victorian Gothic
4885:Spiers, Richard Phené
4849:Harvey, John (1978).
4789:Frankl, Paul (2000).
4778:. E. and F. N. Spon;
4713:Spiers, Richard Phené
4528:Spiers, Richard Phené
3968:Palace of Westminster
3902:Palace of Westminster
3887:University of Bristol
3819:Oriel College, Oxford
3734:Christ Church, Oxford
3598:Christ Church, Oxford
3564:Henry VII Lady Chapel
3243:Christ Church, Oxford
3227:King's College Chapel
3159:cloisters (1370–1412)
3109:King's College Chapel
2990:spire and west window
2786:chancel, looking west
2739:Merton College Chapel
2696:Christ Church, Oxford
2476:the chapter house at
2201:. The foliage in the
2063:Bury St Edmunds Abbey
2020:south transept window
1793:Curvilinear Decorated
1665:St Mary's Abbey, York
1618:Merton College Chapel
1401:the chapter house at
1238:Sculptural decoration
1138:, (also known as the
909:'s entrance and tower
486:Jacobean architecture
316:Richard the Lionheart
289:William the Conqueror
272:(14th–17th centuries)
5694:Renaissance theatres
5674:Round-tower churches
5418:International Gothic
4954:on 30 November 2012.
4889:Perpendicular Period
4532:Early English Period
4119:University of London
3955:Tower Bridge, London
3940:Manchester Town Hall
3722:Winchester Cathedral
3526:Winchester Cathedral
3452:Manchester Cathedral
3432:Canterbury Cathedral
3409:Winchester Cathedral
3391:Gloucester Cathedral
3337:were also introduced
3267:Gloucester Cathedral
3190:, Cambridge, with a
3157:Gloucester Cathedral
3142:Gloucester Cathedral
3055:Gloucester Cathedral
3012:Perpendicular Gothic
3003:Chichester Cathedral
2943:Canterbury Cathedral
2928:Gloucester Cathedral
2816:Winchester Cathedral
2799:Canterbury Cathedral
2754:Gloucester Cathedral
2680:Manchester Cathedral
2558:Winchester Cathedral
2544:Perpendicular Gothic
2499:St. Albans Cathedral
2135:Gloucester Cathedral
2104:Gloucester Cathedral
1914:crossing and lantern
1835:St Andrew's Church,
1769:St Augustine's Abbey
1558:Chichester Cathedral
1396:St. Albans Cathedral
1324:Winchester Cathedral
1317:Chichester Cathedral
1300:Canterbury Cathedral
1279:and by the circular
1009:Canterbury Cathedral
946:Canterbury Cathedral
915:Early English Gothic
907:Gloucester Cathedral
814:Winchester Cathedral
493:Great Fire of London
266:Perpendicular Gothic
180:Canterbury Cathedral
172:Abbey of Saint-Denis
153:Canterbury Cathedral
85:Canterbury Cathedral
18:Early English Gothic
5938:Gothic architecture
5664:Medieval cathedrals
5659:Abbeys and priories
5160:Gothic architecture
4934:www.etoncollege.com
4793:Gothic Architecture
4753:on 15 November 2017
4440:Curl, James Stevens
4193:Harvey, John Hooper
4000:Architecture portal
3680:The pitched Gothic
3538:the retro-choir at
3439:New College, Oxford
3424:Worcester Cathedral
3275:Worcester Cathedral
3188:Trinity Great Court
3172:Worcester Cathedral
3059:Worcester Cathedral
2838:(1503–) painted by
2756:, choir and chancel
2603:Eton College Chapel
2513:Worcester Cathedral
2497:the Lady chapel at
2478:Salisbury Cathedral
2427:Lichfield Cathedral
2263:Lichfield Cathedral
2224:Lichfield Cathedral
2120:Lichfield Cathedral
1867:Lichfield Cathedral
1513:Salisbury Cathedral
1498:Salisbury Cathedral
1454:Geometric Decorated
1403:Lichfield Cathedral
1367:Salisbury Cathedral
1353:Worcester Cathedral
1339:Rochester Cathedral
1187:Five Sisters window
1179:Salisbury Cathedral
1105:Salisbury Cathedral
1085:Salisbury Cathedral
1043:and arcades of the
977:Lichfield Cathedral
919:Norman Architecture
799:Worcester Cathedral
679:Worcester Cathedral
634:Salisbury Cathedral
619:Salisbury Cathedral
597:Salisbury Cathedral
534:university colleges
509:St Paul's Cathedral
477:English Renaissance
439:Transitional Period
192:Norman architecture
157:Salisbury Cathedral
121:architectural style
34:
5823:Dartmoor longhouse
5818:Wealden hall house
5054:English Cathedrals
3972:Bristol University
3628:A queen-post truss
3448:, Hants. (1387–94)
3446:Winchester College
3353:Flint architecture
3325:being filled with
3113:Elizabethan Period
2913:Bridlington Priory
2664:Beauchamp Chapel,
2399:Hereford Cathedral
2392:Carlisle Cathedral
2298:Carlisle Cathedral
2181:Carlisle Cathedral
1942:Carlisle Cathedral
1720:Hereford Cathedral
1373:great transept of
1360:Hereford Cathedral
1161:The Early English
724:Hereford Cathedral
590:James Stevens Curl
522:ancient university
464:period (1315–1360)
405:Tudor architecture
161:Continental Europe
109:Kingdom of England
32:
5870:
5869:
5780:Brighton and Hove
5669:Former cathedrals
5620:Bristol Byzantine
5497:
5496:
5370:Dissenting Gothic
5365:Collegiate Gothic
5027:978-2-228-90651-7
4990:, pp. 63–71.
4972:on 15 April 2012.
4917:978-1-59803-345-8
4839:, pp. 53–62.
4674:, pp. 45–47.
4659:Lincoln Cathedral
4644:, pp. 71–73.
4573:, pp. 35–45.
