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587:'Albino'. The typical form is noted for wider leaves and the gradual production of a scrambling stem as it grows. The "wide-leaved" form is similar to the "typical" variety, but produces leaves at least 50 percent wider than the typical variety. The narrow-leaved form differs from the typical form in that it rarely produces tall stems; has thinner, longer leaves and less hair on the plant.
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370:". Not only does this action serve to further secure the sundew’s victim, but it allows for more leaf surface area (and thus, digestive enzymes) to come into contact with the prey, ensuring digestion. Once the prey is fully trapped, initial breakdown often begins within an hour; wriggling or attempting to escape will only trap the insect further.
548:
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have also been found in
Australia. Currently it has only been found in New South Wales but understanding the species distribution is essential to managing the species in the future. It has also been found in the state of California and classified as a naturalized weed. Alongside Australia, California
365:
leaf, it may find itself deeply trapped, right away, or only partly stuck (based on the angle of its initial landing); if not fully stuck, the movements of the prey trying to wriggle free will often trigger the leaf-tip to fold back onto itself to ensure the bug cannot escape. However, this does not
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which can be up to 30 centimetres (1 ft) tall. Flowers individually open in the morning and close by mid-afternoon, lasting just one day each with the next one up the scape opening the following day; the lower ones on the scape can thus be open or "past" while the ones at the top are still
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If a prey organism has been caught in the secretion of the tentacles, then the tentacles near the victim will bend towards it, until a portion of the tentacle-covered region of the leaf has wrapped around the animal. Secreted enzymes will digest the insect until only the
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like some sundews. It is among the easiest of carnivorous plants to keep indoors. It grows very well in open air, on a sunny windowsill, as long as it is kept in an inch or two of mineral-free water. It does not require a terrarium although it can benefit from one.
318:
480:
has two color-forms: red-tentacled and white-tentacled. It has been hypothesized that visual cues, such as tentacle coloration, could be a factor in prey attraction in carnivorous plants, in addition to the olfactory signals used. In prey-attractant experiments,
303:
upon closing and produce copious quantities of very small, spindle-shaped seeds, which are released from the capsules that form when the flowers have died. The plant thrives in full sun locations on nutrient-poor, waterlogged and lime-free soils.
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have a high viscosity; fresh mucin can be stretched into a thread up to a meter in length. This suggests that the mucin is predominantly composed of acidic polysaccharide; these polysaccharides interact extensively and are highly hydrated.
667:
in that country, where they cannot be bought at plant retailers and should not be traded by carnivorous plant partisans. They have been planted in the wild or unintentionally introduced through soil contaminated by seeds with plantings of
558:
uses its sticky tentacles to attract and catch flies and other insects. Contact triggers a curling reaction, where the plant wraps up its prey and eventually digests and absorbs the victim's nutrients. This scene is about 4 hours in
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can be easily propagated through a variety of methods including seed, leaf cuttings, and root cuttings. It is not easily killed by temperature extremes of a short duration and is a generally forgiving plant to grow. Additionally,
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that forms a rosette with a diameter of 18 to 25 cm (7.1 to 9.8 in) and is characterized by numerous, reddish glandular erosions on 7 cm (2.8 in) long and 5 mm (0.20 in) wide, elongated leaves.
294:
The plant flowers in summer (December and
January in its native habitat in South Africa) with up to fifty pale-violet, over 2-centimetre (0.79 in) large flowers, borne on up to 35 cm (14 in) high racemose
640:
of 40 to 80 percent. Moist soil must be maintained year-round by the presence of a saucer under the pot, but watering must be reduced and the saucer removed in winter. High ambient humidity allows the preservation of
366:
always occur; the insect may simply remain stuck to (and ultimately digested on) an open leaf. The action itself is comparable to a person extending one arm outwards, and rolling their hand back, much like a "
341:
capture insects by luring them with their glossy, magenta-hued beads of false "nectar" (seen covering the tentacles of healthy leaves); this nectar is, of course, merely sticky droplets made-up of digestive
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and white flowers. There is also the "red" form that turns blood red in full sunlight, and is also similar physically to the narrow-leaved form. These varieties are commercially available.
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Under horticultural conditions, carnivorous plant enthusiasts find that these seeds have a tendency to find their way into neighbouring plant pots where they germinate readily, giving
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seemed to have no preference for color of plant tentacles, as there was no difference in the mean number of the flies captured between the two forms of the sundew. Coloration in
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coloration which, along with olfactory signals, appears to important in attracting prey. Increased photosynthesis was observed in plants fed with fruit flies.
