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604:, required a barrack for the workmen made of iron. Summer gales brought high seas, which resulted in breaking water falling on the roof 77 feet (23 m) above sea level. It held firm, although fourteen men including Brebner were trapped there for five days, and at one point seawater poured in through the trapdoor, swirled around them and exited with their remaining food supplies. Describing a similar occasion, R. L. Stevenson wrote:
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440:, but one oval nodule of black-trap, sparsely bedabbled with an inconspicuous fucus, and alive in every crevice with a dingy insect between a slater and a bug. No other life was there but of sea-birds, and of the sea itself, that here ran like a mill-race, and growled about the outer reef for ever, and ever and again, in the calmest weather, roared and spouted on the rock itself.
417:, which is 240 feet (73 m) long and 130 feet (40 m) wide, and which rises to 35 feet (11 m) above sea level. Submarine surveys indicate that the rock is at the eastern end of a valley stretching 80 miles (130 km) into the Atlantic, which may "account for the seemingly abnormal seas to which the tower is subjected". It is an isolated outpost of the
637:. The blocks, having been shaped and fitted on Erraid, were towed out to the rock in barges by the steamer ‘Dhuheartach’ each barge carrying 16 tons. Masonry work was completed in 1871 and the lantern, optical apparatus and fog bell installed the following year, Dubh Artach becoming the first isolated rock light in Britain to use
984:
Completion of the construction work did not result in an end to the hazards. At low tide the landing stage is forty feet above a boat, yet not completely out of the reach of the swell. Landings other than via the precarious use of dangling ropes from a derrick were most unusual even on calm days. The
613:
Despite these hardships a 36-foot-diameter (11-metre) foundation pit was excavated and by 1869 a solid portion of tower rising 32 feet (9.8 m) above foundation level had been completed. This was no mean feat. On one occasion eleven two-ton stones were dislodged from the third course of stonework
608:
The men sat high up prisoned in their iron drum, that then resounded with the lashings of the sprays ... It was then that the foreman builder, Mr. Goodwillie, whom I see before me in his rock-habit of indecipherable rags, would get his fiddle down and strike up human minstrelsy amid the music of
653:
It would be ungenerous if a great and dangerous work like this were brought unsuccessfully to an end and no praise should be given to such men as Mr
Brebner the resident Superintendent, Mr MacGregor the captain of the steamer, Mr Goodwillie the master-builder on the rock and Mr Irvine the landing
988:
The first principal keeper was James Ewing who looked after the light for the next eleven years. Despite the exceptionally adverse conditions faced by the keepers, which resulted in them receiving additional payments in kind, Ewing was not the only one who served the light for a decade or more.
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654:
master. If full justice were to be done, the list should be much longer, but I can only add that out of all the workmen who took their lives in their hand to finish the Dhu
Heartach Lighthouse, there were very few who turned poltroon. And this is the common history of all such undertakings.
600:. Fourteen miles distant from Dhu Heartach across open sea, the little island provided a granite quarry and a shore station once the work on the lighthouse was completed. Initial construction on the rock, which began on 25 June 1867 under the supervision of
362:. The rock is subject to extraordinary sea conditions with waves of 92 feet (28 m) or more being encountered by the keepers. Despite these adverse conditions several men served the light for lengthy periods until it was automated in 1971.
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storm seas could rise to extraordinary heights. In the first year of operation, the copper lightning conductor was wrenched out of its sockets by a storm at a height of 92 feet (28 m) above high water.
548:
Between 1800 and 1854 thirty ships were wrecked on the reef; however, the requirement for a lighthouse was not only to warn seafarers away from Dhu
Heartach itself, but also to guide them past the fearsome
648:
was £65,784, excluding the £10,300 cost of establishing the shore station on Erraid. However, the extraordinary nature of the work should not be reduced to mere numbers. Stevenson was moved to note that:
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with all thirty-three hands on her maiden voyage in 1863 and of an astonishing 24 vessels in the area in a storm on 30–31 December 1865 encouraged positive action under pressure from insurers
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2101:
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An ugly reef is this of the Dhu
Heartach; no pleasant assemblage of shelves, and pools, and creeks, about which a child might play for a whole summer without weariness, like the
390:
it is likely that Dubh
Heartach was at the western edge of a large land bridge linking what is now the island of Ireland to Scotland. This land mass included the islands of
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1966:
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However, some found the lonely rock and its cramped quarters less to their taste. One had to be prevented from diving into the sea and attempting to swim ashore.
