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settlers had walked out, Doublehead's group and his
Muskogee allies attacked and began killing them over the pleas of Benge and the others. Vann managed to grab one small boy and pull him onto his saddle, only to have Doublehead smash the boy's skull with an axe. Watts intervened in time to save another young boy, handing him to Vann, who put the boy behind him on his horse and later handed him over to three of the Muskogee for safe keeping. Unfortunately, one of the Muskogee chiefs killed the boy and scalped him a few days later.
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They each shared the same mother: Nannie
Drumgoole, last wife of Doublehead. Drumgoole was a descendant of Alexander Drumgoole, a trader to the Cherokees. Bird Doublehead, Nannie's son with Doublehead, was twelve years old and residing at the home of Thomas Clark when his father was killed by the Cherokee assassins, Alexander Sanders and The Ridge (later known as Major Ridge, after the Creek War).
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Cherokee
Council. Chief Doublehead's son Birdsong Doublehead, who was twelve years old and living in the Clarks' home at the time of his father's murder, stayed there until his father's estate could be settled, and then Clark took him down to Mussel Shoals Alabama to be with his mother Nancy Drumgoole, last wife of Chief Doublehead.
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Doublehead was elected first
Speaker of the Cherokee National Council when the Cherokee formed its first nascent national government in 1794. He became one of the foremost advocates of acculturation and became one of the richest men in The Cherokee Nation — the Lower Towns where he was a leader
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advocating the latter while
Doublehead argued for the former. Further on the way, they encountered a small settlement called Cavett's Station. After they had surrounded the place, Benge negotiated with the inhabitants, agreeing that if they surrendered, their lives would be spared. However, after the
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Flint, Timothy. 'Indian Wars of the West; Containing
Biographical Sketches of Those Pioneers Who Headed the Western Settlers in Repelling the Attacks of the Savages, Together with a View of the Character, Manners, Monuments, and Antiquities of the Western Indians'. Cincinnati: E. H. Flint, 1833, pg.
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At the time of the murder of Chief
Doublehead, Thomas Norris Clark, John D. Chisholm, and Major Return J. Meigs had been appointed the executors of the estate by Chief Doublehead, and he wished that his estate be disposed of in the manner of white people and his wishes were read and approved by the
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Watts responded by invading the
Holston area with one of the largest Indian forces ever seen in the region —over one thousand Cherokee, Muskogee, and Shawnee — intending to attack Knoxville itself. On the way, the Cherokee leaders were discussing among themselves whether to kill all the
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were accused of the same crime as that of
Doublehead and themselves became the targets of assassins. Among the killers of Major Ridge were James Foreman, Anderson Springston, Isaac Springston, and Bird Doublehead. In the traditional Cherokee matrilineal worldview, these men were all full brothers.
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A treaty was signed on 25 October 1805 for the location of a fort (the
Hiwassee Garrison) opposite and below the mouth of the Hiwassee River and on the North Bank of the Tennessee River. As part of this treaty, a secret article was applicable to a small tract of land at and below the mouth of the
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were then the wealthiest section of the entire country. He was also a chief advocate of land sales, along with several older chiefs in the Lower Towns, whose number included Dragging Canoe's brother, Turtle at Home. This only increased the enmity between him and his chief rival, James Vann.
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was wounded, and several others, including his wife, daughter, and one of the white delegates, were killed. The Cherokee agreed to await the outcome of the subsequent trial, which was later proven to be a farce because the man who was responsible was a close friend of
603:, Walker was assassinated on the road home from Red Clay, TN after a meeting of the Cherokee National Council. His killers were James Foreman and his-half brother Anderson Springston. In June 1839, after the Cherokee Removal to Indian Territory, Major Ridge, his son
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to discuss terms for peace. This party, which included Bob McLemore, Tahlonteeskee, Captain Charley of Running Water, and Doublehead, along with the white delegation, was attacked by militia during a stop at the Overhill town of Coyatee.
