317:
the enemy's ranks, and, boasting over their successes, they marched out in a show of arrogance" and when the imperial army crossed the river "Istros" (i.e. Lower Danube), he "boasted loudly that he would gather once more the bones of the Romans fallen in battle and raise a sepulchral mound to serve as a trophy, as he had done in the past". Kinnamos narrates that Denis was "filled with courage and very ironically ordered the
Hungarians to raise their cups and drink the health of the Romans". 14th-century German chronicler Henry of Mügeln describes Denis as a "strong knight". Denis led his army advancing as far as Zimony. Denis drew his army up in three divisions in a single broad battle line, with infantry drawn up in the centre and behind the cavalry, upon which the Hungarians clearly relied for the effectiveness of their attack. On 8 July 1167, the two armies
169:
advanced with their whole force. Coming where
Dionysius was encamped, since they found the camp totally deserted of men, they commenced to feel afraid. Since daylight was already distinctly visible, the Hungarians perceived them and commenced to launch their cavalry against the camp . Confused thereby, they turned to retreat. The pursuing Hungarians did not slay very many of the Romans, nor take many. Then Dionysius, intending to elevate in importance what he had done, gathered together the few bodies of the fallen and reared a very large mound over them, considering that the slaughter would be equated to the size of the mound.
236:
366:, which laid at the Byzantine–Hungarian border along Lower Danube, already in 1171, although only a non-authentic charter refers to him with this title. Following the death of Stephen III in 1172, Denis, despite their previous antagonism during the Byzantine wars, supported Béla's ascension to the Hungarian throne – whose legitimacy was contested by the youngest brother
224:) in 1162, when Stephen issued his only known royal charter from that year, possibly during his exile or shortly after his return to Hungary in the second half of 1162. Stephen III mustered an army and supplemented it with German mercenaries, defeating his uncle Stephen IV in June 1163. It is plausible that Denis took part in the military campaigns, based on
316:
s were also present) with him as commander-in-chief, also recruiting no small number of allied forces as mercenaries, especially
Germans , as Niketas Choniates writes. Both Byzantine chroniclers emphasize Denis' overconfidence. According to Choniates, Denis was "a man of mettle who had often drubbed
168:
Setting in motion again affairs which had been settled, the
Hungarians' king dispatched Dionysius, one of the aristocrats of his court who was experienced in many wars, to lay claim to Sirmion with a large army. As it seemed right to the councilors to attack Dionysius by night, they set out and
263:
relates that
Stephen III instructed Denis to recover Sirmium for Hungary; in contrast, historian Paul Stephenson considered that the Hungarian king – who, as he argued, had no reason to support the violation of the peace treaty with Manuel – was unable to prevent "the uprising by his disgruntled
464:
upon the instruction of Béla III in 1181. Historian Judit Gál considered after Béla recovered
Dalmatia, Hungary's territories beyond the Drava were initially consolidated under a single ban after 1183, during the terms of Denis then
264:
nobles". Denis and his troops routed the local
Byzantine contingent led by generals Michael Gabras – governor of the province – and Michael Branas, each other's rivals, and occupied the whole province with the exception of
208:. The imperial troops prepared for an invasion of Hungary weeks after Stephen's coronation, but several magnates agreed to accept Ladislaus as a "compromise candidate" for the Hungarian throne. Stephen's army was routed at
329:
s along with 800 soldiers were captured. Denis narrowly escaped the battlefield "with few", his shield, armor and war horse were also taken, when the
Byzantine army plundered their enemy's abandoned encampment.
158:
and took him into his own service for his son of the same age. According to
Stephen's charter around 1163 or 1164, Denis delivered Botus to the court of the young prince upon the instruction of the monarch.
259:
in favor of
Emperor Manuel following an unsuccessful campaign in 1165. In order to recover the provinces, a Hungarian army under the command of Denis stormed into Sirmium in the spring of 1166.