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The solid base weighing 1,840 tons rises more than 64 feet (20 m) above the pounding seas, more than twice as high as its nearest
British rival of
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Steadily rising sea levels would then have slowly isolated and finally all but submerged Dhu
Heartach, which today is a rounded, dark green mass of
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A dispute concerning the financing of lighthouses led to an 1898 visit to Dubh Artach of some prominent persons, including the
President of the
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382:. After the last retreat of the ice around 20,000 years ago, sea levels were up to 425 feet (130 m) lower than at present. Although the
77:
1005:
Robert Louis
Stevenson's connection with the construction of Dubh Artach and its shore station played a significant part in his 1886 novel
97:
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and carried off the rock, never to be seen again. Robert
Stevenson noted that this destruction occurred at the same height "above the sea
1344:
370:. Various interpretations have been provided for the original meaning of the Gaelic name, of which "The Black Rock" is the most likely.
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and a Captain Bedford of the Admiralty. The engineering work was supervised by the famous Stevenson family of engineers, the brothers
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Stevenson believed that 'black and dismal' was a translation of the name, noting that "as usual, in Gaelic, it is not the only one."
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In pre-historic times Dhu Heartach was covered by the ice sheets that spread from Scotland out into the Atlantic Ocean beyond the
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17:
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with a tower height of 145 feet (44 m) was erected between 1867 and 1872 with a shore station constructed on the isle of
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641:. The finished tower rises 101 feet (31 m) above the foundation in seventy-seven courses of stonework all told.
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In 1890 a distinctive red band was painted round the middle section of the tower to distinguish it from
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was constructed to enable maintenance work to be undertaken without the need for sea landings. The
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In 1874 the principal keeper reported an incident which suggested that the rock had experienced an
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557:. Originally it was considered to be an impossible site for a light, but the loss of the steamer
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1486:. California. Silverado Museum. Based on an 1872 manuscript and edited by Swearingen, R.G.
1052:. The reasons for this are not clear, although the latter is arguably easier to spell for
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commencing work in 1866. Thomas noted that "it would be a work of no ordinary magnitude".
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where the final of in pronunciation seemingly is part of the following word, suggesting
8:
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Isle of Erraid website – early history including Stevenson's construction of Dubh Artach
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is the official name of the lighthouse, although the skerry itself is also known as
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rise of land makes estimating post-glacial coastlines a complex task, circa 14,000
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tapered cylindrical tower with balcony and lantern incorporating keeper's quarter
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The lighthouse was fully automated in 1971 and the following year a
502:, "The Black Stack of the West". Watson (1926) suggests the root is
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being a now obsolete Gaelic word for a rock or rocky ground both in
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Land of Mountain and Flood: The Geology and Landforms of Scotland
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521:, meaning "the black deadly one". The skerry was also known as
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1479:. Chatto and Windus. Reprinted by 1st World Publishing, 2004.
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and was probably connected to the mainland of Scotland by an
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as the glass panes in the lantern of Smeaton's lighthouse
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The New Lighthouse on the Dhu Heartach Rock, Argyllshire
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Occasional Paper No 10: Statistics for Inhabited Islands
1444:
McKirdy, Alan Gordon, John & Crofts, Roger (2007)
1251:
Northern Lighthouse Board. Retrieved 7 September 2008.
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The name of the lighthouse was changed in 1964 from
592:
The land base for the construction of the light was
304:
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1089:General Register Office for Scotland (28 Nov 2003)
509:meaning "death", (which he also believes occurs in
298:
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1367:Northern Lighthouse Board. Retrieved 18 May 2016
1530:Bellrock website re RLS, Erraid and Dubh Artach
1470:Rock Lighthouses of Britain: The End of an Era?
