305:
919:
deserts to harden and train United States troops for service on the battlefields of World War II. The Desert
Training Center was a simulated theater of operations that included portions of California, Arizona, and Nevada. The other camps were Young, Coxcomb, Iron Mountain, Ibis, Granite, Pilot Knob, Laguna, Horn, Ryder, Bouse and Rice. A total of 13 infantry divisions and 7 armored divisions plus numerous smaller units were trained in this harsh environment. The Training Center was in operation for almost two years and was closed early in 1944 when the last units were shipped overseas. During the brief period of operation over one million American soldiers were trained for combat. The 33rd and 93rd Infantry Divisions were trained here.
893:
troops for service on the battlefields of World War II. The Desert
Training Center was a simulated theater of operations that included portions of California, Arizona and Nevada. The other camps were Young, Granite, Iron Mountain, Ibis, Clipper, Pilot Knob, Laguna, Horn, Hyder, Bouse and Rice. A total of 13 infantry divisions and 7 armored divisions plus numerous smaller units were trained in this harsh environment. The Training Center was in operation for almost 2 years and was closed early in 1944 when the last units were shipped overseas. During the brief period of operation over one million American soldiers were trained for combat.
880:
troops for service on the battlefields of World War II. The Desert
Training Center was a simulated theater of operations that included portions of California, Arizona and Nevada. The other camps were Young, Granite, Iron Mountain, Ibis, Clipper, Pilot Knob, Laguna, Horn, Hyder, Bouse and Rice. A total of 13 infantry divisions and 7 armored divisions plus numerous smaller units were trained in this harsh environment. The Training Center was in operation for almost 2 years and was closed early in 1944 when the last units were shipped overseas. During the brief period of operation over one million American soldiers were trained for combat.
280:
changed to the
California-Arizona Maneuver Area (C-AMA or CAMA). The CAMA was to serve as a theater of operations to train combat troops, service units and staff under conditions similar to those which might be encountered overseas. The CAMA was enlarged to include both a communications zone and combat zone, approximately 350 miles wide and 250 miles long. Due to a severe deficit of service units beginning in the winter of 1943, it was decided that maneuvers in CAMA would cease as of 15 April 1944, with internal operations continuing until 1 May, after which the center would be officially discontinued.
932:
Troops for service on the battlefields of World War II. The 440th AAA AW Battalion was activated per
General Order No. 1 at Camp Haan, CA on 1 July 1942. It trained at Camp M.A.A.R. (Irwin), Camps Young, Iron Mountain, Ibis, and then Camps Pickett, VA and Steward, GA. The battalion shipped out to England in December 1943 and landed in Normandy on D-3. The unit earned 5 Battle Stars and 2 Foreign Awards while serving with the 1st, 3rd, 7th, and 9th U.S. Armies, the 1st French Army and the 2nd British Army, 7 different corps and 5 different divisions. The 440th AAA AW BN was deactivated in December 1944.
313:
225:
143:
427:
443:
46:
1756:
800:
792:
435:
906:
train United States troops for service on the battlefields of World War II. The first major unit trained here was the 3rd
Armored Division followed by elements of the 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th Armored Divisions. In all, one million men trained in the desert before the Training Center was officially closed in May 1944. The most unique feature built at this camp is the huge relief map built into the desert floor. It can still be seen (1985).'
866:
NO. 985 DESERT TRAINING CENTER, CALIFORNIA–ARIZONA MANEUVER AREA (ESTABLISHED BY MAJOR GENERAL GEORGE S. PATTON, JR.) – CAMP YOUNG – The D.T.C. was established by Major
General George S. Patton, Jr., in response to a need to train American combat troops for battle in North Africa during World War II.