636:
sand. The ideal temperature varies between 5 and 15 °C (41 and 59 °F) in winter and between 20 and 40 °C (68 and 104 °F) in summer, for a
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591:'Albino', is also similar in shape to the "typical" form, but lacks most of the red pigmentation of the typical or narrow forms, with clear or pink
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remains. The absorption of nutrients takes place via the tentacle tips, where the secretion itself is produced. When the prey item is
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236:. Because of its size, easy-to-grow nature, and the copious amounts of seed it produces, it has become one of the most common
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enough that the plant cannot gain further nutrients, the leaf and the tentacles return to their original position.
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has several forms or varieties, including the "typical", "wide-leaved", "narrow-leaved" and "red" forms and the
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are not immune to destructive sucking insects and other pests. The mucin is an approximately four-percent
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871:
Rost, Karl; Schauer, Roland (January 1977). "Physical and chemical properties of the mucin secreted by
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have also been found in peat bogs in South
America. It is currently classified as an invasive species.
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358:
plants come into bloom, the flowers themselves bring more potential prey to the vicinity of the plant.
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270:) and 0.5 centimetres (0.2 in) wide, which, as in all sundews, are covered in brightly coloured
645:. An exposure in full sun suits it perfectly, although a place a little less sunny may be suitable.
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act as a visual attractant to nearby insects, as it shines in the sun (hence the common name of
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PavloviÄŤ, Andrej; Krausko, Miroslav; Libiaková, Michaela; Adamec, LubomĂr (January 2014).
453:, which are drawn to the sticky leaves, as they attempt to feed on the crown of the plant—
8:
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in cultivation, and thus, one of the most frequently introduced and naturalised invasive
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produces strap-like leaves, up to 3.5 centimetres (1.4 in) long (not including the
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812:"Feeding on prey increases photosynthetic efficiency in the carnivorous sundew
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676:. They are now beginning to spread on their own, potentially with help from
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334:), time-lapse video, 1 frame per 90 seconds, over approximately six hours.
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takes well-over six hours from the time of an insect's initial landing.
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to trap its prey, which consists of a variety of species, including
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fruit flies were introduced to the red- and white-colored forms of
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produces multiple, small, five-petaled pink flowers at the end of
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797:. Revised edition. MIT Press: Cambridge, Massachusetts. pp. 136.
779:
The Reader's Digest
Gardeners Encyclopedia of Plants and Flowers
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809:
446:
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At first, when a prey item such as an insect, is stuck to a
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The ideal substrate is composed of 70 percent of blonde
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975:(Droseraceae), a new naturalised record for Australia"
760:. Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team
503:pigment – or the lack of – and does not affect the
393:
A fly 12 hours into being trapped by a cape sundew.
910:
908:
906:
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969:Jobson, Richard W.; Conn, Barry J. (2012-12-21).
916:The Savage Garden: Cultivating Carnivorous Plants
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29:
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718:Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland
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505:ultraviolet (UV) coloration of the plant
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311:
251:
789:
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1410:
1038:
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758:The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov)
701:
469:of around 4. The mucin secretions of
1268:1764874c-ac4c-4b68-bb5f-2319c2af6f7b
921:
784:
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1428:Endemic flora of the Cape Provinces
781:, Reader's Digest Association, 1992
648:
445:. The plant may occasionally catch
13:
14:
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1003:
663:due to it being classified as an
1343:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:321806-1
519:In early summer or late spring,
42:
962:
514:
951:
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738:
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247:
1:
958:Carnivorous weeds in Auckland
939:. Royal Horticultural Society
897:10.1016/S0031-9422(00)88783-X
694:
1418:Carnivorous plants of Africa
601:"narrow-leaved" has won the
16:Species of carnivorous plant
7:
1438:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
603:Royal Horticultural Society
10:
1454:
661:National Pest Plant Accord
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185:
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39:Scientific classification
37:
28:
23:
1433:Plants described in 1753
535:a reputation as a weed.
209:, commonly known as the
1018:General information on
491:in the laboratory. The
484:Drosophila melanogaster
308:Carnivorous adaptations
274:which secrete a sticky
992:10.7751/telopea2012015
918:", Peter D'Amato, 1998
632:and 30 percent of non-
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413:; fruit flies such as
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793:Slack, Adrian. 2000.
607:Award of Garden Merit
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554:
392:
354:). Furthermore, when
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1022:at Plant of the Week
397:The sundew secretes
328:eating a fruit fly (
1013:at PlantZAfrica.com
889:1977PChem..16.1365R
1027:2016-03-03 at the
832:10.1093/aob/mct254
795:Carnivorous Plants
575:
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422:Ceratitis capitata
395:
336:
331:Ceratitis capitata
299:. The flowers can
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1289:Open Tree of Life
1040:Taxon identifiers
687:and New Zealand,
656:is listed on the
620:does not undergo
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1304:Drosera_capensis
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1258:Drosera~capensis
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933:'narrow-leaved'"
931:Drosera capensis
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883:(9): 1365–1368.