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Several related events followed. Walker's Ferry on the Hiwasssee River was owned by John Walker, Jr., a mixed-blood who was one of Vann's associates. In July 1834, because of his advocacy of removal in the years leading up to the
580:, conspired to assassinate Doublehead. Meanwhile, Doublehead lost part of his thumb in a scuffle with a Cherokee named Bone Polisher. James Vann had initially planned to lead the assault but had become too drunk to take part.
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In September 1792, Watts orchestrated a large campaign into the Cumberland region of combined Cherokee and Muskogee forces which included a contingent of cavalry. It was to be a three-pronged attack in which
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Following the death of Dragging Canoe in 1792, he became part of a triumvirate of leaders among the Chickamauga, along with Bloody Fellow and his nephew, John Watts, who was recognized as the chief of them.
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Because of this incident, Vann called Doublehead "Babykiller" for the remainder of his life. This incident also started a lengthy feud that defined the politics of the early 19th-century Cherokee Nation.
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Clinch River: one mile square at the foot of the Cumberland Mountains for the benefit of Chief Doublehead, and one square mile on the north bank of the Tennessee River where Cherokee Talootiske lived.
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led another to do the same on the Walton road; while Watts himself led the main army which was made up of 280 Cherokee, Shawnee, and Muskogee warriors and cavalry, against a settlement on the
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591:). The badly wounded Doublehead sought safety in the attic of schoolmaster Jonathan Blacke's house, where the assassins finished the job with knives and tomahawks.
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482:). Though every warrior present partook, Benge never operated with Doublehead afterward, sickened at his actions and at his own, nor did the later leader,
451:; and Dragging Canoe's brother, Little Owl—all of whom died in the encounter. Also wounded in the attack was Pumpkin Boy, a younger brother of Doublehead.
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regarding under-the-table land deals, as well as personal animosity going back nearly two decades, several of the younger leaders of the Nation, led by
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chief, Abraham of Chilhowee. Thereafter, he became one of the most vicious fighters and most capable leaders of the Cherokee during war.
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Doublehead's first act in his 1788 crusade was to lead a party of warriors in concert with those of Dragging Canoe in an assault on
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427:) of the Muskogee (who was either a Creek chief or a relative of Doublehead by that name) led a force to ambush the Kentucky road;
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Hicks, Brian. "Toward the Setting Sun: John Ross, the Cherokees, and the Trail of Tears." New York: Atlantic Monthly Press,2011.
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587:) and Alexander Sanders, shot the injured chief in McIntosh's Tavern at the Hiwassee Garrison near the Cherokee Agency (now
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Ehle, John. Trail of Tears, The Rise and fall of the Cherokee Nation. (New York: Anchor Books, 1988)
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Pynes, Patrick. "Historic Origins of the Mount Tabor Indian Community of Rusk County, Texas."
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787:. Eds. Mark B. Spencer and Rachel Tudor. Southeastern Oklahoma State University, 2008. 69–77.
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Beginning in 1791, Doublehead began operating closely with the parties of his great-nephew,
275:(or "Lower Cherokee"), and he was chosen as the leader of Chickamauga (taking on the title
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In August 1807, because of his ongoing machinations with U.S. Indian Affairs Commissioner
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to punish the Chickasaw for joining St. Clair's army in the north. Watts sent envoys to
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Sixty-Seven Nations and Counting: Proceedings of the Seventh Native American Symposium
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556:, in 1802, Doublehead was chosen as the leader of Chickamauga (taking on the title
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In 1791, Doublehead was among a delegation of Cherokees who visited U.S. President
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Evans, E. Raymond. "Notable Persons in Cherokee History: Bob Benge".
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the enemies they had just killed. Their act was in imitation of the
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Driven West: Andrew Jackson and the Trail of Tears to the Civil War
721:, pp. 98–106. (Cherokee: Museum of the Cherokee Indian, 1976).