279:
By March 1943, the North
African campaign was in its final stages and the primary mission of the DTC had changed. By the middle of 1943, the troops who originally came for desert training maneuvers were now deployed worldwide. Therefore, to reflect that change in mission, the name of the center was
918:
NO. 985 DESERT TRAINING CENTER, CALIFORNIA–ARIZONA MANEUVER AREA (ESTABLISHED BY MAJOR GENERAL GEORGE S. PATTON, JR.) – CAMP CLIPPER – Camp
Clipper was established at a site that reached from Essex Road to this location in the Spring of 1942. It was one of twelve such camps built in the southwestern
905:
NO. 985 DESERT TRAINING CENTER, CALIFORNIA–ARIZONA MANEUVER AREA (ESTABLISHED BY MAJOR GENERAL GEORGE S. PATTON, JR.) – CAMP IRON MOUNTAIN – Iron
Mountain Divisional Camp was established at this site in the Spring of 1942. One of eleven such camps built in the California–Arizona Desert to harden and
853:
NO. 985 DESERT TRAINING CENTER, CALIFORNIA–ARIZONA MANEUVER AREA (ESTABLISHED BY MAJOR GENERAL GEORGE S. PATTON, JR.) – CAMP PILOT KNOB – Camp Pilot Knob was a unit of the Desert Training Center, established by General George S. Patton, Jr., to prepare American troops for battle during World War II.
271:
Patton and his advanced team designated various locations within the area where tent camps would be built. The camps were situated so that each unit could train individually without interfering with the other. Airfields, hospitals, supply depots and sites for other support services were selected as
892:
NO. 985 DESERT TRAINING CENTER, CALIFORNIA–ARIZONA MANEUVER AREA (ESTABLISHED BY MAJOR GENERAL GEORGE S. PATTON, JR.) – CAMP COXCOMB – Camp Coxcomb was established at this site in the Spring of 1942. It was one of twelve such camps built in the southwestern desert to harden and train United States
879:
NO. 985 DESERT TRAINING CENTER, CALIFORNIA–ARIZONA MANEUVER AREA (ESTABLISHED BY MAJOR GENERAL GEORGE S. PATTON, JR.) – CAMP GRANITE – Camp Granite was established at this site in the Spring of 1942. It was one of twelve such camps built in the southwestern desert to harden and train United States
263:
came to Camp Young as the first commanding general of the DTC. As a native of southern California, Patton knew the area well from his youth and from having participated in army maneuvers in the Mojave Desert in the 1930s. His first orders were to select other areas within the desert that would be
931:
NO. 985 DESERT TRAINING CENTER, CALIFORNIA–ARIZONA MANEUVER AREA (ESTABLISHED BY MAJOR GENERAL GEORGE S. PATTON, JR.) – CAMP IBIS – Camp Ibis was established at this site in the Spring of 1942 – one of eleven such camps built in the California–Arizona Desert to harden and train United States
807:
In May 1964 part of the former Desert Training Center was reacquired for the purpose of Exercise Desert Strike. The former Mohave Maneuver Area C was included in this area and used as part of the training ground for the two-week exercise. The exercise had large maneuvers and some river crossing
854:
It was the largest military training ground ever to exist. At the peak of activity here at Pilot Knob, June–December 1943, the 85th Infantry Division, and the 36th and 44th Reconnaissance Squadrons of the 11th (Mechanized) Cavalry trained here for roles in the liberation of Europe, 1944–45.
272:
was a corps maneuvering area. The plan was that each division and or major unit would train in its own area, and near the end of its training period would participate in a corps (two divisions or more) exercise in the corps maneuvering area at
824:
Most of the sites can be visited, but some are difficult to reach. In most cases the only things that remain at the camp sites are streets, sidewalks, building foundations, patterns of hand-laid rocks for various purposes and trash dumps.
867:
The camp, which began operation in 1942, covered 18,000 square miles. It was the largest military training ground ever to exist. Over one million men were trained at the eleven sub-camps (seven in California).
963:
1993:
958:
2105:
2095:
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units and personnel to live and fight in the desert, to test and develop suitable equipment, and to develop tactical doctrines, techniques and training methods.