531:
of Bács County in 1186. The fate of Denis is unknown, he had no known wives nor descendants. Historian Attila Zsoldos claimed he is identical with that namesake lord, who served as
280:, but the arriving Byzantine imperial troops successfully repelled the attack. In order to retaliation, Emperor Manuel sent armies against Hungary, which plundered
420:
without combat actions at the turn of 1180 and 1181. The Hungarian king intended to reorganize the province's royal administration. Retaining his position of
155:
154:
Denis is mentioned among the testimonies by a charter of Géza II in 1146. Prior to 1162, Géza removed a child named Botus, son of Gab from the service of the
520:
260:
448:) in 1184, which reflect he had jurisdiction over all Croatia and Dalmatia, and his suzerainty extended until the river Danube. According to historian
284:. The Byzantine campaign caused great devastation in the eastern territories of the Kingdom of Hungary, forcing Stephen III to seek reconciliation and
228:' account, who stated that Denis "was experienced in many wars" prior to 1166. Denis was responsible for establishing a defense system along the
1248:
409:
424:
of Bács County, Denis was installed as Ban of Slavonia in 1181. He was also styled as "Ban of Croatia and Dalmatia", then "governor of
399:
308:
as commander and sent his fleet to Zimony after Easter 1167. According to John Kinnamos, Denis gathered an army of 15,000 men from 37
1188:
1253:
408:
Emperor Manuel died in September 1180, which marked the beginning of the slow disintegration of the Byzantine Empire. Béla III
339:
1039:
The Árpáds and the Comneni: Political Relations between Hungary and Byzantium in the 12th century (Translated by György Novák)
1258:
1149:
1128:
1107:
1086:
1006:
981:
523:. Tibor Szőcs emphasized this special royal mandate did not connect Denis' court dignity. Denis was succeeded as palatine by
390:. As a result of Denis' negotiations, Béla III and Frederick began to normalize bilateral relations between Hungary and the
461:
367:
309:
496:, Denis was made Palatine of Hungary in 1184. In this capacity, Béla III delegated him into the judicial body, of which
325:. The Byzantines, assisted by the river fleet, achieved a decisive victory, 2,000 men were killed, while five Hungarian
374:
of Bács County prior to 1177. In that year, Denis plausibly participated in the preliminary negotiations to conclude a
138:
Denis possibly originated from the northern part of the Kingdom of Hungary. He started his career during the reign of
1067:
1046:
1027:
967:
395:
251:
Although Stephen III successfully defended his throne against the Byzantine intervention, he was obliged to renounce
383:
1215:
524:
354:
earlier. Despite his failure, Denis retained his influence in the royal court. Three royal charters style him "
190:
54:
1243:
292:
mediated an armistice. Despite that, following Denis' successful campaign, another Hungarian military leader
193:, who supported the coronation of the 15-year-old Stephen III, whose legitimacy was challenged by his uncles
119:
457:
202:
489:"), as kind of a sign of evolution of a separate provincial court of the ban in Slavonia and Croatia.
1233:
338:
Following the defeat, Stephen III signed a peace treaty renouncing the duchy – consisted of Sirmium,
305:
1238:
544:
194:
466:
127:
347:
402:
198:
473:. According to a charter, Denis adjudicated a lawsuit on the advice and contribution of the
147:
139:
8:
1205:
101:
26:
441:
413:
186:
97:
81:
1079:
Byzantium's Balkan Frontier: A Political Study of the Northern Balkans, 900–1204
1145:
1124:
1103:
1082:
1063:
1042:
1023:
1002:
977:
963:
433:
425:
391:
318:
285:
273:
205:
470:
469:. Gábor Szeberényi argued their power and authority might have resembled that of a
375:
343:
213:
123:
1178:
289:
109:
105:
999:
Dalmatia and the Exercise of Royal Authority in the Árpád-Era Kingdom of Hungary
540:
449:
387:
351:
277:
240:
89:
429:
363:
1227:
536:
225:
174:
1198:
508:
493:
281:
229:
212:. Denis was among those barons, who fled from Hungary and sought refuge in
44:
1058:
A magyar állam főméltóságai Szent Istvántól napjainkig: Életrajzi Lexikon
185:
Géza II died in May 1162. Denis was a member of that faction led by Queen
1102:(in Hungarian). Magyar Tudományos Akadémia Támogatott Kutatások Irodája.
976:(Translated by Harry J. Magoulias) (1984). Wayne State University Press.
527:
in 1185, at the latest. A non-authentic royal charter refers to Denis as
497:
456:
in the period between 1167 and 1180, since Denis recovered an estate in
142:. It is possible he is identical with that Denis, who is referred to as
301:
235:
216:
together with Stephen III in July 1162. Denis is referred to as simply
209:
516:
512:
962:(Translated by Charles M. Brand) (1976). Columbia University Press.
478:
256:
507:
Achilles were also members, which judged over the lawsuit between
474:
114:
500:
299:
Emperor Manuel dispatched an army to Sirmium with his nephew and
122:. He was a commander of the Hungarian army fighting against the
452:, the bans took charge of the area between the rivers Sava and
379:
269:
252:
244:
519:, according to a document issued by the collegiate chapter of
1171:
453:
417:
293:
265:
743:
741:
682:
680:
678:
562:
560:
322:
1144:(in Hungarian). História, MTA Történettudományi Intézete.