873:Drosera capensis
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820:Annals of Botany
814:Drosera capensis
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752:Drosera capensis
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720:. Archived from
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689:Drosera capensis
684:Drosera capensis
665:invasive species
654:Drosera capensis
649:Invasive species
613:Drosera capensis
599:Drosera capensis
589:Drosera capensis
578:Drosera capensis
572:Drosera capensis
556:Drosera capensis
553:
478:Drosera capensis
471:Drosera capensis
459:aqueous solution
326:Drosera capensis
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288:herbaceous plant
257:Drosera capensis
206:Drosera capensis
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189:Drosera capensis
171:D. capensis
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727:on 2015-06-26
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941:. Retrieved
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826:(1): 69–78.
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762:. Retrieved
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729:. Retrieved
722:the original
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674:water lilies
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515:Reproduction
507:. It is the
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431:fungus gnats
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24:Cape sundew
18:
1214:NatureServe
1149:iNaturalist
1072:Wikispecies
937:www.rhs.org
678:water birds
658:New Zealand
618:D. capensis
539:Cultivation
533:D. capensis
521:D. capensis
501:anthocyanin
497:D. capensis
435:house flies
278:that traps
264:D. capensis
248:Description
221:species of
219:carnivorous
211:Cape sundew
115:Droseraceae
82:Angiosperms
1412:Categories
1312:Plant List
1099:Calflora:
764:18 January
746:USDA, NRCS
731:2014-10-17
695:References
638:hygrometry
634:calcareous
559:real-time.
499:is due to
489:D. capensi
443:arthropods
416:Drosophila
384:decomposed
368:bicep curl
348:secretions
282:. It is a
280:arthropods
133:Subgenus:
1317:kew-64285
985:: 89–92.
840:1095-8290
593:trichomes
528:forming.
465:, with a
451:mealybugs
439:lacewings
372:Digestion
284:perennial
272:tentacles
244:species.
223:perennial
217:-forming
165:Species:
149:Section:
52:Kingdom:
1382:11400053
1377:Tropicos
1301:PalDat:
1253:NSWFlora
1219:2.740461
1167:321806-1
1063:Q1570130
1057:Wikidata
1025:Archived
858:24201141
748:(n.d.).
643:mucilage
622:dormancy
582:cultivar
405:, small
276:mucilage
154:Drosera
138:Drosera
111:Family:
95:Eudicots
1423:Drosera
1201:MoBotPF
1141:3191008
1128:5470948
979:Telopea
885:Bibcode
849:3864725
585:Drosera
455:Drosera
429:, like
427:Diptera
411:beetles
363:Drosera
356:Drosera
344:enzymes
339:Drosera
268:petiole
242:Drosera
238:sundews
215:rosette
158:Drosera
142:Drosera
126:Drosera
121:Genus:
101:Order:
56:Plantae
1369:1776-8
1330:DRCA14
1325:PLANTS
1265:NZOR:
1206:279902
1193:896168
1180:113967
1092:242192
943:1 June
856:
846:
838:
525:scapes
447:aphids
380:chitin
352:sundew
346:. The
259:'Alba'
226:sundew
1364:SANBI
1294:14963
1276:NZPCN
1154:52656
1115:37QPF
725:(xls)
714:(xls)
407:wasps
399:mucin
156:sect.
140:subg.
89:Clade
76:Clade
63:Clade
1356:6136
1338:POWO
1281:4596
1245:4366
1240:NCBI
1188:ITIS
1162:IPNI
1136:GBIF
1102:8548
1087:APNI
945:2020
854:PMID
836:ISSN
766:2016
672:and
630:peat
433:and
419:and
403:bees
230:Cape
1390:WFO
1351:RHS
1227:NBN
1175:ISC
1123:EoL
1110:CoL
987:doi
893:doi
875:".
844:PMC
828:doi
824:113
605:'s
570:of
449:or
232:in
1414::
1392::
1379::
1366::
1353::
1340::
1327::
1314::
1291::
1278::
1255::
1242::
1229::
1216::
1203::
1190::
1177::
1164::
1151::
1138::
1125::
1112::
1089::
1074::
1059::
983:14
981:.
977:.
935:.
905:^
891:.
881:16
879:.
852:.
842:.
834:.
822:.
818:.
802:^
786:^
756:.
716:.
680:.
609:.
509:UV
467:pH
437:;
425:;
409:,
286:,
196:L.
91::
78::
65::
995:.
989::
971:"
947:.
929:"
899:.
895::
887::
860:.
830::
816:"
768:.
754:"
750:"
734:.
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