249:
118:
105:
37:
1034:"The armistice treaty provided for the demilitarization of a strip of 50 km from the border and the possibility of interference and Italian control as far as the Rhone. Both measures were implemented to a limited extent because the fascist authorities were more ambitious and rapacious than efficient. Then in November 1942,
640:
which served in the summer of 1940 to define the route of the line, near the location of a former German control station which stood on the canal bridge. The line was quickly moved (it was parallel to the canal but a few kilometres away) but the checkpoint remained in the same place. The permanent
413:
The goal of the demarcation line, according to a German officer, was to make the French government docile: three-quarters of the wheat and coal production in France occurred in the occupied zone, as well as nearly all the steel, textile, and sugar production. While not formally part of occupied
230:
To safeguard the interests of the German Reich, French State territory north and west of the line drawn on the attached map will be occupied by German troops. As far as the parts to be occupied still are not in control of German troops, this occupation will be carried out immediately after the
283:
indicated that this line of demarcation was a violation of territorial sovereignty which had an arbitrary character as much as the line was vague and requests for precision were in vain. If the route seemed simple at the national level, at the departmental and local level uncertainties and
641:
exhibition shows the history of the demarcation line, both in the department of Saône-et-Loire as well as in the other twelve departments formerly bisected by the line and its influence on the life of France, the functioning of the administration, the development of smuggling, and the
171:
The path of the demarcation line was specified in the
Articles of the Armistice. It was also called the green line because it was marked green on the joint map produced at the Armistice Convention. In German, the line is known as the
256:
Initially, the armistice of 22 June 1940 provided for the "occupation of territory without giving the French government a free space". The total and rapid defeat of France followed by its partition had not been studied by the
1102:
143:
275:
which the French delegation had no power to agree to in any case. This agreement was the basis of a tense political relationship between the two belligerents. The French delegation to the
636:. The permanent exhibition centre is housed in a building whose architecture symbolizes the fracture formed by this inner border. It is located in the Place du Bassin next to the
291:'s regime did not know the exact route of the line until the end of 1941. In practice, the occupiers regularly modified the route at the request of local authorities.
599:, which was built on the bed of the river: the main entrance was in the occupied zone, while the exit to the park to the south of the gallery was in the Free Zone.
1160:
997:, translation (to French) by Denise Meunier), éd. Fayard, coll. "Great Contemporary Studies", 1968, 554 pages, Chapter: "The disguised annexation", p. 123-124
1067:, Plon, 1948-1954; reprint 12 vol., 1965-1966, Vol. 8: "The turning of destiny - Africa saved, 1942-1943", Chapter XI: "The torch is lit", p. 221-222:
269:
for France signed an armistice which outlined in
Article 2 the creation of a partition of the metropolitan area of France. Article 3, however, stated:
1097:
781:
562:
573:
on 27 November 1942. The demarcation line was removed on 1 March 1943 but fourteen main control points subsisted on the former route of the line.
272:"The German Government intends to reduce to a minimum the occupation of the West Coast after the cessation of hostilities with England."
194:. After this, all of France was under German occupation, and the occupied zone north of the line became known as the "northern Zone" (
441:
The French bureaucracy had to be reorganized. For example, police stations were created in the non-occupied parts of divided regions.
1078:
who came to tell him that the Führer had ordered his army to occupy the Free Zone in France. ... the same day, the
Italians occupied
248:
541:
a band 50 km (31 mi) wide along the
Italian border, bounded by the "purple line" was converted into a demilitarized zone;
566:
1140:
914:
882:
849:
817:
740:
717:
694:
671:
425:) from the occupation authorities after many formalities. The Vichy Regime did not offer permanent free-movement cards: only
966:
1134:
938:
906:
874:
841:
809:
762:
732:
709:
686:
663:
561:. Italy, taking advantage of this invasion, decided to occupy the area it wanted, which led to the extension of the
261:. Finally this partition, which handicapped the defeated, was decided by the winner. Thus on 22 June 1940 Generals
236:
217:
190:
The demarcation line became moot in
November 1942 after the Germans crossed the line and invaded the Free Zone in
28:
1020:
961:, 2nd edition, Paris, Tallandier, Éditions Tallandier, 2006, (1st edition Éditions Balland, 1987), 654 pages,
295:
276:
608:
1155:
350:
223:
161:
1125:
637:
531:
596:
402:
335:
1014:
Giorgio Rochat, (trans. Anne
Pilloud), "The Italian Campaign of June 1940 in the western Alps",
765:): Michèle Cointet, "Demarcation Line", p. 452-453; Map of Occupied France, p. 716.