644:The total cost of the works undertaken by the
1877:
1557:
525:prior to the construction of the lighthouse.
465:. The variation between the anglicised forms
1123:Ordnance Survey. Retrieved 8 September 2008.
861:red and white (tower), black (lantern)
538:Dhu Heartach Lighthouse, During Construction
343:and 15 miles (24 km) south-west of the
27:Remote skerry off the west coast of Scotland
1345:University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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529:Planning and construction of the lighthouse
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1337:"Lighthouses of Scotland: Argyll and Bute"
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948:20 nmi (37 km; 23 mi)
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1205:The Illustrated Gaelic English Dictionary
629:Construction of the tower on site in 1870
553:, which lie between the Ross of Mull and
82:Dubh Artach skerry and lighthouse in 2014
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117:Dubh Artach shown within Argyll and Bute
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2438:Uninhabited islands of Argyll and Bute
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584:Fitting of blocks for Dubh Artach on
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339:lying 18 miles (29 km) west of
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197:c.32,300 square feet (3,000 m)
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1494:The Celtic Place-Names of Scotland
1185:
25:
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1011:during which the main character,
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1463:The Islands of Western Scotland.
1178:Stevenson, D.A. (25 April 1876)
909:category A listed building
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286:
264:
103:
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2453:Lighthouses of Scottish islands
1482:Stevenson, Robert Louis (1995)
1475:Stevenson, Robert Louis (1887)
1468:Nicholson, Christopher. (1995)
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1403:Stevenson, Robert Louis (1886)
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698:18 miles (29 km) west of
402:near Loch Craignish, south of
13:
1:
2443:Category A listed lighthouses
1437:Haswell-Smith, Hamish (2004)
1071:
933:44 m (144 ft)
838:38 m (125 ft)
1289:Bathhurst (2000) pp. 210–35.
1218:Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla
1169:Nicholson (1995) pp. 146-57.
808:stone, granite (tower)
7:
1538:Retrieved 11 December 2014.
1385:Stevenson (1872) pp. 18–20.
1180:The Dhu Heartach Lighthouse
1111:Haswell-Smith (2004) p. 94.
1035:Chancellor of the Exchequer
335:rock off the west coast of
10:
2469:
2415:Thousla Rock (minor light)
1516:NLB history of Dubh Artach
1416:Munro (1979) pp. 259, 262.
1394:Munro (1979) pp. 162, 181.
1298:Stevenson (1872) pp. 4, 6.
498:poetically calls the rock
373:
2380:
2297:
2224:
2110:
1903:
1897:Northern Lighthouse Board
1771:
1760:
1580:
1572:Inhabited islands of the
1455:. Stornoway. Thule Press.
1432:The Lighthouse Stevensons
1247:28 September 2007 at the
1242:"Dubh Artach Lighthouse "
1065:Northern Lighthouse Board
1002:but the tower stood fast.
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517:archipelago), and offers
513:, the main island of the
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1532:Retrieved 24 March 2007.
1430:Bathhurst, Bella (2000)
1341:The Lighthouse Directory
1145:Murray (1973) pp. 67–69.
1504:. First published 1926.
1441:. Edinburgh. Canongate.
1229:Stevenson (1872) p. 10.
1194:Stevenson (1887) p. 83.
1182:. Proc. Inst. Civ. Eng.
324:[t̪uhˈarˠʃt̪əx]
61:[t̪uhˈarˠʃt̪əx]
2400:Langness (minor light)
1523:Memories and Portraits
1496:. Edinburgh. Birlinn.
1477:Memories and Portraits
1407:. Cassell and Company.
1325:Stevenson (1872) p. 8.
1307:Stevenson (1872) p. 6.
1269:Stevenson (1872) p. 1.
1102:Retrieved 9 July 2007.