1119:Írott források az 1116–1205 közötti magyar történelemről
892:
822:
820:
818:
816:
789:
777:
738:
675:
909:
907:
832:
663:
639:
603:
557:
868:
1001:. Arpadiana III., Research Centre for the Humanities.
931:
919:
813:
728:
726:
724:
593:
591:
589:
587:
358:" in the years 1171–1172. It is possible he served as
904:
856:
699:
697:
695:
572:
346:– that their father had bequeathed upon his brother,
543:(or Abaúj; 1198–1199) counties, during the reign of
801:
721:
584:
412:Croatia, Dalmatia and Sirmium, along with the then
960:Deeds of John and Manuel Comnenus by John Kinnamos
880:
844:
772:Deeds of John and Manuel Comnenus by John Kinnamos
692:
622:Deeds of John and Manuel Comnenus by John Kinnamos
651:
627:
1225:
974:O City of Byzantium, Annals of Niketas Choniatēs
760:O City of Byzantium, Annals of Niketas Choniatēs
716:O City of Byzantium, Annals of Niketas Choniatēs
162:
150:by a non-authentic charter from 1145. A certain
1140:Magyarország világi archontológiája, 1000–1301
100:in the second half of the 12th century. He was
1098:A nádori intézmény korai története, 1000–1342
1123:(in Hungarian). Szegedi Középkorász Műhely.
485:(bailiff) referred to Denis as "his lord" ("
1116:
1076:
795:
783:
747:
686:
669:
645:
609:
566:
405:to escort Denis till the Austrian border.
201:, both of them enjoyed the support of the
232:in the border with the Byzantine Empire.
1018:A feudális széttagolódás Magyarországon
296:invaded Dalmatia in the autumn of 1166.
234:
1137:
937:
913:
862:
826:
578:
1226:
1015:
898:
874:
276:narrates that Denis laid siege to the
1095:
1055:
925:
597:
1036:
989:
838:
807:
732:
703:
657:
633:
432:), and "Ban of Maritime Provinces" (
1249:Medieval Hungarian military leaders
996:
886:
850:
398:(Frederick's chancellor) requested
13:
952:
14:
1270:
1022:(in Hungarian). Akadémiai Kiadó.
179:Deeds of John and Manuel Comnenus
96:) was an influential lord in the
394:in early 1177. After the talks,
333:
1117:Thoroczkay, Gábor, ed. (2018).
1062:(in Hungarian). Helikon Kiadó.
765:
753:
709:
384:Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor
133:
1081:. Cambridge University Press.
615:
396:Christian, Archbishop of Mainz
321:near the fort along the river
1:
1254:12th-century Hungarian people
550:
163:Fights against the Byzantines
1259:Medieval Hungarian diplomats
7:
10:
1275:
947:
1212:
1203:
1195:
1185:
1176:
1167:
1162:
1077:Stephenson, Paul (2000).
306:Andronikos Kontostephanos
93:
67:
60:
50:
40:
32:
25:
18:
1138:Zsoldos, Attila (2011).
718:(4.133–135), pp. 75–77.
545:Emeric, King of Hungary
272:). Byzantine historian
108:between 1181 and 1184,
1056:Markó, László (2006).
1016:Kristó, Gyula (1979).
445:
437:
428:" in 1183 (succeeding
370:. Denis was appointed
248:
183:
156:Archdiocese of Kalocsa
128:Stephen III of Hungary
85:
1096:Szőcs, Tibor (2014).
1037:Makk, Ferenc (1989).
403:Ulrich II of Aquileia
238:
166:
1244:Palatines of Hungary
841:, pp. 110, 113.
268:(present-day Zemun,
1206:Palatine of Hungary
1041:. Akadémiai Kiadó.
997:Gál, Judit (2020).
901:, pp. 122–123.
624:(6.3), pp. 193–195.
102:Palatine of Hungary
94:Διονύσιος/Dionysios
27:Palatine of Hungary
1163:Political offices
386:and the pro-papal
350:, who was sent to
249:
191:Lucas of Esztergom
187:Euphrosyne of Kiev
140:Géza II of Hungary
118:of at least three
98:Kingdom of Hungary
1222:
1221:
1213:Succeeded by
1186:Succeeded by
1151:978-963-9627-38-3
1130:978-615-80398-3-3
1109:978-963-508-697-9
1088:978-0-521-02756-4
1008:978-963-416-227-8
990:Secondary sources
982:978-0-8143-1764-8
928:, pp. 44–45.