4482:978-1-108-08270-9
4455:978-1-119-06460-2
4388:978-0-19-967498-5
4315:978-0-19-967498-5
4268:978-0-19-866262-4
4234:. pp. 10–11.
4136:978-1-350-12274-1
4085:978-0-19-967498-5
4023:Collegiate Gothic
3861:four-centred arch
3786:front quad (1431)
3751:University Gothic
3673:St Katharine Cree
3568:Westminster Abbey
3533:Chester Cathedral
3417:Norwich Cathedral
3333:and four-centred
3212:Westminster Abbey
3121:Westminster Abbey
3024:William de Ramsey
2988:Norwich Cathedral
2836:Westminster Abbey
2621:Westminster Abbey
2492:Southwell Minster
2485:Bristol Cathedral
2406:Lincoln Cathedral
2384:Westminster Abbey
2337:Bristol Cathedral
2333:transverse arches
2018:Chester Cathedral
2004:Walsingham Priory
1701:Southwell Minster
1647:Gisborough Priory
1482:Westminster Abbey
1467:Westminster Abbey
1417:Chester Cathedral
1382:Southwell Minster
1331:Lincoln Cathedral
1225:Lincoln Cathedral
1213:Lincoln Cathedral
1065:Lincoln Cathedral
784:Lincoln Cathedral
664:Southwell Minster
564:aesthetic of the
184:Westminster Abbey
149:Westminster Abbey
114:
113:
80:Lincoln Cathedral
16:(Redirected from
5945:
5709:Church monuments
5699:Listed buildings
5637:
5524:
5517:
5510:
5501:
5500:
5485:
5473:
5472:
5461:
5460:
5401:Related articles
5360:Carpenter Gothic
5153:
5146:
5139:
5130:
5129:
5103:
5080:
5065:
5034:Ducher, Robert,
5031:
5003:
4997:
4991:
4985:
4974:
4973:
4962:
4956:
4955:
4944:
4938:
4937:
4926:
4920:
4909:
4903:
4902:
4877:
4875:
4874:
4868:
4855:
4854:
4846:
4840:
4834:
4823:
4809:
4803:
4802:
4796:
4786:
4780:
4779:
4769:
4763:
4762:
4760:
4758:
4752:
4746:. Archived from
4745:
4737:
4731:
4730:
4717:Decorated Period
4705:
4703:
4702:
4696:
4687:
4681:
4675:
4669:
4663:
4662:
4651:
4645:
4639:
4628:
4622:
4616:
4615:
4613:
4611:
4596:
4587:
4580:
4574:
4568:
4559:
4558:, pp. 35–45
4552:
4546:
4545:
4520:
4518:
4517:
4511:
4500:
4493:
4487:
4486:
4466:
4460:
4459:
4436:
4419:
4418:
4408:
4399:
4398:
4397:
4395:
4362:
4356:
4355:
4342:
4331:
4330:
4324:
4322:
4289:
4283:
4282:
4277:
4275:
4242:
4236:
4235:
4227:
4221:
4220:
4189:
4183:
4182:
4157:
4151:
4150:
4145:
4143:
4102:
4096:
4095:
4094:
4092:
4059:
4043:Poor Man's Bible
4002:
3997:
3996:
3951:
3936:
3921:
3898:
3879:
3830:
3814:
3795:
3780:
3761:
3730:Westminster Hall
3668:
3656:
3645:Westminster Hall
3637:
3625:
3521:(1475 – c. 1580)
3513:
3510:
3507:, Lincolnshire (
3357:Southern England
3251:
3248:
3238:
3223:
3214:(completed 1519)
3208:Henry VII Chapel
3204:
3183:
3168:
3153:
3137:
2999:
2984:
2973:Beverley Minster
2969:
2954:
2939:
2924:
2909:
2894:
2880:
2865:
2850:
2832:Henry VII Chapel
2827:
2812:
2795:
2780:
2765:
2750:
2735:
2721:
2706:
2691:
2676:
2661:
2646:
2632:
2617:Henry VII Chapel
2613:
2599:
2584:
2569:
2554:
2529:Exeter Cathedral
2435:
2432:
2421:
2418:
2414:
2411:
2364:
2348:
2335:in the aisle of
2329:
2318:Exeter Cathedral
2309:
2293:
2274:
2258:
2247:Exeter Cathedral
2235:
2219:
2171:. The style was
2074:; the architect
2059:
2044:
2029:
2014:
2000:
1985:
1968:
1953:
1938:
1923:
1908:
1893:
1878:
1863:
1848:
1832:
1817:
1802:
1765:
1750:
1731:
1716:
1697:
1676:
1661:
1643:
1628:
1614:
1599:
1588:Exeter Cathedral
1584:
1569:
1554:
1539:
1524:
1509:
1493:
1478:
1463:
1442:Decorated Gothic
1410:Durham Cathedral
1351:the east end of
1297:the east end of
1265:Purbeck "marble"
1261:clustered column
1207:; that is, thin
1148:Durham Cathedral
1100:
1079:Early four-part
1076:
1056:
1028:
1004:
962:Durham Cathedral
903:
892:Durham Cathedral
888:
877:Lanercost Priory
873:
858:
843:
825:
810:
795:
780:
765:
750:
735:
720:
705:
694:Beverley Minster
690:
675:
660:
645:
630:
615:
513:Christopher Wren
481:classical orders
425:
424: 1558–1603
423:
391:
389:
380:
378:
363:
361:
352:
350:
335:
334: 1272–1307
333:
324:
322:
308:
306:
297:
295:
256:Decorated Gothic
212:Durham Cathedral
70:
59:
48:
35:
31:
21:
5953:
5952:
5948:
5947:
5946:
5944:
5943:
5942:
5873:
5872:
5871:
5866:
5857:
5828:Somerset towers
5785:Hammerbeam roof
5738:
5684:Historic houses
5645:
5638:
5629:
5585:English Baroque
5533:
5528:
5498:
5493:
5449:
5396:
5348:
5322:
5261:
5168:
5162:
5157:
5110:
5100:
5077:T. Fisher Unwin
5028:
5012:
5007:
5006:
4998:
4994:
4986:
4977:
4964:
4963:
4959:
4946:
4945:
4941:
4928:
4927:
4923:
4910:
4906:
4872:
4870:
4869:
4858:
4847:
4843:
4835:
4826:
4810:
4806:
4787:
4783:
4770:
4766:
4756:
4754:
4750:
4743:
4739:
4738:
4734:
4700:
4698:
4697:
4690:
4682:
4678:
4670:
4666:
4653:
4652:
4648:
4640:
4631:
4623:
4619:
4609:
4607:
4598:
4597:
4590:
4584:William of Sens
