438:" was played during a medal ceremony. Initially inclined not to take action against Smith and Carlos, Roby faced considerable pressure from the International Olympic Committee and ultimately ordered the two to be removed from the Olympic village and sent home, though he did not strip them of their medals. Roby had called the USOC executive board into session immediately after the protest; they issued a two-page statement apologizing to the IOC and the Mexican hosts for the act, saying no action was planned but hinting that no further demonstrations would be tolerated. Hours later, the USOC was asked to withdraw its statement. Roby explained, "At 6 p.m. I had a call from the IOC to meet with them at 9 p.m. When I got there, I found the committee was adamant that severe action be taken against the offending athletes. I told them our committee was undecided. I asked, 'What if we do nothing?' They told me quite firmly that if the United States found that it could not control its athletes, then the IOC might be forced to firm action. I was led to believe that there was a threat of throwing out the entire U.S. team." Other accounts have confirmed that the USOC refused to ban the two but gave in when the IOC threatened to expel the entire US track team. The USOC went back into session after midnight and ordered the removal of Smith and Carlos. Roby later defended the decision in an interview with
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against you and the athletes which you led. As a boy I had great admiration and respect for
Harvard and the men it produced. Certainly serious intellectual degeneration has taken place in this once great University if you and several members of your crew are examples of the type of men that are within its walls.
461:
At one point, I personally was in favor of disqualifying you and your crew for acts grossly unbecoming to members of our
Olympic team. I am now glad I did not encourage such a harsh action for I feel that the miserable performance of you and your crew at Mexico City will stand as a permanent record
448:
We suppressed the demonstrators because we felt if we let it go it would get progressively worse, it would become a tip-off to others, white as well as black. We let a lot of things go by—berets, black socks, hands up and down—even though there are specific rules against changes in uniform in the
405:
from
California declined to support the American bid. Roby noted: "John Garland of California -- I doubt if he will support us. He was quite hurt that Detroit prevailed over Los Angeles in the competition before the American Olympic Committee for the right to bid for the games. But I don't think
360:
Roby joined the
American Metal Products Company, a Detroit-based automotive parts manufacturer in 1926, and retired as board chairman in 1963. Roby was the company's president in 1958 when a furnace being used to temper automobile seat springs exploded, collapsing the roof of the company's
856:
849:
491:. He was 94 years old at the time of his death in 1992, making him the oldest living U-M letterman. He was survived by a son, Douglas F. Roby Jr., two daughters, Hermine Roby Klingler, and Ruth Roby Glancy.
449:
competitor's handbook. But we felt that would be flyspecking. But we couldn't let a flagrant demonstration go by. We considered that we might have a boycott on our hands but we had to take the chance.
418:
During the 1968 Olympics as the president of the USOC, Roby took disciplinary action against members of the U.S Olympic delegation due to their participation in an act of political protest during the
842:
369:
Roby began a fifty-year career as an athletic official by serving several terms on the
University of Michigan's Board in Control of Athletics. From 1951 to 1953, he was the president of the U.S.
308:
In
February 1920, Roby transferred to the University of Michigan, where he worked his way through college by racking balls in a billiards parlor six hours a day. He played for the
281:. Phillips was a small, private school without a well-known athletic program. Roby was Maulbetsch's first recruit to play at Phillips. With Roby as team captain and future
402:
1143:
1103:
768:
AP wire service report (October 19, 1968). "Saga of Negro
Athletes May Be Closed: Chance Remark by Avery Possibly Triggered Incident". Fairbanks Daily News-Miner.
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in
October 1919, the Longhorns had not lost a game since 1917. One Texas newspaper reported that Phillips had "whitewashed the Longhorns in their own corral."
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1138:
1133:
967:
471:
In 1979, Roby voted against the readmission of China to the
Olympics, but China prevailed by a vote of 62-17. In 1984, he advocated the readmission of
973:
193:, he worked for American Metal Products Company, an automobile parts manufacturer, from 1923 to 1963. From 1951 to 1953, he was the president of the
866:
646:"Texas, Unable to Score, Bows to Haymakers, Phillips University Blanks Longhorns on Muddy Field 10 to 0". San Antonio Light. October 12, 1919.
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that will hurt us. On the contrary, the propaganda by people in
California against us might help because it has been unsportsmanlike."
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801:"Lipsyte, Robert (N.Y. Times Service); Foreigners Wink at U.S. Shoe Scandal". Long Beach Independent Press-Telegram. December 24, 1968.