877:, pp. 88–90.
462:Diocese of Zagreb
392:Holy Roman Empire
286:Henry Jasomirgott
274:Niketas Choniates
206:Manuel I Komnenos
203:Byzantine Emperor
75:
74:
1266:
1234:Bans of Slavonia
1196:Preceded by
1168:Preceded by
1160:
1159:
1155:
1134:
1113:
1092:
1073:
1052:
1033:
1012:
941:
935:
929:
923:
917:
911:
902:
896:
890:
884:
878:
872:
866:
860:
854:
848:
842:
836:
830:
824:
811:
805:
799:
793:
787:
781:
775:
769:
763:
757:
751:
745:
736:
730:
719:
713:
707:
701:
690:
684:
673:
667:
661:
655:
649:
643:
637:
631:
625:
619:
613:
607:
601:
595:
582:
576:
570:
564:
471:Duke of Slavonia
181:
126:in the reign of
124:Byzantine Empire
95:
63:
16:
15:
1274:
1273:
1269:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1264:
1263:
1239:Bans of Croatia
1224:
1223:
1218:
1209:
1201:
1191:
1189:Kalán Bár-Kalán
1182:
1179:Ban of Slavonia
1174:
1158:
1152:
1131:
1110:
1089:
1070:
1049:
1030:
1009:
992:
987:
955:
953:Primary sources
950:
945:
944:
936:
932:
924:
920:
912:
905:
897:
893:
885:
881:
873:
869:
861:
857:
849:
845:
837:
833:
825:
814:
806:
802:
796:Thoroczkay 2018
794:
790:
784:Thoroczkay 2018
782:
778:
770:
766:
762:(4.153), p. 86.
758:
754:
748:Stephenson 2000
746:
739:
731:
722:
714:
710:
702:
693:
687:Stephenson 2000
685:
676:
670:Stephenson 2000
668:
664:
656:
652:
646:Thoroczkay 2018
644:
640:
632:
628:
620:
616:
610:Thoroczkay 2018
608:
604:
596:
585:
577:
573:
567:Stephenson 2000
565:
558:
553:
467:Kalán Bár-Kalán
458:Varaždin County
342:, Dalmatia and
336:
290:Duke of Austria
261:Henry of Mügeln
189:and Archbishop
182:
173:
165:
136:
110:Ban of Dalmatia
106:Ban of Slavonia
61:
21:
12:
11:
5:
1272:
1262:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1220:
1219:
1214:
1211:
1202:
1197:
1193:
1192:
1187:
1184:
1175:
1169:
1165:
1164:
1157:
1156:
1150:
1135:
1129:
1114:
1108:
1093:
1087:
1074:
1068:
1053:
1047:
1034:
1028:
1013:
1007:
993:
991:
988:
986:
985:
971:
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
943:
942:
940:, p. 295.
930:
918:
903:
891:
889:, p. 132.
879:
867:
855:
853:, p. 117.
843:
831:
829:, p. 125.
812:
810:, p. 101.
800:
798:, p. 268.
788:
786:, p. 540.
776:
774:(6.8), p. 203.
764:
752:
750:, p. 261.
737:
735:, p. 100.
720:
708:
691:
689:, p. 260.
674:
672:, p. 256.
662:
650:
648:, p. 261.
638:
626:
614:
612:, p. 179.
602:
600:, p. 221.
583:
581:, p. 141.
571:
569:, p. 249.
555:
554:
552:
549:
521:Székesfehérvár
511:and the royal
426:maritime parts
388:Lombard League
352:Constantinople
335:
332:
241:Zemun Fortress
171:
164:
161:
135:
132:
73:
72:
69:
65:
64:
58:
57:
52:
48:
47:
42:
38:
37:
34:
30:
29:
23:
22:
19:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1271:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1229:
1217:
1208:
1207:
1200:
1194:
1190:
1181:
1180:
1173:
1166:
1161:
1153:
1147:
1143:
1141:
1136:
1132:
1126:
1122:
1120:
1115:
1111:
1105:
1101:
1099:
1094:
1090:
1084:
1080:
1075:
1071:
1069:963-547-085-1
1065:
1061:
1059:
1054:
1050:
1048:963-05-5268-X
1044:
1040:
1035:
1031:
1029:963-05-1595-4
1025:
1021:
1019:
1014:
1010:
1004:
1000:
995:
994:
983:
979:
975:
972:
969:
968:0-231-04080-6
965:
961:
958:
957:
939:
934:
927:
922:
916:, p. 16.