4581:
4577:
4569:
4562:
4553:
4549:
4515:
4513:
4512:
4503:
4494:
4490:
4483:
4467:
4463:
4456:
4437:
4422:
4409:
4402:
4393:
4391:
4389:
4363:
4359:
4346:Rickman, Thomas
4343:
4334:
4320:
4318:
4316:
4290:
4286:
4273:
4271:
4269:
4243:
4239:
4228:
4224:
4209:
4190:
4186:
4179:
4158:
4154:
4141:
4139:
4137:
4103:
4099:
4090:
4088:
4086:
4064:"Perpendicular"
4060:
4056:
4051:
3998:
3991:
3988:
3978:(1915–25), and
3958:
3952:
3943:
3937:
3928:
3922:
3913:
3899:
3890:
3880:
3871:
3837:
3831:
3822:
3815:
3806:
3796:
3787:
3781:
3772:
3762:
3753:
3747:
3728:is the roof of
3726:Hammerbeam roof
3718:Hammerbeam roof
3676:
3669:
3660:
3657:
3648:
3638:
3629:
3626:
3617:
3519:Sherborne Abbey
3511:
3385:
3253:
3249:
3239:
3230:
3224:
3215:
3205:
3194:
3184:
3175:
3169:
3160:
3154:
3145:
3138:
3129:
3127:Characteristics
3036:William Wynford
3006:
3000:
2991:
2985:
2976:
2970:
2961:
2958:Wells Cathedral
2955:
2946:
2940:
2931:
2925:
2916:
2910:
2901:
2895:
2886:
2881:
2872:
2866:
2857:
2851:
2842:
2828:
2819:
2813:
2802:
2796:
2787:
2781:
2772:
2766:
2757:
2751:
2742:
2736:
2727:
2722:
2713:
2707:
2698:
2692:
2683:
2677:
2668:
2662:
2653:
2650:Edington Priory
2647:
2638:
2633:
2624:
2614:
2605:
2600:
2591:
2588:Sherborne Abbey
2585:
2576:
2570:
2561:
2555:
2546:
2540:
2471:strainer arches
2466:Wells Cathedral
2433:
2419:
2412:
2379:
2372:
2365:
2356:
2349:
2340:
2330:
2321:
2310:
2301:
2296:East window of
2294:
2285:
2280:on the roof of
2275:
2266:
2259:
2250:
2236:
2227:
2220:
2090:Lierne vaulting
2085:
2083:Characteristics
2066:
2060:
2051:
2045:
2036:
2030:
2021:
2015:
2006:
2001:
1992:
1986:
1975:
1969:
1960:
1954:
1945:
1939:
1930:
1927:Wells Cathedral
1924:
1915:
1909:
1900:
1894:
1885:
1879:
1870:
1864:
1855:
1849:
1840:
1833:
1824:
1818:
1809:
1803:
1776:
1766:
1757:
1751:
1742:
1732:
1723:
1717:
1708:
1707:, chapter house
1705:Nottinghamshire
1698:
1687:
1684:Nottinghamshire
1677:
1668:
1662:
1653:
1644:
1635:
1632:Ripon Cathedral
1629:
1620:
1615:
1606:
1600:
1591:
1585:
1576:
1573:Wells Cathedral
1570:
1561:
1555:
1546:
1540:
1531:
1528:Wells Cathedral
1525:
1516:
1510:
1501:
1494:
1485:
1479:
1470:
1464:
1438:
1322:retro-choir at
1309:Wells Cathedral
1294:
1283:or tops of the
1232:Square east end
1156:Wells Cathedral
1108:
1101:
1092:
1077:
1068:
1057:
1048:
1033:Wells Cathedral
1029:
1020:
1013:William of Sens
1005:
996:
994:Characteristics
973:flying buttress
950:William of Sens
910:
904:
895:
889:
880:
874:
865:
859:
850:
844:
835:
833:Fountains Abbey
826:
817:
811:
802:
796:
787:
781:
772:
769:Wells Cathedral
766:
757:
754:Wells Cathedral
751:
742:
736:
727:
721:
712:
706:
697:
691:
682:
676:
667:
661:
652:
646:
637:
631:
622:
616:
607:
566:Oxford Movement
420:
386:
375:
358:
347:
330:
319:
303:
292:
220:parish churches
208:William of Sens
196:Wells Cathedral
92:
87:
82:
76:
75:
74:
73:
72:
71:
62:
61:
60:
51:
50:
49:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5951:
5941:
5940:
5935:
5930:
5925:
5920:
5915:
5910:
5905:
5900:
5895:
5890:
5885:
5868:
5867:
5862:
5859:
5858:
5856:
5855:
5850:
5845:
5840:
5838:Portland stone
5835:
5830:
5825:
5820:
5815:
5807:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5787:
5782:
5777:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5752:
5746:
5744:
5740:
5739:
5737:
5736:
5731:
5726:
5721:
5716:
5711:
5706:
5701:
5696:
5691:
5686:
5681:
5676:
5671:
5666:
5661:
5656:
5650:
5648:
5640:
5639:
5632:
5630:
5628:
5627:
5622:
5617:
5612:
5607:
5602:
5597:
5592:
5587:
5582:
5577:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5560:English Gothic
5557:
5552:
5547:
5541:
5539:
5535:
5534:
5527:
5526:
5519:
5512:
5504:
5495:
5494:
5492:
5491:
5479:
5467:
5454:
5451:
5450:
5448:
5447:
5442:
5441:
5440:
5435:
5430:
5420:
5415:
5410:
5404:
5402:
5398:
5397:
5395:
5394:
5389:
5388:
5387:
5382:
5372:
5367:
5362:
5356:
5354:
5353:Gothic Revival
5350:
5349:
5347:
5346:
5341:
5330:
5328:
5324:
5323:
5321:
5320:
5315:
5310:
5305:
5300:
5295:
5290:
5280:
5269:
5267:
5263:
5262:
5260:
5259:
5258:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5237:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5217:
5216:
5215:
5210:
5200:
5199:
5198:
5188:
5183:
5178:
5172:
5170:
5164:
5163:
5156:
5155:
5148:
5141:
5133:
5127:
5126:
5121:
5116:
5109:
5108:External links
5106:
5105:
5104:
5098:
5081:
5066:
5046:
5032:
5026:
5011:
5008:
5005:
5004:
4992:
4975:
4957:
4939:
4921:
4904:
4893:Chisholm, Hugh
4856:
4841:
4824:
4804:
4781:
4764:
4732:
4721:Chisholm, Hugh
4688:
4686:, p. 163.
