816:
808:
625:
45:
683:
1317:
217:
927:
939:
Because the necropolis of
Sekhemkhet was never finished, it is hard to say which planned cultic building had already existed. The pyramid courtyard was surrounded by a niched enclosure wall facing north-west. It was 1.850 ft long, 607 ft wide and 33 ft high. The only archaeologically
883:
The entrance to
Sekhemkhet's burial lies on the northern side of the pyramid. An open passage leads down for 200 ft. Halfway down the track a vertical shaft meets the passage from above. It opens on the surface and its entrance would lie at the second step of the pyramid, if the monument had
887:
At the meeting spot of the passage and shaft another passageway leads down to a subterranean, U-shaped gallery containing at least 120 magazines. The whole gallery complex has the appearance of a giant comb. Shortly before the burial chamber is reached the main passage splits into two further
922:
in Cairo. A small trove of 21 gold bracelets in
Sekhemkhet's tomb was also found in this king's tomb. The bracelets and shell shaped container likely escaped detection by ancient Egyptian tomb robbers who would have looted Sekhemkhet's tomb and the king's sarcophagus in ancient times.
710:
crown. The second inscription depicts a scene known as "smiting the enemy": Sekhemkhet has grabbed a foe by its hair and raises his arm in an attempt to club the enemy to death with a ceremonial sceptre. The presence of these reliefs at Wadi
Maghareh suggests that local mines of
940:
preserved cultic building is the
Southern Tomb, its base measurement is estimated to be 105 ft x 52 ft. The subterranean structure included a tight corridor, beginning on the western side of the tomb and ending in a double chamber. In this chamber in 1963
855:). If the pyramid had been completed, it would have had six or seven steps and a final height of 240.5 ft (140 cubits). These proportions would have given the pyramid an angle of elevation of 51˚50', identical to the pyramid at
944:
excavated the burial of a two-year-old toddler. The identity of this child remains a mystery. The only fact known for certain about it is that it cannot be king
Sekhemkhet himself, since the king was always depicted as a young man.
891:
The burial chamber has a base measurement of 29 ft x 17 ft and a height of 15 ft. It was also left unfinished, but surprisingly a nearly completely arranged burial was found. The
1259:
Alessandro
Bongioanni & Maria Croce (ed.), The Treasures of Ancient Egypt: From the Egyptian Museum in Cairo, Universe Publishing, a division of Ruzzoli Publications Inc., 2003. p.344
871:
blocks. The monument was not finished, possibly because of the pharaoh's sudden death. Only the first step of the pyramid was completed, leaving a monument in the shape of a large square
903:
when the sarcophagus was found. The sarcophagus was empty, however and it remains unclear whether the site was ransacked after burial or whether King
Sekhemkhet was buried elsewhere.
667:
V. Wilkinson states that "this figure is fairly certain, since the titulary begins immediately after the dividing line marking the change of reign.". Similarly, the historian
640:
attributes six years of reign to
Sekhemkhet, a figure also proposed by Myriam Wissa based on the unfinished state of Sekhemkhet's pyramid. Using his reconstruction of the
679:
mentioned by
Manetho. However, such a long reign is at odds with the unfinished state of the buried pyramid and this view is generally rejected by Egyptologists.
770:, but this name appears without any queen's title, and Egyptologists dispute the true meaning and reading of this name. The name has alternatively been read as
4811:
653:
236:
694:
Little is known about activities conducted during Sekhemkhet's reign. The only preserved documents showing Sekhemkhet are two rock inscriptions at
4890:
948:
No further cultic buildings were detected, but Egyptologists and archaeologists are convinced that once upon a time a mortuary temple and a
4826:
4821:
1148:
Die Siegelabrollungen und Rollsiegel der Stadt Elephantine im 3. Jahrtausend v.Chr. Spurensicherung eines archäologischen Artefaktes
930:
An ivory plaque bearing the form of Sekhemkhet's Saqqara King List name of "Djoserti" found in the remains of his step pyramid tomb.
888:
magazine galleries, surrounding the burial chamber like a "U" (similar to the big northern gallery), but they were never finished.
466:
463:
447:
413:
375:
341:
306:
4801:
4796:
899:
and shows an unusual feature: its opening lies on the front side and is sealed by a sliding door, which was still plastered with
452:
450:
398:
390:
270:
265:
191:
188:
4806:
1298:
Wilkinson, Toby. Royal Annals of Ancient Egypt: The Palermo Stone and Its Associated Fragments, Kegan Paul International, 2000.
1109:, Archaeological and historical Studies, Vol. 7, ZDB-ID 800015-3, Archaeological Society of Alexandria, Alexandria 1983, p. 221
326:
272:
194:
4786:
782:
as the direct successor of Djoser. Sekhemkhet surely had sons and daughters, but up to this date no personal name was found.
460:
457:
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395:
393:
323:
321:
268:
159:
119:
4816:
4791:
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2115:
1375:
1349:
4885:
1247:
1201:
1180:
1159:
1127:
1067:
1042:
1021:
4836:
4023:
110:
819:
A hoard of 21 gold bracellets and a shell shaped container found in Sekhemkhet's pyramid tomb on display at the
4073:
3800:
3656:
1222:
4369:
4159:
4091:
3956:
3823:
3733:
3546:
1664:
44:
3941:
3878:
3161:
910:
was found by an Egyptian Antiquities Service excavation team in 1950. The object has a length of 1.4
758:. It is not entirely clear whether this is indeed Sekhemkhet's nebty name or that of a yet unknown queen.
4302:
3411:
3323:
2808:
2585:
2576:
1321:
815:
4131:
3464:
3201:
3028:
2960:
1542:
566:. His reign is thought to have been from about 2648 BC until 2640 BC. He is also known under his later
4652:
2423:
961:
1308:
675:, by contrast, proposed a reign of nineteen years, because he believed that Sekhemkhet might be the
652:
assigns seven years to this king. This figure is based on the number of year registers preserved in
2497:
2268:
2130:
1062:, Orientalia Monspeliensia. Vol. 9, 2, Université Paul Valéry – Montpellier III, Montpellier 1997,
966:
17:
835:. A sealed sarcophagus was discovered beneath the pyramid, but when opened was found to be empty.
719:
were exploited during Sekhemkhet's reign. These mines were apparently active throughout the early
4337:
4252:
4229:
2546:
2408:
2345:
2134:
1934:
1750:
4841:
4831:
4379:
4358:
4277:
3191:
3051:
2661:
2295:
2255:
2049:
1991:
1875:
1679:
1342:
720:
645:
559:
535:
600:. Little is known about this king, since he ruled for only a few years. However, he erected a
4851:
4327:
4292:
4272:
4262:
4224:
2824:
2728:
2082:
952:
existed but were destroyed due to the looting of stone from his cult buildings in antiquity.