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370:. The location at the time was within the territory claimed by the
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374:, but Doublehead solved that problem by marrying two daughters to
259:, ᏔᎵᏧᏍᎦ in Cherokee), was one of the most feared warriors of the
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Cherokee Tragedy: The Ridge Family and the Decimation of a People
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during which their warriors, in an act initiated by Doublehead,
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The Annals of Tennessee to the End of the Eighteenth Century
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as they were under a flag of truce during an embassy to the
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It is thought that Doublehead's father was Great Eagle (or
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United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians (1939–present)
773:. (Nashville: Charles and Randy Elder-Booksellers, 1982).
771:
Myths of the Cherokee and Sacred Formulas of the Cherokee
389:
19:
For the twin-peaked mountain in the United States, see
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in 1788, until the murder of his brother, and another
685:"The James Scrolls: Chief Chuqualataque Doublehead"
654:"The James Scrolls: Chief Chuqualataque Doublehead"
97:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
778:Tennessee, The Volunteer State, 1769–1923, Vol. 1
2558:
2283:Cherokee Nation in Indian Territory (1839–1907)
2243:Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians (1824-present)
804:. Killen, Alabama: Bluewater Publications, 2012.
766:. (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992).
330:, he sporadically took part in the campaigns of
271:in 1794, he served as one of the leaders of the
780:. (Chicago: S. J. Clarke Publishing Co., 1923).
864:
439:on Sept. 30, 1792. Among the attackers were "
345:
797:. (Chattanooga: Judge David Campbell, 1926).
494:In 1793, a delegation of Shawnee stopped in
458:, Doublehead, Pumpkin Boy, and their nephew
802:Doublehead: Last Chickamauga Cherokee Chief
776:Moore, John Trotwood and Austin P. Foster.
615:A fictional version of his execution is in
528:inhabitants of Knoxville, or just the men,
301:(or Little Carpenter). He was a brother of
60:Learn how and when to remove these messages
871:
857:
719:Journal of Cherokee Studies, Vol. 1, No. 2
454:Following the three failed attacks on the
490:Beginning of his troubles with James Vann
236:Learn how and when to remove this message
218:Learn how and when to remove this message
157:Learn how and when to remove this message
2627:19th-century Native American politicians
2612:18th-century Native American politicians
831:Leader of the Chickamauga/Lower Cherokee
749:. New York, Simon & Schuster. 2010.
2597:Deaths by stabbing in the United States
2582:Cherokee Nation politicians (1794–1907)
764:Cherokee Renascence in the New Republic
2559:
811:. (New York: Macmillan Company, 1970).
2617:Native American people from Tennessee
852:
742:. (Toronto: Champlain Society, 1970).
682:
651:
390:Activities in later years of the wars
267:. Following the peace treaty at the
195:disjointed and repetitive narrative.
168:
95:adding citations to reliable sources
66:
25:
1885:First Cherokee Female Seminary Site
980:Cherokee Supplement (Unicode block)
738:Klink, Karl, and James Talman, ed.
13:
1534:Sequoyah Constitutional Convention
14:
2638:
2622:1807 murders in the United States
2203:Cherokee Nation West (1810-1839)
2168:Cherokee Nation East (1794-1839)
540:
41:This article has multiple issues.
1358:Cherokee Preservation Foundation
740:The Journal of Major John Norton
282:
173:
71:
30:
2592:Murdered Native American people
2338:Cherokee Nation (1975–present)
82:needs additional citations for
49:or discuss these issues on the
2607:Deaths by firearm in Tennessee
2038:Hiwassee River Heritage Center
1965:Chief Vann House Historic Site
1875:Cherokee Removal Memorial Park
698:
687:. Thejamesscrolls.blogspot.com
676:
667:
656:. Thejamesscrolls.blogspot.com
645:
549:Upon the death of his nephew,
1:
1975:Museum of the Cherokee People
791:Ramsey, James Gettys McGready
638:
462:led a raid into southwestern
2602:People murdered in Tennessee
2063:Five Civilized Tribes Museum
1940:Red Clay State Historic Park
1552:Cherokee Towns (pre-Removal)
878:
683:Starr, Sharon (2009-04-13).