4676:
4664:
4646:
4629:
4627:, p. 295.
4617:
4588:
4575:
4560:
4547:
4536:Chisholm, Hugh
4501:
4497:Thomas Rickman
4488:
4481:
4461:
4454:
4420:
4400:
4387:
4357:
4332:
4314:
4284:
4267:
4237:
4222:
4207:
4184:
4177:
4152:
4135:
4097:
4084:
4053:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4046:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4004:
4003:
3987:
3984:
3964:Gothic Revival
3960:
3959:
3953:
3946:
3944:
3938:
3931:
3929:
3923:
3916:
3914:
3900:
3893:
3891:
3881:
3874:
3870:
3867:
3839:
3838:
3833:Second Court,
3832:
3825:
3823:
3816:
3809:
3807:
3797:
3790:
3788:
3782:
3775:
3773:
3763:
3756:
3752:
3749:
3678:
3677:
3670:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3651:
3649:
3639:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3620:
3616:
3613:
3612:
3611:
3601:
3591:
3584:
3578:
3573:*First Court,
3571:
3560:
3549:
3543:
3536:
3529:
3522:
3515:
3501:
3498:Magdalen Tower
3489:
3482:
3474:
3468:
3461:
3455:
3449:
3444:the chapel of
3442:
3436:
3427:
3420:
3413:
3404:
3395:
3384:
3381:
3380:
3379:
3355:. In areas of
3350:
3338:
3316:
3308:
3282:
3255:
3254:
3240:
3233:
3231:
3225:
3218:
3216:
3206:
3199:
3196:
3195:
3185:
3178:
3176:
3170:
3163:
3161:
3155:
3148:
3146:
3139:
3132:
3128:
3125:
3008:
3007:
3001:
2994:
2992:
2986:
2979:
2977:
2971:
2964:
2962:
2960:crossing tower
2956:
2949:
2947:
2941:
2934:
2932:
2926:
2919:
2917:
2911:
2904:
2902:
2896:
2889:
2887:
2882:
2875:
2873:
2871:crossing tower
2867:
2860:
2858:
2854:Magdalen Tower
2852:
2845:
2843:
2829:
2822:
2820:
2814:
2807:
2804:
2803:
2797:
2790:
2788:
2782:
2775:
2773:
2767:
2760:
2758:
2752:
2745:
2743:
2737:
2730:
2728:
2723:
2716:
2714:
2708:
2701:
2699:
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2686:
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2678:
2671:
2669:
2663:
2656:
2654:
2648:
2641:
2639:
2634:
2627:
2625:
2615:
2608:
2606:
2601:
2594:
2592:
2586:
2579:
2577:
2571:
2564:
2562:
2556:
2549:
2542:Main article:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2532:
2525:
2516:
2509:
2506:Alnwick Castle
2504:the chapel of
2502:
2495:
2488:
2481:
2474:
2461:
2452:
2449:Merton College
2446:
2440:
2437:
2423:
2402:
2395:
2388:
2378:
2375:
2374:
2373:
2366:
2359:
2357:
2350:
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2324:
2322:
2311:
2304:
2302:
2295:
2288:
2286:
2276:
2269:
2267:
2260:
2253:
2251:
2237:
2230:
2228:
2221:
2214:
2211:
2210:
2188:
2144:
2112:
2111:
2084:
2081:
2068:
2067:
2061:
2054:
2052:
2046:
2039:
2037:
2031:
2024:
2022:
2016:
2009:
2007:
2002:
1995:
1993:
1987:
1980:
1977:
1976:
1970:
1963:
1961:
1955:
1948:
1946:
1940:
1933:
1931:
1925:
1918:
1916:
1910:
1903:
1901:
1895:
1888:
1886:
1880:
1873:
1871:
1865:
1858:
1856:
1850:
1843:
1841:
1834:
1827:
1825:
1819:
1812:
1810:
1804:
1797:
1795:
1778:
1777:
1767:
1760:
1758:
1756:south transept
1754:Howden Minster
1752:
1745:
1743:
1739:East Yorkshire
1735:Howden Minster
1733:
1726:
1724:
1722:north transept
1718:
1711:
1709:
1699:
1692:
1689:
1688:
1680:Newstead Abbey
1678:
1671:
1669:
1663:
1656:
1654:
1645:
1638:
1636:
1630:
1623:
1621:
1616:
1609:
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1601:
1594:
1592:
1586:
1579:
1577:
1571:
1564:
1562:
1556:
1549:
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1541:
1534:
1532:
1526:
1519:
1517:
1511:
1504:
1502:
1495:
1488:
1486:
1480:
1473:
1471:
1465:
1458:
1456:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1430:
1428:Rievaulx Abbey
1425:
1420:
1413:
1406:
1399:
1394:presbytery of
1392:
1385:
1378:
1371:
1363:
1356:
1349:
1344:west front of
1342:
1335:
1327:
1320:
1313:
1304:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1288:
1287:of the columns
1257:
1235:
1229:
1216:
1190:
1169:
1159:
1152:lancet windows
1130:
1110:
1109:
1102:
1095:
1093:
1078:
1071:
1069:
1058:
1051:
1049:
1037:pointed arches
1030:
1023:
1021:
1006:
999:
995:
992:
984:lancet windows
960:, was used at
942:Sens Cathedral
912:
911:
905:
898:
896:
894:east transept
890:
883:
881:
875:
868:
866:
862:Rievaulx Abbey
860:
853:
851:
845:
838:
836:
827:
820:
818:
812:
805:
803:
797:
790:
788:
782:
775:
773:
767:
760:
758:
752:
745:
743:
737:
730:
728:
722:
715:
713:
711:south transept
707:
700:
698:
692:
685:
683:
677:
670:
668:
662:
655:
653:
647:
640:
638:
632:
625:
623:
617:
610:
606:
603:
572:phases of the
546:Matthew Bloxam
542:Gothic Revival
501:livery company
497:City of London
473:
472:
465:
454:
401:House of Tudor
397:
396:
390: 1509–47
379: 1377–99
368:
362: 1327–77
351: 1307–27
340:
323: 1189–99
313:
307: 1154–89
296: 1066–87
278:Thomas Rickman
274:
273:
263:
260:Second Pointed
253:
204:Sens Cathedral
133:pointed arches
117:English Gothic
112:
111:
106:
102:
101:
98:
94:
93:
77:
65:
64:
63:
54:
53:
52:
43:
42:
41:
40:
39:
38:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5950:
5939:
5936:
5934:
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5924:
5921:
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5909:
5906:
5904:
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5899:
5896:
5894:
5891:
5889:
5886:
5884:
5881:
5880:
5878:
5865:
5860:
5854:
5853:Cruck framing
5851:
5849:
5846:
5844:
5841:
5839:
5836:
5834:
5831:
5829:
5826:
5824:
5821:
5819:
5816:
5814:
5811:
5808:
5806:
5805:Country house
5803:
5801:
5798:
5796:
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5788:
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5778:
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5753:
5751:
5748:
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5745:
5741:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5727:
5725:
5724:Hindu temples
5722:
5720:
5717:
5715:
5712:
5710:
5707:
5705:
5702:
5700:
5697:
5695:
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5672:
5670:
5667:
5665:
5662:
5660:
5657:
5655:
5652:
5651:
5649:
5647:
5644:Buildings and
5641:
5636:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5618:
5616:
5613:
5611:
5608:
5606:
5603:
5601:
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5316:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5294:
5291:
5288:
5287:Romano-Gothic
5284:
5281:
5278:
5274:
5271:
5270:
5268:
5264:
5256:
5253:
5251:
5248:
5246:
5243:
5242:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5225:Low Countries
5223:
5221:
5218:
5214:
5211:
5209:
5206:
5205:
5204:
5201:
5197:
5194:
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5125:
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5112:
5111:
5101:
5099:0-19-920183-8
5095:
5091:
5087:
5082:
5078:
5074:
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5067:
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5059:
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5044:2-08-011539-1
5041:
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4931:
4925:
4918:
4914:
4908:
4900:
4899:
4894:
4890:
4886:
4881:
4880:public domain
4867:
4865:
4863:
4861:
4852:
4845:
4838:
4833:
4831:
4829:
4821:
4817:
4816:chapter house
4813:
4808:
4800:
4795:
4794:
4785:
4777:
4776:
4768:
4749:
4742:
4736:
4728:
4727:
4722:
4718:
4714:
4709:
4708:public domain
4695:
4693:
4685:
4680:
4673:
4668:
4660:
4656:
4650:
4643:
4638:
4636:
4634:
4626:
4625:Bechmann 2017
4621:
4605:
4601:
4595:
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4585:
4579:
4572:
4567:
4565:
4557:
4551:
4543:
4542:
4537:
4533:
4529:
4524:
4523:public domain
4510:
4508:
4506:
4498:
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4465:
4457:
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4353:
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4347:
4341:
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4329:
4317:
4311:
4307:
4303:
4299:
4295:
4288:
4281:
4270:
4264:
4260:
4256:
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4241:
4233:
4226:
4218:
4214:
4210:
4208:0-86299-452-7
4204:
4200:
4199:
4194:
4188:
4180:
4178:9781856695848
4174:
4170:
4166:
4165:Fleming, John
4162:
4156:
4149:
4138:
4132:
4128:
4124:
4120:
4116:
4112:
4108:
4101:
4087:
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4026:
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4019:
4016:
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4009:
4006:
4005:
4001:
3995:
3990:
3983:
3981:
3977:
3973:
3969:
3965:
3957:, (1886–1894)
3956:
3950:
3945:
3942:, (1868–1877)
3941:
3935:
3930:
3926:
3920:
3915:
3911:
3907:
3904:, rebuilt by
3903:
3897:
3892:
3888:
3884:
3878:
3873:
3872:
3866:
3864:
3862:
3858:
3853:
3849:
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3836:
3829:
3824:
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3808:
3804:
3800:
3794:
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3707:
3703:
3699:
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3646:
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3624:
3619:
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3462:
3459:
3456:
3453:
3450:
3447:
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3440:
3437:
3434:
3433:
3428:
3425:
3421:
3418:
3414:
3411:
3410:
3405:
3402:
3401:
3396:
3393:
3392:
3387:
3386:
3378:
3374:
3373:wool churches
3370:
3366:
3362:
3358:
3354:
3351:
3347:
3343:
3339:
3336:
3332:
3328:
3324:
3320:
3317:
3314:
3313:
3309:
3306:
3302:
3298:
3294:
3293:stained glass
3290:
3286:
3283:
3280:
3276:
3272:
3268:
3264:
3260:
3257:
3256:
3244:
3237:
3232:
3228:
3222:
3217:
3213:
3209:
3203:
3198:
3197:
3193:
3189:
3182:
3177:
3173:
3167:
3162:
3158:
3152:
3147:
3143:
3140:The choir of
3136:
3131:
3130:
3124:
3122:
3118:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3100:
3098:
3093:
3091:
3090:perpendicular
3087:
3083:
3078:
3076:
3072:
3068:
3064:
3060:
3056:
3052:
3047:
3045:
3039:
3037:
3033:
3029:
3025:
3021:
3017:
3016:chapter house
3013:
3004:
2998:
2993:
2989:
2983:
2978:
2974:
2968:
2963:
2959:
2953:
2948:
2944:
2938:
2933:
2929:
2923:
2918:
2914:
2908:
2903:
2899:
2898:Evesham Abbey
2893:
2888:
2885:
2879:
2874:
2870:
2864:
2859:
2855:
2849:
2844:
2841:
2837:
2833:
2826:
2821:
2817:
2811:
2806:
2805:
2800:
2794:
2789:
2785:
2779:
2774:
2770:
2764:
2759:
2755:
2749:
2744:
2740:
2734:
2729:
2726:
2720:
2715:
2711:
2705:
2700:
2697:
2690:
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2681:
2675:
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2660:
2655:
2651:
2645:
2640:
2637:
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2618:
2612:
2607:
2604:
2598:
2593:
2589:
2583:
2578:
2574:
2568:
2563:
2559:
2553:
2548:
2547:
2545:
2535:
2530:
2526:
2523:
2522:
2521:Ely Cathedral
2517:
2514:
2510:
2507:
2503:
2500:
2496:
2493:
2489:
2486:
2482:
2479:
2475:
2472:
2468:
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2396:
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2389:
2386:
2385:
2381:
2380:
2370:
2363:
2358:
2354:
2353:Ely Cathedral
2347:
2342:
2338:
2334:
2328:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2308:
2303:
2299:
2292:
2287:
2283:
2282:Ely Cathedral
2279:
2273:
2268:
2264:
2257:
2252:
2248:
2244:
2240:
2234:
2229:
2225:
2218:
2213:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2189:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2175:at first and
2174:
2170:
2166:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2149:
2145:
2142:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2129:
2125:
2124:
2123:
2121:
2117:
2109:
2108:Ely Cathedral
2105:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2091:
2087:
2086:
2080:
2077:
2076:Thomas Witney
2073:
2072:Ely Cathedral
2064:
2058:
2053:
2049:
2043:
2038:
2034:
2028:
2023:
2019:
2013:
2008:
2005:
1999:
1994:
1990:
1984:
1979:
1978:
1973:
1967:
1962:
1959:
1952:
1947:
1943:
1937:
1932:
1928:
1922:
1917:
1913:
1912:Ely Cathedral
1907:
1902:
1898:
1897:Ely Cathedral
1892:
1887:
1883:
1877:
1872:
1868:
1862:
1857:
1853:
1852:Ely Cathedral
1847:
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1418:
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1397:
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1389:Ely Cathedral
1386:
1383:
1379:
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1302:
1301:
1296:
1295:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1221:
1217:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1193:Stained glass
1191:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1175:
1174:lancet window
1170:
1166:
1165:
1160:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1136:
1131:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1115:vertical plan
1112:
1111:
1106:
1099:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1075:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1055:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1027:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1003:
998:
997:
991:
989:
985:
980:
978:
974:
970:
965:
963:
959:
953:
951:
947:
943:
939:
938:Ile-de-France
935:
930:
928:
924:
920:
916:
908:
902:
897:
893:
887:
882:
878:
872:
867:
863:
857:
852:
848:
842:
837:
834:
830:
829:Lancet window
824:
819:
815:
809:
804:
800:
794:
789:
785:
779:
774:
770:
764:
759:
755:
749:
744:
740:
734:
729:
725:
719:
714:
710:
704:
699:
695:
689:
684:
680:
674:
669:
665:
659:
654:
650:
649:Temple Church
644:
639:
635:
629:
624:
620:
614:
609:
608:
602:
600:
598:
593:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
553:
551:
547:
543:
537:
535:
531:
527:
523:
518:
517:Wren churches
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
489:
487:
482:
478:
470:
466:
463:
459:
455:
452:
451:Lancet Period
448:
447:
446:
444:
440:
436:
432:
431:Edmund Sharpe
427:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
395:
394:Perpendicular
384:
373:
369:
367:
356:
345:
341:
339:
338:Early English
328:
317:
314:
312:
301:
290:
287:
286:
285:
283:
279:
271:
270:Third Pointed
267:
264:
261:
257:
254:
251:
250:First Pointed
247:
246:Early English
244:
243:
242:
239:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
200:Ile-de-France
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
164:
162:
158:
154:
150:
146:
145:stained glass
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
110:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
86:
81:
69:
58:
47:
36:
30:
19:
5800:Bastle house
5679:Roman villas
5559:
5486:
5474:
5462:
5273:Brick Gothic
5185:
5085:
5071:
5056:. Batsford.