860:
4846:
4352:
4307:
3680:
3308:
3243:
3096:
3091:
2798:
2793:
2646:
2072:
1860:
1739:
664:
563:
636:
The duration of Sekhemkhet's reign is believed to have been six to seven years. The royal
8:
4342:
4317:
4282:
4219:
3594:
3569:
2773:
2768:
2192:
1623:
941:
671:
lists Sekhemkhet under the name of Tyreis and indicates that he reigned for seven years.
65:
4632:
4619:
4196:
3206:
2778:
2753:
1820:
1595:
4687:
4666:
4560:
4527:
4239:
3574:
3196:
3076:
2698:
2626:
2284:
2087:
2077:
2009:
1335:
1243:
1218:
1197:
1176:
1155:
1123:
1063:
1038:
1017:
864:
789:, who was the final king of the Second Dynasty. If this is true, his mother would be
779:
807:
4866:
4693:
4521:
4287:
4041:
3624:
2921:
2817:
2758:
2182:
2162:
1060:Études sur l'Ancien empire et la nécropole de Saqqâra dédiées à Jean-Philippe Lauer
900:
593:
283:
4638:
4608:
4567:
4503:
4247:
4177:
4047:
3386:
3041:
2763:
2157:
1795:
1763:
1602:
1236:
Die Königsmütter des Alten Ägypten von der Frühzeit bis zum Ende der 12. Dynastie
919:
820:
699:
672:
637:
613:
424:
2344:
785:
Some consider Sekhemkhet to be the brother of Djoser, making him another son of
4734:
4532:
4493:
4211:
4167:
4036:
3120:
3046:
2876:
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2197:
2152:
2034:
2029:
1609:
1588:
1554:
832:
828:
802:
649:
525:
352:
4879:
4413:
4312:
4144:
4114:
3790:
3645:
3502:
3371:
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3186:
3136:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2723:
2530:
2461:
2451:
2313:
2067:
1815:
1758:
1711:
1548:
1507:
1094:
Royal Annals of Ancient Egypt: The Palermo Stone and Its Associated Fragments
1081:
Royal Annals of Ancient Egypt: The Palermo Stone and Its Associated Fragments
767:
732:
695:
658:
641:
609:
577:
551:
492:
50:
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147:
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2505:
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2217:
2212:
2019:
1846:
1826:
1640:
1574:
1565:
1449:
1281:
892:
848:
786:
747:
687:
503:
4719:
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4553:
4374:
4257:
4182:
4109:
3998:
3813:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3723:
3711:
3691:
3664:
3634:
3614:
3559:
3512:
3487:
3419:
3381:
3351:
3341:
3081:
2881:
2871:
2641:
2636:
2601:
2510:
2482:
2303:
2207:
2202:
2187:
2172:
1980:
1974:
1616:
1434:
1371:
743:
739:
570:
624:
4659:
4574:
4537:
4463:
4457:
4384:
4364:
4081:
4063:
4008:
3988:
3851:
3686:
3669:
3619:
3472:
3439:
3434:
3376:
3175:
2996:
2949:
2901:
2861:
2838:
2611:
2477:
2446:
2100:
2014:
1840:
1721:
1458:
1120:
Sinai. The site & the history. Essays. Photographs by Ayman Taher
896:
868:
790:
716:
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514:
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3836:
3808:
3401:
3331:
3143:
3129:
3109:
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2928:
2886:
2718:
2688:
2651:
2596:
2441:
2318:
2223:
2167:
2062:
1969:
1963:
1952:
1918:
1802:
1788:
1781:
1768:
1732:
1472:
682:
4706:
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3602:
3554:
3454:
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3169:
3066:
3036:
3018:
3007:
2990:
2942:
2935:
2866:
2788:
2436:
2244:
2230:
2142:
2093:
1999:
1942:
1893:
1726:
1716:
1696:
1629:
1479:
1358:
872:
728:
707:
668:
605:
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555:
97:
58:
1370:
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4003:
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3150:
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2004:
1957:
1911:
1883:
1809:
1687:
1646:
1528:
1493:
1465:
1316:
949:
856:
852:
750:. The Egyptologist Jean Pierre Pätznik reads the Nebty name as
724:
712:
703:
597:
87:
4699:
4478:
4468:
4446:
4104:
3013:
3001:
2914:
2831:
2682:
2616:
2278:
1947:
1905:
1899:
1691:
1650:
1521:
1514:
1500:
596:). Sekhemkhet was probably the brother or eldest son of king
101:
831:" and was first excavated in 1952 by Egyptian archaeologist
4451:
4441:
3831:
3706:
2907:
2237:
2057:
2039:
1924:
1706:
1701:
1535:
1327:
926:
911:
907:
746:
were found at the eastern excavation site on the island of
172:
2656:
847:
from the first. Its base was a square measuring 378
702:. The first one shows Sekhemkhet twice: once wearing the
3877:
1291:
Leclant, Jean. "A Brief History of the Old Kingdom". in
827:
Sekhemkhet's pyramid is sometimes referred to as the "
1096:. Kegan Paul International, London 2000, page 79-80.
1083:. Kegan Paul International, London 2000, page 115.
811:Schematical depiction of Sekhemkhet's step pyramid
1107:Some Problems on the History of the Third Dynasty
608:and left behind a well known rock inscription at
4877:
895:in the midst of the chamber is made of polished
1122:. New York University Press, New York NY 1998,
1343:
1309:Francesco Raffaele: SEKHEMHET / DJOSER(TE)TY
1350:
1336:
1242:, vol. 46). Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 2001,
1144:Die Abfolge der Horusnamen der 3. Dynastie
43:
1186:
1154:. Vol. 1339). Archaeopress, Oxford 2005,
994:Wilkinson 2000 based on the Palermo Stone
878:
738:Several clay seals presenting an unusual
690:showing Sekhemkhet horus and nebty names.
4760:
925:
814:
806:
756:The two ladies are pleased with his name
681:
623:
254:The two ladies are pleased with his name
1295:, The Metropolitan Museum of Art. 1999.
1293:Egyptian Art in the Age of the Pyramids
1288:, The Metropolitan Museum of Art. 1999.