667:Dubh Artach Lighthouse
656:
630:
611:
589:
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487:to the untrained ear.
442:
426:Robert Louis Stevenson
45:
18:Dubh Artach Lighthouse
1465:London. Eyre Methuen.
1448:. Edinburgh. Birlinn.
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628:
606:
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453:is "The Black Rock",
430:
2448:Skerries of Scotland
1472:Caithness. Whittles.
1453:Scottish Lighthouses
1439:The Scottish Islands
1376:Munro (1979) p. 163.
1316:Munro (1979) p. 162.
1048:to the present form
473:is a simple case of
2002:Holy Island (Outer)
1451:Munro, R.W. (1979)
1434:. London. Flamingo.
1260:Watson (1994) p. 98
1216:Dinneen, P. (1927)
1039:Michael Hicks Beach
751:56.1331°N 6.63273°W
747: /
696:Dhu Heartach skerry
676:
494:in his 7th-century
449:The translation of
445:Meaning of the name
205:36 feet (11 m)
159: /
34:
2357:Point of Fethaland
1908:(except principal
1521:R. L. Stevenson's
1203:Dwelly, E. (1941)
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496:Life of St Columba
179:Physical geography
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2274:Pentland Skerries
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966:Fl(2) W 30s
876:solar power
756:56.1331; -6.63273
588:prior to erection
563:Lloyd's of London
519:am Duibh-hirteach
279:
278:
202:Highest elevation
127:OS grid reference
16:(Redirected from
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2254:Hoy Sound (High)
2239:Brough of Birsay
2022:Mull of Galloway
1962:Covesea Skerries
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2027:Mull of Kintyre
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53:Pronunciation
51:
47:
43:
40:
36:
30:
19:
2425:
2395:Douglas Head
2390:Chicken Rock
2372:Minor lights
2352:Out Skerries
2289:Minor lights
2244:Cantick Head
2216:Minor lights
2206:Tiumpan Head
2130:
2102:Minor lights
2067:Scurdie Ness
2057:St Abbs Head
2047:Rattray Head
1967:Crammag Head
1952:Corran Point
1922:Ardnamurchan
1744:Summer Isles
1620:Eilean Shona
1522:
1493:
1483:
1476:
1469:
1462:
1459:Murray, W.H.
1452:
1445:
1438:
1431:
1424:Bibliography
1412:
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1399:
1390:
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1372:
1360:
1348:. Retrieved
1340:
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1217:
1212:
1204:
1199:
1179:
1174:
1141:
1133:
1128:
1116:
1107:
1090:
1085:
1049:
1045:
1006:
1000:earth tremor
993:Later events
987:
983:
930:Focal height
873:Power source
805:Construction
721:NM1215702955
652:
643:
632:
615:
612:
607:
602:Alan Brebner
591:
571:Robert Louis
558:
551:Torran Rocks
547:
537:
522:
518:
506:
499:
495:
489:
484:
478:
471:Dhu Heartach
470:
466:
454:
450:
448:
431:
413:rock called
408:
377:
368:Dhu Heartach
367:
363:
354:designed by
349:
345:Ross of Mull
281:
280:
250:Demographics
216:Council area
188:Isle of Mull
184:Island group
168:56.13; -6.63
29:
2382:Isle of Man
2367:Ve Skerries
2342:Little Holm
2279:Start Point
2166:Neist Point
2136:Eilean Glas
2131:Dubh Artach
2092:Tarbat Ness
2087:Sule Skerry
2012:Isle of May
1997:Girdle Ness
1982:Dunnet Head
1937:Buchan Ness
1917:Ailsa Craig
1893:Lighthouses
1655:Isle of Ewe
1365:Dubh Artach
1121:"Get-a-map"
1054:anglophones
1050:Dubh Artach
1046:Dhuheartach
772:Constructed
754: /
729:Coordinates
609:the storms.