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1532:
276:. Upon completion of the corps exercise, the trained units would leave the DTC, and new units would arrive to begin their training and the process repeated.
236:
This simulated theater of operation was the largest military training ground in the history of military maneuvers. A site near Shavers Summit (now known as
828:
Monuments have been erected at some of the camp sites and there are areas within CAMA that are fenced off with danger signs warning of unexploded ordnance.
968:
2140:
2115:
61:
2130:
1409:
2145:
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The Desert Training Center/California–Arizona Maneuver Area, 1942–1944: Volume 2: Historical and Archaeological Contexts for the Arizona Desert
1327:
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1275:
1249:
1223:
1197:
2155:
1420:
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2150:
1023:
616:
2090:
1962:
1525:
948:
1052:
832:
536:
2100:
2024:
1906:
953:
228:
Catholic Chapel at Camp Iron Mountain, WW2 era. Camp Iron Mountain is the best-preserved divisional camp today. Now preserved in
1494:
1416:
The Army Almanac: A Book of Facts Concerning the Army of the United States, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1950 reproduced at
698:
662:
622:
582:
542:
496:
2054:
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1388:
History of the Army Ground Forces. Study Number 15. The Desert Training Center and C-AMA, (California–Arizona Maneuver Area)
1790:
1518:
1436:
The Desert Training Center/ California–Arizona Maneuver Area, 1942–1944: Historical and Archaeological Contexts (Technical)
304:
2110:
2019:
1815:
1805:
464:
1470:
1443:
526:
459:
249:
1115:
1947:
1983:
2014:
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229:
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753:
394:
1103:
758:
1865:
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suitable for the large-scale maneuvers necessary to prepare American soldiers for combat against the German
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1967:
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Former Desert Training Center Mohave Maneuver Area C. River crossing during Exercise Desert Strike in 1964
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237:
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USACE FUDS ASR's (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers – formerly used defense sites – Archive Search Report)
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245:
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768:
728:
486:
475:
2125:
1840:
1810:
1800:
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779:
197:
1710:
1675:
1019:
572:
532:
410:
133:
1385:
248:, was selected as the headquarters of the DTC. The site, called Camp Young after the first
1942:
1820:
1795:
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Desert Training Center, California-Arizona Maneuver Area, former Camp Goffs, Mojave Desert
8:
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1926:
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1595:
1045:
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1403:
469:
399:
366:
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312:
201:
186:
30:
1324:"californiahistoricallandmarks.com 985.6 Camp Camp Ibis – San Bernadino [sic]"
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U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Camp Granite (historical)
241:
1298:"californiahistoricallandmarks.com 985.5 Camp Clipper – San Bernadino [sic]"
2039:
1998:
1745:
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Historic California Posts California/Arizona Maneuver Area (Desert Training Center)
205:
1386:
Meller, Sidney L.; Army Ground Forces, Washington, DC, Historical Section (1946).
1356:(revised ed.). Fallon, NV: Western Military History Association. p. 54.
142:
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It was a key training facility for units engaged in combat during the 1942–1943
1957:
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The Land That God Forgot: The Saga of Gen. George Patton's Desert Training Camp
454:
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California Historical Landmarks Marker at Desert Training Center sites reads:
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404:
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Bureau of Land Management information brochure, Desert Training Center
1390:. Ft. Belvoir, MD: Defense Technical Information Center. p. 132.
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California Historical Landmarks in San Bernardino County, California
656:
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1881:
1246:"californiahistoricallandmarks.com 985.3 Camp Coxcomb – Riverside"
1220:"californiahistoricallandmarks.com 985.2 Camp Granite – Riverside"
1373:. Ft. Meyer, VA: Council on America's Military Past. p. 56.