1286:Egyptian Art in the Age of the Pyramids
774:and identified with the cartouche-name
169:
27:Ancient Egyptian Pharaoh of 3rd dynasty
14:
4891:Pharaohs of the Third Dynasty of Egypt
4878:
3907:
3272:
2374:
1400:
1138:
1136:
843:Sekhemkhet's pyramid was planned as a
4759:
3876:
3241:
2343:
1369:
1331:
1165:
934:
4412:
1228:
1207:
1056:À propos du sarcophage de Sékhemkhet
1284:. "Excavating the Old Kingdom". in
1196:. Routledge, London/New York 1999,
1133:
1037:, Griffith Institute, Oxford 1997,
1016:, Griffith Institute, Oxford 1997,
24:
364:The blessed one, of true greatness
38:Djosertety, Djoserty, Teti, Tyreis
25:
4902:
1302:
1175:. Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1987,
906:A shell shaped container made of
1315:
766:Sekhemkhet's wife may have been
215:
1275:
1262:
1253:
1173:Untersuchungen zur Thinitenzeit
1112:
914:and is currently on display in
1099:
1086:
1073:
1048:
1027:
1006:
997:
988:
979:
838:
13:
1:
4370:Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator
1268:Bongioanni & Croce, p.344
972:
686:Clay seal from the island of
243:
126:
74:
1357:
1146:. In: Jean-Pierre Pätznick:
867:, Sekhemkhet's was built of
731:were also discovered in the
7:
4303:Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator
1240:Ägypten und Altes Testament
955:
742:together with Sekhemkhet's
706:crown, another wearing the
10:
4907:
3202:Sekhemre-Heruhirmaat Intef
2586:Sekhemrekhutawy Sobekhotep
2350:Second Intermediate Period
1217:. Routledge, London 2001,
800:
632:from the Abydos king list.
439:
367:
298:
257:
206:
180:
175:
151:
49:Relief of Sekhemkhet from
4864:
4766:
4755:
4653:Lucius Mussius Aemilianus
4397:
4343:Ptolemy XII Neos Dionysos
4238:
4210:
4195:
4158:
4130:
4090:
4072:
4022:
3955:
3940:
3898:
3894:
3872:
3822:
3799:
3732:
3655:
3593:
3545:
3530:
3463:
3410:
3322:
3307:
3263:
3259:
3248:Third Intermediate Period
3237:
3160:
3119:
3027:
2959:
2807:
2575:
2560:
2496:
2470:
2422:
2407:
2365:
2361:
2339:
2294:
2254:
2129:
2114:
2048:
1990:
1933:
1874:
1859:
1749:
1678:
1663:
1564:
1448:
1433:
1391:
1387:
1376:First Intermediate Period
1365:
1152:BAR. International Series
1118:Morsi Saad El-Din u. a.:
962:List of Egyptian pyramids
851:x 378 ft (220 x 220
761:
531:
521:
510:
499:
488:
242:
235:
179:
125:
118:
107:
93:
83:
64:
57:
42:
37:
32:
4886:27th-century BC pharaohs
4365:Cleopatra VII Philopator
2622:Ameny Antef Amenemhet VI
1380: (<3150–2040 BC)
1058:, in: Catherine Berger:
1035:The Royal Canon of Turin
1014:The Royal Canon of Turin
967:List of megalithic sites
619:
4338:Ptolemy XI Alexander II
4253:Ptolemy II Philadelphus
2547:Seankhibtawy Seankhibra
1250:, p. 59-61 & 65–67.
796:
4380:Ptolemy XIV Philopator
4359:Cleopatra VI Tryphaena
4353:Berenice IV Epiphaneia
4308:Ptolemy VIII Euergetes
4278:Arsinoe III Philopator
3192:Sekhemre-Wepmaat Intef
2662:Sekhemrekhutawy Khabaw
2602:Sekhemkare Amenemhat V
2193:Neferkare VI Pepiseneb
1225:, p. 80 - 82, 94 - 97.
1213:Toby A. H. Wilkinson:
1192:Toby A. H. Wilkinson:
1142:Jean-Pierre Pätznick:
1092:Toby A. H. Wilkinson:
1079:Toby A. H. Wilkinson:
931:
879:Subterranean structure
824:
812:
691:
633:
137:Powerful body of Horus
4328:Ptolemy X Alexander I
4293:Ptolemy VI Philometor
4273:Ptolemy IV Philopator
4268:Berenice II Euergetes
4263:Ptolemy III Euergetes
4225:Philip III Arrhidaeus
2734:Khahotepre Sobekhotep
2729:Merhotepre Sobekhotep
2083:Merenre Nemtyemsaf II
929:
861:Great Pyramid of Giza
818:
810:
685:
627:
436:The blessed one comes
4761:Dynastic genealogies
4385:Ptolemy XV Caesarion
3681:Tutkheperre Shoshenq
3595:High Priests of Amun
3097:Merankhre Mentuhotep
2799:Seheqenre Sankhptahi
2794:Sewadjare Mentuhotep
2647:Khaankhre Sobekhotep
2354: (2040–1550 BC)
2073:Merenre Nemtyemsaf I
1324:at Wikimedia Commons
1215:Early Dynastic Egypt
1194:Early Dynastic Egypt
4283:Ptolemy V Epiphanes
4220:Alexander the Great
3252: (1550–664 BC)
2774:Mershepsesre Ini II
2769:Merkawre Sobekhotep
2163:Neferkare IV Khendu
942:Jean-Philippe Lauer
4620:Trebonianus Gallus
3207:Senakhtenre Ahmose
2825:Ya'ammu Nubwoserre
2779:Sewahenre Senebmiu
2754:Sankhenre Sewadjtu
2183:Neferkare V Tereru
2153:Neferkare III Neby
1821:Sekhemib-Perenmaat
1033:Alan H. Gardiner:
1012:Alan H. Gardiner:
935:Necropolis complex
932:
825:
813:
692:
634:
4873:
4872:
4860:
4859:
4751:
4750:
4747:
4746:
4743:
4742:
4667:Claudius Gothicus
4561:Severus Alexander
4528:Septimius Severus
4393:
4392:
4191:
4190:
3936:
3935:
3868:
3867:
3864:
3863:
3860:
3859:
3575:Osorkon the Elder
3526:
3525:
3303:
3302:
3233:
3232:
3229:
3228:
3225:
3224:
3197:Nubkheperre Intef
3077:Sekhemre Shedwast
2699:Sehetepkare Intef
2627:Semenkare Nebnuni
2556:
2555:
2403:
2402:
2335:
2334:
2331:
2330:
2327:
2326:
2110:
2109:
2088:Netjerkare Siptah
2010:Neferirkare Kakai
1855:
1854:
1659:
1658:
1429:
1428:
1320:Media related to
780:Saqqara King List
778:presented in the
723:since reliefs of
541:
540:
482:
481:
478:
477:
474:
473:
470:
469:
421:
420:
417:
416:
410:
409:
402:
401:
349:
348:
345:
344:
338:
337:
330:
329:
295:Of true greatness
280:
279:
276:
275:
231:
230:
227:
226:
223:
222:
210:
209:
202:
201:
198:
197:
167:
166:
163:
162:
100:(most likely) or
16:(Redirected from
4898:
4867:List of pharaohs
4757:
4756:
4522:Pescennius Niger
4410:
4409:
4406:
4405:
4318:Ptolemy IX Soter
4288:Cleopatra I Syra
4208:
4207:
4204:
4203:
3953:
3952:
3949:
3948:
3905:
3904:
3896:
3895:
3889:
3888:
3874:
3873:
3625:Djedkhonsuefankh
3543:
3542:
3539:
3538:
3320:
3319:
3316:
3315:
3290:
3285:
3270:
3269:
3261:
3260:
3254:
3253:
3239:
3238:
2832:Qareh Khawoserre
2818:Yakbim Sekhaenre
2759:Mersekhemre Ined
2573:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2420:
2419:
2416:
2415:
2372:
2371:
2363:
2362:
2356:
2355:
2341:
2340:
2127:
2126:
2123:
2122:
1872:
1871:
1868:
1867:
1676:
1675:
1672:
1671:
1446:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1398:
1397:
1389:
1388:
1382:
1381:
1367:
1366:
1352:
1345:
1338:
1329:
1328:
1319:
1269:
1266:
1260:
1257:
1251:
1232:
1226:
1211:
1205:
1190:
1184:
1171:Wolfgang Helck:
1169:
1163:
1140:
1131:
1116:
1110:
1103:
1097:
1090:
1084:
1077:
1071:
1052:
1046:
1031:
1025:
1010:
1004:
1001:
995:
992:
986:
983:
884:been completed.