915:
910:
908:
900:
895:
888:
883:
876:
871:
865:, p. 42.
864:
859:
852:
847:
840:
835:
828:
823:
821:
819:
817:
809:
804:
797:
792:
785:
780:
773:
768:
761:
756:
749:
744:
742:
734:
729:
727:
725:
717:
712:
706:, p. 99.
705:
700:
698:
696:
688:
683:
681:
679:
671:
666:
660:, p. 92.
659:
654:
647:
642:
636:, p. 93.
635:
630:
623:
618:
611:
606:
599:
594:
592:
590:
588:
580:
575:
568:
563:
561:
556:
548:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
499:
495:
490:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
406:
404:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
334:Powerful lord
331:
328:
324:
320:
315:
311:
307:
304:
303:
297:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
262:
258:
254:
246:
242:
239:The ruins of
237:
233:
231:
227:
226:John Kinnamos
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
180:
176:
175:John Kinnamos
170:
160:
157:
153:
149:
148:Bodrog County
145:
141:
131:
129:
125:
121:
117:
116:
112:in 1183, and
111:
107:
103:
99:
91:
87:
83:
79:
70:
66:
59:
56:
53:
49:
46:
43:
39:
35:
31:
28:
24:
17:
1204:
1199:Farkas Gatal
1177:
1142:
1139:
1121:
1118:
1100:
1097:
1078:
1060:
1057:
1038:
1020:
1017:
998:
973:
959:
938:Zsoldos 2011
933:
921:
914:Zsoldos 2011
894:
882:
870:
863:Zsoldos 2011
858:
846:
834:
827:Zsoldos 2011
803:
791:
779:
771:
767:
759:
755:
715:
711:
665:
653:
641:
629:
621:
617:
605:
579:Zsoldos 2011
574:
539:(1197) then
532:
528:
509:Tihany Abbey
504:
494:Farkas Gatal
491:
487:dominus meus
486:
482:
450:Gyula Kristó
446:Tengermellék
421:
416:-controlled
407:
376:peace treaty
371:
359:
355:
337:
326:
313:
300:
298:
282:Transylvania
250:
230:Lower Danube
221:
217:
195:Ladislaus II
184:
178:
167:
151:
143:
137:
134:Early career
113:
77:
76:
45:Farkas Gatal
899:Kristó 1979
875:Kristó 1979
498:Judge royal
492:Succeeding
430:Maurus Győr
364:Bács County
41:Predecessor
1228:Categories
1183:1181–1184
926:Szőcs 2014
598:Markó 2006
551:References
483:pristaldus
410:reoccupied
302:megas doux
243:(today in
199:Stephen IV
71:after 1184
839:Makk 1989
808:Makk 1989
733:Makk 1989
704:Makk 1989
658:Makk 1989
634:Makk 1989
517:Esztergom
513:udvornici
442:Hungarian
400:Patriarch
104:in 1184,
82:Hungarian
51:Successor
887:Gál 2020
851:Gál 2020
479:Slavonia
438:Primorje
434:Croatian
414:Venetian
382:between
310:counties
257:Dalmatia
172:—
120:counties
948:Sources
501:Charena
460:to the
340:Croatia
319:clashed
312:(their
253:Sirmium
214:Austria
210:Kapuvár
1216:Thomas
1148:
1127:
1106:
1085:
1066:
1045:
1026:
1005:
980:
966:
537:Sopron
525:Thomas
481:. His
475:župans
380:Venice
344:Bosnia
270:Serbia
266:Zimony
245:Serbia
55:Thomas
1210:1184
1172:Ampud
541:Újvár
533:ispán
529:ispán
505:comes
454:Drava
422:ispán
418:Zadar
372:ispán
360:ispán
356:comes
327:ispán
314:ispán
294:Ampud
222:ispán
218:comes
152:comes
144:ispán
115:ispán
90:Greek
86:Dénes
78:Denis
62:
33:Reign
20:Denis
1170:(?)
1146:ISBN
1125:ISBN
1104:ISBN
1083:ISBN
1064:ISBN
1043:ISBN
1024:ISBN
1003:ISBN
978:ISBN
964:ISBN
503:and
368:Géza
348:Béla
323:Sava
278:fort
255:and
220:(or
197:and
68:Died
36:1184
535:of
515:of
477:of
378:in
362:of
146:of
1230::
906:^
815:^
740:^
723:^
694:^
677:^
586:^
559:^
547:.
444::
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436::
288:,
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80:(
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