5053:
5050:Harvey, John
5035:
5017:
5010:Bibliography
4995:
4970:the original
4960:
4952:the original
4942:
4933:
4924:
4907:
4896:
4850:
4844:
4807:
4792:
4784:
4774:
4767:
4755:. Retrieved
4748:the original
4735:
4724:
4679:
4667:
4658:
4649:
4620:
4608:. Retrieved
4583:
4578:
4550:
4539:
4491:
4471:
4464:
4444:
4413:
4392:, retrieved
4370:
4360:
4350:
4326:
4319:, retrieved
4297:
4287:
4279:
4272:, retrieved
4250:
4240:
4231:
4225:
4197:
4187:
4168:
4161:Honour, Hugh
4155:
4147:
4140:, retrieved
4110:
4100:
4089:, retrieved
4067:
4057:
3961:
3865:
3840:
3746:
3715:
3709:
3701:
3691:
3681:
3679:
3586:Front Quad,
3491:
3476:
3430:
3407:
3400:York Minster
3398:
3389:
3352:
3335:Tudor arches
3318:
3310:
3284:
3271:York Minster
3262:
3258:
3101:
3094:
3079:
3051:York Minster
3048:
3040:
3032:Henry Yevele
3028:John Sponlee
3009:
2869:York Minster
2784:York Minster
2710:Hull Minster
2534:
2519:
2483:east end of
2464:
2457:York Minster
2455:
2382:
2369:York Minster
2190:
2185:York Minster
2146:
2140:Harry Potter
2138:
2128:Fan vaulting
2126:
2113:
2088:
2069:
1989:Bolton Abbey
1806:Hull Minster
1792:
1785:
1781:
1779:
1775:, gatehouse
1686:, west front
1603:York Minster
1543:York Minster
1453:
1441:
1439:
1432:
1423:Whitby Abbey
1387:east end of
1380:east end of
1375:York Minster
1365:
1329:
1307:
1298:
1260:
1237:
1231:
1220:Rose Windows
1218:
1183:York Minster
1172:
1162:
1135:pointed arch
1133:
1114:
1107:(1220–1258)
987:
981:
966:
954:
931:
923:King Stephen
914:
913:
847:Whitby Abbey
709:York Minster
601:
594:
570:iconoclastic
554:
549:
538:
532:, where the
511:designed by
490:
474:
468:
461:
457:
450:
442:
438:
434:
428:
398:
393:
365:
337:
310:
281:
275:
269:
259:
249:
240:
228:great houses
165:
116:
115:
100:c. 1175–1640
97:Years active
29:
5734:Lighthouses
5689:Hall houses
5570:Elizabethan
5550:Saxo-Norman
5545:Anglo-Saxon
5318:Sondergotik
5298:High Gothic
4853:. Batsford.
4684:Harvey 1987
3927:(1868—1928)
3889:(1915—1925)
3821:(1637–1642)
3805:(1446–1531)
3771:(1288–1378)
3742:Crosby Hall
3682:timber roof
3604:Great Court
3559:(1503–1508)
3542:(1496–1508)
3528:(1493–1500)
3505:Tattershall
3481:(1446–1515)
3377:East Anglia
3327:quatrefoils
3279:Battlements
3250: 1640
3105:rood screen
3097:Black Death
3086:brattishing
3082:misericords
2487:(1298–1340)
2445:(1280–1350)
2434: 1300
2420: 1320
2413: 1295
2339:(1298–1340)
2320:(1258–1400)
2284:(1321–1351)
2265:(1195–1340)
2249:(1258–1400)
2226:(1195–1340)
2195:ball flower
2177:curvilinear
2173:geometrical
2169:quatrefoils
2033:Selby Abbey
1929:Lady chapel
1786:Curvilinear
1560:Lady chapel
1246:quatrefoils
1140:lancet arch
1067:(1220–1235)
1061:rose window
1019:(1174–1184)
1011:rebuilt by
816:lady chapel
574:Reformation
562:high church
469:Rectilinear
462:Curvilinear
458:Geometrical
453:(1190–1245)
417:Elizabeth I
5877:Categories
5833:Bath stone
5810:Oast house
5765:Manchester
5755:Birmingham
5646:structures
5610:Jacobethan
5590:Queen Anne
5303:Isabelline
5293:Flamboyant
5167:By country
5088:. Oxford:
4988:Smith 1922
4837:Smith 1922
4672:Smith 1922
4642:Smith 1922
4610:29 October
4571:Smith 1922
4556:Smith 1922
4049:References
3801:window at
3799:Tudor arch
3671:Vaults of
3551:Towers of
3546:Bath Abbey
3346:clerestory
3312:Buttresses
3305:Tudor Arch
3192:Tudor arch
2975:west front
2915:west front
2900:bell tower
2769:Bath Abbey
2560:west front
1974:, east end
1837:Heckington
1823:, east end
1197:clerestory
1164:rib vaults
1119:clerestory
1081:rib vaults
1041:clerestory
879:west front
756:west front
741:west front
580:, and the
383:Henry VIII
372:Richard II
355:Edward III
342:reigns of
236:guildhalls
232:almshouses
141:buttresses
137:rib vaults
5843:Flushwork
5795:Almshouse
5790:Fan vault
5760:Liverpool
5719:Windmills
5625:Brutalist
5615:Edwardian
5605:Victorian
5313:Rayonnant
5308:Manueline
5245:Catalonia
5220:Lithuania
5169:or region
4887:(1911). "
4822:, in 1332
4757:24 August
4715:(1911). "
4530:(1911). "
4348:(1848) .
4195:(1987) .
4142:26 August
3912:1840–1876
3687:rib vault
3548:(1501–39)
3517:choir of
3488:(1448–49)
3473:(1441–82)
3467:(1438–42)
3460:(1427–83)
3365:flushwork
3342:triforium
3323:spandrels
3117:Henry VII
2840:Canaletto
2515:(1317–95)
2508:(1309–50)
2501:(1308–26)
2480:(1275–85)
2473:(1415–23)
2390:choir of
2278:Pinnacles
2243:diapering
2207:diapering
2199:dog-tooth
2191:Sculpture
2187:(1338–39)
2099:rib vault
1782:Geometric
1500:(1275–85)
1446:Rayonnant
1412:(1242–80)
1405:(1239–49)
1398:(1235–50)
1391:(1234–54)
1384:(1234–50)
1377:(1226–55)
1355:(1202–18)
1348:(1200–22)
1341:(1200–27)
1319:(1187–99)
1273:mouldings
1254:roof boss
1250:spandrels
1144:rib vault
1123:triforium
1045:triforium
1007:Choir of
958:rib vault
940:, where
927:Richard I
530:Cambridge
524:towns of
366:Decorated
344:Edward II
216:rib vault
174:north of
5864:Category
5729:Stadiums
5595:Georgian
5580:Carolean
5575:Jacobean
5464:Category
5413:Gargoyle
5266:By style
5255:Valencia
5235:Portugal
5196:Southern
5052:(1961).