813:
179:
1194:"californiahistoricallandmarks.com 985.1 Camp Young – Riverside"
1168:"californiahistoricallandmarks.com 985 Camp Pilot Knob Imperial"
959:
California Historical Landmarks in Riverside County, California
213:
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training. Mohave Maneuver Area C was 781,452 acres located in
292:
Redesignated California-Arizona Maneuver Area, 20 October 1943
1046:"US Army, Military Training Lands Historic Context: Training"
1000:. Chiriaco Summit, California: General Patton Memorial Museum
1076:
Radio message Headquarters, War Department, Washington, D.C.
1272:"californiahistoricallandmarks.com 985.4 Iron Mountain"
2106:
Installations of the United States Army in California
308:
Camp Ibis, 607th Tank Destroyer Battalion, circa 1942
2096:
Closed training facilities of the United States Army
969:
U.S. Army Air Force flight training Twentynine Palms
835:is located near the former entrance of Camp Young.
838:
2082:
1540:
1085:War Department Memo W210-27-43, 18 October 1943
1526:
1020:"deserttrainingcenter.com Camp Iron Mountain"
795:Desert Training Center Mohave Maneuver Area C
178:, largely in Southern California and Western
2136:History of San Bernardino County, California
1408:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
16:US Army training centers during World War II
2141:Military installations established in 1942
1533:
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2116:Formerly Used Defense Sites in California
1094:War Department Circular 207, 20 June 1944
786:
430:Camp Goffs Army Field Train station, 1943
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833:General George S. Patton Memorial Museum
798:
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441:
433:
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223:
141:
2131:History of Riverside County, California
212:and northward into the southern tip of
146:Desert Training Center map US Army 1943
2083:
1351:
2146:Military installations closed in 1944
1922:Sahuarita Bombing & Gunnery Range
1514:
1368:
1122:from the original on 19 November 2019
1058:from the original on 3 September 2019
256:, was the world's largest army post.
200:. It stretched from the outskirts of
2156:1944 disestablishments in California
1026:from the original on 31 January 2018
819:
316:Training at Camp Iron Mountain, 1942
38:Southern California/Western Arizona
2020:Arizona World War II Army Airfields
1330:from the original on 30 August 2019
1304:from the original on 30 August 2019
1278:from the original on 30 August 2019
1252:from the original on 30 August 2019
1226:from the original on 30 August 2019
1200:from the original on 30 August 2019
1174:from the original on 15 August 2019
899:Camp Iron Mountain – San Bernardino
384:Desert Training Center Headquarters
13:
1148:from the original on 20 March 2019
527:Dateland Air Force Auxiliary Field
474:Shavers Summit Army Airfield (now
252:and the first Army Chief of Staff
250:commandant of the Army War College
14:
2167:
2151:1942 establishments in California
1488:
1142:"US Army, Mohave Maneuver Area C"
421:
2091:American Theater of World War II
1948:Gila River War Relocation Center
1754:
949:American Theater of World War II
695:– in use at Yuma Proving Ground
160:California–Arizona Maneuver Area
44:
1371:Patton's Desert Training Center
1345:
1316:
1290:
1264:
1238:
1212:
1186:
1160:
1116:"US Army Camp Goffs Army Field"
230:Mojave Trails National Monument
204:eastward to within 50 miles of
2101:Military facilities in Arizona
2050:New Mexico during World War II
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1108:
1097:
1088:
1079:
1070:
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954:Military history of California
944:California during World War II
839:California Historical Landmark
407:– Depot and Infantry training.
395:Camp Freda Quartermaster Depot
388:
208:, southward to the suburbs of
168:World War II training facility
1:
1465:. Statistical Research, Inc.
1438:. Statistical Research, Inc.
979:
912:Camp Clipper – San Bernardino
653:Camp Iron Mountain Army Field
416:San Bernardino Engineer Depot
299:
268:in the North African desert.
50:Map of Desert Training Center
1968:Poston War Relocation Center
737:
7:
1963:Parker Dam Reception Center
1875:Ground training and storage
1786:Davis-Monthan Army Airfield
1542:Arizona during World War II
974:US Naval Bases North Africa
937:
759:Camp Desert Center Hospital
460:Desert Center Army Airfield
438:Camp Goffs Army Field, 1943
10:
2172:
2111:California in World War II
2045:Nevada during World War II
1461:Bischoff, Matt C. (2006).