865:Djoser's pyramid
662:
654:Cairo Fragment I
594:Abydos King List
552:ancient Egyptian
444:
443:
440:
387:
386:
379:
378:
372:
371:
368:
318:
317:
310:
309:
303:
302:
299:
284:Abydos King List
262:
261:
258:
244:
219:
218:
185:
184:
181:
173:
156:
155:
152:
148:
144:
143:
127:
116:
115:
79:
76:
47:
30:
29:
21:
4906:
4905:
4901:
4900:
4899:
4897:
4896:
4895:
4876:
4875:
4874:
4869:
4856:
4762:
4739:
4639:Macrianus Minor
4568:Maximinus Thrax
4504:Marcus Aurelius
4403:
4402:
4401:
4389:
4248:Ptolemy I Soter
4234:
4201:
4200:
4199:
4187:
4154:
4126:
4086:
4068:
4048:Psammetichus IV
4018:
3946:
3945:
3944:
3932:
3910:
3901:
3890:
3887:(664 BC–313 AD)
3886:
3885:
3856:
3818:
3795:
3791:Menkheperre Ini
3728:
3651:
3589:
3536:
3535:
3534:
3522:
3459:
3406:
3387:Neferneferuaten
3313:
3312:
3311:
3299:
3298:
3288:
3283:
3282:Pharaohs
3275:
3266:
3255:
3251:
3250:
3221:
3156:
3115:
3042:Sobekhotep VIII
3023:
2955:
2803:
2764:Sewadjkare Hori
2566:
2565:
2564:
2552:
2492:
2466:
2413:
2412:
2411:
2399:
2377:
2368:
2357:
2353:
2352:
2323:
2290:
2250:
2158:Djedkare Shemai
2120:
2119:
2118:
2106:
2044:
1986:
1929:
1865:
1864:
1863:
1851:
1745:
1669:
1668:
1667:
1655:
1560:
1439:
1438:
1437:
1425:
1403:
1394:
1383:
1379:
1378:
1361:
1356:
1305:
1278:
1273:
1272:
1267:
1263:
1258:
1254:
1233:
1229:
1212:
1208:
1191:
1187:
1170:
1166:
1141:
1134:
1117:
1113:
1104:
1100:
1091:
1087:
1078:
1074:
1053:
1049:
1032:
1028:
1011:
1007:
1002:
998:
993:
989:
985:Turin King List
984:
980:
975:
958:
937:
920:Egyptian Museum
881:
841:
821:Egyptian Museum
805:
799:
764:
700:Sinai peninsula
656:
628:Cartouche name
622:
614:Sinai Peninsula
588:; derived from
484:
483:
456:
451:
438:
434:
430:
428:
425:Turin King List
422:
394:
366:
362:
358:
356:
350:
322:
297:
293:
289:
287:
281:
271:
269:
256:
252:
248:
216:
135:
131:
113:
77:
73:
71:
53:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4904:
4894:
4893:
4888:
4871:
4870:
4865:
4862:
4861:
4858:
4857:
4855:
4854:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4834:
4829:
4824:
4819:
4814:
4809:
4804:
4799:
4794:
4789:
4784:
4779:
4776:
4773:
4767:
4764:
4763:
4753:
4752:
4749:
4748:
4745:
4744:
4741:
4740:
4738:
4737:
4735:Maximinus Daza
4732:
4727:
4722:
4717:
4710:
4703:
4696:
4691:
4684:
4677:
4670:
4663:
4656:
4649:
4642:
4635:
4630:
4623:
4616:
4611:
4606:
4599:
4592:
4585:
4578:
4571:
4564:
4557:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4518:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4494:Antoninus Pius
4491:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4418:
4416:
4407:
4404:(30 BC–313 AD)
4395:
4394:
4391:
4390:
4388:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4335:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4244:
4242:
4236:
4235:
4233:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4216:
4214:
4205:
4193:
4192:
4189:
4188:
4186:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4168:Artaxerxes III
4164:
4162:
4156:
4155:
4153:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4136:
4134:
4128:
4127:
4125:
4124:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4096:
4094:
4088:
4087:
4085:
4084:
4078:
4076:
4070:
4069:
4067:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4044:
4039:
4037:Petubastis III
4034:
4028:
4026:
4020:
4019:
4017:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3974:
3969:
3961:
3959:
3950:
3938:
3937:
3934:
3933:
3931:
3930:
3925:
3924:
3923:
3920:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3902:
3899:
3892:
3891:
3870:
3869:
3866:
3865:
3862:
3861:
3858:
3857:
3855:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3828:
3826:
3820:
3819:
3817:
3816:
3811:
3805:
3803:
3797:
3796:
3794:
3793:
3788:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3738:
3736:
3730:
3729:
3727:
3726:
3721:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3661:
3659:
3653:
3652:
3650:
3649:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3605:
3599:
3597:
3591:
3590:
3588:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3551:
3549:
3540:
3532:3 Intermediate
3528:
3527:
3524:
3523:
3521:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3469:
3467:
3461:
3460:
3458:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3416:
3414:
3408:
3407:
3405:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3328:
3326:
3317:
3314:(1550–1070 BC)
3305:
3304:
3301:
3300:
3297:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3279:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3267:
3264:
3257:
3256:
3235:
3234:
3231:
3230:
3227:
3226:
3223:
3222:
3220:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3172:
3166:
3164:
3158:
3157:
3155:
3154:
3147:
3140:
3133:
3125:
3123:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3113:
3106:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3047:Neferhotep III
3044:
3039:
3033:
3031:
3025:
3024:
3022:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2987:
2980:
2973:
2965:
2963:
2957:
2956:
2954:
2953:
2946:
2939:
2932:
2925:
2918:
2911:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2877:Sewadjkare III
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2846:Maaibre Sheshi
2842:
2839:'Ammu Ahotepre
2835:
2828:
2821:
2813:
2811:
2805:
2804:
2802:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2749:Merhotepre Ini
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2709:Sobekhotep III
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2581:
2579:
2570:
2567:(1802–1550 BC)
2562:2 Intermediate
2558:
2557:
2554:
2553:
2551:
2550:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2502:
2500:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2474:
2472:
2468:
2467:
2465:
2464:
2459:
2457:Mentuhotep III
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2428:
2426:
2417:
2414:(2040–1802 BC)
2409:Middle Kingdom
2405:
2404:
2401:
2400:
2398:
2397:
2392:
2391:
2390:
2387:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2369:
2366:
2359:
2358:
2346:Middle Kingdom
2337:
2336:
2333:
2332:
2329:
2328:
2325:
2324:
2322:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2309:Neferkare VIII
2306:
2300:
2298:
2292:
2291:
2289:
2288:
2281:
2276:
2274:Nebkaure Khety
2271:
2266:
2264:Meryibre Khety
2260:
2258:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2248:
2241:
2234:
2227:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2198:Neferkamin Anu
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2139:
2137:
2124:
2121:(2181–2040 BC)
2116:1 Intermediate
2112:
2111:
2108:
2107:
2105:
2104:
2097:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2054:
2052:
2046:
2045:
2043:
2042:
2037:
2035:Djedkare Isesi
2032:
2030:Menkauhor Kaiu
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1996:
1994:
1988:
1987:
1985:
1984:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1939:
1937:
1931:
1930:
1928:
1927:
1922:
1915:
1908:
1903:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1880:
1878:
1869:
1866:(2686–2181 BC)
1857:
1856:
1853:
1852:
1850:
1849:
1844:
1837:
1830:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1806:
1799:
1792:
1785:
1778:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1755:
1753:
1747:
1746:
1744:
1743:
1736:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1684:
1682:
1673:
1670:(3150–2686 BC)
1665:Early Dynastic
1661:
1660:
1657:
1656:
1654:
1653:
1644:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1620:
1613:
1606:
1599:
1592:
1585:
1578:
1570:
1568:
1562:
1561:
1559:
1558:
1551:
1546:
1539:
1532:
1525:
1518:
1511:
1504:
1497:
1490:
1483:
1476:
1469:
1462:
1454:
1452:
1443:
1431:
1430:
1427:
1426:
1424:
1423:
1418:
1417:
1416:
1413:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1395:
1392:
1385:
1384:
1363:
1362:
1355:
1354:
1347:
1340:
1332:
1326:
1325:
1312:
1311:
1304:
1303:External links
1301:
1300:
1299:
1296:
1289:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1270:
1261:
1252:
1227:
1206:
1185:
1183:, pp 108, 117.
1164:
1132:
1111:
1105:Nabil Swelim:
1098:
1085:
1072:
1054:Myriam Wissa:
1047:
1026:
1005:
996:
987:
977:
976:
974:
971:
970:
969:
964:
957:
954:
936:
933:
880:
877:
840:
837:
833:Zakaria Goneim
829:Buried Pyramid
803:Buried Pyramid
801:Main article:
798:
795:
763:
760:
650:Toby Wilkinson
621:
618:
576:and under his
546:(also read as
539:
538:
533:
529:
528:
526:Buried Pyramid
523:
519:
518:
512:
508:
507:
501:
497:
496:
490:
486:
485:
480:
479:
476:
475:
472:
471:
468:
467:
464:
461:
458:
453:
448:
419:
418:
415:
414:
411:
408:
407:
404:
403:
400:
399:
396:
391:
383:
382:
376:
353:Saqqara Tablet
347:
346:
343:
342:
339:
336:
335:
332:
331:
328:
327:
324:
314:
313:
307:
278:
277:
274:
273:
266:
247:Nebty-Hetepren
240:
239:
233:
232:
229:
228:
225:
224:
221:
220:
213:
211:
208:
207:
204:
203:
200:
199:
196:
195:
192:
189:
177:
176:
170:
168:
165:
164:
161:
160:
140:
139:
130:Hor-Sekhemkhet
123:
122:
114:
111:Royal titulary
109:
108:
105:
104:
95:
91:
90:
85:
81:
80:
78: 2650 BC
70:6 regnal years
68:
62:
61:
55:
54:
48:
40:
39:
35:
34:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4903:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4883:
4881:
4868:
4863:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4783:
4780:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4768:
4765:
4758:
4754:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4715:
4711:
4709:
4708:
4704:
4702:
4701:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4689:
4685:
4683:
4682:
4678:
4676:
4675:
4671:
4669:
4668:
4664:
4662:
4661:
4657:
4655:
4654:
4650:
4648:
4647:
4643:
4641:
4640:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4628:
4624:
4622:
4621:
4617:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4604:
4600:
4598:
4597:
4593:
4591:
4590:
4586:
4584:
4583:
4579:
4577:
4576:
4572:
4570:
4569:
4565:
4563:
4562:
4558:
4556:
4555:
4551:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4523:
4519:
4517:
4516:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4459:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4419:
4417:
4415:
4411:
4408:
4400:
4396:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4360:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4313:Cleopatra III
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4245:
4243:
4241:
4237:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4217:
4215:
4213:
4209:
4206:
4198:
4194:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4165:
4163:
4161:
4157:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4137:
4135:
4133:
4129:
4123:
4122:
4118:
4116:
4115:Nepherites II
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4097:
4095:
4093:
4089:
4083:
4080:
4079:
4077:
4075:
4071:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4049:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4029:
4027:
4025:
4021:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3979:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3967:
3963:
3962:
3960:
3958:
3954:
3951:
3943:
3939:
3929:
3926:
3921:
3918:
3917:
3915:
3914:
3912:
3906:
3903:
3897:
3893:
3884:
3880:
3875:
3871:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3829:
3827:
3825:
3821:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3806:
3804:
3802:
3798:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3786:
3782:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3759:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3739:
3737:
3735:
3731:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3719:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3682:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3662:
3660:
3658:
3654:
3648:
3647:
3646:Psusennes III
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3610:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3600:
3598:
3596:
3592:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3552:
3550:
3548:
3544:
3541:
3537:(1069–664 BC)
3533:
3529:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3503:Ramesses VIII
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3470:
3468:
3466:
3462:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3417:
3415:
3413:
3409:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3372:Amenhotep III
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3329:
3327:
3325:
3321:
3318:
3310:
3306:
3295:
3292:
3287:
3281:
3280:
3277:
3271:
3268:
3262:
3258:
3249:
3245:
3240:
3236:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3212:Seqenenre Tao
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3187:Sobekemsaf II
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3177:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3167:
3165:
3163:
3159:
3153:
3152:
3148:
3146:
3145:
3141:
3139:
3138:
3137:Wepwawetemsaf
3134:
3132:
3131:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3122:
3118:
3112:
3111:
3107:
3105:
3104:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3034:
3032:
3030:
3026:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3009:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2992:
2988:
2986:
2985:
2981:
2979:
2978:
2974:
2972:
2971:
2967:
2966:
2964:
2962:
2958:
2952:
2951:
2947:
2945:
2944:
2940:
2938:
2937:
2933:
2931:
2930:
2926:
2924:
2923:
2919:
2917:
2916:
2912:
2910:
2909:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2847:
2843:
2841:
2840:
2836:
2834:
2833:
2829:
2827:
2826:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2815:
2814:
2812:
2810:
2806:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2744:Merneferre Ay
2742:
2740:
2739:Wahibre Ibiau
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2724:Sobekhotep IV
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2684:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2587:
2583:
2582:
2580:
2578:
2574:
2571:
2563:
2559:
2549:
2548:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2531:Amenemhat III
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2503:
2501:
2499:
2495:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2475:
2473:
2469:
2463:
2462:Mentuhotep IV
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2452:Mentuhotep II
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2429:
2427:
2425:
2421:
2418:
2410:
2406:
2396:
2393:
2388:
2385:
2384:
2382:
2381:
2379:
2373:
2370:
2364:
2360:
2351:
2347:
2342:
2338:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2314:Wahkare Khety
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2301:
2299:
2297:
2293:
2287:
2286:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2269:Neferkare VII
2267:
2265:
2262:
2261:
2259:
2257:
2253:
2247:
2246:
2242:
2240:
2239:
2235:
2233:
2232:
2228:
2226:
2225:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2125:
2117:
2113:
2103:
2102:
2098:
2096:
2095:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2055:
2053:
2051:
2047:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1989:
1983:
1982:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1965:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1940:
1938:
1936:
1932:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1920:
1916:
1914:
1913:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1901:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1881:
1879:
1877:
1873:
1870:
1862:
1858:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1842:
1838:
1836:
1835:
1831:
1829:
1828:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1816:Seth-Peribsen
1814:
1812:
1811:
1807:
1805:
1804:
1800:
1798:
1797:
1793:
1791:
1790:
1786:
1784:
1783:
1779:
1777:
1776:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1759:Hotepsekhemwy
1757:
1756:
1754:
1752:
1748:
1742:
1741:
1737:
1735:
1734:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1689:
1686:
1685:
1683:
1681:
1677:
1674:
1666:
1662:
1652:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1642:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1625:
1621:
1619:
1618:
1614:
1612:
1611:
1607:
1605:
1604:
1600:
1598:
1597:
1593:
1591:
1590:
1586:
1584:
1583:
1579:
1577:
1576:
1572:
1571:
1569:
1567:
1563:
1557:
1556:
1552:
1550:
1549:Double Falcon
1547:
1545:
1544:
1540:
1538:
1537:
1533:
1531:
1530:
1526:
1524:
1523:
1519:
1517:
1516:
1512:
1510:
1509:
1505:
1503:
1502:
1498:
1496:
1495:
1491:
1489:
1488:
1484:
1482:
1481:
1477:
1475:
1474:
1470:
1468:
1467:
1463:
1461:
1460:
1456:
1455:
1453:
1451:
1447:
1444:
1440:(pre-3150 BC)
1436:
1435:Protodynastic
1432:
1422:
1419:
1414:
1411:
1410:
1408:
1407:
1405:
1399:
1396:
1390:
1386:
1377:
1373:
1372:Protodynastic
1368:
1364:
1360:
1353:
1348:
1346:
1341:
1339:
1334:
1333:
1330:
1323:
1318:
1314:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1306:
1297:
1294:
1290:
1287:
1283:
1280:
1279:
1265:
1256:
1249:
1248:3-447-04368-7
1245:
1241:
1237:
1231:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1210:
1203:
1202:0-415-18633-1
1199:
1195:
1189:
1182:
1181:3-447-02677-4
1178:
1174:
1168:
1162:, page 76–79.
1161:
1160:1-84171-685-5
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1139:
1137:
1129:
1128:0-8147-2203-2
1125:
1121:
1115:
1108:
1102:
1095:
1089:
1082:
1076:
1070:, p. 445–448.