625:
520:
504:
933:, Geste éditions, coll. "30 questions", Jean-Clément Martin (dir.), La Crèche, 2000, 63 p. (
457:
258:
570:
8:
508:
370:
354:
346:
339:
139:
78:
303:
516:
512:
492:
982:
345:
Covering nearly 1,200 kilometres (750 mi), the demarcation line crossed thirteen
288:
1060:
962:
934:
910:
902:
878:
870:
845:
837:
813:
805:
758:
736:
728:
713:
705:
690:
682:
667:
659:
642:
480:
430:
394:
382:
266:
187:
Papers were required in order to cross the line legally, but few had this privilege.
633:
390:
1165:
1035:
327:
315:
134:
987:
Frankreich in
Hitlers Europa – Die deutsche Frankreichpolitik im Zweiten Weltkrieg
1106:
1024:
558:
554:
465:
311:
191:
82:
994:
612:
588:
461:
374:
331:
262:
165:
500:
417:
It was only possible to cross the line legally by obtaining an identity card (
1149:
535:
444:
The disorganization of the country was amplified by other demarcation lines:
1071:
954:
658:, éd. Presses Universitaires de France, collection No. 3045, 1995, 128 p. (
592:
469:
426:
378:
157:
123:
110:
587:
The plot of the demarcation line led to some aberrations. For example, in
323:
63:
1109:, on the histoire-en-questions.fr website, consulted on 24 October 2008.
484:
299:
629:
557:, the Germans crossed the demarcation line and invaded the Free Zone in
1075:
152:
86:
1013:
1038:, always in the shadow of the Germans, occupied France as far as the
584:
Maps published a map after the war with the exact route of the line.
280:
41:
The demarcation line separated the Free Zone from the
Occupied Zone.
581:
366:
362:
36:
1039:
1031:. Online 6 June 2008, consulted on 24 October 2008. This passage:
1083:
358:
319:
405:
occupied 42 entirely, 13 partially, while 35 were not occupied.
931:
Occupation, Resistance and
Liberation in Vienne in 30 questions
479:
where the return of refugees was prohibited: including part of
453:
386:
307:
989:, Deutsche Verlag-Anstalg GmbH, Stuttgart, 1966; translation:
771:, éd. Nov' Edit, p. 74, paragraph "Raid and Deportation".
753:
Under the direction of Michèle
Cointet and Jean-Paul Cointet,
725:
The Demarcation Line in the department of Charente, 1940-1943
496:
488:
1135:
Centre of Interpretation of the Demarcation Line at Génelard
530:
under German military administration from Belgium including
1079:
1043:
398:
1141:
Centre of interpretation of the Demarcation Line website
414:
Europe, the Free Zone was heavily reliant on Germany.
206:). The line was officially annulled on 1 March 1943.
150:) in the northern and western part of France and the
755:
Historical Dictionary of France under the Occupation
1147:
782:Occupation of France by Germany in World War II
628:of the demarcation line opened in June 2006 at
1161:Military history of France during World War II
548:
544:Coastal areas were prohibited from April 1941.
436:
138:was the boundary line marking the division of
976:
252:German control post on the demarcation line.
209:
144:occupied and administered by the German Army
1056:
1054:
35:
702:The Demarcation Line in Vienne, 1940-1943
1051:
1009:
1007:
553:On 11 November 1942, in reaction to the
401:. Out of a total of 90 departments, the
247:
567:Scuttling of the French fleet in Toulon
1148:
460:(annexed on 18 October 1940) from the
1128:, on the Chemins de mémoire website.
1004:
1027:, on the History of Defence website
899:The line of demarcation: 1940-1944
867:The line of demarcation: 1940-1944
834:The line of demarcation: 1940-1944
802:The line of demarcation: 1940-1944
681:, éd. Perrin, Paris, 2003, 429 p. (
13:
1137:on the Chemins de mémoire website.
901:, éd. Perrin, Paris, 2003, 429 p.
869:, éd. Perrin, Paris, 2003, 429 p.
836:, éd. Perrin, Paris, 2003, 429 p.
804:, éd. Perrin, Paris, 2003, 429 p.
237:Wikisource:Franco-German Armistice
14:
1177:
1119:
656:The Demarcation Line: (1940-1944)
284:inaccuracies were very numerous.