569:(father of
467:Dubh Artach
451:Dubh Artach
422:archipelago
364:Dubh Artach
282:Dubh Artach
166: /
141:Coordinates
111:Dubh Artach
46:Dubh Artach
33:Dubh Artach
2432:Categories
2327:Firths Voe
2201:Skerryvore
2121:Barra Head
2072:Stoer Head
2032:North Rona
1942:Cape Wrath
1846:South Uist
1836:North Uist
1072:References
1024:Skerryvore
823:1971
775:1872
739:56°07′59″N
663:Lighthouse
635:Skerryvore
438:Skerryvore
352:lighthouse
273:References
256:Population
2337:Hoo Stack
2269:Noup Head
2196:Scarinish
2097:Turnberry
2037:Noss Head
2007:Inchkeith
1992:Fife Ness
1957:Corsewall
1932:Bell Rock
1927:Bass Rock
1791:Benbecula
1781:Baleshare
1405:Kidnapped
1008:Kidnapped
820:Automated
742:6°37′58″W
620:Eddystone
544:(1822–78)
542:Sam Bough
504:Old Irish
434:Bell Rock
384:isostatic
2312:Eshaness
2299:Shetland
2284:Tor Ness
2249:Copinsay
2234:Auskerry
2211:Ushenish
2113:Hebrides
1947:Chanonry
1905:Scotland
1851:Vatersay
1806:Flodaigh
1796:Berneray
1600:Colonsay
1574:Hebrides
1245:Archived
1132:McKirdy
1095:Archived
1033:and the
906:Heritage
888:Operator
858:Markings
787:Built by
708:Scotland
700:Colonsay
693:Location
639:paraffin
559:Bussorah
555:Colonsay
515:St Kilda
485:heartach
480:*hartach
411:basaltic
341:Colonsay
337:Scotland
233:Scotland
133:NM119030
87:Location
2307:Bressay
2156:Lismore
2151:Hyskeir
2146:Haskeir
2052:Rubh Re
1895:of the
1841:Scalpay
1801:Eriskay
1721:Easdale
1700:Scalpay
1685:Oronsay
1670:Lismore
1665:Kerrera
1640:Gometra
1492:(1994)
1461:(1973)
1061:helipad
715:OS grid
492:Adamnan
461:and in
436:or the
428:wrote:
400:isthmus
374:Geology
228:Country
151:56°08′N
2226:Orkney
2191:Ruvaal
2171:Ornsay
2161:Monach
2082:Stroma
2042:Pladda
1972:Davaar
1695:Sanday
1690:Raasay
1630:Erraid
1500:
1350:18 May
1220:p. 60.
1207:p. 48.
1134:et al.
1037:, Sir
1017:Erraid
894:
835:Height
793:
704:Argyll
594:Erraid
586:Erraid
573:) and
567:Thomas
455:artach
415:augite
360:Erraid
333:basalt
329:skerry
154:6°38′W
2332:Foula
2062:Sanda
1987:Fidra
1786:Barra
1749:Tiree
1733:Shuna
1725:Luing
1650:Islay
1635:Gigha
1605:Danna
1590:Canna
1077:Notes
945:Range
925:Light
850:Shape
767:Tower
669:
618:" at
596:near
575:David
511:Hirta
463:Irish
396:Islay
2111:The
1754:Ulva
1739:Soay
1729:Seil
1715:Skye
1705:Rona
1680:Mull
1675:Muck
1660:Jura
1645:Iona
1610:Eigg
1595:Coll
1498:ISBN
1352:2016
598:Iona
507:hirt
469:and
404:Oban
394:and
392:Jura
194:Area
41:name
1710:Rùm
540:by
483:or
331:of
302:ɑːr
2434::
1731:,
1727:,
1723:,
1343:.
1339:.
1274:^
1234:^
1187:^
1150:^
706:,
702:,
622:.
406:.
388:BP
350:A
347:.
318:;
308:ɑː
294:uː
1885:e
1878:t
1871:v
1735:)
1565:e
1558:t
1551:v
1525:.
1354:.
1056:.
1041:.
1019:.
314:/
311:x
305:t
299:ˈ
291:d
288:/
284:(
259:0
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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