652:Starr, Sharon (2009-04-13).
366:in what is now the state of
7:
2577:Chickamauga Cherokee people
2547:Cherokee-language Knowledge
2367:Chadwick "Corntassel" Smith
1388:Cherokee Southwest Township
1373:Keetoowah Nighthawk Society
1305:Cherokee Nation (1794–1907)
1222:1st Cherokee Mounted Rifles
1041:Flag of the Cherokee Nation
626:
193:. The specific problem is:
10:
2643:
1508:Cherokee Nation v. Leavitt
1483:Cherokee Nation v. Georgia
1393:Oconaluftee Indian Village
1368:Original Keetoowah Society
711:
583:The Ridge (later known as
506:, then the capital of the
346:Beginnings as a war leader
18:
2542:
2081:
1920:Trail of Tears State Park
1870:Cherokee National Capitol
1860:
1542:
1447:
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1276:Jackson and McMinn Treaty
1251:Treaty of Dewitt's Corner
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1049:
985:Cherokee Immersion School
912:
886:
837:
828:
820:
609:Elias Boudinot (Cherokee)
2053:Fort Smith Historic Site
1821:Western Cherokee Nation
1420:Cherokee Central Schools
1205:Battle of Lindley's Fort
975:Cherokee (Unicode block)
567:
510:, to meet with Governor
2587:Native American leaders
2412:Tahlonteeskee (warrior)
2398:Other notable Cherokee
1332:Jacob Brown Grant Deeds
2332:William Charles Rogers
2252:William Holland Thomas
2028:The Great Trading Path
1195:Cherokee–American wars
800:Walker, Rickey Butch.
761:McLoughlin, William G.
486:, who also took part.
328:Little Tennessee River
295:and a cousin of Chief
265:Cherokee–American wars
2058:Port Royal State Park
1283:Transylvania Purchase
1256:Treaty of Hard Labour
1178:Siege of Fort Loudoun
904:United Keetoowah Band
291:), a nephew of Chief
2322:Samuel Houston Mayes
1499:The Cherokee Tobacco
1491:Worcester v. Georgia
1475:freedmen controversy
1435:Sequoyah High School
1425:Cherokee High School
1288:Chickamauga Cherokee
1246:Treaty of Turkeytown
1236:Treaty of New Echota
1212:Nickajack Expedition
1190:Cherokee War of 1776
601:Treaty of New Echota
574:Return J. Meigs, Jr.
273:Chickamauga Cherokee
200:improve this article
189:to meet Knowledge's
91:improve this article
1930:Rattlesnake Springs
1515:Cherokee Commission
1200:Battle of Hightower
1087:Kâ'lanû Ahkyeli'skï
990:New Kituwah Academy
955:Green Corn Ceremony
508:Southwest Territory
474:, particularly the
2122:Outacite of Keowee
2033:The Great War Path
2008:Oconaluftee valley
1993:Stick Ball Grounds
1915:Tellico Blockhouse
1320:Indian Removal Act
1266:Treaty of Hopewell
1261:Treaty of Lochaber
1217:American Civil War
1173:Anglo-Cherokee War
1057:Ani Hyuntikwalaski
807:Wilkins, Thurman.
621:Creek Mary's Blood
589:Calhoun, Tennessee
437:Buchanan's Station
269:Tellico Blockhouse
251:(c. 1744–1807) or
2554:
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2507:Clement V. Rogers
2377:Chuck Hoskin, Jr.