4604:Archived
4294:"Gothic"
4217:16801898
4167:(2009).
4117:and the
3986:See also
3844:Mob Quad
3765:Mob Quad
3710:tie-beam
3675:, London
3594:Tom Quad
3383:Examples
3319:Doorways
3301:transoms
3289:mullions
3186:Gate of
3044:mullions
2856:, Oxford
2694:Hall of
2590:, Dorset
2377:Examples
2203:capitals
2165:trefoils
2157:mullions
2116:buttress
2095:Vaulting
1634:east end
1292:Examples
1285:capitals
1277:ornament
1242:trefoils
1209:mullions
1201:transept
969:buttress
696:transept
558:Romantic
548:, whose
515:and his
327:Edward I
300:Henry II
105:Location
88:Bottom:
83:Centre:
5775:Bristol
5704:Museums
5654:Castles
5476:Commons
5445:Tracery
5438:Swedish
5428:English
5250:Levante
5186:England
5181:Czechia
5176:Belarus
5062:2437034
4895:(ed.).
4882::
4723:(ed.).
4710::
4538:(ed.).
4525::
4394:9 April
4367:"Tudor"
4321:9 April
4274:9 April
3706:trusses
3702:purlins
3698:trusses
3694:rafters
3349:hollows
3285:Windows
3092:lines.
2771:chancel
2682:chancel
2575:(1475–)
2312:Floral
2239:Tracery
2161:tracery
2153:tracery
2148:Tracery
2065:gateway
1808:chancel
1205:tracery
475:In the
224:palaces
170:of the
5813:(cowl)
5750:London
5555:Norman
5538:Styles
5488:Voyage
5433:French
5385:Poland
5380:Canada
5327:By use
5230:Poland
5213:Venice
5191:France
5096:
5060:
5042:
5024:
4915:
4891:". In
4876:
4812:Harvey
4719:". In
4704:
4655:"Home"
4602:. UN.
4534:". In
4519:
4479:
4452:
4385:
4312:
4265:
4215:
4205:
4175:
4133:
4091:16 May
4082:
3740:, and
3708:. The
3647:(1395)
3555:, and
3454:(1422)
3369:ashlar
3359:using
3263:spires
3259:Towers
3061:, and
1884:, nave
1839:, nave
1741:, nave
1667:, nave
1281:abacus
1252:, the
1215:(1220)
576:, the
526:Oxford
443:Norman
415:under
353:) and
311:Norman
230:, and
129:Gothic
119:is an
5743:Other
5565:Tudor
5240:Spain
5208:Milan
5203:Italy
4751:(PDF)
4744:(PDF)
3910:Pugin
3906:Barry
3615:Roofs
3361:flint
2741:tower
2143:films
2035:choir
1991:choir
1944:choir
1899:choir
1869:choir
1590:choir
1575:choir
1063:, at
988:cusps
864:choir
849:choir
801:choir
666:choir
651:choir
636:choir
433:, in
392:) as
381:) to
370:from
364:) as
336:) as
325:) to
309:) as
298:) to
176:Paris
168:choir
78:Top:
5770:Bath
5094:ISBN
5058:OCLC
5040:ISBN
5022:ISBN
4913:ISBN
4759:2020
4612:2019
4477:ISBN
4450:ISBN
4396:2020
4383:ISBN
4323:2020
4310:ISBN
4276:2020
4263:ISBN
4213:OCLC
4203:ISBN
4173:ISBN
4144:2020
4131:ISBN
4093:2020
4080:ISBN
3908:and
3562:the
3331:ogee
3297:arch
3034:and
3010:The
2830:The
2818:nave
2801:nave
2712:nave
2422:–30)
2314:boss
2167:and
2114:The
2106:and
1773:Kent
1605:nave
1269:pier
1259:The
1171:The
1127:nave
1113:The
1089:boss
1015:and
934:Caen
925:and
786:nave
771:nave
681:nave
528:and
484:and
411:and
234:and
182:and
155:and
4818:of
4799:193
4375:doi
4302:doi
4255:doi
4123:doi
4072:doi
3974:'s
3846:of
3643:of
3566:at
3531:at
3429:at
3422:at
3415:at
3406:at
3397:at
3388:at
3375:of
3210:at
3119:in
3018:of
2834:at
2619:at
2518:at
2490:at
2463:at
2454:at
2425:at
2404:at
2397:at
1958:Ely
1415:at
1358:at
1083:at
280:'s
268:or
258:or
248:or
5879::
5092:.
5075:.
4978:^
4932:.
4859:^
4827:^
4691:^
4657:.
4632:^
4591:^
4563:^
4504:^
4423:^
4403:^
4381:,
4369:,
4335:^
4325:,
4308:,
4296:,
4278:,
4261:,
4249:,
4211:.
4163:;
4146:,
4129:,
4121:,
4113:,
4109:,
4078:,
4066:,
3982:.
3885:,
3863:.
3767:,
3736:,
3606:,
3596:,
3514:))
3509:c.
3273:,
3269:,
3247:c.
3077:.
3069:,
3065:,
3057:,
3053:,
3046:.
3038:.
2431:c.
2417:c.
2410:c.
2241:,
2093:.
1771:,
1737:,
1703:,
1682:,
1649:,
1244:,
1199:,
979:.
952:.
831:,
560:,
422:r.
388:r.
377:r.
360:r.
349:r.
332:r.
321:r.
305:r.
294:r.
238:.
226:,
163:.
151:,
139:,
135:,
127:.
5523:e
5516:t
5509:v
5340:)
5336:(
5289:)
5285:(
5279:)
5275:(
5152:e
5145:t
5138:v
5102:.
5079:.
5064:.
5030:.
5002:.
4936:.
4919:.
4801:.
4761:.
4661:.
4614:.
4485:.
4458:.
4377::
4304::
4257::
4219:.
4181:.
4125::
4074::
3252:)
3245:(
2130:.
419:(
385:(
374:(
357:(
346:(
329:(
318:(
302:(
291:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