16:Boundary line during World War II
727:, Geste Éditions, 2004, 184 p. (
704:, Geste Éditions, 2002, 189 p. (
576:
243:
156:(Free zone) in the south during
116:
103:
1091:
748:The Demarcation Line in Gironde
679:The Demarcation Line: 1940-1944
648:
591:it ran along the course of the
555:Allied landings in North Africa
53:22 June 1940 – 11 November 1942
947:
923:
891:
859:
826:
794:
769:The Second World War 1939-1945
226:defines the demarcation line:
1:
787:
218:Second Armistice at Compiègne
29:Second Armistice at Compiègne
757:, Tallandier, 2000, 728 p. (
750:, Éditions Fanlac, Périgeux.
202:became the "southern zone" (
7:
1016:Historical Review of Armies
953:Fred Kupferman, preface by
775:
619:
569:and the dissolution of the
549:End of the demarcation line
452:: the line which separated
437:Administrative organization
421:) or a free-movement card (
277:German Armistice Commission
10:
1182:
565:. This led in turn to the
231:conclusion of this treaty.
215:
1099:Invasion of the Free Zone
1018:, No. 250, 2008, p. 77-84
991:France in Hitler's Europe
224:Armistice of 22 June 1940
210:Armistice of 22 June 1940
162:Armistice of 22 June 1940
160:. It was created by the
96:
45:
34:
26:
21:
602:
609:The Line of demarcation
563:Italian occupation zone
408:
336:Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port
22:French demarcation line
1088:
1048:
595:and thus bisected the
477:German settlement Zone
253:
241:
1068:
1032:
626:interpretation centre
597:Château de Chenonceau
505:Territoire de Belfort
265:for Nazi Germany and
251:
228:
176:, often shortened to
81:in two: the northern
1126:The Demarcation Line
1065:The Second World War
433:had this privilege.
351:Pyrénées-Atlantiques
338:before reaching the
259:German General Staff
929:Jean-Henri Calmon,
349:: Basses-Pyrénées (
142:into the territory
140:Metropolitan France
79:Metropolitan France
1105:2015-03-23 at the
1023:2013-05-28 at the
746:Philippe Souleau,
513:Meurthe-et-Moselle
298:it passed through
254:
222:Article II of the
1061:Winston Churchill
915:978-2-262-01598-5
883:978-2-262-01598-5
850:978-2-262-01598-5
818:978-2-262-01598-5
741:978-2-84561-157-3
718:978-2-8456-1068-2
695:978-2-262-01598-5
672:978-2-13-047416-6
643:French Resistance
615:released in 1966.
431:Fernand de Brinon
267:Charles Huntziger
198:) and the former
174:Demarkationslinie
129:
128:
92:
91:
1173:
1156:Battle of France
1131:
1113:
1112:
1095:
1089:
1074:was awakened by
1070:On 11 November
1058:
1049:
1036:Benito Mussolini
1011:
1002:
1000:
980:
974:
972:
967:978-284734-254-3
951:
945:
944:
927:
921:
920:
895:
889:
888:
863:
857:
855:
830:
824:
823:
798:
723:Jacques Farisy,
700:Jacques Farisy,
304:Chalon-sur-Saône
239:
135:demarcation line
122:
120:
119:
109:
107:
106:
47:
46:
39:
19:
18:
1181:
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1175:
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1172:
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1170:
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1145:
1129:
1122:
1117:
1116:
1110:
1107:Wayback Machine
1096:
1092:
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1052:
1025:Wayback Machine
1012:
1005:
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983:Eberhard Jäckel
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651:
638:Canal du Centre
632:, a commune in
622:
605:
579:
559:Operation Anton
551:
466:Alsace-Lorraine
439:
411:
312:Paray-le-Monial
289:Philippe Pétain
246:
240:
235:
220:
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192:Operation Anton
117:
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40:
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5:
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1120:External links
1118:
1115:
1114:
1090:
1050:
1029:rha.revues.org
1003:
995:Alfred Grosser
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946:
922:
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792:
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634:Saône-et-Loire
621:
618:
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613:Claude Chabrol
604:
601:
589:Indre-et-Loire
578:
575:
550:
547:
546:
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539:
524:
473:
462:Forbidden Zone
450:Northeast Zone
438:
435:
410:
407:
391:Saône-et-Loire
375:Indre-et-Loire
340:Spanish border
332:Mont-de-Marsan
263:Wilhelm Keitel
245:
242:
233:
216:Main article:
211:
208:
166:fall of France
127:
126:
113:
99:
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996:
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940:
939:2-910919-98-6
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907:2-262-01598-8
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687:2-262-01598-8
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664:2-13-047416-0
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652:
646:
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639:
635:
631:
627:
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583:
577:Miscellaneous
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536:Pas-de-Calais
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423:Passierschein
420:
415:
406:
404:
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396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
353:since 1969),
352:
348:
343:
341:
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329:
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317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
292:
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260:
250:
244:Establishment
238:
232:
227:
225:
219:
214:
207:
205:
201:
197:
193:
188:
185:
183:
179:
175:
169:
168:in May 1940.