2327:Thomas Buffington
2092:Moytoy of Tellico
2013:Oconaluftee River
1945:Hair Conrad Cabin
1880:Chieftains Museum
1431:Sequoyah Schools
1293:Overhill Cherokee
1271:Treaty of Holston
1241:Treaty of Tellico
1231:Cherokee treaties
1002:Spiritual beliefs
847:
846:
838:Succeeded by
755:978-1-4165-4859-1
734:978-0-8021-1963-6
443:" (also known as
409:in Philadelphia.
407:George Washington
336:State of Franklin
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191:quality standards
182:This article may
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2477:Markwayne Mullin
2307:Dennis Bushyhead
2187:Charles R. Hicks
2112:Moytoy of Citico
2003:Tuckasegee River
1925:Brainerd Mission
1910:Sequoyah's Cabin
1817:Cherokee Nations
1455:Principal Chiefs
1448:Politics and law
1399:Unto These Hills
1363:Warriors Society
1325:Cherokee descent
1299:Cherokee Phoenix
1183:Battle of Echoee
1166:Battle of Taliwa
1145:skiagusta (rank)
1072:Moon-eyed people
1007:Moon-eyed people
925:National holiday
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866:
859:
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835:1802–1807
821:Preceded by
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745:Langguth, A. J.
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704:Hicks, pp. 20-24
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2387:James L. Gordon
2372:Bill John Baker
2357:Wilma Mankiller
2297:William P. Ross
2272:Patrick Lambert
2117:Standing Turkey
2077:
2023:Sycamore Shoals
1998:Cullasaja River
1950:Nancy Ward Tomb
1900:John Ross House
1862:
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1850:Qualla Boundary
1825:Cherokee Nation
1627:Hiwassee Island
1557:Amoyeligunahita
1544:
1538:
1443:
1410:Female Seminary
1383:Heritage groups
1353:Heritage Center
1341:
1337:Texas Cherokees
1150:outacite (rank)
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894:Cherokee Nation
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769:Mooney, James.
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551:Principal Chief
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441:Shawnee Warrior
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364:Tennessee River
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317:Cherokee Nation
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2497:Jenny McIntosh
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2417:Turtle-at-Home
2414:
2409:
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2396:
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2317:Johnson Harris
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2166:
2165:
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2159:
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2149:
2147:Dragging Canoe
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2097:Attakullakulla
2094:
2088:Early leaders
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2079:
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2070:
2065:
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2020:
2015:
2010:
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1995:
1990:
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1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1960:Bussell Island
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1905:Ross's Landing
1902:
1897:
1892:
1890:Judaculla Rock
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1866:
1864:
1863:memorial sites
1858:
1857:
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1732:
1730:Spike Bucktown
1727:
1722:
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1697:
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1548:
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1540:
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1531:
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1520:Cherokee Strip
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1317:
1315:Trail of Tears
1307:
1302:
1295:
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1285:
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1279:
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1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
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1192:
1187:
1186:
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1168:
1157:
1155:Raven of Chota
1152:
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1142:
1137:
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1127:
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1125:
1120:
1109:
1107:
1103:
1102:
1100:
1099:
1094:
1089:
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1079:
1074:
1069:
1067:Horned Serpent
1064:
1059:
1053:
1051:
1047:
1046:
1044:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1027:
1026:
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675:
666:
643:
642:
640:
637:
636:
635:
628:
625:
569:
566:
542:
541:After the wars
539:
512:William Blount
491:
488:
429:Middle Striker
391:
388:
376:George Colbert
356:East Tennessee
347:
344:
332:Dragging Canoe
324:Overhill Towns
322:Living in the
298:Attakullakulla
284:
281:
244:
243:
226:
225:
181:
179:
172:
165:
164:
79:
77:
70:
65:
39:
38:
36:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2639:
2628:
2625:
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2549:
2548:
2541:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2512:Redbird Smith
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2502:Sam Sixkiller
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
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2339:
2337:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2312:Joel B. Mayes
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2287:Lewis Downing
2285:
2284:
2282:
2278:
2277:Richard Sneed
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2262:Gerard Parker
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2242:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2217:Tahlonteeskee
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2192:William Hicks
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2167:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2142:Little Turkey
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2089:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2080:
2074:
2073:Cherokee Path
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
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2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
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1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
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1871:
1868:
1867:
1865:
1861:Landmarks and
1859:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1842:
1841:Eastern Band
1840:
1836:
1835:Tahlonteeskee
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1822:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1805:Running Water
1803:
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1450:
1446:
1436:
1433:
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1426:
1423:
1422:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1415:Male Seminary
1413:
1411:
1408:
1407:
1405:
1401:
1400:
1396:
1395:
1394:
1391:
1389:
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1371:
1369:
1366:
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1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1348:
1346:Organizations
1344:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1312:
1311:
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1201:
1198:
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1188:
1184:
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1179:
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1146:
1143:
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1133:
1131:
1128:
1124:
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1119:
1116:
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1111:
1110:
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1104:
1098:
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1080:
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631:
630:
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610:
607:, and nephew
606:
602:
596:
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590:
586:
581:
579:
575:
565:
561:
559:
558:Chuqualataque
555:
552:
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538:
534:
531:
525:
523:
518:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
487:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
456:Mero District
452:
450:
449:Tahlonteeskee
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
421:
420:Tahlonteeskee
414:
410:
408:
403:
401:
397:
387:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
360:Muscle Shoals
357:
353:
343:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
320:
318:
314:
310:
309:
308:Tahlonteeskee
304:
300:
299:
294:
290:
283:Personal life
280:
278:
277:Chuqualataque
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
240:
237:
222:
219:
211:
201:
196:
192:
188:
187:
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161:
158:
150:
139:
136:
132:
129:
125:
122:
118:
115:
111:
108: –
107:
103:
102:Find sources:
96:
92:
86:
85:
80:This article
78:
74:
69:
68:
63:
61:
54:
53:
48:
47:
42:
37:
28:
27:
22:
2567:1740s births
2544:
2532:Shawna Baker
2467:Ned Christie
2392:John W. Hair
2352:Ross Swimmer
2347:W. W. Keeler
2156:
2102:Amouskositte
2048:Tuckaleechee
2018:Abrams Creek
1980:Untokiasdiyi
1955:Blythe Ferry
1506:
1497:
1489:
1481:
1397:
1297:
1162:Tribal Wars
1036:Booger dance
899:Eastern Band
829:
808:
801:
794:
784:
777:
770:
763:
746:
739:
718:
700:
689:. Retrieved
678:
669:
658:. Retrieved
647:
620:
614:
597:
593:
582:
571:
562:
557:
548:
544:
535:
526:
495:
493:
468:cannibalized
453:
448:
444:
424:
418:
415:
411:
404:
393:
352:White's Fort
349:
321:
306:
296:
288:
286:
276:
256:
252:
248:
247:
232:
214:
208:October 2020
205:
198:Please help
194:
183:
153:
144:
134:
127:
120:
113:
106:"Doublehead"
101:
89:Please help
84:verification
81:
57:
50:
44:
43:Please help
40:
2572:1807 deaths
2492:Major Ridge
2472:John Martin
2452:Joseph Vann
2342:J. B. Milam
2267:Joyce Dugan
2237:John Rogers
2232:John Looney
2227:Sam Houston
2157:Incalatanga
1970:Mantle Rock
1895:Long Island
1632:Island town
1470:1842 revolt
1378:Youth Choir
1077:Nun'Yunu'Wi
1031:Stomp dance
1019:Black drink
1014:Ethnobotany
585:Major Ridge
522:John Sevier
517:Hanging Maw
480:Beaver Wars
279:) in 1802.
263:during the
257:Tal-tsu'tsa
253:Incalatanga
202:if you can.