1434:Bischoff, Matt C. (2000).
925:Camp Ibis – San Bernardino
847:Camp Pilot Knob – Imperial
283:
254:Samuel Baldwin Marks Young
219:
2007:
1976:
1935:
1874:
1763:
1752:
1548:
1352:Henley, David C. (1992).
185:Its mission was to train
126:
121:
113:
105:
100:
92:
55:
43:
36:
28:
23:
998:"Desert Training Center"
984:
886:Camp Coxcomb – Riverside
873:Camp Granite – Riverside
775:Needles Station Hospital
744:Banning General Hospital
1907:Gila Bend Gunnery Range
1851:Thunderbird Field No. 2
1846:Thunderbird Field No. 1
1806:Gila Bend Army Airfield
1369:Lynch, John S. (1982).
769:Torney General Hospital
729:Camp Horn Army Airfield
487:Camp Coxcomb Army Field
476:Chiriaco Summit Airport
1953:Leupp Isolation Center
1902:Desert Training Center
1856:Williams Army Airfield
1841:Sahuarita Flight Strip
1811:Hereford Army Airfield
1781:Dateland Army Airfield
1776:Coolidge Army Airfield
860:Camp Young – Riverside
804:
796:
787:Mohave Maneuver Area C
780:Cherry Valley Hospital
714:32.86000°N 114.39667°W
678:34.09944°N 115.10806°W
638:34.97000°N 114.83972°W
598:34.93667°N 115.06778°W
558:34.77194°N 115.22083°W
512:33.92000°N 115.24000°W
447:
439:
431:
317:
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289:Activated 1 April 1942
233:
198:North African campaign
152:Desert Training Center
147:
24:Desert Training Center
1977:Prisoner of war camps
1958:Mayer Assembly Center
1917:Navajo Ordnance Depot
1816:Kingman Army Airfield
1791:Douglas Army Airfield
1711:Ronald Phillip Tanaka
1676:Sidney Preston Osborn
1423:21 March 2021 at the
802:
794:
573:Camp Goffs Army Field
533:Camp Essex Army Field
465:Thermal Army Airfield
445:
437:
429:
411:Pomona Ordnance Depot
321:Army Divisional Camps
315:
307:
227:
145:
134:George S. Patton, Jr.
1831:Marana Army Airfield
1821:Laguna Army Airfield
1801:Falcon Army Airfield
1796:Ernest A. Love Field
719:32.86000; -114.39667
693:Laguna Army Airfield
683:34.09944; -115.10806
643:34.97000; -114.83972
613:Camp Ibis Army Field
603:34.93667; -115.06778
563:34.77194; -115.22083
517:33.92000; -115.24000
455:Blythe Army Air Base
261:George S. Patton Jr.
136:, April–August 1942.