1069:
1068:2-8426-9046-X
1065:
1061:
1057:
1051:
1044:
1043:0-900416-48-3
1040:
1036:
1030:
1023:
1022:0-900416-48-3
1019:
1015:
1009:
1000:
991:
982:
978:
968:
965:
963:
960:
959:
953:
951:
946:
943:
928:
924:
921:
917:
913:
909:
904:
902:
898:
894:
889:
885:
876:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
836:
834:
830:
822:
817:
809:
804:
794:
792:
788:
783:
781:
777:
773:
769:
768:Djeseretnebti
759:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
736:
734:
733:Wadi Maghareh
730:
726:
722:
718:
714:
709:
705:
701:
697:
696:Wadi Maghareh
689:
684:
680:
678:
674:
670:
666:
660:
655:
651:
647:
643:
642:Palermo Stone
639:
631:
626:
617:
615:
611:
610:Wadi Maghareh
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
572:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
537:
534:
530:
527:
524:
520:
516:
513:
509:
505:
502:
498:
494:
493:Djeseretnebti
491:
487:
465:
462:
459:
454:
449:
446:
445:
442:
441:
437:
433:
427:
426:
412:
406:
405:
397:
392:
389:
388:
385:
384:
381:
380:
377:
374:
373:
370:
369:
365:
361:
355:
354:
340:
334:
333:
325:
320:
319:
316:
315:
312:
311:
308:
305:
304:
301:
300:
296:
292:
286:
285:
267:
264:
263:
260:
259:
255:
251:
246:
245:
241:
238:
234:
214:
212:
205:
193:
190:
187:
186:
183:
182:
178:
174:
171:
158:
157:
154:
153:
150:
149:
146:
145:
142:
141:
138:
134:
129:
128:
124:
121:
117:
112:
106:
103:
99:
96:
92:
89:
86:
82:
72:7 regnal year
69:
67:
63:
60:
56:
52:
51:Wadi Maghareh
46:
41:
36:
31:
19:
4712:
4705:
4698:
4686:
4679:
4672:
4665:
4658:
4651:
4644:
4637:
4625:
4618:
4601:
4594:
4587:
4580:
4573:
4566:
4559:
4552:
4520:
4513:
4499:Lucius Verus
4456:
4357:
4333:Berenice III
4323:Cleopatra IV
4298:Cleopatra II
4230:Alexander IV
4150:Nectanebo II
4119:
4100:Nepherites I
4059:Artaxerxes I
4046:
3976:
3964:
3947:(664–332 BC)
3927:
3883:Roman Period
3785:Shoshenq VII
3783:
3756:
3716:
3697:Shoshenq III
3679:
3644:
3607:
3585:Psusennes II
3498:Ramesses VII
3478:Ramesses III
3362:Amenhotep II
3357:Thutmose III
3293:
3182:Sobekemsaf I
3174:
3149:
3142:
3135:
3128:
3108:
3101:
3006:
2989:
2984:'Aper-'Anati
2982:
2975:
2968:
2948:
2941:
2934:
2927:
2920:
2913:
2906:
2892:Sekheperenre
2844:
2837:
2830:
2823:
2816:
2714:Neferhotep I
2704:Seth Meribre
2681:
2667:Djedkheperew
2584:
2545:
2536:Amenemhat IV
2526:Senusret III
2516:Amenemhat II
2432:Mentuhotep I
2394:
2283:
2243:
2236:
2229:
2222:
2148:Neferkare II
2099:
2092:
2025:Nyuserre Ini
1979:
1962:
1917:
1910:
1898:
1888:
1839:
1834:Neferkasokar
1832:
1825:
1808:
1801:
1794:
1787:
1780:
1773:
1738:
1731:
1639:
1622:
1615:
1608:
1601:
1594:
1587:
1582:Finger Snail
1580:
1573:
1553:
1541:
1534:
1527:
1520:
1513:
1506:
1499:
1492:
1485:
1478:
1471:
1464:
1457:
1420:
1292:
1285:
1282:Hawass, Zahi
1276:Bibliography
1264:
1255:
1239:
1235:
1234:Silke Roth:
1230:
1214:
1209:
1193:
1188:
1172:
1167:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1119:
1114:
1106:
1101:
1093:
1088:
1080:
1075:
1059:
1055:
1050:
1034:
1029:
1013:
1008:
999:
990:
981:
947:
938:
915:
905:
890:
886:
882:
845:step pyramid
842:
826:
784:
775:
771:
765:
755:
751:
737:
693:
676:
673:Nabil Swelim
635:
629:
602:step pyramid
589:
581:
573:
547:
543:
542:
435:
431:
423:
363:
359:
351:
294:
290:
282:
253:
250:Nb.tj-htp.rn
249:
136:
132:
4603:Gordian III
4548:Diadumenian
4348:Cleopatra V
4202:(332–30 BC)
4197:Hellenistic
4140:Nectanebo I
4032:Cambyses II
4014:Psamtik III
3972:Tefnakht II
3774:Takelot III
3769:Osorkon III
3764:Shoshenq VI
3718:Pedubast II
3702:Shoshenq IV
3675:Shoshenq II
3640:Pinedjem II
3630:Menkheperre
3565:Psusennes I
3518:Ramesses XI
3508:Ramesses IX
3493:Ramesses VI
3483:Ramesses IV
3430:Ramesses II
3392:Tutankhamun
3367:Thutmose IV
3347:Thutmose II
3337:Amenhotep I
3309:New Kingdom
3244:New Kingdom
3103:Senusret IV
3087:Dedumose II
3062:Nebiriau II
3057:Nebiryraw I
3052:Mentuhotepi
2857:Khakherewre
2784:Merkheperre
2694:Imyremeshaw
2677:Sedjefakare
2632:Sehetepibre
2607:Ameny Qemau
2541:Sobekneferu
2521:Senusret II
2506:Amenemhat I
2488:Iyibkhentre
2218:Neferirkare
2213:Neferkauhor
2020:Shepseskare
1861:Old Kingdom
1847:Khasekhemwy
1827:Neferkara I
1796:Weneg-Nebty
1641:Scorpion II
893:sarcophagus
839:The pyramid
787:Khasekhemwy
776:Djeser-Teti
748:Elephantine
721:3rd Dynasty
688:Elephantine
657: [
646:5th Dynasty
638:Turin Canon
574:Djoser-teti
568:traditioned
564:Old Kingdom
562:during the
560:3rd Dynasty
536:3rd Dynasty
504:Khasekhemwy
84:Predecessor
4880:Categories
4720:Diocletian
4674:Quintillus
4627:Aemilianus
4582:Gordian II
4554:Elagabalus
4375:Arsinoe IV
4258:Arsinoe II
4183:Darius III
4110:Psammuthes
3999:Psamtik II
3814:Bakenranef
3752:Pedubast I
3747:Takelot II
3742:Harsiese A
3724:Osorkon IV
3712:Shoshenq V
3692:Osorkon II
3665:Shoshenq I
3635:Smendes II
3615:Pinedjem I
3560:Amenemnisu
3513:Ramesses X
3488:Ramesses V
3440:Amenmesses
3420:Ramesses I
3382:Smenkhkare
3352:Hatshepsut
3342:Thutmose I
3092:Montuemsaf
3082:Dedumose I
2882:Nebdjefare
2872:Merdjefare
2642:Nedjemibre
2637:Sewadjkare
2511:Senusret I
2483:Qakare Ini
2304:Meryhathor
2208:Neferkaure
2203:Qakare Iby
2188:Neferkahor
2173:Neferkamin
1981:Thamphthis
1975:Shepseskaf
1889:Sekhemkhet
1740:Horus Bird
1617:Scorpion I
1322:Sekhemkhet
1223:0415260116
1204:, page 98.
1130:, page 30.
973:References
744:Horus name
740:Nebty name
677:Tosertasis
578:Hellenized
571:birth name
548:Sechemchet
544:Sekhemkhet
357:Djoserteti
237:Nebty name
120:Horus name
33:Sekhemkhet
4852:Ptolemaic
4660:Gallienus
4575:Gordian I
4538:Caracalla
4464:Vespasian
4458:Vitellius
4240:Ptolemaic
4082:Amyrtaeus
4064:Darius II
4009:Ahmose II
3989:Psamtik I
3928:uncertain
3916:Pharaohs
3852:Tanutamun
3687:Takelot I
3670:Osorkon I
3620:Masaharta
3570:Amenemope
3473:Setnakhte
3435:Merneptah
3377:Akhenaten
3294:uncertain
3176:Nebmaatre
2997:Sakir-Har
2950:Yaqub-Har
2862:Nebefawre
2612:Hotepibre
2478:Segerseni
2447:Intef III
2395:uncertain
2383:Pharaohs
2015:Neferefre
1841:Hudjefa I
1722:Semerkhet
1459:Hedju Hor
1421:uncertain
1409:Pharaohs
1045:, Vol. 2.