2561:Categories
2545:See also:
2447:David Vann
2442:James Vann
2437:Wauhatchie
2427:Goingsnake
2402:Nancy Ward
2222:John Jolly
2177:Pathkiller
2137:Old Tassel
2127:Oconostota
1795:Turtletown
1790:Turkeytown
1780:Tuckasegee
1715:Oostanaula
1662:Long Swamp
1657:Kulsetsiyi
1406:Education
1140:Ani-kutani
1097:Tsul 'Kalu
1062:Deer Woman
824:John Watts
691:2015-03-29
660:2015-03-29
639:References
605:John Ridge
578:James Vann
554:John Watts
530:James Vann
425:Talotiskee
313:John Jolly
303:Old Tassel
249:Doublehead
147:March 2015
117:newspapers
46:improve it
2457:Bob Benge
2422:Junaluska
2257:Tsaladihi
2247:Yonaguska
2197:John Ross
2182:Big Tiger
2162:Tagwadihi
2152:Kunokeski
2132:Savanukah
2068:Tlanusiyi
1935:Fort Cass
1830:Tahlequah
1810:Titsohili
1775:Tsatanugi
1690:Nickajack
1677:Nantahala
1672:Nacoochee
1602:Dirt town
1582:Conasauga
1572:Chilhowee
1562:Brasstown
1543:Towns and
1525:in Kansas
1460:Blood Law
1092:U'tlun'ta
970:syllabary
841:The Glass
619:'s novel
617:Dee Brown
504:Knoxville
484:The Ridge
460:Bob Benge
435:known as
400:Willstown
396:Bob Benge
372:Chickasaw
289:Willenewa
52:talk page
2362:Joe Byrd
2302:Utselata
2292:Degataga
2212:Degadoga
2207:The Bowl
1985:Standing
1845:Cherokee
1800:Tuskegee
1760:Tomotley
1755:Tomassee
1720:Red Clay
1667:Mialoquo
1622:Hiwassee
1617:Frogtown
1607:Ducktown
1597:Crowtown
1545:villages
1130:Treaties
1123:military
1118:timeline
1082:Nûñnë'hï
960:Language
930:Calendar
880:Cherokee
633:Sequoyah
627:See also
496:Ustanali
472:Iroquois
464:Kentucky
445:Chiksika
380:Muskogee
340:pacifist
261:Cherokee
184:require
2487:Sequoya
2107:Old Hop
2043:Chatata
1785:Tugaloo
1770:Toxoway
1750:Tellico
1740:Talulah
1725:Settico
1700:Nununyi
1695:Nikwasi
1637:Isunigu
1592:Coyotee
1567:Chatuga
1465:Slavery
1310:Removal
1113:History
1106:History
1050:Legends
1024:Kanuchi
997:Marbles
965:history
920:Society
913:Culture
712:Sources
500:Choctaw
384:Shawnee
368:Alabama
362:on the
326:on the
293:Old Hop
186:cleanup
131:scholar
2082:People
1745:Tanasi
1735:Talisi
1710:Oconee
1685:Echota
1652:Kituwa
1647:Keowee
1612:Etowah
1511:(2005)
1503:(1871)
1494:(1832)
1486:(1831)
1135:Kituwa
950:Ghigau
945:Gadugi
940:Chiefs
887:Tribes
753:
732:
476:Mohawk
133:
126:
119:
112:
104:
2407:Tsali
2172:Enola
1988:Stone
1765:Toqua
1705:Ocoee
1642:Joara
1587:Cowee
1577:Chota
1159:Wars
935:Clans
568:Death
138:JSTOR
124:books
1501:case
751:ISBN
730:ISBN
725:116.
423:(or
311:and
110:news
1682:New
560:).
447:);
354:in
93:by
2563::
793:.
623:.
524:.
402:.
382:,
55:.
872:e
865:t
858:v
757:.
694:.
663:.
255:(
239:)
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160:)
154:(
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135:·
128:·
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87:.
62:)
58:(
23:.
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