167:
163:
159:
155:
154:
149:
145:
141:
137:
136:
125:
114:
112:
101:
100:
95:
88:
85:and southern
84:
83:occupied zone
80:
76:
71:
70:
65:
60:
57:
56:
52:
49:
48:
44:
38:
33:
30:
25:
20:
1098:
1093:
1069:
1064:
1033:
1028:
1015:
993:(preface by
990:
986:
978:
958:
955:Henry Rousso
949:
930:
925:
898:
897:Éric Alary,
893:
866:
865:Éric Alary,
861:
833:
832:Éric Alary,
828:
801:
800:Éric Alary,
796:
768:
754:
747:
724:
701:
678:
677:Éric Alary,
655:
654:Éric Alary,
649:Bibliography
623:
611:, a film by
586:
580:
552:
527:
476:
470:Gau Westmark
449:
443:
440:
427:Pierre Laval
422:
418:
416:
412:
379:Loir-et-Cher
344:
296:Swiss border
293:
286:
274:
271:
255:
229:
221:
213:
203:
199:
195:
189:
186:
181:
177:
173:
170:
158:World War II
151:
148:Zone occupée
147:
132:
130:
124:Vichy France
62:forest near
1130:(in French)
1111:(in French)
999:(in French)
971:(in French)
943:(in French)
919:(in French)
887:(in French)
854:(in French)
852:, p. 33-34
822:(in French)
501:Haute-Saône
495:and all of
485:Haute-Marne
403:German Army
347:departments
72:Territorial
1150:Categories
941:), p. 12.
788:References
571:Vichy Army
528:North Zone
200:Zone libre
178:Dema-Linie
164:after the
153:Zone libre
969:, p. 284
885:, p. 16.
820:, p. 22.
324:Angoulême
294:From the
281:Wiesbaden
196:Zone nord
87:Free zone
64:Compiègne
1103:Archived
1021:Archived
917:, p. 4.
776:See also
630:Génelard
620:Memorial
582:Michelin
521:Ardennes
367:Charente
363:Dordogne
287:Marshal
234:—
204:Zone sud
180:or even
77:Divided
66:, France
58:Location
27:Part of
1166:Borders
1084:Corsica
1042:except
464:. See:
458:Moselle
419:Ausweis
359:Gironde
320:Vierzon
316:Moulins
133:French
111:Germany
97:Parties
74:changes
965:
937:
913:
905:
881:
873:
848:
840:
816:
808:
761:
739:
731:
716:
708:
693:
685:
670:
662:
519:, and
509:Vosges
491:, and
468:, and
454:Alsace
397:, and
387:Allier
371:Vienne
355:Landes
328:Langon
308:Digoin
121:
108:
1076:Abetz
1072:Laval
1040:Rhône
959:Laval
603:Films
517:Meuse
497:Doubs
493:Somme
489:Aisne
1082:and
1080:Nice
1044:Lyon
963:ISBN
935:ISBN
911:ISBN
903:ISBN
879:ISBN
871:ISBN
846:ISBN
838:ISBN
814:ISBN
806:ISBN
759:ISBN
737:ISBN
735:and
729:ISBN
714:ISBN
712:and
706:ISBN
691:ISBN
689:and
683:ISBN
668:ISBN
666:and
660:ISBN
624:The
593:Cher
534:and
532:Nord
526:the
481:Jura
475:the
456:and
448:the
429:and
409:Goal
395:Jura
383:Cher
300:Dole
182:Dema
131:The
50:Date
399:Ain
279:at
1152::
1063:,
1053:^
1006:^
985:,
957:,
909:,
877:,
844:,
812:,
743:).
720:).
697:).
674:).
645:.
515:,
511:,
507:,
503:,
499:,
487:,
483:,
393:,
389:,
385:,
381:,
377:,
373:,
369:,
365:,
361:,
357:,
342:.
334:,
330:,
326:,
322:,
318:,
314:,
310:,
306:,
302:,
184:.
1086:.
1046:.
1001:.
973:.
856:.
538:;
523:;
472:;
146:(
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