288:
also on the team, Phillips lost only one game in 1918 and 1919, including a 10–0–1 record in 1919. The Phillips "Haymakers" defeated
457:
that publicly endorsed the demonstrations. Roby sent a letter to Harvard’s coach criticizing his alleged involvement. Roby wrote:
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593:
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834:
197:, then America's governing body for many amateur sports. He was vice president (1953–65) and president (1965–68) of the
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979:
813:
624:"A New Fore in Football: Texas University Will Meet Phillips University in Austin". Corsicana Daily. October 10, 1919.
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689:
752:
Grimsley, Will (October 19, 1968). "Smith, Carlos Expelled After Protest at Olympics". Florence Morning News (S.C.).
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from 1953–1965 and as the president of the USOC from 1965-1968. Roby was also elected as the third president of the
741:
UPI wire service report (October 14, 1963). "U.S. Officials Split On Detroit's '68 Bid". Pacific Stars and Stripes.
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296:, gaining a reputation as "one of the strongest teams in the southwest." When Phillips defeated Texas 10-0 in
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and was one of two American members on the IOC from 1952-1984. He also served as vice president of the
373:, then America's governing body for many amateur sports. And in 1952, he was selected to serve on the
289:
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246:
435:
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525:"U.S. Olympic Committee to (Finally) Induct Athletes Famous For Fist Protest Into Hall of Fame"
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635:"Longhorns to Play Phillips Uni. October 11th". San Antonio Evening News. September 13, 1919.
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8:
907:
730:
AP wire service report (March 5, 1958). "Ten Injured in Explosion". Ironwood Daily Globe.
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to the Olympics. Roby resigned from the IOC in 1985 and retired from the USOC in 1986.
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397:. When Detroit was selected over Los Angeles as the USOC's proposed site for the
262:
717:"Michigan the Olympics, Olympic Coaches and Administrators: Doug Roby 1952-1986"
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for the Detroit team from 1928–1936, winning the national championship in 1932.
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The Rock, The Curse, And The Hub: A Random History Of Boston Sports, p. 130
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At the 1968 Olympics, Roby also condemned members of the rowing team from
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in football. He graduated in a degree in business administration in 1923.
273:. After graduating, Maulbetsch accepted the head football coaching job at
657:"College Elevens Busy Today". The Galveston Daily News. November 8, 1919.
431:
407:
345:
214:
348:. Statistics are not available for his yardage gained. He later played
253:, where he helped the football team to an undefeated season that fall.
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341:
317:
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From 1939 through the 1960s, Roby sought to bring the Olympics to
394:
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177:(March 24, 1898 – March 31, 1992) was an American sportsman and
410:
ultimately proceeded to win the right to host the 1968 Games.
434:, who raised black-gloved fists and bowed their heads while "
466:
32:
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three-block-long plant, causing injury to several workers.
340:
in all seven games for the Indians in 1923, scoring one
332:
Roby played professional football for one year with the
740:
690:"Douglas Roby, 94, A Former President Of Olympic Group"
767:
729:
261:
While attending the academy, Roby became friends with
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413:
355:
1144:Presidents of the United States Olympic Committee
1104:American International Olympic Committee members
1065:
867:United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee
487:Roby died of heart failure at a nursing home in
205:(1952–84). As president of the USOC during the
811:
751:
711:
709:
707:
705:
703:
850:
501:University of Michigan Athletic Hall of Honor
364:
581:
781:"Famous Pictures The Magazine: Black Power"
700:
245:. In 1916 he received a scholarship to the
1129:People from Port Tobacco Village, Maryland
857:
843:
548:"Pro-Football-Reference.com: Douglas Roby"
1139:Players of American football from Detroit
1134:Players of American football from Chicago
467:Controversies over China and South Africa
388:
303:
209:, he expelled African-American athletes
585:Michigan: Champions of the West, p. 119
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201:and one of two American members of the
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422:in Mexico City. The protest involved
1114:Michigan Wolverines football players
1109:Michigan Wolverines baseball players
1099:Cleveland Indians (NFL 1923) players
560:
1119:Phillips Haymakers football players
756:
13:
661:
537:
14:
1160:
1094:People in the automobile industry
1030:(interim 2002, elected 2002–2003)
1000:(interim 1985, elected 1985–1991)
970:(interim 1970, elected 1970–1973)
506:1968 Olympics Black Power salute
383:Pan American Sports Organisation
328:Professional football and squash
31:
805:
794:
772:
745:
734:
723:
414:Leadership at the 1968 Olympics
379:United States Olympic Committee
375:International Olympic Committee
356:American Metal Products Company
336:in 1923. Roby was the starting
203:International Olympic Committee
199:United States Olympic Committee
89:International Olympic Committee
46:United States Olympic Committee
1124:Ross School of Business alumni
650:
639:
617:
602:
517:
224:
219:raised-fist Black Power salute
1:
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164:Automotive parts manufacturer
16:American athlete and official
1149:American male squash players
818:. Harvard University Press.