897:alabaster
869:limestone
791:Nimaathap
772:Djeser-Ti
752:Ren nebty
717:turquoise
558:) of the
550:) was an
515:Nimaathap
133:Ḥr-sẖm.ẖt
94:Successor
4812:21 to 23
4730:Galerius
4725:Maximian
4714:Numerian
4681:Aurelian
4633:Valerian
4596:Balbinus
4589:Pupienus
4543:Macrinus
4515:Pertinax
4509:Commodus
4474:Domitian
4437:Claudius
4432:Caligula
4427:Tiberius
4422:Augustus
4042:Darius I
3994:Necho II
3837:Shebitku
3809:Tefnakht
3402:Horemheb
3332:Ahmose I
3144:Pantjeny
3130:Senebkay
3110:Pepi III
3072:Bebiankh
2929:Shenshek
2887:Nebsenre
2719:Sihathor
2689:Khendjer
2652:Renseneb
2597:Nerikare
2442:Intef II
2319:Merykare
2224:Wadjkare
2168:Merenhor
2063:Userkare
1970:Menkaure
1964:Bikheris
1953:Djedefre
1919:Qahedjet
1803:Wadjenes
1789:Horus Sa
1782:Nubnefer
1769:Nynetjer
1733:Sneferka
1473:Ni-Neith
1359:Pharaohs
956:See also
859:and the
754:meaning
665:register
429:Djoserty
18:Djoserty
4707:Carinus
4688:Tacitus
4646:Quietus
4489:Hadrian
4173:Khabash
4004:Wahibre
3984:Necho I
3978:Nekauba
3966:Ammeris
3909:Dynasty
3847:Taharqa
3842:Shabaka
3779:Rudamun
3758:Iuput I
3603:Herihor
3555:Smendes
3455:Twosret
3445:Seti II
3289:female)
3274:Dynasty
3170:Rahotep
3067:Semenre
3037:Djehuti
3019:Khamudi
3008:Yanassi
2991:Salitis
2943:Yakareb
2936:Khamure
2867:Sehebre
2789:Merkare
2437:Intef I
2376:Dynasty
2285:Imhotep
2245:Iytjenu
2231:Khuiqer
2143:Menkare
2094:Neferka
2078:Pepi II
2000:Userkaf
1894:Sanakht
1717:Anedjib
1697:Hor-Aha
1630:Iry-Hor
1624:Shendjw
1596:Pen-Abu
1480:Hat-Hor
1402:Dynasty
1003:Manetho
918:of the
873:mastaba
863:. Like
729:Sanakht
708:Deshret
698:in the
669:Manetho
606:Saqqara
592:in the
586:Manetho
556:pharaoh
532:Dynasty
517: ?
506: ?
495: ?
489:Consort
360:Ḏsr-ttj
98:Sanakht
59:Pharaoh
4847:Argead
4694:Probus
4614:Decius
4609:Philip
4484:Trajan
4212:Argead
4121:Muthis
4074:XXVIII
4054:Xerxes
3922:female
3900:Period
3609:Piankh
3580:Siamun
3450:Siptah
3425:Seti I
3265:Period
3217:Kamose
3151:Snaaib
3121:Abydos
2977:Semqen
2970:Sharek
2922:Sheneh
2902:'Apepi
2897:Bebnum
2852:Nehesy
2672:Sebkay
2592:Sonbef
2389:female
2367:Period
2178:Nikare
2068:Pepi I
2005:Sahure
1958:Khafre
1943:Snefru
1912:Sedjes
1884:Djoser
1810:Senedj
1688:Narmer
1647:Narmer
1529:Wazner
1494:Hsekiu
1466:Ny-Hor
1415:female
1393:Period
1246:
1221:
1200:
1179:
1158:
1126:
1066:
1041:
1020:
950:serdab
916:Room 4
901:mortar
857:Meidum
853:cubits
762:Family
725:Djoser
713:copper
704:Hedjet
598:Djoser
582:Tyreis
554:king (
522:Burial
511:Mother
500:Father
432:Ḏsr-tj
88:Djoser
4700:Carus
4479:Nerva
4469:Titus
4447:Galba
4414:XXXIV
4399:Roman
4178:Arses
4105:Hakor
4024:XXVII
3734:XXIII
3324:XVIII
3284:(male
3014:Apepi
3002:Khyan
2915:Wazad
2683:Wegaf
2617:Iufni
2471:Nubia
2279:Setut
2101:Nefer
1948:Khufu
1906:Khaba
1900:Nebka
1764:Nebra
1692:Menes
1651:Menes
1603:Stork
1566:Upper
1522:Neheb
1515:Thesh
1501:Khayu
1450:Lower
661:]
620:Reign
580:name
102:Khaba
66:Reign
4533:Geta
4452:Otho
4442:Nero
4160:XXXI
4145:Teos
4092:XXIX
3957:XXVI
3942:Late
3919:male
3879:Late
3832:Piye
3801:XXIV
3707:Pami
3657:XXII
3246:and
3162:XVII
2908:Nuya
2577:XIII
2386:male
2348:and
2238:Khui
2135:VIII
2058:Teti
2040:Unas
1925:Huni
1727:Qa'a
1707:Djet
1702:Djer
1610:Bull
1589:Fish
1555:Wash
1536:Mekh
1412:male
1244:ISBN
1219:ISBN
1198:ISBN
1177:ISBN
1156:ISBN
1124:ISBN
1064:ISBN
1039:ISBN
1018:ISBN
908:gold
797:Tomb
727:and
715:and
630:Teti
590:Teti
584:(by
288:Teti
4132:XXX
3881:to
3824:XXV
3547:XXI
3412:XIX
3029:XVI
2809:XIV
2657:Hor
2498:XII
2131:VII
1876:III
1712:Den
1508:Tiu
1374:to
1238:(=
1150:(=
648:),
616:).
604:at
291:ttj
4882::
4842:31
4837:30
4832:27
4827:26
4822:25
4817:24
4807:20
4802:19
4797:18
4792:12
4787:11
3465:XX
3397:Ay
2961:XV
2424:XI
2256:IX
2050:VI
1935:IV
1775:Ba
1751:II
1690:/
1649:/
1635:Ka
1487:Pu
1135:^
912:in
875:.
849:ft
793:.
735:.
663:,
659:de
75:c.
4782:4
4778:3
4775:2
4771:1
2296:X
2133:/
1992:V
1680:I
1575:A
1543:A
1351:e
1344:t
1337:v
1024:.
823:.
644:(
612:(
20:)
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