122:Garrison information
2035:Great Papago Escape
1943:Catalina Honor Camp
1927:Yuma Proving Ground
1861:Yucca Army Airfield
1596:Robert Taylor Jones
764:Camp Goffs Hospital
754:Camp Freda Hospital
710: /
674: /
634: /
594: /
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170:established in the
73: /
2030:Castle Hot Springs
1866:Yuma Army Airfield
1836:Ryan Army Airfield
1826:Luke Army Airfield
1716:A. Wallace Tashima
1586:Gordon Hirabayashi
805:
797:
655:(15 miles west of
470:Rice Army Airfield
448:
440:
432:
400:Camp Desert Center
367:Camp Iron Mountain
318:
310:
295:Closed 1 July 1944
234:
202:Pomona, California
187:United States Army
148:
96:Army Training Area
77:33.667°N 115.717°W
31:United States Army
2078:
2077:
1771:Ajo Army Airfield
1731:Jürgen Wattenberg
1571:Harry K. Fukuhara
1507:Documentary video
820:Present day sites
158:), also known as
140:
139:
2163:
2055:Phoenix Massacre
2040:Machita incident
2015:American Theater
1999:Camp Papago Park
1984:Camp Continental
1936:Internment camps
1758:
1746:Kenichi Zenimura
1696:Shinkichi Tajiri
1581:Satoshi Hirayama
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483:Minor airfields
451:Major airfields
206:Phoenix, Arizona
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82:33.667; -115.717
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48:
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2121:Colorado Desert
2081:
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2074:
2003:
1972:
1931:
1870:
1759:
1750:
1741:Wakako Yamauchi
1736:Hisaye Yamamoto
1721:Hisako Terasaki
1656:Vincent Okamoto
1626:Peter MacDonald
1616:John F. Kennedy
1601:Allen Dale June
1591:Philip Johnston
1544:
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1473:
1446:
1425:Wayback Machine
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1346:Bibliography
1332:. Retrieved
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1306:. Retrieved
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1280:. Retrieved
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1254:. Retrieved
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1897:Camp Laguna
1681:Roy I. Sano
1671:Kazuo Otani
1611:Yosh Kawano
1606:Nobe Kawano
1561:Thomas Claw
1152:3 September
1126:3 September
1062:3 September
782:in Beaumont
748:Banning, CA
731:– abandoned
717: /
705:114°23′48″W
681: /
669:115°06′29″W
641: /
629:114°50′23″W
601: /
589:115°04′04″W
561: /
549:115°13′15″W
529:– abandoned
515: /
503:115°14′24″W
389:Army Depots
372:Camp Laguna
114:In use
80: /
56:Coordinates
2085:Categories
1892:Camp Hyder
1882:Camp Bouse
1701:Miiko Taka
1691:Reiko Sato
1636:Pat Morita
980:References
702:32°51′36″N
666:34°05′58″N
626:34°58′12″N
586:34°56′12″N
546:34°46′19″N
500:33°55′12″N
405:Camp Goffs
382:Camp Young
352:Camp Hyder
337:Camp Essex
327:Camp Bouse
300:Facilities
274:Palen Pass
240:) between
129:commanders
1994:Camp Pima
1887:Camp Horn
1764:Airfields
1576:Ira Hayes
1481:599896923
1404:cite book
1396:227994530
1334:30 August
1308:30 August
1282:30 August
1256:30 August
1230:30 August
1204:30 August
1178:30 August
1030:31 August
738:Hospitals
577:Goffs, CA
537:Essex, CA
491:Freda, CA
362:Camp Ibis
357:Camp Horn
182:in 1942.
166:), was a
117:1942–1944
2008:See also
1666:Miye Ota
1454:45131829
1421:Archived
1379:10132301
1362:76951993
1328:Archived
1302:Archived
1276:Archived
1250:Archived
1224:Archived
1198:Archived
1172:Archived
1146:Archived
1120:Archived
1053:Archived
1024:Archived
938:See also
657:Rice, CA
617:Ibis, CA
68:115°43′W
29:Part of
2069:Arizona
1661:Ken Ota
1004:16 July
814:Arizona
284:Lineage
220:History
180:Arizona
65:33°40′N
1549:People
1479:
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214:Nevada
1056:(PDF)
1049:(PDF)
985:Notes
242:Indio
106:Built
2067:USS
1477:OCLC
1467:ISBN
1450:OCLC
1440:ISBN
1410:link
1392:OCLC
1375:OCLC
1358:OCLC
1336:2019
1310:2019
1284:2019
1258:2019
1232:2019
1206:2019
1180:2019
1154:2019
1128:2019
1064:2019
1032:2019
1006:2024
831:The
335:and
244:and
189:and
174:and
164:CAMA
150:The
127:Past
109:1942
93:Type
1418:CMH
659:)
156:DTC
2087::
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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