779:Lucas, Dean (May 22, 2013).
243:Wendell Phillips High School
7:
1089:American football fullbacks
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312:in 1921 and 1922 both as a
10:
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553:Pro-Football-Reference.com
365:Amateur athletics official
283:Pro Football Hall of Famer
1084:American chief executives
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609:"Maulbetsch Is Married".
588:. Sports Publishing LLC.
247:Michigan Military Academy
221:during a medal ceremony.
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30:
23:
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436:The Star-Spangled Banner
385:for the 1955-1959 term.
181:official. After playing
812:Roberts, Randy (2005).
175:Douglas Fergusson Roby
464:
451:
389:Detroit's Olympic bids
371:Amateur Athletic Union
304:University of Michigan
271:University of Michigan
231:Port Tobacco, Maryland
195:Amateur Athletic Union
191:University of Michigan
155:University of Michigan
582:Madej, Bruce (1997).
459:
446:
420:1968 Summer Olympics
399:1968 Summer Olympics
344:and also kicking an
207:1968 Summer Olympics
1036:(interim 2003–2004)
1006:(interim 1991–1992)
310:Michigan Wolverines
275:Phillips University
257:Phillips University
187:Phillips University
142:Ann Arbor, Michigan
914:Robert M. Thompson
902:Robert M. Thompson
865:Presidents of the
694:The New York Times
441:The New York Times
251:Brighton, Michigan
241:where he attended
1061:
1060:
1034:William C. Martin
992:John B. Kelly Jr.
932:Douglas MacArthur
908:Gustavus T. Kirby
896:Frederic B. Pratt
595:978-1-57167-115-8
334:Cleveland Indians
233:, and grew up in
229:Roby was born in
172:
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69:Kenneth L. Wilson
44:President of the
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986:William E. Simon
968:Clifford H. Buck
920:William C. Prout
884:David R. Francis
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696:. April 2, 1992.
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613:. June 29, 1917.
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424:African-American
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110:Personal details
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1028:Marty Mankamyer
1010:LeRoy T. Walker
974:Philip O. Krumm
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878:Albert Spalding
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928:(interim 1927)
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401:, IOC member
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81:Franklin Orth
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1046:Larry Probst
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784:. Retrieved
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619:
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486:
477:South Africa
470:
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447:
439:
428:Tommie Smith
417:
403:John Garland
392:
368:
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331:
314:left fielder
307:
260:
228:
217:after their
211:Tommie Smith
174:
173:
137:(1992-03-31)
121:Port Tobacco
96:
76:Succeeded by
53:
18:
1079:1992 deaths
1074:1898 births
1048:(2008–2019)
1042:(2004–2008)
1024:(2000–2002)
1018:(1996–1999)
1012:(1992–1996)
988:(1981–1985)
982:(1977–1981)
980:Robert Kane
976:(1973–1977)
964:(1969–1970)
958:(1965–1968)
952:(1953–1965)
946:(1930–1953)
940:(1929–1930)
934:(1927–1929)
922:(1926–1927)
916:(1924–1926)
910:(1920–1924)
904:(1912–1920)
898:(1910–1912)
892:(1906–1910)
886:(1904–1906)
880:(1900–1904)
432:John Carlos
408:Mexico City
346:extra point
225:Early years
215:John Carlos
64:Preceded by
1068:Categories
950:Tug Wilson
512:References
444:, saying:
286:Steve Owen
161:Occupation
150:Alma mater
1016:Bill Hybl
1004:Bill Hybl
956:Doug Roby
489:Ann Arbor
473:apartheid
426:athletes
342:touchdown
265:, a star
101:1952–1984
97:In office
58:1965–1968
54:In office
25:Doug Roby
495:See also
338:tailback
322:fullback
318:baseball
292:and the
290:Oklahoma
267:halfback
239:Illinois
189:and the
183:football
179:Olympics
125:Maryland
786:May 22,
455:Harvard
395:Detroit
269:at the
235:Chicago
994:(1985)
822:
592:
530:People
350:squash
320:and a
483:Death
475:-era
820:ISBN
788:2013
590:ISBN
430:and
213:and
144:, US
132:Died
127:, US
115:Born
316:in
277:in
249:at
185:at
1070::
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527:.
237:,
123:,
858:e
851:t
844:v
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556:.
533:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
